Franz Joseph

Emperor of Austria Hungary

General Information

Born: August 18, 1830, Schnbrunn Palace, Vienna,

Austria

Died: November 21, 1916, Schnbrunn Palace, Vienna,

Austria

The eldest son of Archduke Francis Karl and Sophia,

Princess Sophia of Bavaria

 General Information

He and his three other siblings Karl Ludwig, Franz Joseph, Maximilian and Ludwig Viktor
General Information

He married to Empress Elisabeth and had four children

1. Archduke Rudolf

2. Archduchess Gisela

3. Archduchess Marie Valerie

4. Archduchess Sophie of Austria

 General Information

1. He was emperor of Austria in 1848 at the age of 18

2. He became the king of Hungary at the age of 37

3. By 1914, he rarely left his palace, however, this was

not due to the fear of the assassination.

 The era of Absolutism
1. This was around 1848 to 1860.

2. He glued the Empire together

3. He was almost assassinated

Industrialisation and loss

1. The constitution was passed in 1861 to reform.

2. Austria lost Italian War of independence as well as

as Austro-Prussian War, triggering the downfall.

3. He formed the state of Dualism.

Austria- Hungary
General information
 General information

Population: 48.5 million

Capital: Vienna

Participant in the war: 28 July 1914

Entered the war: 28 July 1914

Ceased hostilities: 4 November 1918

 Military Forces
Army Fleet (1914)

Peacetime strength 1914: 415,000 Battleships (Dreadnoughts): 3

Reserves 1914: 1.4 million Battleships (pre-Dreadnoughts): 12

Full mobilisation 1914: 1.8 million Cruisers: 3

Total mobilised during the war: 8 million Light cruisers: 4

Navy Destroyers: 18

Peacetime strength 1914: 20,000 Submarines: 14

 Battle that Austria- Hungary involved

Gallipoli campaign

Battle of Antivari

Serbian Campaign

Battle of Bucharest
WORLD WAR 1
FRANZ JOSEPH & HIS ACTION
 Conflicts with Bosnia-Herzegovina

1. Austria annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina in 1908.

2. This annexation brought the unsettling consequence

a. Dissatisfaction of some from the West.

b. Serb wanted a pan-slav state.

3. The two balkans war events intensify the issues.

 Before World War 1

Bogdan eraji: 22 years old Serb medical student was

intended on killing Emperor Franz Joseph at the opening

of new parliament in Sarajevo in June 1910.

The assassination of Franz
Ferdinand
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria,

and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, occurred on

28 June 1914 in Sarajevo were shot to death by Gavrilo

Princip by in Sarajevo.
 July crisis

He decided that he should take military action

against Serbia to cut down the side.

It was July 23 when he present Serbia with a

harsh ultimatum.
 July crisis

Serbia agreed to most of the ultimatum except the joint

Austro-Serbian judicial inquiry.

The Austrian rejected that and on 28 July mobilized

their forces in the Balkans.

 The Ultimation
The public condemnation of separatist activists

The banning of publication and establishment of

any organizations that pose threat to

Austria-Hungary

The joint Austro-Serbian judicial inquiry.

 His declaration of war
He explained that Serbia was openly hostile and her

intolerable activities needed to be stopped. He also said

that he had faith in his people too.

The Reason that they took such a hard line

1. There are some secret organization that contributed

2. They were polyglot and were in the danger of

disintegration
Count Leopold Von Berchtold
He was first appointed to be ambassador to Russia in 1907

He was served as Emperor Franz Josephs foreign minister

Berchtold brought up the idea of having war with Serbia.

Count Leopold Von Berchtold

With the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, he saw it as an

opportunity to invade Serbia.

He then persuaded Franz Joseph to agree to the ultimatum, and

convinced Franz Joseph to declare the war.

He later was forced to resign on 13 January 1915

 The impact of the death of emperor Franz Joseph

He died on 21 November 1916, Schnbrunn Palace, Vienna, Austria-Hungary (now Austria) due to the pneumonia
Issue of succeed

a. His only son, Rudolf, committed suicide in 1889.

b. His wife, Elisabeth was assassinated in Geneva in 1989.

c. Both of his brothers died early.

d. Archduke Franz Ferdinand [Karl Ludwigs son]

 Karl I

He refused to swear loyalty to the constitution

He put effort to end the war

This eventually pushed to the limit and turn the

favor into Allies

 Karl I

Karl renounced his constitutional powers. Although

he attempted to gain his throne back in the following

March, he was forced to exile into Switzerland and

deposed by an Austrian court.

 Timeline & Event
June 28: Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip.

July 23: Austria-Hungary presented ultimatum to Serbia

July 28: Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia

August 1: Germany declares war on Russia.

August 3: Germany declares war on France.

August 6 - Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia and Serbia declares war on Germany.

** Due to his age, he could not actively participate in the world war.
 The end of the war

1. Austria-Hungary dissolved. The Hungarian government terminated the personal union with Austria by October

31,1918.

2. It was divided into Austria, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia.

3. Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye was signed between newly formed Republic of Austria and Allies

4. Treaty of Trianon was signed between newly formed Republic of Hungary and Allies
 Important Quote During World War 1

1. Terrible! The Almighty cannot be provoked! A Higher Power has restored that order which

unfortunately I was unable to maintain." [His response when hearing about the assassination ]

2. "Now we can no longer hold back. It will be a terrible war." [the German "blank check"]

3. "Also Doch! (It has come after all!)" [Serbian mobilization]

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