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STRUCTURE VENDORS PHARMACOLOGY LITERATURE PATENTS BIOACTIVITIES
O-chlorotoluene is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. Denser than water and poorly soluble in water.
Hence sinks in water . (USCG, 1999)
Physical Description from CAMEO Chemicals
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Contents
1 2D Structure
2 3D Conformer
5 Related Records
6 Chemical Vendors
9 Identification
11 Toxicity
12 Literature
13 Patents
15 Classification
16 Information Sources
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1 2D Structure
Search Download Get Image
Magnify
from PubChem
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2 3D Conformer
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Magnify
from PubChem
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1-chloro-2-methylbenzene
from PubChem
3.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C7H7Cl/c1-6-4-2-3-5-7(6)8/h2-5H,1H3
from PubChem
IBSQPLPBRSHTTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
from PubChem
CC1=CC=CC=C1Cl
from PubChem
CH3C6H4Cl
from ILO-ICSC
3.3.1 CAS
95-49-8
from CAMEO Chemicals, ChemIDplus, EPA Chemicals under the TSCA, EPA DSStox, European Ch
3.3.2 EC Number
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202-424-3
from European Chemicals Agency - ECHA
1458
from ILO-ICSC
XS9000000
from ILO-ICSC, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
3.3.5 UN Number
2238
from CAMEO Chemicals, ILO-ICSC, NJDOH RTK Hazardous Substance List, OSHA Occupational
3.3.6 UNII
2G7D0YDV9H
from FDA/SPL Indexing Data
3.3.7 Wikipedia
Title O-chlorotoluene
from Wikipedia
3.4 Synonyms
1. 2-chlorotoluene
2. 2-chlorotoluene, ion(+1)
3. o-chlorotoluene
4. ortho-chlorotoluene
from MeSH
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from PubChem
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Complexity 70.8
AAADcYBgAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
wAAAAAAAAAAABAAAAGAIAAAAADAKAGCAyAIA
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint AAACAAiBCAAACAAAgBQAIiAAAAogIICKBExCAIA
AggAAIiAcAgAAOAAAAAAABAAAAAAAAAAIAAA
AAAAAA
XLogP3 3.4
Formal Charge 0
from PubChem
O-chlorotoluene is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. Denser than water and poorly soluble in water.
Hence sinks in water . (USCG, 1999)
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Liquid
from EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
4.2.2 Color
Colorless liquid.
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-140. Washington, D.C. U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1997., p. 68
from HSDB
4.2.3 Odor
Aromatic odor.
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-140. Washington, D.C. U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1997., p. 68
from HSDB
158.97 DEG C
Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co.,
Inc., 1989., p. 336
from HSDB
159.2C
from ILO-ICSC
320F
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Healt
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-35.59 DEG C
Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co.,
Inc., 1989., p. 336
from HSDB
-35.1C
from ILO-ICSC
FRZ: -31F
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
-31F
from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
43C c.c.
from ILO-ICSC
96F
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Healt
4.2.7 Solubility
from HSDB
Miscible with alcohol, acetone, ether, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and n-heptane; slightly soluble in
water.
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 12th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Rheinhold Co.,
1993, p. 274
from HSDB
from HSDB
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from HSDB
(77F): 0.009%
from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
4.2.8 Density
from HSDB
1.08
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Healt
from HSDB
Vapour pressure
kPa at 20C: 0.35
from ILO-ICSC
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(77F): 4 mmHg
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Healt
4.2.11 LogP
from HSDB
3.4
from ILO-ICSC
4.2.12 Viscosity
from HSDB
from HSDB
from HSDB
from HSDB
8.83 eV
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from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Healt
962, 926.1, 933.6, 932, 970, 944, 951.6, 996, 942.8, 945, 956, 938, 956,
Standard non-polar
931, 985, 952
from NIST
from HSDB
from HSDB
from HSDB
MAX ABSORPTION (CHLOROFORM): 260 NM SHOULDER (LOG E= 2.6); 272 NM (LOG E= 2.7); 280 NM
(LOG E= 2.6)
Weast, R.C. (ed.). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 60th ed. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press Inc., 1979., p. C-521
from HSDB
from HSDB
from HSDB
from HSDB
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WI: 530 (Atlas of Mass Spectral Data, John Wiley & Sons, New York)
Weast, R.C. and M.J. Astle. CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volumes I and II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC
Press Inc. 1985., p. V2 362
from HSDB
4.3.1 GC-MS
1 of 5
Total Peaks 82
Thumbnail
from NIST
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5 Related Records
Download
Medications (1) Literature (247) 3D Structure (47) Bioactivities (492)
Patents (11523)
from PubChem
from PubChem
5.3 Substances
from PubChem
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Download
Chemical Vendors (61)
PubMed 30 records
from PubChem
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6 Chemical Vendors
Refine/Analyze Download
Vendor/Supplier Purchasable Chemical PubChem SID
FT-0612029 164797185
Finetech Industry Limited
FT-0651834 164825623
Mcule MCULE-2832835864 165252396
from PubChem
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from HSDB
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8.1 Uses
Process regulators
from EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
from HSDB
8.3 Impurities
A typical analysis for 2-chlorotoluene gives >99% 2-chlorotoluene, <0.1% toluene, <0.9% 4-chlorotoluene,
<0.01% 3-chlorotoluene.
Gerhartz, W. (exec ed.). Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. 5th ed.Vol A1: Deerfield Beach, FL: VCH
Publishers, 1985 to Present., p. VA6 346
from HSDB
from HSDB
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9 Identification
from HSDB
EMSLC Method #524.2. Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas
Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy. Revision 4.0. MDL = 0.04 ug/l.
USEPA; EMMI. Environmental Monitoring Methods Index. Version 2.0. NTIS PB-95-502415 (1994)
from HSDB
EMSLC Method #502.1. Volatile Halogenated Organic Compounds in Water by Purge and Trap Gas
Chromatography. Revision 2.0.
USEPA; EMMI. Environmental Monitoring Methods Index. Version 2.0. NTIS PB-95-502415 (1994)
from HSDB
EMSLC Method #502.2. Volatile Organic Compounds in Water by Purge and Trap Capillary Column Gas
Chromatography with Photoionization and Electrolytic Conductivity Detectors in Series. Revision 2.0. MDL
= 0.01 ug/l.
USEPA; EMMI. Environmental Monitoring Methods Index. Version 2.0. NTIS PB-95-502415 (1994)
from HSDB
EMSLC Method #503.1. Volatile Aromatic and Unsaturated Organic Compounds in Water by Purge and
Trap Gas Chromatography. Revision 2.0. MDL = 0.008 ug/l.
USEPA; EMMI. Environmental Monitoring Methods Index. Version 2.0. NTIS PB-95-502415 (1994)
from HSDB
EMSLC Method #524.1. Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Packed Column Gas
Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry. Revision 3.0.
USEPA; EMMI. Environmental Monitoring Methods Index. Version 2.0. NTIS PB-95-502415 (1994)
from HSDB
OSW Method #5021. Volatile Organic Compounds in Soils and Other Solid Matrices Using Equilibrium
Headspace Analysis.
USEPA/Office of Solid Waste (OSW); Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods SW846
Methods (1986)
from HSDB
OSW Method #8021A. Analysis of Halogenated and Aromatic Volatiles by Gas Chromatography Using
Electrolytic Conductivity and Photoionization Detectors in Series: Capillary Column Technique. Detection
Limit = 0.01 ug/l.
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USEPA/Office of Solid Waste (OSW); Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods SW846
Methods (1986)
from HSDB
from HSDB
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Signal: Warning
GHS Hazard Statements
H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids - Category 3]
H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 2B]
H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory
tract irritation - Category 3]
H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic
effects - Category 3]
H373: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ
toxicity, repeated exposure - Category 2]
H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard - Category
1]
H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment,
long-term hazard - Category 1]
Inhalation of vapor may cause respiratory irrtation. Prolonged and repeated vapor exposures may produce
systemic toxic effects. (USCG, 1999)
from CAMEO Chemicals
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Special Hazards of Combustion Products: May contain toxic chloride fumes. Behavior in Fire: Container
may explode in heat of fire. Vapor may travel to a source of ignition and flashback. Vapor explosion hazard
indoors, outdoors or in sewer. Toxic chloride fumes may be produced. (USCG, 1999)
from CAMEO Chemicals
The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of 2-chlorotoluene stem from its toxicologic
properties and flammability. Exposure may occur at sites where 2-chlorotoluene is manufactured or used
as a pesticide, solvent, or intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, or synthetic rubber
chemicals. This colorless liquid may exert its strong irritant properties upon dermal contact or inhalation.
To assure protection against 2-chlorotoluene exposure a full-face mask self-contained breathing
apparatus and protective clothing should be worn. The ACGIH recommends maintaining an 8-hr TLV of 50
ppm. While this substance must be moderately heated before ignition occurs, 2-chlorotoluene is
nevertheless considered a combustion hazard. For fires involving 2-chlorotoluene, extinguish with "alcohol
foam", CO2, dry chemical, or water in flooding quantities as fog (solid streams may be ineffective).
Flooding quantities of water should be applied from as far a distance as possible, to cool affected
containers. This substance should be stored away from heat or flames. Shipping regulations and other
DOT regulatory requirements should be consulted before transport. For small spills of 2-chlorotoluene,
take up with sand or other noncombustible absorbent and place into containers for later disposal. For
large spills, dike to prevent 2-chlorotoluene from entering water sources and sewers. Prior to
implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge) consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance.
from HSDB
from HSDB
from HSDB
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10.2.1 UEL
10.2.2 Flammability
from HSDB
from HSDB
2
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
2
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
On combustion, forms toxic and corrosive fumes including hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Reacts with
oxidants.
from ILO-ICSC
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from HSDB
Recommended Exposure Limit: 15 Min Short-Term Exposure Limit: 75 ppm (375 mg/cu m).
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-140. Washington, D.C. U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1997., p. 68
from HSDB
EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or
normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control
center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from
a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such
as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and
isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If
symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to
transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area;
take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in
the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible,
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection
greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and
IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if
advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure
that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO
NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)
from CAMEO Chemicals
EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or
normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control
center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from
a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such
as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and
isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If
symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to
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transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area;
take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or
burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to
a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever
possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of
protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE
VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical
and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a
hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by
mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower
than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
(See procedures)
Eye:Irrigate immediately
Skin:Soap wash immediately
Breathing:Respiratory support
Swallow:Medical attention immediately
from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again.
from ILO-ICSC
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for
medical attention.
from ILO-ICSC
Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .
from ILO-ICSC
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with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical,
or carbon dioxide. /Chlorotoluenes/
Association of American Railroads. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation.
Washington, DC: Association of American Railroads, Bureau of Explosives, 1994., p. 255
from HSDB
Fire Extinguishing Agents: Small fires: dry chemical, CO 2 , water spray or foam; large fires: water spray, fog
or foam. (USCG, 1999)
from CAMEO Chemicals, OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: As an immediate
precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE
SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank
truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial
evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)
from CAMEO Chemicals
Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration
of the substance. Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable
containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose
of according to local regulations. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.
from ILO-ICSC
SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are
subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste
sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.
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from HSDB
If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.
Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray
to knock-down vapors. /Chlorotoluenes/
Association of American Railroads. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation.
Washington, DC: Association of American Railroads, Bureau of Explosives, 1994., p. 255
from HSDB
Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless
wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted
the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Chlorotoluenes/
Association of American Railroads. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation.
Washington, DC: Association of American Railroads, Bureau of Explosives, 1994., p. 255
from HSDB
... HANDLING OF MATERIAL DOES NOT PRESENT ANY SPECIAL PROBLEMS & NORMAL PRECAUTIONS
FOR HANDLING CHEMICALS SHOULD BE ADEQUATE.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and
Biological Exposure Indices. 5th ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 1986.,
p. 137
from HSDB
The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-140. Washington, D.C. U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1997., p. 68
from HSDB
Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard.
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-140. Washington, D.C. U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1997., p. 68
from HSDB
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill
material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag
for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a
strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other
responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You
should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)
from CAMEO Chemicals
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SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill
material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag
for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a
strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other
responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You
should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
10.7.1 REL
10.7.2 PEL
10.7.3 REL-TWA
50 ppm
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
250 mg/m3
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
10.7.4 REL-STEL
75 ppm
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
375 mg/m3
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
10.7.5 IDLH
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N.D.
See: IDLH INDEX
from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
from HSDB
Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA
for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed
5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists TLVs and BEIs. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical
Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. Cincinnati, OH, 2008, p. 5
from HSDB
A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20C;
on spraying or dispersing, however, much faster.
from ILO-ICSC
The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.
from ILO-ICSC
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Above 43C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment.
from ILO-ICSC
Protective gloves.
from ILO-ICSC
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Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye
protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it
becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to
its flammability hazard(i.e. for liquids with flash point < 100F) Change: No recommendation is made
specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. Provide: Eyewash fountains
should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance;
this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection. (NIOSH, 2016)
from CAMEO Chemicals
Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and
goggles. /Chlorotoluenes/
Association of American Railroads. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation.
Washington, DC: Association of American Railroads, Bureau of Explosives, 1994., p. 255
from HSDB
from HSDB
from HSDB
Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be
exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye
protection.
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-140. Washington, D.C. U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1997., p. 68
from HSDB
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Aryl Halides
from CAMEO Chemicals
O-CHLOROTOLUENE may be incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also may be
incompatible with amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides. Reacts violently
with dimethyl sulfoxide (NTP, 1992).
from CAMEO Chemicals
from HSDB
from HSDB
/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if
inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff
from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Chlorotoluenes/
U.S. Department of Transportation. 2004 Emergency Response Guidebook. A Guide book for First Responders During
the Initial Phase of a Dangerous Goods/Hazardous Materials Incident. Washington, D.C. 2004
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from HSDB
from HSDB
from HSDB
from HSDB
/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire: Caution: All these products
have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. Small fires: Dry
chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control
fires involving nitromethane or nitroethane. Large fires: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not
use straight streams. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Fire involving tanks or
car/trailer loads: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case
of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks
engulfed in fire. For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible,
withdraw from area and let fire burn. /Chlorotoluenes/
U.S. Department of Transportation. 2004 Emergency Response Guidebook. A Guide book for First Responders During
the Initial Phase of a Dangerous Goods/Hazardous Materials Incident. Washington, D.C. 2004
from HSDB
from HSDB
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/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh
air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer
oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact
with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. Wash skin with
soap and water. Keep victim warm and quiet. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long
as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. Effects of exposure (inhalation,
ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the
material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. /Chlorotoluenes/
U.S. Department of Transportation. 2004 Emergency Response Guidebook. A Guide book for First Responders During
the Initial Phase of a Dangerous Goods/Hazardous Materials Incident. Washington, D.C. 2004
from HSDB
No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless
that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described,
packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous
materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./
49 CFR 171.2 (7/1/96)
from HSDB
The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the
IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of
industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous
materials.
IATA. Dangerous Goods Regulations. 38th ed. Montreal, Canada and Geneva, Switzerland: International Air Transport
Association, Dangerous Goods Board, January, 1997., p. 124
from HSDB
The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous
chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for
good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names
has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate
procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.
IMDG; International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code; International Maritime Organization p.3123-1 (1988)
from HSDB
2238 129
from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
Flammable Liquid
from CAMEO Chemicals
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Marine pollutant.
from ILO-ICSC
10.9.6 EC Classification
10.9.7 UN Classification
Transport Emergency Card: TEC (R)-30GFI-III. NFPA Code: H2; F2; R0.
from ILO-ICSC
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chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane or nitroethane. Large Fire * Water spray,
fog or alcohol-resistant foam. * Do not use straight streams. * Move containers from fire area if you can do
it without risk. Fire involving Tanks or Car/Trailer Loads * Fight fire from maximum distance or use
unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. * Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well
after fire is out. * Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or
discoloration of tank. * ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. * For massive fire, use unmanned
hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. SPILL OR LEAK
* ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). * All equipment
used when handling the product must be grounded. * Do not touch or walk through spilled material. *
Stop leak if you can do it without risk. * Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined
areas. * A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. * Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or
other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. * Use clean non-sparking tools to collect
absorbed material. Large Spill * Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. * Water spray may reduce
vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. FIRST AID * Move victim to fresh air. * Call 911 or
emergency medical service. * Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. * Administer oxygen if
breathing is difficult. * Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. * In case of contact with
substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. * Wash skin with soap
and water. * In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do
not remove clothing if adhering to skin. * Keep victim warm and quiet. * Effects of exposure (inhalation,
ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. * Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the
material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.
from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
from HSDB
from HSDB
from HSDB
Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment
information concerned with production, use, and exposure to EPA.
40 CFR 712.30 (7/1/94)
from HSDB
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Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule (40
CFR Part 716). The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed
chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety
studies. o-Chlorotoluene is included on this list.
40 CFR 716.120 (7/1/94)
from HSDB
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11 Toxicity
Download
1 to 5 of 21 View More
Behavioral:
Convulsions or
effect on seizure
threshold
Lowest published
Acute Toxicity inhalation/guinea lethal September
Behavioral: Ataxia
Data pig concentration: 4400 201
ppm
Lung, Thorax, or
Respiration:
Respiratory
stimulation
Behavioral:
Convulsions or
effect on seizure
threshold
Lowest published
Acute Toxicity lethal September
inhalation/mouse Behavioral: Ataxia
Data concentration: 4400 201
ppm
Lung, Thorax, or
Respiration:
Respiratory
stimulation
Behavioral:
Convulsions or
effect on seizure
threshold
Lowest published
Acute Toxicity lethal September
inhalation/rat Behavioral: Ataxia
Data concentration: 4400 201
ppm
Lung, Thorax, or
Respiration:
Respiratory
stimulation
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from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.1.3 Symptoms
irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane; dermatitis; drowsiness, incoordination, anesthesia; cough; liver,
kidney injury
from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
Redness. Pain.
from ILO-ICSC
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/Representative of chemical production plant stated/ ... production people in plant ... who have handled
material for years, have never encountered cases in skin irritation or other forms of poisoning due to
contact with, or inhalation of the product.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and
Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 308
from HSDB
VAPOR HARMFUL.
The Merck Index. 10th ed. Rahway, New Jersey: Merck Co., Inc., 1983., p. 306
from HSDB
The undiluted material has been admin orally to rats in doses ranging from 50-1600 mg/kg. Moderate to
marked weakness was noted and vasodilatation was produced at the higher dose levels. All rats survived &
were gaining wt 2 wk later. ...
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and
Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 308
from HSDB
Undiluted liquid was applied under an occlusive dressing to two guinea pigs in doses of 1 cc and 10 cc/kg
for a 24 hr period. There was moderately severe local irritation and evidence of skin absorption ... both
animals had lost wt two weeks after exposure.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and
Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 308
from HSDB
One drop of undiluted material instilled in the eye of a rabbit resulted in a delayed reaction which
produced moderate erythema of the conjunctiva. After 24 hr the anterior portion of the cornea was
opaque but had grossly returned to its normal appearance 14 days later.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and
Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 308
from HSDB
Rats exposed for 6 hr to an atm of 21 mg/l or about 4000 ppm lost coordination in 1.5 hr, prostration
occurred in 1.75 hr, and tremors in 2 hours. Marked vasodilation also developed. All 3 animals survived,
and 14 days later had gained wt averaging 33 grams each. Three rats were exposed to an atmospheric
concn of 73 mg/l or 14,000 ppm. They suffered loss of coordination, vasodilatation, labored
respiration, /CNS depression/, red tears, but all survived. Rats exposed to 900 mg/l (approximately 175,000
ppm). One animal died. There was severe prostration of the other two. They survived and were gaining wt
14 days later.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and
Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 308
from HSDB
In a study by /a chemical manufacturer/, the nominal chamber concentration was calculated to be 22.2
mg/l or about 4,400 ppm. Mice exhibited gasping, ataxia, and convulsions within 30 minutes after
exposure; rats and guinea pigs showed gasping, hyperpnea, ataxia and convulsions in 45 minutes, & all
animals were comatose in 60 minutes. All mice & rats succumbed as did 7 of the 10 guinea pigs.
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American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and
Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 308
from HSDB
In a study by /a chemical manufacturer/, moderate skin irritation by a 24-hr patch test was noted on both
abraded and intact rabbit skin.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and
Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 308
from HSDB
from HSDB
The (computer automated structure evaluation) structure-activity relational expert system was used to
analyze the toxicity of a database of chemical sets to enviromnental bacteria (aerobic heterotrophs,
nitrosomonas, methanogens, and photobacteria (Microtox test)). The analyses revealed that the data sets
related to each of the antimicrobial activities, albeit containing a relatively small number of chemicals, are
characterized by structural determinants significantly associated with the probability of antimicrobial
activity, as well as with antibacterial potency. Although there were a number of similarities among the
structural determinants associated with each of these antimicrobial activities, there were also features
unique to each assay that presumably reflect species-specific targets of bactericidal activity. Overall the
assay for antimethanogenic activity appears to be the most informative as well as the one most predictive
of the activity in the other three assays.
Pangrekar J et al; Environ Toxicol and Chem 13 (6): 979-1001 (1994)
from HSDB
Many occupational exposure limits are based on irritation. A sensory irritation test has been developed
based on trigeminal nerve stimulation in the nasal mucosa of rodents which results in a decreased
respiratory frequency. The RD50, the concentration inducing a 50% decrease in the respiratory rate, was
proposed for the assessment of occupational exposure limits. The reproducibility within one laboratory
appeared to be satisfactory, but interlaboratory differences may be larger. Intra- and interspecies
differences were inconsistent. Other effects (pulmonary irritation, toxicity) may interfere with trigeminal
nerve stimulation. The effects of mixed and repeated exposures (the occurrence of "sensitization" and
"(cross-)tolerance") are evaluated. Severe toxicity was observed in animals exposed below the RD50 for
some compounds. A quantitative evaluation with respect to human data was not possible. The suitability
of the test for the assessment of an occupational exposure limits is doubted. The best purpose wi11 be as
an upper range-finding study for subacute or chronic toxicity experiments.
Bos P MJ et al; Crit Rev Toxicol 21 (6): 423-50 (1992)
from HSDB
This research assayed the toxicity of 50 to 100 chemicals to each of 3 bacterial groups: aerobic
heterotrophs, Nitrosomonas, and methanogens. All assays were carried out in sealed serum bottles under
similar experimental conditions so that data could be compared among groups. Chemicals tested
comprise important environmental pollutants such as chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons and halogenated
and other substituted benzenes and phenols. Toxicity data were obtained from the literature for fathead
minnows and for the Microtox test for comparison with our bacterial data. Aerobic heterotrophs and
methanogens showed similar sensitivities to toxicants, with the exception of an enhanced susceptibility of
methanogens to chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons and chlorinated alcohols. Nitrosomonas, Microtox,
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and the fathead minnow showed similar sensitivities as one another, which were significantly greater (one
order of magnitude) than the sensitivities of the aerobic heterotrophs and methanogens. Correlations
among the toxicities to different organisms allow predictions of a chemical's toxicity to one organism to
be made based on the toxicity of that chemical to a different organism. Excellent correlations (r2 = 0.90 to
0.94) were found between chemical toxicities to the aerobic heterotrophs, methanogens (with chlorinated
aliphatic hydrocarbons omitted), and fathead minnows. Good correlations (r2 = 0.70 to 0.82) were found
between Microtox and each of the other bacteria and the fathead minnow. The successful interspecies
comparisons and correlations found in this study illustrate that toxicity testing may be streamlined by
developing and using relationships between chemical toxicities to different aquatic organisms.
Blum D JW et al; Res J Water Pollut Control Fed 63 (3): 198-207 (1991)
from HSDB
from HSDB
The metabolism of 2-chlorotoluene was investigated in rats. Sprague-Dawley-rats were given a single dose
of 1 mg/kg radiolabeled 2-chlorotoluene. Two females were treated with 91 and 102 mg/kg. Three males
were given l mg/kg to study the effect on blood plasma. Urine, feces, expired radiolabeled carbon-dioxide,
and expired organic radioactive carbon-14 (C-14) were analyzed. Thin layer chromatography, nuclear
magnetic resonance spectra, and liquid scintillation counting were used to analyze the metabolites.
Animals given l mg/kg of the chemical eliminated 85 to 92% via the urine, 5 to 8% in feces, and 1 to 4% as
volatile C-14. Eighty four percent of the C-14 was identified as 2-chlorotoluene. Most of the radioactive
2-chlorotoluene extracted from the urine was a beta-glucoronide of 2-chlorobenzyl-alcohol and
mercapturic-acid. 2-Chlorotoluene was absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract into the blood plasma in
about 2 hours. Within 4 days, less that 1% of the administered 2-chlorotoluene was measured in the
animal carcass. Traces of C-14 residue were found in the tissues. Metabolism of 2-chlorotoluene did not
vary between male and female. The distribution of metabolites was the same from 1 to 100 mg/kg. /It
was/ concluded that 2-chlorotoluene is rapidly absorbed and eliminated by rats within 4 days after a single
dose.
Quistad GB et al; J Agricultural and Food Chemistry 31 (6): 1158-62 (1983)
from HSDB
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American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and
Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 308
from HSDB
The frequency of forward mutations was determined at the (TK) locus of the mouse lymphoma L5178Y cell
line when exposed to orthochlorotoluene. No significant increases in the mutant frequency produced.
Orthochlorotoluene was assayed at concentrations up to 40 nl/ml without activation and 60 nl/ml with
metabolic activation by rat liver S9 fraction, and nondetectable to moderate toxicities were induced.
Percent relative growth ranged from 58.3% to 19.3% in the absence of activation, and from 127.1% to
23.8% with activation.
Litton Bionetics, Inc.; Mutagenicity Evaluation of Orthochlorotoluene (OCT) in the Mouse Lymphoma Forward Mutation
Assay, Final Report. (1982), EPA Document No. 40-8235071, Fiche No. OTS0507444
from HSDB
The ability of ortho-chlorotoluene to induce specific locus mutations at the TK locus in cultured L5178Y
mouse lymphoma cells (Mouse Lymphoma Mutagenicity Assay) was evaluated in the presence of Aroclor-
induced rat liver S9 metabolic activation. Based on preliminary toxicity tests, 12 activated cultures exposed
from 40 nl/ml to 90 nl/ml were cloned, producing a range of 69.7 - 6.1% relative growth. None of the
activated cultures produced mutant frequencies significantly greater than the solvent control (DMSO).
Litton Bionetics Inc; Mutagenicity of Ortho-Chlorotoluene in a Mouse Lymphoma Mutation Assay, Final Report, (1985),
EPA Document No. 40-8535062, Fiche No. OTS0509042
from HSDB
The frequency of chromosome aberrations was determined in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, in an in
vitro cytogenetic assay, with and without metabolic activation by rat liver S9 fraction. In nonactivated
experiments, orthochlorotoluene was tested at 6 concentrations ranging from 0.83 nl/ml to 250.00 nl/ml.
There was no significant increase in chromosome damage in the cultures tested up to the toxic dose of
83.3 nl/ml, (severe toxicity at 250.00 nl/ml). In the presence of metabolic activation there was again no
increase in aberrations in the test cultures up to 83.3 nl/ml.
Litton Bionetics, Inc.; Mutagenicity Evaluation of Orthochlorotoluene in an In Vitro Cytogenetic Assay Measuring
Chromosome Aberration Frequencies in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) Cells, Final Report. (1982), EPA Document No.
40-8235064, Fiche No. OTS0507446
from HSDB
An inhalation teratology study was conducted with New Zealand white rabbits receiving whole body
exposure to 2-chlorotoluene at nominal concentrations of 0, 1.5, 4 and 10 mg/l in an air exposure
chamber. At each concentration 16 female rabbits were exposed for 6 hr/day on days 6-28 inclusive of
gestation. At a nominal concentration of 10 mg/l, lachrymation, salivation and ptosis was observed during
initial exposures. At 4 and 10 mg/l there was a significant dose-related reduction in food consumption
during the treatment period, which resulted in retardation of mean weight gain between the onset of
treatment and day 9 of gestation. Among litter parameters, there was no significant effect upon mean
values for litter size, pre- and post implantation loss, or litter and mean fetal weight. Also, there was no
significant effect upon incidence of skeletal anomalies and variants.
Huntingdon Research Center; 2-chlorotoluene: Effect of 2-Chlorotoluene Vapor on Pregnancy of the New Zealand
White Rabbit, (1983), EPA Document No. 40-8335094, Fiche No. OTS0507457
from HSDB
An inhalation teratology study was conducted Charles River CD rats receiving whole body exposure to
2-chlorotoluene at nominal concentrations of 0, 1, 3 and 9 mg/l in an air exposure chamber. At each
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concentration, 25 female rats were exposed for 6 hr/day on days 6-19 inclusive of gestation. At a nominal
concentration of 9 mg/l, all parent animals showed brown fur staining and slight to moderate ataxia, and
some showed lachrymation and/or salivation during exposure. Food consumption and mean body weight
gain were significantly reduced at 9 mg/l. Among litter parameters, at 9 mg/l mean values for litter and
mean fetal weight were significantly reduced. There was no significant effect upon litter size, and pre- and
post implantation loss. Correlating with the lower mean fetal weight in the high dose group, skeletal
ossification was reduced, providing an increased incidence of fetuses with sternal variants and contributing
to a significant increase in fetuses with skeletal anomaly.
Huntingdon Research Center; Effect of 2-Chlorotoluene Vapor on Pregnancy of the Rat, (1983), EPA Document No. 40-
8335095, Fiche No. OTS0507458
from HSDB
The diuretic effect of 2-chlorotoluene was examined in female Cobs/Wistar rats after repeated oral
administration. Doses of 0, 30, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day were administered for 4 days. At the 1000
mg/kg/day dose level 2-chlorotoluene caused a statistically significant increase in urine output 6 and 24
hours after dosing on day 3. During the urinalysis performed on day 4, the total 24 hour sample showed a
statistically significant increase in calcium ion excretion at the 300 mg/kg/day dose level, and inorganic
phosphorus excretion at the 1000 mg/kg/day dose level.
Huntingdon Research Center; Orthochlorotoluene: Investigation of the Diuretic Activity After Repeated Oral
Administration in the Rat. (1985), EPA Document No. 40-8535027, Fiche No. OTS0507462
from HSDB
The metabolism of 2-chlorotoluene by rats was examined using four female and four male sprague-dawley
albino rats administered a single oral dose of 2-chlorotoluene by gavage at 1 mg/kg. 2-Chlorotoluene was
rapidly absorbed and quantitatively eliminated by rats within four days after a single oral dose. No
significant sex-related metabolism differences were found between males and females. 85-92%, 5-8%, and
1-4% of the applied 14C were excreted in the urine and feces and as volatile 14C, respectively. The same
qualitative and quantitative distribution of metabolites (2-chlorohippurate, glucuronide, and mercapturic
acid) was found for doses of 1-100 mg/kg.
Zoecon Corporation; 2-Chlorotoluene Metabolism by Rats. (1983), EPA Document No. 40-8335077, Fiche No.
OTS0507452
from HSDB
2-Chlorotoluene by Rats Dosed Intravenously. (1983), EPA Document No. 40-8335096, Fiche No.
OTS0507459] The metabolism of 2-chlorotoluene was examined using female rats treated intravenously
with a single dose of [U-ring-14C]2-chlorotoluene at 0.7 mg/kg. Female rats eliminated 69-81% and 14-
18% of the applied dose in the urine and as expired volatile, respectively. 2-Chlorotoluene was rapidly
eliminated by female rats within 4 days after a single intravenous dose. The results for intravenous dosing
are quantitatively and qualitatively similar to those obtained for oral dosing, with the exceptions that the
rats dosed intravenously demonstrated the presence of unknown polar urinary 14C, more mercapturic acid
than glucuronide derivatives in the urine, and an increase in the amount of expired 14C.[Zoecon
Corporation; Metabolism of
U-ring-14C]
from HSDB
The mutagenicity of orthochlorotoluene was evaluated in Salmonella tester strains TA98, TA100, TA1535,
TA1537, and TA1538 (Ames test), both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation by aroclor-
induced rat liver S9 fraction. Based on the results of preliminary bacterial toxicity determinations,
orthochlorotoluene, diluted with DMSO, was tested for mutagenicity at concentrations of 0.02 ul to 1.17
ul/plate. Orthochlorotoluene did not cause a reproducible positive response in any of the bacterial tester
strains, either with or without metabolic activation.
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Litton Bionetics, Inc.; Mutagenicity Evaluation of Orthochlorotoluene in the Ames Salmonella/Microsome Plate Test,
Final Report. (1982), EPA Document No. 40-8235088, Fiche No. OTS0507442
from HSDB
The ability of orthochlorotoluene to induce cell transformation in Balb/3T3 cells in vitro was evaluated in
the presence of a rat liver-derived microsomal enzyme metabolic activation system. Orthochlorotoluene
was tested at 5 concentrations ranging from 138.0 nl/ml to 1375.0 nl/ml which corresponded to relative
cell survivals of approximately 100% to 20% respectively. The average number of foci/flask ranged from
0.07 at 550.0 nl/ml to zero at 1100.0 and 1375.0 nl/ml. No evidence of a dose-related response was
observed.
Litton Bionetics, Inc.; Evaluation of Orthochlorotoluene in the In Vitro Transformation of Balb/3T3 Cells Assay With
Microsomal Enzyme-Medicated Metabolic Activation, Final Report. (1983), EPA Document No. 40-8335078, Fiche No.
OTS0507430
from HSDB
The frequency of chromosome aberrations was determined in the bone marrow cells of Sprague-Dawley
rats exposed by gavage to orthochlorotoluene either as an acute (single dose) or subchronic (5 daily
doses) exposure. Eight animals per group (4 male and 4 female) were given doses of 30, 100, or 300
mg/kg. The structural aberration frequencies in bone marrow cells of treated rats did not significantly
differ from the negative controls at any of the twelve dose level/dose type/kill-time combinations for
either sex.
Litton Bionetics, Inc.; Mutagenicity Evaluation of Orthochlorotoluene (OCT) in the Rat Bone Marrow Cytogenic Assay,
Final Report. (1982), EPA Document No. 40-8235067, Fiche No. OTS0507445
from HSDB
The fate of 2-chlorotoluene-14C (14C-CT) was evaluated in three male Harlan rats orally exposed by
gavage to a single dosage of 320 mg/kg (1.25 uC/kg) suspended in a 1% aqueous solution of Span
80/Tween 80 (1:1). The treated animals were housed in a glass metabolism cage connected to two
methanol traps in series with access to water for 24 hrs to determine exhaled 14C-CT. After 24 hrs the
animals were transferred to stainless steel metabolism cages where they had access to food and water. At
24 and 48 hrs after treatment, urine and feces were collected. The excretion of radioactivity as unchanged
CT (verified by gas chromatography (GC)) in expired air (% of dose) totaled 11.3% after 24 hrs (6.1% during
03 hrs, 3.7% during 3-6 hrs, and 1.5% during 6-24 hrs). The excretion of radioactivity in the urine and feces
during 0-24 hrs was 80.6 and 3.0%, respectively, and during 24-48 hrs was 1.1 and 0.5%, respectively. Total
excretion of radioactivity in the urine and feces was 81.7 and 3.5%, respectively. No unchanged
2-chlorotoluene was detected in the urine, and no radioactivity was extracted from the urine by
cyclohexane. By use of GC/mass spectroscopy and thin-layer chromatography, the following metabolites
of 14C-CT were quantified (mean % of dose): chloro-methyl-phenylmercapturic acid (22%), 2-chloro
alcohol gluconuride (41%), 2-chlorohippuric acid (19%), 2-chlorobenzyl alcohol (1%), 2-chlorobenzoic acid
(1%), 2-chlorobenzoic acid gluconuride (1%), and unidentified polar metabolites (1%).
Lilly Research Laboratories; Metabolism of o-Chlorotoluene-14C in the Rat. (1974), EPA Document No. 40-8135055,
Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
Subchronic toxicity was evaluated in groups of 40 Harlan rats (20 male and 20 female) receiving once daily
doses of o-chlorotoluene by oral gavage at dose levels of 20, 80 or 320 mg/kg body weight for 103-104
days. Mortality was observed in one male in the low dose group. Clinical observations of high dose group
animals included increased urine output, nasal discharge and bloody nasal discharge. Increased urine
output was also observed in one animal in the mid dose group, and nasal discharge in one rat in the low
dose group. A statistically significant (Dunnet's t-test, p < 0.05) decrease in weight gain was observed in
rats receiving test article at levels of 80 or 320 mg/kg. Treatment related changes were not observed in
hematology profiles or in clinical biochemistry at any dose level. Significant increases (confidence levels
not reported) were observed in the adrenal weight of males in the 80 and 320 mg/kg dose groups, and in
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the heart and testes weight of males in the 320 mg/kg dose group. Histopathological examination was
performed on tissues from the liver, kidney, heart, spleen, thyroid, adrenal, prostate, testes, uterus, ovaries,
colon, duodenum, ileum, jejunum, lungs, lymph node, mammary, pancreas, parathyroid, salivary gland,
skin, stomach, striated muscle, thymus, and urinary bladder. No histopathology was observed in any of the
tissues examined in rats from any dose group.
Lilly Research Laboratories, Toxicology Division; The Toxicity of Daily Oral Doses of o-Chlorotoluene in the Rat (1974),
EPA Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
Subchronic toxicity was evaluated in groups of 3 beagle dogs (ratio of males to females not reported)
receiving daily doses of o-chlorotoluene by gelatin capsule at levels of 5, 20 or 80 mg/kg body weight, 7
days/week for 3 months. Mortality was not observed at any dose level. Treatment related changes in body
weight, hematology, clinical biochemistry or urinalyses were not observed at any dose level. Additionally,
no test article induced changes were observed in organ weights, or in the ratio of myelocytic vs
erythrocytic cells in the bone marrow. Histopathological examination was performed on tissues from the
liver, kidney, heart, spleen, thyroid, adrenal, testes, ovaries, colon, duodenum, ileum, jejunum, lungs, lymph
node, mammary, pancreas, parathyroid, prostate, salivary gland, skin, stomach, striated muscle, thymus,
urinary bladder, and uterus. Treatment related histopathology was not observed in any tissue in dogs from
any dose group.
Lilly Research Laboratories, Toxicology Division; The Toxicity of Daily Oral Doses of o-Chlorotoluene in the Dog (1974),
EPA Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
2-Chlorotoluene was tested for diuretic effect in female Cobs/Wistar rats fed dose levels of 0, 30, 100, 300,
and 1000 mg/kg/day for 4 days. High-dose rats had a statistically significant increase in urine output 6 and
24 hours after dosing on day 3. Rats in the 300 and 1000 mg/kg dose groups had increased calcium ion
and inorganic phosphorus excretion, respectively, as determined from total 24 hour urine samples from
day 4.
Huntingdon Research Center; Orthochlorotoluene: Investigation of the Diuretic Activity After Repeated Oral
Administration in the Rat. (1985), EPA Document No. 40-8535027, Fiche No. OTS0507462
from HSDB
The diuretic effect of 2-chlorotoluene was examined in groups of 8 female Cobs/Wistar rats after repeated
oral administration. Doses of 30, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day were administered daily for 5 days. The
test article did not induce a statistically significant increase in urine output at any dose level. In urine
samples taken after 1 day of treatment, statistically significant increases in inorganic phosphate levels were
observed in the 300 mg/kg dose group (p < 0.001) and in the 1000 mg/kg dose group (p < 0.01); calcium
ion levels were significantly (p < 0.01) increased in the 300 mg/kg group. In urine samples taken after 5
days of treatment, phosphate levels were significantly (p < 0.001) increased in the 300 and 1000 mg/kg
dose groups; while calcium ion levels were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the 1000 mg/kg group.
Huntington Research Centre; Investigation of the Possible Diuretic Activity of o-Chlorotoluene After Repeated Oral
Administration in the Rat (1984), EPA Document No. 40-8535027, Fiche No. OTS0507462
from HSDB
Subchronic toxicity of 2-chlorotoluene was evaluated in rats (15 rats/sex/dose group) treated by gavage
with dose levels of 0, 100, 300, or 1000 mg/kg bw/day for 90 days. High-dose rats of both sexes had
decreased body weights and hemoglobin values and increased salivation and urination. Spleen weight
decreased and relative kidney weight increased in high-dose females and males, respectively. Mid-dose
females had decreased body weight gain. Treatment had no adverse effects with respect to mortality rate,
clinical chemistry, or urinalysis. The document summarizes this study, and no further information is
available regarding experimental method or results.
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Occidental Chemical Company; Evaluation of Subchronic Toxicity Data for Monochlorotoluene, (1983), EPA Document
No. 40-8335093, Fiche No. OTS0507456
from HSDB
O-chlorotoluene was tested for subchronic toxicity in Harlan rats (20/sex/dose group) fed dose levels of
20, 80, or 320 mg/kg bw/day by gavage for 103-104 days. Mortality was observed in one male in the low
dose group. Clinical observations of high-dose group animals included increased urine output, nasal
discharge, and bloody nasal discharge. Increased urine output was also observed in one animal in the mid-
dose group and nasal discharge in one rat in the low-dose group. A statistically significant (Dunnet's t-test,
p < 0.05) decrease in weight gain was observed in mid- and high-dose rats. Treatment related changes
were not observed in hematology profiles or in clinical biochemistry at any dose level. Significant increases
(confidence levels not reported) were observed in the adrenal weight of males in the 80 and 320 mg/kg
dose groups, and in the heart and testes weight of males in the 320 mg/kg dose group. Histopathological
examination was performed on tissues from the liver, kidney, heart, spleen, thyroid, adrenal, prostate,
testes, uterus, ovaries, colon, duodenum, ileum, jejunum, lungs, lymph node, mammary, pancreas,
parathyroid, salivary gland, skin, stomach, striated muscle, thymus, and urinary bladder. No abnormalities
were observed in any of the tissues examined in rats from any dose group.
Occidental Chemical Company; Evaluation of Subchronic Toxicity Data for Monochlorotoluene, (1983), EPA Document
No. 40-8335093, Fiche No. OTS0507456
from HSDB
Subchronic toxicity of 2-chlorotoluene was evaluated in beagle dogs (4 dogs/sex/dose group) fed the test
compound in gelatin capsules at dose levels of 50, 100, or 300 mg/kg bw/day for 90 days. Treatment had
no adverse effects with respect to hematology, blood chemistry, organ weights, or gross or histological
pathology; high-dose males had slightly decreased body weight gain. The document summarizes this
study, and no further information is available regarding experimental method or results.
Occidental Chemical Company; Evaluation of Subchronic Toxicity Data for Monochlorotoluene, (1983), EPA Document
No. 40-8335093, Fiche No. OTS0507456
from HSDB
O-chlorotoluene was tested for subchronic toxicity in groups of 3 beagle dogs (ratio of males to females
not reported) receiving dose levels of 5, 20, or 80 mg/kg bw/day, 7 days/week for 3 months. Mortality was
not observed at any dose level. Treatment-related changes in body weight, hematology, clinical
biochemistry, or urinalyses were not observed at any dose level. Additionally, no test-article induced
changes were observed in organ weights, or in the ratio of myelocytic versus erythrocytic cells in the bone
marrow. Histopathological examination was performed on tissues from the liver, kidney, heart, spleen,
thyroid, adrenal, testes, ovaries, colon, duodenum, ileum, jejunum, lungs, lymph node, mammary,
pancreas, parathyroid, prostate, salivary gland, skin, stomach, striated muscle, thymus, urinary bladder, and
uterus. Treatment-related abnormalities were not observed in any tissue in dogs from any dose group.
Occidental Chemical Company; Evaluation of Subchronic Toxicity Data for Monochlorotoluene, (1983), EPA Document
No. 40-8335093, Fiche No. OTS0507456
from HSDB
Subchronic toxicity was evaluated in groups of 8 New Zealand albino rabbits (4 male and 4 female)
receiving once daily occluded dermal applications of orthochlorotoluene at dose levels of 0.1, 0.3 or 1.0
mg/kg/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. The site of application for 1/2 of the animals of each sex for each
dose group was abraded prior to application of the first dose by using a stiff nylon brush. Mortality was
observed in one male and one female in the 0.3 mg/kg/day dose group during the treatment period.
Treatment related changes in body weight and food consumption were not observed at any dose level.
Severe dermal irritation was observed at all dose levels after repeated application; an increase in size of
the irritated area was observed with increasing dose. After 4 weeks of treatment a middle dose male and a
high dose female had slightly lowered erythrocyte counts that returned to pretreatment values following a
2 week recovery period. Hematology was normal in all other animals, and urinalysis did not reveal
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treatment related changes in any dose group. Observation of large adrenals in a low dose male, an
enlarged liver in a middle dose male, and enlarge kidneys and adrenals in a high dose male were
considered to reflect normal experimental variability. Following the recovery period, all animals were
sacrificed for necropsy and gross pathology of the abdominal and thoracic viscera was evaluated.
Histopathology was evaluated in the kidneys, liver, spleen, thyroid, heart, adrenals, gonads, cecum, thymus,
pancreas, salivary gland, lymph node, lungs, urinary bladder, gallbladder, stomach, duodenum, jejunum,
ileum colon, striated muscle, and skin. Mild skin effects were reported, while no other treatment related
pathology was observed.
Lilly Research Laboratories Toxicology Division; Subacute Dermal Toxicity of o-Chlorotoluene to Rabbits (1974), EPA
Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
Subchronic inhalation toxicity was evaluated in groups of 20 Harlan rats (10 male and 10 female) exposed
to orthochlorotoluene 1 hour/day, 5 days/week, at nominal concentrations of 33 or 62 mg/l for 3 weeks.
Mortality was observed in one female in the low dose group, and in 2 males and 3 females in the high
dose group. Slight ataxia was observed in several of the low dose group animals following each exposure,
while rats in the high dose group exhibited severe ataxia after exposure with 1/2 of the animals becoming
prostrate. Males and females in the high dose group gained less weight than control animals. Red blood
cell counts were statistically significantly (Dunnett's t-test, p < 0.05) elevated in males from both dose
groups. Two high-dose females exhibited an increase in blood urea nitrogen. Significant (p < 0.05)
increases in liver to body weight ratios were observed in both low and high-dose female rats; while dose
related increases in heart weights observed in males and females from either dose group were not
statistically significant (p > 0.05). Gross pathology was not observed in the thoracic and abdominal viscera
following necropsy; although various types of pneumonia were reported, occurring with greater frequency
in the high dose group when compared to the low dose group. Histopathology related to test article
administration was not observed in tissues from the adrenals, brain, colon, duodenum, heart, ileum,
jejunum, kidneys, liver, lungs, lymph node, mammary, ovary, pancreas, parathyroid, prostate, salivary
gland, skin, spleen, stomach, striated muscle, testis, thymus, thyroid, urinary bladder, and uterus.
Lilly Research Laboratories, Toxicology Division; Subacute Inhalational Toxicity of o-Chlorotoluene to Rats (1974), EPA
Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
Subchronic toxicity of 2-chlorotoluene was evaluated in rats (10 rats/sex/dose group) exposed to vapor
concentrations of 0, 2276, 3000, 5536, 6160, 8304, 9240, 11072, or 12320 mg/kg/day, 6 hours/day for 14
days. Treatment increased mortality rate (males - 11072; females - 9240 and 12,320 mg/kg); salivation,
lacrimation, CNS depression, and ataxia (males - 5536, 8304, and 11,072; females - 6160, 9240, and 12320
mg/kg); water consumption (all groups, especially severe in males); urine volume (all males; females -
12320 mg/kg); SAP, SGPT, blood protein, and cholesterol levels (all groups); PVC and Hb levels (all males);
relative liver and kidney weights (all males; females - 9240, 11072, and 12320 mg/kg). Treatment
decreased body weights (males - 2766-11072; females - 5536-11072 mg/kg) and spleen weights (males -
9240, 11072, and 12320; females - 11072 and 12320 mg/kg). Females exposed to 12320 mg/kg had
centrilobular hepatocyte enlargement. The document summarizes this study, and no further information is
available regarding experimental method or results.
Occidental Chemical Company; Evaluation of Subchronic Toxicity Data for Monochlorotoluene, (1983), EPA Document
No. 40-8335093, Fiche No. OTS0507456
from HSDB
Subchronic toxicity of 2-chlorotoluene was evaluated in rats (10 rats/sex/dose group) exposed to vapor
concentrations of 0, 790, or 1482 mg/kg/day, 1 hour/day, 5 days week for 21 days. Treatment increased
mortality rate (high-dose, both sexes), incidence of slight ataxia (low-dose, both sexes), incidence of severe
ataxia with collapse (high-dose, both sexes), relative liver weights (all females), and levels of red blood cell
parameters (all males), and decreased body weight gain (all males, high-dose females). No histological
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abnormalities were observed. The document summarizes this study, and no further information is available
regarding experimental method or results.
Occidental Chemical Company; Evaluation of Subchronic Toxicity Data for Monochlorotoluene, (1983), EPA Document
No. 40-8335093, Fiche No. OTS0507456
from HSDB
from HSDB
2-Chlorotoluene (95-49-8) was evaluated for its effects on pregnancy and development in groups of 25
female rats exposed to the test substance by inhalation for 6 hours/day on days 6-19 of gestation at
concentrations of 0, 1, 3, and 9 mg/liter in air. Animals were sacrificed on day 20 of gestation. Rats at 3
mg/L showed slight ataxia and those at 9 mg/L showed slight to moderate ataxia during exposure. Food
consumption at 9 mg/L was significantly reduced (p<0.05). Mean water consumption at 3 and 9 mg/L was
significantly increased. Body weight gains at 9 mg/L were markedly reduced and slightly reduced at 3
mg/L. Litter and fetal weights were significantly reduced at 9 mg/l (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively). Rats
at 9 mg/L showed an increased incidence of malformations, skeletal anomalies and skeletal variants.
Occidental Chemical Corp.; Initial Submission: Effect of 2-Chlorotoluene Vapor on Pregnancy of the Rat (Final Report)
with Attachments and Cover Letter Dated 022192, (1982), EPA Doc. No. 88-920001116, Fiche No. OTS0537014
from HSDB
Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in groups of 20 Harlan rats (10 male and 10 female) administered single
doses of undiluted o-chlorotoluene by oral gavage at levels of 2.165, 2.706, 3.284 or 3.951 g/kg body
weight. Mortality was observed in 2 males and 2 females in the 2.165 g/kg dose group, in 1 male and 1
female in the 2.706 g/kg dose group, in 7 males and 6 females in the 3.284 g/kg dose group, and in 5
males and 9 females in the 3.951 g/kg dose group. The LD50 was calculated to be 3.464 g/kg (+ - 0.430
g/kg) in males, and 3.031 g/kg (+ - 0.220 g/kg) in females. Clinical observations included hypoactivity,
salivation, leg weakness, severe ataxia, decreased-labored respiration, ptosis, loss of righting reflex, and
diuresis. By day 5 rats appeared normal. Gross necropsy of survivors in the high dose group at 14 days did
not reveal test article induced pathology.
Lilly Research Laboratories Toxicology Division; The Effects on Laboratory Animals from Single Exposures to
o-Chlorotoluene (1974), EPA Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in groups of 10 newborn Harlan rats (males and females; 48-72 hours
old) administered a single dose of o-chlorotoluene by oral gavage at levels of 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 1.4 or 2.0 g/kg
body weight. Mortality was observed in one animal in the 0.7 g/kg dose group, in 2 animals in the 1.0 g/kg
dose group, in 1 animal in the 1.4 g/kg dose group, and in 8 animals in the 2.0 g/kg dose group. The LD50
was calculated to be 1.659 g/kg (+ - 0.225 g/kg). Clinical observations included hypoactivity and tremors
at the three highest dose levels, paleness, and respiratory depression; all survivors recovered from these
symptoms within 72 hours following dose administration. Gross necropsy of high dose group survivors at
14 days did not reveal test article induced pathology.
Lilly Research Laboratories Toxicology Division; The Effects on Laboratory Animals from Single Exposures to
o-Chlorotoluene (1974), EPA Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
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Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in 2 male and 2 female mongrel cats administered a single dose of
undiluted o-chlorotoluene in capsules at a level of 0.5 g/kg body weight. Mortality was not observed in
any animal, and the LD50 was reported to be greater than 0.5 g/kg. Clinical observations included
vomiting, ataxia, and anorexia, while body weights did not vary significantly during treatment or a 14 day
observation period.
Lilly Research Laboratories Toxicology Division; The Effects on Laboratory Animals from Single Exposures to
o-Chlorotoluene (1974), EPA Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in 2 male and 2 female beagle dogs administered a single dose of
undiluted o-chlorotoluene in capsules at a level of 1.083 g/kg body weight. Mortality was not observed in
any animal, and the LD50 was reported to be greater than 1.083 g/kg. Clinical observations included
vomiting, while body weights did not vary significantly from controls during treatment or a 14 day
observation period.
Lilly Research Laboratories Toxicology Division; The Effects on Laboratory Animals from Single Exposures to
o-Chlorotoluene (1974), EPA Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in groups of 20 ICR mice (10 male and 10 female) administered a single
dose of o-chlorotoluene by oral gavage at levels of 2.25, 2.75, 3.3, 4.0 or 5.0 g/kg. Mortality was observed
in 1 male and 3 females in the 2.75 g/kg group, in 3 males and 2 females in the 3.3 g/kg group, in 7 males
and 5 females in the 4.0 g/kg group, and in 8 males and 8 females in the 5.0 g/kg group. The LD50 was
calculated to be 3.776 g/kg (+ - 0.213 g/kg) in males, and 3.9 g/kg (+ - 0.284 g/kg) in females, by the Bliss
method. Clinical observations included loss of the righting reflex, diuresis, and hypoactivity. Gross
necropsy of survivors from the highest and next highest dose group at 14 days did not reveal test article
induced pathology.
Lilly Research Laboratories Toxicology Division; The Effects on Laboratory Animals from Single Exposures to
o-Chlorotoluene (1974), EPA Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
Acute dermal toxicity was evaluated in 3 male and 3 female New Zealand albino rabbits administered a
single occluded dose of undiluted o-chlorotoluene to abraded (3 animals) and non-abraded (3 animals)
skin at a level of 2.165 g/kg body weight. The occlusive bandage was removed after 24 hours of exposure.
Mortality was not observed in any animal, and the LD50 was reported to be greater than 2.165 g/kg.
Indications of systemic toxicity were not observed. A slight amount of edema and erythema was observed
at the application site which healed during the observation period (13 days).
Lilly Research Laboratories Toxicology Division; The Effects on Laboratory Animals from Single Exposures to
o-Chlorotoluene (1974), EPA Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
Acute inhalation toxicity was evaluated in 10 male Swiss mice, 10 male albino Dublin D.R. rats, and 10 male
Hartley guinea pigs exposed to orthochlorotoluene at a nominal concentration of 22.2 mg/l for 6 hours.
The test atmosphere was generated by passing orthochlorotoluene through a positive pressure spray
nozzle at a calculated rate. Mortality was observed in all mice and rats, and in 7 guinea pigs during
exposure; additionally, one of the surviving guinea pigs died within 12 to 15 hours of the exposure period.
The LT50 (time to lethality) values were estimated by the method of Litchfield and Wilcoxon to be 235
minutes for mice (within 218-254 min. confidence limit), 205 minutes for rats (within 170-246 min.
confidence limit), and 300 minutes for guinea pigs (within 211-426 min. confidence limit). Clinical
observations in mice included gasping, ataxia and convulsions within 30 minutes of exposure. Clinical
observations in rats and guinea pigs included gasping, hypopnea, ataxia, and convulsions within 45
minutes of exposure. All animals were comatose and prostrate within 60 minutes of exposure. On gross
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necropsy, pulmonary hemorrhage was observed in all rats, while no tissue alterations were observed in
mice or guinea pigs.
Hazleton Laboratories, Inc.; Acute Inhalation Exposure - Rats, Mice, and Guinea Pigs (1966), EPA Document No.
878213815, Fiche No. OTS0206449
from HSDB
Acute inhalation toxicity was evaluated in 10 male and 10 female Harlan rats receiving head only exposure
to undiluted o-chlorotoluene at a nominal concentration of 63.9 mg/l for 1 hour. Mortality was not
observed in any animal, and the LC50 was reported to be greater than 63.9 mg/l. No indications of toxicity
were observed during treatment or during the subsequent 14 day observation period.
Lilly Research Laboratories Toxicology Division; The Effects on Laboratory Animals from Single Exposures to
o-Chlorotoluene (1974), EPA Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in groups of 10 chickens, quail, and ducks (5 male and 5 female)
receiving a single dose of undiluted o-chlorotoluene by gavage (chickens and ducks) or by capsules (quail)
at levels of 2.71 or 5.41 g/kg body weight. Mortality was observed in 3 male and 2 female chickens in the
high dose group; the LD50 was reported to be approximately 5 g/kg in chickens, and greater than 5.41
g/kg in quail and ducks. Clinical observations included ataxia in chickens, and hypoactivity and anorexia in
chickens, quail and ducks.
Lilly Research Laboratories Toxicology Division; The Effects on Laboratory Animals from Single Exposures to
o-Chlorotoluene (1974), EPA Document No. 40-8135055, Fiche No. OTS0507354
from HSDB
o-Chlorotoluene (CAS # 95-49-8) was evaluated for acute dermal toxicity. The test substance was
administered undiluted to the occluded-skin of guinea pigs (number and sex not reported) for 24-hours.
There was evidence of systemic toxicity, but the LD50 was greater than 10 cc/kg, the highest dose tested.
No further information was submitted.
EASTMAN KODAK CO; Toxicity and Health Hazard Summary With Cover Letters; 01/21/74; EPA Doc No. 878214408;
Fiche No. OTS0206564
from HSDB
o-Chlorotoluene (95-49-8) was evaluated for acute inhalation toxicity. The test substance was
administered to groups of 10 male Swiss mice for 6-hours at a concentration of 22.2 mg/l. The LT50 value
was 235 minutes. Clinical signs included gasping, ataxia, and convulsions within 30 minutes after exposure.
All the animals were prostate and comatose at 60 minutes. For the remainder of the exposure, mice were
in a comatose state with gasping, hypopnea, and prolonged apnea preceding death. All of the mice
succumbed during exposure. Gross necropsy showed no significant organ alterations.
E I DUPONT DENEMOURS & CO INC; Acute Inhalation Exposure - Rats, Mice, and Guinea Pigs Primary Skin Irritation -
Rabbits Acute Eye Irritation - Rabbits Orthochlorotoluene Prepared By Hazelton Labs Inc; 06/01/66; EPA Doc No.
878213815; Fiche No. OTS0206449
from HSDB
o-Chlorotoluene (95-49-8) was evaluated for acute inhalation toxicity. The test substance was
administered to groups of 10 male Hartley guinea pigs for 6-hours at a concentration of 22.2 mg/l. The
LT50 value was 300 minutes. Clinical signs included gasping, hypopnea, ataxia, and convulsions within 45
minutes. All the animals were prostate and comatose at 60 minutes. For the remainder of the exposure,
guinea pigs were in a comatose state with gasping, hypopnea, and prolonged apnea. Seven of the 10
guinea pigs succumbed during exposure. One survivor died during the period 12-15 hours after exposure,
and 2 animals survived the 14-day observation period. Gross necropsy showed no significant organ
alterations.
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E I DUPONT DENEMOURS & CO INC; Acute Inhalation Exposure - Rats, Mice, and Guinea Pigs Primary Skin Irritation -
Rabbits Acute Eye Irritation - Rabbits Orthochlorotoluene Prepared By Hazelton Labs Inc; 06/01/66; EPA Doc No.
878213815; Fiche No. OTS0206449
from HSDB
Exposure flow-through, 48 hr
Number/Group
The LC50 value for 48 hours with the 95% confidence interval level
Results were 1.1 mg/L and 1.0 - 1.2 mg/L, respectively. The no discernible
effect concentration through 48 hours was 0.45 mg/L.
Exposure flow-through, 96 hr
Number/Group
The LC50 value and its 95% confidence interval was calculated to be
Results 7.5 mg/L and 6.1 to 9.8 mg/L, respectively. The no discernible effect
concentration through 96 hours was 1.8 mg/L.
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Number/Group
The 96-hour LC50 and its 95% confidence interval for the test material
was determined to be 2.3 mg/L and 1.8 to 3.0 mg/L, respectively. The
no discernible effect concentration through 96 hours was determined
Results
to be 0.76 mg/L. This is the highest concentration tested at which
there were no mortalities or observed behavioral and/or physical
abnormalities.
The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms. This substance may be hazardous to the environment.
Special attention should be given to crustacea and fish.
from ILO-ICSC
2-Chlorotoluene may be released to the environment in emissions and effluents from sites of its
manufacture or industrial use, from venting during storage and transport, and from disposal of industrial
waste products which contain this compound (ie. spent solvent). If released to the atmosphere,
2-chlorotoluene will exist solely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere based on a measured
vapor pressure of 3.43 mm Hg at 25 deg C. Vapor-phase 2-chlorotoluene is degraded in the atmosphere
by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals with a half-life of about 9 days. Measured
Koc values from 170-880 indicate that 2-chlorotoluene may have low to moderate mobility in soil.
Volatilization from moist and dry soil surfaces may occur based on a measured Henry's Law constant of
3.57X10-3 atm-cu m/mole and 2-chlorotoluene's measured vapor pressure, respectively. Based on limited
data, 2-chlorotoluene may be resistant to biodegradation. A second order rate constant for the microbial
degradation of 2-chlorotoluene in natural water was experimentally determined to be 2.7X10-11
L/organism-hr. At 100 ppm, 2-chlorotoluene showed only 0-<30% biodegradation in 14 days using an
activated sludge inoculum. However, a microbial consortium of 10 different bacteria and 2 fungi was able
to degrade 2-chlorotoluene at a concentration of 200 mg/l; complete biodegradation occurred in 3 days.
2-Chlorotoluene may adsorb to sediment and suspended matter in water based on its measured Koc
values. This compound may volatilize from water surfaces given its Henry's Law constant. Estimated half-
lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively. BCF values from 20-112,
measured in carp, indicate that 2-chlorotoluene may bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms. The general
population may be exposed to 2-chlorotoluene by inhalation of contaminated air or ingestion of
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contaminated drinking water. Workers involved in the manufacture, use, packaging, or transport of this
compound may be exposed by inhalation and/or dermal contact. (SRC)
from HSDB
2-Chlorotoluene's production and use as a solvent and intermediate in the synthesis of other organic
chemicals, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and synthetic rubber chemicals(1) may result in its release to the
environment through various waste streams(SRC).
(1) ACGIH; Documentation of the Threshold Limit Value and Biological Exposure Indices 5th ed Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH
pp. 95-6 (1986)
from HSDB
TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), measured Koc values from 170-880
(2) indicate that 2-chlorotoluene will have low to moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of
2-chlorotoluene may be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given a measured Henry's Law constant
of 3.57X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(3) and from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on an experimental vapor pressure
of 3.43 mm Hg(SRC), determined from experimentally-derived coefficients(4). Based on limited data,
2-chlorotoluene may be resistant to biodegradation(SRC). At 100 ppm, 2-chlorotoluene showed only 0(5)
-<30%(6) biodegradation in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum. However, a microbial blend of 10
different bacteria and 2 fungi was able to degrade 2-chlorotoluene at a concentration of 200 mg/l;
complete biodegradation occurred in 3 days(7).
(1) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 23 (1983) (2) Banerjee P et al; Chemosphere 14: 1057-67 (1985) (3) Leighton DTJR,
Calo JM; J Chem Eng 26: 382-5 (1981) (4) Daubert TE, Danner RP; Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure
Chemicals: Data Compilation, NY: Hemisphere Pub Corp (1991) (5) Kondo M et al; Eisei Kagaku 34: 188-95 (1988) (5)
Kawasaki M; Ecotox Environ Safet 4: 444-54 (1980) (6) Chemicals Inspection and Testing Institute; Japan Chemical
Industry Ecology-Toxicology and Information Center. ISBN 4-89074-101-1. (1992) (7) Paris DF et al; Amer Chem Soc,
Div Environ Chem Preprint 180th Natl Mtg 20: 55-6 (1980)
from HSDB
AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), measured Koc values from 170-880(2)
indicates that 2-chlorotoluene may adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Based on
limited data, 2-chlorotoluene may be resistant to aerobic biodegradation(SRC). A second order rate
constant for the microbial degradation of 2-chlorotoluene in natural water was experimentally determined
to be 2.7X10-11 L/organism-hr(8). At 100 ppm, 2-chlorotoluene showed only 0(3)-<30%(4) biodegradation
in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum. However, a microbial blend of 10 different bacteria and 2
fungi was able to degrade 2-chlorotoluene at a concentration of 200 mg/l; complete biodegradation
occurred in 3 days(5). 2-Chlorotoluene should volatilize from water surfaces based on a measured Henry's
Law constant of 3.57X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(6). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4
hours and 5 days, respectively(1,SRC). BCF values from 20-112(3), measured in carp, indicate that
2-chlorotoluene may moderately bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC), according to a recommended
classification scheme(7).
(1) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 4-9,
5-4, 5-10, 15-1 to 15-29 (1990) (2) Banerjee P et al; Chemosphere 14: 1057-67 (1985) (3) Chemicals Inspection and
Testing Institute; Japan Chemical Industry Ecology-Toxicology and Information Center. ISBN 4-89074-101-1 (1992) (4)
Kawasaki M; Ecotox Environ Safet 4: 444-54 (1980) (5) Paris DF et al; Amer Chem Soc, Div Environ Chem Preprint
180th Natl Mtg 20: 55-6 (1980) (6) Leighton DTJR, Calo JM; J Chem Eng 26: 382-5 (1981) (7) Franke C et al;
Chemosphere 29: 1501-14 (1994) (8) Paris DF et al; Amer Chem Soc, Div Environ Chem Preprint 180th Natl Mtg 20:
55-6 (1980)
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from HSDB
from HSDB
11.3.5 Biodegredation
In the Japanese MITI test, using an initial concn of 100 ppm 2-chlorotoluene, <30% of the theoretical BOD
was reached in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum(1,2). In the modified MITI test, using an initial
concentration of 100 ppm 2-chlorotoluene, 0% of the theoretical BOD was reached in 14 days(3). A second
order rate constant for the microbial degradation of 2-chlorotoluene in natural water was experimentally
determined to be 2.7X10-11 L/organism-hr(4). Microorganisms capable of degrading 2-chlorotolune were
isolated from soil samples collected at a landfill site used for the disposal of chlorinated organic wastes(5).
A microbial blend of 10 different bacteria and 2 fungi was used to degrade 2-chlorotoluene at a
concentration of 200 mg/l; complete biodegradation occurred in 3 days(6).
(1) Kawasaki M; Ecotox Environ Safet 4: 444-54 (1980) (2) Sasaki S; pp. 283-98 in Aquatic Pollutants: Transformation
and Biological Effects; Hutzinger O et al eds Oxford: Pergamon Press (1978) (3) Chemicals Inspection and Testing
Institute; Japan Chemical Industry Ecology-Toxicology and Information Center. ISBN 4-89074-101-1 (1992) (4) Paris
DF et al; Amer Chem Soc, Div Environ Chem Preprint 180th Natl Mtg 20: 55-6 (1980) (5) Vandenbergh PA et al; Appl
Environ Microbio 42: 737-9 (1981) (6) Goulding C et al; J Appl Bacteriol 65: 1-5 (1988)
from HSDB
from HSDB
11.3.7 Bioconcentration
Carp exposed to 2-chlorotoluene at 0.045 and 0.45 mg/L had measured BCF values of 20-112 and
41.6-87.2, respectively(1). An estimated BCF value of 230 was calculated for 2-chlorotoluene(SRC), using a
measured log Kow of 3.42(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3). According to a
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recommended classification scheme(4), these BCF values suggest that bioconcentration of 2-chlorotoluene
in aquatic organisms may occur(SRC).
(1) Chemicals Inspection and Testing Institute; Japan Chemical Industry Ecology-Toxicology and Information Center.
ISBN 4-89074-101-1 (1992) (2) Hansch C, Leo AJ; Medchem Project Issue No. 26 Claremont, CA: Pomona College
(1985) (3) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington DC: Amer Chem Soc pp.
5-4, 5-10 (1990) (4) Franke C et al; Chemosphere 29: 1501-14 (1994)
from HSDB
Measured soil adsorption coefficients (Koc) for 2-chlorotoluene ranged between 170-880, the average
value was 370(1). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), these Koc values suggest that
2-chlorotoluene will have low to moderate mobility in soil(2,SRC).
(1) Banerjee P et al; Chemosphere 14: 1057-67 (1985) (2) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 17-28 (1983)
from HSDB
An experimental marine mesocosm was set up under simulated winter conditions (3-7 deg C), with an
initial 2-chlorotoluene concn of 2.3 ug/l; using monitoring data, the half-life of 2-chlorotoluene was
estimated to be 12 days(1). Volatilization appeared to be the dominant removal mechanism. Volatilization
in a bay or ocean should be significantly faster (perhaps up to an order of magnitude)(SRC) since
turbulence in the mesocosm was substantially less than is found in bays or open oceans(1). The Henry's
Law constant for 2-chlorotoluene was measured as 3.57X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(2). This value indicates that
2-chlorotoluene will volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the
volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated
as approximately 4 hours(3,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05
m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 5 days(3,SRC). 2-Chlorotoluene's
experimental value for vapor pressure(4) and its measured Henry's Law constant(2) indicate that
volatilization from dry and moist soil surfaces, respectively, is likely(SRC).
(1) Wakeham SG et al; Environ Sci Tech 17: 611-7 (1983) (2) Leighton DTJR, Calo JM; J Chem Eng 26: 382-5 (1981) (3)
Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 15-1 to 15-
29 (1990) (4) Daubert TE, Danner RP; Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals: Data Compilation,
NY: Hemisphere Pub Corp (1991)
from HSDB
DRINKING WATER: Drinking water concentrates: Oct 1978, Cincinnati, OH - 1.6-2.0 ng/l; Feb 1976, Miami,
FL - 1.2 ng/l; Nov 1976, Seattle, WA - 0.1-0.2 ng/l(1).
(1) Lucas SV; GC/MS Analysis of Organics in Drinking Water Concentrates and Advanced Waste Treatment
Concentrates Vol. 2 p. 57 USEPA-600/1-84-020B NTIS PB85-128239 (1984)
from HSDB
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GROUNDWATER: As of June 30, 1984 - Wisconsin, 1174 community wells, 0.09% pos, 617 private wells, 0%
pos, detection limit 1.0-5.0 ug/l(1). During 1981-1982, 945 wells scattered throughout the USA, 0.1% pos,
concn detected 2.4 ug/l, detection limit 0.2-0.5 ug/l(2). The Biscayne Aquifer sites in northeast Dade
County, FL were found to be contaminated with 2-chlorotoluene at a maximum concentration of 97 ug/l
(3).
(1) Krill RM, Sonzogni WC; J Am Water Works Assoc 78: 70-5 (1986) (2) Westrick JJ et al; J Am Water Works Assoc 76:
52-9 (1984) (3) Canter LW, Sabatini DA; Intern J Environ Studies 46: 35-57 (1994)
from HSDB
SURFACE WATER: Delaware River, winter - 3 ug/l, summer - not detected(1). Identified in the Niagara River
(2). 1976, River Maas at Eysden (The Netherlands), concn range not detected-0.1 ug/l(1). 1976, River Maas
at Keizersveer (The Netherlands), median concn- not detected, concn range not detected to 0.1 ug/l
(detection limit not specified)(1). 1977-1979 Detected in the river Rhine(3). Detected in Rhine water at a
concentration >1 ug/l, but was not identified in related tap-water (water treated by bank filtration)(4).
(1) Verschueren K; Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals 2nd ed NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold pp.
386-7 (1983) (2) Great Lakes Water Quality Board; p. 59 in An Inventory of Chemical Substances Identified in the Great
Lakes Ecosystem Vol. 1- Summary Ontario, Canada: Great Lakes Quality Board (1983) (3) Malle KG; Z Wasser-
Abwasser-Forsch 17: 75-81 (1984) (4) Piet GJ, Morra CF; pp. 31-42 in Artificial Groundwater Recharge (Water Resource
Engineering Series); Huisman L, Olsthorn TN eds MA: Pitman Pub (1983)
from HSDB
Advances waste treatment concentrates from publicly owned treatment works: Jan-Feb 1976, Orange
County, CA - 0.2 ng/l; July 1975, Escondido, CA - 0.2 ng/l(1). Detected in the raw influent to a textile
finishing plant waste treatment system, but not found in the final effluent(2). Identified in effluent from an
organics and plastic industry and an organic chemical industry(3). Detected in chlorinated leachate from a
simulated landfill lysimeter used to study codisposal of metal plating sludge with municipal solid waste(4).
Identified as a principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) in the emissions from an incinerator test
burn(5).
(1) Lucas SV; GC/MS Analysis of Organics in Drinking Water Concentrates and Advanced Waste Treatment
Concentrates Vol. 2 p. 155 USEPA-600/1-84-020B NTIS PB85-128239 (1984) (2) Gordon AW, Gordon M; Trans KY
Acad Sci 42: 149-57 (1981) (3) Bursey JT, Pellizzari ED; Analysis of Industrial Wastewater for Organic Pollutants in
Consent Decree Survey p. 86 USEPA contract No. 68-03-2867 (1982) (4) Gould JP et al; Water Chlorination: Environ
Impact Health Eff 4: 525-39 (1983) (5) James RH et al; J Proc - APCA 77th Annual Mtg June 24-9, 1984 Paper 84-18
(1984)
from HSDB
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July-Aug 1981, New Jersey program on Airborne Toxic Elements and Organic Substances (ATEOS),
detection limit 0.005 ppb: Newark, NJ, 38 samples, 76% pos, mean concn 0.02 ppb; Elizabeth, NJ, 37
samples, 49% pos, mean concn 0.02 ppb; Camden, NJ, 35 samples, 89% pos, mean concn 0.01 ppb(1). Jan-
Feb 1982, NJ ATEOS program, detection limit 0.005 ppb, Newark, NJ, 28 samples, 89% pos, mean concn
0.03 ppb; Elizabeth, NJ, 38 samples, 76% pos, mean concn 0.02 ppb; Camden, NJ, 37 samples, 62% pos,
mean concn 0.01 ppb(1). During 1983-84, detected in air samples collected at 6 hazardous waste sites in
NJ, mean concn range not detected-0.40 ppb (detection limit 0.10 ppb), and one sanitary landfill in NJ,
mean concn 0.02 ppb(2). Air in the vicinity of leachate pools at 2 abandoned hazardous waste sites in NJ,
mean concn range 0.06-0.44 ppb(2). Chlorotoluene isomers (o-, m-, and p-): Love Canal in Niagara Falls,
NY, 15 samples, 80% pos, concn range trace-12,274 ng/cu m(3); Love Canal, 10 samples, 50% pos, concn
range <0.010-1.64 ng/cu m(4); Baton Rouge, LA, 11 samples, 9% pos, 35 ng/cu m(3).
(1) Harkov R et al; Sci Tot Environ 38: 259-74 (1984) (2) Harkov R et al; J Environ Sci H 20: 491-501 (1985) (3) Pellizzari
ED et al; Formulation of Preliminary Assessment of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Man and Environmental
Media pp. 55,72 USEPA-560/13-79-006 (1979) (4) VanTassel S et al; Anal Chem 53: 2130-5 (1981)
from HSDB
The general population may be exposed to o-chlorotoluene by inhalation of contaminated air or ingestion
of contaminated drinking water(1,2,3,SRC). Workers involved in the manufacture, use, packaging, or
transport of this compound may be exposed by inhalation and/or dermal contact(4,SRC).
(1) Harkov R et al; Sci Tot Environ 38: 259-74 (1984) (2) Pellizzari ED et al; Formulation of Preliminary Assessment of
Halogenated Organic Compounds in Man and Environmental Media pp. 55,57,72 USEPA-560/13-79-006 (1979) (3)
Lucas SV; GC/MS Analysis of Organics in Drinking Water Concentrates and Advanced Waste Treatment Concentrates
Vol 2 p. 57 USEPA-600/1-84-020B NTIS PB85-128239 (1984) (4) ACGIH; Documentation of the Threshold Limit Value
and Biological Exposure Indices 5th ed Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH pp. 95-6 (1986)
from HSDB
NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 11,618 workers (963 of these are female)
are potentially exposed to 2-chlorotoluene in the USA(1).
(1) NIOSH; National Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES) (1983)
from HSDB
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12 Literature
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from PubChem
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13 Patents
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15 Classification
15.1 Ontologies
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16 Information Sources
1. CAMEO Chemicals /source/CAMEO Chemicals
O-chlorotoluene
https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/12136 https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/12136
2. ChemIDplus /source/ChemIDplus
2-Chlorotoluene
https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/sid/0000095498 https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/sid/0000095498
3. EPA Chemicals under the TSCA /source/EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
Benzene, 1-chloro-2-methyl-
http://www.epa.gov/chemical-data-reporting http://www.epa.gov/chemical-data-reporting
2-Chlorotoluene
http://www.epa.gov/chemicals-under-tsca http://www.epa.gov/chemicals-under-tsca
6. ILO-ICSC /source/ILO-ICSC
2-CHLOROTOLUENE
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?p_card_id=1458 http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?
p_card_id=1458
8. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH /source/The
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
Toluene, o-chloro-
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/XS895440.html https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/XS895440.html
o-Chlorotoluene
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0135.html https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0135.html
9. NJDOH RTK Hazardous Substance List /source/NJDOH RTK Hazardous Substance List
o-chlorotoluene
http://nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb/documents/fs/1425.pdf http://nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb/documents/fs/1425.pdf
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17. PubChem
Data deposited in or computed by PubChem
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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