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0 Introduction
Speed is the rate of movement of a vehicle, generally expressed in kilometres per hour.
A spot speed study is a study of traffic speed at one point or spot on a traffic way. It consists
of a series or a sample of observations of the individual speeds at which vehicles are
approaching an intersection or passing a point at a non-intersection location. These
observations are used to estimate the speed distribution of the entire traffic stream at that
location, under the conditions prevailing at the time of the study.
Spot speed studies can be used to study speeds at problem locations in order to determine
whether speeds are too high and if complaints received are justified, for accident analysis in
order to determine the relationship of speed to accidents which may help in developing
corrective measures, and for before-and-after studies in order to evaluate the effect of some
change in controls or conditions,
In relation with this study, there has been several complaints of vehicles speeding along the
UTHM-Fujitsu section of road. This poses a danger to motorists, pedestrians and cyclists as
there is a lot of activity in the area. Furthermore, there is plenty of right-turning movements
along this stretch of road, with no storage lanes provided for right-turners. This is dangerous
because the right-turners stop on the fast lane and have no protection.
2.0 Objective
2. Use the cone and stopwatch for time taken to measure the speed of vehicles according to
their respective vehicle class Class 1 (Motorcycles), Class 2 (Cars), Class 3 (Vans & Medium
Trucks), and Class 4 (Large Trucks & Buses).
3. The distance for data to be collected is measured with odometer from starting point to desired
distance
4. Cone was placed at initial starting point and at the end of spot which data will be collected.
4. Vehicle entered starting point at initial cone and the taken is started.
5. Vehicle pass through second cone the time taken is stopped and the time for the vehicle
travel is recorded.
a) Mean speed
b) Median speed
c) Mode speed
d) 85-th Percentile speed
e) Standard deviation
f) Pace
9. Does your findings justify the problem of speeding at the location? If it does, what are your
recommendations?
5.0 Data Analysis & Results
Form SS1
56.20 54.86 54.86 57.60 37.77 45.18 51.20 76.80 32.91 37.77
1. Mean speed
i i
= i
2. Median speed
3. Median
fL = cumulative number of observation up to the lower limit of the class in which the median
lies
3. Varience
( i i )^2
i (i ^2)
i
Variance S2 = i1
4. Standard deviation
Terminology
Pace = the 10 km/h range in speed in which the highest number of observation was recorded
85th Percentile Speed = the speed at or below which 85 percent of the motorists drive on a
given road unaffected by slower traffic or poor weather
1. Class 1 (Motorcycles)
Mean speed: 58.94 km/h
Maximum speed: 76.8 km/h
Minimum speed: 36.57 km/h
Class 2 (Cars)
Mean speed: 39.39 km/h
Maximum speed: 60.00 km/h
Minimum speed: 28.13 km/h
Comment:
2.
a) Median
( )
2
Median = Lm + ( )C
(76.5)45
Median = 44.5 + ( ) (5)
27
Median = 50.33
b) Mean
Mean
i i
= i
7141
= 153
= 46.67 km/hr
c) Mode
1
Mode = Lm + (1+2)C
d1= 31-27 = 4
d2 = 31-13 = 18
4
Mode = 49.5 + (4+18)5
Mode = 50.41
d) Varience
( i i )^2
i (i ^2)
2 i
Variance S = i1
(7141)^2
(418847)
Variance S2 = 153
1531
Variance S2 = 562.85
e) Standard deviation
g) Pace
6.0 disscusion
7.0 conclusion
8.0 references