COMPARE AND ANALYZE THE NETWORK PERFORMANCE

FOR UNICITY ALAM USING 802.11 AND NSTREAM

VERSION 2

by

YUGESWARAN VARATHARAJOO

Report submitteed in partial fulfilment

of the requirement for the degree
of Bachelor of Engineering Technology (Honor)
Electronic Network Design

NOVEMBER 2017
CHAPTER 1 .............................................................................................................................................

INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................

1.1 Project background .......................................................................................................................

1.2 Problem statement .........................................................................................................................

1.3 Objectives of project .....................................................................................................................

1.4 Scope of project ............................................................................................................................

 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project background

The year 1995 is considered the beginning of the internet age in Malaysia. Nowadays
importance of internet towards education has introduced improvements in enhance lessons,
study and research, communication and also accessibility. Widespread use of internet has
opened up a substantial amount of knowledge to much broader range of people than ever
before.

Internet has Enhance Lessons by lectures can make use of internet by giving students
extra resources and material from the internet, such as interactive lessons and educational
games. Many college courses use a hybrid model where many lessons are done online,
requiring fewer in class meetings. Test, homework, collaboration with students and research
can all be done from any computer with internet access. Even for non-hybrid classes, the
internet is used as an addition to normal studies.

The Study and research on internet contains a wealth of knowledge that is available
instantly upon any search. Because of this, the internet has super seeded libraries as a source
for information gathering and research. Many lectures will now ask students to visit specific
websites to study from home, and online encyclopaedias provide masses of knowledge on
almost every topic imaginable.

The variety of sources allows students to pursue subjects in much greater detail rather
than being limited to whatever the teacher sends home.

It used to be that students that forgot work, missed a lecture or couldnt remember an
assignment were out of luck until talking face to face with a teacher or a classmate. However,
the internet allows Communication instantaneous connection to classmate and teacher.
Improving communication between students and teachers allow teachers to assist students
without having to stay after class. It also allows for students to have greater effiency when
working on projects with their peers when everyone cannot attend or asking for clarification
when something is unclear.

These typically come in form of lectures on video, but some also have notes attached.
This means there is easy access to plenty of free lectures. The internet also makes education
accessible to impoverished communities.

Website provides facility to help those who need a little modification to the content of
this page can be read in its best condition. This is to meet the goals of the W3C Web
Accessibility Initiative (WAI) in which to make websites accessible to Persons with
Disabilities (PWDs) with appropriate facilities.
 Wireless network transformed our lives and ways to connect to the internet or another
network seemingly and transparently, provided one is under the umbrella of an access point.

802.11 is the term wireless is generic, wireless can be also defined as ultrasonic
(sound) or infrared (light) wave communication between two devices when wireless is used
in the context of radio wave (the portion of known spectrum between sound and light waves)
communication dozens of issues come into play most them regulatory and technical.

In term of networking, wireless technology replaces the patch cables, patch panels
hubs and network adapters or hardwiring between a computer, printer or similar device and
another or replace larger scale common network equipment with a different style of network
adapter essentially a data radio perhaps an additional external antenna and the air waves.

The purpose implementing this project is because poor performance on network wifi
connectivity. The discovery of reason slow internet wifi access is because many student use
virtual private network to download movies and play online games for their satisfaction, and
ignoring other students who wants to revision access. Beside that today image and video are
high definition of colour quality size of the file. Document downloaded from lecture notes
corrupted.

One of the pertinent challenger are network is slow. It is difficult to design a computer
free of security flaws because of economic and design constraint. These problem have created
the necessity of an suggesting better solution for design network which may provide some
protocol by improvising network performance.

The final result of this project, we will provided the good connectivity to all user and
there are no disturbance of connectivity although in poor bandwidth. The user can uses the
connectivity with no limits data and time to give them satisfaction.
1.2 Problem Statement

Based on the observation increasing number of student and Unimap staff.

Many users at Uniciti Alam uses many application on Notebook, Android and IoS.
Student uses Virtual Private Network to break access on Unicity Wifi security.
The limitation of network routers physical constraints. Which are delay, attenuation
and bandwidth limitation.
The lack of network configuration at Uniciti Alam does not have any specific
topology. All routers at the campuss building are arrange randomly.
Over lapping channels happens occasionally.

1.3 Objective

To design a network for Unicity Campus

To compare and Analyze the performance using 802.11 and Nstream Version 2

1.4 Project Scope

An internet user has access to a wide variety of service, including email, file transfer , access to
potentially vast information resources , multimedia , shopping opportunities , breaking news and
interactive collaboration . In this study I attempt to asses the use of these internet resource and
tools by student and lectures at Unicity Alam, University Malaysia Perlis.

The study here will be focused on deploying virtual local area network performance on wireless with
using virtual access point technology , and then to give recommend the amount of virtual local area
network on Mikrotik with virtual access point technology.

Testing need to know the performance of virtual area network vlan in the network wireless testing
need to be done by comparing the performance of the use of virtual ap and wireless lan ,
measurement based on the parameter of throughput , datagram loss and delay to measure
performance in wirelass vlan using the tdma method.

The reading is measured with Mikrotik RB951U1-2HnD wireless type 802.11n

 CHAPTER 2

LITERETURE REVIEW

LITERATURE REVIEW

The Facts

A wireless access point (AP) is both a transmitter and receiver (transceiver) device used for wireless
LAN (WLAN) radio signals.
A wireless channel is the band of RF used for wireless communication.
Many different strategies and protocols are used to secure wireless transmissions, including Wired
Equivalent Privacy (WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), and 802.1X.
The 802.11 wireless standards can differ in terms of speed, transmission ranges, and frequency
used.
802.11 wireless standards use the CSMA/CA access method.

Key Terms

Ad hoc
AP
Authentication
Beaconing
BSSID
Channel
ESS
ESSID
Infrastructure
RADIUS
SSID
TKIP
Topology
WEP
WPA

Explain 802.11

IEEE 802.11 is a set of media access control (MAC) and physical layer(PHY) specifications for
implementing wireless local area network(WLAN) computer communication in the 900 MHz and
2.4, 3.6, 5, and 60 GHz frequency bands. They are created and maintained by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) LAN/MANStandards Committee (IEEE 802). The
base version of the standard was released in 1997, and has had subsequent amendments. The
standard and amendments provide the basis for wireless network products using the Wi-
Fi brand. While each amendment is officially revoked when it is incorporated in the latest version
of the standard, the corporate world tends to market to the revisions because they concisely
denote capabilities of their products. As a result, in the marketplace, each revision tends to
become its own standard.

802.11n

IEEE 802.11n Standard

- IEEE 802.11 n Wi-Fi / WLAN standard uses technologies including OFDM
and MIMO to enable it to provide high speed data transport at 600 Mbps
peak.
Once Wi-Fi standards including 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g were established, work
commenced on looking at how the raw data speeds provided by Wi-Fi, 802.11 networks could be
increased still further. The result was that in January 2004, the IEEE announced that it had
formed a new committee to develop the new high speed, IEEE 802.11 n standard.
The industry came to a substantive agreement about the features for 802.11n in early 2006. This
gave many chip manufacturers sufficient information to get their developments under way. The
draft is expected to be finalized in November 2008 with its formal publication in July 2009.
However many products are already available on the market. Manufacturers are now releasing
products based on the early or draft versions of the specifications assuming that the changes will
only be minor in their scope.
With the improved performance offered by 802.11n, the standard soon became widespread with
many products offered for sale and use. Although initially few Wi-Fi hotspots offered the
standard, 802.11n devices were compatible and able to work with the 802.11b and 802.11g
based hotspots.

Basic specification for the IEEE 802.11n standard

The idea behind the IEEE 802.11n standard was that it would be able to provide much better
performance and be able to keep pace with the rapidly growing speeds provided by technologies
such as Ethernet. The new 802.11n standard boasts an impressive performance, the main points
of which are summarized below:

IEEE 802.11N SALIENT FEATURES

PARAMETER IEEE 802.11N STANDARD
Maximum data rate (Mbps) 600
RF Band (GHz) 2.4 or 5
Modulation CCK, DSSS, or OFDM
Number of spatial streams 1, 2, 3, or 4
Channel width (MHz) 20, or 40
To achieve this a number of new features that have been incorporated into the IEEE 802.11n
standard to enable the higher performance. The major innovations are summarized below:

Changes to implementation of OFDM

Introduction of MIMO
MIMO power saving
Wider channel bandwidth
Antenna technology
 Reduced support for backward compatibility under special circumstances to improve data
throughput
Although each of these new innovations adds complexity to the system, much of this can be
incorporated into the chipsets, enabling a large amount of the cost increase to be absorbed by
the large production runs of the chipsets.

Backward compatibility switching

802.11n provides backward compatibility for devices in a net using earlier versions of Wi-Fi, this
adds a significant overhead to any exchanges, thereby reducing the data transfer capacity. To
provide the maximum data transfer speeds when all devices in the net at to the 802.11n
standard, the backwards compatibility feature can be removed. When earlier devices enter the
net, the backward compatibility overhead and features are re-introduced. As with 802.11g, when
earlier devices enter a net, the operation of the whole net is considerably slowed. Therefore
operating a net in 802.11n only mode offers considerable advantages.
In view of the features associated with backward compatibility, there are three modes in which an
802.11n access point can operate:

Legacy (only 802.11 a, b, and g)

Mixed (both 802.11 a, b, g, and n)
Greenfield (only 802.11 n) - maximum performance
By implementing these modes, 802.11n is able to provide complete backward compatibility while
maintaining the highest data rates. These modes have a significant impact on the physical layer,
PHY and the way the signal is structured.

802.11n signal / OFDM implementation

This version of the Wi-Fi standard uses OFDM to provide the various parameters required.

Note on OFDM:

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) is a form of transmission that uses a large number of close

spaced carriers that are modulated with low rate data. Normally these signals would be expected to interfere with

each other, but by making the signals orthogonal to each other there is no mutual interference. The data to be

transmitted is split across all the carriers to give resilience against selective fading from multi-path effects..

Click on the link for an OFDM tutorial

The way the OFDM has been used has been tailored to enable it to fulfil the various
requirements for 802.11n.
To achieve this, two new formats are defined for the PHY Layer Convergence Protocol, PLCP,
i.e. the Mixed Mode and the Green Field. These are called High Throughput, HT formats. In
addition to these HT formats, there is also a legacy duplicate format. This duplicates the 20MHz
legacy packet in two 20MHz halves of the overall 40MHz channel.
The signal formats are changed according to the mode in which the system is operating:
 Legacy Mode: This may occur as either a 20 MHz signal or a 40 MHz signal:

o 20 MHz: In this mode the 802.11n signal is divided into 64 sub-carriers. 4 pilot
signals are inserted in sub-carriers -21, -7, 7 and 21. In the legacy mode, signal is
transmitted on sub-carriers -26 to -1 and 1 to 26, with 0 being the centre carrier.
In the HT modes signal is transmitted on sub-carriers -28 to -1 and 1 to 28.
o 40 MHz: For this transmission two adjacent 20MHz channels are used and in
this instance the channel is divided into 128 sub-carriers. 6 pilot signals are
inserted in sub-carriers -53, -25, -11, 11, 25, 53. Signal is transmitted on sub-
carriers -58 to -2 and 2 to 58.

In terms of the frames that are transmitted conform to the legacy 802.11a/g OFDM
format.

Mixed Mode: In this 802.11n mode, packets are transmitted with a preamble
compatible with the legacy 802.11a/g. The rest of the packet has a new MIMO training
sequence format.
Greenfield Mode: In the Greenfield mode, high throughput packets are transmitted
without a legacy compatible part. As this form of packet does not have any legacy
elements, the maximum data throughput is much higher.

802.11n MIMO
In order to be able to carry very high data rates, often within an office or domestic environment,
802.11n has utilised MIMO. This gives the maximum use of the available bandwidth.

Note on MIMO:

Two major limitations in communications channels can be multipath interference, and the data throughput

limitations as a result of Shannon's Law. MIMO provides a way of utilising the multiple signal paths that exist

between a transmitter and receiver to significantly improve the data throughput available on a given channel with

its defined bandwidth. By using multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver along with some complex digital

signal processing, MIMO technology enables the system to set up multiple data streams on the same channel,

thereby increasing the data capacity of a channel.

Click on the link for a MIMO tutorial

The 802.11n standard allows for up to four spatial streams to give a significant improvement in
the available data rate available as it allows a number of different data streams to be carried over
the same channel.
As might be expected, the number of data streams and hence the overall data capacity is limited
by the number of spatial streams that can be carried - one of the limits for this is the number of
antennas that are available at either end.
To give a quick indication of the capability of a given system or radio a simple notation may be
used. It is of the form: a x b : c. Where a is the maximum number of transmit antennas or RF
chains at the transmitter; b is the maximum of receive antennas or receive RF chains; and c is
the maximum number of data spatial streams. An example might be 2 x 4 : 2 would be for a radio
that can transmit on two antennas and receive on four, but can only send or receive two data
streams.
The 802.11n standard allows for systems with a capability of up to 4 x 4 : 4. However common
configurations that are in use include 2 x 2 : 2; 2 x 3 : 2; 3 x 2 : 2. These configurations all
have the same data throughput capability and only differ by the level of diversity provided by the
antennas. A further configuration of, 3 x 3 : 3 is becoming more widespread because it has a
higher throughput, because of the extra data stream that is present.

Power saving
One of the problems with using MIMO is that it increases the power of the hardware circuitry.
More transmitters and receivers need to be supported and this entails the use of more current.
While it is not possible to eliminate the power increase resulting from the use of MIMO in
802.11n, it is possible to make the most efficient use of it. Data is normally transmitted in a
"bursty" fashion. This means that there are long periods when the system remains idle or running
at a very slow speed. During these periods when MIMO is not required, the circuitry can be held
inactive so that it does not consume power.

Increased bandwidth
An optional mode for the new 802.11n chips is to run using a double sized channel bandwidth.
Previous systems used 20 MHz bandwidth, but the new ones have the option of using 40 MHz.
The main trade-off for this is that there are less channels that can be used for other devices.
There is sufficient room at 2.4 GHz for three 20 MHz channels, but only one 40 MHz channel can
be accommodated. Thus the choice of whether to use 20 or 40 MHz has to be made dynamically
by the devices in the net.

Antenna technology
For 802.11n, the antenna associated technologies have been significantly improved by the
introduction of beam forming and diversity.
Beam forming focuses the radio signals directly along the path for the receiving antenna to
improve the range and overall performance. A higher signal level and better signal to noise ratio
will mean that the full use can be made of the channel.
Diversity uses the multiple antennas available and combines or selects the best subset from a
larger number of antennas to obtain the optimum signal conditions. This can be achieved
because there are often surplus antennas in a MIMO system. As 802.11n supports any number
of antennas between one and four, it is possible that one device may have three antennas while
another with which it is communicating will only have two. The supposedly surplus antenna can
be used to provide diversity reception or transmission as appropriate.

The IEEE 802.11n standard provides a major improvement in the speed at which data can be
transferred over a wireless network. While this may not be needed for many small networks
where small files are being transferred, the amount of data being passed over most networks is
increasing with many more large files, including photos, video clips (and videos), etc. being
transferred. With the levels of data only set to increase, the new 802.11n standard will be able to
meet the challenge of providing the required capacity for wireless or Wi-Fi networks.
By Ian Poole
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

802.11n is a protocol with different modulations and mimo possibility (Multiple In, Multiple Out)
and can work in both 2,4 and5Ghz band.

802.11n adds technology called multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), a signal processing and
smart antenna technique for transmitting multiple data streams through multiple antennas.

What does 802.11 n mode do?

802.11n can operate on either the 5 GHz frequency at a theoretical maximum speed of 300
Mbps or on the 2.4 GHz frequency in "mixed mode" which will support systems only capable of
using 802.11b or 802.11g, but it will slow the entire network down to the maximum speed of the
earliest standard connected.

What is the max speed for wireless N?

1.3 gigabits per second (Gbps) is the speed most commonly cited as the 802.11ac standard. This
translates to 166 megabytes per second (MBps) or 1331 megabits per second (Mbps). It is vastly
quicker than the 450Mbit per second (0.45Gbps) headline speeds quoted on the highest performing
802.11n routers.

Who use it

Where to use

How to use and test

Explain about Nstream version 2

Mikrotik has developed a new wireless protocol based on TDMA technology (Time Division Multiple
Access)-(Nstreme version 2)

TDMA is a channel access method for shared medium networks. It allows several users to share the
same frequency channel by dividing the signal into different time slots. The user transmit in rapid
succession, on after the router, each using its own time slot. This alow multiple stations to share the
same transmissions medium (eg radio frequency channel) while using only a part of its channel
capacity.

Important benefit of Nv2 are

- Increased speed
- More client connection in PTM environment
- Lower latency
- No distance limitations
- No penalty for long distance
Overview of NV2 protocol

NV2 protocol is proprietary wireless protocol developed by Mikrotik for use with Atheros 802.11
wireless chips.

NV2 is based on TDMA media access technology. Media access technology used in regular 802.11
devices.

TDMA media access technology solve hidden node problem and improves media usage thus
improving throughput and latency, especially in PTMP networks.

NV2 is supported for Atheros 802.11n chips and legacy 802.11a/b/g

-
11n and legacy devices can participate in the same network.
-
It is not required to upgrade hardware to implement NV2 in network.
-
Media access in NV2 network is controlled by NV2 Access Point
-
NV2 AP divides time in fixed size periods which are dynamically divided in
downlink (data sent from AP to clients) and uplink (data from clients to AP) and
uplink portions, based on queue state on AP state and clients. Uplink time is futher
divided between connected clients based on their requirement for bandwidth.
TDMA(Time Domain Media Access)

- Channel access method

- To control channel access for shared medium network
- Allow several user share same frequency channel
- Dividing signal into different time slots
- User transmit rapid succession, one after the other , each using its own time slot
- allow multiple station to share same transmission medium
TDMA Characteristic

Shares signal carrier frequency with multiple user

Non continues transmission makes hand off simpler

Slots can be assigned on demand in dynamic TDMA

Advanced equalization may be necessary for high data rates if the channel is frequency selective
and creates inter symbol interference

Cell breathing (borrowing resources from adjacent cells

frequency/ slot allocation complexity)

pulsating power envelope : interference with other devices

Who use nstream

Where to use
How to use

Explain mikrotik

What is mikrotik

Who use mikrotik

Why use mikrotik

MikroTik Router is one of the most popular routers to any ISP network as well as any
enterprise office network. MikroTik Router has a lot of networking services that help to build
a stable and smooth network so easily.

MikroTik Router is mainly famous for bandwidth control service and packet filtering
functionalities as well as cheap price. MikroTik Router is also favorite to any system
administrator because of having graphical user interface (GUI) software named Winbox
which helps to manage MikroTik Router so easily. As the usage of MikroTik Router is
growing rapidly, this article is designed to show the basic configuration of a MikroTik Router
from very beginning using Winbox software so that a new MikroTik Router user can easily
configure his/her router from very starting and can operate his network smoothly.

RouterOS

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MikroTik

The main product of MikroTik is an operating system based on the Linux kernel, known as the
MikroTik RouterOS. Installed on the company's proprietary hardware (RouterBOARD series), or on
standard x86-based computers, it turns a computer into a network router and implements various
additional features, such as firewalling, virtual private network (VPN) service and client,[4]
bandwidth shaping and quality of service, wireless access point functions and other commonly used
features when interconnecting networks. The system is also able to serve as a captive-portal-based
hotspot system.

The operating system is licensed in increasing service levels, each releasing more of the available
RouterOS features. A MS Windows application called Winbox provides a graphical user interface
for the RouterOS configuration and monitoring, but RouterOS also allows access via FTP, telnet,
and secure shell (SSH). An application programming interface is available for direct access from
applications for management and monitoring.

Where we use mikrotik

How we use mikrotik

Mikrotik Router Basic Configuration Using Winbox

Prerequisites to Configure a MikroTik Router

Before going to start basic configuration of a MikroTik Router you should have below information.

Basic knowledge about IP Addressing.

A MikroTik RouterBoard or MikroTik RouterOS installed on a PC.

Winbox Software.

PC with windows operating system installed and RJ45 cables.

If you have the above requirements properly, you are now ready to start MikroTik router basic
configuration. Ill show you the proper steps to configure a new MikroTik router in the rest of this
article.

4 Easy Steps to Configure a MikroTik Router

MikroTik router basic configuration includes assigning IP addresses and enabling NAT for accessing
internet. MikroTik router basic configuration can be divided into 4 steps.

Assigning WAN and LAN IP addresses

Gateway configuration

NAT configuration and

DNS configuration

Among the above 4 steps, first three steps are mandatory for accessing internet trough your
MikroTik router and step 4 is optional but it must be done for proper MikroTik router configuration.

To configure a MikroTik Router properly according to the above 4 steps, Im using below information
and a simple office network diagram where three users are connected to MikroTik router through a
network switch and one interface of the router is connected to internet for accessing internet
information.

MikroTik RouterBoard 1100 AHX2

WAN IP: 172.22.3.99/25 (ISP provided)

Gateway: 172.22.3.1 (ISP provided)

Public DNS: 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4

LAN IP Network: 192.168.10.0/24 (Private IP block chosen by me)

Simple Office Network

Simple Office Network

According to our simple office network diagram, first interface (ether1 port) is connected to ISP
internet and this interface is our WAN port. We will set our WAN IP (provided by ISP) in this
interface. Second interface (ether2 port) is our LAN interface and we will set our LAN Gateway in this
interface. The users of this network are connected to MikroTik router trough a switch for accessing
internet. In practical, your network will not be simple like this network diagram. You may have to
main a large network where there may be hundred or thousand of users. But the basic configuration
is same for all networks. However, we will now start our MikroTik router basic configuration
according to the above 4 steps with our simple office network diagram.

Step 1. Assigning WAN and LAN IP Addresses

First step to configure a MikroTik router is to assign WAN and LAN IP addresses in WAN and LAN
interface accordingly. So, follow below steps to set WAN and LAN IP addresses in your new MikroTik
router.

Download winbox from this link or collect winbox from any source.

Connect your PC with MikroTik Router by a RJ45 cable.

Open winbox software in your operating system and click on search button located after Connect To:
input box. Connected Ethernets MAC will appear now. Click on the MAC address. MikroTik router
default username is admin and password is blank. So, type admin in the login input box and
password field left blank and then click on Connect button. MikroTik graphical user interface (GUI)
will appear now. If you face any confusion to open MikroTik GUI using winbox software, watch my
below video tutorial carefully. Hope, it will reduce your confusion.

Now click on Remove Configuration button if prompted.

Go to IP > Addresses menu. Address List window will appear now. Click on add new button (PLUS
sign) from Address List window. New Address window will appear. Put your WAN IP address (In this
article: 172.22.3.99/25) which is provided to you by your ISP into the Address input box and then
select interface (In this article: ether1) on which you want to set WAN IP from the Interface drop-
down menu and click Apply and then OK button.

Click on add new button (+) again and put your LAN Gateway IP address (In this article:
192.168.10.1/24) into the Address input box and choose your LAN interface (In this article: ether2)
from Interface drop-down menu and click Apply and OK button.
Assigning WAN and LAN IP addresses has been completed. Now we will assign our MikroTik gateway
which is provided by our ISP so that our MikroTik router can communicate to internet with this
gateway.

Step 2. Gateway Configuration

After completing WAN and LAN IP setup, you should now configure your MikroTik gateway which is
provided by your ISP. So, follow below simple steps to assign gateway IP in your MikroTik router.

Go to IP > Routes menu. Route List window will appear now. You can see two dynamic routes are
already added in this Route List. Click on add new button (+). New Route window will appear as soon
as you click the button. Now put gateway address (in this article: 172.22.3.1) which is provided by
your ISP in Gateway input field.

Now click Apply and OK button.

Gateway configuration of your MikroTik router has been completed. Now we will create NAT rule so
that our MikroTik router can masquerade our LAN user IP to access internet.

Step 3. NAT Configuration

After completing gateway configuration, you have to create a NAT firewall rule to masquerade your
LAN IP. Otherwise, your LAN user cannot access internet through your MikroTik router. So, follow
below steps to create the masquerade firewall rule in your MikroTik router.

Go to IP > Firewall menu and click on NAT tab and then click on add new button (+) button. New NAT
Rule window will appear now.

Choose Chain: srcnat and Src. Address: 192.168.10.0/24 under General tab and choose Action:
masquerade from Action tab and then click Apply and OK button.

NAT configuration in your MikroTik router has been completed. if you do not create this NAT rule,
your LAN user cannot access internet through your router.

Three mandatory steps for configuring a new MikroTik router to access internet has been
completed. Your LAN user are now able to access internet through your router if they use custom
DNS server IP. But we shall now configure DNS in MikroTik router so that it can resolve DNS request
as well as it can work as a DNS server.
Step 4. DNS Configuration

After completing three mandatory configuration, you need to configure DNS in MikroTik router so
that it can resolve DNS request from the LAN user as well as itself. So, follow bellow steps to
configure DNS in your MikroTik router.

Go to IP > DNS menu. DNS Settings window will appear now. In this window, put DNS server address
that you have got from ISP company or you can use public DNS IP (8.8.8.8) in Servers input box. You
can put secondary DNS server IP by clicking add new value button (drop down button) located after
the Servers input box. Optionally, you can turn your MikroTik router as a DNS server. Turning your
MikroTik router as a DNS server is a better idea, I think. Because if you use public DNS server in your
network, every DNS request of your user will consume your paid bandwidth. But if you turn MikroTik
router as a DNS sever, your user will get DNS solution from MikroTik router without consuming paid
bandwidth. So, if you want to turn MikroTik into a DNS server, click the Allow Remote Requests
check box and click Apply and OK button.

If you turn your MikroTik router into a DNS server, all your MikroTik IP address can be used as a DNS
server IP including WAN IP which is a public IP and problem will arise here. If anyone outside of your
LAN use your WAN IP as a DNS IP, your MikroTik will be happy by serving him/her DNS solution
consuming your paid bandwidth. So, you must stop DNS request from outside of your LAN. For
stopping DNS request from outside of your LAN, you should apply firewall rules which will drop all
DNS requests coming from your WAN interface (in this article: ether1). For this, go to IP > Firewall
menu and click on add new button (PLUS Sign). New Firewall Rule window will appear now. Under
General tab, choose Chain: input, Protocol: udp, Dst. Port: 53 and In. Interface: ether1. Now choose
Action: drop from under Action Tab and click Apply and OK button. You must create another similar
rule for TCP connection. For this, click on add new button (PLUS Sign) again and choose Chain: input,
Protocol: tcp, Dst.Port: 53 and In. Interface: ether1 and then choose Action: drop under Action tab
and click Apply and OK button. Now your MikroTik DNS server is safe from outside of your LAN.

DNS configuration in your MikroTik router has been completed. Now your MikroTik router is able to
resolve DNS request for the LAN user as well as itself.

Your MikroTik router is completely ready if you follow the above 4 steps carefully. Connect a switch
to MikroTik LAN interface with RJ45 cable and connect all PCs to this switch. Also connect ISP cable
to WAN interface. Now assign IP to all your LAN PC according to your LAN IP network series. If you
face any problem to set IP address in windows PC, follow my another article about how to assign
static IP address in windows operating system which will guide you the proper way to assign IP
address in any windows PC. Now browse any website or ping google.com from your LAN PC. If your
ISP is OK, you will now be able to browse any website successfully.

You should follow the above 4 steps so carefully to configure your new MikroTik Router successfully.
If you miss any step, your configuration will be wrong and your LAN users will not be able to access
internet through your MikroTik router. If you face any confusion to do above 4 steps, watch my
below video tutorial carefully about MikroTik Router Basic Configuration using Winbox. I hope, it will
help you enough for configuring your MikroTik router.

Video URL: https://youtu.be/M2OakcfdA4k

FEATURE

RouterOS supports many applications used by Internet service providers, for example OSPF, BGP,
Multiprotocol Label Switching (VPLS/MPLS), OpenFlow. The product is supported by Mikrotik
through a forum and a wiki, providing assorted and thematic examples of configurations. RouterOS
supports Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) as well as Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6).

The software provides support for virtually all network interfaces that the Linux kernel 3.3.5
supports, except wireless, where the Atheros chipsets are the only supported hardware, as of
RouterOS version 6.33.

Attach mikrotik picture

 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

Analysis is done

Currently in Unicity Alam we use we are using 802.11n with using Access Point.

3.2 Project Design

3.2.1 Physical Design

DRAW THE SHOP BUILDINGS

THEN LOCATE THE AP CURRENT DESIGN

3.2.2 Physical Layout

 Figure 3.1 Physical layout Nstream Version 2

Figure 3.1 Displays physical layout of wireless 802.11n with using Access Point at Unicity
Alam. This physical layout has 2 routers, 2 switches and 8 Access Point.

Figure 3.2 : Physical layout 802.11n

Figure 3.2 Displays physical layout of wireless 802.11n with using Virtual Access Point at
Unicity Alam. This physical layout has 2 routers, 2 switches and 8 Virtual Access Point.
3.2.3 Logical Design

Developing
REFERECE

https://aacable.wordpress.com/tag/mikrotik-pppoe-server/
study about the above link

http://systemzone.net/category/computer-networking/mikrotik-router/
this link covers our fyp objective and problem statement basic set up about title not sure yet.

http://systemzone.net/mikrotik-router-basic-configuration-using-winbox/
this link talk about router mikrotik advantage and benefit

802.11ac vs 802.11n WiFi: What's The Difference?

https://www.forbes.com/sites/gordonkelly/2014/12/30/802-11ac-vs-802-11n-wifi-whats-the-
difference/#367bf4333957

http://www.pearsonitcertification.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1329709
This chapter explores the many facets of wireless networking, starting with some
of the concepts and technologies that make wireless networking possible.

How do I configure Wireless Access Point to Multi-Point Bridge mode

http://www.tp-link.com/us/faq-178.html

Definition: In Wi-Fi network, Bridge mode allows two or more wireless access points (APs) to
communicate with each for the purpose of joining multiple LANs.

Some wireless bridges support only a single point-to-point connection to another AP. Others support
point-to-multipoint connections to several other APs. This article is about to setup a Point to Multi-
Point Bridge.

Google search :How do I configure Wireless Access Point to Point Bridge mode Mikrotik RB951U1-
2HnD wireless type 802.11n AP

Google search :How do I configure Wireless Access Point to Point Bridge mode Mikrotik RB951U1-
2HnD wireless type 802.11n VAP

Below topic not sure must prepare or not

Manual:Using scope and target-scope attributes

https://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Using_scope_and_target-scope_attributes
MikroTik Firewall Basic Concept

http://systemzone.net/mikrotik-firewall-basic-concept/

MikroTik VLAN and Bridge Configuration

http://systemzone.net/mikrotik-vlan-and-bridge-configuration/

MikroTik User Management (RouterOS User)

http://systemzone.net/mikrotik-user-management-routeros-user/

MikroTik Router Bandwidth Management

http://systemzone.net/mikrotik-router-bandwidth-management/

MikroTik Block Website (Facebook, YouTube and Other Sites)

http://systemzone.net/mikrotik-block-website-facebook-youtube-and-other-sites/

*******************************************************************************

*******************************************************************************

I wanted to know if it is possible to use the RB951G-2HnD as the main router and a RB951Ui-2HnD as
an access point (then connected with cable) to extend the wifi. I need to set something in particular?
Instead, without having any cable how can I set the RB951Ui-2HnD as a repeater?

Yes, both setups are possible without problem. Using a cable for a second access-point is always
better then using a mesh/wifi bridge to extend the network but, as said, both is possible.

RouterOS/Mikrotik does require some basic knowledge to get this to work though. There is
numerous ways of accomplishing this using different configurations.

https://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=81288

*******************************************************************************

*******************************************************************************

https://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?t=77249
Signal is excelent through 2 concrete walls (-51 on android phone) and also higher than an
standard RB951Ui-2HnD with 2-5dbi. With standard tplink 841 signal was very poor and loose
conectivity very often.

Articles for MikroTik RB951Ui-2HnD

http://www.technotrade.com.ua/Products/Mikrotik_RB951Ui-2HnD.php

o Graphing is a monitoring tool in RouterOS

o Traffic Generator in MikroTik routers
o Wi-Fi network on ready solutions MikroTik
o Analysis of the frequency spectrum in MikroTik
o Blocking sites in the router MikroTik
o PoE adapter selection for MikroTik router
o Isolate traffic to MikroTik using VLAN
o Using MikroTik with No-IP service
o How to restore old firmware MikroTik
o How to configure IPTV on MikroTik
o How to update MikroTik RouterOS
o How to connect an external antenna to MikroTik RB751
o How to hide MikroTik in the network
o How to save, restore and transfer MikroTik settings
o Configuring a 3G modem on a MikroTik router
o Configuring HotSpot on a Wi-Fi router MikroTik
o Configuring VLANs on MikroTik
o Configuring WatchDog on MikroTik
o Setting up Wi-Fi Bridge MikroTik
o Setting up the MikroTik base station
 o Setting up a virtual Wi-Fi hotspot in MikroTik
o Setting the time and date in MikroTik
o Configuring the MikroTik router
o Combining several Wi-Fi channels with Mikrotik
o Speed limit in MikroTik
o Restricting torrents in MikroTik RouterOS
o The basics of shaping in MikroTik RouterOS
o Connecting a USB drive to a MikroTik router and sharing resources
o Easy setup of MikroTik with QuickSet
o Simple update of MikroTik firmware via the Internet
o Splitting a local network using VLANs
o Resetting MikroTik
o Comparison of MikroTik RouterOS licenses

https://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=35767

Band "only-N" still associates with "a" AP?

https://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?t=51622

google searched: summary of 802.11 wireless

https://www.google.com/search?ei=a7o4Wpn8F8fyvgT40ZrwBg&q=summary+of+802.11+wireless&
oq=summary+of+802.11+wireless&gs_l=psy-
ab.12..0i22i30k1.33354.35134.0.37971.10.8.0.0.0.0.267.708.2-3.3.0....0...1.1.64.psy-
ab..9.1.267....0.18C9WScYCTQ

IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi Standards

http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/wireless/wi-fi/ieee-802-11-standards-tutorial.php

a very detailed everything on 802.11 standards

google searched: how to set up virtual ap with 802.11n

https://www.google.com/search?ei=Noc4Wo3iHcXnvgSo9aCQCg&q=how+to+set+up+virtual+ap+wit
h+802.11n&oq=how+to+set+up+virtual+ap+with+802.11n&gs_l=psy-
ab.3...23235.81192.0.81712.91.46.0.0.0.0.843.10699.2-27j6j6-2.35.0....0...1.1.64.psy-
ab..59.28.8338...0j0i131k1j0i67k1j0i10k1j0i22i10i30k1j0i22i30k1j33i21k1j33i160k1j33i22i29i30k1.0.
MKUi5QacrU0.

Configuring a Virtual AP
http://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ArubaOS_63_Web_Help/Content/ArubaFrameStyles/Virt
ualAPs/Configuring_a_Virtual_AP.htm
related in detailed info on VAP but about 802.11x

Virtual AP Profiles
http://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ArubaOS_65x_WebHelp/Content/ArubaFrameStyles/Virt
ualAPs/Virtual_AP_Profiles.htm

Nv2-downlink-ratio - new huge bandwidth increase setting

https://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?t=124032

this helpful link help solve and develop this fyp project

it gives value to build configuration that been discuss was a successful method.

PtMP maximum wireless performance

https://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?t=121344

great discussion on NV2

https://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?t=115050

over here they discuss about nv2 and nstream , they also discuss on ptp and ptmp

Characterization of 802.11n Wireless LAN Performance via Testbed Measurements and Statistical
Analysis

http://ai2-s2-pdfs.s3.amazonaws.com/7390/0452d028ae9c2ad2296d8601d9e287246cab.pdf

NSTREME2 - 70MBPS PTP LINK

another different kind of device they are using 2 receiver 2 transmitter

talking about

Dual radio Point-to-Point mode Nstreme 2

Nstreme2 by Mikrotik

Nstreme dual Step-by-Step howto:

Here is a step-by-step explanation how to enable nstreme dual on a fresh installed MikroTik devices:

http://www.wisp.net.au/nstreme2-70mbps-link-pm-7.html

Sxt 5Hnd PtP MPLS bridge

The new Nv2 (TDMA) Sxt 5HnD CPE by Mikrotik can suprise with the speed, configurability and
scalability. Even though it has only Level3 of Mikrotik License it is enough to make PtP bridge. This is
an example shows how the bridge be done using MPLS instead of WDS.

http://www.wisp.net.au/5hnd-mpls-pm-19.html

Manual:Winbox

https://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Winbox

Tips and Tricks for Beginners and Experienced Users of RouterOS

https://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Tips_and_Tricks_for_Beginners_and_Experienced_Users_of_Router
OS

google search: mikrotik access point

https://www.google.com/search?q=mikrotik+access+point&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiCz8jBj5XYAhXMFJ
QKHervAzwQ1QIIfygF&biw=1242&bih=535

google search: mikrotik virtual access point

https://www.google.com/search?q=mikrotik+access+point&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiCz8jBj5XYAhXMFJ
QKHervAzwQ1QIIfygF&biw=1242&bih=535

mikrotik virtual access point interface

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=5QU5Wqb9JMqBmQGbqJGQDw&q=mikro
tik+virtual+access+point+interface&oq=mikrotik+virtual+access&gs_l=psy-
ab.1.1.0i22i30k1l2.64528.164864.0.168808.14.14.0.0.0.0.2024.5176.3-5j3j9-1.9.0....0...1.1.64.psy-
ab..5.9.5172...0i13k1j0i7i30k1j0i8i7i30k1j0i30k1j0i8i30k1.0.3oq9-34UnrM

mikrotik virtual ap vlan

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=uQY5WoyUDYrfwAL4v4_wBg&q=mikrotik
+virtual+ap+vlan&oq=mikrotik+virtual+access+point+interface&gs_l=psy-
ab.1.1.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.68001.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.GfBkDrLP5rI

mikrotik multiple ssid vlan

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=AAc5WpTwN5Gz0gXa4bKoCA&q=mikrotik
+multiple+ssid+vlan&oq=mikrotik+virtual+ap+vlan&gs_l=psy-
ab.1.1.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.65761.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.4TtKAEsANZM

mikrotik vlan tutorial

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=RQc5WvvrKY7cwALR5IKACw&q=mikrotik+
vlan+tutorial&oq=mikrotik+multiple+ssid+vlan&gs_l=psy-
ab.1.3.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.50506.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.I158fQp-rwk

mikrotik vlan bridge

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=ewc5Wq6fGY2lwQK--
5vwAQ&q=mikrotik+vlan+bridge&oq=mikrotik+vlan+tutorial&gs_l=psy-
ab.1.0.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.71314.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.BwFc0V3Pkgo

mikrotik wlan vlan

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=AAc5WpTwN5Gz0gXa4bKoCA&q=mikrotik
+wlan+vlan&oq=mikrotik+virtual+ap+vlan&gs_l=psy-
ab.1.3.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.10037.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.DRNIVtPwLlY

https://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=81793

discussing the best through output

mikrotik nv2 ptp setup

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=JBs5WuO_DovOwALrpKPoBQ&q=mikrotik
+nv2+ptp+setup&oq=mikrotik+nv2+ptp+setup&gs_l=psy-
ab.12..0i71k1l4.0.0.0.56578.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.h8Z7mmBUOno

mikrotik point to point bridge configuration

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=YBs5Ws6jKZLGwQKx3o2oCA&q=mikrotik+
point+to+point+bridge+configuration&oq=mikrotik+nv2+ptp+setup&gs_l=psy-
ab.1.0.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.53390.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.cYMuFVDkdvE

mikrotik point to point configuration pdf

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=mRs5Wt-
vN9HOwQKTyIzoAg&q=mikrotik+point+to+point+configuration+pdf&oq=mikrotik+point+to+point+b
ridge+configuration&gs_l=psy-ab.1.0.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.37410.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-
ab..0.0.0....0.Qf1FvowdB6g

mikrotik point to multipoint configuration step by step

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=wxs5WsmNLtLJwAKuqbzIAg&q=mikrotik+
point+to+multipoint+configuration+step+by+step&oq=mikrotik+point+to+point+configuration+pdf&
gs_l=psy-ab.1.1.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.39469.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.WUmKgXBk18o

mikrotik point to multipoint solution

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=7xs5WveSGIXTkwXF3I7YBQ&q=mikrotik+p
oint+to+multipoint+solution&oq=mikrotik+point+to+multipoint+configuration+step+by+step&gs_l=
psy-ab.1.1.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.82988.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.bJFUwT7t6sU

point to multipoint wireless bridge mikrotik

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=RRw5WqzTIZDk_AaN9oGoCA&q=point+to
+multipoint+wireless+bridge+mikrotik&oq=mikrotik+point+to+multipoint+solution&gs_l=psy-
ab.1.3.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.41740.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.pbqwUib6pBo

mikrotik ptmp

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=535&ei=cxw5WtPhBs7q_AaGvYLwBw&q=mikrotik
+ptmp&oq=point+to+multipoint+wireless+bridge+mikrotik&gs_l=psy-
ab.1.2.0i71k1l4.0.0.0.33164.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.WKhYcgYzGjw