Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
There are many controversial topics arising now a days in the United States but one of the
oldest and most talked about is your body, your choice or as it is best known abortion.
Scientist cant seem to make up their mind and get together to make a clear decision to whether a
mass of cells is a human being or not. This issue has been expressed and discussed through many
medias, one of them is scientific writings and another one is pamphlets from anti-abortion
groups. In Dianne N. Irvings Journal WHEN DO HUMAN BEINGS BEGIN? It explains step
by step the developments of human life in a very scientific tone. In the hand out created by the
Illinois right to life organization it shows step by step the creation of life. These genres will be
The first genre is a Journal by (Irving, 1999) The purpose of this journal is to inform
people of the facts of when human life begins, how it happens, and what process the cells have to
undergo before they become a human. The intended audience of the Journal are scholarly people
with an interest in science and human creation, maybe womens right activist who want to be
more educated about the subject of conception and prolife activist who would like to know how
The second genre is a handout by an Illinois organization with information about the
beginnings of life which includes pictures and little quotes from scientist, magazines, books,
where each states that life begins at conception. The audience for the handout are mainly women
who are planning on having an abortion or seeking information on this type of medical
3
procedure. These handouts are mainly given by prolife protesters outside of abortion clinics,
These two genres are different, because one is a journal and to find it the reader would
have to be doing some research to come across with it. To be able to fully understand the first
genre the reader has to have certain scientific knowledge, since it is written with specialized
vocabulary and with a strategic layout. There has to be interest in the subject to find and finish
this reading. The difference with the second genre is that the reader doesnt need more than basic
English to understand it. The handout is pretty self-explanatory and short. It is front and back and
has a few quotes on both sides from well-known sources. It even has pictures of an egg and
sperm coming together, of a fetus forming and at the very bottom it has a web site and phone
Both genres have as a purpose to educate the reader or their audience about the beginning
of life and try to teach them that life begins at conception. These two genres show this
information differently. In the journal the writer uses very complicated scientific terms and the
purpose isnt to persuade the reader into changing her mind about certain beliefs she might have.
The writer talks about the processes the male and female bodies go through before they become
fertile and before they start producing eggs and sperms that can create another human being. It
talks about when sperm and egg meet and the process that starts there to start forming all those
cells to create another life. The second genre uses very basic language it is just a collection of
organization in different fonts and a different tone that is appealing to the audience. It has a few
pictures so the reader gets the idea and can imagine the baby forming, the baby inside them if it
4
is the case. This genre has a phone number at the bottom in case you have any questions or
mainly doubts about your decision where you can call and theyll give you support.
Rhetorical Issues
Both genres have rhetorical appeals, they are different depending on the genre.
Ethos
The first genre the writer has a M.A. Ph.D. so this is something that makes her a reliable
source, also the journal has many citations and sources to support her writing. In the second
genre the Illinois right to life uses quotes from other sources which are reliable to create the
handout.
Pathos
The first genre doesnt have any emotional appeal it is just talking about a scientific
subject and nothing more. The second genre wants to make the reader feel a little emotional
towards the life of a baby mentioning abortion killing your baby several times in the reading and
Logos
The first genre used logos throughout the whole reading keeping it very scientific
interesting to the readers it was meant for. The writer gave enough facts and support to all the
information within the piece and disproving myths. The second genre gives facts but without
support.
Both genres were different but the information in both was the same. The first genre
began with the question of when does a human being begin? And the second genre with when
does human life begin? Both of these questions where similar questions. The presentation of the
material affects the information because both genres serve a different purpose. one might help a
politician from deciding a new law, when the other might help a pregnant women make a
Conclusion
Both genres were very good at educating about the topic of the beginning of life. The first
genre was more complicated and for a more educated person, the second genre helped
understand the whole idea of the first genre with the pictures and quotes even if it was short and
simple. Each of these genres are here to teach readers that life really begins with just a clump of
cells. People who say my body, my choice should prevent that egg and that sperm from
becoming a clump of cells because then it becomes another body and another human.
6
Reference
https://www.princeton.edu/~prolife/articles/wdhbb.html
http://illinoisrighttolife.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/When-does-life-begin-1-1.jpg
http://illinoisrighttolife.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/When-does-life-begin-2.jpg