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  • Piles - Typical Applications.: Fig. 14.1 Stiff Strata at Depth

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    Rajesh Khadka
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    This document discusses typical applications of piling foundations. It lists 10 common uses of pile foundations: 1) where weak soil is underlain by strong soil, 2) where compressible surface soil is underlain by stiff material, 3) to avoid overloading existing foundations, 4) to resist lateral loads, 5) to prevent differential settlement from variable soil compressibility, 6) where excavating through difficult soil would be expensive, 7) to transfer loads below potential slip surfaces on slopes, 8) to anchor structures against flotation, 9) to prevent heave and swelling of clay soils, and 10) whenever piling provides a more economical solution than other foundation types. It cautions that piles may not be suitable where

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    This document discusses typical applications of piling foundations. It lists 10 common uses of pile foundations: 1) where weak soil is underlain by strong soil, 2) where compressible surface soil is underlain by stiff material, 3) to avoid overloading existing foundations, 4) to resist lateral loads, 5) to prevent differential settlement from variable soil compressibility, 6) where excavating through difficult soil would be expensive, 7) to transfer loads below potential slip surfaces on slopes, 8) to anchor structures against flotation, 9) to prevent heave and swelling of clay soils, and 10) whenever piling provides a more economical solution than other foundation types. It cautions that piles may not be suitable where

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    25 просмотров4 страницы

    Piles - Typical Applications.: Fig. 14.1 Stiff Strata at Depth

    Загружено:

    Rajesh Khadka
    This document discusses typical applications of piling foundations. It lists 10 common uses of pile foundations: 1) where weak soil is underlain by strong soil, 2) where compressible surface soil is underlain by stiff material, 3) to avoid overloading existing foundations, 4) to resist lateral loads, 5) to prevent differential settlement from variable soil compressibility, 6) where excavating through difficult soil would be expensive, 7) to transfer loads below potential slip surfaces on slopes, 8) to anchor structures against flotation, 9) to prevent heave and swelling of clay soils, and 10) whenever piling provides a more economical solution than other foundation types. It cautions that piles may not be suitable where

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Piles - Typical Applications.

    Typical applications of piling are:

    (1) Where soil of low bearing capacity of signicant depth is underlain by strong strata.

    Piling which transfers the foundation load to the strong strata is frequently a more economic solution
    than alternative foundations (see Fig. 14.1).

    Fig. 14.1 Stiff strata at depth.

    (2) Where the surface strata is susceptible to unacceptable settlement, and is underlain by stiff material
    (see Fig. 14.2).

    Fig. 14.2 Compressible strata.

    On a low-cost site the authors practice has installed 18 m long in situ concrete piles to support two-
    storey domestic housing. The increased cost of the piles was more than compensated for by the low
    cost of the site.

    (3) Where surface foundation would impose unacceptable increase in bearing pressure, or surcharge,
    on
    existing foundations (see Fig. 14.3).
    Fig. 14.3 Load transfer below existing foundation.

    (4) Where the foundation is subject to lateral loads which can be more economically resisted by raking
    piles (see Fig. 14.4).
    Fig. 14.4 Lateral resistance.

    (5) Where variations in the compressibility of the soil would lead to excessive differential settlement of
    surface foundations (see Fig. 14.5). The leaning tower of Pisa is a classic example of differential
    settlement.

    Fig. 14.5 Variable compressibility.

    (6) Where excavation to rm strata would prove ex- pensive and difcult, e.g. soft waterlogged alluvial
    deposits. On one important contract, near the coast in North Wales, it was found that the proposed
    structure
    was sited over a glaciated channel lled to a depth of 15 m with a soft, highly saturated silt which was
    impossible to dewater. Excavation and foundation construction would have been difcult and expensive.

    (7) Where, on sloping sites, it is necessary to transfer the additional load to a level below the possible
    slip circle (see Fig. 14.6).
    Fig. 14.6 Load transfer below critical slip circle.

    (8) Where anchoring of a otation foundation by tying down or tension pile is necessary (see Fig.
    14.7).

    Fig. 14.7 Anchorage against otation.

    (9) Where heave and swelling of clay could exert excessive forces and movements on surface spread
    foundations.

    (10) Whenever piling is a more economic solution. In the past few decades there have been advances
    in piling manufacture and construction which have considerably reduced the cost of piling. Piling is no
    longer a last resort but can be considered as an economic alternative in foundation design.

    Piles should be used with caution, if at all, where the ground is subject to signicant lateral movement,
    e.g. in areas affected by mining, as such movements can shear off the piles leaving the structure
    unsupported.

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