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Department of Education
LUN PADIDU NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Senior High School Department
Humanities and Social Sciences
______________________________________________________________________________
in fulfillment of the requirements for Practical Research 1 under Humanities and Social Science
with the supervision of
By
Celso Quiapo
Reylan Bastida
September 2017
0
CHAPTER I
PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
INTRODUCTION
Bullying in its various forms is one of the new emerging problems that many children
and teenagers have to face daily at school or while practicing extracurricular activities away from
their parents view and protection. Bullying is becoming an increasingly important problem for
parents, school administrators and teachers, and it affects our society at large.
Bullying in schools is a worldwide problem that can have negative consequences for the
general school climate and for the right of students to learn in a safe environment without fear.
Bullying is when a student is exposed, repeatedly and over time, to negative actions on the part
between the bully and the victim based on physical size, strength, age or social status. Bullying is
the intentional, repetitive harming or injury by ones peers; they are occurrences in which the
victim is unable to avoid or stop the victimization (Brank et al, 2012). Bully and victimization
have emerged as persistent problems in our schools (Rose et al, 2012). One in three adolescent
students in Canadian schools have reported being bullied (Government of Canada, 2012).
Many cases in United States proves that bullying is a serious and harmful thing to an
students committed suicide every 3 months, 33.8% are the persons that are bullied in social
media, 48.7% are bullied in school and 17.5% are bullied in home. (According to Minnesota
University) United States are taking noticed of this problem. In particular, students need to be
motivated and guided in order for them to cope with this problem.
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Wolfe (2013) stated that the person or a student who bullies are also the one that is
bullied by others. General concern about the bullying and its effect has been evident for the last
40 years. The current debate among scholars is what students should do to cope being bullied.
The discussion emphasizes new ideas and techniques to produce individuals who can understand
and apply motivation to the bullied. A central and persisting issue is how to provide motivations,
help, care, and solution that will help the bullied student achieve her/his goal in life with
different abilities and strategies to surpass. This innovative instructional approaches and
techniques should be developed to ensure that bullied students become successful in their goal
and dreams.
In the Philippines, The Republic Act 10627 or the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 was signed
into law by Former President Benigno Aquino III on September 6, 2013. The law requires all
Lun Padidu National High School Adopt this kind of law and its implemented due to
public issue about bullying. The most commonly being bullied students are the LGBT students or
Thus, this study seeks to explain the effect of bullying in the academic performance of
The main objective of this study is to determine the effect of bullying to the Academic
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1. What is the effect of bullying to the Academic Performance of Grade 12 Students?
2. What are the forms of bullying that the students experienced?
3. How the students cope with the forms of bullying?
4. What Program of the school to be enhance and to be use to combat bullying?
The result of this study are hoped to be very useful to the number of persons specifically:
Teachers. The result of this study will serves as their guide in giving the students support
as they know the result of effect of bullying to the Academic Performance of the Students. It will
Students. The result of this study will give an insight to the students about the effect of
bullying to their Academic Performance. This group may use this study as an example to bear in
their mind they are more luckier than those who are bullied even life is very struggling because
of economic problems, they are still send in the school to learn by their parents, thus will
challenge to them and enabling them to perform well in class, study harder to upgrade their
knowledge and intelligence so that the difficulties experienced by their parents in sending them
Parents. This would help them in creating ideas that will help their children cope to the
effect of bullying in their Academic Performance. It will also help them in guiding their children
and help them handle themselves. So that the parents will be able to know that they should have
a sense of dedication and devotion to duty as parents in implementation of some strategies for
the development of their kids although they experienced being bullied or those who committed
bullying to bring them in a state that they can be proud to be the parents even of those who
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Administrators and Staff. The outcomes of this study will give them new ideas on how
they are going to handle the students that are bullied. This will serves as their guide in handling
the students and know the possible effects of bullying affecting the Academic Performance of the
Students.
Future Researchers. The finding of this study will be serving as a good source of
The cost of educating a child is tremendous, it matters not so much, how much our
government spends for every child provided that the child finishes the school year successfully.
What is deplorable to not is the enormous number of school leaves every year. When a child
leaves school before attaining functional literacy, much of our effort, time and money go down
the drain. He do not acquire the needed skills for a productive and favorable life.
Usually, majority of the out of school youth because of bullying effects becomes the sick
of our society, they will become delinquent, they have a rebellious spirits, in this regards the
researchers want to know through this study what are the behavioral development of our of
Future teachers. The result of this study will help them deeply understand what is the
reason why bullied students affects their Academic Performance. It will help them formulates
children and youth in the community it enables them further to adopt precautionary measures or
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This study was delimited 0n the effect of bullying in the academic performance of
students. The researcher conducted the study to the area which has a huge number of bullied
students. The school constitute to those bullied students in Brgy. Lun Padidu Malapatan,
Sarangani Province.
Researcher take 30 appointed students as their respondents at Lun Padidu National High
School. Located at Purok Malinawon, Brgy. Lun Padidu Malapatan, Sarangani Province. In this
DEFINITION OF TERMS
The following terms in the study are being define operationally for a deeper and cleaner
intimidation," the term may generally apply to any life experience where one is motivated
primarily by intimidation instead of by more positive goals such as mutually shared interests and
benefits. Refers to the main topic or problem in the study. This includes different kinds of
bullying like cyber-bullying and etc. This problem affects the Academic Performance of the
performance and knowledge in different subjects. It is their point of average in different subjects
student, teacher or institution has achieved their short or long-term educational goals.
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Cumulative GPA and completion of educational degrees such as High School and bachelor's
harassed, humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise targeted by another child, preteen or teen using
CHAPTER II
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter shows the Conceptual Framework displayed in figure 1 which is the primary
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
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The Conceptual Framework showed in figure 1 presents the link of variables of the
related study. The variables of the study are (1.) The Bullying in school and (2.) The effect in
Thus, this will be the basis for the progress of the study to identify and determine the
Students.
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The literature provides insight into how bullying is defined and the factors that need to be
considered when defining it. The literature also gives information on student experiences,
highlighting the barriers and challenges for students with or without exceptionalities. It also
provides information on professional recommendations for teachers in terms of their beliefs and
practices.
Bullying
bully and the victim that occurs largely in the context of the peer group. Bullying is identified as
one of the most prominent problems faced by children in the education system, as well as one of
often unspoken, painful part of childhood (Mishna, 2009). In Canada, reported rates of bullying
vary from about 15% to 25% of students being bullied. Recognition of the seriousness of
bullying has led to the accumulation of a large body of research. Norwegian researcher Dan
victimization or bullying empirical research began, or at the very least grew, with the focus of
Olweus in the late 1970s. Much of the early research was conducted outside the US and focused
on overt bullying, but the research has expanded into a much broader scope. Olweus states that
approximately 15% of students are bullied regularly. It has been demonstrated that bullying is
unpredictable, occurs in all types of schools, is more prevalent in early adolescence, and may
have lifelong consequences Bullying and Academic Success (Olweus et al. 2012).
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Nansel and colleagues published the first large-scale study of bullying in the United
States in 2000. After surveying 15,000 adolescents, found the prevalence of student involvement
high, with nearly 30% of students reporting experiences of bullying. The authors also found a
In understanding how prevalent the issue of bullying is among students with disabilities,
experts agree that children with disabilities are harassed by peers at higher rates than their peers
emotional health and well-being, and ability to reach their true potential. Victimization can also
hinder a students ability to learn in the school environment and can impede on the ability of
students with disabilities to obtain the education critical to their development (Raskauskas &
Modell, 2011).
They tend to lack friends and to be rejected by peers. These children report feeling afraid in
school, reacting negatively toward school, and consequently avoiding school more often than
their peers. Students who reported that they did not feel safe and that they did not belong at
school were more likely to be involved in bullying. Children who said they were sad most days
had higher odds of being either bullies or victims. Lower achievement scores were associated
with being a victim or bully-victim. Students who are involved in bullying have decreased
motivation and their grades may thus deteriorate (Mishna et al., 2009).
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Research on the effect of bullying to the academic performance of students has also
considered the relationship with academic achievement and school adjustment. Woods and
Wolke (2009) state that effects of bullying is predominantly assessed by standardized scores
that are comparable across classes and school, but does not take into account individual bullying
roles within classes. A study done by Schwartz (2009) they considered that the academic
behavior and school adjustment of children over the first year of school life and reported that
rejected children had less promising school perceptions, significantly higher levels of school
avoidance and considerably lower school performance (as cited in Woods & Wolke, 2009)
Previous literature supports the hypothesis that bullying impairs concentration and
subsequent academic achievement in victims specifically. Victims of bullying may lose interest
in learning and experience a drop in academic grades because their attention is distracted from
learning. Studies have found that male victims of bullying have lower academic grades. Nine in
10 victims of bullying experienced a decline in academic grades (Ma, Stewin & Mah, 2009).
Olweus describes victims as socially weak, shy, and anxious (as cited in Brank et al,
2012). They are more emotionally distraught and socially ostracized. Victims may also perform
more poorly in school and avoid school in order to avoid victimization. Experiencing
victimization can lead to poor academic performance and attachment to school, leading to
absenteeism and bad test scores. Students may avoid school to escape victimization. Being the
victim of bullying can lead to a heightened risk of psychological side effects, such as depression,
suicidal attempts and ideation, and poor self-esteem. Skapinakis et al. (2011) found that victims
were more likely to report suicidal thoughts than were bullies. These negative psychological
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Victimization experiences serve as a foundation for school adjustment problems bullying
experiences affect victims adaptive functioning and academic achievement in both direct and
indirect ways. More bullying predicted lower levels of standardized achievement scores and
grade point averages. Predictive associations between peer victimization and academic
difficulties were partly accounted for by increased levels of depression (Espinoza et al, 2011).
The most frequently tested indirect model believes that emotional distress caused by
negative peer encounters inhibits learning and performance. In other words, it is assumed that a
student who is victimized by peers becomes worried about getting ridiculed or beaten up and
therefore stops participating in class or has trouble concentrating on the academic tasks. Overall,
they found that students who are more bullied were more likely to receive lower grades and
engage in less academic tasks than did other students (Espinoza et al, 2011)
A recent study reported that children who exhibited poor academic performance in school
tended to emerge as frequent targets of bullying (Woods & Wolke, 2009). However, it was only
the aggressive victims who were likely to be characterized by poor school performance. Woods
and Wolke (2009) posit that the relation between involvement and achievement is unclear: What
bullying involvement or whether being bullied leads to poorer school achievement, possibly
mediated by less participation in school. Their research and review of the literature reveals a
noticeable gap concerning the possible causal pathways between bullying behaviour and
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In defining what bullying is, many researchers have quoted Olweus work, which defines
bullying as occurring when a student is exposed to negative actions repeatedly and over time by
As Rose points out (2012), the problem with the repeated occurrence requirement is that
the waiting period heightens the negative effects on the victim, allows the bully to feel rewarded,
increases fear in onlookers, and makes intervention a more lengthy process. Therefore, more
diligence in acknowledging negative behaviors and language in the hallways and classrooms is
needed by staff and students. Perhaps by pointing out a one-time behavior, it will prevent it from
Affected students can also be separated into two distinct groups; passive victims and
provocative victims. Passive victims tend to have characteristics such as low self-concept and
physically smaller and weaker than other students and have ineffective social skills or poor
interpersonal skills. They will often internalize and blame themselves for any issues that arise
(Rose, 20012).
Provocative victims on the other hand, are far more assertive, confident, and active than
other victims and are noted for prolonging a fight even when they are losing. They are described
as volatile, aggressive, and create management problems at school. They have very few friends
Students may become victims partly due to their temperament and partly from learned
behaviors from their parents. The student may have a shy temperament and be hesitant to enter
social situations or lack social skills that encourage friendship building. Ross adds that in some
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cases there has been too much family involvement in the victims life, with a consequent
Literature Review of School Bullying 12 inability to handle situations on their own. As bullying
behaviors begin and then continue to happen to the students, their life becomes a rapid
downward spiral. Their grades drop, their self-esteem is lowered, their self-blame rises; the
longer it goes on the fewer friends they feel they have. Often because of students tendencies to
withdraw and avoid, they have not told a teacher or parent that the bullying is taking place,
further reducing any supports they might otherwise have. If students continues their feeling of
hopelessness will rise giving way for depression to set in. In extreme cases this is when the
victim could become suicidal, homicidal, or both. The long-term effects for victims of bullying
are social problems and self-esteem problems. As adults, they tend to have little skill or shy away
from social settings, are uncomfortable meeting new people, or may not trust new people. They
may also find themselves in familiar, abusive relationships, not having learned the skills to be
assertive.
Based on the research and characteristics common to children with Learning Disabilities
and children who are bullied, there is reason to believe that children with LD are at greater risk
of peer victimization. LD children and involvement in bullying each pose a risk for problems in
limited social awareness increases vulnerabilities in schools and makes them prone to
Academic problems lead to difficulties such as poor self-esteem, frustration, and other
barriers to developing social skills. These limitations hinder a students ability to interact and
communicate with other students, causing bullying and victimization to occur more often than
not. A finding from Mishnas study of children and youth in Bullying and Academic Success 15
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Ontario shows that children and youth with LD are more likely to be rejected and neglected by
their peers. Approximately 25% to 30% of students with LD are socially rejected, whereas 8% to
language skills, both syntactic and semantic; cognitive operations; and social processes, such as
social perception of nonverbal cues. Research indicates that LD children exhibit several
(Kaukiainen 2010).
Students in special education classes are victimized more often than those in more
inclusive settings. This outcome may be because isolation from the mainstream education
students can limit opportunities to learn social skills and develop a protective group of peers
with special needs are two to three times more at risk of being bullied. They may have particular
characteristics which make them an obvious target; mainstream settings are less well
integrated socially and lack the protection against bullying which friendship gives; and, those
with behavioural problems may act out in an aggressive way. Often just being different in a
noticeable way can put a student at risk for victimization (Rose et al, 2012).
Although several factors may make students with disabilities more vulnerable to
victimization, basic social skills instruction may decrease involvement. Overall, students
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Bullying and Academic Success 16 with disabilities must develop a sense of self-worth and
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter contains the methods and design used towards the topic of this research. The
chapter started in describing the design and processes used by researcher to make this research
possible. The informant are also being describe. The gathered data and information discussed
properly by the researcher. The chapter ends in analyzing the data, the trust and the ethical
consideration.
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RESEARCH DESIGN
17
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
This research will be using random selection method in choosing the respondents. It
comprises Thirty (30) appointed students in over one Hundred Fifty Senior High School Students
LOCALE OF STUDY
This study will be conducted in Lun Padidu National High School in Prk. Malinawon,
Lun Padidu Malapatan Sarangani Province Philippines, composed of Muslims (25%), Christians
(40%) and blaans (40%). The commonly source of income of the people in Lun Padidu are
farming and fishing, hence it is near by the sea and the land is good for farming agricultural
products.
STRATEGIC SAMPLING
This study will used the probability types of sampling so that everyone has the chance to
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The researcher took three (3) days to collect the needed information. On the first (1st) day,
the researcher prepared and submitted letters to the principal of the school. Upon approval, the
researcher distributed the consents from the students to ensure ethical consideration.
Second (2nd) day, the forms and approval are collected. All of the selected students signed
from the forms which signified their approval to participate in the research.
Third (3rd) day, actual conducted happened, where the researcher give the questionnaires
and interview the teacher on the academic performance of the students. In other to facilitate
efficient process, he or she explain the objective personally for the students- upon answering the
After the gathering the needed data, the data were encode and the data files were
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
Donath (2007) gave emphasizes to the issue of rights and privacy of the author, especially
to the online books or literature that has been proclaimed or published such as the generated
conversation is obviously may affect the integrity and principle that we hope to retained and
observed.
In this study, the names, details and personal information of the respondents will be
treated as confidential and will be held by the researcher with care in their full best. We will
make sure that their names while analyzing the gathered data.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
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The researcher used questionnaire in gathering the needed data for this study. The
technical assistance of the expert validates are necessary to ensure the appropriate and correct
data. A guide was also conducted to established rehabilitee on the said questionnaires.
The first part of the questionnaires was called the bullying affect table. It was formulated
by the researcher in reference to the ideas insights of various authors cited in the literature based
on reading. It consisted ten (10) items designated contextually to enumerate the effect of bullying
Second part is to gather the data using qualitative questions that regarding on the effect of
The last part is the question that describes the reasons why students are being bullied by
their co-students.
REFERENCES
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Beran, T., Hughes, G. & Lupart, J. (2008). A model of achievement and bullying: analyses of the
Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth data. Educational Research,
50(1), 25-39.
Brank, E., Hoetger, L. & Hazen, K. (2012). Bullying. Annual Review of Law and Social Science,
8, 213-230.
Carter, B. & Spencer, V. (2009). The fear factor: bullying and students with disabilities.
International Journal of Special Education, (21)1, 11-23.
Glew, G., Fan, M., Katon, W., Rivara, F. & Kernic, M. (2010). Bullying, psychosocial
adjustment, and academic performance in elementary school. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med,
159(11), 1026-1031.
Juvonen, J., Yueyan W., & Espinoza, G. (2011). Bullying experiences and compromised
academic performance across middle school grades. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 31(1),
152-173.
Kaukiainen, A., Salmivalli, C., Lagerspetz, K., Tamminen, M., Vauras, M., Mki, H. &
Poskiparta, E. (20010). Learning difficulties, social intelligence, and self-concept: Connections
to bully-victim problems. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 43(3), 269-278.
Olweus, D. (2012). Bullying at school: knowledge base and an effective intervention program.
Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 794, 265276.
Ma, X., Stewin, L. L. & Mah, D. L. (2009). Bullying in school: Nature, effects and
remedies. Research Papers in Education, 16(3), 247-270.
Mishna, F. (2009). Learning disabilities and bullying. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 36(4),
336-347.
Raskauskas, J. & Modell, S. (2011). Modifying anti-bullying programs to include students with
disabilities. Teaching Exceptional Children, 44(1), 60-67.
Rose, C. & Monda-Amaya, L. (2012). Bullying and victimization among students with
disabilities: effective strategies for classroom teachers. Intervention in School and Clinic, 48(2),
99-107.
Schwartz, D., Farver, J. M., Chang, L., & Lee-Shin, Y. (2002). Victimization in South Korean
childrens peer groups. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30, 113 125.
Skapinakis, P., Bellos, S., Gkatsa, T., Magklara, K., Lewis, G., et al. (2011). The association
between bullying and early stages of suicidal ideation in late adolescents in Greece. BMC
Psychiatry, 11, 19.
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Woods, S. & Wolke, D. (2009). Direct and relational bullying among primary school children
and academic achievement. Journal of School Psychology, 42(2), 135- 155.
APPENDIX 1
Republic of the Philippines
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Department of Education
Division of Sarangani
Malapatan District III
Lun Padidu National High School
September 26 2017
Maam,
The Researcher are the grade 12 students of Lun Padidu National High School, currently
undertaking a research entitled THE EFFECT OF BULLYING TO THE ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE OF GRADE 12 STUDENTS IN LUN PADIDU NATIONAL HIGH
SCHOOL. In partial fulfillment of requirements on Practical Research 1.
In connection withe this, the researcher would like to ask permission from your office for
allowing us to conduct a survey in the Senior High School Students in your school.
We are looking forward that this request would merit your positive response. Thank you so much
and more power!
Truly yours,
Reylan Bastida
Celso Quiapo
Noted by:
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Name (Optional): ____________________________________________
Directions: Put check ( / ) if you are agree that the following is the effect of
bullying. Use the table below to corresponds to your answer.
4. Embarrassment
5. Self-pity
6. Not Interested
to Study
7. Always Absent
in School
8. Lack of Focus
9. Confuse
10. Laziness
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Directions: The following are statements that include the effect of Bullying in the
Academic Performance of Grade 12 Students. Answer the questions in the space
provided.
1) What is your feeling when you are being bullied by your classmate?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
2) What responds will you do when you are bullied by your co-students?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
3) What do you think is the reason why are you being bullied by your classmate?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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