INTAKE DESIGN FOR TANGRA KHOLA CANAL

Source Name Tangra Khola

River Peak discharge Qp 4.000 m3/sec
Intake Canal Bed width Bo 1.5 m
Intake Canal Design Discharge Qo 0.975 m3/sec
Intake Canal Water Depth Do 0.856 m
Intake Canal FSL FSLo 76.881 m
Critical River U/S FSL FSLp(u/s) 77.181 m
Critical River D/S FSL FSLp(d/s) 76.981 m
River Bed Width U/S Bp(u/s) 11.500 m
River Bed Width D/S Bp(d/s) 11.500 m
Critical River Water Depth U/S Dp(u/s) 1.982 m
River Water Depth D/S Dp(d/s) 1.982 m
Existing Ground Level EGL 75.199
Assume safe exit gradient (GE) 0.2
Constant for rounded nose pier Kp 0.2
Constant for square abutement Ka 0.2

Design of Cross Regulator

1) Fixation of crest level and waterway
Crest level = FSLp(u/s)-Dp(u/s)+0.5
75.699 m
Waterway Q = C s
*Be*He3/2
degree of submergance = hd/He
hd = 0.2 m
He = 1.482 m
hd/He = 0.13
Cs/C from fig 6.5 ( V. Gupta) = 0.910
The modified discharge constant =Cs=1.705*Cs/ 1.552
Be = 1.429 m
Now assuming 4 bay of 2.25 m is each
Provide Be = 9
Crest width=0.55*sqrt(Dpu/s+He) 1.024
take Crest width= 1.1
Total structural width= 10.5
2) Level and length of d/s floor
Discharge per metre length, q = 0.440 cumec/m
Head loss HL = 0.200 m
Ef2 = 0.415 m (from trail & error formula)
D/s floor level = 76.566 m
Adopt cistern level 74.999 m
Ef1 = Ef2+HL = 0.615 m
y1 = 0.087
y2 = 0.387
Cistern length require, Lc = 5(y2 -y1) = 1.5 m
Provide Lc = 1.5 m
3) Vertical cut-offs
d1 1.2
d2 1.2
U/s cut-off level 73.999 m
D/s cut-off level 73.799 m
4) Total floor length & Exit gradient
Maximum static heas (H) = u/s water level - d/s floor level
H= 2.182 m Ge = H/dx1/Lamda
1/Lamda 0.110
For this = 8
 Total floor length required = d2 = 9.60 m
Provide total floor length = 10.00 m
Total floor length should be provided as given below
D/s floor length = 1.5 m
D/s glacis length with 2:1 slope= 0.4 m
crest width= 1.1
U/s floor length = 7.00
Total = 10 m
5) Pressure calculations
a) U/s cut-off
d= 1.2
b= 10
= 8.33 = (1+(1+2)0.5)/2 4.7
100-1/*Cos-1((-1)/)=D = 87.90 %
from khosla's pressure curve c = 59.00 % for above
D -c = 28.9 %
assume u/s floor thickness near cut-off 0.25 m
c correction due to floor thickness = 6.021 % (+ve)
c corrected 65.021 %
n of interference of d.s. cut-off may be neglected)
b) D/s cut-off
d= 1.2
b= 10
1/ = d/b = 0.120 = (1+(1+2)0.5)/2 1.01
1/*Cos-1((-2)/)=E = 53.70 %
1/*Cos-1((-1)/)=D = 28.50 %
E -D = 25.2 %
assume d/s floor thickness near cut-off = 0.25 m
E correction due to floor thickness = 5.25 % (-ve)
E corrected 48.45 %
(correction of interference of d.s. cut-off may be neglected)

E 1 C1 E C
d1 d2
D1 D
6) Floor thickness
The maximum static head will occur on the floor when there is no flow in the canal
The maximum static head = 2.18 m
At 1.5 m from d.s. end
Unbalanced head =(65.02-48.45)/100*2.18*1.50/10.00+48.45*2.18/100 = 1.11 m
Up lift pressure = 1000 * 1.11 = 1111.42 kg/sqm
Slab weight = 2500* 0.25 = 625.00 kg/sqm
Net uplift pressure = 486.42 kg/sqm
Mr = w*l2/12 = 2052065 Nmm
for c=7,j=0.289, k=0.904, Rb =1/2xc x j x k 0.914
d = ( Mr/Rb*b)0.5 47 mm
say 100 mm
Provide cover on top of slab 50 mm, so total thickness is = 150 mm
Floor thickness provided = 250 mm

At 0.50 m from d.s. end

Unbalanced head =(48.45*2.18/100) = 1.06 kg/sqm
Up lift pressure = 1000 * 1.06 1057.18 kg/sqm
Slab weight = 2500* 0.25 625.00 kg/sqm
Net uplift pressure 432.18 Nmm
 Mr = w*l2/12 Mr = 1823255 mm
d = ( Mr/Rb*b)0.5 45 mm
say 100
Provide 30 mm, so total thickness is = 130 mm
Floor thickness provided = 250 mm
7) Main Reinforcement
Ast = Mr/(pst*jd)
Ast = 2052065/(230*0.904*100)= 0.002 mm2
Calculation of minimum reinforcement > 0.25% Ac.
Ast =0.25% Ac =0.25/100*1000*250= 625 mm2
Maximun area of reinforcement 625 mm2
Spacing of 12 mm dia bar = 181 mm
provide 12 mm dia bar @ 150 mm c/c across the floor
Choose 12 mm bars @ 181 mm centres
Provide 12 mm bars @ 150 mm centres
Area provided 754 mm 2
ok
Distribution Reinforcement
Bottom mat steel is greater of
0.10% Ac = 250 mm2
or 20 % Ast 151 mm2
Provide 250 mm2.
Choose 8 mm bars 201 mm centres
Provide 8 mm bars @ 150 mm centres
Area provide 335 mm2 ok

77.581
77.381
77.181 75.699 76.981

75.199 2
250 1 74.999
1200 250 1200

300
300
8500 1500

8) Downstream Protection : shall be provided to cater a scoure of D2= 1.2 m below the floor
Block Protection (dimension in roundup values)
8.1) Chute Blocks Height y1 = 0.2 m
spacing s=y1 0.2 m
end block spacing =y1/2 0.1 m
8.2) Baffle Blocks Height=0.2*y2 0.5 m
spacing =0.75*D2 0.9 m
Spacing Between block rows=0.8*D2 1.0 m
8.3) End Sills: Continuous End Sills are to be provided
=d/s floor level -cistern level 0.000 m
9) CR Gate:
Nos. 4
Width of Each Gate=each water way+.1+.1 2.45 m
Height of Each Gate=FSL-Crest Level+.1+.2 1.79 m
Design of Head Regulator
Design of Secondary head regulator
1) Fixation of crest level & waterway
The crestlevel of Intake shall be 0.3 m higher than its floor level
 u/s floor level = bed level of Parent canal 75.199 m
crest level = 75.499 m
Waterway shall be worked out with the following formula
Q = C*Be*He3/2
hd = 0.3 m
He = 1.682 m
hd/He = 0.18 m
Ratio modified coefficient to free discharge = 0.920 (from fig 6.5)
Thus the coefficient of discharge = 1.705
Required Water Way, Be = 0.30 m
Minimum clear water =60% of Intake width = 0.90 m
Provide clear waterway = 1.50 Same as Intake Canal Bed Width
2) Level & length of d/s floor
Q= 0.975 cumecs
discharge intensity (q) = 0.650 cumecs/m
Head loss = 0.3 m
Ef2 = 0.539
D/s floor level = 76.342 m
Bed level = 76.025 m
Adopt cistern level 75.925 m
Ef1 = Ef2+HL = 0.839 m
y1 = 0.078
y2 = 0.416
Cistern length require, Lc = 5(y2 -y1) = 1.69 m
Provide Lc = 4.5 m
3) Vertical cut-offs
d1 = 1 (refer table 6.1 of v. & Gupta)
d2 = 1 (refer table 6.1 of v. & Gupta)
Provide d/s cut-off = 1 m
U/s cut-off level 74.199 m
D/s cut-off level 75.025 m
4) Total floor length & Exit gradient
Maximum static head (H) = u/s water level - d/s floor level
H= 1.16 m Ge = H/dx1/Lamda
1/Lamda = 0.173
for this value of 1/Lamda , = 5.00 From Khosla pressure curve
Total floor length required = d2 = 5.00 m
Provide total floor length = 10.00 m
Total floor length should be provided as given below
Cistern floor length = 4.50 m
D/s glacis length with 2:1 slope= -0.85 m
Crest width = 0.50 m
u/s glacis with 1:1 slope = 0.30 m
U/s floor length= 5.55 m
Total = 10.00 m
5) Pressure calculations
a) U/s cut-off
d= 1
b= 10
= 10.000 = (1+(1+2)0.5)/2 5.53
100-1/*Cos-1((-1)/)=D = 88.90 %
c = 20.00 %
D -c = 68.9 %
assume u/s floor thickness near cut-off 0.25 m
c correction due to floor thickness = 17.23 % (+ve)
c corrected 37.23 %
(correction of interference of d.s. cut-off may be neglected)
b) D/s cut-off
d= 1
b= 10
1/ = d/b = 10.000 = (1+(1+2)0.5)/2 5.53
1/*Cos-1((-2)/)=E = 16.00 %
1/*Cos-1((-1)/)=D = 11.10 %
E -D = 4.9 %
assume d/s floor thickness near cut-off = 0.25 m
E correction due to floor thickness = 1.23 % (-ve)
E corrected 14.78 %
(correction of interference of d.s. cut-off may be neglected)

E 1 C1 E C
d1 d2
D1 D
6) Floor thickness
The maximum static head will occur when FSL is maintained in u/s but no water in secondary canal
The maximum static head = 1.16 m
At 4.5 m from d.s. end
Unbalanced head =(37.23-14.78)/100*1.16*4.50/10.00+14.78*1.16/100 = 0.29 m
Up lift pressure = 1000 * 0.29 = 287.58 kg/sqm
Slab weight= 2500* 0.25 = 625.00 kg/sqm
Net uplift pressure = 0.00 kg/sqm
Mr = w*l2/12 = 0 Nmm
d = ( Mr/Rb*b)0.5 = 0 mm
say 170 mm
Provide cover on top of slab 30 mm, so total thickness is = 200 mm
Floor thickness provided = 250 mm
At 0.30 m from d.s. end
Unbalanced head =(14.78*1.16/100) = 0.17 m
Up lift pressure = 1000 * 0.17 = 170.80 kg/sqm
Slab weight = 2500* 0.25 = 625.00 kg/sqm
Net uplift pressure = 0.00 kg/sqm
Mr = w*l2/12 Mr = 0 Nmm
d = ( Mr/Rb*b)0.5 = 0 mm
say, d = 170 mm
Provide cover on top of slab 30 mm, so total thickness is = 200 mm
Floor thickness required = 200 mm at end of floor
Provide 250 mm floor throughout the d/s floor
7) Reinforcement
Ast = Mr/(pst*jd)
Ast = 0/(230*0.904*)250= 0 mm2
Calculation of minimum reinforcement > 0.25% Ac.
Ast =0.25% Ac =0.25/100*1000*250= 625 mm2
Maximun area of reinforcement 625 mm2
Spacing of 12 mm dia bar = 181 mm
provide 12 mm dia bar @ 150 mm c/c across the floor
Area provide 753.6 mm2 OK
Distribution steel
Bottom mat steel is greater of
0.10% Ac = 250 mm2
or 20 % Ast 151 mm2
Provide 250 mm2.
Choose 8 mm bars 201 mm centres
 Provide 8 mm bars @ 150 mm centres
Area provide 334.93333 mm2 OK
77.681
77.181
77.181 75.499 76.881
500
75.199 2 76.025
250 1 75.925
1000 250 1000

300
300
5500 4500

Block Protection (dimension in roundup values)

8.1) Chute Blocks Height y1 0.2 m
spacing s=y1 0.2 m
end block spacing =y1/2 0.1 m
8.2) Baffle Blocks Height=0.2*y2 0.5 m
spacing =0.75*D2 0.8 m
Spacing Between block rows=0.8*D2 1.0 m
8.3) End Sills: Continuous End Sills are to be provided
=d/s floor level -cistern level 0.100 m
9) HR Gate:
Nos. 1
Width of Each Gate=each water way+.1+.1 1.70 m
Height of Each Gate=FSL-Crest Level+.1+.2 1.79 m
 Calculation of Pressure
b 5.00 m
d 1.00 m
= b/d 5.00
= (1+(1+2)0.5)/2 3.05
E =1/*Cos-1((-2)/)= 22.30 %
D =1/*Cos-1((-1)/)= 15.20 %
C1 =100- E = 77.70 %
D1 =100- D = 84.80 %

Calculation of Energy Level

q= 0.280 cumec/m
HL = 0.200 m
g= 9.81 m/sec2
16*g1/3*HL/q2/3 = 16.0054403
Iterative calculation for prejump depth, y1
Refer to page 213, Hydraulics, Subramanya
Prejump depth, y1, assumed 0.07775546 m
F1=q/(y13/2*g1/2) 4.123
RHS= (-3+(1+8*F12)1/2)3/(F12/3*(-1+(1+8*F12)1/2)) 23.986 Check= 16.0054403
Therefore, y1 = 0.078 m

Ef1 y1+q2/(y12*2*g)
Ef1 0.739 m
Ef2 Ef1 -HL
Ef2=y2+(q2/(y22*2*g) = 0.539 m
Post jump depth, y2 = {-1+(1+8F12)1/2}*y1/2 0.416
Check for headloss, HL: 0.29943726 0.2
Final values:
y1 = 0.078
y2 = 0.416
Ef1 = 0.739
Ef2 = 0.539
Ef1-Ef2 = 0.200 0.2 OK

GE = H/dx1/
= (H/(xGExd))
2

= ((2-1)2-1)0.5
GE = 0.2
d= 1
H= 0.604
= 0.925027
= #VALUE!