Practice Assignment No 4

Convention

1. Heat 𝑄1−2 = ∫ 𝑚𝐶 𝑑𝑇

a. Heat supplied to the system positive +

b. Heat rejected from the system negative -

2. Work 𝑊1−2 = ∫ 𝑃 𝑑𝑉

a. Work done by the system positive +

b. Work done on the system negative -

Problem No 1

A thermodynamic cycle is completed in ffive processes 1-2-3-4-5-1. The work and heat transfer during
the processes are tabulated as under. Find the heat transfer in the process 5-1 ?

Process W (kJ) Q (kJ)

1-2 -12 0
2-3 0 80
3-4 35 0
4-5 0 -35
5-1 0 ?

Hints

∮𝑄 = ∮𝑊

Problem No 2

1.6 kg/s of water ( h=800 kJ/kg) is supplied to the boiler with a speed of 10 m/s. 2200 kJ/kg heat
is required by the boiler to generate steam. The steam leaves the turbine at 50 m/s with
h=2520 kJ/kg. the difference between the boiler entry and turbine exit is 5 m. heat loss in the
boiler and turbine is 1800 kJ/min and 600 kJ/min respectively. Determine the power rating of
the turbine.

Hints

Q = W + ∆K. E + ∆P. E + ∆H

Q = Q𝑠𝑢𝑝 − Q𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑏𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑟 + Q 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑒

Be careful about units.

Data

m= 1.6 kg/s

Qsup = 2200 kJ/kg x 1.6 kg/s =

𝑘𝐽 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1800 𝑘𝐽
Qboiler = 1800 kJ/min = 1800 𝑚𝑖𝑛 × 60 =
𝑠 60 𝑠

Qtrubine = same method

Problem No 3

A centrifugal compressor delivers 15 kg/min of air. The state of air at inlet and outlet are shown
in the fig. Heat loss and increase in enthalpy are 720 kJ/min and 160 kJ/kg respectively.
Determine the input power required and the ratio of the inlet to outlet diameter.

Q= 720 kJ/min

80 m/s

7 bar

0.15 m3/kg

10 m/s

1 bar

0.5 m3/kg

Hints
 a. Input power =W

𝑑1
b. Ratio of the inlet to out let =
𝑑2

𝐴1 𝐶1 𝐴2 𝐶2
𝑚= =
𝑣𝑠1 𝑣𝑠2

Where C is velocity and vs is specific volume m3/kg

Problem No 4

Steam of 40 kg/min at 15 bar is supplied to a nozzle with inlet and outlet conditions as shown in
fig. Calculate the exit velocity.

1 bar

1.7 m3/kg
1800 m/min u2 = 2520 kJ/kg
15 bar

1.5 m3/kg

U1 = 2600 kJ/kg

Hints

∆ 𝑍 = 0, 𝑄 = 0, 𝑊 = 0

Data

m= 40 kg/min, convert it to s

p1 = 15 bar convert it to N/m2

Q = W + ∆K. E + ∆P. E + ∆H
𝑁
𝑚2 𝑚2
h1= p1vs1 = 15 𝑏𝑎𝑟 × 105 𝑏𝑎𝑟 × 0.15 𝑘𝑔

Calculate remaining values and put it into equation

Problem No 5
The following data pertaining to a steam power plant are given for each state corresponding to
the fig. Determine heat transfer in each process and turbine work

2
1

Turbine WT
Boiler

Condenser

5 4

Pump

WP= 4 kJ/kg

Table

State 1 2 3 4
Pressure (MPa) 2 1.9 15 14
Enthalpy (kJ/kg) 3020 3000 2300 200

Hints

Apply equations of Boiler, turbine, Condenser, pump and boiler