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Lab - Vie
ewing Host
H Rou
uting Tables
T
Topology
O
Objectives
Part 1: Ac
ccess the Ho
ost Routing Table
T
Part 2: Ex
xamine IPv4 Host Routin
ng Table Entrries
Part 3: Ex
xamine IPv6 Host Routin
ng Table Entrries
B
Backgroun
nd / Scenarrio
To access s a resource on
o a network,, your host will determine tthe route to th he destinationn host using itts routing
e host routing table is similar to that of a router, but iss specific to th
table. The he local host and much lesss
complex. For a packet to reach a loc cal destinatioon, the local h ost routing taable is require
ed. To reach a remote
destinatio ocal host routing table and the router rou
on, both the lo uting table aree required. Thhe netstat rr and
route prinnt commands s provide insig
ght into how your
y local hosst routes packkets to the de estination.
In this lab
b, you will disp mine the inforrmation in the host routing table of your PC using the
play and exam e netstat
r and route print com mmands. You will determinne how packe ts will be routted by your PPC depending on the
destinatioon address.
Note: This
s lab cannot be
b completed
d using Netlab
b. This lab asssumes that yo
ou have Interrnet access.
R
Required Resources
R
1 PC (Windows 7, Vista, or XP with
w Internet and
a comman d prompt acccess)
P
Part 1: Access
A th
he Host Routing
R Table
S
Step 1: Re
ecord your PC
P informattion.
On your PC,
P open a co ommand prom
mpt window and type the ip
pconfig /all ccommand to d
display the folllowing
informatio
on and record it:
IPv4 Add
dress
MAC Add
dress
Default Gateway
G
S
Step 2: Dis
splay the ro
outing tables.
In a comm
mand prompt window type the netstat r
(or route p rint) comman
nd to display the host routiing table.
S
Step 3: Examine the Interface Lis
st.
The first section,
s Interfa plays the Media Access Co
ace List, disp ontrol (MAC) addresses an
nd assigned in
nterface
number of every netwo ork-capable innterface on the host.
P
Part 2: Examine
E IPv4
I Host Routing
g Table E
Entries
In Part 2, you will exam on as a result of the
mine the IPv4 host routing table. This ta ble is in the ssecond sectio
netstat rr output. It listts all the know
wn IPv4 route
es, including d
direct connecctions, local ne
etwork, and lo
ocal
default routes.
ut is divided in
The outpu n five columns
s: Network De
estination, Ne
etmask, Gate
eway, Interfacce, and Metricc.
The Network
N Destination column lists the rea
achable netwo
ork. The Netw
work Destinattion is used w
with
Netmask to match the destinatio
on IP addresss.
The Netmask
N lists the subnet mask
m that the host
h uses to d
determine the
e network and
d host portions of the
IP add
dress.
The Gateway
G colum
mn lists the address
a that th
he host uses to send the p packets to a re
emote network
destin
nation. If a destination is directly connec cted, the gate
eway is listed as On-link in the output.
The In
nterface colum
mn lists the IP
P address tha
at is configure
ed on the loca
al network ada
aptor. This is used to
forward a packet on
o the network k.
The Metric
M column lists the costt of using a ro
oute. It is used
d to calculate
e the best routte to a destina
ation. A
preferrred route has
s a lower mettric number th han other routtes listed.
The outpu
ut displays five different typ
pes of active routes:
r
The local default route 0.0.0.0 is used when the packet does not match other specified addresses in the
routing table. The packet will be sent to the gateway from the PC for further processing. In this example,
the packet will be sent to 192.168.1.1 from 192.168.1.11.
The loopback addresses, 127.0.0.0 127.255.255.255, are related to direct connection and provide
services to the local host.
The addresses for the subnet, 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.255, are all related to the host and the local
network. If the final destination of the packet is in the local network, the packet will exit 192.168.1.11
interface.
- The local route address 192.168.1.0 represents all devices on the 192.168.1.0/24 network.
- The address of the local host is 192.168.1.11.
- The network broadcast address 192.168.1.255 is used to send messages to all the hosts on the local
network.
The special multicast class D addresses 224.0.0.0 are reserved for use through either the loopback
interface (127.0.0.1) or the host (192.168.1.11).
The local broadcast address 255.255.255.255 can be used through either the loopback interface
(127.0.0.1) or host (192.168.1.11).
Based on the contents of the IPv4 routing table, if the PC wanted to send a packet to 192.168.1.15, what
would it do and where would it send the packet?
If the PC wanted to send a packet to a remote host located at 172.16.20.23, what would it do and where
would it send the packet?
2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 4 of 6
L
Lab - Viewing
g Host Routing Tables
What is th
he loopback address
a and subnet
s mask for
f IPv4? Wha
at is the loopb
back IP addre
ess for IPv6?
Reflection
1. How is the number of bits for the network indicated for IPv4. How is it done for IPv6?
2. Why is there both IPv4 and IPv6 information in the host routing tables?
2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 6 of 6