QA Homework 1 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)

y
Exercise (i) y = 3x-2
2.1 (i) y = 3x-2
if x = 0 ; y = -2
if y = 0 ; x = 0.67 x
0.666666667 0 0.67 1

a) function increase if x increase (vice versa)

-2

b) there is no local or global maximum and

minimum this is linear function
y
(ii) y = -2x
if x= 0 ; y = 0
if y = 0 ; x = 0
because the slope is negatif the figure will be
x
transpose (flip)
0 (ii) y = -2x
a) since the function not have any intercept, so
there is no way this function can increase or (ii) y = -2x
decrease
b) there is no local or global maximum and
minimum this is linear function y
(iii) y = x^2 + 1
if x = 0 ; y = 1 (iii) y = x^2 + 1
if y = 0 ; x = 1 or -1
a) this function will increase if the value of y
increase (vice versa)
1
b) this function has global minimum point, no
0 x
local minimum point
-1 1

(iv) y = x^3 +x
if x= 0 ; y = 0 y
if y = 0 ; x = 0
since the slope is positive the figure will be from (iv) y = x^3 +x
the left to the right
a) the function will increase if the value of x
0 x
increase
b) there is no local or global maximum and
minimum
y
(v) y = x^3 - x
if x = 0 ; y = 0 (iv) y = x^3 -x
if y= 0 ; X= 0
since the slope is negative the figure will be
transpose (flip) x
a) the function will decrease if the value of x is 0
decrease (negative function)
b) there is no local or global maximum and
minimum this is linear function

(vi) y = |x|
I am sorry sir, I am not really sure what is it
mean, I try to look at on youtube it is like nothing
appear. May you want to explain later in the
class during meeting 2.
QA Homework 1 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise
1. Consumption Function c = a + bY 2.
Keynessian Aggregate Expenditure AE = C +
a. two functions in economics I + G + (X-M)
function is increasing if derivative
2.2 model that naturally increasing
is positive
function

1. Investment Function I I i; 0
2. Marginal Utility Function

b. two functions in economics

function is decreasing if derivative I I i; 0
model that naturally decreasing
is negative
function

Total Profit Function y = /p + (w/p)x note:

actually I want to use product life cycle as an
example but I cannot find the function of PLC
c. one function in economics model
function is increasing and
that would probably change from
decreasing in the certain parabolic
increasing to decreasing

note: According to Soni, R. S. (1996)

increasing and decreasing function
together are named monotonic
functions , this function will not
change their direction within the
range
QA Homework 1 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise Question
2.8 (a) slope = 2 ; y intercept (0,3)
(b) slope -3 ; y intercept (0,0)
(c) slope = 4 ; goes through (1,1)
Note: I am not sure about the
words gies through, is it equal to
intercep?
(d) slope = -2 ; goes throih (2, -2)
(e) goes through (2,3) and (4,5)
(f) goes through (2, -4) and (0,3)
Answer
y = ax+b, which a = slope and b is intercept then y =
2x +b ; (x,y) --> (0,3) so if y = 3 ; x = 0
3 = 2 (0) +b --> b = -3
the function --> y = 2x -3
y = ax+b, which a = slope and b is intercept then y = -
3x +b ; (x,y) --> (0,0) so if y = 0 ; x = 0
0 = -3 (0) +b --> b = 0
the function --> y = -3x
y = ax+b, which a = slope and b is intercept then y =
4x +b ; (x,y) --> (1,1) so if y = 1 ; x = 1
1 = 4 (1) +b --> b = - 3
the function --> y = 4x - 3
y = ax+b, which a = slope and b is intercept then y = -
2x +b ; (x,y) --> (2,-2) so if y = -2 ; x = 2
-2 = -2 (2) +b --> b = 2
the function --> y = -2x + 2
slope a = (y2-y1)/(x2-x1); x1=2, y1=3, x2= 4, y2=5
a = (5-3)/(4-2) = 1 ; y = x+b --> substract the point
(2,3) --> 3 = 2+b --> b = 1 --> y= x+1
slope a= (y2-y1)/(x2-x1); x1=2, y1=-4, x2= 0, y2=3
a = (3+4)/(0-2) = -7/2 ; y = x+b --> substract the point
(0,3) --> 3 = -7/2 (0) +b --> b = 3
y= -7/2x + 3
QA Homework 1 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise Question Answer
a F (q) is the revenue from producing q units of Total Revenue Function
2.9 output
b G(x) is the cost of purchasing x units of some Total Cost Function
commodity
c H(p) is the ammount of the commodity Demand and Supply Function
consumed when its price is p

d C(Y) is the total national consumption when Aggregate Consumption Function

national incom is Y

e S(Y) is the total national saving when national Aggregate Saving Function
income is Y
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QA Homework 2 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise
2.12 (a) f(x) = x^2; x0=3 y
f`(x) = 2x
f`(3) = 6 slope (a) = 6 f(x) = x^2
f(3) = 3^2 x0= 3 y = 6x-9
f(3) = 9 y=9 9
y= ax+b Line through (3,9)
9=6(3)+b
0 x
9=18+b 3
b= -9
y=6x-9

(b) f(x) = x/(x^2+2) ; x0 = 1

f'(x) = (x^2+2) - (x)(2x)/((x^2+2)^2)
f'(x) = (x^2+2) - (2x^2)/((x^2+2)^2) y
f'(x) = (x^2+2 - 2x^2)/((x^2+2)^2)
f'(x) = (2-x^2)/((x^2+2)^2) f(x) y=1/3x-2/9
if x0 = 1 x0= 1
f'(1) = (2-1^2)/((1^2+2)^2)
1/3
f'(1) = (2-1)/((1+2)^2)
f'(1) = 1/((3)^2)
0 x
f'(1) = 1/9 1
slope (a) = 1/9
f(1) = 1/(1^2+2)
f(1) = 1/(1+2)
f(1)=1/3 y=1/3
y= ax+b Line through (1,1/3)
1/3 = 1/9 (1) +b
1/3 = 1/9 +b
1/3= 1/9+b
b= 1/3- 1/9
b=-2/9
y=1/3x-2/9
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QA Homework 2 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise
2.14
QA Homework 2 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Proof Equation powered by: Math Magic Application for Windows
QA Homework 2 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise
3.1 (a) f(x)= x^3+3x y
f'(x) = 3x^2+3
positive slope = increasing f(x)= x^3+3x
if f(0) ; y = 0 6
if f(1) ; y = 6
if f(-1) ; y = -4

-1 0 x
1
-4

(b) f(x)= x^4-8x^3+18x^2-11 y f(x)= x^4-8x^3+18x^2-11

f'(x)= 4x^3-24x^2+36x 16
f'(x)= 4x(x^2-6x+9) f'(x)= 4x(x-3)^2
f'(x)= 4x(x-3)^2
if x = 0-3 f will be
increasing ; if x<0 f
will be decreasing
critical point: -1 0 1 x'= 3
x
if f(0) ; y = -11
if f(1) ; y = 0
if f(-1) ; y = 16 -11
if f'(3) ; y' = 12
f(x)= 1-8+18-11
note: there is found saddle point in this function

(c) f(x)=1/3x^3+9x+3 y f(x)=1/3x^3+9x+3

f'(x)=x^2+9 12.33
positive slope = increasing
if f(0) ; y = 3
if f(1) ; y = 12 1/3 3
if f(-1) ; y = -6 1/3

-1 0 1
x

-6.33

(d) f(x)=x^7-7x y f(x)=x^7-7x

f'(x)=7x^6-7
if f'(0) ; y' =-7
if f(0) ; y=0
if f(-1) ; y= 6 6
if f(1) ; y=-6 -6 6
if f(2) ; y= 144 114
-1 1
x
if f(-2) ; y=-114 -114 0

local minimum =-6 -6

local maximum =6
positive f(x) -> increase
negative f(x) -> decrease
y
(e) f(x) = x^2/3
f'(x) = 2/3x^-1/3
there is no negative f(x) = x^2/3
(x) possible in this
funciton 1.59
1

if f(0) ; y=0 0 0 x
1 2
if f(1) ; y=1 1
if f(2) ; y= 1.59 1.587401

(f) f(x)= 2x^6-3x^4+2

y
f'(x)= 12x^5-12x^3
if f'(0) ; y'=0
if f(0) ; y=2 f(x) = f(x)= 2x^6-3x^4+2
if f(1) ; y=1 1
2
if f(-1) ; y= 1 1
if f(2) ; y=82 82
if f(-2) ; y=82 82 -1 0 x
1
global minimum= 1
negative value of x = positive value of x
QA Homework 3 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise 3.3
QA Homework 3 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise 3.5
y
Sketch a graph for following functions
a) f'(x) >0 for -4 <x <-2 and 2<x<4 Function c
the graph will stright line (since f'(x) = 0)
and have positive slope (f'(x) >0) Function a

b) f'(x) <0 for -~ <x <-4, -2 and 2 and 4 <x< ~

the graph will stright line (since f'(x) = 0)
and have negative slope (f'(x) <0)

c) f''(x) > 0 for -~ <x <-3 and 0 <x< 3

the graph will either concave or convex (since f''(x) = 0)
since it have positive slope (f''(x) >0). it is convex function
x
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
d) f''(x) < 0 for -3 <x < 0 and 3 <x< ~
the graph will either concave or convex (since f''(x) = 0)
since it have negative slope (f''(x) <0). it is concave function b2

Function d
Function b
QA Homework 3 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise 3.9
Step 1: compute f'(x)
Step 2: f'(x)=0 , Find Critical Point
Step 3: compute f''(x)
Step 4: put critical point to function f''(x)
Step 5: if the value of f''(x)<0 it is maximum
Step 5: if the value of f''(x)>0 it is minimum
Step 6: put critical point to function f(x)
Step 7: Check the end point to f(x)
QA Homework 3 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise 3.11
QA Homework 3 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise 3.15
p MC AC

0.17
x
0.79 1 2
QA Homework 3 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise 3.17
a) Optimal revenue show if MR(x) = MC(x)

p MC AC

a
MR=AR

x
xo x*
The rectangle x0,a,x* on figure above show firm optimal revenue at x= x*

b) AC(x)=C(x)/x and C(x)=AC(x).x

p MC AC

MR=AR

x
xo x*

The rectangle xo,b,x* on figure above show total Cost of Output x*

c) Firm optimal profit= R(x*)-C(x*)

p MC AC

a
MR=AR
b c

x
xo x*

The rectangle a,b,c on figure above show the firm optimal profit at x= x*
QA Homework 3 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise 3.18
Prove that the point elasticity is -1 exactly at the middle point of the linear demand in figure 3.20

=0
b

= 1

=
x
a/2b a/b
QA Homework 3 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise 3.19
is this function x= F(p)= kp^-r ; k,r >0 called constant elasticity demand function?
compute the point of elasticity
x= F(p)= kp^-r

this funciton called constant elasticity of demand because if f(p)=kp^-r elasticity of demand will be equal to -r
QA Homework 3 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
Exercise 3.21
QA Homework 5 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
QA Homework 5 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
QA Homework 5 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
QA Homework 5 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
QA Homework 5 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
y= 3(5^x)
5.2
a) x y= 5^x
-3 0.008
-2 0.04
-1 0.2 y= 0.2^x y= 5^x
0 1
1 5 y
2 25
3 125

200
b x y= 0.2^x
-3 125
150
-2 25
-1 5
100
0 1
1 0.2
50
2 0.04
3 0.008 y= 1^x
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
c x y= 3(5^x) x
-3 0.024
-2 0.12
-1 0.6
0 3
1 15
2 75
3 375

d x y= 1^x
-3 1
-2 1
-1 1
0 1
1 1
2 1
3 1
QA Homework 5 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
5.3
QA Homework 5 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
5.5
QA Homework 5 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
5.6
how long does it takes A dollars deposited in a bank account
to pay interest at rate r compounded continuously

you need to deposited your money in a bank account on ln3/r period

QA Homework 5 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
5.7
how quickly will $500 grow to $600 (growing 20%)
if r= 5% compounded continuously
QA Homework 5 (Dwitya Aribawa 6019432)
5.8
Compute first and second derivatives of functions