High Availability

Part 3 - GLBP

www.ine.com
 GLBP
Gateway Load-Balancing Protocol
Cisco Proprietary
Provides gateway redundancy AND per-host
load-balancing.
AVG (Active Virtual Gateway) in charge of
determining host-to-gateway allocations.

Copyright www.ine.com
 GLBP
Preemption for role of AVG on by default.
AVG replies to the ARP request sent to the virtual IP
A single AVG per group
Highest Priority or
Highest IP address
Gateways capable of forwarding packets in GLBP are
called AVF
Active Virtual Forwarder
Maximum of 4-AVFs per group.
Copyright www.ine.com
 GLBP
AVG is also an AVF
Each AVF assigned virtual MAC
0007.b4xx:xxyy where:
xx:xx = GLBP Group#
YY = AVF #

AVFs request their AVF# and virtual MAC

from AVG
AVG and AVFs all send Hello packets (3-secs)
Copyright www.ine.com
 GLBP
My gateway is
1.1.1.1, 1.1.1.3
AVF
MAC=01.02
ARP RQ for
1.1.1.1 Virtual Router
1.1.1.1
Virtual MAC=01.02

My gateway is
1.1.1.1,
MAC=01.01
ARP Reply Virtual Router
for 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1
ARP RQ for MAC= 01.02
01.01 1.1.1.2
1.1.1.1 Virtual MAC=01.01
Copyright www.ine.com AVG/AVF
 Implementing GLBP
Enabling GLBP in the interface
Sw1(config-if)# glbp <group-id> ip <virtual-ip>
Configuring priority
Sw1(config-if)# glbp <group-id> priority <priority>
Disabling preemption
Sw1(config-if)# no glbp <group-id> preempt

Copyright www.ine.com
 GLBP Load Balancing
Load-balancing algorithms:
Round-robin (default)
Host dependent
Weighted
Configured with the glbp <group-id> load-
balancing <weighted | round | host >
command

Copyright www.ine.com
 GLBP Weighted Load Balancing
Configured on AVG:
glbp <group-id> load-balancing weighted
Configured on AVFs
glbp <group-id> weighting <value> lower
<value> upper <value>

Copyright www.ine.com
 AVF Object Tracking
Every router has default AVF weight = 100 (maximum value)
Beneath lower weight, router can no longer participate as AVF.
Object tracking can be used to dynamically decrement weight value
if tracked object fails.

Copyright www.ine.com
 Optimizing GLBP Intervals
Configuring hello and hold timers
Sw1(config-if)# glbp <group-id> timers <hello time>
<hold time>
Configuring redirect timer

Copyright www.ine.com
 Verifying GLBP
Sw1#show glbp
Sw1#show glbp brief

Copyright www.ine.com