PROBLEMA 2

Resolver el problema de valor inicial

−x
x y'' + ( 1 − x)  y' − 2  ( 1 + x)  y = ( 1 − 6  x)  e

y( 1 ) = 7.757 y'( 1 ) = 14.778 y( 1.3)

PASO 1
Transformamos la ecuac ion diferencial de segundo orden un un sis tema ec dif de primer orden

y' = z y'' = z' y' = f ( x , y , z)

x
( 1 − 6  x)  e + 2  ( 1 + x) − ( 1 − x)  z
z' = z' = g( x , y , z)
x

f ( x , y , z) := z

x
( 1 − 6  x)  e + 2  ( 1 + x) − ( 1 − x)  z
g( x , y , z) :=
x

de donde cambiamos las variables de los valores iniciales

los valores iniciales seran y0 := 7.757 z0 := 14.778 cuando x0 := 1

 xn − x0   1.3 − 1 
el ancho de faja sera h =  h :=  3  h = 0.1000
 N   

PASO 2

Aplicar los algoritmos de ruge kutta de 4 orden

( )
1
y1 = y0 +  k1 + 2  k2 + 2  k3 + k4
6

( )
1
z1 = z0 +  l 1 + 2  l 2 + 2  l 3 + l 4
6

de donde los factores k y l seran

 (
k1 := h  g x0 , y0 , z0 ) (
L1 := h  f x0 , y0 , z0 )
 h k1 L1   h k1 L1 
k2 := h  g x0 + , y0 + , z0 +  L2 := h  f  x0 + , y0 + , z0 + 
 2 2 2   2 2 2 

 h k2 L2   h k2 L2 
k3 := h  g x0 + , y0 + , z0 +  L3 := h  f  x0 + , y0 + , z0 + 
 2 2 2   2 2 2 

(
k4 := h  g x0 + h , y0 + k3 , z0 + L3 ) (
L4 := h  f x0 + h , y0 + k3 , z0 + L3 )

De donde tendremos

k1 = −0.9591 L1 = 1.4778

k2 = −0.9781 L2 = 1.5517

k3 = −0.9779 L3 = 1.5554

k4 = −0.9991 L4 = 1.6333

Finalmente la primera iteracion

( )
1
y1 := y0 +  k1 + 2  k2 + 2  k3 + k4 y1 = 6.7786
6

( )
1
z1 := z0 +  L1 + 2  L2 + 2  L3 + L4 z1 = 16.3322
6

SEGUNDA ITERACION

x1 := 1 + ( 1 )  ( 0.1) x1 = 1.1000 y1 = 6.7786 z1 = 16.3322

(
k1 := h  g x1 , y1 , z1 ) (
L1 := h  f x1 , y1 , z1 )
 h k1 L1   h k1 L1 
k2 := h  g x1 + , y1 + , z1 +  L2 := h  f  x1 + , y1 + , z1 + 
 2 2 2   2 2 2 

 h k2 L2   h k2 L2 
k3 := h  g x1 + , y1 + , z1 +  L3 := h  f  x1 + , y1 + , z1 + 
 2 2 2   2 2 2 

(
k4 := h  g x1 + h , y1 + k3 , z1 + L3 ) (
L4 := h  f x1 + h , y1 + k3 , z1 + L3 )
Finalmente la segunda iteracion sera:

( )
1
y2 := y1 +  k1 + 2  k2 + 2  k3 + k4 y2 = 5.7559
6

( )
1
z2 := z1 +  L1 + 2  L2 + 2  L3 + L4 z2 = 18.0499
6

TERCERA ITERACION

x2 := 1 + ( 2 )  ( 0.1) x2 = 1.2000 y2 = 5.7559 z2 = 18.0499

(
k1 := h  g x2 , y2 , z2 ) (
L1 := h  f x2 , y2 , z2 )
 h k1 L1   h k1 L1 
k2 := h  g x2 + , y2 + , z2 +  L2 := h  f  x2 + , y2 + , z2 + 
 2 2 2   2 2 2 

 h k2 L2   h k2 L2 
k3 := h  g x2 + , y2 + , z2 +  L3 := h  f  x2 + , y2 + , z2 + 
 2 2 2   2 2 2 

(
k4 := h  g x2 + h , y2 + k3 , z2 + L3 ) (
L4 := h  f x2 + h , y2 + k3 , z2 + L3 )

Finalmente la segunda iteracion sera:

( )
1
y3 := y2 +  k1 + 2  k2 + 2  k3 + k4 y3 = 4.6800
6

( )
1
z3 := z2 +  L1 + 2  L2 + 2  L3 + L4 z3 = 19.9482
6

x3 := 1 + 3  ( 0.1) x3 = 1.3000

Tabla de iteraciones

k X(k+1) Y(k+1) Z(k+1)

0 1 7,757 14,778
1 1,1 6,7786 16,3322
2 1,2 5,7559 18,0499
3 1,3 4,68 19,9482