0A460.

307

Three phase asynchronous motor

Operation and maintenance manual

(Edition 2012)

The People's Republic of China

SHANGHAI ELECTRIC MACHINERY CO.,LTD.(SEC)

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 Contents
1 Safety information....................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Transportation and Storage ......................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Installation................................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Operation, Inspection and Maintenance ...................................................................................... 5
2 Overview .................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 General description ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Main component parts of motor .................................................................................................. 9
2.3 Identification marking ................................................................................................................. 9
3 Transportation and Installation .................................................................................................. 9
3.1 Packing, Delivery and Reception ................................................................................................ 9
3.2 Lifting and Handling ................................................................................................................. 10
3.3 Storage ...................................................................................................................................... 11
3.4 Preparation for installation ........................................................................................................ 13
3.5 Location .................................................................................................................................... 14
3.6 Foundation ................................................................................................................................ 14
3.7 Grouting .................................................................................................................................... 16
3.8 Foundation mounting ................................................................................................................ 16
3.9 Alignment .................................................................................................................................. 18
3.10 Attentions after installation ..................................................................................................... 23
4 Connection, Starting and Operation .................................................................................... 23
4.1 Mechanical connection ............................................................................................................. 23
4.2 Electrical connection ................................................................................................................. 24
4.3 Initial starting - uncoupled ........................................................................................................ 25
4.4 Initial startingcoupled to load................................................................................................ 27
4.5 Commissioning and Shutdown ................................................................................................. 29
4.6 Normal operation ...................................................................................................................... 31
5 Inspection and Maintenance ................................................................................................... 32
5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 32
5.2 Routine inspection during operation ......................................................................................... 32
5.3 Recommended maintenance schedule....................................................................................... 32
5.4 Regular inspection..................................................................................................................... 33
5.5 General maintenance ................................................................................................................. 35
5.6 Maintenance of bearing and lube system .................................................................................. 39
5.7 Inspection and Maintenance of windings after shutdown ......................................................... 46
5.8 Asynchronous wound rotor motor with fixed brushes (brush unlifted) .................................... 50
5.9 Disassembly, Cleaning and Reassembly ................................................................................ 52
6 Description for necessary accessories .................................................................................. 54
6.1 Space heater .............................................................................................................................. 54
6.2 Temperature detectors ............................................................................................................... 55
6.3 Surge protection equipment ...................................................................................................... 56
7 Trouble-shooting ....................................................................................................................... 57
7.1 Low insulation resistance .......................................................................................................... 57
7.2 Starting problems ...................................................................................................................... 57

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7.3 Vibration and Noise................................................................................................................... 58
7.4 Hot bearing................................................................................................................................ 58
7.5 Motor overheating ..................................................................................................................... 59
7.6 Oil leaks .................................................................................................................................... 60
8 Service and Spare parts ........................................................................................................ 60

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 Thank you very much for choosing SEMCs products!
1 Safetyinformation
General rules and regulations of safety and safety precautions described
in this instruction must be observed at any time. The instructions and the
documentation with the machine must be carefully read before storage,
installation, operation, maintenance and inspection of the motor to ensure
safety. The understanding of the aspects such as installation, operation,
maintenance, etc. of the motor can be improved by learning the
knowledge of safety, operation and precautions.

The supplied product shall be checked to confirm it is the ordered product.

Do not apply defective equipment. Only qualified personnel is allowed to
perform the jobs such as handling, installation, connection of piping,
operation and maintenance of equipment and regular inspection.
Negligence of this may lead to the incidents such as personnel injury,
electric shock, property damage or fire.

1.1 Transportation and Storage

Please pay attention to the form of package and be cautious about sharp
object like nails to prevent injury while unpacking the box.
Be especially careful during transportation to prevent falling down or
excessive tilting of the motor, which may lead to dangers.
Eyebolts or lifting lugs fixed on the motor body shall be used to lift the
motor.
For the motor which is packed integrally, the packing case must be lifted
at the marked lifting position.
Lifting is forbidden when the motors weight exceeds the lifting capability
of the lifting tool. Refer to the name plate, instruction on the package or
from outline drawing of the motor for its weight before handling it,
otherwise the breakage of lifting tool, tilting or falling down of the motor,
personnel injury or death and property damage may be caused.

1.2 Installation
Mechanical coupling and electrical connection shall be performed in
strict accordance with the relevant data provided.
Be sure there are no risks of short circuit between phases or grounding
of the terminals in the terminal box. Neglecting this will lead to electric
shock, fire or damage of the box.
Do not twist or draw power cables or motor leads forcibly during motor
installation and alignment work, this may cause hidden dangers.
Keep the grounding terminal well connected to earth all the time to avoid
electric shock.

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 The motor must not be put into operation with its terminal box uncovered.
The cover of the terminal box should be mounted to its original position
after the connecting job finished. Neglecting this will cause electric
shock.
The rotating parts (e.g. shaft, etc.) should be properly guarded to avoid
personal contact during operation of the motor. Neglecting this will
cause drawing-in of the articles or injury.
Do not pile flammable objects around the motor, or fire incident will be
caused.
Fit on cover and etc, making rotating parts remain untouched.
Otherwise, damage will occur.
Remove the key in the keyway of shaft extension in case the motor is
needed to be run with no coupling mounted, or personnel injury will be
caused.
The rotation direction of the motor shall be checked before being
mechanically coupled and electrically connected. Neglecting this will
lead to damage of the motor.
Do not step on the motor or hang any objects onto the motor, otherwise
motor damage or personnel injury will be caused.
Pay attention to sharp corners and projecting parts. Neglecting this will
cause injury.
Safety ropes and belts must be used while working at the higher site.
Do not contact the keyway of the motor shaft extension with bare hands.
Neglecting this will cause injury.
Do not remove the name plate and keep its contents clear and visible.
The shaft lock (or brace) must be removed before running the motor if it
is mounted to protect bearings during transportation.
Mechanical coupling and electrical connection of the motor shall be in
accordance with the relevant technical standards of electrical
equipment, or damage and fire will be caused.
Relevant protection devices must be mounted on the motor in strict
accordance with the specifications, or damage or fire may be caused.

1.3 Operation, Inspection and Maintenance

The personnel should not contact the connecting terminals while
measuring insulation resistance. The motor must be grounded and
discharged sufficiently, or electric shock will be caused.
The power supply must be switched off if any fault occurs. Neglecting this
will cause personnel injury.
Do not place the fingers and objects into the holes of the motor, or
equipment damage or personnel injury will be caused.
Do not pile the objects around the motor to disturb its ventilation, or
cooling of the motor will be affected to lead to overheating of the motor.

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 Keep the motor away from flammable objects which may cause fire.
Do not perform maintenance or inspection of the conductors when it is
energized. Power supply shall be disconnected prior to maintenance
and inspection. Neglecting this may cause electric shock.
Do not contact the motor with hands during operation, or personnel injury
may be caused.
The motor must be shutdown immediately once abnormal vibration,
noise and other phenomena occur, otherwise electric shock, injury or
fire may be caused.
Do not open the cover of the slip ring housing while the wound rotor
asynchronous motor is running, or electric shock or injury will be
caused.
Motor running speed should not exceed the rated speed given on
nameplate.
Do not connect the power cables while the motor is in operation, or
electric shock will be caused.
It is recommended that the maintenance personnel are equipped with
protecting tools while performing inspection of the motor in operation.
Do not open the cover of the terminal box of space heater while the
space heater is energized or in operation. Electric shock or personnel
injury will be caused if its terminals are contacted.
The regulations on lubrication indication labels shall be observed while
filling oil (grease) or draining oil (grease) for the bearing. Do not insert
strip-like objects into oil draining holes, or damage will be caused.
Do not contact rotating shaft while measuring noise and vibration of
bearings, or personnel injury will be caused.
Lifting tools which conform to the safety specification must be applied
while lifting heavy objects.
Disassembling and repairing works must be performed by the qualified
personnel.

2 Overview
This instruction covers transportation, reception, storage, installation,
commissioning and maintenance of the asynchronous motors for general
purpose to ensure that the product can operate normally and be properly
maintained. Please keep this instruction in proper way after reading.

Refer to the outline drawing, name plate, and indicating labels for further
information about specific parameters of operation, foundation, main
circuits, and auxiliary electrical connection and coupling with the driven
equipment.

It is very important for the customer to read carefully all the indications on

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 the motor and in this instruction .Warranty of the manufacturer can be
brought into effect only if the motor is installed, operated and maintained
strictly in accordance with the outline drawing and the instruction for
operation and maintenance. The motors which are modified by the
customer presumptuously are not within SEMCs scope of warranty and
SEMC will not be responsible for it anyway.

This instruction is not purported to cover all the conceivable situation

which may arise during installation, operation, maintenance, etc. In case
the situation arisen are not covered in the instruction or reference not
found in the outline drawing, please contact SEMC promptly to obtain
additional information.

It is recommended to read the drawings, data sheet and other documents

supplied with the motor carefully. It will help you to understand and apply
this instruction properly.
For easy identification, please indicate the serial number on the
name-plate of the motor while contacting SEMC for service.

2.1 General description

2.1.1 The types of construction and mounting arrangement of the motor
conform to standard IEC 60034-7. The construction type and mounting
arrangement of most horizontal asynchronous motors is IMB3, with two
end shield bearings, mounted by feet, feet down; or IM7311, with two
pedestal bearings, raised feet with base bed-plate. The construction type
and mounting arrangement of most vertical asynchronous motor is IMV1,
with two end shield bearings, mounted on D-end side flange, D-end down;
or IMV2, with two end shield bearings, mounted on N-end side flange,
D-end up.

2.1.2 Degrees of protection of the motor

Degree of protection of the motor shall be selected in consideration of its
installation site and operating environment and in conformance with the
standard IEC 60034-5. The enclosure protection of the motor is purported
to prevent human body from contacting or approaching active parts and
rotating parts in the enclosure (except for smooth rotating shaft or similar
component parts) and solid foreign matters from entering the motor, and
to prevent harmful influence due to water entering the motor.

Open motors with air cooling which are suited to the specified weather
conditions and have additional protective characteristics are indicated by
the designation IPW. The motors of this type are suited to outdoor
installation.

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 The standard designs of SEMCs three phase asynchronous motors are
of IP23, IP44, IP54 and IPW24, and other protection degrees such as
IP55, IP56, IPW 55 and etc. can also be adopted if required by contract

2.1.3 Cooling methods

The standard IEC 60034-6 specifies the classifications of rotating
machines with various cooling circuit arrangement and methods of
movement of coolant. The designation of cooling method consists of
letters IC followed by numeral and letters representing the circuit
arrangement, the coolant and movement of coolant.

The standard designs of SEMCs asynchronous motors are of modes:

IC01, IC06, IC17, IC27, IC31, IC37, IC81W, IC86W, IC411, IC511, IC611,
IC616 and IC666.

2.14 Rating
Unless otherwise stated, motor rating shall be of continuous duty
operation at rated power (S1) .

2.1.5 Direction of rotation

The motor shall rotate clockwise viewed from the shaft extension when
the letter sequence (U, V, W or U2, V1, W1, U2, V2, W2) marked at
the terminals of the motor conforms to the phase sequence (L1, L2, L3) of
the power supply. This is applied to all the scopes of power and voltage.

The connection is shown as Fig.1 or Fig.2 according to the actual

direction of rotation.

Fig.1 Clockwise rotation viewed from DE end Fig.2 Counter clockwise rotation viewed from DE end

Refer to the outline drawing for the specific direction of rotation and
terminal marking in the case of multi-speed PAM motor.

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2.2 Main component parts of motor
SEMCs asynchronous motor satisfies the requirements of various
applications from the customer in a way of combining various component
parts.

Main component parts of the motor include stator, rotor, rolling bearing or
sleeve bearing (end shield type or pedestal type), terminal box, top
mounted air housing (protection type, air-water cooler or air-air cooler),
slip-ring (only for wound rotor motor), end shield, base frame (optional,
but imperative for the motor with pedestal sleeve bearing) and etc.

Top mounted air housing is a variable component. The specific operating

conditions can be satisfied by changing the construction and
requirements of the top mounted air housing. Other requirement like
various degrees of protection or noise control can also be met in this way.

The frame of the stator is of either fabricated steel construction or cast

construction, the basic design of which facilitates ventilating ducts or
additional devices such as noise silencer, air-water cooler, air-air cooler
and weather-proof air housing. Normally, the main leads of stator winding
are marked as U, V, W. For motor with neutral terminals wired to terminal
box, leads are marked as U1, U2, V1, V2, W1, W2. Deep slot rotor
structure with copper bars is normally applied for the standard three
phase squirrel cage asynchronous motor. The rotor of a wound rotor
asynchronous motor has insulated windings.

2.3 Identification marking

Name-plate is fixed permanently on the motor frame and must not be
removed. A serial number serves as unique identification of the delivered
product can be found at the top right of the name-plate.

3 Transportation and Installation

3.1 Packing, Delivery and Reception

All of SEMC motors shall be electrically and mechanically tested before
being packed.

Motors with end shield bearings will be delivered integrally if the

transportation conditions allows. The cooler, terminal box etc. may be
packed separately if the outline dimension of the motor is greater than
that of standard box, and these devices need to be re-mounted on site.

Received items shall be checked according to the packaging list and be

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 checked whether the package is damaged. Service department of SEMC
shall be contacted promptly in case any defect or actual damage found.
The damaged box could be unpacked only when the representative of the
SEMC transportation department is on site. If unnoticed damages are
found after unpacking, carrier and manufacturer shall be contacted
promptly and inspection before installation shall be performed.

Relevant name-plate information, including type code and serial number

of delivered product shall be indicated in the letter sent to the
manufacturer.

3.2 Lifting and Handling

The motor shall always be lifted by using bars or lifting lugs. Lifting or
supporting the motor against coils or core laminations is prohibited. Lifting
slings shall be applied to even the weight and spreader bars be applied to
avoid applying any pressure against the top air housing while lifting the
whole motor. Careless handling and incorrect application of the lifting
bars or hooks may lead to greater damage to the motor than that caused
by many years normal operation. Handle the motor carefully to avoid any
winding damage. Strong air blowing to any part of the winding can
damage insulation and lead to winding burn up. For temporary lay up, the
motor or its component parts shall be lowered on the properly leveled
support frames.

The following lifting schematic drawings (Fig.3, Fig.4 and Fig.5) are for
reference.

Fig.3 Lifting of enclosed horizontal motor with a top air housing

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 Fig.4 Lifting of horizontal motor without top air housing

Fig.5 Lifting of vertical motor

CAUTION: Do not try to lift the whole motor by applying the
lifting hooks on the top air housing. Additional lifting
slings shall be added to prevent the motor from
toppling down if the coupling or other heavy
auxiliary articles disturb the lifting balance. It is
necessary to ensure that angle of lifting slings with
perpendicular must never be more than 45.

Large and medium size motors are usually equipped with rotor brace to
prevent the rotor movement. This brace must be mounted while handling
the whole motor, or the motor may be damaged due to axial movement.

3.3 Storage
3.3.1 Overview
The motors shall be stored in a clean and dry place and be covered if

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 possible. The motor is expected to be stored in warehouse or well
ventilated dry places with an ambient temperature between 5C and
50C.

In case of cold or wet location with rapid humidity variation, the motor
winding temperature shall be maintained several degrees higher than
ambient temperature to prevent condensation and moisture absorption.
Cover motor with tarpaulin to protect against construction dust. Plastic
covers are NOT recommended. Insulation resistance shall be measured
once a month to prove the effect of storage protection. Obvious changes
of insulation resistance are most probably due to moisture absorption, in
such cases, improvement of storage conditions shall be considered. For
motor with oil lubricated bearings, its oil reservoirs are filled with rust
inhibitor before packing. The bearings are required to be attended for rust
proof purpose once every other 3 months until the motor is put into
normal operation.

The motor shaft shall be turned for about 180every month during
storage.

WARNING: The shaft is usually equipped with rotor brace to prevent rotor
movement due to handling. This brace must be removed before the motor
is energized or rotated. The brace must be remounted when the motor is
to be handled from the storage place to the final operation site, and be
removed before operation.

The stored motors shall be inspected at regular intervals, for at least once
in every three months. In case motors slushing (e.g. on shaft extension)
is found damaged, it shall be wiped out with clean yarn or cloth. Then the
surface of shaft extension shall be inspected carefully and rust be
cleaned with fine abrasive paper if it is found. After that, slushing shall be
applied again, with rust-proof grease, and then wrap it up with water-proof
paper.

3.3.2 Drying during storage

The winding insulation has excellent inherent moisture resistance, but
reasonable care should be exercised to protect the windings from
excessive moisture whenever the motor is not in operation. Such
protection will also prevent rusting of core and corrosion of metal parts not
coated.In case of wet location and the motor is equipped with space
heaters, the heaters should be energized whenever the storage area is
cold and damp. Motors not equipped with space heaters may be kept
warm by placing several 100 to 150 watt electric lamps within the motor

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 enclosure to provide heat. However, if the lamps are used, distance
between the bulbs and insulated windings must be kept to ensure the
surface temperature of the insulated windings be not higher than 80C. It
is NOT recommended to pass low voltage direct current through stator or
rotor windings to keep the motor warm.

3.3.3Temporary storage (within 2 months)

Motors which cannot be installed immediately after arrival at job site shall
be unpacked, examined, and stored in a room which is clean and dry and
where temperature variations are small and gradual. It is not necessary to
wrap up the slip rings for the motors which are stored for short term, but
paraffin paper shall be placed between the slip rings and brushes to
prevent any spot from being formed on the surface of slip rings.

3.3.4 Unpacking
Remove all packaging and any auxiliary devices that are not a permanent
part of the motor. Clean the slushing compound from the shaft extension
or coupling with a petroleum solvent. Observe required safety
precautions.

Rust on the finished surface of the motor shall be removed with abrasive
paper and oil, but the surface of slip rings (wound rotor motor) can only be
polished with No.00 fine abrasive paper.

3.4 Preparation for installation

The relevant chapters of this instruction must be read in details. The
installation of a motor requires great care and attention to detail, because
subsequent successful performance of the machine will depend to a great
extent on its line-up and rigidity with respect to the foundation. Before
beginning to install the machine, the following points should be checked.

3.4.1 Check all items at the installation site against manufacturer's bill of
material list.

3.4.2 Locate foundation bench marks to permit establishing the centerline of

the unit and the elevation of the foundation surface.

3.4.3 Check the foundation according to the outline drawing of the motor so as
to determine that the pit (if any), cables and its piping, junction bars or
necessary ventilating ducts are available and properly located. Be sure
ample spaces are available for installation of the unit and accessories.

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3.4.4 Check the size, location, and elevation of the top of the foundation bolts
against the outline drawing.

3.4.5 In case the motor has base frame furnished, make up a sufficient number
of leveling plates and shims to make sure that the sole-plate or bed-plate
will not be distorted when placed on the plates. These plates (about
50mm in thickness) shall be of tapered type with a recommended slope of
1:100 or 1:50 and about 60-150 mm in width. It is recommended to have
the length of the plates extend about 60 mm beyond each flange of the
sole-plate or bed-plate. Shims are usually of 3 mm or 2 mm thick.

3.5 Location
The following additional considerations should govern location.

3.5.1 Install the motor in a well ventilated area, subject to ambient temperature
not higher than 40C and altitude not greater than 1000 M above sea
level, otherwise special order is necessary.

3.5.2 Pay attention to the air inlet and outlet of the motor to ensure that the hot
air discharged must not be obstructed as to cause recirculation of the hot
discharge air back into the air inlets, or hot discharge air of one motor
directly entering the intake of another motor. In most cases, the motor
inlet air temperature shall not be higher than 40C.

3.5.3 Be sure that there is sufficient working space around the motor for
disassembly, cleaning, inspection, etc.

3.5.4 Sleeve bearing motors with oil ring lubrication must be mounted with the
shaft in a horizontal position to prevent oil leakage and insure proper oil
ring performance.

3.6 Foundation
The foundation preferably consists of solid concrete footings or piers of
sufficient depth to rest on a solid sub-base. SEMC does not provide the
design of foundation, and the customer or a third party shall be
responsible for this job. If it is necessary to support the motor on a steel
structure instead of concrete, the beams or girders must be adequately
braced and supported by columns. A common cause of motor vibration is
the installation of the machine on high spacer rails without adequate
design consideration. A competent engineer, who is familiar with
foundation design should design and supervise this part of the
installation.

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There are two usual kinds of anchor bolt available, looped type and
penetrating type (both ends are tightened with nuts respectively), which
are suited for different applications. See Fig.6 and Fig.7 for their
installation drawings. The looped type anchor bolt shall be placed in the
prepared pocket before final grouting. The depth of bolt in the concrete
shall not be less than twenty times of its diameter. Refer to the relevant
data of the motor provided by SEMC for the layout of anchor bolts.

Fig.6 Looped type anchor bolt

Fig.7 Penetrating type anchor bolt

The distance between the center of anchor bolt and the foundation edge
shall be not less than four times the diameter of anchor bolt. The distance
between the edge of prepared pocket and the edge of foundation shall be
not less than 100 mm. The depth of pocket shall be at least 150 mm
greater than the depth of bolt in concrete. If a pit is required beneath the
machine, it should be large enough to give ample working space for
installation and maintenance.

A template made to the dimensions on the outline drawing will simplify the
work of locating the foundation bolts. It is essential that the motor foot
mounting surfaces rest on a steel pad or plate regardless of the type of
foundation. The top surface of the steel pads or plates must form a
centerline to the mounting foot surface. This is necessary to allow
addition of shims between the motor feet and steel mounting surface to
obtain final alignment with the driven equipment. Raising motor by adding
shims is much easier than lowering the foundation if necessary.

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 The top of the concrete foundation should be roughened, cleaned and
washed before placing the bed-plate or the sole-plate upon it. A
roughened surface permits a good bond between the foundation and any
necessary grouting.

This instruction is for reference only.

3.7 Grouting
Grouting the bed-plate or sole-plates: Grout is mixed in the proportion of
one part clean sand to one part cement. Add water until the mixture is thin
enough to be tamped thoroughly under the base. The entire operation of
mixing and pouring the grout should be completed without interruption
and as rapidly as possible. The benefit expected from a heavy solid
foundation will not be realized if a poor job of grouting on the base frame
or structural base frame is done. The grout should fill all the spaces in the
structural steel base frame or structural sole plate and shall be carried
flush with the top of the base frame or sole plate so that a solid tie
between the base frame or sole plate and the roughened surface of the
foundation is obtained. If possible, the grouting height shall be at least up
to 50% of base frame.

The instruction is for reference only.

3.8 Foundation mounting

The shims and spacers described in Section 3.4.5 must be applied if the
motor is installed with base frame. See Fig.8 for the application of the
spacers. The distance between the spacers shall be 300 mm to 400 mm.

Fig. 8 Installation of base frame

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 Shims between the motor and base frame are not provided unless they
are specifically ordered. The shims shall be made from steel or copper
sheets (thin) according to the following instructions.

3.8.1Shims shall be at least as large as the width of the frame foot in both
directions. The thickness recommended shall be 2 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm,
0.2 mm and 0.1 mm.

3.8.2 Shims shall be holed to the proper diameter to clear hold-down bolts.

3.8.3 Shims must not have burrs on cut edges around the holes previously
described, or on the outer shim edges if they are the same dimension as
the mounting band of the foot.

3.8.4 The recommended procedure for installing shims between the motor
mounting foot surface and the steel foundation surface is:

3.8.4.1 Set the motor on the steel foundation surface approximately at

its final aligned position. Be sure that hold-down bolts will go through the
holes in the motor feet and properly engage threaded parts. Be certain
that the rotor brace is removed.

3.8.4.2 Before any vertical alignment changes, measure the gaps, if any,
between all foot mounting surfaces and the steel foundation surface
with feeler gauges to the smallest shim thickness available or to within
0.05 mm. Horizontal levelness of the whole steel foundation surface
shall be controlled within 0.04 mm for each 1000 mm in length. Record
the measurements, location, and depth of penetration of the feeler
gauge from the outer side of each foot mounting band. Make an initial
set of shims from these measurements of the required thickness with
length equal to measured feeler penetration plus 12 mm. Insert each
shim in the proper location and bend up the projecting edge against the
side of the motor foot to permanently mark its depth position and
facilitate handling of the shims at the same time.
3.8.4.3 After all initial shims have been made and installed, proceed
with alignment adjustments of the motor, but keep the initial shims
always at the same location and on top of any additional shims
required.

3.8.4.4 Shims added to obtain final alignment should be the smallest

possible number of thick shims rather than a large quantity of thin shims.
A general guideline is that shim stacks of 1.5 mm or more should be
replaced with a single shim of the same thickness. The operational

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 vibration performance of the motor is directly affected by the rigidity of
the foundation and the degree of precision of its tie with the foundation.

3.9 Alignment
3.9.1 General
Radial and angular deviation between the shafts of motor and load shall
be as small as possible so as to ensure prolonged normal operation of
the equipment. The alignment work must be performed with extreme
cares, or unnecessary vibration and even damage of bearings and
shafts will be caused.

The machine should be set on its base frame or sole plate as close to
the final aligned position as possible. The preliminary shims described
in the previous section should be in position.

If the type of bearing is that of a sleeve-bearing, the rotor shall be

positioned at magnetic center or midway between the limits of its end
float (mechanical center).If in doubt, or if a magnetic center indicator
was not furnished, set the rotor on mechanical center. It is very
important to notice that in certain cases there is thermal expansion of
the shaft of the driven equipment. If this causes an offset in the rotor
axial position in nominal running state even though the rotor of the
motor is positioned at magnetic center at room temperature during
installation, it should be ensured that the rotor has to be always
positioned at magnetic center in hot running state. This means that the
stator should be shifted slightly away from the driven equipment by a
small amount, which shall be informed by the manufacturer of the driven
equipment, and equal to the value of the thermal expansion of the shaft
of the driven equipment between the nominal running temperature of
the shaft and room temperature during installation. If the end float for
motors with sleeve bearings is A mm in total, the coupling must limit the
total end float of the rotor to 0.36-0.38 A mm maximum centered on
mechanical center to prevent the motor bearing from damaging due to
thrust loads. For example, if the end float for the motor A is 12.7 mm,
the coupling must limit the total end float of the rotor to 0.38 x 12.7 = 4.8
mm. When the motor has been positioned so that axial end float
requirements are satisfied, install and tighten the hold-down bolts. The
motor is now ready for angular and offset alignment checks.Angular
alignment is checked by measuring the space between coupling faces
with a feeler gauge at the top, bottom, and both sides. The readings
should all be taken at a uniform radius from the shaft center and at the
largest possible diameter. Both shafts (motor and driven equipment)
should then be rotated together for 180 degrees and the gap at each 90

18
 degree position measured again. This will assure an accurate check on
the angular relationship between the axes of the shafts independent of
any axial run out. (see Fig.9).

Feeler Standard gauge block

Fig.9 Clearance measuring of coupling surfaces

Fig.10 External hub measuring of coupling

The following is an example of typical data that may be taken: (see Table 1).
Table 1 Example of typical data mm
Viewing from motor Top Bottom Right Left
Initial readings 4.77 4.9 4.80 4.80
After rotation of both shafts (180) 4.52 4.9 4.65 4.85
Sum 9.29 9.8 9.45 9.65
Average value 4.65 4.9 4.72 4.83

The result of this data shows that the average gap difference top to
bottom between coupling halves is 0.25 mm, and 0.11 mm left side to
right side. The right and left side component of angularity can be
corrected by shifting the motor on the base frame or sole plate. The top

19
and bottom component of angularity can be corrected by adding shims
under the motor feet, or driven equipment feet.

Off-set alignment is checked by mounting a dial indicator on one

coupling half so that the indicator stem reads radially on the periphery of
the other coupling half. The position of the indicator or stem should be
taken with the indicator stem in this position. The two shafts are rotated
together through 360. The indicator reading should repeat the initial
setting. If it does not, the results are not valid and should be repeated
after checking the tightness of the indicator mounting. Even if the
readings repeat, alignment errors can occur because the deflection of
the indicator support arm reverses as the shafts are rotated from the top
to bottom indicator positions. This becomes significant if the
support-to-indicator span is more than about 50 mm or the indicator
support arm diameter is relatively small for the indicator's weight. (see
Fig.10).

To correct for this deflection error, remove the indicator set-up and
without changing the length or angle of the indicator arm. Centrally
mount the set-up on a steel pipe or bar so that the indicator tip contacts
the bar. For convenient hand rotation, the bar should be about two hand
breadths longer than the indicator set-up. To be significantly stiffer, the
bar should be more than twice the indicator arm diameter. With the
indicator at the top, zero the dial and record the readings as the bar is
rotated so that the indicator is 90 right, bottom, 90 left and top. Repeat
to check that the readings are consistent. The right and left readings
should be the same and equal to one-half the bottom reading. The
purpose of this is to determine the amount to be added to the alignment
readings to compensate for the deflection from the indicator weight on
its support set-up. A typical set of compensating readings could be:

Indicator mounted on test bar:

Position of indicator: Top Bottom Right Left
0 -0.076 -0.038 -0.038

As mentioned before, without changing the length and angle of the

indicator arm, return the indicator set-up as it was originally on the
coupling and check that the original readings repeat.

Table 2 is an example of typical data and how to use the compensation

values.

Examples for typical data (dial indicator is installed on the coupling half

20
 of the motor). (See table 2 for data)

Table2 Indicator mounted on motor half coupling

Position as viewed from motor top bottom right left
Indicator reading 0. -0.229 -0.013 -0.216
Zero setting 0.
Add compensation 0. +0.076 +0.038 +0.038
Corrected values 0. -0.153 +0.025 -0.178
Subtract opposite reading 0.153 0.203
Divide by two = offset 0.077 0.102

The readings indicate that the shaft on which the indicator was mounted,
the motor in this case, is 0.077 mm lower than the other shaft and
displaced 0.102 mm horizontally in the direction of the largest negative
reading to the left as viewed from the motor end.The hold-down bolts
should be loosened and the motor shifted and shimmed as required to
correct the angular and offset alignment. The correction should be
checked after all shims are added and the hold-down bolts retightened.
If jackscrews are used to shift or lift the motor, be sure that they are
unloaded before any alignment checks are made. Jackscrews are not
intended to be permanent supports.

3.9.2 CAUTION: While some flexible couplings can tolerate considerable

misalignment, even several thousandths of a mm misalignment can
introduce large vibrational forces into the system. To obtain maximum
bearing life and minimum vibration, align the units as closely as possible
and check the hot alignment condition. It is good practice to limit
angular misalignment to 0.05 mm at or up to a 300 mm diameter and no
more than 0.10 mm for larger diameters. Limit offset misalignment to
0.05 mm total indicator runout.

After the final alignment has been obtained, it is recommended that

dowels be installed through the feet into the base frame or sole plate.
This will help maintain the alignment and facilitate re-installation of the
machine if it is removed from its location for any reason. Lead holes for
the dowel have been provided to facilitate drilling and reaming.
3.9.3 Correction of heat-expansion and cold-contraction
3.9.3.1 Overview
Operating temperature gives great influence on the correction, therefore,
this factor should be considered in correction. In installation, the
temperature of equipment should be a little lower than that in operation.
For this reason, shaft center should be a little higher in runtime.

21
 Therefore depending on the factors such as driven equipment working
temperature, coupling type and the distance between equipments and
so on, the consideration is necessary for the motor with the structure of
rolling bearing to adopt thermal compensation correction method.

3.9.3.2 Heat-expansion and cold-contraction up and down

According to the following formula, the heat-expansion and
cold-contraction of the distance between motor base feet and shaft
center can approximately be calculated:
H=TH
Of them, H= the amount [mm] of heat-expansion and cold-contraction
=1010 - 6 k-1
T=40k
H= height [mm] of motor center, (see motor outside view)
Note: It is necessary to consider the heat-expansion and
cold-contraction relative to the driven equipment of the motor to
determine total amount of heat-expansion and cold-contraction.

3.9.3.3 Axial heat-expansion and cold-contraction

If the axial movement of deep groove ball bearing or spherical roller
bearing adopted on non-driven-end bearing is locked, it is a must to
take account of axial heat-expansion and cold-contraction. Check motor
outline view to determine keyed end.

The expected axial heat-expansion and cold-contraction of rotor is

proportional to the length of stator frame, able to be calculated
according to the following formula:
L=TL
Of them, L= the amount [mm] of heat-expansion and cold-contraction
=1010 - 6 k-1
L= about 70k
L=base length [mm] (see motor outside view)
Note: It is a must to ensure the free and continuous axial motion
between two coupling halves (except for rigid coupling) to make the axle
on the equipment get heat-expansion and cold-contraction in axial
direction, so as to prevent bearings from damaged.
In equipment installation process, it is required to consider the heat
expansion amount of driven equipments and the absorption amount of
couplings, in order to reasonably determine the total amount of
heat-expansion and cold-contraction and ensure motor running
normally.

22
3.10 Attentions after installation
The measures mentioned in Section 3.3 shall be taken if the motor will
not be put into operation for long time after installation. If vibration exists
around the motor, the bearings shall be protected to avoid its service life
being reduced. If the motor is equipped with base frame, paired spacers
mentioned in Section 3.4.5 must be welded together after installing the
base frame in place, and before grouting, to prevent displacement of the
motor.

In the case of insulated bearing, it shall not be short-circuited during the

process of installation, testing and operation.

Check grounding brush (when provided) and ensure that the brush is
pressurized against rotating shaft at the shaft extension end when
mounting and testing the motor. Check grounding brushes for wear after
they have operated for some time. The grounding brushes shall be
replaced in time if it is found excessively worn and has caused the poor
contact to shaft, normal function of the grounding brushes must be
ensured.

For VFD fed motor, be sure to check whether the rated output voltage of
converter conforms to the maximum motor operating voltage. It is
recommended that the encoder of insulation type be selected as the
encoder coupling provided by the motor is not insulated.

4 Connection, Starting and Operation

WARNING: Safety requirement and stipulations shall always
be observed at any time!

4.1 Mechanical connection

In the case of pipe ventilation, the flanges for ventilation duct are
equipped with. See the outline drawing provided with the motor for its
specific position and connecting dimension.

In the case of air-water cooling, flanges of the air-water cooler shall be in

conformity to the standards of relative industries or the requirements of
the customer. See outline drawing of the motor for the position and
dimension of water inlet and outlet flanges. The cooling water of
requested quality shall be supplied before starting motor. Check to see if
water leakage exists after water seal between water pipe and flange is
completed.

23
 The lube station shall be installed as close as possible to the motor in
case of sleeve bearings with flood lubrication. As a rule, the pipe
connecting the bearing oil outlet shall be lowered (at least 15downward)
to avoid higher oil level of the bearing. The elevation of bearing oil outlet
shall be at least 300 mm or more higher than oil returning pipe of the lube
station. Before connecting the pipe to motor bearingthe lube station shall
be filled with clean oil and checked for its oil supply system, its oil filter
shall be cleaned up. Oil limiter shall be equipped with between the oil
supply and the sleeve bearings.

Prior to motor operation, sleeve bearings and the lube station shall be
filled with lubrication oil of the specified brand (see outline drawing of the
motor or the indication label for details). Then turn on the oil station to
check if there is any oil leakage. Attention shall be paid to the oil level of
bearings; it shall be normally at the position between 1/2 and 2/3 height of
inspection window, otherwise causes shall be found to reduce it. Test run
the lube oil system for 48 hours then take out the oil filters and check the
oil system again and clean the filter up if necessary before place it back.
In case of the motor equipped with vibration sensors, the threaded
mounting holes can normally be found on the bearing housing.

4.2 Electrical connection

Motor control wiring, overload protection and grounding should be
completed in accordance with codes and requirements. Never install a
motor with a standard enclosure where hazardous, inflammable, or
combustible vapors or dusts present a possibility of explosion or fire
which can cause damage to property or injury to personnel. Refer to the
outline drawing for the location and marking of the main terminals and
auxiliary terminals. The insulation resistance of windings shall be
measured before operating power is applied to the motor to make certain
it is suitable for operation. Refer to Section 5 Inspection and Maintenance
in this instruction for a description of insulation resistance measurement,
and interpretation of the results. Be sure that the power supply voltage,
frequency and number of phases are correct and in conformity with the
outline drawing or the nameplate of the motor.

Main terminal box must be free from moisture, dirt or foreign matters. The
vacant cable glands of the terminal box must be sealed to avoid moisture
and dust ingress.

Connection in the auxiliary terminal box shall be finished according to the

circuit diagram before commissioning. These terminals may be still
energized after motor is shutdown.

24
 In case of motor with external fan, the fan is driven by a three phase
induction motor. Its terminal box can be found either on its frame or in the
middle part of main motor cooler. The rotation direction of the external fan,
its indication can be properly found on the cooling device, shall be
checked carefully. If the rotation direction of the fan is not in order, phase
sequence of fan motor shall be duly changed.

Grounding marks can be found on the relative positions. Components like

motor frame, main terminal box and related equipment must be grounded
to protect personnel from being electrically shocked.

4.3 Initial starting - uncoupled

An initial start is defined as to when the motor is first energized after initial
installation or major maintenance. It is recommended that the initial start
be made with the motor uncoupled from the load. The following checks
must be made prior to the initial starting.

4.3.1 Be sure that all installation or maintenance work is completed. Check the
foundation bolts and dowels to be sure they are in place and tight.

4.3.2 Make sure that all temporary braces and coverings have been removed.

4.3.3 Check the bearing to ensure that all oil reservoirs have been filled to a
proper level with correct lubricant. For the motor with sliding bearings, the
bearings should be opened before starting to remove the antirust coating
from surface. In the motor lubricated with thin oil, the oil should be
manually filled into oil reservoir before initial startup. For forced lubrication
system, it must be sure that lubricating oil brand is correct, and has been
filled to the appropriate oil level, with lubricating oil system in running
state. Please see the lubrication nameplate on the motor and the
recommendations about lubrication in outline drawing.

4.3.4 Measure the insulation resistance of windings (see relevant contents in

Section 5.7 for details) and dry out the windings if necessary.

4.3.5 The following inspecting tests, if possible, shall be performed before

actual cable connection. The terminals of stator winding shall be
connected as for normal operation, with the rotor blocked in the case of a
cage rotor, or rotor blocked with its winding open-circuited in the case of a
wound rotor. Then apply a three phase low voltage (about 600 V) to the
stator winding to measure the three phase current of stator winding and
three phase voltage of rotor winding (in the case of wound rotor motor). It
will indicate that coils of stator and rotor and their connection are correct if

25
 these values are balanced.

4.3.6 Check if voltage, number of phases and frequency of the supply agree
with those on the motor nameplate, the voltage shall be within 10% of
the value on the nameplate.

4.3.7 Check the alphabetical order of the motor terminal designations and that
of the supply to see if the direction of rotation will conform to what is
required. Please see Section 2.1.5 for detail.

4.3.8 Check for ample space around the motor for proper ventilation.

4.3.9 Check whether all the air inlets and outlets of the motor are clear.

4.3.10 Check whether all construction dirt has been removed from the motor. If
compressed air is used to blow out the motor, the air must be clean and
dry, with pressure not exceeding 2x105 Pascal ( 2 atmospheres ).

4.3.11 Verify that all moving parts have sufficient clearance from all stationary
parts.

4.3.12 Check that there are no foreign objects, wrenches, pliers, screwdrivers,
tapes, loose nuts or bolts, etc. in or on the motor. Remove it if any.

4.3.13 Check that there are no grating or rubbing noise while the motor is
rotated by some suitable hand tools.

4.3.14 If the motor has current transformers, make sure the secondaries are
either connected to the proper control equipment or short-circuited.
Never operate a motor with the current transformer secondary winding
open-circuited.

4.3.15 Inspect all electrical connections for correct termination, clearance,

mechanical strength, and electrical interlocking. Check if specification of
rheostat for rotor winding agrees with the data on motor nameplate in
the case of wound rotor motor.

4.3.16 In the case of wound rotor motor, check if there are gaps of 3-5 mm
between the brush holder and slip ring, if the brush is closely pressed
against the slip ring, and if the rheostat (non-automatic) in the rotor
circuit is set at starting position.

4.3.17 Check connections to auxiliary motor equipment.

26
4.3.18 Check voltage and phases to space heater supply with that shown on
the outline drawing.

4.3.19 Push the rotor toward the driven equipment to the limit of the rotor end
float. Check to be certain that the motor half coupling is clear of the
coupling half of the driven equipment in this position. WARNING: Do not
attempt an uncoupled start if coupling interference cannot be remedied.

4.3.20 Replace all covers and other pieces removed for inspection purposes.
Check to be sure that all covers, screens, and filters are in place.

4.3.21 Be certain that all protective devices and all monitoring equipment are
connected to function properly.

4.3.22 Check to be sure that cooling water supply and oil supply (if provided)
are turned on and in operation.

4.3.23 Bump the motor electrically (push the start control button and
immediately push the stop control button) to check for the correct
direction of rotation. In the case of PAM motor, bump the motor at each
speed due to different connection. Be sure that the motor rotates in the
proper direction for the driven equipment. Motors with directional
rotation arrows must be operated in the indicated direction in order to
ventilate properly.

4.3.24 After de-energizing the power supply and the rotor has coasted to
standstill, make any necessary power lead connection changes
required to correct the direction of rotation.

4.3.25 Re-start the motor and allow it to run. Check and record the vibration
and axial movement of the motor shaft. In this period of time, the rate of
bearing temperature rise is more indicative of trouble than the absolute
bearing temperature. The final bearing temperature should not exceed
95C (for rolling bearings), 90C (for self-lubricated sleeve bearings)
and 80C (for flood-lubricated sleeve bearings).

4.4 Initial startingcoupled to load

After the initial starting with no load coupled, mount the coupling and
couple the motor with load. In case of the motor with cooler ventilated
by a external fan, be certain that the fan motor has been energized
before the power supply for main motor is switched on.

27
 The inspection of the following points shall be performed before starting
the motor.

4.4.1 Remove any bracing used to support and center the coupling set.
Assemble the coupling halves in accordance with the coupling
manufacturer's instructions. Pay attention to match mark on the
coupling and be sure to assemble according to match marks, if any.

4.4.2 Start the motor in accordance with instructions supplied with the motor
control.

4.4.3 If the motor rotor fails to start turning in a second or two; shut off the
power supply immediately. This can result from:

Too low a voltage at the motor terminals;

The load is too much for the rotor to accelerate;
The load is frozen up mechanically;
All electrical connections are not made. The rotor windings are open
circuited (for wound rotor motor).
Any combination of the above

Investigate thoroughly and take corrective action before attempting any

restart.

4.4.4 If the motor fails to reach full speed and is running at a reduced speed for
more than a few seconds, shut off the power supply immediately. This
can result from:

Too low a voltage at the motor terminals

Load torque at the hang up speed equals motor torque at that speed;
rheostat of the rotor circuit not matching (for wound rotor motor)
Any combination of the above

Investigate thoroughly and take corrective action before attempting any

restart.

Note that motor vibration may not be identical to uncoupled values. If

coupled vibration is excessivere-check the mounting and alignment.
Check installation and alignment again if the vibration is excessive after
being coupled, refer to the sections about trouble-shooting in this
instruction.

28
4.5 Commissioning and Shutdown
In the case of VFD fed motor, the overload capability (per unit value) at
high speed shall be understood as the ratio on basis of the rated torque at
high speed, not on basis of the rated torque at base speed.

Commissioning report is very important for the forthcoming works of

maintenance and trouble shooting. Necessary protection shall be set up
before operation. Temperature detectors in motor windings must be
connected to temperature monitoring and protection system. Refer to the
outline drawing with the motor for quantity, type and positions of the
temperature detectors. Temperature limit of the stator winding with class
F insulation material is 155C Alarm and trip setting of winding
temperature shall be affected with this consideration.

Do not exceed the limits of starting duty. Motor starting must be

performed according to the following stipulations unless otherwise
specified in the nameplate for starting.

A. Two starts in succession with motor initially at ambient temperature.

B. One start in succession with motor initially at rated operating
temperature.
C. The motor can only be allowed to restart four hours apart according
to the provisions in A.
D. The motor can only be allowed to restart four hours apart according
to the provisions in B.

CAUTION: Repeated starts or creeping at low speed will

greatly reduce the life of the windings or the rotor due to
the high forces and overheating. The above situation are
only suited to the squirrel cage motors. In the case of
wound rotor motor with starting rheostat in the rotor circuit
well matched, permitted starting times can be increased
appropriately (The permitted starting times can only be
determined through specific calculations).

Please notice to inspect bearing temperature during commissioning. The

final temperature of the rolling bearings shall not exceed 95C, the bush
temperature of self-lubricated sleeve bearings shall not exceed 95C, and
the bush temperature of flood-lubricated sleeve bearings shall not exceed
80C.

It is recommended, after commissioning, the setting values of alarm and

trip temperature in accordance with the actual running temperatures of

29
 stator windings and bearings and changes of ambient temperature in the
commissioning report.

The following values can be applied for rolling bearings equipped with
temperature detection devices: alarm at 90C, trip at 95C.

When using high temperature grease, the alarm and cut value of rolling
bearing can be increased by 5 .

For properly designed sleeve bearing with lubricant of suitable viscosity

at required ambient temperature, the following values shall be applied :

Flood lubrication Self-lubricated

alarm 75C alarm 90C
trip 80C trip 95C

4.5.1 Shutdown on site

After motor shutdown, the space heater shall be energized to avoid
condensation inside the motor, which may cause wet windings. Notice
to drain off the cooling water in time for motor with air-water cooler. If the
motor does not operate for more than one month, and is left on the
foundation and is kept connected with the driven machinery, then the
following stipulations shall be observed.

4.5.1.1Drain off the oil and replace with clean rust-inhibiting oil (No need
for this step in the case of grease lubricated rolling bearings).

Rotate the shaft by 180 monthly, in case of the place humid and
possible to produce condensation, interval time should be shorter.

4.5.1.2 Energize the space heater and check daily to be sure it is

working properly. Several bulbs of 100W or 150W shall be placed in the
motor to keep its internal temperature above outside temperature if
space heater is not available.

4.5.1.3 Coat all bare metal surface of outdoor installations with a rust
protective coating. Paraffin paper shall be placed between the slip rings
and brushes to prevent the spots from being formed on the surface of
the slip rings.

4.5.1.4 To re-activate the motor with sleeve bearings, clean off the
external rust protective coating, drain and refill the bearing sumps with
clean service oil, remove any temporary heating devices installed within

30
 the motor frame and go through steps for Initial start in prior Section 4.3
of this instruction.

4.5.2 Off site storage

If the motor is removed from its location, and to be stored elsewhere for
a time period greater than one month, the following is recommended.

4.5.2.1 Coat all bare metal surfaces with a rust protective coating,

4.5.2.2 Locate the original rotor lock and install to prevent movement of
the rotor. Pull up the brushes from their holders. Paint the surface of
the slip rings with strippable varnish and then wrap it over.

4.5.2.3 Store the motor as described in Section 3.3 Storage.

4.5.2.4 Re-activate the motor as described in Section 4.3 Initial

starting-uncoupled and Section 4.4 Initial starting-coupled to load.

4.6 Normal operation

The conditions for motor normal operation shall be in conformity with
the requirements and standards specified in the contract. It must be
ensured that the bearings be filled with proper lubricants, the oil level of
the sleeve bearings is correct before starting. For the motor with fan(s)
on the cooler, be certain that the fan motor be started in prior of main
motor power supply switch on and be sure that the rotation direction of
the fan(s) is correct. It shall be ensured that motor auxiliary devices
such as the lube station (if any) etc. are in normal operation. The times
and interval of starting shall conform to the requirements specified in
Section 4.5. Periodic inspection shall be performed by operator to
carefully monitor the motor for fault-free operation. Motor shall be
inspected for its vibration, lubrication of bearings and temperature of
stator windings and bearings. Check whether the heat exchanger leaks
and coolant flows normally. For the wound rotor motor, check the wear
of the brushes, whether the surface of the slip rings is smooth and with
any sparks. Parameters such as current, voltage, temperature, etc.
shall be recorded.

Be sure to energize the space heater of the motor in time according to

actual situations after shut down the motor. Turn off the cooling water
one hour after the shutdown of air-water-cooled motor to prevent
condensation inside the motor. Drain off the remaining water in the
cooler to prevent cooler from damage due to water frozen at low
ambient temperature for long time. For initial operation or re-activate the

31
 motor after long-term shutdown, the air-exhausting holes on the top of
water cooler shall be unscrewed to exhaust the air inside the pipes of
the cooler before it being re-tightened.

5 Inspection and Maintenance

5.1 Introduction
To insure continuous service, it is necessary that an inspection and
maintenance program be initiated.

The reliable operation and normal service life of the motor can be
ensured through correct monitoring and maintenance. Normally, the
service life of motor insulation system is 30 years. The motor shall be
operated at any time in accordance with the requirements of
safety information mentioned in Section 1.

5.2 Routine inspection during operation

SEMC recommends that the lube system be inspected frequently. The

oil level in all gauges should be checked. Rotation of the oil rings should
be checked by looking through the oil ring inspection gauge. If any oil
leakage is noted, it should be traced to the source and corrected. Watch
for lubricating oil discoloration or contamination.

ATTENTION: Any sudden or excessive noise or vibration should be

attended immediately and corrected before re-activate the motor.
Record shall be regularly kept during continuous operation for
bearing temperature and status of motor running. For wound rotor
motor the carbon dust and dirt at slip ring shall be cleaned at least
weekly.

5.3 Recommended maintenance schedule

5.3.1 Following maintenance schedule is recommended for the usual

operating conditions.

5.3.1.1Measure and record the temperature of stator winding, cooling air ( if any)
and bearings via temperature detectors. (Such as embedded-type resistance
temperature measurer)

5.3.1.2 Check whether any abnormal mechanical noise or unusual sound

emitted from the motor (e.g. rubbing or knocking sound, etc.).

32
5.3.1.3 Check whether water leakage exists in the case of air-water-cooled
motor.

5.3.1.4 Check the contamination of the filter device if filter is applied.

5.3.1.5 Clean the accumulated dust and oil dirt on the slip ring and brush
holder.

5.3.2 Monthly Inspection

5.3.2.1 Measure vibration with portable measuring equipment.

5.3.2.2 Check all the cables, connecting wires and their tightness.

5.3.2.3In the case of wound rotor motor, check the dust accumulating on
slip ring, conducting bolts and brush gear, clean the accumulated dust
in time, check the wear of brushes and their freedom in brush holders,
change the brush if necessary.

5.3.2.4 Replace or clean the filter after monitoring device trip (e.g. of
pressure difference switch) if filter is applied.

5.3.2.5 For self-lubricated sleeve bearing, check if the operation of oil

rings is stable with normal oil transport. Check whether oil leaks at the
sealing of bearings. Clean the dirt if it is dirty. Check oil supply
equipment.

5.3.3 Inspection every 3 months

5.3.3.1 Measure insulation resistance of stator and rotor windings. Refer
to the information mentioned in Section 5.7.5 for details.

5.3.3.2 Measure the insulation resistance between the insulated bearing

and housing or the foundation with a megger of 500 V.

5.3.3.3 Inspect dust accumulation by visual inspection.

5.3.3.4 Inspect dust accumulation on the power supply, instrumentation

and connecting wires of control device.

5.3.3.5 Inspect the grounding brush (if any). Keep it well pressed.

5.4 Regular inspection

Depending on service conditions, the motor should be inspected
annually or semiannually. Unusual service conditions which require

33
 semiannual inspections:

5.4.1 Exposure to:

5.4.1.1 Corrosive or electrically conducting dust

5.4.1.2 Lint or very dirty operating conditions where the accumulation of

dirt will interfere with normal ventilation;

5.4.1.3 Chemical fumes, steam, salty air, or oil vapor;

5.4.1.4 Damp or very dry locations, radiant heat, vermin infestation, or

atmospheres conducive to the growth of fungus;

5.4.1.5 Abnormal shock, vibration or mechanical loading from external

sources

5.4.2 Operation where:

5.4.2.1 Excessive deviation from rated voltage and/or frequency existing;

5.4.2.2 Room poorly ventilated or ambient air temperature exceeds 40C;

5.4.2.3 Machine subjected to torsional impact loads, repetitive overloads,

electric reversing or braking, or long accelerating times due to high load
inertia.

5.4.3 Checklist
The following inspection checklist is recommended:
5.4.3.1 Drain, flush, and re-lubricate the bearings. Inspect the bearings, if
and when unusual conditions have been previously noted.
If rolling bearings are used, see bearing nameplate for lubrication
recommendations.
5.4.3.2 Take corrective action if there is oil leakage around the bearing
seals.
5.4.3.3 Remove the end covers and top enclosures. Look for evidence of
condensation or water accumulation, rust, or corrosion.
5.4.3.4 Thoroughly check for the accumulation of dirt or other foreign
material.
5.4.3.5 Look for signs of overheating of components, particularly
insulation, as evidenced by blistering, discoloration, or charring. Inspect
all insulated electrical connections for frayed or damaged insulation,
cracked varnish or coil movement.
5.4.3.6 The surface of slip ring shall be of smooth round shape. If its
surface is not smooth, with verdigris, iron rust or burning found, it shall

34
 be ground with fine abrasive paper. The grinding work can be performed
at no-load. Its surface must be kept clean and dry without any oil and
water.
The slip ring surface shall be machined if it is extremely uneven or
shows taper or out of roundness.
5.4.3.7 The brush gear must be carefully inspected because it is greatly
related to the reliable operation of the motor. The inspection shall be
performed according to the contents mentioned in Section 4.3.16.

The brush shall be replaced with new one if it is much worn. The brand
of the new brush must be the same as the original one. All the old
brushes shall all be replaced with new ones simultaneously. It is not
permitted to replace only a few of them with the others remained in
place. New brushes shall be ground with an abrasive paper to get good
contact with the surface of slip ring. Light load (1/3-1/4 of normal load)
shall be applied after brush replacement until the brush surface is
smooth.
5.4.3.8 Check whether any loosening contact, overheating, arcing or
corrosion at uninsulated electric connections exists. Remedies shall be
taken if necessary.
5.4.3.9 Inspect all the bolts and nuts and ensure their fastening.
This is especially important for the fasteners on rotor or the fasteners
which might fall in the rotor due to their looseness.
5.4.3.10 Check whether overheating or corona exists on the main
outgoing line.

5.5 General maintenance

Check to see whether the foundation has any cracks; check whether the
surface of the equipment has any rust, check the tightness of the
fasteners such as the anchor bolts, etc. Check the wear and corrosion
of external cables. Open the cover of the terminal box after motor is
shut down to check the condition of cables, terminal board and
accessories. Open the cover plate on the frame after motor is shut down
to check the condition of the component parts like stator, rotor and etc.

5.5.1 Cooler
5.5.1.1 Air-water cooler
Air-water cooler transfers the heat from recycling air to cooling water
flowing in tube and heat air dissipates by radiator surface outside the
tube. After stopped, the cooling water for air-to-water-cooled motor
must be timely closed in one hour. When environment temperature is
higher than 0 , in case of the cooler stopped working for more than
three days, the cooling water should be drained via drain hole, or

35
drained within one hour after outage. When the cooler runs for the first
time or restarted after outage, the vent on the cooler should be opened
to release the air of the tube of the cooler, before retightened. Sealing
condition of the cooler should be attentively observed during the
machine is turned on and off. Any leakage, if found, should be treated
timely as the case may be, before testing pressure by filling water after
repair, lasting for 30 minutes.

1) Installation of motor cooler

There are 4 16 lifting holes on cooler. If the cooler is vertically
installed, the lifting holes are on the side of the cooler. New sealing
gasket should be used in the joints of airflow lines to prevent air from
leakage. The joints of water flow lines should be lined with seal washer.

2) Removal of cooler
Cooling water should be drained before remove cooler, in the reverse
order as the cooler installed. The cooler should be placed in a right
position. Radiator-fans should be protected from dust and other
damage. Water supply should be cut off for long-term store.

3) Pilot run
Pressure test: after tubes connected, it is suggested to do leakage test
using clean industrial water before pilot run. No cooler is used
immediately after pressure test until the water is drained of the cooler. In
case of the period of stagnation beyond that in given rules, it is a must
to check if the fixed bolt on the end cover of cooler water chamber is
loose, if so, the bolt should be tightened up. If there is any leakage after
the pressure test, it is a must to replace with new sealing gaskets.

Exhaust: The exhaust from cooler should be carried out by the

discharge screw hole on the end cover of water chamber. When running
for first time or restarting after outage, vent hole should be opened to
discharge the air of the core in water chamber of the cooler, before
tightening the bolt on the vent hole of the water chamber of the cooler.

Water flow of cooler: cooling water flow should be based on the design
requirements on motor outline view. Frequent change of water velocity
goes against forming protective film on the surface of cooling tube, but
generating sediment; too big flow rate tends to cause corrosion. For
open cycle, it is not permitted to use the least flow velocity for long-term
work.

In the course of work, the following cooler water flow rate must be kept:

36
Tube material Min. flow velocity (m/s) Max. flow velocity
CuNi10Fe 1.5 2.5
CuNi30Fe 1.5 3.0
T2 1.0 2.0
Stainless steel 1.5 3.0
Ti 1.0 4.0

Protective film: the inherent excellent properties of corrosion resistance

copper alloy, stainless steel and titanium is that they can form a natural
protective film not easy to dissolve. Clean industrial water is required in
water pressure test.

4) Outage of cooler
In open cycle cases, if stopped use for more than three days, the
cooling water in cooler should be drained.

If possible, it is required not to stop cooler running within two months

after pilot run as far as possible.

If the cooler has been stopped use within two months before the cooler
running, or has been stopped use for more than three days, or is
stopped use for more than two weeks later on, it is a must to be
cleaned.

If the cooler has been stopped use just for a very short time, it can be
supplied with water in a low flow velocity, instead of stopping water
supply.

5) Outage under the condition of frost

Winter frost could hurt cooler, so even if for the shortest outage, water
should be drained of cooler.

6) Mechanical cleaning
If precipitation has already generated, the water in cooler should be
drained, tube cleaned before flushed by use of clean industrial water,
and then dried off. If seawater is used as cooler water, or half-salty
cooling water or salt water, low salt-contained clean industrial water
should be used in flushing.

In case of contaminant found in a tube in maintenance, the tube should

be cleaned. All tubes can be cleaned using brush in damp condition.
The end cover of cooler should be installed together with new gasket
after contaminant cleaned out.

37
7) Chemical cleaning
If mechanical cleaning is not successful, chemical cleaning should be
used. Chemical cleaning should be carried out in the place where the
equipment is used. Cleaning job should be done as simple as possible,
and no residue should be remained in cooling system after cleaning,
meanwhile, paying attention to the formation of new protective film.

8) Repair for cooler leakage

Leakage may be caused by tube corrosion or the leakage on the
expanded tube ends. The position of leakage should be found, and it
would be better to remove the cooler and place it on a proper shelf.

Removed cooler should be tested by filled with water. The position

where the water drips can be judged according to water dripping
situation. If necessary, the tubes in the part of leakage can be tested
using water pressure one by one, in order to find out real leaking tube,
therefore, the end cover should be removed.

If necessary, especially the leakage with expanded tube, it is

recommended to place the cooler into a water tank (clean industrial
water) to find out the leaking tube. Exert 0.5 bar pressure in water side,
after that, blow cooler dry by using high pressure gas. Leaking tube
tends to expand again. Defective tube should be blocked with a tapered
tube plug with the material same as that of tube wall, taper of 1:25. Tube
plug should be hammered into the both ends of the leaking tube. End
cover should be installed together with new gasket onto the cooler.
Cooler should be tested by pressure for at least 15 minutes. Pilot run
should be carried out after installation of the cooler. When cooler tube
plug is more than 15%, you are suggested to replace the core of the
cooler. (Provide the delivery number of the motor)

9) Fan (if a cooler is attached with a fan)

Fan consists of motor, impeller and etc. When main motor runs, it
should ensure cooler fan motor running at the same time, meanwhile,
observing that the direction of rotation of the fan is consistent with that
on brand. Especially in run for the first time, it is necessary to check the
direction of rotation and vibration of the fan. The motor for fan should be
serviced regularly, or the motor for fan tends to damage easily.

10) Control device of cooler: cooler should be provided with the control
elements such as leakage alarm device, air pressure element, Pt100
temperature controlling element and etc, if required by user.

38
 Water leakage alarm device: leakage alarm device is installed under
cooler core, giving signal when water is leaking.

Air pressure element: air pressure element is generally set as 500 pa.
Fan begins to work when motor runs. At the outlet of the fan, air
pressure, as a normal condition, is greater than 500. When the fan is
out of order, air pressure element will give out signal when it detects that
wind field and pressure is not effectively established at the outlet of the
fan.

Pt100 temperature element: temperature element will examine the wind

temperature of the cooler at inlet of outlet. Generally, the wind from the
outlet of cooler (at which motor blows in wind) should be less than 40
when inflow water temperature is less than or equal to 33 . Due to the
contaminants in cooling tubes, caused by cooler water, resulting in
air-out temperature of the cooler rising, therefore, normally, the cooler is
designed a bigger allowance, so as not to affect the normal operation of
motor when the air-out temperature of the cooler rises. But when dirt
increases to a certain degree, local blockage may occur. So It is
suggested to set alarm when the air-out temperature of the cooler is
more than or equal to 46 ,and to clean the cooler at that time.

5.5.1.2 Air-to-air cooler

Usually, the air cycle inside motor is driven by fan. The fan can be
installed on axis or driven by the blower fixed on cooler. With different
equipment design, circulation system can adopt symmetric ventilation
structure or other ventilation structures.

External airflow is usually produced by fan. The fan can be installed on

axis or driven by the blower fixed on cooler.

1) Cleaning
Air-to-air cooler should be cleaned regularly. The dust on the mesh
enclosure at the air inlet of cooler and the dirt appearing on radiating
pipes will reduce cooling capacity. The mesh enclosure at the air inlet
should be cleaned in time, as well as the dirt on radiating pipes for
keeping air inlet unobstructed.

2) Maintenance of the cooler equipped with blower

See 5.5.1.1 9) Fan

5.6 Maintenance of bearing and lube system

In the case of flood lubrication sleeve bearing, the lube station shall be

39
 attended according to its O&M instructions.
Note: The operation condition of bearings can't be judged only depending
upon temperature, but the change actual temperature of bearing. Bearings are
required to have temperature measuring device, so as to be able to observe
the change condition of temperature and often look out running status, and
make record timely. If bearing temperature rise is found, with reading higher
than the previous values, it is a must to analyze reasons swiftly. In the
condition that temperature changes but having allowance to alarm temperature,
it can continue to operate, otherwise, it is a must to determine cause in parking
situation. In the case of bearing temperature rising suddenly, machine should
be stopped immediately to check bearings and change oil possibly.

All insulation measures taken in bearings or related components, no

matter what kinds they are, are for prevention of shaft current from electric
corrosion to bearings. It is a must to maintain a good insulation performance.
No short circuit in insulated parts is permitted in the installation of external lines,
instruments and elements.
5.6.1 Rolling bearing
Rolling bearing is a standard replaceable component. The purpose of
lubrication for rolling bearing is to prevent direct metal contact between
bearing surfaces during rolling and sliding to avoid surface corrosion.

There are two different types of basic lubrication methods, grease

lubrication and oil lubrication.

Grease lubrication is usually applied to rolling bearing and the bearing

shall be filled with grease before delivery. The life of lubrication grease
is limited and it will gradually lose its performance under the effect of
mechanical stress and chemical aging.

The bearing shall be re-greased regularly or re-greased per 1500 hours

normally to keep the running temperature not higher than 95 C.

The bearing design ensures the new grease can penetrate bearing and
old grease be drained off. Indication in the name-plate for bearing
maintenance shall be observed.

For the rolling bearing motor with frequency control and (or) shaft center
of 710 mm and above, usually, insulation measure should be taken in
the bearing housing, or insulation bearings be used.

5.6.2 Sleeve bearing

The end-shield type sleeve bearings are mounted on the motor frame.

40
 The clearance between the bush and journal has been fitted during
fabrication, so the bush does not need to be fitted again before
operation. Generally, the bearings must not be subject directly to the
sun if the motor is installed outdoors. Volatile inhibitor is filled in the
end-shield sleeve bearings before the motor is delivered. The bearings
can be cleaned on site with clean oil or kerosene and filled with
lubrication oil before operation, no need to clean the bush specially.

Pedestal sleeve bearings are directly mounted on the base frame. The
bush shall be fitted during installation to have proper clearance with the
shaft journal. The bush is initially fitted before motor delivery, and it shall
be scraped and fitted for several times during installation until normal
sound level and vibration of the bearing achieved, and the bush
temperature is stabilized within a certain scope. The scraped lower half
of the bush shall be checked with the shaft journal. The journal contact
spots should comprise 75 percent of the band, or the jut point shall be
slightly scraped. The clearance between the bush and shaft journal after
fitting shall be 1-1.5 of the shaft diameter. Mounting of the bearings
and scraping of the bushes shall be performed according to the
installation specification. The bushes of the pedestal sleeve bearing are
coated with slushing before delivery and must be carefully cleaned to
remove. The scraping and fitting work on bushes shall be performed on
site before operation of the motor.

The oil rings can be of either single piece or split design. Openings are
provided in the bearing housings through which the oil rings can be
checked for correct functioning (e. g. uniform and smooth running, oil
transport). These openings are located either at both sides or on the top
of each bearing housing. The lateral openings are fitted with sight
windows while the top one is sealed by a plug with integrated vent filter.
Guide bearings are located at the upper and lower position of the
vertical motor. Upper guide bearing and thrust bearing are mounted in
the oil reservoir of upper bearing housing. Radial guide bearing is
composed of several adjustable pads. Thrust bearing can be designed
to withstand only downward thrust or both upward and downward thrust.
Refer to the respective outline drawing or the bearing drawing for the
types of bearing and detailed descriptions agreed with the specific
orders. When necessary, the lubricating oil can be cooled either by a
water cooler, the cooling coils of which are immersed in the oil bath, or
by connection to a separate oil supply system.

5.6.2.1 General points concerning sleeve bearings for horizontal and vertical
motors

41
 The bearing housings of horizontal machines with end shield or
pedestal bearings, and those of vertical machines are all fitted with at
least one oil sight window. The maintenance instruction plate fastened
to the motor shows data such as initial oil fill quantity per bearing, rate of
oil flow per bearing, oil quality, and oil change interval. The lubricating
oil may only be changed when the machine is stationary. When filling oil,
observe the level at the bearing oil sight window on the bearing housing.
The correct level is indicated by a mark at the middle of the sight
window. This oil level is referred to the stationary machine and to an oil
temperature equal to the ambient temperature. During operation, the oil
level in the bearings will rise somewhat. This is absolutely normal and
does not represent a danger of oil overflowing into the machine.

After shutting the motor down, the level should fall to the mark on the
sight window. Whenever the bearing shell or the bearing segments are
changed, run the motor for approximately 3 hours with the new parts
and then drain the oil from the bearing housings. Flush out bearings
with non-halogenous industrial benzene and refill with new oil. This
procedure ensures that any metal particles rubbed off during running-in
of the new bearing shells or segments are removed from the bearing
housing. In the case of sleeve or plain bearings, a bearing inspection
after running on load for 2-3 hours during commissioning or after
changing the shells or segments, still represents the best measure for
prevention of damage. It is strongly recommended that this bearing
inspection not be neglected because of motor availability.

5.6.2.2 Bearing insulation

If insulated bearings are required, the method employed will depend
upon the type of bearing housing.
For horizontal motors with end shield bearings, the end shields are
insulated.
For horizontal machines with pedestal bearings, the pedestals are
insulated from the steel foundation.
For vertical machines, the bearing housing is insulated from the bearing
end shield.

5.6.2.3 Oil change

Oil changing is largely dependent upon the operating time, the number
of switching operations, operating temperatures and the degree of oil
contamination. An oil change can also be necessitated by strong
turbidity or by a sudden increase in temperature without any external
influence. Oil analysis offers the most reliable information as to the oils

42
 integrity. Where large quantities of bearing oil are involved, it is also
advisable to examine the oil characteristics. The first examination is
made during commissioning, with further examinations after 6 or 18
months. Results of these examinations will offer information relative to
extending the oil change interval. The bearing contact surfaces illustrate
whether the bearings are correctly fitted and whether they are suited to
withstand the axial and radial forces arising during operation, and also
offer the best information for judging whether the oil supply to the
bearings is sufficient for their proper lubrication and cooling.

The brand name of lubricating oil and its viscosity for each order are
given on the maintenance data plate.

5.6.2.3.1Sleeve bearings with inherent cooling

In normal cases, the oil is to be changed ( with the machine stationary )
after 4 000 hours of operation, or at the least after one year irrespective
of the number of operating hours. This stipulation takes aging of the oil
into consideration which is an unavoidable factor even if a machine is
often stationary (e. g. stand-by machines, emergency generating sets
etc. )

5.6.2.3.2 Sleeve bearings with oil supply unit

The oil change interval can be as long as approximately 20 000 hours of
operation.

5.6.2.4 Parts subject to wear

When the motor starts up and runs down, it passes through the mixed
friction zone. For example, the shaft speed is too low, and hence also
the pressure produced in the lubricating gap, to allow the shaft to rotate
solely on an oil film. This means that metal-to-metal friction is present
which is unavoidably connected with wear. The speed at which mixed
friction changes to fluid friction and vice versa is called the transition
speed. The transition speed can be kept low by suitable design. For
motor destined to have a large number of run-downs and have a high
transition speed it is recommendable to shorten the run out time by
braking or to provide oil-pressure jacking. Where longer periods of
operation at, or in the vicinity of the transition speed are expected, (e. g.
slow rotation of mill drives) an oil-pressure jacking system must be
employed . It is hard to give a general statement covering replacement
intervals for bearing components. However, the planned inspections
permit timely recognition when bearing parts are worn and need
replacing.

43
 If oil leakage from motor is discovered during the periodical inspections,
the bearing seal dimensions should be checked and replaced if
necessary. The oil rings on horizontal motors are also to be checked
with respect to dimensions and exactness of form if during the
periodical inspections it is noticed that they are not running properly.
See Table 3 for permitted diametrical out-of-roundness.

Table 3 Permitted diametrical out-of-roundness

Inner dia. of oil Deviation value of any two measurements
ring ( mm ) displaced 90 from each other ( mm )
>140 -200 0. 5
>200 - 280 0. 6
>280 - 400 0. 7
>400 - 500 0. 8
>500 - 600 0. 9

5.6.2.5 Inspection
Check the bearings to insure that no foreign material is present. Any
hard particles embedded in the babbitt must be removed and the source
of contamination must be eliminated. Clean the bearings with lintless
rags soaked in clean oil. Examine the babbitt surfaces of both halves for
evidence of unusual conditions. Rub marks in the top half usually result
from misalignment. Rub marks on the babbitted thrust faces usually
indicate axial thrust loads, resulting from improper axial alignment or
failure of the coupling to limit the end float. Refer to Section 3.9 Center
alignment.

Attention shall be paid to any evidence of bearing scoring or loss of the

babbitt metal. Usually, it is the result of overloading on the bearing due
to misalignment or vibration or both.

If the scoring damage is minor, emery cloth can be used to remove

displaced metal or high spots.

Observe the wear pattern on the babbitt surface of the bottom half
bearing shell. Ideally this should appear to be a band of uniform width
extending axially the full length of the lower half and centered on the
bottom of the babbitt surface. If the wear pattern is uneven in width, it
may be due to an improperly fitted bearing or a bent shaft. Isolated
circumferential scratches in the lower bearing babbitt surface may be
due to foreign particles passing through the oil film or due to nicks on
the journal surface. General surface roughness may be due to abrasive
particles in the oil. Check the journal surface for protruding sharp edges

44
 and smooth them off.

Look for pitting on the bearing surface due to bearing current, or

roughness due to corrosion or careless handling. If pitting due to
bearing current is found, determine the source of the short circuit
bypassing the bearing insulation and correct it. Bearing insulation
resistance when checked with a 3 volt ohmmeter shall not indicate a
short circuit. Drain the bearing reservoirs by removing the plug at the
bottom of the bearing housing. Flush out the reservoir with clean oil or
kerosene. Reassemble the drain plug with its copper sealing gasket.
Examine the oil rings for nicks or scratches on the inner diameter and
flat portions of the sides. Carefully remove any raised burrs with a fine
tooth file. If minor scraping of the bearing does not produce satisfactory
results, or if the inspection indicates that the bearing is unsatisfactory,
refer to Section Bearing replacement of this manual for specific
instructions. Thoroughly clean all seal components of dirt, grease, old
sealant and old gasket material. Inspect all seal components for nicks,
burrs, scratches, cracks or other damage. Smooth nicks and burrs with
an appropriate honing stone or emery cloth. Replace damaged or
excessively worn parts. Check fit of floating labyrinth in seal carrier. It
shall fit snugly, but not bind. The seal shall be free to float radially in the
carrier, deburr if needed.

5.6.2.6 Bearing replacement

It is very important to check the fit of a new or re-babbitted bearing shell
to the shaft journal. Following procedure is recommended:
5.6.2.6.1 Check the shaft journal to be sure that there are no
pronounced high spots or sharp edged scratches on its surface.
Carefully remove any high spots or sharp edges with a suitable hone
stone. Check to see that the repair is satisfactory by rubbing a piece of
babbitt metal or solder over the repair with heavy hand pressure and
note whether any soft metal is machined or cut by the spot.
5.6.2.6.2 Examine the new bearing shell in the area of the oil relief,
blend into the bearing bore in the bottom half only. There should be no
sharp edges. Scrape lightly if required to make this a smooth transition,
but do not extend the relief any further by excessive scraping .

5.6.2.6.3Wipe all excess oil from the babbitt surface of the lower shell
half and the journal. Lubricate seat in bearing housing. Roll the lower
shell half into place. Note that for flood lubricated bearings, the oil feed
groove must be to the outboard side of the housing.

CAUTION: When rolling in a lower half shell, take care to

45
 keep hands and fingers out of the way of bearing shell to
prevent personal injury. The shell will start in slowly, but
will accelerate rapidly after it has been rolled in about 30
degrees.

5.6.2.6.4 Check for original machine arranging position.

Release the jack or shaft support to let the journal rest on the lower half
shell. Rotate the shaft three complete revolutions in normal direction of
rotation. Lift the shaft and carefully roll out the lower half shell. Examine
the resulting pattern of high spots as indicated by shiny spots. Ideally,
this pattern should be a band of uniform width 25 to 50 mm wide running
axially along the bottom of the babbitt surface with no skew. The journal
contact spots should comprise 75 percent of the band. If this is not
observed, lightly scrape the existing high spots to change the pattern as
required. Reinstall the lower half shell and repeat the sequence of
rotating the shaft. Removing and scraping the lower half shell until the
desired pattern is obtained.

5.7 Inspection and Maintenance of windings after shutdown

Remove the end shield or air spacer (if any) to check the motor. The
rotor must be pulled out from the stator to inspect and clean the
windings thoroughly. The most effective method will depend upon the
situation and quantity of the dust accumulated on the windings. The
following methods can be used.

5.7.1 Dry cleaning

Cleaning by wiping with a clean, dry, lintless cloth may be satisfactory
when the surfaces to be cleaned are accessible and when only dry dirt
is to be removed. Cotton waste shall not be used because lint will
adhere to the insulation and increase dirt collection. Lint is particularly
objectionable on high-voltage insulation as it tends to cause
concentration of corona discharge.

5.7.2 Brushing and suction cleaning

Dry dust and dirt may be removed by brushing with soft bristle brushes,
followed by vacuum suction cleaning. Do not use wire brushes,this is
not a desirable method since the dirt can scatter and settle on other
motor components.

5.7.3 Blowing
Blowing out dirt with a jet of air should be done only to remove dirt from
almost inaccessible crevices, and only when the motor is dry. Avoid
directing the air in such a way that the dirt will be blown into inner

46
 recesses from which it would be difficult to remove and where it might
clog vent ducts.

CAUTION: Do not use air pressures greater than 0.2 MPa

( 2 kgf/cm2 ) in order to avoid damaging the insulation and
so that dirt will not be blown under loosened insulation.

Be certain that the air is dry and does not contain water
from condensation in the air lines.

5.7.4 Solvent cleaning

Solvent cleaning is particularly effective for removing tar, grease, wax,
and oil from electrical components. The surfaces can be wiped clean
with a cloth wetted by solvent, followed by wiping with a dry lintless cloth.
Cotton waste shall not be used because lint will adhere to the insulation
and increase dirt collection. It is recommended to apply inorganic
volatile solvent or petroleum solvent to clean insulation. The methyl
chloroform solvent which has suppression effect can be applied to clean
the insulation in the field where fire risk exists. This solvent has mild
toxicity although it is not burnt under usual conditions. Thus the room
needs to be locally ventilated when the smell of the solvent vapor is very
strong.

WARNING: When working with solvents, always provide

adequate ventilation in order to avoid fire, explosion, and
health hazards.

As end portion of stator coils are easily subject to damage, carefully

look for deformation, binding loosening, shift and flakes of insulation.
The surface where flakes of insulation fallen shall be wrapped with mica
tape and coated with varnish.

The resistance value of each rotor winding phases shall be measured to

check whether inter-turn short-circuit exists. Rotor winding leads shall
be tightly and reliably fixed, and well insulated.

In the case of repair, if the rotor winding undergoes major process like
insulation treatment, static balance shall be performed. The dynamic
balance must be performed for the motor with the speed of 1450 r/min
and above, or 1000 r/min and below but with long rotor core.

5.7.5 Insulation resistance

Insulation resistance (of a winding) is defined as the resistance of

47
 insulation to a DC voltage which tends to produce leakage currents
through the insulation wall and over its surface.
The insulation resistance of a winding discloses information on the
condition of the winding with regard to moisture absorption and the
degree of dirt deposit. If the minimum value is not attained, the
machine must be dried out and cleaned if necessary.

5.7.5.1 Measuring the insulation resistance

A direct current (DC) voltage is applied between that part of the winding
to be tested and the grounded housing. The resistance measurement is
taken one minute after applying the voltage. Those parts of the winding
not under test and the temperature detectors are to be grounded.
Normally a three-phase winding will be measured as a whole (Fig.11)
and seldom in a phase by phase way (Fig.12). After removing the
voltage, the part of the winding under test must be immediately
grounded.
It is essential to perform the test using a regulated power supply.

Fig.11 Measuring complete winding

Fig.12 Phase-by-phase measuring

The test voltage depends on the adaptability, usually between 500 V

and 2 500 V, following points are to be observed:

48
 A.for low voltage motor, the test voltage shall not be over 500 V.
B. The insulation resistance values actually measured from the test
voltage of 500 ~ 2500V are same.
C. Accordingly, it is suggested to take 500V as required adopted value.

5.7.5.2 Minimum permissible values of insulation resistance

The insulation resistance of motor winding, in hot state, shall not be lower
than the value worked out from the following formula:
R = U / (1000 + P / 100)
Of which: R The insulation resistance of motor winding, M ;
U The rated voltage of motor winding, V;
P The rated voltage of motor, kW.

Before starting motor, the insulation resistance of winding should be

measured and the insulation resistance measured in cold state should
be not less than 1 m /kV, calculated according to the rated voltage of
the winding.

5.7.5.3 Drying the motor

If the insulation resistance is lower than minimum permissible value, It is
advisable to eliminate the moisture in one of the following ways:

A. Energize the space heater until the motor dries out and the
insulation resistance becomes constant.

B. Dry the motor with hot air at approximately 80C. The air is to be
blown through the stationary and de-energized machine.

C. A DC welding machine set at approximately 60% of the rated

machine current will do a satisfactory job.

D. With the rotor locked, using approximately 10% of rated voltage,

pass a current through the stator windings.

The current may be gradually increased until the temperature of the

stator winding reaches 90C. Do not exceed this temperature. Do not
raise the voltage high enough to cause the rotor to turn. Use EXTREME
CAUTION in heating at locked rotor to avoid rotor damage. Maintain a
temperature of 90C until the insulation resistance becomes practically
constant.

CAUTION: It is essential that the heat be brought up

gradually at first to allow the water vapor to find its way out

49
 naturally through the insulation.Rapid heating is likely to
develop such steam pressure in local areas that escape
passage are forced through the insulation, injuring it
permanently. It is generally desirable to consume 15 to 20
hours in bringing the temperature up to the value required
Re-measure the insulation resistance after two to three
hours; if the minimum permissible value has been reached,
taking the influence of temperature into account as
mentioned in Section 5.7.5.2, the drying process may be
terminated and commissioning continued.

5.8 Asynchronous wound rotor motor with fixed brushes (brush unlifted)
Slip ring is a device conducting current between rotor winding and static
brushes. The asynchronous wound rotor motor with fixed brushes is
equipped with collecting rings made of nickel copper alloy or stainless
steel. The brushes shall have adequate contact area, required to be
more than 75% of its section area. A layer of brown patina will be
formed on the contacted surface of the collecting rings after a certain
time of operation. At the initial stage of operation, patina layer on the
collecting rings is not enough to enable the brush to have the minimum
wear. In such case, when the motor operates at no load for several
hours, the brush wear will be more than normal.As the carbon dust
scattered, soon a leakage path is formed, which increases the danger of
flashing. To protect the motor, following checks shall be performed
when putting the motor into operation:

5.8.1 Recording the length of brushes

Measure and record the whole length of brushes corresponding to each
trace on each collecting ring after about 10 hours of operation.

5.8.2 Determining the wearing of brushes

Measure the length of brushes and calculate the wear-out amount of
brushes every 30 hours. The carbon dust on the insulation path of the
collecting ring and brush gear shall be cleared off when the wear-out
amount of a certain brush reaches 4 to 5 mm, calculating from the first
measurement. When the brush wear-out is reduced, measuring interval
can be increased to 60 hours. But the carbon dust must be cleared off
each time when the brush worn out for 4 to 5 mm.

5.8.3 Normal operating conditions

Running-in process shall be considered completed when the wear-out
amount of the brush is less than 6 mm/1 000 hours. Then brush gears
can be serviced according to maintenance schedule instructions.

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5.8.4 Cleaning of brush gear
The slip ring of SEMCs wound rotor motor is of overhung type. Carbon
dust filtering device is equipped with in the slip ring housing. The
filtering device is a feature of enclosed slip ring housing. It is of draw out
type and can be to pull out easily.

The filtering device must be pulled out at regular interval during actual
operation to clear off the carbon dust. The filtering device is of
sandwiched construction, with two layers of steel screen and one layer
of filtering cloth. The filtering cloth shall be replaced when it becomes
damaged or not cleanable. When the protection level of external slip
ring cover is IP23, there is no filtration cloth on filter.

When change brushes, dust over brush holder and insulation parts of
the supporting bolt and between the rings and conducting bolts shall be
cleared off. Degree of dirt deposit on slip rings, lead bolts, and the
insulating parts of the brush gear shall be checked monthly. Carbon ash
should be cleaned up as restarting after outage. The brush gear can
never be washed down with solvent. It is preferable to apply vacuum
cleaner to remove carbon dust over the brushes, brush holders and the
collecting rings. Then blow it out with compressed air. Use clean dry
cloth to wipe it off finally. Small piece of dry cloth shall be used only and
be often changed with new one. Thus the dust can be ensured that
carbon dust is thoroughly cleared off and will not be scattered to other
places. A layer of brown patina containing graphite will be formed over
the surface of slip ring during operation. There will be a smooth surface
after the patina has been formed (after 1000 hours operation),
reflecting like lacquer or bright enamel surface. Color of patina can be
between light grey and black, depending upon the grade of brush,
current density, atmospheric moisture content and temperature. It is
most important that there is an uniform layer of patina beneficial for
operation on the collecting ring circumference over the whole band.
Dont worry over the patina or clear it away.

CAUTION: Never try to polish it unnecessarily to clear away

the layer of patina, even when changing brushes. Petroleum
solvent can only be applied to wipe the brush when it is
adhered by accumulated matters of oil and carbon dust. In
such cases all the brushes shall be dismantled. The brush gear
shall be blown with compressed air after washing down and
then wiped dry with clean oil-less cloth. The brushes shall be
re-mounted after about 24 hours when the remaining solvent
will be volatilized completely. Be sure to make number marks

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 before dismantling the brushes to ensure that the brushes are
mounted in their original holders. The brushes of the other
motors, either in stopped or rotating status, in the same room,
will be harmed by the solvent vapor. Therefore provide
sufficient fresh air in the room to protect the brushes. It is
preferable to use the solvent which has the content of fragrant
chemical as low as possible.

5.9 Disassembly, Cleaning and Reassembly

5.9.1 Disassembly of motor

It is recommended that any procedure of disassembly be written down
in sequential form for reference in re-assembly. Assembly sequence is
opposite to the dismantling. The following is a general process.

Refer to the outline, general assembly and bearing drawing provided by

SEMC for each ordered motor.
Disconnect all cables and leads for power supply, instrumentation,
monitoring equipment and grounding.
In the case of sleeve bearing, drain off oil from both bearings. If the
bearings have a separate flood-oil supply, disconnect the oil feed and
return lines.
Completely remove top-mounted attachment (if provided ).
Remove covers, shields, louvers or ducts.
Remove machine hold-down bolts and dowel pins, and uncouple the
shaft.
Pull coupling hub from shaft extension. If the machine has a coupling at
each end, remove both.
Remove all covers of bearing housings and all thermostats, detectors,
etc. from bearings and then draw bearing housing top halves (for
sleeve bearings) or bearing hubs (for rolling bearings).
Carefully lift stator assembly (with rotor resting in stator bore) straight up
so that assembly clears the foundation. Move stator assembly to
convenient storage or work area.
Disconnect the leads between slip ring and its terminal box for wound
rotor motor, and dismantle the brushes from bush holders.
Remove the circlips from the shaft with circlip pliers and then pull out
deep-groove ball bearings or roller bearings (if provided).
On motors with sleeve-type bearings, the bearing halves are fitted
together with pins. Screw in a suitable eye-bolt and lift off bearing shell
top halves. Then remove stops which prevent bearing shell bottom
halves from turning. Raise rotor at both ends just sufficient to take the
load off the bearing shell bottom halves. With the help of tapped holes

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 in the bottom halves, turn bearing shell bottom halves to top position
and lift off. Unscrew bolts from bearing housing bottom halves, force
the bearing housing bottom halves from spigot seatings in the end
shields and remove it.
Insert pressboard or cardboard into stator bore and lower rotor down into
bore.
Unscrew bolts from end shields, with the help of the forcing holes. Press
off end shields. Screw in eye-bolt and lift both end shields away.
Pull inner seal rings from shaft and remove it.
Before removing rotor from stator, remove the fan and the baffle.
Removing rotor from stator

Be sure there is ample room around the assembly of stator and rotor
for convenience of removing rotor. Protect the shaft journals and
adjacent seal areas with heavy wrappings, thick rubber sheet, for
example.

Fit a steel pipe of suitable inner diameter, length and strength over the
end of the rotor opposite the coupling. Do not place the pipe over the
journal, but locate it instead over the portion of the shaft adjacent to the
rotor core. If this is not possible, make a copper ring with proper
dimensions to fit inside the steel pipe as lining.

Attach lifting slings to the steel pipe and to the portion of the shaft
adjacent to the coupling.

Carefully lift the rotor until it is nearly centered in the air gap. Slowly
move the rotor axially out of the stator towards the drive end or
non-drive end (in special case). Use extreme care not to slide or scrape
the rotor against the stator bore or the stator winding.

When the rotor core has passed through the stator bore and is clear of
the frame end, attach a third sling around the shaft or rotor core at the
end opposite the drive end and adjust the third sling to carry the weight
previously supported by the steel pipe.

Remove the steel pipe and sling attached to it taking care not to bump
or damage the stator winding.

Remove the rotor from the stator bore and set it on a large sheet of thick
cardboard or other suitable material at a convenient location. Block the
rotor in place. The rotor and stator interior are now available for detailed
inspection and maintenance.

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5.9.2 General motor cleaning
The interior and exterior of the motor should be kept free from dirt, oil,
and grease. Oil vapor, particles, fly ash, chemicals or textile dust can
build up and block off ventilation resulting in overheating of the windings.
Conducting dusts shorten insulation creepage distances. Sharp ducts
driven by the rotor fan or vents tend to abrade the stator insulation and
shorten its useful life. Magnetic dust is a particular hazard to insulation
because of the magnetic properties and the agitation by magnetic fields.
Light and relatively harmless dust can be blown out with low pressure
dry air at 0.2 MPa (2 kgf/cm2) or less. Grit, metallic, magnetic, or carbon
dust should be removed by suction with non-metallic suction tips.

5.9.3 Re-Assembly of motor

The motor should be reassembled in the reverse order as described for
disassembling. Ensure all screws inside the motor are tight and
provided with their original locking devices.

6 Description for necessary accessories

6.1 Space heater

When space heaters are specified they are usually mounted at the
underside of the frame. Heater elements are replaceable. When the
motor is shut down for servicing, turn off the power supply of heaters
before personnel are permitted to approach the areas near the heater
wiring. During normal shutdowns heater power is supplied manually or
by automatic controlled from the switchgear.

Before replacing the burnt space heaters, turn off all power to the motor .
Tag these controls to prevent their being closed by mistake. The space
heaters may be replaced as follows.

Remove side cover or covers.

Disconnect leads from heater terminals.
Remove bolts which hold heaters in place.
Place new heater in same location as burnt unit and refasten bolts on
end of heaters.
Replace leads on heater terminals.

Remarks: The heating element of the same specification shall be used

to replace the damaged space heater, and the household heating
components bought from the market shall never be used.

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6.2 Temperature detectors
When temperature detectors are specified, they are of Pt100.

6.2.1 Stator temperature detectors

When these insulated elements are provided, they are located between
upper and lower legs of stator coils in the slots for temperature
monitoring of stator winding. Slots are selected which contain coils of
the same phase. There are an equal number of detectors monitor
winding temperatures of each of the phases. The resistance
temperature detectors (RTD) may be provided with two or three leads.
The three-lead type of detector can compensate the influence of
detector lead on the reading of temperature meter.

Two optional solutions for damaged temperature detectors in stator

windings: Either to apply spare detectors in the windings or to add new
temperature detectors to the end windings when motor is serviced. In
the latter way, the temperature measured will be slightly lower.

6.2.2 Bearing temperature detectors

Bearing temperature detectors may be used to monitor bearing
temperatures, with the type same as that used in stator winding.
The types and stator winding is the same.
Refer to Table 4 for the corresponding relation between resistance
value of Pt100 temperature detectors and temperature.

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 Table 4 Resistance value of Pt100 temperature detectors
and temperature value
Pt100 Temperature Temperature Pt100 Temperature Temperature Pt100 Temperature Temperature
Resistance in In F Resistance in in F Resistance in in F
100.00 0 32.0 123.24 60 140.0 146.06 120 248.0
100.78 2 35.6 124.01 62 143.6 146.81 122 251.6
101.56 4 39.2 124.77 64 147.2 147.57 124 255.2
102.34 6 42.8 125.54 66 150.8 148.32 126 258.8
103.12 8 46.4 126.31 68 154.4 149.07 128 262.4
103.90 10 50.0 127.07 70 158.0 149.83 130 266.0
104.68 12 53.6 127.84 72 161.6 150.57 132 269.6
105.46 14 57.2 128.60 74 165.2 151.33 134 273.2
106.24 16 60.8 129.37 76 168.8 152.04 136 276.8
107.02 18 64.4 130.13 78 172.4 152.83 138 280.4
107.79 20 68.0 130.89 80 176.0 153.58 140 284.0
108.57 22 71.6 131.66 82 179.6 154.32 142 287.6
109.35 24 75.2 132.42 84 183.2 155.07 144 291.2
110.12 26 78.8 133.18 86 186.8 155.82 146 294.8
110.90 28 82.4 133.94 88 190.4 156.57 148 298.4
111.67 30 86.0 134.70 90 194.0 157.31 150 302.0
112.45 32 89.6 135.46 92 197.6 158.06 152 305.6
113.22 34 93.2 136.22 94 201.2 158.81 154 309.2
113.99 36 96.8 136.98 96 204.8 159.55 156 312.8
114.77 38 100.4 137.74 98 208.4 160.30 158 316.4
115.54 40 104.0 138.50 100 212.0 161.04 160 320.0
116.31 42 107.6 139.26 102 215.6 161.79 162 323.6
117.08 44 111.2 140.02 104 219.2 162.53 164 327.2
117.85 46 114.8 140.77 106 222.8 163.27 166 330.8
118.62 48 118.4 141.53 108 226.4 164.02 168 334.4
119.40 50 122.0 142.29 110 230.0 164.76 170 338.0
120.16 52 125.6 143.04 112 233.3 165.50 172 341.6
120.93 54 129.2 143.80 114 237.2 166.24 174 345.2
121.70 56 132.8 144.55 116 240.8 166.98 176 348.8
122.47 58 136.4 145.31 118 244.4 167.72 178 352.4

6.3 Surge protection equipment

Surge protection equipment will be built according to customer's
specification, containing lightning arresters, surge capacitors and
current transformer. This equipment may be attached to a rotating motor
or free standing and wired into the circuit with a minimum of labor,
thereby achieving protection for the motor against line surge from
switching, faults or lightning, and at the same time providing maximum

56
 safety for operating personnel by enclosing energized equipment.

7 Trouble-shooting
Early identification of abnormal operation symptoms and rapid
remediable action are essential as a means of preventing a minor fault
from developing into larger problem later on.

The trouble-shooting instructions below are a guide to trace and

remedy possible faults. Always disconnect the motors main power
leads before attempting to trace a fault.

The following is a summary of the more commonly encountered

problems, their probable causes, and what to look for:

7.1 Low insulation resistance

Refer to table 5 for insulation resistance faults.

Table 5 Insulation resistance trouble

Fault Possible cause Remedy
Low insulation Moisture, dirt, Motor cleanliness.
resistance conductive particles Clean and dry out as required.
or other contaminants
Mechanical damage Check coil bracing and wedging.
Check for foreign objects or
excessive vibration.
Excessive Check for overloads, ventilation
temperature restrictions, excessive dirt build up,
unbalanced voltages.
Improper voltage.

7.2 Starting problems

Refer to Table 6 for starting faults.

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 Table 6 Starting trouble
Fault Possible cause Remedy
Motor is At least two supply Check fuses, supply leads and
completely dead leads open-circuited terminals.
No voltage Check main supply leads.
Motor hums but One stator or rotor Check supply leads and
will not start phase open-circuited breaker.
Motor will not start Excessive load torque Remedy drive faults.
under load but Uncouple motor and check
emits normal no-load operation.
magnetic noise Main voltage too low Measure main voltage
Open-circuited rotor circuit (in Check rotor circuit
the case of wound rotor ) (starter and supply leads)
Motor idles but will One main supply lead Check supply leads
not take on load open-circuited after starting

7.3 Vibration and Noise

Refer to Table 7 for faults about vibration and noise.

Table 7 Vibration and noise trouble

Fault Possible cause Remedy
Vibration, noise Rotor imbalance Re-check with motor uncoupled from
load.
loose mounting or poor Re-tighten bolts, check shims, stiffen
foundation mounting.
Parts rubbing shaft Consider to expand gap properly.
Broken cage bar Vibration amplitude is modulated with
time, most likely to occur under load
Coupling imbalance Check to see if excess key part is
trimmed off.
Misalignment Realign motor.
Restore correct foundation level .
Motor support Large vibration amplitude at motor feet
structural resonance disappears quickly with speed change
or when motor de-energized.
Out of round journal Dismantle motor and repair the
journal.

7.4 Hot bearing

Refer to Table 9 for overheating fault of bearings.

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 Table 8 Hot bearing trouble
Fault Possible cause Remedy
Bearing Improper lubricant See lubrication nameplate for
overheating recommended grease or oil.
Improper oil level Check the oil level.
Oil ring stuck Check ring for roughness and
guides for alignment.
Excessive load Check alignment.
Look for axial thrust loading.
Check for bent shaft.
Rough bearing Check for displaced babbitt, pitting due
surfaces to bearing Currents, corrosion.
Check bearing insulation if bearing
surface is pitted.
Scrape or re-fit bearing.
Polish journal if required.

7.5 Motor overheating

Refer to Table 8 for overheating faults of motor.

Table 9 Motor overheating trouble

Fault Possible cause Remedy
Motor overheats Wrong stator winding Restore correct connections as per
when idling at connection ( e.g. delta diagram.
minimum load instead of star)
Voltage too high Check main voltage and no-load
current
Loss of cooling due to Clean air passages.
blocked air passages
Wrong direction of fan Check fan and direction of rotation.
rotation (motor
designed for a single
direction of rotation )
Motor overheats Motor overload Check current.
under load Voltage too high or too Check voltage.
low
Motor single-phasing Trace break in supply lead.
Rotor fouling stator Check air gap.
Local overheating Inner-turn shorts in Strip motor for close inspection.
in stator stator (some coils over- Contact SEMC.
heated, look singed). If necessary, return the motor to the
factory.

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7.6 Oil leaks
Refer to Table 10 for oil leakage of bearings.

Table 10 Oil leaks trouble

Fault Possible cause Remedy
Oil leaks Excessive gap The seals are to be checked at the
between penetration points for leakage.
sealed surfaces
Breather vent plugged Check for obstruction in vent
Incorrect grade of oil Check lubrication nameplate for
proper oil grade

8 Service and Spare parts

Upon product delivery, technical support and service can be acquired
by contacting SEMCs After-sales service department. Besides
information about mechanical structure, electromagnetic parameter and
insulation technology, local support to installation, commissioning,
maintenance, trouble shooting and service can be provided.

Spare parts are motor parts subject to wear, including brushes and
brush holders and bushes of sleeve bearing. Recommended spare
parts include one set of brush and 1/4 set of brush holder of the quantity
for one motor.

Recommended spare parts for sleeve bearing cover bearing bush or

pads, for horizontal motor or vertical motor. Spared sleeve bearing for
horizontal motor includes bush(s) of various size (axial thrust pad not
included), one bush (two halves) for each size. In the case of motor with
bushes of same size at both ends, only one bush is recommended; for
motor with bushes of different size at each end, two bushes (one of
each size) are recommended. For vertical motor, two pieces of pads
each for upper and lower guide bearing and thrust bearing are
recommended.

Spare parts shall be supplied when the same are covered by order
scope. Spare parts beyond the recommended scope can also be
supplied per order stipulation. When place order, information like
quantity and unit of spare parts shall be clearly mentioned.

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Revised in Feb. 2012
SHANGHAI ELECTRIC MACHINERY CO.,LTD.(SEC)
555 Jiangchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai, China
Tel: 86-21-64638221 (ex) Customer Service : 400-880-3505 or 54750107
Fax: 86-21-64632422 (8:00 am~ 5:00pm every morning)
Postcode: 200240 Fax: 86-21-34050278 (24 hours)
E-mail: chenqh4@shanghai-electric.com

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