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1: 3538 (2016)
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2
Radiation therapy has been highly advanced as image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) by making advantage of image engineer-
ing technologies. Recently, novel frameworks based on image engineering technologies as well as machine learning technologies
have been studied for sophisticating the radiation therapy. In this review paper, the author introduces several researches of appli-
cations of machine learning for radiation therapy. For examples, a method to determine the threshold values for standardized up-
take value (SUV) for estimation of gross tumor volume (GTV) in positron emission tomography (PET) images, an approach to esti-
mate the multileaf collimator (MLC) position errors between treatment plans and radiation delivery time, and prediction
frameworks for esophageal stenosis and radiation pneumonitis risk after radiation therapy are described. Finally, the author intro-
duces seven issues that one should consider when applying machine learning models to radiation therapy.
f()
1.
xunknown yf(xunknown)
(image guided radiation therapy: IGRT)
1, 2CBCT (cone-beam com- GTV (gross tumor volume)
puted tomography) X PET (positron emission tomography) SUV
(standardized uptake value)
(multileaf collimator: MLC)
3
12
1
xlearn y
yf(xlearn)
2.GTV
f()
Kerhet (non-small-cell lung can-
cer: NSCLC) GTV
PET SUV70 SUVmax 70%
6GTV PTV (planning
target volume)
1 Kerhet
* 8128582 311
Division of Medical Quantum Science, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 311
Maida, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan
E-mail: arimurah@med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
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4.
Su
8
(articial neural network: ANN)
DVH VD(D10, 20,
30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80)
(n26) 1 (n 2
116) 1 ROC (receiver operating character-
36
Jpn. J. Med. Phys. Vol. 36 No. 1 (2016)
(p0.001)T stage
6.
1 Troost EG, Thorwarth D, Oyen WJ: Imaging-based treat-
ment adaptation in radiation oncology. J. Nucl. Med. 56:
19221929, 2015
Kang 2 Baumann M, Krause M, Overgaard J, et al.: Radiation
12 oncology in the era of precision medicine. Nat. Rev. Can-
cer 16: 234249, 2016
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