Name: .. ( ) Class: 18S0.....

Raffles Institution
Year 5 H2 Chemistry 2017 1
Term 4 Chem Focus: Chemical Bonding

1 Copper and iodine are both shiny crystalline solids.

Which forces exist between particles in solid copper and between neighbouring iodine molecules
in solid iodine?

copper iodine
A ionic bonds covalent bonds
B ionic bonds van der Waals forces
C metallic bonds covalent bonds
D metallic bonds van der Waals forces

2 The melting point of calcium, 839 oC, is much higher than the melting point of sodium, 98 oC.
Which statement is most relevant in explaining this difference?

A The calcium atom is larger than the sodium atom.

B The calcium atom is heavier than the sodium atom.
C The calcium ion, Ca2+, has a higher charge than the sodium ion, Na+.
D The calcium ion, Ca2+, contains more electrons than the sodium ion, Na+.

3 Which row about bonds and bonds in hydrocarbons is correct?

bonds bonds
can be formed by either s or can be formed by either s or
A
p orbitals p orbitals
can be formed by either s or can be formed by p orbitals but
B
p orbitals not s orbitals
can be formed by p orbitals but can be formed by s orbitals but
C
not s orbitals not p orbitals
can be formed by s orbitals but can be formed by p orbitals but
D
not p orbitals not s orbitals

4 Which compound has the greatest total number of lone pairs of electrons in the valence shells of
all of its atoms?

A CH3Cl B CO2 C N2H4 D NH4CN

1
5 C2N is a very unstable molecule and not found naturally on Earth.
Assume that this molecule
has a carboncarbonnitrogen sequence of atoms,
has two bonds,
is linear.
What could be the number of lone pairs of electrons and unpaired electrons present in one
molecule of C2N?

lone pairs of electrons unpaired electrons

A 1 1
B 1 2
C 2 1
D 3 0

6 Propyne, C3H4, has the following structure.

HCCCH3
Which row correctly describes the bonding and hybridisation in a molecule of propyne?

number of bonds number of sp C atoms number of sp2 C atoms

A 1 1 1
B 2 2 0
C 2 2 1
D 3 3 0

7 A stable molecule containing atoms of the elements, X, Y and Z has the following structure.

Which one of the following is a possible combination of elements?

X Y Z
A B C H
B N P Cl
C O S Cl
D P N F

2
8 In which sequence are the molecules quoted in order of increasing bond angle within the
molecule?

1 H2O NH3 CH4

2 H2O SF6 BF3
3 CH4 CO2 SF6

A 1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1 only

9 Which types of intermolecular forces can exist between neighbouring urea molecules?

1 hydrogen bonding
2 permanent dipole-permanent dipole forces
3 instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces

A 1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1 only

10 2-Methylpropan-1-ol, (CH3)2CHCH2OH, and butan-1-ol, CH3(CH2)3OH are constitutional isomers.

2-Methylpropan-1-ol has a lower boiling point than butan-1-ol.
Which statement explains why the boiling point of 2-methylpropan-1-ol is lower than that of
butan-1-ol?

A 2-Methylpropan-1-ol cannot form hydrogen bonds.

B 2-Methylpropan-1-ol has weaker covalent bonds than butan-1-ol.
C 2-Methylpropan-1-ol molecules have more surface area than butan-1-ol molecules.
D 2-Methylpropan-1-ol has weaker instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces than
butan-1-ol.

3
11 Which of the following statements about the properties associated with ionic and covalent bonds
is correct?

A Any covalent compound that contains both oxygen and hydrogen in its molecule forms
hydrogen bonds.
B The only covalent compounds with high melting points are those in which hydrogen
bonds occur.
C Ionic bonds and covalent bonds cannot both occur in the same compound.
D Ionic compounds differ from metals in that ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in
the solid state.

12 From the position of the elements in the Periodic Table and the physical properties of the
compounds, which compounds are covalent?

1 (CH3)2SiCl2 b.p. 70 oC
2 GeCl4 b.p. 86 oC
3 AlBr3 b.p. 265 oC

A 1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1 only

13 Carbon monoxide, CO, reacts with boron hydride, BH3, at high pressure to give the compound
H3BCO, in which carbon is bonded to both boron and oxygen.
Draw a dot-and-cross diagram showing the bonding in H3BCO, clearly indicating any co-ordinate
(dative covalent) bonds it contains.

14 (i) Outline the principles of the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory.
(ii) Although they have similar formulae, the following three compounds have differently
shaped molecules.
BF3 NF3 ClF3
Predict and explain their shapes, using diagrams where appropriate.

15 Explain the following comparisons in terms of the types of intermolecular forces and how they
arise. Use diagrams where appropriate to illustrate your answer.

(i) The boiling point of ethane, C2H6, (89 oC) is higher than that of methane, CH4, (164 oC).
(ii) The boiling point of methanol, CH3OH, (65 oC) is higher than that of ethane.

End of Worksheet