TES-ELEC-FACGND Facility General Grounding Specification (CDN-US-MEX)

TransCanada Engineering Specification
TES-ELEC-FACGND Facility General Grounding

Specification (CDN-US-MEX)
EDMS No.: 008835534 Rev.: 00 Status: Issued Effective Date: 2014-Nov-06
DOCUMENT HISTORY
00 Description Effective Date
New document. 2014-Nov-06
Rationale Statement Responsible Engineer
This document was developed in order to address the following requirements:
Lai Man
To provide instruction for grounding design and installation for TCPL and 3rd parties.
Impact Assessment Summary Team Owner
N/A Electrical Engineering
Library: EDMS General Page 2 of 14

Owner: Electrical Engineering Classification Code: DE-16
UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED LATEST CONTROLLED COPY IN EDMS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE
REGULATORY
Section Description of Change
N/A.
INDUSTRY STANDARDS
N/A.
GENERAL
This Specification is a new document.
DEVIATION FROM THIS SPECIFICATION

TransCanada Engineering Standards and Specifications must be followed by internal and external users to ensure a safe,
reliable and technically correct design.
Deviations to this standard may be acceptable if a technical assessment approved by TransCanada Engineering & Asset
Reliability shows that the deviation meets the intent of this specification, does not compromise safety and also complies with
applicable industry standards, regulatory requirements and is consistent with good engineering judgment.
Any deviation must follow the appropriate TransCanada management of change variance procedure.


Table of Contents
DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................................ 5
1 PURPOSE............................................................................................................................................... 6
2 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................................... 6
3 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 6
3.1 Industry Codes and Standards............................................................................................. 6
3.2 Internal References ............................................................................................................. 6
4 GROUNDING MATERIAL ................................................................................................................. 6
5 GROUNDING INSTALLATION ........................................................................................................ 8
5.1 Grounding General ............................................................................................................. 8
5.2 Cathodic Protection........................................................................................................... 10
5.3 Signal and Intrinsically Safe Grounding Electrodes ......................................................... 10
5.4 Main Service Entrance MCC Connection......................................................................... 10
5.5 Control Building Mechanical Systems Connections ........................................................ 11
5.6 Bonding Conductors ......................................................................................................... 11
5.7 Control System Signal and Communication Grounding................................................... 11
5.8 Compressor Building Equipment Grounding ................................................................... 11
5.9 Yard Grounding ................................................................................................................ 12
6 PROTECTION OF ANTENNA SUPPORT STRUCTURES .......................................................... 12
6.1 General .............................................................................................................................. 12
6.2 Design ............................................................................................................................... 13
6.3 Materials ........................................................................................................................... 14
6.4 Testing .............................................................................................................................. 14


DEFINITIONS
Term Definition
APEGA Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of Alberta
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Classified See Electrical Area Classifications.
Company TransCanada
CEC Canadian Electrical Code
NEC National Electrical Code
NOM Norma Oficial Mexicana
CSA Canadian Standards Association
(1) Classified The National Electrical Code (NEC) and NFPA 70 define
hazardous locations as those areas where fire or explosion hazards may exist
Electrical Area due to the presence of flammable gases or vapours, flammable liquids,
Classifications combustible dust, or ignitable fibers or flyings.
(2) Unclassified Denotes areas where the presence of hazardous material is so
infrequent that Electrical Area Classification is deemed unnecessary.
TOP TransCanada Operating Procedure
Vendor Any outside source hired by the Company to complete work.


1 PURPOSE
This specification provides the requirements for the supply and installation of grounding
equipment.
2 SCOPE
This Specification applies to all supply and installation of grounding equipment at TransCanada
facilities including pump stations, compressor stations, and measurement facilities in Canada, the
United States and Mexico.
For metering station grounding, refer to the metering grounding specification.
3 REFERENCES
3.1 Industry Codes and Standards
The following jurisdictional regulations, codes and standards apply to this specification:
CSA C22.1 Canadian Electrical Code (CEC) Part I
CSA C22.2 Canadian Electrical Code (CEC) Part II
ANSI/IEEE Std. 142 Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and Commercial
Power Systems
IEEE Std. 81 Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, and Earth Surface
Potentials of a Ground System
IEEE Std. 81.2 Guide for Measurement of Impedance and Safety Characteristics of Large,
Extended or Interconnected Grounding Systems
NFPA 70 National Electrical Code (NEC)
Safety Codes Act
Lightning Protection Institute Code, LPI-175
United Laboratories, Master Label for Lightning Protection, UL96A
UL Standard 467
NOM: Norma Oficial Mexicana (NOM)
3.2 Internal References
The following TransCanada standards are referenced in this Specification:
TEP-ELEC-GRM/FOP Ground Resistance Measurement Procedure (CDN-US-MEX)
(EDMS No. 008693740)
4 GROUNDING MATERIAL
Exposed and unprotected cable used for grounding connections shall be #6 AWG copper
minimum.


Ground rods shall be 20 mm x 3 m, copper clad steel to be installed 450 mm below grade.
Ground bus shall be copper, 50 mm x 13 mm, length as required, mounted on bus insulating
standoffs, complete with suitable lugs for ground conductors.
Groundwells shall be galvanized steel complete with removable top cover. Unless shown
otherwise on the Drawings, groundwells shall be Slacan #22109 or equivalent.
Grounding connectors shall be Burndy compression type unless shown otherwise on the
Drawings.
Grounding conductors shall be green, TWU, 600 volt insulation of size specified herein. The
minimum size of the ground grid conductor shall be #2/0 AWG copper.
All bonding conductors shall be flexible copper bonding jumpers sized in accordance with the
CEC/NEC for grounding electrode conductors.
All cable used for grounding connections shall be copper.
Underground metal water piping shall not be the only ground electrode system used.
The minimum size cable shall be #2 for grounding large equipment directly to the main
ground grid in general plant areas, such as turbines, reciprocating engine/compressors,
centrifugal gas compressors, building frames, switchgear, motor control centers, main plant
generators, and large motors. The minimum size cable shall be #6 for grounding smaller
equipment to the main ground grid in general plant areas, such as auxiliary motors,
instrument panels and equipment racks.
Ground rods and other types of installed electrodes shall be of a material suitable for soil
conditions involved, and shall not create a detrimental galvanic couple with the cathodic
protection system in the area. Ground clamps shall be of a material suitable for the ground
rod and cable.


5 GROUNDING INSTALLATION
5.1 Grounding General

5.1.1 Install complete grounding system as indicated, and in accordance with CEC/NEC and the
Inspection Authority having jurisdiction.
5.1.2 Measure ground grid resistance using 3 Point Fall of Potential Ground Resistance Test with an
earth test megger at the main Motor Control Centre (MCC) bus and install additional ground rods
and conductors as required until resistance to ground complies with Code requirements.
5.1.3 All grounding connections shall be made with approved grounding connectors. In feeders and
sub-feeders, grounding bushings shall be installed at all pull boxes, junction boxes, MCC,
panelboards and switchboards, and these bushings shall be bonded to the enclosure with a green
bonding conductor and solderless ground connector.
5.1.4 Armoured, single conductor cables, sized at #1/0 or larger, shall be bonded to ground at the load
end of the cable only. The source end of the cable sheath shall not be bonded to ground, but shall
be left open via an insulating material.
5.1.5 Multiple ground rod installations shall have the ground rods spaced 6 m apart. Rods placed twice
their rod length generally provide the optimum reduction in ground impedance.
5.1.6 Ground well shall contain ground rod as an access to inspect and measure ground grid resistance.
ground well.
5.1.7 All flexible conduit and PVC conduit shall have a grounding conductor which shall be bonded to
outlets and equipment at each end and sized in accordance with Table 16 of the CEC or Table
250.122 of NEC. Where plans show the number of conductors in a conduit, the grounding
conductor is in addition to the number of conductors shown.
5.1.8 Within the overall grounding system, the number of joints and splices shall be kept to a
minimum. All connections to structures and equipment shall be made using approved
compression or mechanical type connectors.
5.1.9 The main electrical equipment grounding point shall be the ground bus of the main incoming
service MCC or switchgear. From this point, grounding paths shall radiate to other ground buses
and the ground bus in other switchboards, control centres, panelboards, etc. From the ground bus
in these structures, grounding paths shall radiate to the non-current-carrying metal frames of
motors and other electrical utilization apparatus.
5.1.10 Grounding paths shall consist of separate insulated grounding conductors, run with the current
carrying conductors as further specified, or as shown on the Drawings.
5.1.11 A separate insulated bonding conductor, sized according to Table 16 of the CEC or Table
250.122 of NEC, shall be provided as a grounding path throughout the raceway, bonded at each
end for the following situations:
a) Where the raceway is non-metallic.
b) Where the raceway is metallic or non-metallic and is located below a ground
contact concrete slab.
c) Where the raceway carries conductors to a motor or packaged equipment having
a full load current rating of more than 100 amps.


d) Where the raceway carries feeder conductors larger than 100 amp capacity.
e) Where the raceway or any part of the raceway consists of flexible conduit.
f) Where the raceway is electrical metallic tubing carrying conductors to a motor of
HP or larger. EMT shall not be depended upon as a grounding path in these
instances.
5.1.12 All metal enclosures for permanently installed and wired electrical equipment shall be grounded.
This shall include all motor frames, motor control centers, switchgear, transformer enclosures,
metallic raceways for conductors, junction boxes, etc.
5.1.13 All permanently installed equipment that can become energized by accidental contact with
energized conductors or contact with equipment intended as part of the ground path shall be
grounded
5.1.14 Non-electrical equipment such as turbine and engine frames, metal buildings or metal structures
of buildings, storage tanks (including non-metallic tanks containing possible flammable mixtures
of gas or vapor), plant fences, and floodlight standards shall be grounded.
5.1.15 All equipment in hazardous areas subject to static voltage buildup shall be grounded.
5.1.16 Grounding shall be provided for all tanks, trucks, railroad cars, etc. during periods of loading or
unloading hydrocarbons.
5.1.17 Each metallic piping system shall be individually bonded to a common ground bus in the
mechanical room and connected with the station grounding system. These shall include the utility
gas, air, glycol and water piping systems.
5.1.18 The yard grounding system shall consist of #2/0 AWG ground grid system connecting to various
non-current-carrying metallic structures and components located on the site. All connections shall
be made using an insulated ground conductor and approved connectors, rods and groundwells.
5.1.19 Parallel cable trays shall be grounded to each other with #2/0 AWG conductor at a minimum of
three locations; one at each end, and one in the middle.
5.1.20 A reasonable number of groundwells shall be installed to allow the resistance to ground to be
tested at each major portion of a plant. Each test well shall be 3 feet long, backfilled 1-1/2 feet
with gravel.
5.1.21 The main ground system for a plant shall be installed to achieve a desired 1 ohm resistance as
measured from any ground test well.
5.1.22 It is recommended that the main plant ground system to be connected to the high voltage ground
provided on the primary of the plant service with proper disconnection point in order to reduce or
eliminate the grounding potential rise during fault condition and provide isolation while
conducting substation grounding grid testing.
5.1.23 Where a conduit serves as the equipment grounding conductor, connections to boxes shall be
made with approved threaded connectors.
5.1.24 Shields on instrumentation circuits shall be grounded at the source or control panel end to assure
the lowest impedance to ground.
5.1.25 The Contractor shall apply a coating of Penetrox to all aluminum/copper connections. All
aluminium contact surfaces shall be scratch brushed to remove oxides before coating is applied.


5.1.26 The Contractor shall apply two (2) coats of Gylptal on every grounding connection/clamp and
recoat over Glyptal with aluminium paint.
5.1.27 High Resistance Grounding System, which shall consist of neutral ground resistor and all its
monitoring system, shall be installed for any new site. For any transformer that is larger than
225kVA, the max allowable fault current after high resistance grounding system shall never
surpass 25A. Any neutral ground resistor shall have a minimum 10-second or continuous rating.
5.1.28 Any concrete pad mounted electrical equipment shall have at least one ground rod installed at
each opposite corner and surrounded by ground loop that joins both ground rods. The concrete
pad ground loop shall be tied to overall system grounding grid. The pad-mounted equipment shall
be bonded to its ground loop from at least two opposite corners.
5.2 Cathodic Protection
5.2.1 The grounding scheme must be properly designed in order to ensure the integrity of the cathodic
protection system. Most, if not all buried metallic components and structure shall be cathodically
protected by bonding to a protected system or installation of anodes or an impressed current
system. This is especially important in areas of low soil resistivity and includes items such as guy
anchors and concrete reinforcing steel in foundations, but normally not metal fence posts and
reinforcing steel in driveways and floors.
5.2.2 Grounding electrodes will be zinc or galvanized-coated rods or zinc anodes. Copper rods will not
be allowed where cathodic protection is used
5.3 Signal and Intrinsically Safe Grounding Electrodes
5.3.1 All ground grid and ground rod connections shall be Burndy Hyground connectors, installed with
the equipment and in the manner outlined by the manufacturer.
5.3.2 From the closest ground electrode outside the electrical room, install a separate #6 AWG ground
conductor in conduit to each of the control system signal ground bus and intrinsically safe (IS)
ground bus located near the station and unit control panels. Special attention must be given to
ensure the IS ground is physically and electrically isolated from other grounds connections except
at the common electrode connection point. The grounding electrode conductor shall be insulated
stranded copper, sized as required and/or as indicated on the Drawings and shall be without joints
or splices over its entire length.
5.4 Main Service Entrance MCC Connection
5.4.1 From the service transformer grounding loop, install a #2/0 grounding conductor in 25 mm rigid
aluminum or PVC conduit to the main MCC ground loop outside of the control building.
5.4.2 From the ground bus, connect one #2/0 ground conductor to the ground bus within the MCC or
switchboard, to the neutral of the service entrance equipment and to non-current-carrying parts.
5.4.3 Provide grounding wire to all other ground buses within MCCs, transformers, distribution centres
and panelboards.
5.4.4 The neutral on equipment shall not be bonded to ground at any point other than at the service
entrance MCC ground bus, with the exception of the neutral point on the secondary side of
downstream delta-wye and wye-wye transformers.


5.5 Control Building Mechanical Systems Connections

Within the control building mechanical room, install the following ground connections with a #6
AWG conductor to the local mechanical room ground bus:
a) Glycol heating system
b) Water system
c) Air system
5.6 Bonding Conductors
5.6.1 Bonding conductors shall have green insulation, and shall be sized to CEC Table 16 or NEC
250.122, based on the rating of the over-current device protecting the conductor. Bonding
conductors shall be attached to grounding bushings on conduits, and to lugs on boxes, tubs and
other enclosures.
5.6.2 Install a bonding conductor in all flexible and PVC conduit.
5.7 Control System Signal and Communication Grounding
Ground the station control panel, unit control panel(s) and telephone system to the local ground
bus as follows:
a) Station and Unit Control Panels (from each panel)
i) One #6 AWG bonding conductor to the equipment ground bus
ii) One #6 AWG ground conductor from the isolated signal ground bus in the
panel to the signal ground bus
b) Telephone
i) One #6 AWG bonding conductor to equipment ground bus
ii) One #6 AWG ground conductor to signal ground bus
c) IS Barriers
i) One dedicated #6 AWG bonding conductor from each IS barrier in each of the
control panels to the IS ground bus
5.8 Compressor Building Equipment Grounding
5.8.1 From the compressor building structure and all equipment inside, grounding shall be done as
follows:
One #2/0 ground conductor to the building structural steel column (4 points)
One #2/0 ground conductor to turbine/compressor skid (2 points)
One #2/0 ground conductor to compressor intake air plenum structure (2 points)
One #2/0 ground conductor to compressor exhaust stack (2 points)
One #2/0 ground conductor to each off-mounted lube oil and gauge panel(s)
One #2/0 ground conductor to each off-mounted instrument rack


One #2/0 ground conductor to roof vent pipes.

5.9 Yard Grounding
5.9.1 Provide a grounding system consisting of a minimum of one #2/0 grounding loop for all yard
non-current-carrying components as shown on the Drawings. The following components shall be
grounded:
Building structures
Cable trays
Underground and above grade metallic dump tanks
Metallic storage vessels
Fuel Storage Racks
Perimeter chain link fence immediately beneath any overhead power-line crossings
Station blowdowns and relief valves
Floodlight poles
Radio Towers
Aerial heat exchanger cooler structures; and
All underground connections to the yard ground grid system shall be in ground wells installed
flush with finish grade.
5.9.2 The Station gate shall be bonded to the fence.
6 PROTECTION OF ANTENNA SUPPORT STRUCTURES

6.1 General
6.1.1 All permanently installed, stationary antenna towers shall be bonded to all conductive
equipment and structure in the vicinity and to a suitable ground electrode. If the antenna tower is
located at a facility having an electrical grounding system, the tower grounding electrode shall be
bonded to the facility electrical grounding system.
6.1.2 The tower grounding electrode shall function as a single electrode. The design shall avoid
connection of extraneous grounding electrodes to the communications grounding system in a
manner that creates alternate paths to ground.
6.1.3 The design of the grounding electrode shall be based on economics considering the probability of
lightning strikes on the tower, the criticality of service of the communications system and the cost
of replacement or repair of potential damage to the equipment. In addition to the following
guidelines, the appropriate technical supervisors and specialists responsible for corrosion control
and communications at the field operating level shall be consulted for recommendations relative
to grounding electrode design or surge related problems at existing communications facilities.
a) The steel reinforced concrete foundation of the antenna tower shall be used as the tower
grounding electrode for communication system installations meeting all of the following criteria:
Tower height is 75 feet or less.


Facility is not located in a high-risk area for lightning strikes or as demonstrated by

experience on an existing or other similar installations in the local area.
The communications system does not handle information that, if temporarily lost, would have
potential serious financial or safety impact. Data from multiple operating facilities, pipeline
control signals and voice communications are examples of information that may be
considered to have such potential.
Soil resistively at the site is not suspected or measured to exceed 2000 ohm-cm.
b) For communication systems not meeting the criteria in Section 6.3.1, a tower grounding
counterpoise shall be installed.
6.2 Design
6.2.1 For steel reinforced concrete foundation used as grounding electrodes, each tower anchor bolt
shall be bonded to the steel reinforcement and all equipment and structural elements shall be
bonded to the tower. If necessary to lower the resistance to earth of this design, as determined by
the post-installation test, one or more ground rods may be driven around the foundation and
bonded to the leg(s) of the tower in a manner similar to the grounding counterpoise described in
Section 6.2.2.
6.2.2 A tower grounding counterpoise shall consist of a minimum of four ground rods spaced a
minimum of 12 feet apart in a symmetrical pattern around the base of the tower and connected
with bonding conductors to form a loop. The loop shall be connected and bonded to each leg of
the tower.
Ground rods shall be installed with the top of the rod a minimum of one foot below finished
grade.
All buried bonding conductors shall be insulated and installed in trenches a minimum of one
foot deep.
If the antenna tower is supported by guys, every guy and guy anchor shall be connected to the
tower grounding electrode or counterpoise. A separate bonding conductor shall be routed to
each guy anchor but may be tapped for bonding to each guy cable terminated at the guy
anchor.


6.2.3 Antennas with a non-conductive exterior surface such as fiberglass that are side-mounted on the
tower shall be protected from a direct lightning strike by an air terminal installed one foot above
the top of the antenna and extending horizontally one foot beyond the top of the antenna.
6.2.4 All buried metallic components shall be cathodically protected by bonding to existing facilities or
a separate rectifier system or anodes.
6.3 Materials
6.3.1 Bonding conductors shall be heavy gauge, stranded, lead-coated, braided copper specifically
manufactured for conducting surge currents created by lightning. Conductors bonding
communications equipment cabinets and chassis to the grounding electrode shall be #6 AWG,
bare, solid copper provided such conductors are bonded to a lead-coated, braided, copper
conductor prior to leaving the cabinet or building containing the equipment.
6.3.2 Ground rods shall be stainless steel, zinc or zinc clad rods, 5/8" diameter, non-sectionalized and a
minimum of 10 feet long.
6.3.3 Fittings and attachments shall be copper-bronze bodied and specifically manufactured for
application in lightning protection systems. Exposed connections shall be bolted compression
type. Buried connections shall be made using a fusible metal process such as Cadweld.
6.3.4 Air terminals shall be stainless steel and 1/2" diameter minimum.
6.4 Testing
Using the Direct or Two-terminal measurement method, resistance to earth shall be measured
between all equipment bonded to the antenna tower ground electrode and a derived earth
reference electrode placed not less than 50 feet away from the tower ground electrode. The
measured resistance shall be less than 5 ohms and shall not exceed 25 ohms.


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TransCanada Engineering Specification

TES-ELEC-FACGND Facility General Grounding

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TES-ELEC-FACGND Facility General Grounding

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE

DEVIATION FROM THIS SPECIFICATION

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TES-ELEC-FACGND Facility General Grounding

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TES-ELEC-FACGND Facility General Grounding

APEGA Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of Alberta

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Classified See Electrical Area Classifications.

CEC Canadian Electrical Code

NEC National Electrical Code

NOM Norma Oficial Mexicana

CSA Canadian Standards Association

TOP TransCanada Operating Procedure

Vendor Any outside source hired by the Company to complete work.

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TES-ELEC-FACGND Facility General Grounding

5.1 Grounding General

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5.5 Control Building Mechanical Systems Connections

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TES-ELEC-FACGND Facility General Grounding

One #2/0 ground conductor to roof vent pipes.

6 PROTECTION OF ANTENNA SUPPORT STRUCTURES

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Facility is not located in a high-risk area for lightning strikes or as demonstrated by

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