WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?

I already created mine Chemistry is the branch of science which deals with the
properties, composition and the structure of matter. It also deals with chemical reactions,
changes in matter, and the principles which govern these changes.

Matter Matter comes in 3 phases

Solid Gas

Matter = any material Liquid

substance with Mass
& Volume

Solid Liquid

Definite Shape Indefinite Shape

takes the shape of the
container

Definite Volume
Definite Volume

Gas

Indefinite Shape
takes the shape of
the container

Indefinite Volume
can expand and be
compressed
 Elements one of the 100+ pure substances

that make up everything in the universe

Examples of Elements Atom the smallest particle making up elements

C = Carbon Na = Sodium
O = Oxygen Ca = Calcium
H = Hydrogen K = Potassium

N = Nitrogen I = Iodine

S = Sulfur Cl = Chlorine
P = Phosphorus

Sub-atomic Particles Drawing an Atom of Carbon

e-
e-
Protons p+ - positive
charge, in nucleus
6 p+
e- e-
6 n0
Neutrons n0 no charge,
in nucleus
e-
e-
Electrons - e- negative charge, orbiting nucleus
 Molecules Compounds

Glucose Sugar H
Compounds - 2 or more elements
H C OH
chemically combined to form
C6H12O6 C O a new substance with
H
C
H
C
H new properties
OH H
OH OH
C C Properties The way a chemical
Chemical formula
H OH substance looks and behaves
Structural formula

Compounds Compounds

Compounds are made of 2 or

Inorganic Organic
more different atoms combined to or
form Molecules Compounds Compounds
O
H+O H2O = usually dont contain always contain C & H and
H H Carbon usually O, N, sometimes
Chemical formula lists the Structural formula shows generally come from the S&P
number of different atoms the arrangement of the earth originate in organisms
in a single molecule atoms in a single molecule generally simple molecules generally complex molecules

Examples of Inorganic Examples of Organic

Compounds Compounds

H + O = H2O = Water C, H + O Carbohydrates = Sugars,

starches & cellulose
H + Cl = HCl = Hydrochloric Acid C, H + O Lipids = Fats & Oils
C, H, O, N, & Proteins
C + O = CO2 = Carbon Dioxide
sometimes P + S

Na + Cl = NaCl = Common Table Salt C, H, O, N, + P Nucleic Acids DNA & RNA

 DNA double Helix

BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY

Chemistry is central to the fields of biology, physics, materials,

ecology,environmental and health sciences.

GREEN CHEMISTRY

Green Chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or
eliminate the use and/or generation of hazardous substances.
 Nanotechnology History of Nano Milestone
Nanotechnology is the DESIGN, FABRICATION, and UTILIZATION
of MATERIALS, STRUCTURES and DEVICES which are less than 100 1959 R. Feynman Delivers
Tools 2,000,000 B.C.
nm. For comparison, 10 nanometers is 1000 times smaller than the diameter Plenty of Room at the Bottom
of a human hair. Metallurgy 3600 B.C. 1974 First Molecular Electronic
Device Patented
Steam power 1764 1981 Scanning Tunneling
Microscopic (STM)
Mass production 1908 1986 Atomic Force Microscopy
(AFM) Invented
Automation 1946 1987 First single-electron
transistor created
Sixth industrial revolution 1991 Carbon Nanotubes
NOW Discovered
Moving from micrometer 2000 US Launches National
scale to nanometer scale Nanotechnology Initiative
devices 2002. 01 ITRI Nano Research
Center Established

Why Nanotechnology? Examples of Nanomaterials

Fundamentally new properties
Nanophase copper is five times stronger than the ordinary metals
Nanophase ceramics are highly resisting to breaking

Exciting new materials

Aluminium Carbon Nanotubes
Carbon nanotubes are fantastic conductors

Strange and Fancy Size Dependent

Behavior!!!
Nanoparticles of Gold are pink in color
Zinc Oxide Silver Copper Oxide

Examples of Nanomaterials
Inorganic nanowires Information Technology

Protein nanotubes Materials and Manufacturing

Nano in gene sequencing Health and Medicine

Carbon Nanotubes Energy and Environment

- CNT based nanoelectronics Transportation
- CNT based microscopy
Defense
- CNT interconnects
Nanotechnology is an Space exploration
- CNT based biosensors
enabling technology
- CNT chemical sensors

CHEMINFORMATICS IN DRUG DISCOVERY

Cheminformatics is the mixing of those information resources to transform data into

information and information into knowledge for the intended purpose of making better
decisions faster in the area of drug lead identification and organization.
SCOPE

The Chemistry major is designed for students who are interested in chemistry with an
emphasis on chemical properties and provides students the opportunity to gain expertise in
chemistry. Students explore the reactivity of chemical compounds in different environments
and gain understanding of how chemical compositions affect properties. A degree in
chemistry open doors to the best graduate as well as careers in education, law, research &
development, sales and a broad range of related careers.
Chemistry is considered to be the central science due to its significant connections
and overlaps with other science disciplines. It plays a vital role in meeting human
requirements for food, health care products and other materials aimed for upgrading the
quality of life. The importance of Chemistry can be well adjusted and appreciated from its
range of medical applications. Almost everything around is either connected with chemical
industry or has been treated with the products of chemical industry.
Chemistry also is concerned with the utilization of natural substances and the
creation of artificial ones. The 20th century has seen dramatic advances in the
comprehension of the marvelous and complex chemistry of living organisms, and a molecular
interpretation of health and disease holds great promise.

All Indians felt proud that an Indian-origin scientist Dr.Venkatraman

Ramakrishnan, who earned his early spurs in India, was a recipient of the 2009 Nobel Prize
in Chemistry for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome.

THE INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF CHEMISTRY 2011

The International Year of Chemistry 2011 (IYC 2011) is a worldwide celebration of

the achievements of chemistry and its contributions to the well-being of humankind. Under
the unifying theme Chemistryour life, our future, IYC 2011 will offer a range of
interactive, entertaining, and educational activities for all ages. The Year of Chemistry is
intended to reach across the globe, with opportunities for public participation at the local,
regional, and national level. The goals of IYC2011 are to increase the public appreciation of
chemistry in meeting world needs, to encourage interest in chemistry among young people,
and to generate enthusiasm for the creative future of chemistry.