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15. ABBREVIATION USED IN DEDUCTIVE GEOMETRY

B. Properties of Circle

No. Diagram Given Condition Conclusion Abbreviation

from centre to chord

1 O
OM AB AM = MB
bisects chord
A M B

line joining centre to

2 O
AM = MB OM AB mid-pt of chord
A B
chord
M

O CM AB and CM passes through bisector of chord

3
AM = MB O passes through centre
A B
M
C
P

equal chords,
N O
4 B
AB = PQ OM = ON equidistant from
centre
Q M
A
B
M
A
chords equidistant
5 O OM = ON AB = CD
from centre are equal
D
C N

C The angle at the centre

and the angle at the
circumference are at centre twice at
6 O AOB = 2ACB
subtended by the ce
A B same arc (i.e. arc AB
in this case)
C

A
AB is a diameter and
7 O ACB = 90o in semi-circle
C is a point on circle
B

converse of in semi-
8 B ACB = 90o AB is diameter
A O circle

C D

s in the same
9 AB is a chord ACB = ADB
O segment
B
A
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No. Diagram Given Condition Conclusion Abbreviation

D
C

ABCD is a cyclic A + C = 180o

10 opp. s, cyclic quad.
O quadrilateral B + D = 180o
B
A
D
One side of a cyclic
C quadrilateral is
11 ADC = EBC ext. , cyclic quad.
O produced to form an
A B
exterior angle
E

C
D
ACB = ADB
A, B, C and D are converse of s in the
12 and both C and D are
concyclic same segment
on the same side of AB
A B

D
A + D = 180o A, B, C and D are
13 opp. s supp.
B + C = 180o concyclic

A B

D
C
ABE is a straight line A, B, C and D are
14 ext. = int. opp.
ACD = DBE concyclic
A B E

O
15(i) D AOB COD AB = CD equal s, equal chords
A

B
C

O
15(ii) D AB = CD AOB COD equal chords, equal s
A

B
C

16(i)
O
D AOB COD

AB CD equal s, equal arcs
A

B
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No. Diagram Given Condition Conclusion Abbreviation

C

16(ii) O D

AB CD AOB COD equal arcs, equal s
A

B
D

17(i)
C

O

AB CD AB = CD
equal arcs, equal
chords
A
B
D

17(ii)
C

O
AB = CD

AB CD
equal chords, equal
arcs
A
B

18 O
C

AOB : COD = m : n

AB : CD m : n
arcs prop. to s at
centre

A B
D

19 ADB : BDC = m : n

AB : BC m : n arcs prop. to s at ce
C
A B

O AB is the tangent to
21 the circle at the point AB OT tangent radius
T
A T B

O
ATB is the tangent converse of tangent
22 ATB OT
to the circle at T. radius

A T B

P
Two tangents drawn
O
from an external point
23(i) TP = TQ tangent prop.
T T meet the circle at
points P and Q
Q
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No. Diagram Given Condition Conclusion Abbreviation

P
Two tangents drawn
from an external point
23(ii) O TOP = TOQ tangent prop.
T T meet the circle at
points P and Q
Q
P
Two tangents drawn
from an external point
23(iii) O OTP = OTQ tangent prop.
T T meet the circle at
points P and Q
Q
B

PQ is the tangent to
24 BCA = BAP in alt. segment
C the circle at point A

P A Q

PQ is the tangent converse of in alt.

25 BCA = BAP
C to the circles at A segment

P A Q

O A O'

Two circles touch

Touching externally
each other (either OAO and OOA prop. of two touching
26
externally or are straight lines circles
internally)
O' A
O

Touching internally