Board Problem in Chemistry

Chemical Engineering Board Problems
Physical and Chemical Principles
General Chemistry
1. Board Problem, January 1974
A. Write the type of formula
_______1. Paraffin hydrocarbon _______6. Aldehydes
_______2. Olefin series _______7. Ketones
_______3. Acetylene Series _______8. Organic acids
_______4. Organic alcohols _______9. Amine
_______5. Ethers ______10. Amide
B. Write the structural formula and its derivatives

_______1. Monochlorobenzene _______6. Naphthalene
_______2. Phenol _______7. Anthracene
_______3. Aniline _______8. Phenanthrene
_______4. Toluene _______9. O-cresol
_______5. O-xylene _______10. Nitrobenzene
C. Atom of an element with atomic mass=207 and atomic number=82. Determine:

_______1. Group number _______4. Normal valence
_______2. Period number _______5. Metallic or Non-metallic
_______3. Number of neutrons _______6. Acidic or basic
2. Board Problem, October 1977

A. Complete and balance the following equations
1. CaCO3 + H2SO4 = CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O
2. Zn + HCl = ZnCl2 + H2
3. Fe + CuSO4 = FeSO4 + Cu
4. KClO3 = KCl + O2
5. Cu2O + O2 = CuO
6. Na2CO3 + NaOH = NaCl + CO2 + H2O
B. Give the balance equation and material required to produce 200 g of O2.
1. KClO3 = KCl + O2
2. KNO3 = KNO2 + O2
3. HgO = Hg + O2
3. Board Problem, April 1978

A. What is the silver content of a 2 g silver coin which produces 1.66 g AgSCN precipitate?
B. What is the pH of 0.1M monoprotic acid solution which is 1.0% ionized?
C. How many ml of a 12 N HCl solution is needed to neutralize 100 ml of a 1.2M Ba (OH) 2

solution?

Calculate the empirical of a compound with the following composition: 22.8%Na, 21.7%B,
and 55.4% O.
Reviewer for ChE Board Examination 1

Compiled by Alejandra S. Susi
Photosynthesis is the reaction of CO2 and H2O in sunlight to form glucose and O2. For a 264
g CO2 and 108g H2O, calculate the weight of the products.
6. Board Problems October 1977

True or False
______1. O2 is the most abundant of the elements.
______2. Equal volumes of all gases under the same temperature and pressure contain the same
number of molecules.
______3. Valences of the same element could either be positive or negative.
______4. Ozone is the allotrope of O2.
______5. Metal and non-metal oxides react with water to form hydroxides.
______6. At T=K, the volume of gas varies inversely with pressure.
______7. The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas.
______8. In the triclinic crystal system, three axes of equal length intersect each other at oblique
angles.
______9. Chemical equilibrium is a state where reactions are opposite in effect and have the
same velocity.
_____10. Li, K, and Na are called alkali metals.
_____11. The periodic law states that properties of the chemical elements are periodic functions
of their atomic weights.
_____12. The atoms of the radioactive elements are complex and these integrate emitting alpha
and beta particles.
_____13. The atomic number of O2 is 8, 2 in the first shell and 6 in the second.
_____14. Transmutations cannot be caused by fast moving protons and deuterons.
_____15. Equal quantities of a pH 2 acid and pH 12 base always give a pH 7 solution.
_____16. Arrhenius postulated that ionization of many solutes is practically complete in dilute
solutions.
_____17. The smelting of an ore is the production of the metal in the molten state by means of a
furnace process.
_____18. Metals are extracted from gangue in a blast furnace.
_____19. Limestone is a suitable flux for ores containing silica.
_____20. Metals cannot be separated from low grade ores by simple leaching process.

Matching type
_______1. Hydroxides a. RCOOR
_______2. Esters b. solutions of metallic oxides
_______3. Ethers c. ROR
_______4. Monohydric alcohol d. methanol
_______5. Synthetic detergents e. alkyl-aryl sulfonate
_______6. Dialysis f. substances that keep pH constant
_______7. Organic Acids g. same atomic mass different atomic number
_______8. Aldehydes h. molecular modifications
_______9. Isotopes i. chemically different but the same atomic mass
______10. Allotropes j. Extraction of solids from solution by diffusion

through membrane
k. RCHO
l. RCOOH

True or False
________1. In an exothermic reaction, heat is produced.
________2. In an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed.
________3. Elements combine or displace each other according to its equivalent weight.
________4. The Law of conservation is true for both mass and energy.
________5. Elements in a given group become less metallic with decrease in atomic
number.
________6. The temperature of a rapidly expanding gas goes up.
________7. Physical change does not alter composition.
________8. A base gives an alkaline solution.
________9. Diamond is an example of a covalent solid.
_______10. Cathode is negative.
_______11. An ionic solid conducts electricity in the molten state.
_______12. In the liquefaction of air, N2 liquefies first.
_______13. Activation energy is the minimum energy required for reaction.
_______14. Hydrocarbon contains only carbon and hydrogen.
_______15. Members of a homologue differ by CH2.
_______16. Isomers have the same composition and molecular weight.
_______17. The formula of a tertiary alcohol is R3COH.
_______18. The formula for ketone is R2O.
_______19. BOD means biochemical oxygen demand.
_______20. Anaerobic means without oxygen.
9. Board Problem January 1974

Matching Type
________1. Isomer a. Products of 2 different polymerizing units.
________2. Polymer b. Synthetic rubber
________3. Lucite c. Cotton
________4. Isoprene d. Synthetic silk
________5. Co-polymer e. Viscous process
________6. Cellulose f. Sugar
________7. Photosynthesis g. Plexi glass
________8. Fructose h. Meta; Ortho; Para
________9. Cellophane i. Polyvinyl chloride
_______10. Nylon j. Light to chemical energy
10. Board Problem May 1982

Write the chemical formula of the reactants, the products formed. Complete and balance the
equation. Indicate the type of reaction or process involved.
1. Muriatic acid + Milk of lime
2. Brine + Electricity

3. Hydrated gypsum + Dry heat (400oC)
4. Ethyl alcohol + Acetic acid
5. Ethylene + Hydrogen (190oC)
11. Board Problem October 1979

Fill in the blanks
________1. Marsh gas.
________2. Product of alcohol and Aldehyde.
________3. Reaction between nitric acid and organic compounds.
________4. Reaction between sulfuric acid and organic compounds
________5. Industrial process of ammonia manufacturing.
________6. Wood alcohol.
________7. Common name of carbon tetrachloride.
________8. Alcohol from sugar fermentation.
________9. Group common to aldehydes and ketones
_______10. Compounds that twist the polarized light to the right.
_______11. Reaction between strong base and an ester.
_______12. Analysis involves procedures permitting the identification of ions in solutions.
_______13. Analysis involves the determination of the amounts of specific substances.
_______14. Solution of weak acid containing high concentration of one of its salt.
_______15. Indication of acidity or alkalinity.
_______16. Mass of pure caustic soda = 36g of pure HCl
_______17. Volume of 1 N sulfuric acid solution that will neutralize 10 ml 1N NaOH.
_______18. Mass of Ag present in 100g AgCl.
_______19. Mass of copper equivalent to 80ml of 0.1N sodium thiosulfate.
_______20. Mass of BaSO4 precipitated by 10 ml 0.1N Na2SO4 from BaCl2.
12. Board Problem October 1979

Matching Type
________1. Acetylene a. Substances altering reaction rate
________2. Ethyl alcohol b. Substance with same formula but different
________3. Cane sugar chemical properties
________4. Wood alcohol c. Elements of the same properties but different
________5. Catalyst atomic weights
________6. Osmosis d. Electron gain
________7. Isomers e. pH > 7
________8. Dry ice f. pH < 7
________9. Reduction g. C3H5 (OH) 3
_______10. Acidic h. CO2
_______11. Basic i. C2H5OH
_______12. Buffer j. C2H2
_______13. Phenolphthalein k. CaCO3
_______14. Valance l. C12H22O11
_______15. Isotopes m. CH3OH
_______16. Ionization n. Diffusion through membrane
_______17. Neutralization o. Indicator

_______18. Polymerization p. Combining power of an element
_______19. Limestone q. Acid + Alkali
_______20. Glycerine r. Process of building up to larger molecules from
small one
s. Formation of charged particles.
t. Common ion effect

Matching type
_c______1. Fourdrinier a. wine
__h_____2. Distillation column b. soap
__e_____3. Expellers c. paper making
___m____4. Digester d. paint
___i____5. Spray drier e. coconut oil
_b______6. Saponification kettle f. baking
_a______7. Oak barrels g. mining / metallurgy
_d_____8. Pigments h. alcohol
_g______9. Crusher i. Powder detergent
_j_____10. Electrolytic cells j. caustic/ chloride
k. glass making
l. flour milling
m. pulp making
n. fertilizer
14. Board Problems, November 1982

Write the chemical formula of the compound
________1. Formaldehyde ________6. Chloroform
________2. Urea ________7. Acetyl-Salicylic acid
________3. Ethanol ________8. Stearic acid
________4. Glucose ________9. O-phthalic acid
________5. Methane _______10. Trinitrotoluene
15. Board Problem, May 1983

A. Write the chemical formula of the compound
1. Soda ash __________
2. Caustic soda __________
3. Ethanol __________
4. Gypsum __________
5. Muriatic acid __________
B. Complete and balance the following reactions:

1. Cu + HNO3 (dilute)
2. KMnO4 + HBr

16. Board Problem, November 1983
Find the empirical formula of a compound whose percentage composition by weight is as
follows: 45.9% K, 16.5% N, and 37.6% O
Mass Relationships

From the following data compute the amount of raw materials required to produce 100 tons
of caustic soda by caustication process
Data: a. limestone 96% calcium carbonate
b. lime conversion efficiency 90%
c. soda ash 98%

Calculate the theoretical quantities of all raw materials needed to produce 100 MT of soda
ash daily by the Solvay process.

What volume of oxygen gas collected over water at 20oC and 750mmHg can be obtained by
the decomposition of 170g of potassium chlorate?

What volume of air measured at 25oC and 740mmHg is required to burn 3L of gasoline?
Gasoline is a mixture with average composition C7H14 (= 0.7 g/ml).

In the lime soda process for caustic soda manufacture, lime is made to react with water and
then with soda ash. The composition of raw materials:
Lime: 54% calcium oxide, 1.5% magnesium oxide and inerts
Soda ash: 50% sodium oxide and inerts
a. How many metric tons of lime and soda ash will be needed to produce 100 MT of 25% liquid
sodium hydroxide?
b. How many metric tons of calcium carbonate by-product will be produced?

3000 MT of a 6-10-16 fertilizer was prepared by mixing ammonium sulfate (95% purity),
phosphoric acid (95% purity), muriate of potash (95% purity), and gypsum (90% purity).
Calculate how much of each was used.

A 0.5g sample of limestone with inert materials was treated with HCl and 211ml of CO 2
was liberated. The gas was measured dry at 25 oC and 763 mmHg. Calculate the % calcium oxide
in the sample.

If 10kg of sodium were made to react with water, calculate the following :

a. Weight of water involved in the reaction
b. Moles of sodium hydroxide produced
c. Standard ft3 of hydrogen liberated during the reaction
d. Amount of water to be added to produce 0.1N solution.

If 40g of phosphoric acid react with 60g magnesium carbonate, calculate:
a. Mass of magnesium sulfate produced
b. Mass of carbon dioxide produced
c. Volume of gas at STP

Copper smelter is using copper sulfide concentrate containing 30% copper and 40% sulfur.
The plant employs Autokumpu process with pure oxygen to produce at its rate capacity of
130,000 MT per year of 99.9% copper. The following equation may be assumed during the
smelting:
Copper sulfide + oxygen = copper + sulfur dioxide
Compute
a. Feed rate per hour of the concentrate for 330 days/year operation.
b. Oxygen requirements in tons per hour.

Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are obtained from hydrolysis of sucrose. At T= 80 oF and
1atm, how many kilos of alcohol and liters of gas can be obtained from a 1 metric ton of
sucrose?

It is desired to produce phenol by reacting chlorobenzene and sodium hydroxide. 1000kg of
phenol are produced from reacting 1,320kg of chlorobenzene and 1,200kg of sodium hydroxide,
what is the: a. % excess
b. % yield
Solutions/ Colligative Properties
29. Board Problem, April 1979/ May 1983

For a 25g sucrose dissolved in 1kg of water at 70oC, calculate:
a. Vapor pressure of the solution c. Freezing point
b. Boiling point d. Osmotic pressure

For a 1% sugar solution with a density of 1.03 g/ml, calculate:
a. Vapor pressure of the solution c. Freezing point
b. Boiling point d. Osmotic pressure

A solution containing 4.5g of an unknown compound in 100g of benzene gave a freezing
point of 4.02oC (kf= 5.12oC, Tfo= 5.5oC). Give the molecular weight of the unknown substance.

At 60oC, the vapor pressure of Ethyl alcohol is 352.7 mmHg and that of methyl alcohol is
625 mmHg. If the two alcohols are mixed 50/50 by weight at that temperature, assuming ideal
solution, what will be the composition of the vapor above the solution?

Find the molecular weight of the liquid from the following data obtained from measuring
the vapor pressure of the liquid by the gas saturation method.
Volume of oxygen at 740mmHg and 30oC = 5.6 ml
Barometric pressure = 740 mmHg
Temperature = 30oC
Loss in weight of the solid = 1.195g
o
Vapor pressure of the liquid at 30 C = 78.2 mmHg

By dissolving 22.5g sodium carbonate decahydrate in water and adding water until the total
volume is 200 cc, a solution is made having a density of 1.04 g/ml. Calculate:
a. Molarity b. Normality c. Mole fraction of the solute

0.5g of N with MW of 160g/mol is dissolved in 10g of solvent S. The boiling point of the
solution is 124.8oC. If 0.4g of M is dissolved in 12g of the same solvent S, the boiling point of
the solution is 125.2oC. Boiling point of the solvent is 122oC. Calculate the MW of M.
Chemical Equilibrium

One tenth of a mole of phosphorus pentachloride is heated to 250 oC in a 2li vessel. At this
temperature, the dissociation proceeds according to the reaction with Kc= 0.0414. Calculate the
concentration of Cl2 in moles/li. PCl5 (g) = PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)

Calculate the total pressure which must be applied to a mixture of 3 parts hydrogen and 1
part nitrogen to give a mixture containing 10% ammonia at 400oC, Kp= 1.64 x 10-4.

Calculate the mole percentage of ammonia present at equilibrium at 450 oC when the total
pressure is 100 atm, and the molar ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen is 3 to 1. Refer to PhyChem by
Maron and Lando (Table 10-1, p. 364), for the average value of K.

PCl5 (g) dissociates into PCl3 (g) and Cl2 (g) when heated at 250oC at 1atm. If the density of
the gas mixture at equilibrium is 4.4g/li at 250oC and 1 atm, calculate:
a. Mole fraction of the reactant
b. Composition of the gas mixture at equilibrium

The total pressure for the system is 32 mmHg at 750 oC. The partial pressure of water at that
temperature is 23.7 mmHg. Find the value of Kp at the same temperature for the reaction.
SnO2 (s) + H2 (g) = Sn (s) + H2O (g)
The reaction below has a value of Kp= 0.771 at the same temperature:
H2 (g) + CO2 (g) = CO (g) + H2O (g)

a. Calculate the (H+) in a 0.1M HCNO solution.
b. Degree of ionization, Ka= 2 x 10-4
c. pH of the solution

At 3000oC and 1atm, carbon dioxide is 40% dissociated. If 50 li of carbon dioxide at 20 oC
and 1 atm are heated to 3000oC at constant pressure, what volume of gas will result assuming it
behaves ideally. The reaction is CO2 (g) = CO (g) + O2 (g)
Analytical Chemistry

In the process of neutralization of Na2CO3 with HCl, the amount of 0.1N HCl used is 35ml
per 100ml of Na2CO3 solution. Calculate:
a. Amount of HCl needed to reach end point
b. Concentration in g/ml of the Na2CO3 solution

Three gmole HCl and 80g of NaOH were placed in a liter of water
a. Show the balanced equation involved
b. Is the resulting solution acidic or basic?
c. How much of the dominant substance is in excess?

A 0.5g sample of iron oxide (Fe2O3 with inert materials) was dissolved in H2SO4 and
completely reduced and titrated with 13.3 ml of KMnO4 (1 ml of KMnO4 is equivalent to
0.0126g H2C2O42H2O). What is the % Fe2O3 in the sample?

A soda ash plant utilizing Solvay process calcines sodium bicarbonate to soda ash
according to the reaction:
NaHCO3 = Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2

a. For the purpose of a rapid laboratory calculation, evolve a simple formula to show
efficiency of calcination in terms of the following laboratory data:
V1 = volume of titrating agent used on sample from start to phenolphthalein end point
V2 = volume of titrating agent used on sample from the phenolphthalein end point to the
methyl orange end point.
Assuming the titrating agent is 0.1N acid.
b. % Purity of the product for a 94.7% calcination efficiency.

a. Calculate the molarity, molality, and normality of 10g of NaOH in 500ml of H2O.
b. Calculate the number of grams of H2SO4 in 100ml of water that will completely
neutralize the solution in A.

A 20% aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and a 25% aqueous solution of calcium
hydroxide were reacted to produce caustic soda solution. The precipitate formed was analyzed to
contain 5% water, 1% NaOH and 94% CaCO3. Calculate:
a. Concentration of the NaOH solution produced
b. % recovery of NaOH

In the analysis of a feldspar sample weighing 0.42g mixture of KCl and NaCl is obtained
which was found to weigh 0.072g. The same feldspar was found to contain 0.16g K 2PtCl6.
Calculate the Na2O in the feldspar.

A sample weighing 0.6234g that might contain a mixture of NaOH + Na 2CO3 or Na2CO3 +
NaHCO3 is titrated with 0.1062M HCl by the two indicator method. With phenolphthalein end
point, 40.38ml of acid was used. The titration is continued after adding methyl orange, and an
additional 12.38ml of acid was used.
a. Identify the mixture of bases in the sample
b. Calculate the % of each base in the sample

A sample of impure magnetite (Fe3O4) weighing 0.5g was converted by chemical reaction
to Fe2O3. The iron oxide, Fe2O3, was found to weigh 0.41g. Determine the % Fe3O4 n the
magnetite.

A sample containing only ferric oxide (Fe2O3) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) weighs 10g.
This sample is heated with sufficient amount of hydrogen gas to reduce all the iron oxide to
elemental iron. The aluminum oxide remained unaffected in the process and the dry sample was
found to weigh 8.58g. Calculate the % Al in the original sample.

25.3ml of 0.1065N HCl are added to 92.2ml of 0.603N H 2SO4. To the mixture, 60ml of 1N
KOH are added.
a. Is the final mixture acidic or basic?
b. What volume of 0.1N acid or alkali must be added to neutralize the solution?
Electrochemistry

At 25oC, the free energy of formation of H2O (l) is -56,700 cal/mol, while that of its
ionization to H+ and OH- ions is 19,050 cal/mol.
a. What will be the reversible EMF at 25oC of the cell?
H2 (g, 1 atm); H+ || OH-; O2 (g, 1 atm)
b. What will be the single electronic potentials of the oxygen electrode?

A uniform current deposits 0.6332g of Ag in 90 minutes.
a. What volume of hydrogen gas at 25oC and 740 mmHg measured over water (Pv =
23.7mmHg) would it liberate in 60 min?
b. How long would it take this current to deposit a gram of copper?

a. Write the cell which will have the following cell reaction.
Hg + Sn++ = Hg++ + Sn
o o
b. Calculate the E of the cell and the F of the reaction.
c. Will Hg (s) displace Sn++ from its salt?

74.55g KCl is electrolyzed between AgCl electrodes at 25 oC. 2.48g of Ag were deposited
on each of 2 coulometer in series at the transference cell over a period of 20.5hr at a current of
0.03Amp. After electrolysis, the anode compartment contained 121.4g of solution with 6.51% by
weight of KCl while the cathode compartment had 125.7g of solution with 7.15% KCl, which
did not change significantly during the electrolysis. Calculate the transference number of the
cation and anion.

A saturated solution of AgCl placed in a conductance cell whose constant is 0.1802/cm had
R= 67,950 ohms. At 25oC, R water = 212,180 ohms in the same cell. Calculate Ksp of AgCl in
water. IoAg = 61.9 and IoCl = 76.3.
+ +
Gas Law

10.5li of nitrogen at 25oC and 760mmHg are bubbled through an aqueous solution of a non-
volatile solute, whereby the solution loses 0.2455g in weight. If the total pressure of the solution

above is 760mmHg, what is the vapor pressure of the solution and the mole fraction of solute in
solution?

The time of outflow of a diatomic gas through a small opening is 24.4 minutes and the
corresponding time for hydrogen is 5.5min.
a. What is the MW of the diatomic gas?
b. At 100oC, what is the root mean square velocity?
c. How many grams of this gas will be needed to fill a sphere 5 ft ID at -10oC and 5 atm?

A mixture of hydrocarbon vapor contains 80kg of benzene, 80kg of toluene and 60kg
Xylene. Calculate:
a. Volume in m3 of vapor mixture at 300oF and 444 mmHg.
b. Density of mixture in g/ml

Calculate the work done when a mole of sulfur dioxide at 27 oC expands reversible and
isothermally from 1 to 10 li, assuming the gas follows Van der Waals equation.
Van der Waals constant a= 6.714, b= 0.05636

A mixture of 0.2g nitrogen and 0.1g hydrogen is to be stored at 760 mmHg and 25 oC. What
must be the volume of the container if it is assumed that here is no interaction between the two
gases?

The following data were gathered in the determination of a hydrogen gas; 92.3% by wt at
o
-9 C at various pressures. Determine the exact MW of the hydrocarbon and identify the gas.
Pressure (atm) 1 2 3
Density (g/li) 1.45 3.4 5.85

When evacuated or empty, a gas density bulb weighs 29.3215g. First, carbon dioxide was
used to fill the gas density bulb at 40oC and 1 atm and weighed 30.0079g. Then the bulb was
evacuated and filled with a mixture of CO and CO 2 under the same temperature and pressure.
With this mixture the bulb weighs 29.9332g. What was the % CO in the gas mixture?

The organic compound showed the following analysis using the Victor Meyer apparatus
By wt
Carbon 37.5%
Hydrogen 12.5%
Oxygen 50.0%
The organic compound of 0.25g vaporized displacing 100ml of air measured over water at 25 oC
and 748 mmHg. What is the MW of the compound?

A 500ml sample of a gas collected at 80oC and 730 mmHg pressure weighed 1.5g. What is
the MW of the gas?

1.2g of a gaseous hydrocarbon containing 80% C and 20% H by weight occupies 950ml at
20oC and 770 mmHg.
a. Determine the simplest formula of the hydrocarbon.
b. Fine the MW of the HC
c. Write the Molecular formula of the HC.
d. Identify its family.
Work/ Heat/ Thermodynamics

A 500 lb piece of iron falls from a height of 1000ft. If the atomic weight of iron is 55.5 and
neglecting air resistance, calculate the heat it liberate after hitting the hard ground in:
a. ergs c. calories
b. joules d. liter-atm
e. What is the maximum rise in temperature of the piece of iron as it
hits the hard ground?

One mole of a perfect diameter gas (Cv= 5) initially at 40 oC and 10atm expands quickly
(adiabatically) against a constant external pressure of 2atm until its own pressure has fallen to 2
atm. Calculate S for the operation.

A lead bullet is fired at a stationary target. What would be the muzzle velocity (in fps) so
that it hits the target, its temperature would reach the melting point of lead (328 oC). Assume that
the temperature of the bullet before it hits the target is 28 oC and that the specific heat of lead is
0.055 BTU/lb-oF; 778 ft-lb/BTU.

The free energies of formation at the standard state at 25 oC of liquid acetic acid, CO2, and
CH4 are -94,500, - 94,100, and -12,100cal/mol, respectively. Calculate the free energy change
accompanying the decomposition of a mole of acetic acid into CO2 and CH4.

A fuel furnishes 7,000cal of heat per gram. Calculate the maximum work which can be
obtained from in this engine which operates with the water between its boiling point and 40oC.

Calculate the difference between the heat of combustion of methane at constant pressure
and at constant volume at 27oC when liquid water forms.

a. Calculate the energy generated by an electric current of 10A across a voltage of 10V for
10hr, in calories.
b. If this energy is used to heat water, how many grams of water can be heated from 20 oC
and 100oC.
76, Board Problem, May 1982

Calculate the change in entropy in entropy units when 100g of ice at 0 oC is converted to
steam at 100oC and 1atm.

The integral heat of solution of MgCl2 (s) at 18oC is 35,900 cal and that of MgCl26H2O is
-2,950 cal. The heat of vaporization of water is 587 cal/g. Find H at 18oC for the reaction.

The vapor pressure of acetic acid at 90 oC is 293mmHg and 417mmHg at 100 oC. Assuming
the latent heat of vaporization of acetic acid is given within the given temperature range,
calculate:
a. Molar latent heat of vaporization
b. Normal boiling point of acetic acid

Calculate the degree of dissociation of SO3 at 600oK and 0.5 atm. At 600oK: G= 19,759cal
and H= 46,980cal. SO3 (g) = SO2 (g) + O2 (g)

A newly designed refrigerator has a capacity of 3,140 watts and input rating of 735 watts.
What is the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator and the heat transfer rate in the
condenser?
Chemical Engineering Calculations I

A mixture of ammonia and air at a pressure of 745mmHg and a temperature of 40 oC
contains 4.9% ammonia by volume. The gas is passed at a rate of 100 ft 3 per min through an
absorption tower in which only ammonia is removed. The gas leaves the tower at a pressure of
740mmHg at 20oC and contains 0.13% ammonia by volume. Using the ideal gas law, calculate:
a. Rate of flow of gases leaving the tower (ft3/min).
b. Weight of ammonia absorbed in the tower per min.

One cu. cm. of a certain activated charcoal has a surface area of 1,000 m 2. Assuming
complete surface coverage, how much ammonia at standard conditions, could be absorbed on the
surface of 45cc of activated carbon? Assume that the ammonia molecules just touch each other
on a plane.

A solvent water mixture is to be distilled at 95 oC. The vapor pressure of the solvent at this
temperature is 130 mmHg and that of the water is 640 mmHg. The solvent is immiscible in water
and has a MW= 150. Calculate the weight of the solvent in kilos that will be carried over into the
distillate with 200kg water.

At a fertilizer plant drier, the special formula 14-14-10 requires the removal of 200 lb of
water per hour to assure good granulation. Air at 70 oF and 50% RH enters the drier and leaves at
140oF and 80% RH. What is the weight of the bone-dry air used per hr? Assume the barometer
reading at 760 mmHg.

It is desired to produce copper cyanide by first converting it to copper sulfate. The copper
scraps (bronze, bullet shells) are to be charged, together with sulfuric acid to a reactor. Assuming
the products are copper sulfate, water, and sulfur dioxide; neglecting impurities; calculate: how
much is required for
a. Copper
b. Sulfuric acid (90% by wt) if the vessel is closed and 40lb of sulfuric dioxide was
collected.

A cement company uses 3,000MT of gypsum a month. If 40MT of this gypsum are needed
for every 1,000MT of clinker to produce Portland cement:
a. How many MT of clinker is produced monthly?
b. How many MT of limestone (53% CaO) per month does this represent?
c. Give the analysis of the cement if the clinker analysis is as follows:
CaO= 61.92%, Fe2O3= 6.24%, SiO2= 20.64%, Al2O3= 7.2%

A fertilizer plant produces 120,000 MT of 10-6-10 fertilizer annually from ammonium
sulfate (20%N), diammonium phosphate (18%N, 46% P2O5), potassium chloride (60% K2O) and
gypsum as filler. How much of the materials above are used by the plant annually?
Note: A 10- 6- 10 contains: 10%N, 6%P as P2O5, and 10% potash as K2O.

Oil and light solids are removed from 20,000 gal/hr of factory wastewater in a froth
floatation plant. Treatment requires 0.04 ft3 (STP) of air per gallon of wastewater. Air is fed into
the water at a depth of 10ft from the surface, at a pressure equal to the hydrostatic pressure of the
water at the point of entry. The air bubbles enter the water at an average diameter of 1mm. If
water temperature is constant at 700oFand barometric pressure is 29.7 inHg, calculate:
a. Air feed rate at STP
b. Average diameter of the air bubbles as they reach the water surface.

The dilute sulfur dioxide by-product of the Leyte copper smelter is converted first into
sulfuric acid to avoid pollution and get some added values from the sulfur. The Philippine
phosphate plant nearby will use the sulfuric acid to make ammonium sulfate and ammonium
phosphate fertilizers. Calculate the sulfuric acid production per day when the smelter is operating
at 60% of its rated capacity (130,000 tons of copper per year and the Philex concentrate has 40%
total sulfur from copper and iron sulfides.).

A cold process soap is made by mixing 340ml of 35 o Baume (25o) NaOH solution with
660ml coconut oil poured into molds and allowed to stand and harden. Calculate:
a. % NaOH in 35o Baume NaOH solution.
b. % excess or shortage of NaOH used, if coconut oil has a saponification number of 260.
MW= 205, Sp.gr.= 0.9.
Chemical Engineering Calculations II

A natural gas is known to be composed only of methane, ethane and nitrogen. The volume
% of nitrogen is 20% when burned. The Orsat analysis of the flue gas shows 7.8% CO 2, 7.4% O2,
and 84.8%N2. Determine:
a. Volume of methane and ethane.
b. % excess air.

A furnace fires a fuel oil containing 82% carbon, 17% hydrogen and 1% Sulfur using 10%
excess air. Assuming that the combustion of C to CO 2 is only 90% complete and that all the
sulfur is burned to SO2, calculate the complete analysis of the wet flue gas.

A rotary drier burns a fuel with dry air at 40 oF and 30.1 inHg. The oil contains only carbon
and hydrogen. Analysis of the flue gas shows 12.9% CO2, 3.8% O2 and 83.3%N2. Calculate:
a. % excess air d. ft3 flue gas (40oF and 30.1 inHg) per lb oil
b. Weight % of carbon in oil e. Partial pressure of water vapor in the stack gas
3
c. ft air/lb oil

A furnace coal uses coal which analyzes 70.4%C, 4.8%H 2, 9.4%ash, 11.8%O2, and
negligible N and S. If the furnace is fired with 50% excess air, calculate the flue gas analysis
assuming complete combustion.

Calculate the % heating value lost in the refuse for this certain type of coal (negligible N
and S) with a heating value of 14,000 BTU/lb.
Proximate Analysis Proximate Analysis of Refuse
4.7% moisture 28% FC

24.3% VCM 7% VCM
9.6% Ash 65% Ash
61.4% FC

A low grade coal with heating value of 11,000 BTU/lb is used to fire a boiler at the rate of
600 lb/hr. With the following analysis presented.
a. Calculate % heating value lost in the refuse
b. Having a heat transfer efficiency of 60%, calculate the 1,150 BTU/lb steam produced/ hr.
Proximate Analysis Proximate Analysis of refuse
10% Ash 19% FC
30% VCM 10% VCM
57% FC 50% ash

The ultimate analysis of a Bituminous coal, as received, is 77.5%C, 3.7%H 2, 1.5%N2,
4.3%O2, 0.5%S, 6.5% ash and 6.0%water.
a. Convert this analysis to dry basis.
b. Convert this analysis to dry and ashless basis.
c. If this coal as received is burned at a rate of 100MT/hr and the refuse is analyzed as being
10% combustible (carbon in the ash), how many kilos of refuse/hr must be handled?

Formaldehyde is made by the catalytic air oxidation of methanol. When the process is
operating properly, there is a 30% conversion of methanol to formaldehyde. Suddenly, the
supervising Chemical Engineer noted a drop in formaldehyde production. An analysis of a
sample taken at this time showed 63.1%N2, 13.4%O2, 5.9%H2O, 4.1%CHO, 12.3%methanol and
1.2% HCOOH. Calculate:
a. % conversion of methanol to formaldehyde
b. Moles air/ mol methanol

A burner burns a fuel gas entering at 70oF and 1atm, employing 20% excess air with the
same condition as the fuel gas. Assuming complete combustion, give the orsat analysis of the
flue gas. Fuel gas composition (%vol) is as follows: 1%O 2, 3%CO2, 33%CO, 40%H2,
1%Benzene, 6%ethylene, 6%N2, 10%Paraffins (C12H44).

1 x 106 MT of an ore, containing 3.0% copper sulfide, is concentrated by floatation, with a
90% recovery of the sulfide. Calculate:
a. Tons of cuprous sulfide recovered.
b. Tons of sulfur dioxide liberated by roasting the sulfide
c. Tons of pure copper metal obtained by electrolytic refining of Blister copper, if recovery
is 100%.

Semirara coal (negligible N and S) has the following analysis: 75.6%C, 9.6%O 2, 8.8%ash,
6.0%H2, and 20% excess air used. Due to faulty combustion, 85% is completely burned, the rest
to CO. Calculate the dry air supplied (m3) per kg coal at 40oC and 1atm.

Absolute alcohol (ethyl alcohol) is burned using 20% excess air. Give the complete analysis
of the combustion products assuming complete combustion.

The actual process by which a close system changes from an initial state, I, to a final state,
f, as shown in the PV diagram below:
300
200
P (Pa)
100
0 1 2 3 4 V (m3)
The total heat added to the system is 500J, the change in enthalpy of the system is
a. -100J b. 300J c. 500J d. 1100J

Answer:
3. a. 54%, b. 3, c. 20ml
4. Na2B4O7
16. KNO2
17. Limestone= 144.68 tons, soda ash= 135.2 tons
18. NaCl= 110.38 tons/day, CaCO3= 94.3 tons/day
19. 51.93 li
20. V= 27,623 li
21. Limestone= 31.25 MT, soda ash= 38.75 MT, lime= 32.41 MT
22. Ammonium sulfate= 893.3MT, Phosphoric acid= 435.9MT, Muriate of potash= 800.9MT, gypsum=869.9MT.
23. 97.0%
24. a. 7.826kg, b. 434.78 mole, c. 171.9 ft3, d. 4,347.8 li
25. a. 53.45kg, b. 26.93kg, c. 13.71 li
26. a. 54.66, b. 4.13
27. Alcohol= 538 kg, gas= 2.88 x 105 li
28. a. 155.75%, b. 90.69%
29. a. 23.77 mmHg, b. 100.038oC, c. -0.136oC, d. 1.79 atm
30. a. 23.75 mmHg, b. 100.015oC, c. -0.055oC, d. 0.736 atm
31. 155.68 g/mol
32. 28% ethyl alcohol
33. 46,116 g/mol
34. a. 0.393M, b. 0.786N, c. 7.04 x 10-3
35. 93.33 g/mol
36. 0.0293M
37. 29.69 atm
38. 15.6%
39. a. 0.103, b. 81.32%, 9.34%, 9.34%
40. 3.7
41. a. 0.00478M, b. 4.78%, c. 2.32
42. 670 li
43. a. 17.5 ml, b. 0.001855
44. b. acidic, c. 36.5g HCl
45. 42.49%
46. a. 2V1/ (V1+V2), b. 91.85%
47. a. M=N=0.5, b. 12.25g
48. a. 10.97% wt, b. 98.98%
49. 2.90%
50. a. NaOH and Na2CO3, b. 18.77%NaOH and 23.16% Na2CO3
51. 79.26%
52. 27.90%
53. a. basic, b. 17.1 ml
54. a. Eo cell= 0.403V, b. Eo O2= 0.403V
55. a. 0.0508li, b. 8.04hr
56. b.Fo= 85,291 cal, c. no
57. tK+= 0.487; tCl-= 0.513
58. 1.7 x 10-10
59. 23.33 mmHg, 0.018
60. a. 39.36g/mol, b. 48,617 cm/s, c. 16,899g
61. a. 146m3, b. 1.51 x 103g/ml
62. 1,257.44 cal
63. 1.397 li
64. 25.99 g/mol; ethyne
65. 29.94%
66. 64.14 g/mol
67. 90.46 g/mol
68. a. CH3, b. 29.97, c. C2H6, d. ethene; paraffin

69. a. 6.78 x 1012, b. 677,614, c. 161,954, d. 6,688, and e. 11.37oF
70. 478.13oK
71. 1,216 fps
72. -11,800 cal
73. 1,126cal/g
74. -1,192 cal
75. a. 360,400cal, b. 11,472g
76. 205.28 eu
77. 24,546 cal
78. a. 9,494.72cal/mol, b. 118.34oC
79. 6.33 x 10-3
80. COP= 4.27; Q= 3.33 x 106 cal/hr
81. a. 89.75, b. 0.1938 lb/min
82. 14.1/g ammonia
83. 338.54kg
84. 1,782.53 Handbook/ 1,853.6 Steam table
85. a. 39.69 lb, b. 136.11
86. a. 75,000, b. 87,623, c. 63.76%CaO, 20.81%SiO2, 6.29%Fe2O3, 7.26%Al2O3, SO3
87. Ammonium sulfate= 45,913, diammonium phosphate= 15,652, KCl= 20,000
88. a. 800 ft3/hr; 22.67 m3/hr, b. 1.09mm
89. 964.20
90. a. 29%, b. 18% xs
91. a. 57.24%, b. 50.2%
92. O2 sg= 1.45 mol, H2O= 8.5 mol
93. a. 20.72%, b. 87.68%, c. 216.57, d. 227.3, e. 2.95 inHg
94. CO2= 5.87 lbmol; H2O= 2.4 lbmol
95. 5.92%
96. a. 6.67%, b. 3,214 lb
97. c. 7.22 MT
98. a. 23.3%, b. 4.54%
100. a. 27,000, b. 10,864.41, c. 21,559.32
101. 11.01
102. CO2= 2 mol; O2 sg= 0.6 mol


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Chemical Engineering Board Problems

Physical and Chemical Principles

B. Write the structural formula and its derivatives

C. Atom of an element with atomic mass=207 and atomic number=82. Determine:

2. Board Problem, October 1977

3. Board Problem, April 1978

B. What is the pH of 0.1M monoprotic acid solution which is 1.0% ionized?

C. How many ml of a 12 N HCl solution is needed to neutralize 100 ml of a 1.2M Ba (OH) 2

4. Board Problem, October 1979

Reviewer for ChE Board Examination 1

6. Board Problems October 1977

7. Board Problem, April 1978

Reviewer for ChE Board Examination 2

8. Board Problem, April 1979

9. Board Problem January 1974

10. Board Problem May 1982

Reviewer for ChE Board Examination 3

11. Board Problem October 1979

12. Board Problem October 1979

Reviewer for ChE Board Examination 4

13. Board Problem, October 1980

14. Board Problems, November 1982

15. Board Problem, May 1983

B. Complete and balance the following reactions:

Reviewer for ChE Board Examination 5

17. Board Problem, January 1974

18. Board Problem, April 1978

19. Board Problem, October 1978

20. Board Problem, October 1978

21. Board Problem, October 1978

22. Board Problem, October 1978

23. Board Problem, May 1990

24. Board Problem, November 1982

Reviewer for ChE Board Examination 6

25. Board Problem, November 1983

26. Board Problem, November 1983

27. Board Problem, May 1985

28. Board Problem, October 1978

Solutions/ Colligative Properties

29. Board Problem, April 1979/ May 1983

30. Board Problem, May 1980

Reviewer for ChE Board Examination 7

32. Board Problem, May 1982

33. Board Problem, November 1982

34. Board Problem, November 1982

35. Board Problem, May 1985

36. Board Problem, October 1980

37. Board Problem, May 1981

38. Board Problem, November 1982

Reviewer for ChE Board Examination 8

40. Board Problem, November 1985

41. Board Problem, May 1981

42. Board Problem, November 1982

43. Board Problem, January 1974

44. Board Problem, October 1979

45. Board Problem, May 1980

46. Board Problem, May 1981

Reviewer for ChE Board Examination 9

47. Board Problem, May 1981

48. Board Problem, May 1982

49. Board Problem, May 1983

50. Board Problem, May 1983

51. Board Problem, May 1984