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INDEX
INTRODUCTION 3-5
1 1.1 QUASI TURBINE 4
1.2 HISTORY 5
6 REFERENCES 20
1. INTRODUCTION
The basic principle behind any internal combustion engine is simple: a tiny
amount of air and high-energy fuel (like gasoline) in a small, enclosed space and
ignite it, the gas expands rapidly, releasing an incredible amount of energy. The
ultimate goal of an engine is to convert the energy of this expanding gas into a
rotary (spinning) motion. In the case of car engines, the specific goal is to rotate a
the rotating motion onto the car's wheels. To harness the energy of expanding
gas in this way, an engine must cycle through a set of events that causes many
articulated rotor with a free and accessible center, rotating without vibration nor
dead time, and producing a strong torque at low RPM under a variety of modes
and fuels. The Quasi turbine engine is a proposed piston less rotary engine using
a rhomboidal rotor whose sides are hinged at the vertices. The volume enclosed
between the sides of the rotor and the rotor casing provide compression and
expansion in a fashion similar to the more familiar Wankel engine, but the hinging
at the edges allows the volume ratio to increase . It is a crank less engine and
1.2 HISTORY
The Saint-Hilaire family first patented the Quasi turbine combustion engine
in 1996. The Quasi turbine concept resulted from research that began with
rotary, engine.
housing design. But instead of three blades, the Quasi turbine rotor has
2. HOW IT WORKS???
In the Quasi turbine engine, the four strokes of a typical cycle de Beau de
Rochas (Otto) cycle are arranged sequentially around a near oval, unlike the
reciprocating motion of a piston engine. In the basic single rotor Quasi turbine
engine, an oval housing surrounds a four-sided articulated rotor which turns and
moves within the housing. The sides of the rotor seal against the sides of the
housing, and the corners of the rotor seal against the inner periphery, dividing it
A Quasi turbine engine, on the other hand, doesn't need pistons. Instead,
around the oval housing. There's no need for the crankshaft to perform the
rotary conversion.
Combustion- which uses a spark from a spark plug to ignite the fuel.
Quasi turbine engines with carriages work on the same basic idea as this simple
design, with added design modifications that allow for photo-detonation. Photo-
greater sturdiness than piston or rotary engines can provide. Internal combustion
engines fall into four categories based on how well air and fuel are mixed
Type I includes engines in which the air and fuel mix thoroughly to form
hot flame sweeps through the mixture, burning the fuel as it goes. This, of
air (i.e., a heterogeneous mixture) that is injected directly into the cylinder
rather than into an intake port. A spark plug then ignites the mixture,
Type III, air and fuel are only partially mixed in the combustion chamber.
Type IV, the best attributes of gasoline and diesel engines are combined.
Type I Type II
Spark-ignition Gasoline Direct-injection (GDI)
Gasoline Engine
Engine
Pressure-heated Self- Type IV Type III
ignition Photo-detonation Engine Diesel Engine
stress on the engine itself. Piston engines can't withstand the violent force of the
detonation. And traditional rotary engines such as the Wankel, which have longer
combustion chambers that limit the amount of compression they can achieve, are
detonation to occur. The Quasi turbine with carriages is strong enough and
compact enough to withstand the force of photo-detonation and allow for the
The housing (stator), which is a near oval known as the "Saint-Hilaire skating
rink," forms the cavity in which the rotor rotates. The housing contains four ports:
The housing is enclosed on each side by two covers. The covers have three
ports of their own, allowing for maximum flexibility in how the engine is
can serve as an alternate location for a spark plug. One of the three ports is a
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How the various ports are used depends on whether the automotive engineer
wants a traditional internal combustion engine or one that delivers the super-high
replaces the pistons of a typical internal combustion engine. Each blade has a
filler tip and traction slots to receive the coupling arms. A pivot forms the end of
each blade. The job of the pivot is to join one blade to the next and to form a
connection between the blade and the rocking carriages. There are four rocking
carriages total, one for each blade. Each carriage is free to rotate around the
same pivot so that it remains in contact with the inner wall of the housing at all
times.
Each carriage works closely with two wheels, which means there are eight
wheels altogether. The wheels enable the rotor to roll smoothly on the contoured
surface of the housing wall and are made wide to reduce pressure at the point of
contact. The Quasi turbine engine doesn't need a central shaft to operate; but of
course, a car requires an output shaft to transfer power from the engine to the
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wheels. The output shaft is connected to the rotor by two coupling arms, which fit
The Quasi turbine engine has none of the intricate parts of a typical piston
engine. It has no crankshaft, valves, pistons, push rods, rockers or cams. And
because the rotor blades "ride" on the carriages and wheels, there is little friction,
Rotor blades, as they turn, change the volume of the chambers. First the volume
increases, which allows the fuel-air mixture to expand. Then the volume
decreases, which compresses the mixture into a smaller space. One combustion
stroke is ending right when the next combustion stroke is ready to fire. By making
a small channel along the internal housing wall next to the spark plug, a small
amount of hot gas is allowed to flow back to the next ready-to-fire combustion
chamber when each of the carriage seals passes over the channel. The result is
All these factors result in the increased efficiency and performance. The four
chambers produce two consecutive circuits. The first circuit is used to compress
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and expand during combustion. The second is used to expel exhaust and intake
air. In one revolution of the rotor, four power strokes are created. That's eight
As the rotor turns, its motion and the shape of the housing cause each side of the
housing to get closer and farther from the rotor, compressing and expanding the
four stroke piston engine produces one combustion stroke per cylinder for every
two revolutions, the chambers of the Quasi turbine rotor generate height
combustion "strokes" per two rotor revolutions; this is eight times more than a
Because the Quasi turbine has no crankshaft, the internal volume variations do
not follow the usual sinusoidal engine movements, which provide very different
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characteristics from the piston or the Wankel engine. Contrary to the Wankel
engine where the crankshaft moves the rotary piston face inward and outward,
each Quasi turbine rotor face rocks back and forth in reference to the engine
radius, but stays at a constant distance from the engine center at all time,
The four strokes piston has such a long dead time, its average torque is about
1/8 of the peak torque, which dictate the robustness of the piston construction.
Since the Quasi turbine has not dead time, average torque is only 30% lower
than the peak torque, and for this reason, the relative robustness of the Quasi
turbine need be only 1/5 of that of the piston, allowing for an additional engine
weight saving...
The diagram shows the force vector in a Quasi turbine when one or two opposed
fluids. Because the pressure vectors are off center, the Quasi turbine rotor
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The Quasi turbine offers many major improvements over the Wankel, including
the following:
The Wankel engine uses a rigid three-face rotor with a crankshaft. The
The Wankel engine shaft turns at three times the rotor RPM. The quasi
The Wankel engine fires only once per revolution. The quasi turbine fires
continuity.
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When the Wankel engine rotor goes from one T.D.C to next, the
(progressive).
and hold this maximum for a long arc before decreasing, giving a better
The Wankel engine has a dead time. The quasi turbine strokes are
diesel Mode.
Due to its one single fire per shaft revolution and the dead time, the
Since the Wankel engines shaft rotates at three times its rotor speed, it
is not suitable for low rpm compressor or pumps. But quasi turbine is
The Quasi turbine offers many major improvements over the IC engines also:-
In I.C engine piston makes positive torque only 17% of the time and drag
In I.C engine gas flow is not unidirectional, but changes directions with
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The duration of the piston rest time at top and bottom are without
necessarily too long in I.C engines. But it is not the case for Quasi
turbine.
In I.C engine there is quite important noise level and vibration. But it is
In I.C engines accessories like cam shaft uses a substantial power , but
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Zero vibration-In Quasi turbine, rotor rotates with a fixed centre of gravity and
Less noisy-For comparable power, the quasi turbine is much quieter than the
piston engines, since it splits each expansion into four per turn and evacuates
Less pollution-As the quasi turbine expansion starts quicker than in the other
engines, there will be less time for the NOx formation, and less transfer of heat
to mechanical energy without awaiting the middle of the stroke as in the piston
engines. This initial expansion cools immediately the combustion gases, which
have less time to transfer their heat to the engine block. So continuous
Better torque continuity and Acceleration- The Quasi turbine has jointed
torque impulses without the assistance of a flywheel. This gives a better torque
acceleration. Since Quasi turbine has no fly wheel it gives fast acceleration.
Compatible with Hydrogen- The Quasi turbine meets the fundamental criteria
imposed by the Hydrogen engine of the future (that is cold intake area, low
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larger payload, space saving allows to reduce the aerodynamic drag, absence
reduction increases the discretion level, the high torque allows the use of multi-
blades propeller and the better intake characteristic of the Quasi turbine allows
Quasi turbine racing car- Formula Quasi turbine is a proposal to develop and
built of a racing car using the new Quasi turbine rotary engine. Because the
Quasi turbine has a much higher specific power density than the piston engine.
A single Quasi turbine rotor of about 50cm in diameter and 20cm thickness
Quasi turbine pumps- Quasi turbine is a very compact and light device
without power shaft, which allows to pump large volume. In the pump mode the
link it with carbon atom. Quasi turbine prefers Hydrogen storage in Carbon
simple and has been appreciated by humans for centuries under the name of
Hydrocarbon fuels.
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6. REFERENCES
WWW.QUASITURBINE.COM
DIESEL PROGRESS USA MAGAZINE, APRIL 2000
EUREKA INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING MAGAZINE,
OCTOBER 1999. (Page no:29-30)
EUROPEAN AUTOMATIVE DESIGN,
SEPTEMBER 1999. (Page no: 72-73)
WWW.VISIONENGINEER.COM
WWW.FUTUREENERGIES.COM
www.invention-europe.com/topx.htm
www.gizmag.com/go/3501
www.visionengineer.com/mech/quasiturbine.php
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