101

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Vol-3, Issue-8, 2017

ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in
Seismic Analysis of Step back-Set back

building on Sloping ground with Shear wall
Jyotsna Joseph1, Prof. N. P. Phadtare2 & Prof. M. B. Pendhari3
1
PG Student, Civil Engineering Department, P. V. P. I. T Budhgaon, Maharashtra, India
2
Prof, Civil Engineering Department, P. V. P. I. T Budhgaon, Maharashtra, India
3
Associate Prof, Civil Engineering Department, P. V. P. I. T Budhgaon, Maharashtra, India
Abstract: - This research paper consists of effects of major contributors to structural damage during strong
earthquake on Stepback Setback Structure with earthquake is the discontinuities and irregularities in
shear wall on different slopes of ground. The Indian the load path or load transfer. In sloping ground the
standard code of practice IS 456 : 2000, IS 1893 height of the column is different at the bottom storey.
(Part I : 2002), IS 13920 : 1993, IS 4326 : 1993 It is asymmetric in plane and elevation. The short
guidelines and methodology are used to analyse and columns are most effects and damage occurs during
design building. ETABS 2015 structural analysis the earthquake. Mass destruction of the low and high
software is used to analyse buildings under the effect rise buildings in the recent earthquakes leads to the
of earthquake forces in zone III. Seismic analysis of need of investigation especially in a developing
Stepback Setback building with internal and country like India. In north and north-eastern parts of
external Shear wall on ground with different slope is India have large scale of hilly terrain which fall in
done by Linear Static method. The behaviour of the category of seismic zone IV and V. Recently
building components were examined and compared Sikkim (2011), Doda (2013) and Nepal earthquake
on the basis of displacement, story drift, and base (2015) caused huge destruction.
shear.
Earthquakes are one of the most dangerous
Keywords Stepback Setback building , ETABS natural hazards. In some parts of world, hilly area is
2015, different slopes of ground, Linear Static more prone to seismic activity e.g. northeast region
method, seismic analysis, internal shear wall, of India. The impact of this function is most harmful
external shear wall, displacement, storey drift, base because it affects large vicinity, and which occurs
shear. sudden and unpredictable. It causes large scale loss
of life and property and damages important services
1. Introduction such as, sewerage systems, communication, power,
transport, and water supply etc. They not only
The structures are generally constructed on level destroy towns, cities and villages, but the result leads
ground; however, due to scarcity of level grounds the to weaken the financially viable and social structure
construction activities have been started on sloping of the country. To defeat from the problem we need
grounds. The economic growth and rapid to find out the seismic performance and lateral
urbanization in hilly region has accelerated the real stability of the building structure.
estate development. Due to this, population density
in the hilly region has increased enormously. Shear walls are one of the most efficient lateral
Therefore, there is demand for the construction of force resisting elements in multistoried buildings.
multi-storey buildings on hill slope in and around the When shear walls are provided at a proper location in
cities. In such condition it is very difficult to a building they can prove to be very efficient. In
excavate or leveling since it is very expensive. addition, benefit of reducing lateral sway in the
Structural Engineers are facing the challenge of building under seismic loading can be available
striving for the most efficient and economical design using shear wall.
with accuracy in solution while ensuring that the
final design of a building must be serviceable for its
intended function over its design life time
An important feature in building configuration is

its regularity and symmetry in the plane and
elevation. Buildings on hill slope are highly irregular
and asymmetric in plan and elevation. One of the
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 646

3. Methodology
The project work is divided into seven stages with
following contents.
Stage 1: Deal with the introduction on the building

and specific objective of the project are presented in
it.
Stage 2: Study the different research papers and

journals on modeling and analysis of different types
of soil conditions with different ground slope.
Stage 3: Mathematical modeling of building for

different ground slopes is carried out.
Fig.1 Line diagram of Step Back - Set Back Building [5] Stage 4: It covered the linear static method of
analysis of different structure by taking earthquake
data.
Stage 5: Gives the comparison between different

buildings by linear static method.
Stage 6: It covers interpret conclusion from various

results.
4. Structural Data
a. Structural Configuration.
1) Stepback Setback building

2) Height of Floor : 3m
3) Slab Thickness : Deck Slab 150 mm thick
4) Number of Storey : 15
5) Concrete: M20
6) Rebar : HYSD 415 & HYSD 500
7) Shear wall Material : M25
Fig.2 Three dimensional diagram of Step Back - Set
Back Building [9]
b. Seismic data (As per IS: 1893-2002)
2. Objectives 1) Zone factor: 0.16 (Zone III)

2) Response reduction factor: 5 (SMRF)
a) To study the seismic analysis of step back-set 3) Important factor: 1
back framed building on ground with different 4) Type of Soil: II, (Medium Soil)
slopes using E-tab 2015 software.
c. Loading data (as per IS 456 : Part I &
b) To study the seismic analysis of step back-set II)
back framed building with Shear wall on
ground with different slopes using E-tab 2015
1) Wall Load : 14 kN/m
software.
2) Live Load : 2 kN/m2
3) Floor Finish : 1 kN/m2
c) To study the comparison between both the
4) Sunk load : 4 kN/m2
systems for various ground slope angles
considering parameters such as displacement,
base shear, storey drift.

d. Section Properties Linear

UDCon5 DEAD 1.2 Add
UDCon5 LL 1.2
Table No. 1
UDCon5 FF 1.2
UDCon5 SUNK LOAD 1.2
Sr Data / Value UDCon5 WALL LOAD 1.2
Description
No UDCon5 EQY -1.2
a. 230x300 Linear
b. 230x380 UDCon6 DEAD 1.5 Add
Beam sizes
1 c. 230x450 UDCon6 LL 1.5
d. 230x500 UDCon6 FF 1.5
(in mm) e. 230x600 UDCon6 SUNK LOAD 1.5
a. 450x500 UDCon6 WALL LOAD 1.5
Column b. 500x600 UDCon6 EQX 1.5
2 c. 600x650 Linear
(vary per 3 d. 650x700 UDCon7 DEAD 1.5 Add
floors) e. 700x700 UDCon7 LL 1.5
UDCon7 FF 1.5
3 Bottom Columns a. 700x700 UDCon7 SUNK LOAD 1.5
(below ground UDCon7 WALL LOAD 1.5
level) UDCon7 EQX -1.5
4 150 mm thick Linear
Slab UDCon8 DEAD 1.5 Add
UDCon8 LL 1.5
5 230mm thick
Shear wall UDCon8 FF 1.5
e. Load Combinations UDCon8 WALL LOAD 1.5
UDCon8 EQY 1.5
Linear
Table No. 2 UDCon9 DEAD 1.5 Add
UDCon9 LL 1.5
Load combinations for building without shear wall
UDCon9 FF 1.5
Name Load Scale Type
UDCon9 WALL LOAD 1.5
Case/Combo Factor
UDCon9 EQY -1.5
Linear Linear
UDCon1 DEAD 1.5 Add UDCon10 DEAD 0.9 Add
UDCon1 LL 1.5 UDCon10 LL 0.9
UDCon1 FF 1.5 UDCon10 FF 0.9
UDCon1 SUNK LOAD 1.5 UDCon10 SUNK LOAD 0.9
UDCon1 WALL LOAD 1.5 UDCon10 WALL LOAD 0.9
Linear UDCon10 EQX 1.5
UDCon2 DEAD 1.2 Add Linear
UDCon2 LL 1.2 UDCon11 DEAD 0.9 Add
UDCon2 FF 1.2 UDCon11 LL 0.9
UDCon2 SUNK LOAD 1.2 UDCon11 FF 0.9
UDCon2 WALL LOAD 1.2 UDCon11 SUNK LOAD 0.9
UDCon2 EQX 1.2 UDCon11 WALL LOAD 0.9
Linear UDCon11 EQX -1.5
UDCon3 SUNK LOAD 1.2 UDCon12 FF 0.9
UDCon3 EQX -1.2 UDCon12 WALL LOAD 0.9
Linear UDCon12 EQY 1.5
UDCon13 FF 0.9
UDCon13 WALL LOAD 0.9
UDCon4 EQY 1.2
UDCon13 EQY -1.5

Table No. 2 LOAD

UDCon19 EQX 1.5
Load combinations for building with shear wall Linear
UDCon20 DEAD 1.5 Add
Load Scale
UDCon20 LL 1.5
Name Case/Combo Factor Type
UDCon20 FF 1.5
Linear
UDCon14 DEAD 1.5 Add SUNK
UDCon20 LOAD 1.5
UDCon14 LL 1.5
WALL
UDCon14 FF 1.5
UDCon20 LOAD 1.5
SUNK
UDCon20 EQX -1.5
UDCon14 LOAD 1.5
Linear
WALL
UDCon14 LOAD 1.5
UDCon21 LL 1.5
Linear
UDCon15 DEAD 1.2 Add UDCon21 FF 1.5
UDCon15 LL 1.2 SUNK
UDCon21 LOAD 1.5
UDCon15 FF 1.2
WALL
SUNK
UDCon21 LOAD 1.5
UDCon15 LOAD 1.2
UDCon21 EQY 1.5
WALL
UDCon15 LOAD 1.2 Linear
UDCon15 EQX 1.2
UDCon22 LL 1.5
Linear
UDCon16 LL 1.2 SUNK
UDCon22 LOAD 1.5
UDCon16 FF 1.2
WALL
SUNK
UDCon22 LOAD 1.5
UDCon16 LOAD 1.2
UDCon22 EQY -1.5
WALL
UDCon16 EQX -1.2
UDCon23 LL 0.9
Linear
UDCon17 LL 1.2 SUNK
UDCon23 LOAD 0.9
UDCon17 FF 1.2
WALL
SUNK
UDCon23 LOAD 0.9
UDCon17 LOAD 1.2
UDCon23 EQX 1.5
WALL
UDCon17 EQY 1.2
UDCon24 LL 0.9
Linear
UDCon18 LL 1.2 SUNK
UDCon24 LOAD 0.9
UDCon18 FF 1.2
WALL
SUNK
UDCon24 LOAD 0.9
UDCon18 LOAD 1.2
UDCon24 EQX -1.5
WALL
UDCon18 EQY -1.2
UDCon25 LL 0.9
Linear
UDCon19 LL 1.5 SUNK
UDCon25 LOAD 0.9
UDCon19 FF 1.5
WALL
SUNK
UDCon25 LOAD 0.9
UDCon19 LOAD 1.5
UDCon25 EQY 1.5
UDCon19 WALL 1.5
UDCon26 DEAD 0.9 Linear

Add LOAD
UDCon26 LL 0.9 WALL
UDCon26 FF 0.9 UDWal6 LOAD 1.4
SUNK UDWal6 EQX 1
WALL UDWal7 DEAD 1.4 Add
UDCon26 LOAD 0.9 UDWal7 LL 1.4
UDCon26 EQY -1.5 UDWal7 FF 1.4
Linear SUNK
UDWal1 DEAD 1.4 Add UDWal7 LOAD 1.4
UDWal1 LL 1.4 WALL
UDWal1 FF 1.4 UDWal7 LOAD 1.4
SUNK UDWal7 EQX -1
UDWal1 LOAD 1.4 Linear
WALL UDWal8 DEAD 1.4 Add
UDWal1 LOAD 1.4 UDWal8 LL 1.4
Linear UDWal8 FF 1.4
UDWal2 DEAD 1.4 Add SUNK
UDWal2 LL 1.4 UDWal8 LOAD 1.4
UDWal2 FF 1.4 WALL
SUNK UDWal8 LOAD 1.4
UDWal2 LOAD 1.4 UDWal8 EQY 1
WALL Linear
UDWal2 LOAD 1.4 UDWal9 DEAD 1.4 Add
UDWal2 EQX 1 UDWal9 LL 1.4
UDWal3 FF 1.4 WALL
UDWal3 LOAD 1.4 UDWal9 EQY -1
WALL Linear
UDWal3 EQX -1 UDWal10 LL 0.7
UDWal4 FF 1.4 WALL
UDWal4 LOAD 1.4 UDWal10 EQX 1
WALL Linear
UDWal4 EQY 1 UDWal11 LL 0.7
UDWal5 FF 1.4 WALL
UDWal5 LOAD 1.4 UDWal11 EQX -1
WALL Linear
UDWal5 EQY -1 UDWal12 LL 0.7
UDWal6 FF 1.4 WALL
UDWal6 SUNK 1.4 UDWal12 LOAD 0.7

UDWal12 EQY 1
Linear
UDWal13 DEAD 0.7 Add
UDWal13 LL 0.7
UDWal13 FF 0.7
SUNK
UDWal13 LOAD 0.7
WALL
UDWal13 LOAD 0.7
UDWal13 EQY -1
Linear
UDCon14 LL 1.5
UDCon14 FF 1.5
SUNK
UDCon14 LOAD 1.5
WALL
UDCon14 LOAD 1.5
Fig No.4 Two-D view of stepback-setback

5. Analysis of Stepback- Setback building without Shear wall
with and without Shear wall
ii) With Shear wall
a. Models of the stepback setback
building Internal Shear wall
i) Without Shear wall
Fig No.5 Three-D view of stepback-setback

Fig No. 3 Three-D view of stepback-setback with internal Shear wall
without Shear wall

Fig No. 6 Two-D view of stepback-setback with Fig No. 8 Two-D view of stepback-setback with
internal Shear wall external Shear wall
External Shear wall

b. Analysis of Stepback - Setback building
i) Without Shear wall
Table No. 4
Slope Storey Base

Storey
Displacement Shear
Drift
(angle0) (mm) (kN)
10 50.7 0.001511 1640.974
15 48.7 0.001406 1688.1994
20 53.2 0.001471 1603.0085
25 55.5 0.001525 1633.0597
30 55.1 0.001504 1597.7346
35 58.1 0.001573 1634.8095
40 59.8 0.00163 1640.4274
Fig No.7 Three-D view of stepback-setback ii) With Shear wall

with external Shear wall
Internal Shear wall
Table No. 5
Slope Storey Base

Storey
Displacement Shear
Drift
(angle0) (mm) (kN)
10 40.4 0.001037 2708.605
15 37.7 0.000958 2737.2408

20 40 0.001018 2641.4954
25 42.2 0.001056 2646.6862
30 42 0.001177 2510.6097
35 45.3 0.001472 2516.0533
40 46.2 0.001571 2448.4901
External Shear wall
Table No. 6
Slope Storey Base

Storey
Displacement Shear
Drift
(angle0) (mm) (kN) Fig No. 10 Comparison of Storey drift for three types of
Shear wall in Y direction -Earthquake analysis
10 33.5 0.000877 2879.1139
15 34 0.000832 2855.1795
20 36.8 0.000904 2788.0604
25 38.6 0.001092 2823.6484
30 38.6 0.001242 2740.7582
35 40.9 0.001439 2786.3499
40 42.4 0.001647 2777.1993
c. Comparison of Stepback - Setback

buildings.
Fig No. 10 Comparison of Base Shear for three types of

Shear wall -Earthquake analysis
6. Permissible values
According to IS 456 : 2000, maximum

Lateral displacement is (H/500)m, Where H
is the height of the building. Here for
building height 70m maximum limit for
displacement is = 70/500
Fig No. 9 Comparison of Storey displacement for three = 0.14m
types of Shear walls in Y direction -Earthquake
analysis As per IS 1893 ( Part 1): 2002, Clause
7.11.1, the Storey Drift in any storey shall
not exceed 0.004 times the storey height (h).
The storey height of the models under study
is 3 m.
Permissible Storey Drift = 0.004h
= 0.004 x 3
= 0.012

7. Conclusion Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology

Roorkee, India
In this paper, comparative analysis of 15 storey [3] S. M. Nagargoje and K. S. Sable (2012), Seismic
stepback setback building with different slopes of performance of multi-storeyed building on sloping
ground are presented. ETABS 2015 software is used ground, S. M. Nagargoje et al.Elixir Elec. Engg. 53
for modeling and analysis of the structures. Analysis (2012) 11980-11982
results like storey displacement, storey drift are
presented here. Following are the conclusions drawn [4] Nagarjuna and Shivkumar B. Patil(2015), Lateral
from the study: Stability Of Multistorey Building On Sloping Ground,
International Research Journal of Engineering and
1. For all the buildings considered for the study, the Technology (IRJET), Volume: 02 Issue: 04 , July-2015
storey displacement and storey drift values are within
the permissible limit as per respective codes. [5] Haider Abdulazeez Ibrahim and Dr.N.V.Ramana Rao
(2015) Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Building With
Different Plan Shapes Resting on Sloping Ground
2. The seismic response of the building changes with
International Journal and Magazine of Engineering,
inclusion of Shear walls in structure. Technology, Management and Research, Volume No: 2
(2015), Issue No: 9 (September)
3. Base shear increases by the inclusion of shear
wall. The value of maximum base shear increases in [6] Sandeep Goyal(2015), Dynamic Analysis Of Sloped
structure with shear wall as compared to structure Buildings : Experimental And Numerical Studies,
without shear. This is due to increased stiffness of Department of civil engineering, National institute of
building by addition of Shear wall. technology, Rourkela-769008, Odisha, India.
[7] Paresh G. Mistry, Hemal J. Shah (2016) Seismic

4. Due to inclusion of shear walls, the stiffness of
Analysis of Building on Sloping Ground Considering Bi-
building increases, hence vibrations caused because Directional Earthquake HJD Institute of Technical
of earthquake reduce thus reducing joint Education and Research, Kera - Kutch, India. April 2016
displacement of structure. IJSDR, Volume 1, Issue 4, ISSN: 2455-2631
6. Storey Displacement of building without shear [8] Prasad Ramesh Vaidya (2015) Seismic Analysis of
wall is more than that of building with internal shear Building with Shear Wall on Sloping Ground
wall structure. And the displacement of internal shear International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering
wall structure is more than that of external shear wall Research, Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp: (53-60)
structure.
[9] Varikuppala Krishna, Chandrashekar, Rajashekar
(2015), Analysis and Design of Multi Storied Building by
7. Storey Drift of the building without shear wall is Using Etabs Software, Ijsr - International Journal Of
more than that of building with internal shear wall Scientific Research, Volume 4, Issue : 7, July 2015.
structure. And the displacement of internal shear wall
structure is more than that of external shear wall [10] IS 456 : 2000, Plain and Reinforced Concrete Code
structure. of Practice
[11] IS 1893 : 2002 (Part I), Indian Standard Criteria for

Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, Bureau of
7. As the slope increases, displacement also
Indian Standards, New Delhi.
increases.
[12] IS 4326 : 1993, Indian Standard code of
8. As the slope increases, storey drift also increases. Practice for Earthquake Resistant Design & Construction
of Buildings.
8. References
[1] B.G. Birajdar, S.S. Nalawade.(2004)Seismic Analysis
Of Buildings Resting On Sloping Ground, 13th World
Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Vancouver, B.C.,
Canada, August 1-6, 2004, Paper No. 1472
[2] Y. Singh and Phani Gade and D. H. Lang and E.

Erduran(2011), Seismic Behavior of Buildings Located
on Slopes - An Analytical Study and Some Observations
From Sikkim Earthquake NORSAR, International Centre
of Geohazards (ICG), Kjeller, Norway, Department of

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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)

Vol-3, Issue-8, 2017

Seismic Analysis of Step back-Set back

An important feature in building configuration is

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 646

Stage 1: Deal with the introduction on the building

Stage 2: Study the different research papers and

Stage 3: Mathematical modeling of building for

Stage 5: Gives the comparison between different

Stage 6: It covers interpret conclusion from various

1) Stepback Setback building

2. Objectives 1) Zone factor: 0.16 (Zone III)

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 647

d. Section Properties Linear

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 648

Table No. 2 LOAD

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 649

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 650

Fig No.4 Two-D view of stepback-setback

i) Without Shear wall

Fig No.5 Three-D view of stepback-setback

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 651

External Shear wall

Slope Storey Base

Fig No.7 Three-D view of stepback-setback ii) With Shear wall

Slope Storey Base

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 652

External Shear wall

Slope Storey Base

c. Comparison of Stepback - Setback

Fig No. 10 Comparison of Base Shear for three types of

According to IS 456 : 2000, maximum

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 653

7. Conclusion Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology

[7] Paresh G. Mistry, Hemal J. Shah (2016) Seismic

[11] IS 1893 : 2002 (Part I), Indian Standard Criteria for

[2] Y. Singh and Phani Gade and D. H. Lang and E.

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 654

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