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TH O M SO N
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SOUTH-WESTERN
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III. ...................................................................... 251

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Business Review (January-February 1995), 20-31.

1 James A. F. Stoner and R. Edward Freeman, Management, 4lh ed. (Englewood

Cliffs, N.J.; Prentice-Hall, 1989).
2 Peter F. Dmcker, Management Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices (New York:
Harper & Row, 1974).
3 Heath Row, Fearless in Philly (Company of Friends Column), Fast Company
(June 2001), 36.
4 Brenton Schlender, How Bill Gates Keeps the Magic Going, Fortune (June 18),
1990,82-89.
5 Diane Brady, Wanted; Eclectic Visionary with a Sense of Humor, BusinessWeek
(August 28, 2000), 143-144.
68 I.

6 Sue Shellenbarger, From Our Readers: The Bosses That Drove Me to Quit My
Job, The Wall StreetJournal (February 7, 2000), Bl.
7 Thomas A. Stewart, The Corporate Jungle Spawns a New Species. The Project
Manager, Fortune Ouly 10, 1995), 179-180.
8 Mintzberg, The Nature of Managerial Work (New York: Harper & Row,
1973); Mintzbe?g, Rounding Out the Managers Job, Sloan Management Review
(Fall 1994), 11-26.
2Robert E. Kaplan, Trade Routes The Managers Network of Relationships,
Organizational Dynamics (Spring 1984), 37-52; Rosemary Stewart, The Nature
of Management A Problem for Management Education,Journal of Management
Studies 21 (1984), 323-330; John P. Kotter, What Effective General Managers
Really Do, Harvard Business Review (November-December 1982), 156-167;
Morgan W. McCall,Jr., Ann M. Morrison, Robert L. Hannan, Studies of Managerial
Work Results and Methods (Technical Report No. 9, Center for Creative Leader
ship, Greensboro, N. C., 1978).
10 Carol Saunders andfack WilliamJones, Temporal Sequences
in Information Acquisition for Decision Making: A Focus on Source and Medium,
Academy of Management Review 15 (1990,29-46); Kotter, What Effective General
Managers Really Do; Mintzberg, Managerial Work.
11 Mintzberg, Rounding Out the Managers Job.
12 TobyJ. Tetenbaum, Shifting Paradigms: From Newton to Chaos, Organizational
Dynamics (Spring 1998), 21-32.
13 . no James Stemgold, Power Crisis Abates, But It Hounds Gov. Davis, The
New York Times (October 5, 2001), A16.
14 John A. Byrne and Heather Timmons, Tough Times for a New CEO, BusinessWeek
(October 29, 2001), 64-70; Patrick McGeehan, Sailing into a Sea of Troubles,
The New York Times (October 5, 2001), Cl, C4.
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1 Thomas Petzinger, Jr., So Long Supply and Demand, The Wall Street Journal
Ganuary 1,2000), R31.
2 , . Jerry Useem, Entrepreneur
of the Century, Inc (20 Anniversary Issue, 1999), 159-174.
3 . no Ann Harrington, The Big Ideas, Fortune (November 22,1999), 152-154.
4 UPS, The AtlantaJournal and Constitution, April 26,1992, HI; Richard L. Daft,
Organization Theory and Design, 3rd ed., St. Paul, Minn.: West, 1989,181-182;
Kathy Goode, Betty Hahn, Cindy Seibert, United Parcel Service: The Blown
Giant, unpublished manuscript, Texas A&M University, 1981.
5 Henri Fayol, Industrial and General Administration, trans.J. A. Couhrough
(Geneva: International Management Institute, 1930); Henri Fayol, General and
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W. J. Arnold and the editors of Business Week, Milestones in Management (New
York: McGraw-Hill, vol. I, 1965); vol. II, 1966.
6 Mary Parker Follett, The New State: Group Organization: The Solution of Popular
Government (London: Longmans, Green, 1918); Mary Parker Follett, Creative
Experience (London: Longmans, Green, 1924).
104 I.

7 F.J. Roethlisberger, W.J. Dickson, A. Wright, Management and the Worker

(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1939).
8 Gina Imperato, Dirty Business, Bright Ideas, Fast Company (February-March
1997), 89-93.
9 Peter Senge, The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of Learning Organizations
(New York: Dobleday/Currency, 1990).
0 Alex Markels, The Wisdom of Chairman Ko, Fast Company (November 1999),
258-276.
11 Edward O. Welles, Mind Gains, Inc. (December 1999), 112-124.
12 Bernard Wysocki Jr., Corporate Caveat: Dell or Be Delled, The Wall Street
Journal (May 10, 1999), Al.
13 . no Geoffry Colvin, Managing in the Info Era, Foitune (March 6, 2000),
F-5-F-9.
14 PeterDrucker, Post-Capitalist Society (Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 1993), 5.
15 Thomas PetzingerJr., The New Pioneers: The Men and Women Who Are Trans
forming The Workplace and Marketplace (New York: Simon & Shuster, 1999),
91-93; Thomas PetzingerJr., In Search of the New World of Work Fast Company
(April 1999), 214-220; Peter Kate I, Bordering on Chaos, Wired Ouly 1997),
98-107; Oren Harari, The Concrete Intangibles, Management Review (May
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Naughton, VW s Factory of the Future, BusinessWeek (O cto b er 7, 1 996), 5 2 -5 6 ; Diana Jean
Schemo, Is V W s N ew Plant Lean, or Just Mean? New York Times (N ovem ber 19, 1 996), D1;
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and Frank Petrock, On Cultural Change: Using the Competitive Values Framework to Help
Leaders Execute a Transformational Strategy, Human Resource Management 32, no. 1 (1993):
29-50; andR.E. Quinn, Beyond Rational Management: Mastering the Paradoxes and Competing
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to S ocialization, California Management Review 27, no. 2, 1985; David A. Kolb, Joyce S. Osland,
Irwin M. Rubin, O rg a n iz a tio n a l B eh av io r: An E x p e rie n tia l A pproach, 6th ed. (E n g lew o o d
Cliffs, N .J.: P re n tic e -H a ll, 1995), 3 4 6 -3 4 7 .

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2001), 18.

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LMI: http://www.lmi.org/Careers.htm
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Mutual of Omaha: http://www.careerlink.org/emp/mut/corp.htm
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3 rd ed., N ew Y ork, W iley , 1987, 1 7 6 -1 7 7 .

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2 RichardL. Daft, Organization Theory and Design, 5l1ed. (St. Paul, Minn.: West, 1995).
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5 Joseph Weber with Andy Reinhardt and Peter Burrows, Racing Ahead at Nortel,
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 4

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Elisabeth Malkin, Backlash, BusinessWeek (April 24, 2000), 38-44; and Ron Fournier, AP White
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145, D a vid H. Holt, Copyright 1998 by Harcourt, Inc.
.

1 David Kirkpatrick, One World For Better or Worse, Fortune (November 26,
2001), 74-75; . no Brian OKeefe, Global Brands, Fortune
(November 26, 2001), 102-110.
2 Joseph B. White, There Are No German or U.S. Companies, Only Successful Ones,
The Wall StreetJournal (May 7, 1998), Al.
3 Eric Matson, How Globalize Yourself, Fast Company (April-May, 1997), 133
139; Gunnar Beeth, M ulticultural Managers W anted, Management Review
(May 1997), 17-21.
4 Alan Charles Raul, World to America: Zip It eCompany Now (July 2001), 26-29
5 Geert Hofstede, The Interaction between National and Organizational Value
Systems, Journal of Management Studies 22 (1985), 647-657; Geert Hofstede,
The Cultural Relativity of the Quality of Life Concept, Academy of Management
Review 9 (1984), 389-398.
G Carol Hymowitz, Companies Go Global, But Many Managers Just Dont Travel
Well, The Wall StreetJournal (August 15, 2000), Bl.
7 Robert Frank, Big Boy Adventures in Thailand, The Wall StreetJournal (April 12,
2000), B1,B4.
8 How Revenues of the Top Ten Global Companies Compare with Some National
Economies, Fortune, July 27, 1992, 19.
9 Robert T. Moran and John R. Riesenberger, The Global Challenge (London:
McGraw-Hill, 1994), 260.
10 Patricia M. Carey, Culture Club, Working Woman, (July/August 1999), 71-72.
11 Jonathan Friedland and Louise Lee, The W all-M art Way Sometimes Gets Lost
in Transition Overseas, , The Wall StreetJournal (October 8, 1997), Al, A12.
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in M oral D e v elo p m en t a n d B ehavior: D ev elo p m en t an d C itizen sh ip B ehavior, B usiness Ethics
Q u arte rly 5, no.1, J a n u a ry 1995, 4 3 - 5 4 .
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th e T renches, C alifornia M a n a g e m e n t R e v ie w 37, no. 2, W inter 1995, 8 -2 8 ; S herry Baker, Ethical
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Ethics, in R esearch in O rganizational C h an g e an d Developm ent, ed. R. W oodman an d W. Pasm ore,
(G reenw ich, C onn.: JAI P re s s , 1990), 4.
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Dreilinger a n d D an Rice, Office Ethics, Working Woman, December 1991, 35-39; K evin Kelly
andJoseph Weber, W h en a Rival's Trade Secret Crosses Your Desk..., Business Week, M ay 20,
1991, 18.

1. . .

:
http:/ / www.nevada.edu/-pemellj/quiz,html
http://confessionline.com/quiz.asp
http://library.humboldt.edu/infoservices/OWLS/OWL8Test.htm
http://www.ethicsandbusiness.org/stylequiz.htm
http://www.ai.org/ethics/pubs/newsarticles/Quiz.html
2. .
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(September-October 1998), 24-42.

1 Carol Gillian, In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Womens Develop

ment (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1982).
2 Ed Garsten, GM Calls Fuel Cells Holy Grail, Associated Press (January 18,
2002), http\// www.yahoo.com.
3 R. E. Freeman,]. Pierce, and R. Dodd, Shades of Green: Ethics and the Environ
ment (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995).
4 Gwen Kinkead, In the Future, People Like Me Will Go to Jail, Fortune (May
24, 1999), 190-200; Charles Fishman, I Want to Pioneer the Company of the
Next Industrial Revolution, Fast Company (April-May 1998), 136-142; Thomas
Petzingerjr., Business Achieves Greatest Efficiency When at Its Greenest, The
Wall Street Journal (July 11, 1997), Bl; Catherine Amst, When Green Begets
Green, BusinessWeek (November 10, 1997), 98-106.
5 Milton Friedman, Capitalism and Freedom (Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1962), 133; Milton Friedman and Rose Friedman, Free to Choose (New
York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1979).
6 Saul W. Gellerman, Managing Ethics from the Top Down, Sloan Management
Review (Winter 1989), 73-79.
7 Setting the Standard, http-.// www.lockheedmartin.com/exeth/html/code/code.html,
7 2001 .
8 Helene Cooper, Rachel Zimmerman, Laurie McGinley, Patents Pending: AIDS
Epidemic Traps Drug Firms in a Vise: Treatment vs. Profits, The Wall Street
Journal (March 2, 2001), Al, A6.
 6

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4. Wendy's 4032 1969 $25000
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6. KFC 6635 1930 $25000
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8. TCBY Treats 2913 1981 $5000-20000
9. Taco Bell Corp. 2927 1962 $45000
10. Jani-King 7038 1969 $6500-33000

: Lisa Benavides, Linking Up with a Chain, The Tennessean (April 6,1999), 1E.
232 II.

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Bowen, Crisis Procedures That Stand the Test of Time, Public Relations Tactics
(August 2001), 16.
7 Grimsley, Many Firms Lack Plans for Disaster; Girding Against New Risks:
Global Executives Are Working to Better Protect Their Employees and Busi
nesses from Calamity, Time (October 8, 2001), B8+.
 8

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C o m p e tito rs (N e w York: F ree Press, 1 9 8 0 ); a n d M ic h a e l E. P o rte r, S tra te g y an d th e In te rn e t ,
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Leaders Keep Their Edge, F ortu n e, February 6 , 1995, 8 8 -9 8 ; M ic h a e l A. Hitt, R. D u a n e Irelan d,
R o b e r tE . H o sk is so n , Strategic M anagem ent (St. Paul, Minn.: West, 1995), 1 0 0 -1 1 3 .

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 8. 307

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308 III.

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310 III.

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312 III.

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 8. 315

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: Doug Wallace, When the Sharks are Circling, What Would You Do? Business
Ethics, vol. 1, September-October 1991, 42-44.

Starbucks Coffee
1987 . 9 ,
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, (
) ,
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- .
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. 200. 1999 . Starbucks
, 35 ( ).
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, 2001 .
316 III.

.
2004 . 650 . Starbucks
, Interaction Restaurants.
Interaction 50 70 . Starbucks
, ,
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King, Taco Bell, Wendys ( ) Blockbuster (
). . ,
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.
. 24- ,
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.
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- ,
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2001 . Starbucks
1998 . ,
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. -
Starbucks. .

1. Starbucks?
. ?
2. . , ,
,
.
3. Starbucks .
.
?
: D oriJones Yang, The Starbucks Enterprise Shifts into Warp Speed, Business
Week (October 24,1994), 76; M ichael Treacy, You Need a Value Discipline But Which One?,
Fortune, (April 17, 1995), 195; Nelson D. Schwartz, Still Perking After All These Years,
 8. 317

Fortune (M a y 24, 1999); Ken Belson, As S ta rb u c k s G row s, Ja p a n , Too, Is A w ash, The New
York Times ( O c to b e r 21, 2001), C3; B usiness: Coffee w ith Y our T ea? S ta rb u c k s in C h in a , The
Economist (O c to b e r 6, 2001), 62; S tarb u ck s in J o in t V en tu re w ith G erm an R etailer, The New
York Times (O c to b e r 5, 2001), C3; and Zena Olijnyk, L atte, S il V ous P lait? Canadian Business
(S eptem ber 3, 2001), 5 0 -5 2 .

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93-110; and Stewart Deck, Fine Line, CIO (February 1, 2000), 88-92.
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6 Nanette Byrnes, Old Stores, New Rivals, and Changing Trends Have Hammered
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 9

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2001), 35-44.

1 Richard A. Melcher, Dusting Off the Britannica, BusinessWeek, (October 21),

1997,143,146; and Pui- Wing Tam, One for the History Books: The Tale of How
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StreetJournal (December 11, 2000), R32.
2 John R. Emshwiller and MichaelJ. McCarthy, Coke's Soda Fountain for Offices
Fizzles, Dashing High Hopes, The Wall StreetJournal, June 14, 1993, Al, A6.
3 Anna Muoio, Decisions, Decisions, (Unit of One column), Fast Company (October
1998), 93-101.
4 Thomas M. Cook, SABRE Soars, OR/MS Today (June 1998), 26-35.
5 Herbert A. Simon, The New Science of Management Decision (New York: Harper
& Row, 1960), James G. March and Herbert A. Simon, Organizations (New
354 III.

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Herbert A. Simon, Administrative Behaviour, 2d ed. (New York: Free Press, 1957).
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Battle against the Raiders, Manhattan, November 1984.
7 Lisa A. Burke and Monica K. Miller, Taking the Mystery Out of Intuitive Decision
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8 Bill Breen, What's Your Intuition? Fast Company (September 2000), 290-300.
9 Alden M. Hayashi, When to T rust Your Gut, Harvard Business Review (February
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10 Chris Smith, Chao, Baby, New York (October 18, 1993), 66-75; and Chao in
Charge, Cablevision (November 29, 1999), 24.
11 James W. Fredrickson,Effects of Decision Motive and Organizational Performance
Level on Strategic Decision Processes, Academy of ManagementJournal 28,1985,
821-843 ,James W. Fredrickson, The Comprehensiveness of Strategic Decision
Processes: Extension, Observations, Future Directions, Academy of Management
Journal 27,1984, AA5-A66;James W. Dean,Jr. and Mark P. Sharfman, Procedural
Rationality in the Strategic Decision-Making Process, Journal of Management
Studies 30, no. 4, July 1993.
12 C. Kepnerand B. Tregoe, The Rational Manager, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965.
13 Paul C. Nutt, Surprising But True: Half the Decisions in Organizations Fail,
Academy of Management Executive 13, no. 4 (1999), 75-90.
14 Jenny C. McCune, Making Lemonade, Management Review (June 1997),
49-53, 51.
15 V. H. Vroom and Arthur G.Jago, The New Leadership: Managing Participation in
Organizations (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1988).
16 R. H. G. Field, Test of the Vroom-Yetton Normative Model of Leadership,
Journal of Applied Psychology, October 1982,523-532; R. H. G. Field, A Critique
of the Vroom-Yetton Contingency Model of Leadership Behavior, Academy of
Management Review 4, 1979, 249-257.
17 Jennifer T. Ettling and Arthur G.Jago, Participation under Conditions of Conflict:
More on the Validity of the Vroom-Yetton Model, Journal of Management
Studies 25, 1988, 73-83: Madeline E. Heilman, Harvey A. Homstein,Jack H. Cage,
Judith K. Herschlag, Reactions to Prescribed Leader Behavior as a Function of
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19 Michael V. Copeland, Mistakes Happen, Red Herring (May 2000), 346-354.
20 Joshua Klayman, Richard P. Larrick, and Chip Heath, Organizational Repairs,
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21 Ettling andJago, Participation under Conditions of Conflict.
 9. 355

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May Axe 20 precent of U.S. W hite Collar Staff, Financial Times, November 6, 2001, h ttp : //
news.ft.com ; Kathleen Kerwin andJoann Muller, Bill Ford Takes the Wheel, BusinessWeek Online,
November 1, 2001, http://www.businessweek.com', D a vid Ibison, New Ford Chief Edges Closer to
Truce with Bridgestone, Financial Times, November 1, 2001, http://new s.ft.com ; Tim Burt, Nasser
Says Ford Has the Strategy to Confound Critics, Financial Times, September 13, 2001, h ttp : //
news.ft.com ; J erry Flint, Ford: A Distracted Driver, Forbes.com, September 6, 2001, h tt p : / /
www.forbes.com; Tim Burt an d Nikki Tait, Getting Ford Around the Corner, F inancial Times,
July 30, 2001, http://n ew s.ft.com ;Jeff M oad, Ford Rebuilds IT Engine, ZD N etN ew s, January 28,
2001, h ttp ://w w w .zd n e t.co m ; A m ey Stone an d K athleen Kerwin, Can Nasser Get Ford's Stock
onto a Smoother Road? BusinessWeek Online , October 11,1999, http://w w w .businessw eek.com ;
Jac Nasser: In the Past, We Tried to Do Too Much, BusinessWeek Online, October 11,1999, h ttp ://
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12 Dorothy Leonard-Barton, The Factory as a Learning Laboratory, Sloan Manage
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13 Michael E. Porter, C om petitive Strategy, New York: Free Press, 1980, 3 6 -4 6 .
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U niversity Press, 1965 \Joan Woodward, Management and Technology, London:
Her M ajestys Stationery Office, 1958.
20 Woodward, Industrial Organizations, VI.
21 James Thompson, Organizations in Action, N ew York: McGraw-Hill, 1967.
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1 RichardL. Daft, Bureaucratic vs. Nonbureaucratic Structure in the Process

of Innovation and Change Perspectives in Organizational Sociology. Theory
and Research, ed. Samuel B. Bacharach, Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press, 1982,
129-166.
2 , . Andrew . Van de Ven,
Central Problems in the Management of Innovation, Management Science 32,
1986, 595.
3 Hands On: A Managers Notebook, Inc., January 1989, 106.
Harold L. Angle and Andrew H. Van de Ven, Suggestions for Managing the In
novation Journey in Research in the Management of Innovation: The Minnesota
Studies, ed. A. H. Van de Ven, H. L. Angle, Marshall Scott Poole (Cambridge,
Mass.: Ballinger/ Harper & Row, 1989).
5 Christopher K. Bart, New Venture Units: Use Them Wisely to Manage In
novation, Sloan Management Review, Summer 1988, 35-43.
462 IV.

6 Peter F. Drucker, Innovation and Entrepreneurship (New York: Harper & Row,
1985).
7 KurtLewin, Field Theory in Social Science: Selected Theoretical Papers (New
York: Harper & Brothers, 1951).
8 Paul C. Nutt, Tactics of Implementation, Academy of ManagementJournal 29,
1986, 230-261; RichardL. Daft andSelwyn Becker, Innovation in Organizations:
Innovation Adoption in School Organizations (New York; Elsevier, 1978); Richard
Beckhard,Organization Development: Strategies and Models, Reading, Mass.;
Addison-Wesley, 1969.
9 Richard L. Daft, Organization Theory and Design, 5th ed. (ST. Paul, Minn.:
West, 1995); Tom Bums and G. M. Stalker, The Management of Innovation,
(London: Tavistock Publications, 1961).
10 HaroldJ. Leavitt, Applied Organizational Change in Industry: Structural.
Technical, and Hunian Approaches in New Perspectives in Organization Re
search, ed. W. W. Cooper, H.J. Leavitt, M. W. Shelly //(New York: Wiley, 1964),
55-74.
11 Fariborz Damanpour, The Adoption of Technological, Administrative, and
Ancillary Innovations: Impact of Organizational Factors, Journal of Manage
ment 13,1987,675-688.
12 Kurt Lewin, Frontiers in Group Dynamics: Concepts, Method, and Reality in
Social Science, Human Relations 1, 1947, 5-41; Huse and Cummings, Orga
nization Development.
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and Arthur Shermann, Managing Human Resources, 12th ed. (Cincinnati, Ohio: South-West
College Publishing, 2001), 207; and Guidelines to Lawful and Unlawful Preemployment Inquiries,
Appendix E, in Robert L. Mathis and John H. Jackson, Human Resource Management, 2nd ed.
(Cincinnati, Ohio: South-West College Publishing, 2002), 189-190.

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Review, July-August 1989, 38-42; Dr. Pierre Mornell, Zero Defect Hiring, Inc., (March 1998),
75-83; and M artha Peak, What Color is Your Bumbershoot? M anagem ent Review, October
1989, 63.

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1996), 20-36.

1 Cynthia D. Fisher, Current and Recurrent Challenges in \. Journal of Manage

ment 15,1989,157-180.
2 DennisJ. Kravetz, The Human Resources Revolution, San Francisco, Calif,: Jossey-
Bass, 1989.
3 David E. Ripley, How to Determine Future Workforce Needs, Personnel
Journal, January 1995, 83-89.
4 J. W. Boudreau and S. /. Rynes. Role of Recruitment in Staffing Utility Analysis,
Journal of Applied Psychology 70, 1985, 354-366.
5 Bernard Keys and Joseph Wolfe, Management: Education and Development:
Current Issues and Emerging Trends Journal of Management 14,1988,205-229.
6 Richard I. Henderson, Compensation Management: Rewarding Performance,
4th ed. (Reston. Va.; Reston, 1985).
7 Exit Interviews: An Overlooked Information Source, Small Business Report,
July 1986, 52-55.
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1 Marilyn Loden and Judy . Rosener, Workforce America! (Homewood, 111,:

Business One Irwin, 1991).
2 Robert Doktor, Rosalie Tung, Mary Ann von Glinow, Future Directions for Manage
ment Theory Development, Academy of Management Review 16,1991,362-365;
Mary Munter, Cross-Cultural Communication for Managers, Business Horizons,
May-June 1993, 69-78.
3 Renee Blank and Sandra Slipp, The White Male: An Endangered Species?,
Management Review, September 1994,27-32; Michael S. Kimmel, What Do Men
Want?, Harvard Business Review, November-December 1993, 50-63; Sharon
Nelton, Nurturing Diversity, Nations Business, June 1995, 25-27.
4 J. Black and M. Mendenhall, Cross-Cultural Training Effectiveness: A Review
and a Theoretical Framework for Future Research, Academy of Management
Review 15, 1990, 113-136.
5 Sharon A. Lobel, Robert E. Quinn, Lynda St. Clair, Andrea Warfield, Love without
Sex: The Impact of Psychological Intimacy between Men and Women at Work,
Organizational Dynamics, Summer 1994, 5-16.
6 J. Kennedy and A. Everest., Put Diversity in Context, PersonnelJournal, Sep
tember 1991, 50-54.

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16,2001), http.//www.ford.com-, Ford Moving Closer to Settling SuitsWSJ, Reuters Limited
(November 16, 2001); Ed Garsten, Ford Announces Management Shuffle, Associated Press
(November 15,2001), http:// dailynews.yahoo.com-, August Cole, Ford Shuffles Another Round
of Execs, CBS MarketWatch.com (November 15, 2001), http://www.marketwatch.com-, Nasser's
Retirement Package Tied to Ford's Performance, Auto.com, (November 15, 2001), http://
xsmw.auto.com-, Exec Changes Help Ford with Basics, Automotive News (November 12, 2001),
http://www.autonews.com-,Nikki Tait, Lincoln Bears Brunt of Ford Restructuring, Financial Times
(November 11, 2001), http://news.ft.com; Tim Burt and Nikki Tait, Ford May Axe 20 Percent of
White Collar Staff, Financial Times (November 6, 2001), http://news.ft.com-,John Gallagher,
No Bonuses This Year for Ford's Top Bosses, Detroit Free Press (August 29, 2001), http:/ /
www.freep.com-, Tim Burt and Nikki Tait, Ford Refines Chain of Command in U.S., Financial
Times Ouly 16,2001), http://news.ft.com; TimBurt, Ford's White Knight Summoned to Aid of
U.S. in Distress, Financial Times Ouly 15, 2001), http://news.ft.com.
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of Management 15,1989, 251-289.
2 James M. Koutes and Barry Z. Posner, The Credibility Factor: What Followers
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3 Henry Mintzberg, Power in and around Organizations, (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.:
Prentice-Hall, \983); Jeffrey Pfeffer, Power in Organizations (Marshfield,
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4 J. R. P. French,Jr., and B. Raven, The Bases of Social Power, in Group Dynamics,
ed. D. Cartw?ight and Alvin F. Zander ( Evanston, 111.: Row, Peterson. 1960), 607-623.
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6 K. Lewin, Field Theory and Experiment in Social Psychology: Concepts and
Methods, AmericanJournal of Sociology 44,1939,868-896; K. Lewin and R. Lippitt,
An Experimental Approach to the Study of Autocracy and Democracy: A Pre
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Patterns of Aggressive Behavior in Experimentally Created Social Climates,
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Sloan Management Review 32. no. 1, Fall 1990, 12-13.
 17

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Jou rn al (July 5, 1990), B4; A m y D unkin , Now Salespeople Really Must Sell for Their Supper,
Business Week O uly 31, 1989), 50-52; a n d Teiry Pristin, Retailings Elite Keep the Armani
Moving off the Rack, The N ew York Times (December 22, 2001), D l.

1 David Silburt, Secrets of the Super Sellers, Canadian Business, January 1987,
54-59; Meet the Sawy Supersalesmen, Fortune, February 4,1985,56-62; Michael
Brody, Meet Todays Young American Worker, Fortune, November 11, 1985,
90-98; Tom Richman, Meet the Masters. They Could Sell You Anything..., Inc.,
March 1985, 79-86.
2 Abraham F. Maslow, Theory of Human Motivation, Psychological Review 50,
1943, 370-396.
3 Clayton Alderfer, Existence, Relatedness and Gi uwth, New York: Free Press, 1972.
4 Frederick Herzberg, One More Time: How Do You Motivate Employers, Harvard
Business Review, January-February 1968, 53-62.
5 David C. McClelland, Human Motivation, Glenview, 111.: Scott, Foresman, 1985.
6 J. Stacy Adams, Injustice in Social Exchange, in Advances in Experimental
Social Psychology, 2nd ed., ed. L. Berkowitz, (New York: Academic Press, 1965);
J. Stacy Adams, Toward an Understanding of Inequity, Journal of Abnormal
and Social Psychology, November 1963, 422-436.
7 VictorH. Vroom, Work and Motivation (New York: Wiley, 1964); B. S. Gorgo-
poulos, G. M. Mahoney, N. Jones, Path-Goal Approach to Productivity,
Journal of Applied Psychology 41, 1957, 345-353; E. E. Lawler III, Pay and Orga
nizational Effectiveness: A Psychological View, New York: McGraw Hill, 1981.
8 J. Richard Hackman and Greg R. Oldham, Work Redesign, Reading Mass Addison
Wesley 1980;/. Richard Hackman and Greg Oldham, Motivation through the
Design of Work: Test of a Theory, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance
16, 1976,250-279.
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2 Henry Mintzberg, The Nature of Managerial W ork (New York: Harper &
Row, 1973).
3 D. K. Berio, The Process of Communication (New York: Holt, Rinehart and
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4 Robert H. Lengel and Richard L. Daft, The Selection of Communication Media
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5 Ford S. Worthy, How CEOs Manage Their Time, Fortune, January 18, 1988,
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G Albert Mehrabian, Silent Messages (Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, 1971), Albert
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1968, 53-55.
7 GeraldM. Goldhaber, Organizational Communication, 4th ed. (Dubuque, Iowa:
Win. C. Brown, 1980, 189).
8 J. G. Miller, Living Systems: The Organization, Behavioral Science 17,1972,69.
9 Donald B. Simmons, The Nature of the Organizational Grapevine, Supervisory
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Getting Ford Round the Corner, Financial Times (July 30, 2001), http://news.ft.com; Mary
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www.autonews.com-, Jeffrey E. Garten, The Mind of the C.E.O., BusinessWeek Online
(February 5, 2001), http://www.businessweek.com-, Keith H. Hammonds, Grassroots Leadership
Ford Motor Company, Fast Company (April 2000), http://www.fastcompany.com-, Alex Taylor,
The Fight at Ford, Fortune (April 3, 2000), http://www.fortune.com-, Betsy Morris, Idealist
on Board, Fortune (April 3, 2000), http://www.fortune.com.
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Quarterly 25, 1980, 129-141; B. R. Baligia and Alfred M. Jaeger, Multinational
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2 V. Feigenbaum, Total Quality Control: Engineering and Management (New
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3 Edward E. Lawler III and Susan A. Mohrman, Quality Circles after the Fad,
Harvard Business Review (January-February 1985), 65-71.
4 Howard Rothman, You Need Be Big to Benchmark, Nations Business, December
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5 Philip R. Thomas, LarryJ. Gallace, Kenneth R. Martin, Quality Alone Is Not Enough,
AMA Management Briefing (New York: American Management Association, 1992).
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Administrative Science Quarterly 26,1981,207-224; Dorothy Marcic, Organizational Behavior:
Experiences and Cases, 4lhed. (St. Paul, Minn.: West, 1995).
 21. - 779

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How to Build Customer Loyalty in an Internet World. (
CRM . CIO.com,
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 21. - 781

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1 James A. OBrien, Introduction to Information Systems, 7th ed. (Burr Ridge,

111.: Irwin, 1994), 19.
2 Fess Crockett, Revitalizing Executive Information Systems, Sloan Management
Review, Summer 1992, 39-47.
 22

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College Publishing, 2001), 210; Byron J. Finch and Richard L. Luebbe, Operations M anage
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APICS The Perform ance Advantage (August 1998), 56-59.
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 22. 819

3. $1 .
Intel Itanium,
?
: David P. Hamilton, Gam bling It Can M ove Beyond PC, Intel Offers a N ew
M icroprocessor, The Wall StreetJournal (M ay 2 9 ,2 0 0 1 ), A l, A8; Peter Fabris, Intel O utside,
CIO, S ection 1 (A ugust 15, 1998), 6 4 -6 9 .

1 Gregory B. Northcraft and Richard B. Cgase, Managing Service Dem a n d at the

Point of Delivery, Academy o f Management Review 10, 1985, 66-75; Richard
B. Chase and David A. Tansik, The Customer Contact Model for Organization
Design, Management Science 29, 1983, 1037-1050.
2 Everett E. Adam,Jr., and Paul M. Swamidass, Assessing Operations Management
from a Strategic Perspective,Journal o f Management 15, 1989, 181-203.
3 Barbara B. Flynn and F. RobertJacobs, An Experimental Comparison of Cellular
(Group Technology) Layout with Process Layout, Decision Sciences 18, 1987,
562-581; RichardJ. Schonberger, Plant Layout Becomes Product-Oriented with
Cellular, Just-Time Production Concepts, Industrial Engineering, November
1983, 66-77; Jack R. Meredith and Marianne M. Hill, Justifing N e w M a n u
facturing Systems: A Managerial Approach, Sloan Management Review, Summer
1987,49-61.
4 Ronald Henkoff, Delivering the Goods, Fortune, November 28,1994, 64-78.

VI. Ford
Ford
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Company?
.
: Nedra Pickier, Explorer Fender Benders Costly, Auto.com, November 30,
2002, http://www.auto.com', Jacques Knifed, The Economist, November 3, 2001, h ttp://
www.economist.com', Alex Taylor III, What's Behind Ford's fall?, Fortune, October 29, 2001,
http://www.fortune.com,Joann Muller, Ford: Why It's Worse Than You Think, BusinessWeek
Online, June 25, 2001, http://www.businessweek.com', Keith Bradsher, Ford is Concerning S.U.V.
Drawbacks, The New York Times, May 12, 200, http://www.serv.com.


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.

(w o r k fo r c e d iv e r s ity ).

( a s s e s s m e n t c e n t e r ) .

, - ,

; ,

(c r o s s - fu n c t io n a l t e a m ).

( V r o o m J a g o m o d e l ) . ,

, .

( h o r i z o n t a l l i n k a g e m o d e l ) .

( m a i c h i n g m o d e l ) . ,

, .

(jo b c h a r a c t e r i s t i c m o d e l ) .

, ,

( m o n o c u l t u r e ) . ,

- (m o r a l- r ig h t s a p p ro a c h ). ,

, ,

(c o d e / e t h ic s ).

; ,

( m o t i v a t o r s ) . , ,

, ,

, .

( m o t i v a t i o n ) . , ,

() ( m u s c u l i n i t y ) .

, , ,

.
 833

(m u l t i p l e a d v o c a c y ) .

( m u l t i d o m e s t i c s t r a t e g y ) .

(e m p o w e r m e n t ) . .
(s c i e n t i f i c m a n a g e m e n t ) .
,

( n o n v e r b a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n ) . ,

, .

( n e u t r a l i z e r ) . ,

( a m b i g u i t y ) . ,

, , ,

, .

( c o n t i n u o u s p r o c e s s p r o d u c t i o n ) . ,

(c o n tin u o u s im p r o v e m e n t).

( u n c e r t a i n t y a v o i d a n c e ) . ,

, , ,

( n o n p r o g r a m m e d d e c i s i o n ) . ,

, ,

( u n c e r t a i n t y ) . , ,

, ,

( i n f o r m a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n c h a n n e l ) .

, ,

(h a lo e r r o r ). ,

( ), .

( d o w n w a r d c o m m u n i c a t i o n ) . ,

(g r e e n fie ld v e n tu re ).

(n o m in a l g r o u p ). ,

.
834

(norm). ,

( ) (span of management).

, , ,

(normative). ,

, .

(norming) . ,
, , .

(pay survey). ,

()

(job enrichment). ,

(, ,

, ).

(feedback). .
(obstructive response). ,

, ,

( ).

(learning organization). ,

, ,

(on-the-job training (OJT).

, .

(diversity awareness training).

() (general enviroment).

(bounded rationality). , ,

(single-use plans). ,

- .

( expectancy). , :

P O O (POO expectancy). , ,

(operations strategy).

() (operationalplans).

, rio

.
 835

() (o p e r a t io n a lg o a ls ). ,

, .

( o p e r a t i n g b u d g e t ) .

( ), .

( o p e r a t i o n s m a n a g e m e n t ) . ,

, ,

(d e s c r ip tiv e ). ,

, , .

( o r g a n i z a t i o n s t r u c t u r e ) . ,

, .

() ( o r g a n i z a t i o n a l c h a i t ) .

(O P ) ( o r g a n i z a t i o n a l d e v e l o p m e n t ( D ) ) .

()

, ,

( o r g a n i z a t i o n a l c h a n g e ) .

. \

( o r g a n i z a t i o n a l c o n t r o l ) . ,

, ^

(o r g a n iz a t io n ).

, .

(o r g a n iz in g ). ,

, ;

(p e r c e p t u a l o r g a n i z a t i o n ) .
.
( s e r v i c e o r g a n i z a t i o n ) . ,
; ;

(o r g a n ic s tru c tu r e ).

, ,

( t i m e - b a s e d c o m e t i t i o n ) . ,

(m a n a g e m e n t b y w a n d e r in g a r o u n d ( M B W A ) .

(g r a n d s tra te g y ).

, , .

( r e s p o n s i b i b t y ) .

( s e l e c t i o n ) . ,

(o p e n s y s t e m ) . , .
836

( o p e n - b o o k m e n e g e m e n t ) .

(o p e n c o m m u n i c a t i o n ) .

, .

(i n c o m e s t a t e m e n t ) .

, .

(jo b e v a lu a t io n ).

( p a r a d i g m ). ,

( p a r t n e r s h i p ) . ,

(v a r ia b le c o s t s ) . ,

( p a p e r - a n d - p e n c i l t e s t ) . ,

, , .

( p l a n ) . ,

, , .

(p la n n in g ).

, .

( c a r e e r p l a n n i n g ) . ,

, ,

() ( m a t e r ia ls r e q u ir e m e n t p la n n in g ( M P R ) .

( c a p a c i t y p l a n n i n g ) .

, .

( ) (m a n u fa c tu r in g re s o u rc e p la n n in g

(M P R II) . .

( h u m a n r e s o u r c e p l a n n i n g ) .

( f l a t s t r u c t u r e ) . ,

(p lu r a lis m ). ,

(r e in fo r c e m e n t). , ,

, .
 837

( a c c o u n t a b i l i t y ) . ,

(s u b s y s t e m s ). ,

, -

( a f f i r m a t i v e a c t i o n s ) . ,

( s e a r c h ) . ,

(p o lit ic a l a c tiv it y ). (,

) .

(p o lit ic a l fo r c e s ).

( p o l i t i c a l r i s k ) . ,

( , ) (p r o c e s s

la y o u t ). , ,

(p o r t fo lio s t r a t e g y ) .

, -

, ,

( s u p l i e r s ) . ,

( p e r m a n e n t t e a m ) . ,

, .

(fix e d c o s ts ). ,

, .

( s t a n d i n g p l a n s ) . ,

( m e d i a t i o n ) . .
( c u s t o m e r s ) . ,
, , , .

( n e e d t o a c h i e v e ) .

, .

( s t o r y ) . ,

, .

(o u t s o u r c in g ).

( s a t i s f i c e ) . ,

, .

- (fr u s tr a tio n - r e g r e s s io n p r in c ip le ). ,

.
838

() (d i s c r e t i o n a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ) .

, , .

(a c c o m m o d a t i v e r e s p o n s e ).

, , , ,

_
___
_ (e n t r e p r e n e u r ) . ,

( e n t r e p r e n e u r s h i p ).
,

( p r o a c tiv e r e s p o n s e ) .

, ,

( p r o b l e m ) . ,

, ,

(p r o g r a m m e d d e c is io n ). ,

( c y c l e t i m e ) . ,

( ,

).

() (p r o d u c tiv it y ).

, .

() ( p r o d u c t l a y o u t ) . ,

(e f fic ie n c y ). (,

, , )

(m a n u fa c tu r in g o r g a n iz a t io n ). ,

( c h a n n e l r i c h n e s s ) . ,

(p r o c e d u r a l ju s t ic e ). ,

, ,

(d e c is io n m a k i n g ) .

( d i r e c t i n v e s t i n g ) . ,

(s iz e ). , , ,

, (
) ( f i x e d - p o s i t i o n l a y o u t ) . ,
, ,

, .
 839

( u n f r e e z i n g ).

{ p e r f o r m a n c e g a p ) .

( e n v i r o m e n t a l d i s o t i n u i t y ) .

, .

( d i s t r i b u t i v e j u s t i c e ) . , ,

, , ,

; ,

(a d j o u r n i n g ) . ,

( j o b e n l a r g e m e n t ) . ,

, .

( i m p l e m e n t a t i o n ) . , ,

, ,

( b e h a v i o u r m o d ific a t io n ). ,

( w o r k r e d e s i g n ) .

(p e rfo rm a n c e ).

(r e e n g in e e r in g ). -

, ,

, ;

( r e c r u i t i n g ). ,

, .

( d e c i s i o n ) . , .
( r e f e r e n t p o w e r ) .
, , ,

( r i s k ) . ,

, ,

- ( b o u n d a r y - s p a n n i n g r o l e s ) .

( r o l e ) . - .
( j o b r o t a t i o n ) . ,

() (le a d in g ). ,

.
840

( l a b o r m a r k e t ) . ,

( s e l f - d i r e c t e d t e a m ) . 5-20

, ,

(b e h a v io r a lly a n c h o r e d r a t in g s c a le (B A R S )). Me-

, -

(p e r c e p t u a l s e l e c t i v i t y ) .

, , .

( s e m a n t i c s ) . , .

(-) ( s e r v a n t l e d e r ) . ,

(n e tw o rk s tru c tu re ). ,

, ()

( s y m b o l ) . , , .
( s y n e r g y ) . , ,
.

( s y s t e m ) .

(C A D ).

, .

( ). ,

(p o in t s y s te m ). ,

() ( j u s t - i n - t i m e i n v e n t o r y s y s t e m s ) .

, ,

, ,

( s i t u a t i o n a l t h e o r y ) . ,

(c o n tin g e n c y v ie w ). ,

(c o n tin g e n c y p la n s ). (),

( s i t u a t i o n a n a l y s i s ) . ,

( ) .

( c o n t i n g e n c y a p p m a c h ) . ,

.
 841

( r i s k p r o p e n s i t y ) .

( i n v i s i b l e m i n o r i t i e s ) , ,

, .

( m e r g e r ) . .
( s t o r m i n g ) . ,
, , ,

, .

(e q u it y f in a n c in g ). , ,

(jo in t v e n tu r e ). ,

, ,

( t o t a l f a c t o r p r o u c t i v i t y ) .

(, ,

).

( d o w n s i z i n g ) .

( m e s s a g e ) . .
( c o n c u r r e n t c o n t r o l ) . ,
,

, ( t w o b o s s e m p lo y e e ).

, .

(s o c ia l f a c ilit a t io n ). ,

- ( s o c i o e m o t i o n a l r o l e ) . ,

(s o c ia l r e s o n s ib ility ).

, .

( s o c i a l f o r c e s ) .

, , .

(w o r k s p e c ia liz a tio n ). ,

).

(s p e c ia l- p u r p o s e te a m ). ,

( t a s k s p e c i a l i s t r o l e ) . ,

( t a s k f o r c e ) . ,

, , .

(p la n n in g ta s k f o r c e ).

, ,

( e q u i i t y ) . , ,

.
842

( ) (t a s k e n v i r o m e n t ) . ,

, (,

).

( m a t u r i t y s t a g e ) . ,

(b ir th s t a g e ) . , -

, .--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

( m id lif e s t a g e ). ,

, .

( y o u t h s t a g e ) . ,

, , .

( s t a t i s t i c a l q u a lity c o n t r o l).

() (s t a t i s t i c a l p r o c e s s c o n t r o l ( S P C ) ) .

(g l a s s c e ilin g ). ,

( c o r e c o n tr o l s y s te m ).

, , , ,

( c o r e c o m p e te n c e ). ,

, , .

(s t e r e o t y p e ) . , , ,

(n o n p a r t i c i p a t o r w i e ). ,

(m o s t f a v o r e d n a t i o n ) . ,

, .

- () (S t r a t e g i e b u s i n e s s u n i t ( S B U ) ) .

, ( ) ,

, .

(S t r a t e g i e p l a n s ) . , ,

(S t r a t e g i e g o a l s ) . ,

; ,

(S t r a t e g i e m a m a g e m e n t).

(s t r a t e g y ). ,

( m a r k e t e n t r y s t r a t e g y ) .

.
 843

(g l o b a l i z a t i o n ). ,

(c o r p o r a te - le v e l s t r a t e g y ).

, - ,

( b u s i n e s s - l e v e l s t r a t e g y ) .

, -

( f u n c t i o n a l - l e v e l s t r a t e g y ) .

: , , , .

(s tr e s s ).

, ,

( s t r u c t u r a l c h a n g e ) .

( s u b s t i t u t e ) . ,

( t a c t i c p l a n s ) . ,

(t a c t ic g o a ls ). ,

, .

(p r o c e s s t h e o r i e s ) . ,

( c o n t e n t t h e o r i e s ) . ,

( h i e r a r c h y o f n e e d s t h e o r y ) . ,

, (, ,

, , ) .

( p r o c e s s t h e o r y ) . ,

( r e i n f o r c e m e n t t h e o r y ) . ,

(e q u ity th e o ry ). ,

- ( p a t h - g o a l t h e o r y ) . ,

(E R G th e o ry ). ,

: , , .
844

Z ( T h e o ry Z ). ,

( t e c h n i c a l s k i l l ).

( t e c h n i c a l s k i l l ) . ,

(t e c h n i c a l c o r e l ) . ,

(t e c h n o l o g y ). , , -
, .

( s e r v i c e t e c h n o l o g y ) . ,

( t e c h n o l o g y c h a n g e ) . ,

, .

( t e c h n o l o g i c a l d i m e n s i o n ) . ,

( t o l e r a n c e f o r a m b i g u i t y ) .

, .

( t r a d e a s s o t i a t i o n ) .

, .

( ) ( r e o r d e r p o i n t ( R O P ) ) .

, .

( t r a n s a c t i o n a l l e a d e r ) . ,

, ,

( t r a n s n a t i o n a l s t r a t e g y ) . ,

( t r a n s f o n n a t i o n a l s t r a t e g y ) . ,

() (c e r t a in ty ). ,

( l i s t e n i n g ) . ,

, .

( e t h i c s o m b u d s m a n ) .

, :

, ,

( )) ( m a n a g e m e n t b y o b je c tiv e s ( ) ) . ,

, ,

( ) (to ta l

q u a lit y m a n a g e m e n t ( T Q M ) . ,

, ,
 845

: , ,

( ) ( h u m a n re co u rse m a n a g e m e n t (H R M )).

( f e e d f o r w a r d c o n t r o l ) . ,

, .

(jo b s i m p l i f i c a t i o n ) . ,

, .

(u t ilita r ia n a p p ro a c h ). ,

(f i n a n c i a l a u d i t ) .

, .

(f i n a n c i a l b u d g e t ) . ,

( v e n t u r e c a p i t a l f i r m ) . ,

(fo c u s ). , ,

(fo r m a liz a tio n ).

, , , , ,

( f o r m a l t e a m ) . ,

( f o r m a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n c h a n n e l ) .

(f o r m in g ). ,

( s t r a t e g y f o r m u l a t i o n ) . ,

(fr a n c h is in g ). ,

- ,

, , ,

, , .

( f u n c t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e ) . ,

, .

( f u n c t i o n a l m a n a g e r ) . ,

; .
846

X
( t r a i t s ) . ,

, - .

(c h a r is m a tic l e d e r ) . ,

, .

( H a w t h o r n e s t u d i e s ) . 1924 .

. ( , ) W e s t e r n E le c t r ic

( g o a l ) . , .
( s u p e r o r d i n a t e g o a l ) . ,
.

(r e s p o n s ib ilit y c e n te r ).

(c e n t r a liz a t io n ).

( c e n t r a l i z e d n e t w o r k ) . ,

( c e n t r a l p l a n n i n g d e p a r t m e n t ) .

( c e r e m o n y ) . ,

(S h e w h a r t c y c le ). :

--- ().

() ( p a r t i a l p r o d u c t i v i t y ) .

( h u m a n s k i l l ) .

, .

(L P C s c a le ).

, (

) .

(d e c e n t r a lis e d p la n n in g s ta ff).

() (e c o n o m ic v a lu e - a d d e d

s y s te m ( E V A ) ) . ,

.
 847

( economic forces). , ,
.
( economic dimension). ,
,
.
( ) ( economic order quantity (EOQ)).
,
.
( expatriates). ,
.
( expert power). ,
, .
( exporting). , ,
,
.
(entropy). ,
.
(ethics). ,

.
(etihcal dilemma). ,
-
, , .
(etnorelativism). .
(etnocentrism). , -
.
(effectiveness). .

(cellular layout). ,
,
, .


, 614 , . 290, 310

, 622 , 812
, . 195 , . 338
, . 383 , 458
, . 170 , 508
, . 79 , 80, 241 , 187_______
, . 148 . 272
, . 229 , . 385, 386
, . 242 , . 168, 313
, . 183 , . 133
, . 73, 219 . 271
, . 175 . 738
. 587 , . 328
, 608 , 438
, 581 . 272
, 437 , . 321, 415
-, . 148 , . 283
, 621 , . 368
, . 216 , . 198
, . 236 , 665
, . 343 , . 220
. 59 . 36
, . 170 , . 258
, . 194, 335 , . 331
, . 74 , . 161
, . 77, 369 , 596
, . 310 , . 327
, 678 , . 126
, . 240 , . 355
, 492 . 428
, . 286 , . 240
, 620 , . 343
, 419 , . 383
, . 396, 423 . 271
, . 76 , 436
, . 181 , 642
. 41, 268 , 441, 578
. 587 , 680
, 616, 617, 640 . 680
, . 94 , . 220
, . 76 . . 116
, . 406 , . 95
, 596 , . 335
, . 286 , . 100
, . 109 , . 328, 335
, . 116 , . 105
, . 224 , . 126
, . 376 , . 304
, . 145, 320 , 608
, 574 , 612
, . 292 , . 150
, . 132 , 618
, .- . 213, 242 , . 230
.. 148, 283, 312 , . 230
 849

, . 179 , . 337
, . 171 , 603
, . 84 , . 388
, 613, 614, 615 , . 220
, . 355 , 436
, .-. 124 , . 161
, . 146 , . 210
, . 183 . 274
. 45, 48, 53 , 608
, 581 , 646
, . 81 , 579
, . 217 , . 217
, . 105, 248 , . 75, 97
, . 257 , 611
, . 409 , 604
. 632 , . 190
, 658 . 253, 277
,. 381 , . 331
, 665 , . 249
, 643 , . 409
. 254 , 642
, . 236 , . 155
, . 98 , . 187
, . 128 , . 220
, . 137 , 665
, X. 265 , . 82
, 665 , 625
, . 126 , . 79
, . 300, 306 , X. 248
, . 170 . 738
, . 134 , . 362
, . 71 . 583, 585, 586, 589
, 679 , . 202
, . 133 , . 311
, . 304 , . 79
, 678 , . 249, 354
, . 355 , . 75, 220, 248
, . 355 , . 386
, . 192 , . 196
, 608 , . 220
, 436 Xai'anc, 588
, . 213 , . 343
, . 242 , . 100
, . 340 , 482
, . 359, 390 , . 324
, 459 , . 209
, . 119 , 608
, . 81 , . 388
. 272 . 272
, . 200 , . 386
, . 409 , . 199
, . 326 , . 195
. 259 , . 159, 168
, . 170 , X. 401
, . 345 , . 322
, . 319, 346 . 632
.. 127 , . 328
, . 217 , . 217
850

, . 94, 407 , . 81
. 31, 60 , . 297
, . 336 , . 284
, 646 , . 259,368
, . 355 , 439
, 579 , . 291
, . 136, 316, 322 , . 367
, . 217 , 552
, . 116 , 398

729
633 729
551 730
730
182 728
456 369

121
730
465 699
228 622
238
421
SWOT- 295 422
441 423
295 421
704 421
704 362
- 365
158 365
436
486 574
162 574
575
574
164 574
575, 578
672 575, 578
673 660
708
91, 738 415
572 580
- 377, 420 660
298 433
- 230, 232 296, 330
- 32
- 225, 226, 234 610
- 375 610
513 154
707
729 687
729 703
 851

584
154 609
145, 146, 216 617
666 805
695 624
513 467
260 83
76 801, 803
625 709
684 436, 440
115 632
190
400, 688
439
439, 446
754
399
433 378, 449
509
128
489
649
84
363, 364, 408
708
363, 382

364
446
93
444
370, 372, 384 449
699 445
366, 384 433
274 437
364 165
436
228 159
436 632
214
292 435
670 580
285 448, 450
376
182 660
469 618
467 456
507
670 491
515 - 96
479 - 233
236
95
- 268 327
154, 155 88
94, 330, 755
407
93
73 151
160 87

3 580
193 611
852

448
169
665 735
658 2 2 1
2 2 0
230 735
730 264
784
7 0 0 723, 725
458 723 ------ -------------
723, 724
290
328 241, 730
200 164
649 703, 706
510 345
93
160 684
400, 684, 690 579
694, 708 700
438, 440 8 8
687 612
691 612
6 8 8 611
400 307
6 8 8
382, 384 581
694 373, 398
689 397
382 422
760 399
690 228
689 166
687
733
687
93, 442, 517, 647-648, 733
673 436, 439
438
420, 662
738, 740
655
275, 412, 424
658
130
658
130
6 6 8
660 517, 518
130
407
647 125, 129, 189, 388, 410,
454

516
167
158
147
289 517
167 410
238 190, 432
166 130
410
55, 57
575 135
167
575
116
501
121
301 56
 853

75
59, 241, 574, 583 148
578 75, 611
578 81
578 87, 784, 791
709 738
407, 743
583, 584 284, 285, 294
590 42
584 42
570, 575, 594, 596 34, 253
35, 57, 168, 186, 310, 572 81
589 81
199
452
287
164 486
128 443
490 254, 255, 257, 275
511

502
552
499
51

BC G 298
447

325
155
327
155
. . 588

665
319, 321, 324, 363, 370, 398, 440, 634
6 8 6
450, 498, 512, 575, 576, 580, 584, 603, 610,
612, 620, 648, 667, 674, 684, 696 123
474 501, 510
45 616
579 612
168, 256, 609
198
414 590, 608
590
186
612
44
160
580
284
580
47

44, 400, 401
65
57 648
533 40
44 40, 42
45 40, 41

33, 34, 74, 323, 432, 433, 434, 441, 442, 432
445, 511, 608, 628, 661, 707, 727, 754 636
14 813 343, 625
489 705
167 703
81 592
75, 80 159, 222, 322, 324
75 415
854

322, 323
122, 150, 228, 238
365 730
365 443, 706
592, 593

702
708
695 543
88 541
- - 57 ____________
255 254
255 264
169, 343, 483 267
( 621 264
( 0 622 255
787, 789 254, 260
789 469
784, 791, 798, 804 264, 267
437 264, 269
86 254, 259
35, 241, 326, 359, 398, 431, 687 254, 260
410 34, 240, 254, 257
77 269
388 433
397 807
38 ( ) 806
58 801
52 784
80 274
92, 404, 412, 433 284, 787
399 273
55, 404 472, 474
785 389
436 501
404 160
257
198 589
510 296
486
479 472
363 475
365 475
190, 196, 198 695
196
197 443
196 707
624
365 625
365 625
708 626
626
467 626
649, 674 626
730 626
265 363
487 90
619
 855

329
448 700
446, 450 326
448
583 362
445 362
413 - 614
574 168, 322
438 326
695 337
200 407
152 337
325
362, 727 337
574, 584 337
649, 674 329
298 338
117 329, 346
302 705
706 703
115 329
739
613 810
613
614 ( ) 792
613 543
609 39, 810
613 811
84 811
222 811
435 795, 796
329 797
618 795
618 795
618 795
184
480 ( ) 799
785
184
184 418
184 418
184 417
184 418
184
476 440
127 660
214, 221 402
222 730
220 648
220 435
215 320
88
218 552
165
124, 165
196 705
575
856

474 50
93 50
54, 71 49
151 50
50
370 695
360 50
572
704 379
--------- -------
704 600
42 596
704 580
45
517, 518 434
418 589
694 590
632 338
435 117
432
708
513 181
326 452, 633, 649, 650, 660
623 673
154
399, 402, 403 664
360 664
97
433
88 434
88 441
83, 311, 612 441
320 72
332 71
331 72
321 511
335 90, 291
330 88
321 488
331 89
334 311
335 759
345 311
345 89
333 759
321 760
322, 323 807
148 441
152
48 332
50 124
695 128
48
50 474
50
48 695
49 480
 857

702 705
510 704
811 582
704
695 706
- 216 290, 413
- 292
653 295, 309, 312
653 162
574 288
440 287
58
302, 413
71
432

292
694
303, 305, 413
360
289

285
276
306
694
286

285
699, 700
286
619 289
303, 305
185 295
185 292, 294, 308
185 287
738 440
452
88, 110 397
110, 297 - 374
110 399
- 152 366
111 370, 375, 378, 390, 414
149 583
111 415
119 417
110, 111 665
193 93, 370, 382, 413
110 370, 378, 380
111 417
158 366
111 387
111 370, 403, 420, 421
151 310, 360, 365, 417
111 417, 419
366
698 374
698 370, 384
698 374
698 412
697 370, 372, 413, 414
542 399

200, 202
584
590
581
592
858

801
420 98
360 513
269 31, 269
665
743
264
X 84 665, 666
88, 738, 740
86 474-----------------------
616 439
613 59
581 32
610 312
620, 621 630
454
. . 587 707
623 700
80 740
618 700
- 588, 590 442
- 622
88
619 616
. 583 165
612
784 229
417 229
754, 772 229
- 512
417 438
420 369
420
687 489
232
302 232
164, 231, 588
228
- 37, 43 X
91 389
550 82

222, 322 254
490 706
625 261
296 257, 384
435 261
686 260
610 608
707 264
695 258
705 260
656
287 472, 483
512
418 292
 859

- 268
728 73
366 163
95
667
362, 373 695
261 89
128 344

456
576 456
690 455
180
183
477 183
180
583 - 183
487 183
673 183
501
161, 167, 500, 501
543
- 95
36
- 95
39

Abercrombie & Fitch 115 ASDA G roup 114

AES C orporation 169 Asea Brown Boveri 378
Agency.com 116 Ask Jeeves 237
Airbus 122 Ask.com 237
AK Steel 574 AT& T 55. 80, 153, 403, 483
Alcoa 203 A thene Software 133
Alibris 180 Autobytel.com 150
Allied Tire Stores 287 Avon 202, 285
Amazon.com Baazee.com 150
70, 73, 96, 109, 180, 237, 241, 307, 424 Barnes & Noble 70, 109, 124
America Online 124, 151, 424 BASF 148
American Airlines Baskin-Robbins 289
139, 269, 271, 325, 326, 343, 372 B ayN etw orks 119
American Cyanamid 311 Bayer 123
American Electric Pow er 180 B earShare 97
American Express 60, 167, 256, 257 Ben & Je rry s Ice Cream 145
American Standard 401 Bertelsm ann AG 124, 146
Amex Life Insurance 256, 257 Best W estern International 437
Amgen 290 Bethlehem Steel 75
Andersen C onsulting 60 Copper Metals 361
Anheuser-Busch 164 Black & D ecker 266
AOL Time W arner 306 B lockbuster 316
Apexx Technology 126 BlueLightc.com 286
Apple 145 B M W 105
Application Technologies 240 Bobs Big Boy 161
Archer-D aniels-M idland 179 Body Shop 193
As You Sow 192 Boeing 42, 122, 202, 258, 290, 689
860

B P Amoco PLC 193 DaimlerChrysler 123, 328, 354, 387, 399, 400
Brady C orporation 359 Davenport W orks 203
Braun 300 Dell 96, 145, 151, 305, 310, 387
B ridgestone/Firestone 179, 248, 355 Delta Airlines 39
Bristol-M yers Squibb 193 D estiny W ebSolutuions 37
Buckman Laboratories International 90 Deutsche Telecom 124
Budweiser 148 DGL International 604
Buick 330, 332 Dialog 109
B urger King 145, 164, 316 Dillard 448
C. K. England 38 ----- Disney 327 - _ _
Cache Flow Inc. 234 Dixon Ticondcroga Co. 112
Cambrian Systems 119 Dow Corning 202, 378
Campbell Soup 628 Dr. Pepper 145
Canadian Airlines 442 Du P ont 266, 334
C arnation 145 Duke Energy Corp. 269
Carnival Cruise Lines 424 D unkin Donuts 315
C arPoint 354 D uP ont 92, 145, 192
C arrefour SA 144 Duracell 300
C arrier Corp. 96 DVD Empire 213, 242
C asino/H oliday Inn 675 E.piphany 258
Caterpillar 112, 289 c2 Home 292
Celanese 334 E ast-W est Business Strategies 168
Cemex 70, 98 Eastern Airlines 190
CenterBeam 204 eBay 41, 96, 236, 237, 286, 305
Champion Enterprises 284 Edward Jones 332
Chevron 268, 757 Electrolux 292
Childress B uick/K ia 646 Electronic Data Systems 128
Chrysle 398 Embark.com 41
Chrysler 128, 328, 335, 445 Emery Air Freight 628
C ircuit City 802 Engage Media 193
Cisco 119 Enron 60, 179, 197
Cisco Systems 37, 119, 217, 292, 424 E nterprise Rent-A -Car 306
Cisneros Group 200 Ericsson 292
Citibank 114 Etera 233
Citigroup 114, 139, 296 Europa Hotel 253
Clarify 119 Expedia.com 96
Clorox 293 Exxon 117, 272
Coca-Cola 139, 144, 148, 161, 269, 270, 283, Farley Glass W orks 642
288, 302, 312, 320 Federal Express 144, 302, 436
Cognetics, Inc. 73, 219 FedEx 47
Colgate-Palm olive 167, 289 Firestone 248, 324, 354
C olum bia/H C A H ealthcare 202 Firestone/B ridgestone 104
Com am bault 79 First N et Card 153
Com fort Inn 305 Focus: Hope 39
Compaq 145, 151 Foot Traffic 241
Com pton 319 Ford 76, 96, 104, 123, 179, 193, 248, 289,
CompUSA 320 354, 387
ConAgra 311, 390 Foreign Candy 241
Consolidated Diesel 365 Forrester Research 235
Consolidated Glass & M irror 220 Fortune 126, 133, 200
Container Store 126 Fox 306, 328
Coors Beer 148 France Telecom 124
Costco 135 Freddie Mac 39
Cozone 320 Fuji 283
Cummins Engine 689 FunPhones 218
CuraGen 123 Gallo W inery 292
Cyn-Com System 492 Gap 86
Daewoo 164 Gardcn.com 233
 861

Gateway 96, 145, 387 Village 180

GE Aircraft Engines 123 Jaguar 354, 355
GE Capital M ortgage 325 Jel 667
General E lectric Johnson & Johnson 56, 284, 367
56, 86, 92, 96, 115, 165, 166, 284, 287, Johnson Electric H olding 146
381, 483, 491, 625, 628, 729 Juniper N etworks 217
General Foods 401 K athy Lee Gifford 269
General M ills 401 Kellogg 144, 161, 192, 297
General M otors Kentucky Fried Chicken 164
104, 117, 123, 166, 193, 249, 321, 330, 332, Kim berly-Clark 146, 483
335, 354, 387, 400, 414, 442, 674 Kingsley M anagem ent LLC 285
G erber Scientific Inc. 163 Km art 286, 313
Gibson G u itar 306 Kodak 152, 153, 180, 283
G illette 136, 144, 289, 299, 300 Kwik-Fit 354
Glaxo W ellcom e 114 L. L. Bean 439, 739
Grateful D ead Productions 33 Lamaur 219
Greyston Bakery 187 Land Rover 104, 354
Grupo Pao de Acucar SA 144 Lands End 153, 439
Haagen-Dazs 289 Le Creusot-Loire 79
Hallm ark C ards 128 Lees Carpets 39
Harleysville G roup 304 Levi Strauss 115
Hasbro 320 Limited Inc. 310
H ealthSouth 337 Lincoln Electric 206, 750
Hearing T echnology 683 Lockheed 109, 365
Hecla M ining 683 Lockheed M artin 201
Heineken Breweries 164, 165 Look-Look 116
Hershey 192, 283 Lowes 117
H ertz 104 LSI Logic 376
H ew lett-Packard 135, 138, 145, 151, 359, 378 LTV 574
H itachi 122 LTV Steel 689
Hoechst 148 Lucasfilm 42
Holiday Inn 280, 305 Lucent Technologies 119
H olt Com panies 200 Madison M anufacturing 340
Home D epot 117, 192, 290, 802 Mail Boxes Etc 257
H onda 368 M alard 428
Honey well 115 Manville 190
Host Universal 388, 389 M arriott 420
HotM ail 234 Mars 283
Houghton Mifflin 124 M ary Kay Cosmetics 128
Hydro Media 409 Massengills 209
Ibanez 306 M atsushita Electric 169
iBazar 286 M attel 180, 283, 287, 320, 683
IBM 82, 119, 122, 144, 151, 159, 253, 380, Mazda 104, 253
403, 465, 483, 502 M cDonalds 144, 148, 152, 161, 164, 292, 316,
ICI 148 376, 420, 588
Igus Inc 410 M D P C onstruction 369
Im agination 382 M ercedes Benz 165
IM D 161 Merck 205, 293
Im pact Online 398 M erry-G o-Round 34
Inc 228 Mexicana Airlines 47
Insan H itaw asana Sejahtera 197 Michelin 56
Intel 145, 266, 320 Michigan Belt 628
Interface 195 Microsoft
International H arvester 274 97, 114, 122, 134, 157, 268, 319, 354, 375
International M etals 366 M innesota M ining and M anufacturing 128
In tu it 406 Mitei 33
Ipswitch 97, 224 Mobil Oil 513
ITT 287 M onsanto 513
862

M ontgom ery W ard 73 Reebok 197

M organ Stanley Dean W itter 271, 355 Reed 436
M orpheus 97 Reed Pharmaceuticals 458
M oser C abinetm akers 216 Resitronic 603
M otel 6 305 Rider Systems 651
M otorola 92, 153, 202, 275, 396, 423 Robinson Jewelers 128
MP3.com 124 Royal D utch/S hell 193, 253
MTV Corp. 136 Royal D utch/Shell G roup 147, 166
M ultiplex Co. 163 Rubbermaid 263
M urray Publishing 202---------------------------
Napster 97, 181 Ryerson Midwest Coil Processing 658
National Graphics 163 SABRE Group 325, 326
Nestle 148 SafeCard Services of Jacksonville 665
Network Systems 403 Samsung 145
NeuralStem Biopharmaceuticals 181 Sandstorm Products 608
New England Confectionary Co. (Necco) 42 SAS Institute 126, 131
New Jersey Bell 80 Saturn 323, 414
Night Kitchen 39 Scandinavian Design 674
Nike 144, 192, 270 Schering AG 56
Nokia 92, 135, 397 Scholastic Magazine 508
Nordstorm 127 Sealed Air 261
Norsk Hydro 409 Sears 169, 179, 202, 292
Nortel Networks 117, 134, 145, 287 SEI Investments 58, 408
Northern State Pow er Co. 263 Seibel Systems 131
N orthern Telecom 117, 120 Sequins International 128, 634
N orthup Grumman 202 Shareholder Action Network 192
Novartis AG 109, 136 Shell Oil 145
Oceanographies 733 Shellington Pharm aceuticals 64
Office Depot 46, 229 Shoebuy.com 238
Oldsmobile 330, 332 Shoneys 469
Oracle 259, 368 Showmut 400
Oral-B 300 Siebel Systems 127, 259
OSI Industries 152 Siemens 136, 145, 151, 265
Pacific Edge Software 132 Simplicity P attern 400
Packard Electric 674 SitStay GoO ut Store 233
Parsons Pine Products 626 Smith & Smith 661
PepsiCo 291, 302 SmithKline Bcecham 114
Performance Learning Inc. 400 Softbank V enture Capital 237
Periphonics 119 SOL Cleaning Service 263
Pets.com 233 Solectron 407
Physician Sales and Service 258 Solectron Corp. 94
Pillsbury 145 Southwest Airlines 36, 126, 343, 701
Pittsburgh Brewing 198 Space Island 303
P ra tt & W hitney 123, 193 Springfield Remanufacturing 274
Pro-Am Safety 213, 242 S print 124
Procter & Gamble St. Paul Cos. 335
71, 92, 96, 138, 146, 193, 256, 289, 293 Standol 426
Producer and Im porter of Paper S.A. 70 Starbucks 136, 285, 321
Progressive 96 Sun Microsystems 41, 119
Prudential Insurance 268, 477 Sun T rust 386
PSS W orld Medical 126, 134 Sysco 192
Q uanta 145 Taco Bell 316
QXL 96 Tektronix 689
QXL.com 150 Telefonica 286
R & D Laboratories 385 Tenneco 266
R /C Country Hobbies 220 Tennessee Valley A uthority 474
Ramada Inn 305 Texaco 190
Random House 146 Texas Instalm ents 92, 122, 144, 402, 438
 86 3

The Public C itizen's Global Trade W atch 155 Viant Inc. 94

Thompson Financial 59 Vivendi 124
Time W arner 306 Vizzavi 124
Tom s of M aine 335 Vodafone 124
T oronto General Hospital 39 Volkswagen 105, 123, 387
Total 176 Volvo 355, 711
T ouchstone 313 W al-M art 71, 96, 114, 144, 153, 166, 170,
T oyota 166, 249 191, 192, 292, 313, 783. 802
Toys R Us 202, 802 W alker Research 203
Travelers 114 W alt Disney 313
Trichem Industries 458 W ashington Post 324
Tungsram 165 W ashington Steel 574
T urner Industries 88 W eirton Steel 136
Tyson Foods 179 Wells Fargo & Co. 34
U.S.A. Laboratories 112 W endys 164, 190, 316
U.S.Steel 574 W erner and Thompson 678
Unilever 147, 380 W estern Electric 81, 611
Union Carbide 311 W estinghousc 117, 454
U nited Airlines 115, 149, 362 W eyerhaeuser 88
U nited Parcel Service 78, 302 W hirlpool 363
U nited S tationers 136 W hole Food M arkets 407
U nited Technologies 121 W ild Bird International 232
U nited Technologies C orporation 193 W illam ette Industries 194
U nited W ay 253 W oolw orth 73
Universal Music 124 W orldCom 285
Universal Studios 124 W orldN ow 127
Universo O nline International 151 Xerox 109, 153, 513
Unocal 95, 175 Yahoo! 331, 424
U PS 127, 367 Yamaha 306
Vertical System s G roup 217
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