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Agriculture History.......................................................................................................................................... 1
Crops................................................................................................................................................................ 2
Agriculture Products in India ......................................................................................................................... 3
Crop Seasons in India ...................................................................................................................................... 3
Agriculture Revolutions .................................................................................................................................. 4
Agricultural related Institutions in India ............................................................................................ 6
Agriculture related Abbreviations ............................................................................................................... 12
Agriculture History
1820 Agricultural Society of India was established by Reverend William Carey on September 14
1824 Introduced cash crops seeds which were brought from America and Mauritius
1827 First document on Agriculture and Horticulture in British India published by the Society
1828 First Horticulture Exhibition in India was hosted by the Society
1830 Sugercane and Tobacco was cultivated at Akra Firm of the society in South 24 Parganas
1831 Maize seeds were brought from America for cultivation
1832 Introduced Ginger from Jamaica and potato from England
1835 Established branches in Lucknow, Madras and Dinajpur
1836 Shifted to the premises of Royal Botanic Garden, Howrah. 25 more branches opened in India
1838 First Egyptian Cotton was grown
1839 Grafts of fruit plants were successfully procured and cultivated
1840 32 varieties of wheat was brought from Europe and Egypt
1841 North India reports good quality potatoes from Societys tubers.
1843 Cocoa plants introduced from West Indies
1845 Manchester Cotton Supply Association declares Rs.1000 prize for the best cotton grown in India with
Societys help
1851 Procures seeds of Mexican Cotton
1853 Import tobacco seeds from Cuba, Hungary and Columbia
1854 Rhea seeds imported from Scotland and England
1858 Introduces Bougainvillea spectabillis from South Africa
1862 Introduces ornamental plants
1872 Agri-Horticultural Society shifts to its present location at 1, Alipore Road, Kolkata
1902 Introduces Sralia (Panax) Balfouriana, the stalk that produces bud sprouts
1907 Raises a new hybrid cooperanthas by crossi9ng cooperia and zephyranthes
1916 Council of the Society sanctions Rs. 200 to purchase orchids to improve its collection
1928 Published first book An Amateur in an Indian Garden by Percy Lancaster
1933 Raises hybrid cosmos and named it as Alipore Beauty
1935 Granted privilege to use the title Royal in recognition of its service, by King George V.
1939 Percy Lancaster of the Society awared Harvard Medal by Amaryllis Society of America for his
achievement in hybriding Habrant-Bus texanas
1940 Lancanster raises hybrid named Malthea by crossing Althea rosea and Malr sylvesrisva
1961 Carey Institute of Horticulture set up in the Society to conduct certificate course in horticulture,
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Crops
Kharif:
Crops are sown at the beginning of the south-west monsoon and harvested at the end of the south-
west monsoon.
Seasons-May to July
Harvesting season-September to October
Important crops: Jowar, bajra, rice, maize, cotton, groundnut, jute, hemp, sugarcane, tobacco, etc
Rabi:
Crops need relatively cool climate during the period of growth but warm climate during the
germination of their seed and maturation.
Sowing season-october-December
Harvesting season-February-April
Important crops: wheat, barley, gram, linseed, mustard, masoor and potatoes
Zaid:
Besides the kharif and rabi crops, there are certain crops which are being raised throughout the year
due to artificial irrigation.
Zaid kharif crops are sown in August-September and harvested in December-January.
Important crops: rice, jowar, rapeseed, cotton, oilseeds.
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Agriculture Revolutions
Green Revolution:
Food Gain Production
First Time Statred In --1966-67
First Adopted Ludiana (Punjab) , West Godavari (A.P), Tanjavuru( Tamil Nadu)
Used Crops In Green Revoultion -- Wheat , Rice, Jower , Maize
Green Revolution --Phase-2 --1983
Father Of Green Revolution --"Norman Borlang" --USA
Father Of Indian Green Revolution --"M.S.Swaminathan" --INDIA
Green Revolution "Word" Coined By ---" William S.Goud" --Uk
"Ever Green Revolution " Started In The Year --2010
Yellow Revolution
Oil seeds production
Oil Seeds, Edible Oil , Especially Mustard And Sunflower.
Father of Yellow Revolution " Sam Pitroda "
India occpied first place in groundnuts
White Revolution
Milk & Milk Products
World Milk Day June 1
Father Of White Revolution -- "Varghese Kurien "
Milk Man Of India-Verghese Kurien
India Ocupies World Wide -- 1st Place -- Butter , Ghee , Cheese
Blue Revolution
Fishes And Marine Products
Fish Production Blue Revolution Started -- 1960
Father Of Blue Revolution-"Dr.Arun Krishnan".
Fish & Sea Foods Production World Wide --- China 1st Place
India -- 2nd Place
In India -- 1st Place -- West Bengal , 2nd --Gujarat , 3rd -- Kerala
Fresh Water Fish Production -- Top -2 -- Westbengal , Andhrapradesh
Salt Water Fish Production -- Top-2 -- Gujrat , Kerala
Fish Most Usage State -- Westbengal
Pink Revolution
Prawn ,Onions,Pharmautiecals
Father Of Pink Revolution--"Durgesh Patel"
Father Of Induced Breeding--"Prof.Hirlal Chaudri"
Leading Producer Of Pharchemicals -- Switzerland, Germany,Usa
India Ranks --6th Place
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Grey Revolution
Fertilizers
Brown Revolution
COCOA, LEATHER
INDIA placed first in leather industries
india occupies first in -- number of cows , sheeps
Top beef exporting countriesTOP --> India -- 240 mn tonnes ,Brazil , USA
Silver Revolution
Egg (Poultry)
Father Of Silver Revolution-Indira Gandhi.
Iolet Revolution
Woolen Products
Australia -- 1st Position In Wollen Prodcution
India Occupies -- 7th Position , In India Punjab
Black Revolution
Crude oil & non conventional energy
Golden Revolution
Honey, Horticulture
Father Of Golden Revolution-Nirpakh Tutej
Golden Revolution
Fiber-Jute
Orange Revolution
Citrus & fruits production
China occupies first postion in fruits
India 2nd place in fruits production
In India -- maharastra occupiies 1st followed by andhrapardesh
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Development
PME Prioritisation, monitoring and evaluation
PI Principal investigator
PIU Project Implementation Unit (of NATP)
PPS Principal Production System Scientist
PVP Plant variety protection
SAP Scientific Advisory Panel (of Agro-Ecosystem)
SAREP Strategic adaptive research and extension plan
SAU State Agricultural University
SRC Staff Research Council
TAR Technology assessment and refinement
TOT Transfer of technology
UGC University Grants Commission
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