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The term allelopathy was coined by Molish (1937), which is derived from Greek
language meaning “mutual harm” . He defined the term allelopathy as “biochemical
interactions detrimental as well as beneficial between all types of plants”. In current use
the term allelopathy refers to harmful or beneficial effects generated by one plant on
another through the production of allelo chemicals either free living or dead plant tissues
that escape into the environment.
Chemicals with allelopathic potential are present virtually in all plant tissues
Including leaves, stems, roots, rhizomes, flowers, fruits and seeds.
LEAVES: Parthenium, Celosia argentea, Amaranthus viridis
SHOOT: Salvis syriaca, lantana camera
ROOT: Wild oat, laurea spp.Sunflower, Asparagus afficinalis
RHIZOME: Quackgrass (Agropyron repens)
FRUITS: Parthenium hysterophorous
SEEDS: Datura stramonium
WHOLE PLANT : Cyperus rotundus
Allelochemicals produced in the donor plants affect the recipient plants on nutrient
uptake, repiration,protein synthesis, and inhibit cell division, extension of growth,
photosynthesis, enzyme activity and changes membrane activity Further scope for
allelopathy:
The viable weed management includes mechanical, chemical and biological methods
of control. The mechanical weed control is time consuming, expensive and less effective,
when the plant is well established. The selectivity, residual toxicity, prohibitive cost, non
availability of herbicides, lack of technical know how and environmental pollution
restricts the use of herbicides from wider adaptability, especially in cultivated lands. Thus
economic and ecological limitations on control of many noxious weeds become more
restrictive. Under these circumstances, the allelopathic means of controlling weeds offer
a potential alternative. Eg.Noxious weeds become more restrictive. Under these
circumstances, the allelopathic means of controlling weeds offer a potential alternative.
Eg. Noxious and wide spread weed of parthenium hysterophorous can be controlled
successfully by introducing Cassia uniflora indicationg potential allelopathic means of
controlling this weed.