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DATARAN BANJIR
DATARAN BANJIR (“FLOOD PLAIN”)
SUNGAI
M.A.B
M.A.N MODEREN
10% 20%
runoff runoff
21% shallow
25% shallow
infiltration
infiltration 25% deep 21% deep
infiltration infiltration
D
C
50% 65%
runoff runoff
10% 20%
runoff runoff
21% shallow
25% shallow
infiltration
infiltration 25% deep 21% deep
infiltration infiltration
D
C
50% 65%
runoff runoff
g
• Geografi * PEMBUDI DAYAAN
• Topografi DATARAN BANJIR
• Geometri alur
* tata ruang/peruntukan
sungai:
kemiringan
g dasar dataran banjir yg tdk sesuai
meandering * tata ruang/pengelolaan DAS
“bottle-neck” • permukiman di bantaran
sedimentasi sungai
ambal alam MASALAH
* pembangunan drainase
BANJIR
* bangunan sungai/silang
PERISTIWA ALAM
* sampah padat
(DINAMIS)
* prasarana pengendali
banjir yang terbatas
* curah hujan tinggi
* pembendungan: * amblesan permukaan tanah
dari laut/pasang * persepsi masyarakat yang
dari sungai induk keliru thd banjir
* amblesan tanah * kenaikan muka air laut
* pendangkalan akibat “global warming”, dsb.
Type banjir
– Stormwater flooding:
flooding
g: small local catchments
(particularly urban)
– Flash flooding:
floodingg: veryy rapid
p flood response
p
(e.g. from thunderstorms)
– Mainstream flooding:
flooding: along creeks, rivers
(lasts days to months)
– Coastal flooding:
flooding: along coasts, in estuaries
(affected by wind, waves)
Flood Hazard
• Definition:
“P t ti l for
“Potential f ffuture
t lloss off lif
life, iinjury
j and
d
economic loss caused by future flood events”
• Degree of hazard:
varies with or is affected by:
– severity of flooding
– flood characteristics (e.g. depth, velocity)
– local topography
– population exposed to flooding
– emergency management arrangements
Flood Losses