Gis&Cad Lab Manual

SRI SIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
TOPOSHEET
Area:
Chikiti village toposheet map image of srikakulam district.
Scale:
Scale of chikiti village toposheet + map image of srikakulam is 1:50000 mosaic of
the toposheet + containing four individual 74 A/12, 74 A/16, 74 A/11, 74 B/9.
Using reference to this topo sheet detonates all features like water bodies, roads
drainages and contours features in the topo sheet contain point poly line, polygon etc...
GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

1
EXPERIMENT -1
AIM:
Procedure for Geo-referencing
PROCEDURE:
Step: 1
Go to start and to programs and to Arc GIS and click on arc map
Step: 2
Go to menu bar, right click on Geo referencing and click on tools
Step: 3
Click on add data (+) on the menu bar and open the map from D drive and add.
Step: 4
Now add control points (+/+) on menu bar and select four corners of the map. One by one
and right click and insert X (latitude) and Y (longitude)
X ref 840.45= 84.75 45/60=0.75
Y ref 19 .30= 19.5
0
Step: 5
Go to Geo referencing and rectify the map and then remove the map by right click.
Step: 6
Again click on add data (+) and open the rectify map.
Step: 7
Go to arc toolbox (Red colour) and click on data management tools and click on projection
and transformations in that select define projection.
Step: 8
Give the input is the rectify map and output (Click on select)
Step: 9
Select Geographic co-ordinate system and select world and select W.G.S 84 and click on ok.
Step: 10
Now remove the image and again open the image from add data and go to arc tool box (Red
colour)
Step: 11
Go to data management tools and projection and transformations. In select Raster and select
project Raster.
Step: 12
Give the input is the rectify map and output (Click on select)
Step: 13
Click on select and select projection co-ordinate system and select UTM folder and click on
the WGS 1984 folder and select WGS84 UTM zone and 44 North or 43 North
83/6= 13+30= 43
84/6= 14+30= 44

2
EXPERIMENT -2
Aim:
Digitising the water bodies to find out area
Software used:
Arc GIS 9.3
Procedure for water bodies:
Step 1:
Click on the Arc map.
Step 2:
Go to arc catalog and create new folder in any drive.
Step 3:
Click on folder then right click and select the new and select the personal Geo data base.
Step 4:
Click on personal Geo data base and right click and select the new and select the feature data
set.
Step 5:
Given the name and click on next and select the projected co-ordinate system and click
import and select the Geo referencing topo sheet data and then click on next and click on
next and click on finish.
Step 6:
Click on feature data set and then right click and select new and select feature class.
Step 7:
Given the shape file name (water bodies) and gives the feature class (polygon or poly line)
and click next.
Step 8:
Write the file name and sheet select the data type and click on finish
Step 9:
Add shape file in the viewer.
Step10:
Go to add data and add the topo sheet.
Step 11:
Go to editor then start editing.
Step 12:
Go to sketch tool.
Step 13:
Using sketch tool, delineate the water bodies features difference to the topo sheet
Step 14:
Go to shape file (water body) then right click, open attribute table, click ok.
Step 15:
Add all attribute values of the water bodies features in the topo sheet.

3
EXPERIMENT -3
Aim:
Digitising the contours to find out area
Software used:
Arc GIS 9.3
Procedure for contours:
Step 1:
Step 2:
Go to arc Catalog and create new folder in any drive.
Step 3:
Step 4:
set.
Step 5:
Step 6:
Step 7:
Given the shape file name (contours) and gives the feature class (polygon or poly line) and
click next.
Step 8:
Step 9:
Step10:
Step 11:
Step 12:
Go to sketch tool.
Step 13:
Using sketch tool, delineate the contours features difference to the topo sheet
Step 14:
Go to shape file (contours) then right click, open attribute table, click ok.
Step 15:
Add all attribute values of the contours features in the topo sheet.

4
EXPERIMENT -4
Aim:
Digitising the Drainage to find out area
Software used:
Arc GIS 9.3
Procedure for Drainage:
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
set.
Step 5:
Step 6:
Step 7:
Given the shape file name (Drainage) and gives the feature class (polygon or poly line) and
click next.
Step 8:
Step 9:
Step10:
Step 11:
Step 12:
Go to sketch tool.
Step 13:
Using sketch tool, delineate the Drainage features difference to the topo sheet
Step 14:
Go to shape file (Drainage) then right click, open attribute table, click ok.
Step 15:
Add all attribute values of the Drainage features in the topo sheet.

5
EXPERIMENT -5
Aim:
Digitising the Roads to find out area
Software used:
Arc GIS 9.3
Procedure for Roads:
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
set.
Step 5:
Step 6:
Step 7:
Given the shape file name (Roads) and gives the feature class (polygon or poly line) and
click next.
Step 8:
Step 9:
Step10:
Step 11:
Step 12:
Go to sketch tool.
Step 13:
Using sketch tool, delineate the Roads features difference to the topo sheet
Step 14:
Go to shape file (Roads) then right click, open attribute table, click ok.
Step 15:
Add all attribute values of the Roads features in the topo sheet.

6
EXPERIMENT -6
Aim:
Creation of digital elevation model for the digitised contours
Software used:
Arc GIS 9.3
Procedure for contours:
Step 1:
Step 2:
Click on the add data open the contours
Step 3:
Click on the 3-D analyst and click on the create/modify TIN and click on the create TIN
From Features and click on contours
Height source =contours No.s
Triangulate = mass point.
And click ok
Step 4:
TIN feature is created
Step 5:
Click on the 3-D analyst and click on the convert and click on the TIN to RASTER
Input TIN= TIN
Attribute = elevation.
And click ok

7
EXPERIMENT-1
ANALYSIS OF BEAMS
AIM:
A SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM OF LENGTH 6M IS SUBJECTED TO UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED
LOAD OF 2 KN/M
-2.000 kN/m
3
6.00m
Y
Z X
Load 2
STAAD EDITOR:
STAAD PLANE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 14-Aug-12
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 6 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2;
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 PRIS YD 0.3 ZD 0.25
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.05e+008
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 76.8195
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL STEEL MEMB 1
SUPPORTS
1 PINNED
2 ENFORCED BUT FX MZ
LOAD 1
MEMBER LOAD

8
1 UNI GY -2 0 6
PERFORM ANALYSIS
PRINT SUPPORT REACTION
PRINT MEMBER FORCES
FINISH
Nodes
X Y Z
Node
(m) (m) (m)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 6.000 0.000 0.000
Beams
Length
Beam Node A Node B Property
(m) (degrees)
1 1 2 6.000 1 0
Materials
E Density
Mat Name
(kN/mm2) (kg/m3) (1/K)
3 STEEL 205.000 0.300 7.83E 3 12E -6
4 ALUMINUM 68.948 0.330 2.71E 3 23E -6
5 CONCRETE 21.718 0.170 2.4E 3 10E -6
Supports
rX rY rZ
X Y Z
Node (kN- (kN- (kN-
(kN/mm) (kN/mm) (kN/mm)
m/deg) m/deg) m/deg)
1 Fixed Fixed Fixed - - -
2 Fixed - - - - Fixed
Beam Loads : 1
Da Ecc.
Beam Type Direction Fa Fb Db
(m) (m)
1 UNI kN/m GY -2.000 0.000 - 6.000 -

9
Beam Maximum Shear Forces
6
0 kN
m
3
Max: 6.000 kN
-6.000 kN
Y
Z X Load 1 Shear Y :
:
Force - kNm
Shear Force Diagram
Distances to maxima are given from beam end A.
Node Length d Max Fz d Max Fy

Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kN) (m) (kN)
1 1 6.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 6.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 6.000 -6.000
Reactions
Horizonta Vertical Horizonta Moment

l
FX FY l
FZ MX MY MZ
Node L/C
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
1 1: 0.000 6.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 1: 0.000 6.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Beam Maximum Moments
0 kNm 0 kNm
6 3
m
Max: -9.000 kNm
Y
Z X Load 1 Bending Z :
:
Moment - kNm
Bending Moment Diagram
Node Length d Max My d Max Mz

Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kNm) (m) (kNm)
1 1 6.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 6.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 3.000 -9.000

10
Beam Displacement Detail
Max: 0.291 mm
Load 1 Displacement
Y
Z X
: Displacement - mm
Displacement Diagram
Displacements shown in italic indicate the presence of an offset
d X Y Z Resultant
Beam L/C
(m) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1: 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.600 -0.000 -0.091 0.000 0.091
1.200 -0.000 -0.171 0.000 0.171
1.800 -0.000 -0.235 0.000 0.235
2.400 0.000 -0.276 0.000 0.276
3.000 -0.000 -0.291 0.000 0.291
3.600 0.000 -0.276 0.000 0.276
4.200 -0.000 -0.235 0.000 0.235
4.800 0.000 -0.171 0.000 0.171
5.400 0.000 -0.091 0.000 0.091
6.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

11
AIM:
A simply Supported beam of length 6m subjected to a uniformly varying load of
maximum valve of 2 kn/m at the middle
-2.000 kN/m
6m
Load 1
Y
Z X
STAAD EDITOR:
STAAD PLANE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 6 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2;
1 PRIS YD 0.3 ZD 0.25
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.05e+008
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 76.8195
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
SUPPORTS
1 PINNED
LOAD 1
MEMBER LOAD
1 LIN Y 0 0 -2
PERFORM ANALYSIS
PRINT MEMBER FORCES
FINISH

12
Nodes
X Y Z
Node
(m) (m) (m)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 6.000 0.000 0.000
Beams
Length
(m) (degrees)
1 1 2 6.000 1 0
Materials
E Density
Mat Name
(kN/mm2) (kg/m3) (1/K)
3 STEEL 205.000 0.300 7.83E 3 12E -6
4 ALUMINUM 68.948 0.330 2.71E 3 23E -6
5 CONCRETE 21.718 0.170 2.4E 3 10E -6
Supports
X Y Z rX rY rZ
Node
(kN/mm) (kN/mm) (kN/mm) (kN-m/deg) (kN-m/deg) (kN-m/deg)
Beam Loads:1
Da Ecc.
(m) (m)
1 TRI kN/m Y -2.000 - - - -
Max: 3.000 kN
6m 3
0 kN
-3.000 kN
Y
Z X Load 1 :
Shear Y :
Force - kNm
Shear Force Diagram

13

Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kN) (m) (kN)
1 1 6.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 6.000 -3.000
Reactions
Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment

FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
Node L/C
1 1: 0.000 3.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 1: 0.000 3.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0 kNm 6m 3 0 kNm
Max: -6.000 kNm

Y
Z X Load 1 : Bending Z :
Moment - kNm

Beam L/C
1 1 6.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 3.000 -6.000
Max: 0.186 mm
Y Displacement
Z X Load 1 :
Displacement - mm

14
d X Y Z Resultant
Beam L/C
(m) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1: 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.600 -0.000 -0.057 0.000 0.057
1.200 -0.000 -0.108 0.000 0.108
1.800 -0.000 -0.149 0.000 0.149
2.400 0.000 -0.176 0.000 0.176
3.000 -0.000 -0.186 0.000 0.186
3.600 0.000 -0.176 0.000 0.176
4.200 -0.000 -0.149 0.000 0.149
4.800 0.000 -0.108 0.000 0.108
5.400 0.000 -0.057 0.000 0.057
6.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
AIM:
15
A simply supported beam of length 6m is subjected to a uniformly varying load of

maximum value 2kn/m at right support
-2.000 kN/m
0 kN/m 3
Y
Z X
Load 1 :
STAAD EDITOR:
STAAD PLANE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 6 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2;
1 PRIS YD 0.3 ZD 0.25
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.05e+008
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 76.8195
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
SUPPORTS
1 PINNED
LOAD 1
MEMBER LOAD
1 LIN Y 0 -2
PERFORM ANALYSIS
PRINT MEMBER FORCES
FINISH
Nodes

16
X Y Z
Node
(m) (m) (m)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 6.000 0.000 0.000
Beams
Length
(m) (degrees)
1 1 2 6.000 1 0
Supports
X Y Z rX rY rZ
Node - - -
(kN/mm) (kN/mm) (kN/mm) (kN m/deg) (kN m/deg) (kN m/deg)
Materials
E Density
Mat Name
(kN/mm2) (kg/m3) (1/K)
3 STEEL 205.000 0.300 7.83E 3 12E -6
4 ALUMINUM 68.948 0.330 2.71E 3 23E -6
5 CONCRETE 21.718 0.170 2.4E 3 10E -6
Beam Loads:1
Da Ecc.
(m) (m)
1 LIN kN/m Y 0.000 - -2.000 - -
2.000 kN
Max: -4.000
kN
0.500 kN 3
Y
Shear Y :
Z X Load 1 :
Force - kNm
Shear force Diagram

17

Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kN) (m) (kN)
1 1 6.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 6.000 -4.000
Reactions

FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
Node L/C
1 1: 0.000 2.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 1: 0.000 4.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0 kNm 6m 30 kNm
-4.500
kNm Max: -4.618 kNm
Y
Z X Load 1 : Bending Z :
Moment - kNm

Beam L/C
1 1 6.000 1: Max ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 3.500 -4.618
6m 3
Max: 0.146 mm
Y
Load 1 :
Displacement
Z X
Displacement - mm

18
d X Y Z Resultant
Beam L/C
(m) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1: 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.600 -0.000 -0.043 0.000 0.043
1.200 -0.000 -0.081 0.000 0.081
1.800 -0.000 -0.113 0.000 0.113
2.400 0.000 -0.135 0.000 0.135
3.000 -0.000 -0.146 0.000 0.146
3.600 0.000 -0.140 0.000 0.140
4.200 -0.000 -0.121 0.000 0.121
4.800 0.000 -0.090 0.000 0.090
5.400 0.000 -0.048 0.000 0.048
6.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

19
EXPERIMENT-2
ANALYSIS OF FRAMES
AIM:
Analysis of the portal frame
-8.000 kN
1m 3m
3m
6.5 m 3
Y
Z X
Load 1
STAAD EDITOR
STAAD PLANE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 2.5 6 0; 3 3.5 6 0; 4 6.5 6 0; 5 6.5 3 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5;
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.05e+008
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 76.8195
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL STEEL MEMB 1 TO 4
MEMBER PROPERTY INDIAN
1 4 PRIS YD 0.2
2 3 PRIS YD 0.2378
SUPPORTS
1 FIXED
LOAD 1 ll

20
JOINT LOAD
3 FY -8
PRINT JOINT COORDINATES ALL
PRINT MEMBER INFORMATION ALL
PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL
PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS
PRINT MEMBER FORCES ALL
PRINT MEMBER STRESSES ALL
PRINT MEMBER SECTION FORCES ALL
PRINT MAXFORCE ENVELOPE LIST 1 TO 4
PRINT FORCE ENVELOPE LIST 1 TO 4
FINISH
Nodes
X Y Z
Node
(m) (m) (m)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 2.500 6.000 0.000
3 3.500 6.000 0.000
4 6.500 6.000 0.000
5 6.500 3.000 0.000
Beams
Length
(m) (degrees)
1 1 2 6.500 1 0
2 2 3 1.000 2 0
3 3 4 3.000 2 0
4 4 5 3.000 1 0
Materials
E Density
Mat Name
(kN/mm2) (kg/m3) (1/K)
3 STEEL 205.000 0.300 7.83E 3 12E -6
4 ALUMINUM 68.948 0.330 2.71E 3 23E -6
5 CONCRETE 21.718 0.170 2.4E 3 10E -6
Supports
X Y Z rX rY rZ
Node - - -
1 Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed

21
Node Loads : 1 LL
FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
Node
3 - -8.000 - - - -
4.643 kN
4.643 kN
0 kN
1.786 kN 1m 3m
-3.357 kN -3.357 kN
3m
6.5 m 0 kN
3
Y Load 1 : Shear Y
Z X
Force - kNm
1.786 kN
Shear Force Diagram

Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kN) (m) (kN)
1 1 6.500 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.786
Max +ve 0.000 0.000
2 2 1.000 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.643
Max +ve 0.000 0.000
3 3 3.000 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 -3.357
4 4 3.000 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000
Reactions

FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
Node L/C
1 1:LL 0.000 4.643 0.000 0.000 0.000 6.176
5 1:LL 0.000 3.357 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

22
-5.430 kNm
1m 3m 0 kNm
-5.430 kNm
-10.072 kNm 3m
6.5 m 0 kNm 3
Y Load 1 :Bending Z
Z X
Moment - kNm
6.176 kNm

Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kN-m) (m) (kN-m)
1 1 6.500 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 6.176
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 6.500 -5.430
2 2 1.000 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 1.000 -10.072
3 3 3.000 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 3.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 -10.072
4 4 3.000 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 3.000 -0.000
Max: 3.050 mm
Max: 3.033 mm
Max: 3.055 mm
Max: 4.477 mm
Y Load 1 : Displacement
Z X
Displacement - mm

23
d X Y Z Resultant
Beam L/C
(m) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1:LL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.650 0.077 -0.033 0.000 0.084
1.300 0.270 -0.113 0.000 0.293
1.950 0.553 -0.232 0.000 0.600
2.600 0.901 -0.377 0.000 0.976
3.250 1.286 -0.538 0.000 1.394
3.900 1.682 -0.703 0.000 1.823
4.550 2.057 -0.860 0.000 2.229
5.200 2.385 -0.998 0.000 2.585
5.850 2.641 -1.105 0.000 2.863
6.500 2.798 -1.170 0.000 3.033
2 1:LL 0.000 2.798 -1.170 0.000 3.033
0.100 2.798 -1.185 0.000 3.038
0.200 2.798 -1.197 0.000 3.043
0.300 2.798 -1.208 0.000 3.048
0.400 2.798 -1.216 0.000 3.051
0.500 2.798 -1.222 0.000 3.053
0.600 2.798 -1.226 0.000 3.055
0.700 2.798 -1.227 0.000 3.055
0.800 2.798 -1.226 0.000 3.055
0.900 2.798 -1.221 0.000 3.053
1.000 2.798 -1.214 0.000 3.050
3 1:LL 0.000 2.798 -1.214 0.000 3.050
0.300 2.798 -1.172 0.000 3.034
0.600 2.798 -1.105 0.000 3.009
0.900 2.798 -1.016 0.000 2.977
1.200 2.798 -0.908 0.000 2.942
1.500 2.798 -0.784 0.000 2.906
1.800 2.798 -0.644 0.000 2.871
2.100 2.798 -0.493 0.000 2.841
2.400 2.798 -0.334 0.000 2.818
2.700 2.798 -0.169 0.000 2.803
3.000 2.798 -0.002 0.000 2.798
4 1:LL 0.000 2.798 -0.002 0.000 2.798
0.300 2.966 -0.001 0.000 2.966
0.600 3.134 -0.001 0.000 3.134
0.900 3.302 -0.001 0.000 3.302
1.200 3.470 -0.001 0.000 3.470
1.500 3.638 -0.001 0.000 3.638
1.800 3.806 -0.000 0.000 3.806
2.100 3.974 -0.000 0.000 3.974
2.400 4.142 -0.000 0.000 4.142
2.700 4.310 -0.000 0.000 4.310
3.000 4.477 0.000 0.000 4.477

24
AIM:
-16.000 KN
-10.000 kN/m
0.5 m 1.5 m
2m
3m
2.000 kN
Y
1m
Z X
Load 1
STAAD EDITOR:
STAAD PLANE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0 1 0; 3 0 4 0; 4 0.5 4 0; 5 2 4 0; 6 2 2 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6;
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.05e+008
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 76.8195
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
1 2 PRIS YD 0.25 ZD 0.3
3 TO 5 PRIS YD 0.3149 ZD 0.3
SUPPORTS
1 6 FIXED
LOAD 1
JOINT LOAD
2 FX 2
4 FY -16
25
MEMBER LOAD
5 UNI GX -10 0 2
PRINT MATERIAL PROPERTIES ALL
PRINT MEMBER PROPERTIES ALL
PRINT JOINT DISPLACEMENTS ALL
PRINT SECTION DISPL LIST 1 TO 5
PRINT SUPPORT REACTION ALL
FINISH
Nodes
X Y Z
Node
(m) (m) (m)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 0.000 1.000 0.000
3 0.000 4.000 0.000
4 0.500 4.000 0.000
5 2.000 4.000 0.000
6 2.000 2.000 0.000
Beams
Length b
(m) (degrees)
1 1 2 1.000 1 0
2 2 3 3.000 1 0
3 3 4 0.500 2 0
4 4 5 1.500 2 0
5 5 6 2.000 2 0
Materials
E Density a
Mat Name n
(kip/in2) (kip/in3) (1/F)
3 STEEL 29.7E 3 0.300 0.000 12E -6
4 STAINLESSSTEEL 28E 3 0.300 0.000 9.9E -6
5 ALUMINUM 10E 3 0.330 0.000 12.8E -6
6 CONCRETE 3.15E 3 0.170 0.000 5.5E -6
Supports
X Y Z rX rY rZ
Node
(kip/in) (kip/in) (kip/in) (kip-ft/deg) (kip-ft/deg) (kip-ft/deg)
26
Node Loads : 1
FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
Node
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
2 2.000 - - - - -
4 - -16.000 - - - -
Beam Loads : 1
Da Ecc.
(m) (m)
5 UNI kN/m GX -10.000 0.000 - 2.000 -
Beam Maximum Shear Force

Max: 15.162 kN
1.604 kN
-1.604 kN Max: -0.838 kN
-0.838 kN
Max: -18.396 kN
Max: -1.604 kN
0.396 kN
Y Load 1 : Shear Y
Z X
Force - kNm
Max: 0.396 kN
Shear Force Diagram

Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kN) (m) (kN)
1 1 1.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.396
Max +ve 0.000 0.000
2 2 3.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.604
3 3 0.500 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.162
Max +ve 0.000 0.000
4 4 1.500 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.838
5 5 2.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.604
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 2.000 -18.396

27
Reactions

l
FX FY l
FZ MX MY MZ
Node L/C
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
1 1: -0.396 15.162 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.207
6 1: 18.396 0.838 0.000 0.000 0.000 -13.677
3.210 kNm -3.115 kNm

Max: 3.210 kNm
-3.115 kNm
Max: -4.371 kNm
Max: 13.677 kNm
Max: -1.603 kNm
Y Load 1 : Bending Z
Z X
Moment - kNm
-1.207 kNm

Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kN-m) (m) (kN-m)
1 1 1.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 1.000 -1.603
2 2 3.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 3.000 3.210
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.603
3 3 0.500 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.210
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.500 -4.371
4 4 1.500 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 -4.371
5 5 2.000 1: Max -ve 0.000 0.000 2.000 13.677
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.167 -3.243

28
Max: 0.063 mm Max: 0.062 mm

Max: 0.063 mm
Max: 0.064 mm
Max: 0.008 mm
Y Load 1 : Displacement
Z X
Displacement - mm

d X Y Z Resultant
Beam L/C
(m) (in) (in) (in) (in)
1 1: 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.100 0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
0.200 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
0.300 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
0.400 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
0.500 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
0.600 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
0.700 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
0.800 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
0.900 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
1.000 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
2 1: 0.000 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
0.300 -0.001 -0.000 0.000 0.001
0.600 -0.001 -0.000 0.000 0.001
0.900 -0.001 -0.000 0.000 0.001
1.200 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
1.500 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
1.800 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
2.100 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
2.400 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
2.700 -0.003 -0.000 0.000 0.003
3.000 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
3 1: 0.000 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
0.050 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
0.100 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
0.150 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
0.200 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
0.250 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
0.300 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
29
0.350 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002

0.400 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
0.450 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
0.500 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
4 1: 0.000 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
0.150 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.002
0.300 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.002
0.450 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.002
0.600 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.002
0.750 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.002
0.900 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
1.050 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
1.200 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
1.350 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
1.500 -0.002 0.000 0.000 0.002
5 1: 0.000 -0.002 0.000 0.000 0.002
0.200 -0.002 0.000 0.000 0.002
0.400 -0.002 0.000 0.000 0.002
0.600 -0.002 -0.000 0.000 0.002
0.800 -0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001
1.000 -0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001
1.200 -0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001
1.400 -0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.600 -0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.800 -0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

30
AIM:
-2.000 kN/m
-2.000 kN/m
4m
2m
3m
16.000 kN
2m
Y
Z X
Load 1
STAAD EDITOR:
STAAD PLANE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0 2 0; 3 0 4 0; 4 4 4 0; 5 4 1 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5;
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.05e+008
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 76.8195
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
3 4 PRIS YD 0.2
1 2 PRIS YD 0.2378
SUPPORTS
1 FIXED
5 PINNED

31
LOAD 1 LIVE
JOINT LOAD
2 FX 16
MEMBER LOAD
3 UNI GY -2 0 4
4 UNI GX -2 0 3
PRINT SECTION DISPL LIST 1 TO 4
FINISH
Nodes
X Y Z
Node
(m) (m) (m)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 0.000 2.000 0.000
3 0.000 4.000 0.000
4 4.000 4.000 0.000
5 4.000 1.000 0.000
Beams
Length b
(m) (degrees)
1 1 2 2.000 2 0
2 2 3 2.000 2 0
3 3 4 4.000 1 0
4 4 5 3.000 1 0
Materials
E Density a
Mat Name n
(kN/mm2) (kg/m3) (1/K)
3 STEEL 205.000 0.300 7.83E 3 12E -6
4 ALUMINUM 68.948 0.330 2.71E 3 23E -6
5 CONCRETE 21.718 0.170 2.4E 3 10E -6
Supports
X Y Z rX rY rZ
Node

32
Node Loads : 1 LIVE
FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
Node
2 16.000 - - - - -
Beam Loads : 1 LIVE
Directio Da Ecc.
Beam Type Fa Fb Db
n (m) (m)
3 UNI kN/m GY -2.000 0.000 - 4.000 -
4 UNI kN/m GX -2.000 0.000 - 3.000 -
3.217 kN
-4.473 kN -0.783 kN Max: 4.473 kN
Max: -4.783 kN
-4.473 kN
1.473 kN
11.527 kN
Max: -4.473 kN
11.527 kN -1.527 kN
Y Load 1 : Shear Y
Z X
Force - kNm
Max: 11.527 kN
Shear Force Diagram
Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kN) (m) (kN)
1 1 2.000 1:LIVE Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 11.527
Max +ve 0.000 0.000
2 2 2.000 1:LIVE Max -ve 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 -4.473
3 3 4.000 1:LIVE Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.217
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 4.000 -4.783
4 4 3.000 1:LIVE Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.473
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 3.000 -1.527
Reactions

FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
Node L/C
1 1:LIVE -11.527 3.217 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.396
5 1:LIVE 1.527 4.783 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

33
1.286 kNm Max: 4.418 kNm

1.286 kNm -1.148 kNm Max: 4.418 kNm
-3.186 kNm
-0.041 kNm
Max: -7.659 kNm
3.868 kNm
0 kNm
Y Load 1 : Bending Z
Z X
Moment - kNm
Max: 15.396 kNm

Beam L/C
1 1 2.000 1:LIVE Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.396
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 2.000 -7.659
2 2 2.000 1:LIVE Max -ve 0.000 0.000 2.000 1.286
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 -7.659
3 3 4.000 1:LIVE Max -ve 0.000 0.000 4.000 4.418
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 1.667 -1.298
4 4 3.000 1:LIVE Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.418
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 2.250 -0.583

Max: 0.674 Max: 0.676 Max: 0.671
mm mm mm
Max: 0.487
mm
Y Load Displacem
Z X 1 : Displacement
ent -
mm
34
d X Y Z Resultant
Beam L/C
(m) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1:LIVE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.200 0.011 -0.000 0.000 0.011
0.400 0.037 -0.000 0.000 0.037
0.600 0.076 -0.000 0.000 0.076
0.800 0.126 -0.000 0.000 0.126
1.000 0.183 -0.000 0.000 0.183
1.200 0.246 -0.000 0.000 0.246
1.400 0.310 -0.000 0.000 0.310
1.600 0.373 -0.001 0.000 0.373
1.800 0.433 -0.001 0.000 0.433
2.000 0.487 -0.001 0.000 0.487
2 1:LIVE 0.000 0.487 -0.001 0.000 0.487
0.200 0.529 -0.001 0.000 0.529
0.400 0.564 -0.001 0.000 0.564
0.600 0.592 -0.001 0.000 0.592
0.800 0.613 -0.001 0.000 0.613
1.000 0.630 -0.001 0.000 0.630
1.200 0.642 -0.001 0.000 0.642
1.400 0.651 -0.001 0.000 0.651
1.600 0.659 -0.001 0.000 0.659
1.800 0.666 -0.001 0.000 0.666
2.000 0.674 -0.002 0.000 0.674
3 1:LIVE 0.000 0.674 -0.002 0.000 0.674
0.400 0.674 -0.022 0.000 0.674
0.800 0.673 -0.044 0.000 0.675
1.200 0.673 -0.060 0.000 0.676
1.600 0.673 -0.065 0.000 0.676
2.000 0.673 -0.059 0.000 0.675
2.400 0.672 -0.041 0.000 0.674
2.800 0.672 -0.018 0.000 0.672
3.200 0.672 0.004 0.000 0.672
3.600 0.671 0.014 0.000 0.672
4.000 0.671 -0.002 0.000 0.671
4 1:LIVE 0.000 0.671 -0.002 0.000 0.671
0.300 0.633 -0.002 0.000 0.633
0.600 0.577 -0.002 0.000 0.577
0.900 0.510 -0.002 0.000 0.510
1.200 0.437 -0.001 0.000 0.437
1.500 0.360 -0.001 0.000 0.360
1.800 0.283 -0.001 0.000 0.283
2.100 0.208 -0.001 0.000 0.208
2.400 0.136 -0.001 0.000 0.136
2.700 0.067 -0.000 0.000 0.067
3.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

35
AIM:
STAAD EDITOR
STAAD PLANE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 1 0; 2 0 2 0; 3 0 3 0; 4 2.5 3 0; 5 5.5 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5;
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.05e+008
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 76.8195
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
1 TO 4 PRIS YD 0.2
SUPPORTS
1 5 FIXED
LOAD 1 ll
JOINT LOAD
2 FX 16
MEMBER LOAD
3 UNI GY -12 0 2.5
36

FINISH
Nodes
X Y Z
Node
(m) (m) (m)
1 0.000 1.000 0.000
2 0.000 2.000 0.000
3 0.000 3.000 0.000
4 2.500 3.000 0.000
5 5.500 0.000 0.000
Beams
Length
(m) (degrees)
1 1 2 1.000 1 0
2 2 3 1.000 1 0
3 3 4 2.500 1 0
4 4 5 4.243 1 0
Materials
E Density
Mat Name
(kN/mm2) (kg/m3) (1/K)
3 STEEL 205.000 0.300 7.83E 3 12E -6
4 ALUMINUM 68.948 0.330 2.71E 3 23E -6
5 CONCRETE 21.718 0.170 2.4E 3 10E -6
Supports
X Y Z rX rY rZ
Node - - -
Node Loads : 1 LL
FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
Node
2 16.000 - - - - -

37
Beam Loads : 1 LL
Da Ecc.
(m) (m)
3 UNI kN/m GY -12.000 0.000 - 2.500 -
Max: 18.061 kN
Max: 0.275 kN
-12.327 kN
-11.939 kN
3.673 kN
Max: -12.327 kN
Max: 3.673 kN Shear Y :

Y Load 1 :
Z X
Force - kNm
0.275 kN Shear Force

Diagram

Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kN) (m) (kN)
1 1 1.000 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.673
Max +ve 0.000 0.000
2 2 1.000 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 -12.327
3 3 2.500 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 18.061
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 2.500 -11.939
4 4 4.243 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.275
Max +ve 0.000 0.000
Reactions

l
FX FY l
FZ MX MY MZ
Node L/C
1 1:LL -3.673 18.061 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.129
5 1:LL -12.327 11.939 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.035

38
Max: 8.783 kNm

1.130 kNm
Max: 8.783 kNm Max: 1.130 kNm
-3.544 kNm
Max: -3.544 kNm
0.129 kNm
Y Load 1 :Bending Z
Z X
Moment - kNm
-0.035 kNm

Beam L/C
A (m) (m) (kN-m) (m) (kN-m)
1 1 1.000 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.129
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 1.000 -3.544
2 2 1.000 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 1.000 8.783
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 -3.544
3 3 2.500 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 8.783
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 1.458 -4.796
4 4 4.243 1:LL Max -ve 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.130
Max +ve 0.000 0.000 4.243 -0.035
Max: 0.197 mm
Max: 0.129 mm Max: 0.266 mm
Max: 0.032 mm
Y Load 1 Displacement
:
Z X
Displacement - mm

39
d X Y Z Resultant
Beam L/C
(m) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1:LL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.100 0.000 -0.000 0.000 0.000
0.200 0.000 -0.001 0.000 0.001
0.300 -0.000 -0.001 0.000 0.001
0.400 -0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.002
0.500 -0.003 -0.001 0.000 0.003
0.600 -0.006 -0.002 0.000 0.006
0.700 -0.010 -0.002 0.000 0.010
0.800 -0.016 -0.002 0.000 0.016
0.900 -0.023 -0.002 0.000 0.023
1.000 -0.032 -0.003 0.000 0.032
2 1:LL 0.000 -0.032 -0.003 0.000 0.032
0.100 -0.045 -0.003 0.000 0.045
0.200 -0.058 -0.003 0.000 0.058
0.300 -0.072 -0.004 0.000 0.072
0.400 -0.086 -0.004 0.000 0.086
0.500 -0.100 -0.004 0.000 0.100
0.600 -0.111 -0.004 0.000 0.111
0.700 -0.120 -0.005 0.000 0.120
0.800 -0.126 -0.005 0.000 0.127
0.900 -0.129 -0.005 0.000 0.129
1.000 -0.126 -0.006 0.000 0.127
3 1:LL 0.000 -0.126 -0.006 0.000 0.127
0.250 -0.127 -0.035 0.000 0.132
0.500 -0.127 -0.080 0.000 0.151
0.750 -0.128 -0.131 0.000 0.183
1.000 -0.128 -0.178 0.000 0.219
1.250 -0.129 -0.213 0.000 0.249
1.500 -0.129 -0.230 0.000 0.263
1.750 -0.130 -0.229 0.000 0.263
2.000 -0.130 -0.211 0.000 0.248
2.250 -0.131 -0.182 0.000 0.224
2.500 -0.131 -0.147 0.000 0.197
4 1:LL 0.000 -0.131 -0.147 0.000 0.197
0.424 -0.093 -0.108 0.000 0.143
0.849 -0.064 -0.076 0.000 0.099
1.273 -0.041 -0.052 0.000 0.066
1.697 -0.023 -0.033 0.000 0.041
2.121 -0.012 -0.020 0.000 0.023
2.546 -0.004 -0.011 0.000 0.012
2.970 -0.001 -0.005 0.000 0.005
3.394 0.001 -0.002 0.000 0.003
3.818 0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.001
4.243 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

40
EXPERIMENT 3
ANALYSIS OF TRUSS
Design a roof truss of span 9.3m at spacing of 4m for an industrial shed. The height of eaves is 6.5m and it is
situated in Delhi. Roof truss is supported on 40mm thick brick masonry. Use Pratt truss. (As shown in below
figures)
-1.864 kN
-1.864 kN -1.864 kN
-1.864 kN 1.79 m 1.79 m -1.864 kN
1.79 m 3.1 m 3.1 m 1.79 m

2.37 m 1.79 m 1.79 m 2.37 m
-0.932 kN -0.932 kN
1.79 m 0.895 m 0.895 m1.79 m
1.55 m 1.55 m 1.55 m 1.55 m 1.55 m 1.55 m 3
Load 1: DEAD LOAD
-1.655 kN
-1.655 kN -1.655 kN
-1.655 kN 3 12 -1.655 kN
9 16 17 11
14 15 18 19
-0.821 kN -0.821 kN
10 13 20 2
1 4 5 6 7 8 3
Y
ZX Load 2: LIVE LOAD
1.862 kN -1.862 kN
6.452 kN
-3.675 kN
3.675 kN
-3.675 kN 3.675 kN
6.365 kN 6.365 kN
-1.862 kN 1.862
3 kN
6.365 kN 6.365 kN
Y 3.226 kN 3.226 kN
ZX Load 3: WIND LOAD

41
-1.655 kN
-1.864 kN
-1.655 kN -1.655 kN
-1.864 kN -1.864 kN
-1.655 kN -1.655 kN
-1.864 kN -1.864 kN
-0.821 kN -0.821 kN
-0.932 kN -0.932 kN
3
Y
Z X Load 4: ( DL+LL)
-1.864 kN
1.862 kN -1.862 kN
-1.864 kN 6.452 kN -1.864 kN

-1.864 kN -3.675 kN 3.675 kN
-1.864 kN
-3.675 kN 3.675 kN -0.932 kN
-0.932 kN
6.365 kN 6.365 kN
-1.862 kN 1.862
3 kN
6.365 kN 6.365 kN
3.226 kN 3.226 kN
Y
Z X
Load 5: (DL+WL)*0.67
STAAD TRUSS
ENGINEER DATE 09-Oct-12
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 9.3 0 0; 3 4.65 2.685 0; 4 1.55 0 0; 5 3.1 0 0; 6 4.65 0 0;
7 6.2 0 0; 8 7.75 0 0; 9 3.1 1.79 0; 10 1.55 0.895 0; 11 7.75 0.895 0;
12 6.2 1.79 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 4; 2 2 11; 3 3 9; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 2; 9 9 10; 10 10 1;
11 11 12; 12 12 3; 13 10 4; 14 4 9; 15 9 5; 16 5 3; 17 3 7; 18 7 12; 19 12 8;
20 8 11;
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.05e+008
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 76.8195
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
42
1 TO 20 TABLE ST TUB25252.6
SUPPORTS
1 PINNED
2 FIXED BUT FX MZ
LOAD 1 DL
JOINT LOAD
1 2 FY -0.932
3 9 TO 12 FY -1.864
LOAD 2 LL
JOINT LOAD
3 9 TO 12 FY -1.655
1 2 FY -0.8206
LOAD 3 WL
JOINT LOAD
1 3 FX -1.8625 FY 3.226
2 3 FX 1.8625 FY 3.226
9 10 FX -3.675 FY 6.365
11 12 FX 3.675 FY 6.365
LOAD COMB 4 DL+LL
1 1.0 2 1.0
LOAD COMB SRSS 5 DL+WL
1 1.0 3 1.0 0.67
PERFORM ANALYSIS
PARAMETER
CODE INDIAN
FYLD 217500 MEMB 1 TO 20
TRACK 2 MEMB 1 TO 20
SELECT OPTIMIZED
PRINT ALL
FINISH
Nodes
X Y Z
Node
(m) (m) (m)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 9.300 0.000 0.000
3 4.650 2.685 0.000
4 1.550 0.000 0.000
5 3.100 0.000 0.000
6 4.650 0.000 0.000
7 6.200 0.000 0.000
8 7.750 0.000 0.000
9 3.100 1.790 0.000
10 1.550 0.895 0.000
11 7.750 0.895 0.000
12 6.200 1.790 0.000

43
Beams
Length Propert
Beam Node A Node B
(m) y (degrees)
1 1 4 1.550 1 0
2 2 11 1.790 1 0
3 3 9 1.790 1 0
4 4 5 1.550 1 0
5 5 6 1.550 1 0
6 6 7 1.550 1 0
7 7 8 1.550 1 0
8 8 2 1.550 1 0
9 9 10 1.790 1 0
10 10 1 1.790 1 0
11 11 12 1.790 1 0
12 12 3 1.790 1 0
13 10 4 0.895 1 0
14 4 9 2.368 1 0
15 9 5 1.790 1 0
16 5 3 3.100 1 0
17 3 7 3.100 1 0
18 7 12 1.790 1 0
19 12 8 2.368 1 0
20 8 11 0.895 1 0
Section Properties
Area Iyy Izz J

Prop Section Material
(cm2) (cm4) (cm4) (cm4)
1 TUB25252.6 2.160 1.720 1.720 2.922 STEEL
2 TUB40402.6 3.720 8.450 8.450 13.602 STEEL
3 TUB35352.6 3.200 5.430 5.430 8.843 STEEL
4 TUB30302.6 2.680 3.230 3.230 5.348 STEEL
5 TUB45452.6 4.240 12.470 12.470 19.819 STEEL
6 TUB38382.6 3.510 7.140 7.140 11.534 STEEL
7 TUB48482.9 5.020 16.620 16.620 26.603 STEEL
Materials
E Density
Mat Name
(kN/mm2) (kg/m3) (1/K)
3 STEEL 205.000 0.300 7.83E 3 12E -6
4 ALUMINUM 68.948 0.330 2.71E 3 23E -6
5 CONCRETE 21.718 0.170 2.4E 3 10E -6
Supports
X Y Z rX rY rZ
Node
2 - Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed -

44
Basic Load Cases
Number Name
1 DL
2 LL
3 WL
Combination Load Cases
Comb. Combination L/C Name Primary Primary L/C Name Factor

4 DL+LL 1 DL 1.00
2 LL 1.00
5 DL+WL 1 DL 1.00
3 WL 1.00
Beam Maximum Axial Forces
Beam L/C Fx Kn
1 4 DL+LL Max +ve N/A
Max -ve -15.236
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 18.093
Max -ve -18.093
Max -ve -12.189
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 13.079
Max -ve -13.079
Max -ve -9.142
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 8.097
Max -ve -8.097
Max -ve -9.142
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 8.097
Max -ve -8.097
Max -ve -12.189
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 13.079
Max -ve -13.079
Max -ve -15.236
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 18.093
Max -ve -18.093
7 4 DL+LL Max +ve 17.593
Max -ve N/A
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 22.272
Max -ve -22.272
8 4 DL+LL Max +ve 14.075
Max -ve N/A
45
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 21.956

Max -ve -21.956
9 4 DL+LL Max +ve 17.593
Max -ve N/A
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 25.014
Max -ve -25.014
10 4 DL+LL Max +ve 14.075
Max -ve N/A

5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 21.956
Max -ve -21.956
11 Max -ve N/A
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 25.014
Max -ve -25.014
12 4 DL+LL Max +ve 17.593
Max -ve N/A
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 22.272
Max -ve -22.272
Max -ve -6.095
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 10.083
Max -ve -10.083
14 4 DL+LL Max +ve 5.278
Max -ve N/A
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 8.733
Max -ve -8.733
Max -ve -4.655
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 7.701
Max -ve -7.701
16 4 DL+LL Max +ve 3.519
Max -ve N/A
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 5.822
Max -ve -5.822
Max -ve -6.095
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 10.083
Max -ve -10.083
18 4 DL+LL Max +ve 5.279
Max -ve N/A
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 8.733
Max -ve -8.733
Max -ve -4.655
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 7.701
Max -ve -7.701
20 4 DL+LL Max +ve 3.519
Max -ve N/A
46
5 (DL+WL) Max +ve 5.822

Max -ve -5.822
Steel Design (Track 2) Beam 9 Select 1
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Y PROPERTIES |
|************* | IN CM UNIT |
| * |=============================| |=====| ------------ |
|MEMBER 9 * | | | | AX = 4.2 |
| * | ST TUB45452.6 | | |--Z AY = 2.3 |
|DESIGN CODE * | | | | AZ = 2.3 |
| IS-800 * =============================== |=====| SY = 5.5 |
| * SZ = 5.5 |
| * |<---LENGTH (ME= 1.79 --->| RY = 1.7 |
|************* RZ = 1.7 |
| |
| 0.0( KN-METR) |
|PARAMETER |L0 L0 STRESSES |
|IN NEWT MM |L0 L0 IN NEWT MM|
|--------------- +L0 L0 -------------|
| KL/R-Y= 104.4 |L0 L0 FA = 72.2 |
| KL/R-Z= 104.4 +L0 L0 fa = 58.6 |
| UNL = 1789.8 |L0 L0 FCZ = 0.0 |
| C = 180.0 +L0 L0 FTZ = 0.0 |
| CMY = 0.85 |L0 L0 FCY = 0.0 |
| CMZ = 0.85 +L0 L0 FTY = 0.0 |
| FYLD = 217.5 |L0 L0 fbz = 0.0 |
| NSF = 1.0 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---| fby = 0.0 |
| DFF = 0.0 0.0 FV = 0.0 |
| dff = 0.0 ABSOLUTE MZ ENVELOPE |
| (WITH LOAD NO.) |
| |
| MAX FORCE/ MOMENT SUMMARY ( KN-METR) |
| ------------------------- |
| |
| AXIAL SHEAR-Y SHEAR-Z MOMENT-Y MOMENT-Z |
| |
| VALUE -36.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 |
| LOCATION 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 |
| LOADING 3 0 0 0 0 |
| |
|**************************************************************************|
|* *|
|* DESIGN SUMMARY ( KN-METR) *|
|* -------------- *|
|* *|
|* RESULT/ CRITICAL COND/ RATIO/ LOADING/ *|
| FX MY MZ LOCATION |
| ====================================================== |
| PASS COMPRESSION 0.812 5 |
| 24.85 C 0.0 0.0 0.00 |
|* *|

47
EXPERIMENT 4
ANALYSIS OF RETAINING WALL

Input Pages Report
Options Data
Item Value Unit

Stem Profile Uniform thickness
Control Size based on User Input
F.S.Overturning 2
F.S.Sliding 1.5
Water Table Not Considered
Passive Pressure No
Vert Comp.of active earth pressure Don't Use
Geometry Data
Item Value Unit
Wall Height 4.5 m
Base Width 3.5 m
Base Thickness. 0.3 m
Stem Thk. 0.3 m
Toe slab to Base width ratio 0.228
Stem Bottom Thickness. 0.3 m
Water Table Height 1 m
Unit Weight of Water 0 kg/m3

48
Soil Condition
Item Value Unit
Angle of internal friction 30
Unit Weight.of soil 1800 kg/m3
Gross Bearing.Capacity 150 kN/m2
Friction Coefficient 0.5
Depth of Soil (Passive) 2.5 M
Unit Wt.of soil(Passive) 1800 kg/m3
Angle of internal 30
friction(Passive)
Factor of Safety(Passive) 0.5
Surcharge Pressure
Item Value Unit
Surcharge Pressure 10 kN/m2
Surcharge Angle 0
Whether Shear Key provided No
Shear Key Depth 0.3 m
Shear Key Width 0.3 m
FOS for PP in S.Key 0.5
Calculation
Coeff. of friction btwn. soil & 0.4
soil
Material Properties
Item Value Unit

Fc M20
Fy Fe 415
Unit Weight of Concrete 24.544 kN/m3
Reinforcement Detailss
Item Value Unit

Clear Cover 0.05 m
Min. % of Reinforcement 0.12
Load Factor 1.5
Dia of Main Reinf(Heel) 16
Dia of Main Reinf(Toe) 16
Dia of Main Reinf(Stem) 16
Dia of Distb Reinf(Heel) 12
Dia of Distb Reinf(Toe) 12
Dia of Distb Reinf(Stem) 12
Min. Allowable Spacing 0.05 m
Max. Allowable Spacing 0.25 m
Shear Consideration Increase Steel %
Main Steel % (Heel) 0
Main Steel % (Toe) 0
Main Steel % (Stem) 0

49
Calculation Sheet Report
DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Design Parameters
Height of Retaining wall (H) = 4500.000 mm

Thickness of base (Tb) = 300.000 mm
Thickness of stem at top (Tst) = 300.000 mm
Unit weight of concrete (gc) = 24.466 kN/cubic m
Unit weight of soil on Heel slab (gs) = 17.615 kN/cubic m
Angle of internal friction for soil on heel (fa) = 30.0 0
Surcharge Pressure (Ps) = 0.010 N/sq.m
Coeff of friction between soil and base slab ( m ) = 0.500
Characteristic strength of concrete (fck) = 20 N/sq.mm
Characteristic strength of steel (fy) = 415 N/sq.mm
Load Factor (k) = 1.500
Clear Cover to main reinforcement (Cc) = 50.000 mm
Minimum percentage of reinforcement (Ptmin) = 0.120 %
Dia of main reinforcement in heel slab ( f1 ) = 16.000 mm
Dia of main reinforcement in Toe slab ( f2 ) = 16.000 mm
Dia of main reinforcement in stem ( f3 ) = 16.000 mm
Dia of Distribution Reinf in Heel slab ( fd1 ) = 12.000 mm
Dia of Distribution Reinf in Toe slab ( fd2 ) = 12.000 mm
Dia of Distribution Reinf in Stem ( fd3 ) = 12.000 mm
Minimum allowable spacing (Smin) = 50.000 m
Maximum allowable spacing (Smax) = 250.000 m
Stability check
Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure (Ka) = 0.333

Ratio of Toe slab width to Base width ( a ) = 0.228
Base width of Retaining wall (B) = 3500.000 mm
Thickness of stem at bottom(Tsb) = 300.000 mm
Width of Toe slab (Bt) = a x B = 800.000 mm
Width of Heel slab (Bh) = B - Bt - Tsb = 2400.000 mm
Total Active Earth Force on Retaining wall = 59.451 N
Total Lateral Force due to Surcharge = 15.000 N
Net moment due to horizontal component of earth pressure (Mh) = -122925.826 N mm
Net moment due to vertical component of earth pressure (Mv) = 0.000 N mm

50
Total Weight (W) = 258.074 N

Total Moment about Toe (M) = 414899.812 N mm
Overturning Moment (Mo) = 122925.826 N mm
Restoring Moment (Mr) = 537825.638 N mm
eccentricity from toe end (Xa) = 1607.677 mm
eccentricity from centre (e) = B/2 - Xa = 142.323 mm
e < = B/6 So Tension doesn't occur. Hence OK
Factor of safety against overturning (Fso) = Mr/Mo = 4.375
Fso > = FSOvt So safe against overturning
Factor of safety against sliding (Fss) = 1.733
Fss > Fsslide So safe against sliding
Pressure Distribution
Maximum Bearing Pressure (Pmax) = 91.726 kN/sq.m

Minimum Bearing Pressure (Pmin)= 55.745 kN/sq.m
Pmax < Bearing capacity of soil So OK
Design of heel slab
Moment about face of stem (Mhc) = 78776.811 N mm

Shear at face of stem (Vhc) = 55.778 N
Factored Moment (Mhcu) = K x Mhc = 118165.216 N mm
Factored shear (Vhcu) = K x Vhc = 83.668 N
Effective depth of Heel slab (dH) = Tb - Cc - f 1 /2 = 242.000 mm
Limiting moment(Mu,lim) = 161593.912 N mm
Mu,lim > Mhcu So a single reinforced section would suffice. Hence OK.
Area of steel required in Heel (Ast1) = 1561.463 sq.mm
C/S area of main steel bar (A f 1 ) p x f 1 2 /4.0 = 201.143 sq.mm
Spacing of main reinf required (S1 required) = b x A f 1 /Ast1 = 128.817 mm
Spacing of main reinf provided (S1 provided) minimum (3 x dH ,450,Smax,S1required)= 125.000 mm
Area of steel provided in Heel(Ast1_prov) = b x A f 1 /S1 = 1609.143 sq.mm
Percentage of steel provided (Pth) = 100 x Ast1_prov/(b x dH) = 0.665 %
Distribution steel area in Heel (Astd1) = Ptmin x b x dH/100 = 0.290 sq.mm
C/S area of distribution steel bar (A f d1 ) = p x f d1 2 /4.0 = 113.143 mm
Spacing of distribution steel required (Sd1 required) = b x A f d1 /Astd1 = 389.610 mm
Spacing of distribution steel provided (Sd1 provided) minimum (450,5 x dH,Sd1required) = 300.000 mm
Developed shear stress ( t hc,dev ) = Vhcu/(b x dH) = 0.346 N/sq.mm
Maximum allowable Shear stress ( t c,max ) = 2.800 N/sq.mm
t hc,dev < t c,max So the section provided is OK.

51
Shear strength (t c1 ) = 0.535 N/sq.mm

Developed Shear stress ( t hc,dev ) is less than allowable Shear stress ( t c,1 ) Hence OK
Design of toe slab
Moment about face of stem (Mtc) = 26126.248 N mm

Shear at face of stem (Vtc) = 64.219 N
Factored Moment (Mtcu) = k x Mtc = 39189.372 N mm
Factored Shear (Vtcu) = k x Vtc = 96.329 N
Effective depth of toe slab (dT) = Tb - Cc - f 2 /2 = 242.000 mm
Limiting moment (Mu,lim) = 161593.912 N mm
Mu,lim > Mtcu So a singly reinforced section would suffice. Hence OK.
Area of steel required in Toe (Ast2) = 467.243 sq.mm
C/S area of main steel bar (A f 2 ) = p x f 2 2 /4.0 = 201.143 sq.mm
Spacing of main reinf provided (S2 provided) minimum(3 x dT ,450,Smax,S2required)= 250.000 mm
Area of steel provided in Toe (Ast2_prov) = b x A f 2 /S2 = 804.571 sq.mm
Percentage of steel provided (Ptt) = 100 x Ast2_prov/(b x dT) = 0.332 %
Distribution steel area in Toe (Astd2) = Ptmin x b x dT/100 = 0.290 sq.mm
C/S area of distribution steel bar (A f d2 ) p x f d2 2 /4.0 = 113.143 sq.mm
Spacing of distribution steel provided (Sd2 provided) minimum(5 x dT,450,Sd2required) = 300.000 mm
Developed shear stress ( t tc,dev ) = Vtcu/(b x dT) = 0.398 N/sq.mm
t tc,dev < t c,max So the section provided is OK.
Shear strength ( t c2 ) = 0.405 N/sq.mm
Developed Shear stress ( t tc,dev ) is less than allowable Shear stress ( t c,2 ) Hence OK.
Design of stem
Moment about base of stem (Msc) = 101903.251 N mm

Shear at stem base (Vsc) = 65.788 N
Factored moment (Mscu) = k x Msc = 152854.877 N mm
Factored Shear (Vscu) = k x Vsc = 98.682 N
Effective depth of stem (ds) = Tsb - Cc - f 3 /2 = 242.000 mm
Limiting moment (Mu,lim) = 161593.912 N mm
Mu,lim > Mscu So a single reinforced sectionwould suffice. Hence OK.
Area of main steel required in stem (Ast3) = 2143.323 sq.mm
C/S area of main steel bar (A f 3 ) p x f 3 2 /4.0 = 201.143 mm
Spacing of main reinf provided (S3 provided) minimum(3 x dS,450,Smax,S3required) = 90.000 mm
52
Area of steel provided in stem (Ast3_prov) = b x A f 3 /S3 = 2234.921 sq.mm

Percentage of steel provided (Pts) = 100 x Ast3_prov/(b x ds) = 0.924 %
Distribution steel area in stem (Astd3) = Ptmin x b x ds/100 = 0.290 sq.mm
C/S area of distribution steel bar (A f d3 ) p x f d3 2 /4.0 = 113.143 sq.mm
Spacing of distribution steel provided (Sd3 provided) minimum(5 x ds,450,Sd3required) = 300.000 mm
Developed shear stress ( t sc,dev ) = Vscu/(b x ds) = 0.408 N/sq.mm
t sc,dev < t c,max So the section provided is OK.
Shear strength ( t c3 ) = 0.605 N/sq.mm
Developed Shear stress ( t sc,dev ) is less than allowable Shear stress ( t c,3 ) Hence OK.
Calculation of Concrete Quantity
Quantity of concrete per metre length = 2.310 m3

53

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SRI SIVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Beam Maximum Shear Forces

Distances to maxima are given from beam end A.

Node Length d Max Fz d Max Fy

Horizonta Vertical Horizonta Moment

Beam Maximum Moments

Max: -9.000 kNm

Bending Moment Diagram

Distances to maxima are given from beam end A.

Node Length d Max My d Max Mz

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Beam Displacement Detail

Displacements shown in italic indicate the presence of an offset

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Beam Maximum Shear Forces

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Distances to maxima are given from beam end A.

Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment

Beam Maximum Moments

Max: -6.000 kNm

Bending Moment Diagram

Distances to maxima are given from beam end A.

Node Length d Max My d Max Mz

Beam Displacement Detail

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Displacements shown in italic indicate the presence of an offset

A simply supported beam of length 6m is subjected to a uniformly varying load of

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Beam Maximum Shear Forces

Shear force Diagram

Distances to maxima are given from beam end A.

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Node Length d Max Fz d Max Fy

Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment

Beam Maximum Moments

Bending Moment Diagram

Distances to maxima are given from beam end A.

Node Length d Max My d Max Mz

Beam Displacement Detail

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Displacements shown in italic indicate the presence of an offset

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Beam Maximum Shear Forces

Shear Force Diagram

Distances to maxima are given from beam end A.

Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Beam Maximum Moments

Distances to maxima are given from beam end A.

Beam Displacement Detail

GIS AND CAD LAB DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Displacements shown in italic indicate the presence of an offset

Gis&Cad Lab Manual

Gis&Cad Lab Manual