MATHEMATICS (EXTENSION 1)

2011 Preliminary Course Assessment Task 1

General instructions Class (please )

Working time 50 minutes. 11M3A Mr Weiss

Commence each new question on a new page. 11M3B Mr Ireland

Write using blue or black pen. Where 11M3C Mr Berry

diagrams are to be sketched, these may be
done in pencil. 11M3D Mrs Collins

Board approved calculators may be used. 11M3E Mr Lam

All necessary working should be shown in 11M3F Mr Fletcher/Ms Everingham

every question.

Attempt all questions.

At the conclusion of the examination, bundle

the booklets used in the correct order
within this paper and hand to examination
supervisors.

NAME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . # SHEETS USED: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Markers use only.

QUESTION 1 2 3 4 Total %

MARKS
17 10 31 19 77
2 2011 Mathematics (Extension 1) Preliminary Course Assessment Task 1

Question 1 (17 Marks) Commence a NEW page. Marks

(a) Which of the following are functions? 3

i. ii. iii.
y y y
b

x x x
bc

(b) For the function g(x) = x + 3x, find
i. g(4) 1
2


ii. g x 1

(c) Sketch, showing the essential features.

i. y = |x| + 2 2
4
ii. y = 2
x2
iii. y = 4 x2 2
iv. (x 2)2 + y 2 = 9 2

(d) Consider the function y = 9 x2
i. State the domain and range. 2
ii. Sketch the function. 1

(e) Find the largest possible domain for f (x) = x4+ 7 x. 1

Question 2 (10 Marks) Commence a NEW page. Marks

b b

(a) Express 0.378 as a simplest fraction. 2

(b) If 2 6 = x, find x. 1

(c) Simplify 18 + 8 2 fully. 1

(d) Expand and simplify:

2
i. 2 3 + 5 . 2



ii. 73 7+3 . 1

(e) Rationalise the denominator and express in simplest form:

1
i. . 1
2 3
3
ii. . 2
2+ 5

MARCH 10, 2011 NORTH SYDNEY BOYS HIGH SCHOOL

2011 Mathematics (Extension 1) Preliminary Course Assessment Task 1 3

Question 3 (31 Marks) Commence a NEW page. Marks

(a) Solve for x:

i. x2 = 2x. 2
ii. 3x2 2x 5 = 0. 2
1
iii. 2x = . 2
8

(b) Expand and simplify:

i. (2m + n)(3m + 2n). 1
ii. 3b + 2a 7c (2c + a + b). 1

(c) Simplify fully:

i. 3a2 b 6a3 b4 . 1
30x3 y 2
ii. . 1
(6x2 )3

(d) Given v 2 = u2 2as, find v correct to 3 significant figures if u = 31.6, a = 9.8 2

and s = 40.

(e) Factorise the following:

i. k2 7k + 10. 2
ii. 27k3 8t3 . 2
iii. 6d2 + 5d 21. 2

(f) Simplify:
1 c
i. + . 1
a b
2 3
ii. . 2
x x(x + 4)
(x2 4)(3x + 1)
iii. . 2
(9x2 1)(x + 2)
(
y = 11x 28
(g) Solve simultaneously: 2
y = x2 4

(h) Solve:
i. |3x + 2| < x 3 3
2
ii. 3 3
x1

NORTH SYDNEY BOYS HIGH SCHOOL MARCH 10, 2011

4 2011 Mathematics (Extension 1) Preliminary Course Assessment Task 1

Question 4 (19 Marks) Commence a NEW page. Marks

x2
(a) On separate sets of axes, sketch the functions y = |x| and y = . Explain the 3
|x|
difference between them.

(b) Is f (x) = x3 x an even or odd function? Explain your answer. 2

(c) A function is defined as follows:

x + 2
if x < 1
f (x) = x2 if 1 x 2

2 if x > 2



i. Find f (2) + f (3) + f 3 . 1
ii. Sketch the graph of this function. 3

(d) Find the value of a for this continuous, piecewise defined function: 1
(
2 x if x < 2
f (x) =
x2 + a if x 2

x+4
(e) Sketch the graph of f (x) = , showing all important features. 4
x1

(f) i. Sketch the graph of y = x2 6, labelling all intercepts. 1

ii. On the same set of axes, carefully sketch the graph of y = |x|. 1
iii. Find the x coordinates of the two points where the graphs intersect. 2
iv. Hence solve the inequality x2 6 |x|. 1

End of paper.

MARCH 10, 2011 NORTH SYDNEY BOYS HIGH SCHOOL

2011 Mathematics (Extension 1) Preliminary Course Assessment Task 1 SOLUTIONS 5

Question 1 iv. (2 marks)

X [1] for shape.
(a) (3 marks) (ii) & (iii) are functions.
X [1] for centre.
y
(b) i. (1 mark)
3
g(4) = 4 + 3 4 = 14
ii. (1 mark)
x
g(x2 ) = x2 + 3x2 = x + 3x2 1 5
2

(c) i. (2 marks) 3
X [1] for shape
X [1] for showing 2 points.
y (d) i. (2 marks)
D = {x : 3 x 3}
3
R = {y : 0 y 3}
ii. (1 mark)
x
1 y
ii. (2 marks)
X [1] for shape 3
X [1] for asymptotes.
2
y 1
x
3 2 1 1 2 3

x (e) (1 mark)
2
2
x4+ 7x
f (x) =

Domain for y = x 4:

x40
iii. (2 marks)
x4
X [1] for shape

X [1] for intercepts. Domain for y = 7 x:
y p
y = 7 x = (x 7)
4 (x 7) 0
x70
3
x7
2

Hence the domain of y = x 4+ 7 x
1
is
x
2 1 1 2 D = {x : 4 x 7}

NORTH SYDNEY BOYS HIGH SCHOOL LAST UPDATED MARCH 25, 2011
6 2011 Mathematics (Extension 1) Preliminary Course Assessment Task 1 SOLUTIONS

Question 2 ii. (2 marks)

X [1] for multiplying by conjugate
(a) (2 marks) of denominator in numerator &
denominator.
X [1] for 1000x.
X [1] for final answer.
X [1] for final answer.

3 25 63 5
=
2 + 5 2 5 45
x = 0.37878
10x = 3.787878 = 3 56
1000x = 378.7878
Question 3
990x = 375
375 25 (a) i. (2 marks)
x= = X [1] for changing subject to 0.
990 66
X [1] for final solutions.

(b) (1 mark)
x2 = 2x

2 6 = 24 x2 2x = 0
x = 24 x(x 2) = 0
x = 0, 2
(c) (1 mark) ii. (2 marks)
X [1] for correct factorisation.
18 + 8 2 = 3 2 + 2 2 2 X [1] for final solutions.

= 4 2
3x2 2x 5 = 0
(d) i. (2 marks) (3x 5)(x + 1) = 0
X [1] for expanding correctly. 5
X [1] for simplifying expanded
x = , 1
3
answer.
iii. (2 marks)
1
X [1] for identifying 8 = 23 .
 2 X [1] for final solution.
2 3 + 5 = 12 + 5 + 4 15

= 17 + 4 15 1
2x = = 23
8
ii. (1 mark) x = 3
   
73 7 + 3 = 7 9 = 2 (b) i. (1 mark)

(2m + n)(3m + 2n) = 6m2 + 7mn + 2n2

(e) i. (1 mark)
ii. (1 mark)
3b + 2a 7c (2c + a + b)
1 3
3 =
2 3 3 6 = 3b + 2a 7c 2c a b
= a + 2b 9c

LAST UPDATED MARCH 25, 2011 NORTH SYDNEY BOYS HIGH SCHOOL
2011 Mathematics (Extension 1) Preliminary Course Assessment Task 1 SOLUTIONS 7

(c) i. (1 mark) iii. (2 marks)

X [1] for factorising fully.
3a2 b 6a3 b4 = 18a5 b5 X [1] for final answer.

ii. (1 mark)
(x2 4)(3x + 1)
30x3 y 2 6
5 x3 y 2 5y 2 (9x2 1)(x + 2)
 2)(3x 
= =  +2)(x
(x + 1)
(6x2 )3 62 6
x6 x3 36x3 = 
 
(3x 1) +
(3x  1) +2)
(x
x2
(d) (2 marks) =
3x 1
X [1] for v 2 = 214.56.
X [1] for v to 3 s.f.
(g) (2 marks)
(
y = 11x 28
v 2 = u2 2as y = x2 4
v 2 = (31.6)2 2 9.8 40
Equating,
= 214.56
v = 14.6 (3 s.f.) x2 4 = 11x 28
x2 11x + 24 = 0
(x 3)(x 8) = 0
(e) i. (2 marks)
x = 3, 8
2
k 7k + 10 = (k 5)(k 2) y = 5, 60
Hence the point of intersection is
ii. (2 marks)
(3, 5) and (8, 60) .
27k3 8t3 = (3k 2t)(9k2 + 6kt + 4t2 )
(h) i. (3 marks)
iii. (2 marks) X [2] for finding x intercepts 25 and
1
4.
6d2 + 5d 21 = (3d + 7)(2d 3) X [1] for final solution.

(f) i. (1 mark) |3x + 2| < x 3

1 c b + ac Squaring both sides,

+ =
a b ab
(3x + 2)2 < (x 3)2
ii. (2 marks) (3x + 2)2 (x 3)2 < 0
X [1] for creating a common
  
(3x + 2) (x 3) (3x + 2) + (x 3) < 0
denominator.
(2x + 5)(4x 1) < 0
X [1] for final answer.
52 < x < 1
4

2 3 2(x + 4) 3 Testing for x = 0 (which falls within

=
x x(x + 4) x(x + 4) x(x + 4) the interval 25 < x < 14 ):
2x + 8 3 |3(0) + 2| = 2
=
x(x + 4)
0 3 = 3
2x + 5
= but 2 6< 3. Hence there are
x(x + 4)
no real solutions .

NORTH SYDNEY BOYS HIGH SCHOOL LAST UPDATED MARCH 25, 2011
8 2011 Mathematics (Extension 1) Preliminary Course Assessment Task 1 SOLUTIONS

Alternatively, examine cases: As x 6= 1,

3x + 2 0, i.e. x 32

3x + 2 < x 3
2x < 5 5
x < 1 or x
5 3
x<
2
But there is no solution such that
x 23 and x < 25 . Hence
no solution to this branch .
3x + 2 < 0, i.e. x < 23 . Alternatively,
(3x + 2) < x 3
3x 2 < x 3
4x > 1 2
3
1 x1
x>
4 2 3(x 1)
0
Again there is no x that exists x1 x1
2 3x + 3
such that x > 41 and x < 32 . So 0
x1
no solution to this branch .
3x + 5
Hence there are no real solutions. 0
x1
ii. (3 marks)
X [1] for multiplying by square of
denominator on both sides.
Drawing a table of values for 3x+5
X [1] for obtaining (x1)(3x5) 0.
and x 1 and testing values for each
X [1] for final solution. of these expressions (values tested
are shown in parentheses):
2
3 5
x1 (x1)2 x (0) 1 (1.1)
3
(2)
(x1)2
sign of:
+ + 0
Note: x 6= 1 3x + 5
sign of:
+ +
2(x 1) 3(x 1)2 x1
result:
3(x 1)2 2(x 1) 0 3x+5 + 0

x1
(x 1) 3(x 1) 2 0
(x 1)(3x 5) 0
From the table,

3x + 5
0
2 x1

bc b x when x < 1 or x 35 .
1 5 2
3

LAST UPDATED MARCH 25, 2011 NORTH SYDNEY BOYS HIGH SCHOOL
2011 Mathematics (Extension 1) Preliminary Course Assessment Task 1 SOLUTIONS 9

Question 4 (d) (1 mark)

(a) (3 marks)
(
y y 2x if x < 2
f (x) =
x2
x2 + a if x 2
1 y = |x| 1 y=
|x| f (2 ) = 2 2 = 0
x bc x
f (2) = 22 + a = 0
1 1 1 1
a = 4
x2
The graph of y = is essentially the
|x|
same as y = |x| but x 6= 0 for the former . (e) (4 marks)

(b) (2 marks) X [2] for hyperbola.

X [2] for asymptotes.
f (x) = x3 x
f (x) = (x)3 (x) f (x) = (x3 x)
= x3 + x = x3 + x

As f (x) = f (x), the function is odd . x+4 x1+5

y= =
x1 x1
x1 5 5
(c) i. (1 mark) = + =1+
x1 x1 x1

x + 2 if x < 1

f (x) = x2 if 1 x 2

2 if x > 2 Confirming the asymptotes:

f (2) = 2 + 2 = 0
f (3) = 2
   2
5
f 3 = 3 =3 y = 1 +
  1 1 x1
f (2) + f (3) + f 3 =02+3 (y 1)(x 1) = 5
= 1 y 6= 1 x 6= 1

ii. (3 marks)
X [1] for each piece of the graph.
y
y

4 b

1
x
4 1
bcb 1
x 4
2 2
2 bc

NORTH SYDNEY BOYS HIGH SCHOOL LAST UPDATED MARCH 25, 2011
10 2011 Mathematics (Extension 1) Preliminary Course Assessment Task 1 SOLUTIONS

(f) i. (1 mark) Case 2: x < 0:

y
4 x2 6 = x
y = |x|
2 x2 + x 6 = 0

6 (x + 3)(x 2) = 0
x
2 2 6 x = 3, 2
2
4 Testing values:
6 y= x2 6 x = 3:

ii. (1 mark) see above. |3| = 3

2
(3) 6 = 3
iii. (2 marks)
x2 6 = |x| x = 2:
Case 1: x 0
|2| = 2
x2 6 = x 2
2 6 = 4 6 = 2
x2 x 6 = 0
(x 3)(x + 2) = 0
x = 3 or 2
x = 3, 3
Testing values:
x = 2:
Note it is possible to find the
|2| = 2
points of intersection graphically.
(2)2 6 6= 2
iv. (1 mark)
x = 3:
|3| = 3 3 x 3
2
3 6 = 96= 3

LAST UPDATED MARCH 25, 2011 NORTH SYDNEY BOYS HIGH SCHOOL