ULTRASONIC MOTOR

By admin, on October 14th, 2010

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Abstract:

An ultrasonic motor is a type of electric motor formed from the ultrasonic

vibration of a component, the stator, placed against another, the rotor or
slider depending on the scheme of operation (rotation or linear translation).
Piezoelectric ultrasonic motors are a new type of actuator. They are
characterized by high torque at low rotational speed, simple mechanical
design and good controllability. They also provide a high holding torque
even if no power is applied. Compared to electromagnetic actuators theREGISTER,
torque per volume ratio of piezoelectric ultrasonic motors can be higher byLOGIN
an order of magnitude. Many different types of ultrasonic motors have been
proposed up to date. Ultrasonic motors are of great interest due to the Register
flexibility of miniaturization in comparison with conventional Log in
electromagnetic motors whose efficiency decreases significantly. Especially
in information systems and medical industry, compact size of these motorsLINKS TO
makes them find wider applications. This paper describes the advantages ofSIMILAR
ultrasonic motors over the conventional electromagnetic motors, severalSITES
types of piezoelectric ultrasonic motors. The basic working principle; the
mechanism of the ultrasonic motor are also explained. Finally, itsREFERENCE
applications and the only disadvantage are discussed.
WEBSITES
INTRODUCTION

An ultrasonic motor is a type of electric motor formed from the ultrasonic

vibration of a component, the stator, placed against another, the rotor or
slider depending on the scheme of operation (rotation or linear translation).
Ultrasonic motors differ from piezoelectric actuators in several ways,
though both typically use some form of piezoelectric material, most often
lead zirconate titanate and occasionally lithium niobate or other single-
crystal materials. The most obvious difference is the use of resonance to
amplify the vibration of the stator in contact with the rotor in ultrasonic
motors. Ultrasonic motors also offer arbitrarily large rotation or sliding
distances, while piezoelectric actuators are limited by the static strain that
may well be induced in the piezoelectric element.

Piezoelectric ultrasonic motors are a new type of actuator. They are

characterized by high torque at low rotational speed, simple mechanical
design and good controllability. They also provide a high holding torque
even if no power is applied. Compared to electromagnetic actuators the
torque per volume ratio of piezoelectric ultrasonic motors can be higher by
an order of magnitude.

The ultrasonic motor is characterized by a low speed and high torque,

contrary to the high speed and low torque of the electromagnetic motors.
Two categories of ultrasonic motors are developed at our laboratory: the
standing wave type and the traveling wave type.

The standing wave type is sometimes referred to as a vibratory-coupler type,

where a vibratory piece is connected to a piezoelectric driver and the tip
portion generates flat-elliptical movement. Attached to a rotor or a slider,
the vibratory piece provides intermittent rotational torque or thrust. The
travelling-wave type combines two standing waves with a 90-phase
difference both in time and space. By means of the traveling elastic wave
induced by the thin piezoelectric ring, a ring-type slider in contact with the
surface of the elastic body can be driven.

ultrasonic motor

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MECHANICAL, TECHNICAL PAPERS ADVANTAGES,

controllability, crystal materials, electric motor, electromagnetic actuators,
electromagnetic motors, high torque, linear translation, lithium niobate,
many different types, mechanical design, mechanical motion, Medical
applications, medical industry, miniaturization, new type of actuator, order
of magnitude, piezoelectric, piezoelectric actuators, piezoelectric material,
Rotary Ultrasonic Motor, rotational speed, stator, ultrasonic motor,
ultrasonic vibration, ultrasonic vibrations, volume ratio, working principle,
zirconate titanate

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