CALCULO Y DISEÑO DE LOSA ALIGERADA

Espesor de losa
Ln 3.94
h=( ) ≡ h=( ) = 0.16cm ≅ 0.20 cm
25 25
Metrado de cargas

 Carga muerta (Cm)

- Peso de la Losa 0.4m x 0.05m x 2400Kg/m^3 = 48.00Kg/m
- Peso de la Vigueta 0.1m x 0.15m x 2400Kg/m^3 = 36.00Kg/m
- Peso del Ladrillo 3.33Ladr./ml x 8Kg/m = 26.64Kg/m
- Tabiquería 0.4m x 100Kg/m^2 = 40.00Kg/m
- Piso Terminado 0.4m x 100Kg/m^2 = 40.00Kg/m
----------------
Carga muerta (Cm) 190.64Kg/m
 Carga Viva (Cv)
- Sobre Carga S/C 200Kg/m^2 x 0.40m = 80Kg/m
Mayoracion de Cargas
Wu = 1.4(Cm) + 1.7(Cv)
Wu = 1.4(190.64Kg/m) + 1.7(80Kg/m)
Wu = 402.896Kg/m ≅ 0.403Tn

DIAGRAMA DE MOMENTOS FLECTORES POR EL MÉTODO DE LAS COEFICIENTES

ACI-318 -11

Momentos Ultimos ( Mu)

𝑀𝑢
Momentos Nominales (Mn)  ( )
0.90

Calculo de acero Central Negativo (-)

Concreto f’c = 210Kg/cm^2
Acero fy = 4200Kg/cm^2

 Asumimos q “a” es el (20 % de “d”) a = 3.4cm

 𝑀𝑛 𝐴𝑠 ×𝑓𝑦
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑎 ; 𝑎 = 0.85×𝑓′ 𝑐×𝑏
∅×𝑓𝑦×(𝑑− )
2

Mn(−) = 0.70Tn

0.70 × 105 Kg. cm 0.70 × 105 Kg. cm

As1 = = 1.21cm2 As2 = = 1.19cm2
3.4cm 2.85cm
0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − ) 0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − )
2 2

1.21cm2 ×4200Kg/cm2
a= = 2.85cm
0.85×210Kg/cm2 ×10

Mn(−) = 0.59Tn

0.59 × 105 Kg. cm 0.59 × 105 Kg. cm

As1 = = 1.02cm2 As2 = = 0.99cm2
3.4cm 2.4cm
0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − ) 0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − )
2 2

1.02cm2 × 4200Kg/cm2
a= = 2.4cm
0.85 × 210Kg/cm2 × 10

Mn(−) = 0.67Tn
0.67 × 105 Kg. cm 0.67 × 105 Kg. cm
As1 = = 1.16cm2 As2 = = 1.13cm2
3.4cm 2.73cm
0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − ) 0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − )
2 2

1.16cm2 × 4200Kg/cm2
a= = 2.73cm
0.85 × 210Kg/cm2 × 10

Calculo de Acero en los Extremos Negativo (-)

 Asumimos q “a” es el (20 % de “d”) a = 3.4cm

Mn(−) = 0.29Tn

0.29 × 105 Kg. cm 0.29 × 105 Kg. cm

As1 = = 0.50cm2 As2 = = 0.48cm2
3.4cm 1.18cm
0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − ) 0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − )
2 2

0.50cm2 × 4200Kg/cm2
a= = 1.18cm
0.85 × 210Kg/cm2 × 10
Mn(−) = 0.28Tn

0.28 × 105 Kg. cm 0.28 × 105 Kg. cm

As1 = = 0.48cm2 As2 = = 0.45cm2
3.4cm 1.13cm
0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − ) 0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − )
2 2

0.48cm2 × 4200Kg/cm2
a= = 1.13cm
0.85 × 210Kg/cm2 × 10

Calculo de Acero en los Extremos Positivo (+)

 Asumimos q “a” es el (20 % de “d”) a = 3.4cm

Mn(+) = 0.63Tn

0.63 × 105 Kg. cm 0.63 × 105 Kg. cm

As1 = = 1.09cm2 As2 = = 1.06cm2
3.4cm 2.57cm
0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − ) 0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − )
2 2

1.09cm2 × 4200Kg/cm2
a= = 2.57cm
0.85 × 210Kg/cm2 × 10

Mn(+) = 0.38Tn

0.38 × 105 Kg. cm 0.38 × 105 Kg. cm

As1 = = 0.66cm2 As2 = = 0.62cm2
3.4cm 1.55cm
0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − ) 0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − )
2 2

0.66cm2 × 4200Kg/cm2
a= = 1.55cm
0.85 × 210Kg/cm2 × 10

Mn(+) = 0.40Tn
0.40 × 105 Kg. cm 0.40 × 105 Kg. cm
As1 = = 0.69cm2 As2 = = 0.65cm2
3.4cm 1.62cm
0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − ) 0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − )
2 2

0.69cm2 × 4200Kg/cm2
a= = 1.62cm
0.85 × 210Kg/cm2 × 10
 Mn(+) = 0.60Tn

0.60 × 105 𝐾𝑔. 𝑐𝑚 0.60 × 105 𝐾𝑔. 𝑐𝑚

𝐴𝑠1 = = 1.04cm2 As2 = = 1.01cm2
3.4cm 2.45cm
0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − ) 0.9 × 4200Kg/cm2 × (17 − )
2 2

1.04cm2 × 4200Kg/cm2
𝑎= = 2.45cm
0.85 × 210Kg/cm2 × 10

Verificando el Acero Máximo ( Asmax )

β1 ×0.85×f′c 6000
Asmax = C × b × d ; ρ = 0.75 × Pb → Pb = (6000+fy) × b × d
fy

0.85 × 0.85 × 210Kg/cm2 6000

ρmax = 0.75 × 2
×( ) × 10cm × 17cm
4200Kg/cm 6000 + 4200Kg/cm2

ρmax = 2.71cm2

Verificando el Acero Mínimo ( Asmin )

0.7 × √f′c
Asmin = ×b×d
fy

0.7 × √210Kg/cm2
Asmin = × 10cm × 17cm
4200Kg/cm2
Asmin = 0.41cm2
Verificando Cortante Maximo (-)
Vu ≤ ∅Vc

Wu × Ln
Vu = 1.15 × Vc = 0.53 × √f′c × b × d
2
0.403 × 3.94
Vu = 1.15 × Vc = 0.53 × √210Kg/cm2 × 10cm × 17cm
2
Vu = 0.91Tn Vc = 1109.82Kg ≅ 1.11Tn
0.91Tn ≤ 1.11Tn

Calculo de Acero de Temperatura

As = 0.0018 × b × t
As = 0.0018 × 100cm × 5cm
As = 0.90cm2 (3 ∅ 1/4")
∅ 1/4"@33cm
Separación entre Varillas es de (5×t) → 25cm