ABDOMINAL IMAGING

URINARY TRACT IMAGING

INTRA VENOUS PYELOGRAPHY
A type of x-ray examination specifically designed to study the kidneys, ureters and bladder,
using contrast material (x-ray dye).
INDICATION AND CONTRA INDICATION:
Suspected of urologic disease:
infections
acute genitourinary pain
hematuria (microscopic or gross)
trauma
suspected neoplasm
renal transplantation
neurogenic bladder
congenital anomalies
investigation of complications following a surgical procedure
combined renal and liver failure
multiple myeloma
pregnancy
previous reactions to contrast media
history of allergy
infancy
thyroid disease
renal failure
diabetes mellitus
The contrast
Consists of iodine atoms.
Following injection, their distribution in the body and routes of excretion are
identical, and their visualization in the kidneys is equal. Assuming normal renal function,
their route of excretion is greater than 99% by glomerular filtration.
Interpretasi
Abnormalities in the appearance of the kidneys or ureters, distribution of contrast within a
kidney, asymmetry in the amount of contrast in each kidney, or defects in the collecting
systems can be identified and are suggestive of particular diseases and conditions.
Persiapan Pasien
1. Dehydration INCREASE OF UROGRAPHIC IMAGING AND AVOID EMESIS
2. Bladder voiding
3. Bowel preparation ELIMINATING GAS AND FECES
4. Psychological preparation
 o Anxiety appears to be a factor in the so-called idiosyncratic reactions (nausea
and vomiting, urticaria) following contrast injection.
5. Informed consent previous alergic reaction, sensation during and following contrast
injection

Normal bolus injection urographic nephrogram

A. One minute after contrast injection. the cortex and cortical columns are opacified; the medullary
pyramids remain relatively lucent.
B. Four minutes later, the cortex and medulla are equally opacified. Note excellent filling of the
collecting system and ureter.
(Newhouse JH, Pfister RC: The nephrogram. Radiol Clin North Am, 17:213, 1979)

ULTRASONOGRAPHY
ANTEGRAGE PYELOGRAPHY
 RETROGRADE PYELOGRAPHY
MCU, URETHROGRAPHY
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
RENOGRAPHY