PR-1948 - Electrical Safety Operating Procedures

Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.
UNRESTRICTED Document ID: PR-1948

Oct. 2010 Filing key: A-71
Electrical Safety Operating Procedures
User Note:
The requirements of this document are mandatory. Non-compliance shall only be

authorised by the Document Owner or his Delegate through STEP-OUT approval.
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Version 10.0
Petroleum Development Oman LLC Effective:Oct-10
Page 2 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

The controlled version of this CMF Document resides online in Livelink®. Printed copies are UNCONTROLLED.
Version 10.0
i Document Authorisation
Authorised for Issue Oct. 2010

Version 10.0
ii Revision History
The following is a brief summary of the 4 most recent revisions to this document. Details of all
revisions prior to these are held on file by the issuing department.
Note that changes made as part of Document Maintenance (correction of broken hyperlinks)
will not be recorded in this Revision Table.
Revision No. Date Author/ Changes/ Remarks

Editor
Version 10.0 Oct. 2010 Minor corrections made in ESOPs-4,6,7,
UIE/3S
15,18&22 in line with comments received
from field and cosmetic changes made in
all ESOPs
Version 9.0 May.10 Converted SP1108-1/25 to PR1948 and
UIE/3
reformatted, ref. indicators changed &
combined all ESOPs into ONE document
Version 8.0 Oct. 04 Minor changes
TTE/3
Version 7.0 Feb. 00 Converted to Specification as per PDO
TTE/3
policy Cascade, ESOP –13 deleted
iii Related Business Processes
Code Business Process (EPBM V.4.0)
EP-72 Maintenance and Assure Facilities Integrity
iv Related Corporate Management Frame Work (CMF) Documents

CP-14 Maintenance
GU-323 Key Business Control Document
GU-290 Power System Asset Management
PR-1947 Electrical safety Rules
PR-1259 Infrastructure Management Procedures
PR-1344 Asset Activity Registration and Deletion in SAP
The related CMF Documents can be retrieved from the CMF Business Control Portal at PDO
Website.

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Contents
i Document Authorisation..........................................................................3
ii Revision History........................................................................................4
iii Related Business Processes......................................................................4
iv Related Corporate Management Frame Work (CMF) Documents.....4
1. Introduction............................................................................................11
1.1 Purpose..............................................................................................................11
1.1.1 Specific Precautions...............................................................................................11
1.1.2 Distribution of Procedures.....................................................................................11
2. APPLICABLE STANDARDS, SPECIFICATION AND CODES.....12
3. ESOP Index.............................................................................................13
4. ESOP-1....................................................................................................15
1. General..............................................................................................................15
2. Custodian..........................................................................................................15
3. Scale of Issue of the ESR..................................................................................15
4. Scale of Issue of the ESOPs..............................................................................15
5. Identification of the ESR and ESOPs.................................................................15
6. Issue of the ESR and ESOPs.............................................................................15
7. LOSS OF ESR OR ESOPs...............................................................................16
5. ESOP – 2.................................................................................................17
1. Objectives..........................................................................................................17
2. Standard Electrical Locks..................................................................................17
2.1 Details of Approved Electrical Locks.................................................................17
3. Locking of Substations and Power Stations.......................................................19
4. Locking of Switchgear.......................................................................................19
5. Safety Padlocks.................................................................................................19
6. Provision of Key Safes......................................................................................19
7. Design and Use of Key Safes.............................................................................20
8. Issue of Keys.....................................................................................................21
9. Securing of Safety Padlock Keys when Key Safes are not available..................21
6. ESOP – 3.................................................................................................22
1. General..............................................................................................................22
2. Selection of Electrical Persons and Appointed Persons......................................22
2.1 General..................................................................................................................22
2.2 Competent Electrical Person (CEP)......................................................................23
2.3 Competent Electrical Switching Person (CESP)..................................................23
2.4 Authorised Electrical Person (AEP).....................................................................23
2.5 Senior Authorised Electrical Person (SAEP)........................................................23
2.6 Control Person (CP)..............................................................................................24
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2.7 Appointed Person (AP).........................................................................................24

3. Training of Electrical Persons and Appointed Persons.......................................25
3.1 General..................................................................................................................25
3.2 Training for Electrical Persons.............................................................................25
4. Assessment of Candidates for EP and AP Status................................................27
4.1 Competent Electrical Person (CEP)......................................................................27
4.2 Competent Electrical Switching Person (CESP)..................................................27
4.3 Authorised Electrical Person (AEP).....................................................................28
4.4 Senior Authorised Person (SAEP)........................................................................28
4.5 Control Person (CP)..............................................................................................28
4.6 Appointed Person (AP).........................................................................................29
5. Appointment of Electrical Persons and Appointed Persons................................29
6. Periodic Re-Assessment of Electrical Persons and Appointed Persons...............29
7. Recording of Training, Assessment and Registration of Appointments...............30
7.1 General..................................................................................................................30
7.2 Recording of Training & Assessment...................................................................30
7.3 Registration of Appointments...............................................................................30
7. ESOP – 4.................................................................................................33
1. Introduction.......................................................................................................33
2. Objective...........................................................................................................33
3. Preparation of Switching Programmes...............................................................33
4. Implementation of Switching Programmes.........................................................33
5. Emergency Switching Programmes....................................................................34
6. Emergency Switching Without Switching Programmes......................................34
8. ESOP – 5.................................................................................................39
1. General..............................................................................................................39
2. Approved Devices..............................................................................................39
3. Use of Devices...................................................................................................39
4. Method of Testing..............................................................................................39
5. Storage and Inspection.......................................................................................39
6. Inspection and Maintenance...............................................................................40
9. ESOP – 6.................................................................................................42
1. General..............................................................................................................42
2. Switchgear with Adequately Rated Earthing Capacity.......................................42
3. Approved Portable Earthing Leads for Use as Circuit Main Earths...................42
4. Approved Portable Earthing Leads for Use as Additional Earths.......................43
5. Identification of Portable Earthing Leads...........................................................43
6. Maintenance of Portable Earthing Leads...........................................................43
7. Operating Rods for Applying Portable Earthing Leads......................................43
8. Application of Portable Earthing Leads.............................................................44
10. ESOP – 7.................................................................................................46
1. General..............................................................................................................46
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2. Initial Construction Phase..................................................................................46

3. Final Construction Phase...................................................................................46
4. Scope of ESR....................................................................................................46
5. Notice of Commissioning Procedure..................................................................46
6. Notice of Commissioning Forms........................................................................47
11. ESOP – 8.................................................................................................49
1. General..............................................................................................................49
2. Basic Rules........................................................................................................49
3. Removing or Replacing LV Fuses on Switchboards...........................................49
4. Additional Precautions and Procedures..............................................................50
5. Energising LV Circuits.......................................................................................50
6. Fuse Replacement..............................................................................................50
12. ESOP – 9.................................................................................................52
1. Introduction.......................................................................................................52
2. Scope.................................................................................................................52
3. Boundaries / Responsible Persons......................................................................52
4. Procedures.........................................................................................................52
5. Method of Supply Connection...........................................................................53
6. Isolation / De-Isolation Procedure......................................................................53
7. Maintenance / Repair Activities.........................................................................53
8. Isolation / De-Isolation in Emergencies..............................................................54
9. Work Near or Under the Overhead Line.............................................................54
13. ESOP – 10...............................................................................................56
1. Objectives..........................................................................................................56
2. Cable Records...................................................................................................56
3. Visual and Physical Identification......................................................................56
4. Electrical Methods of Identification...................................................................56
5. Use of Electrical Testing Equipment to Identify Cables.....................................56
6. Use of Approved Cable Spiking Guns................................................................57
7. High Voltage Cables that need not to be Spiked................................................57
14. ESOP – 11................................................................................................59
1. General..............................................................................................................59
2. Generating or Rotating Plant.............................................................................59
3. Automatic Fire Protection Installations..............................................................59
4. Immobilisation/Mobilisation Procedure by AP- Specific LV Motors..................59
15. ESOP – 12...............................................................................................63
1. General..............................................................................................................63

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2. Notices..............................................................................................................63
3. Equipment to be Provided..................................................................................63
4. Information........................................................................................................64
5. Technical Data...................................................................................................64
6. Storage of Information.......................................................................................64
16. ESOP – 14...............................................................................................65
1. Objectives..........................................................................................................65
2. Loss of an Electrical Safety Document..............................................................65
17. ESOP – 15...............................................................................................66
1. General..............................................................................................................66
2. IDENTIFICATION of ELECTRICAL PERSONNEL......................................66
3. Selection of System Control Boundaries............................................................66
4. Operation of Apparatus.....................................................................................67
5. Schedule of System Control...............................................................................67
18. ESOP – 16...............................................................................................70
1. Objectives..........................................................................................................70
2. Preparation of Switchgear Operating Procedures...............................................70
3. Switchgear Operating Procedures......................................................................70
4. Approval of Switchgear Operating Procedures..................................................71
5. Preparation of Procedures for Appointed Persons..............................................71
6. Procedures for Appointed Persons.....................................................................71
7. Approval of Procedures for Appointed Persons.................................................72
19. ESOP – 17...............................................................................................73
1. General..............................................................................................................73
2. Identification of MEDC/ORPC/PDO Groups of Personnel................................73
3. Main Division of Control Responsibilities.........................................................73
4. Selection of System Control Boundaries............................................................74
5. Operation of Apparatus.....................................................................................74
6. Identification of Apparatus................................................................................74
7. Schedule of System Control and Operation........................................................74
20. ESOP – 18...............................................................................................76
1. General..............................................................................................................76
2. Objections..........................................................................................................76
3. Accidents and Incidents.....................................................................................76
4. Failure of Supply / Electrical Fault....................................................................76
5. Emergency Switching........................................................................................77
6. Control Person Reports......................................................................................77

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7. Guidelines for Preparing Fault / Failure Reports...............................................77

21. ESOP – 21...............................................................................................82
1. General..............................................................................................................82
2. The Need for Approved Portable LV Earthing Equipment..................................82
3. Approved Equipment for Use as LV Earths.......................................................82
4. Maintenance of LV Earthing Equipment............................................................83
5. Application of LV Earthing Devices..................................................................83
6. Applying LV Earths to Low Voltage Switchboards............................................83
22. ESOP – 22...............................................................................................85
1. General..............................................................................................................85
2. Objectives..........................................................................................................85
3. Live Line Working Practices..............................................................................85
3.1 General Precautions to be Observed for LLW......................................................85
3.2 Routine Care, Inspection and Electrical Testing of LLW Tools...........................87
3.3 Provision of Sufficient LLW Tools for LLW Procedures......................................88
3.4 LLW Team Numbers Required for Specific Procedures.......................................88
3.5 Safe Working Clearances or Distances.................................................................88
3.6 Illustration of LLW Procedures.............................................................................88
4. Live Line Washing Practices..............................................................................89
4.1 General..................................................................................................................89
4.2 Nozzle Design and Use.........................................................................................89
4.3 Water Pressure at the Nozzle................................................................................89
4.4 Conductivity of Water Used for LL Washing........................................................89
5. Contractor's LLW Procedures............................................................................90
5.1 What to Look for In Contractor's LLW Procedures..............................................90
5.2 English Translation of LLW Procedures...............................................................91
5.3 Stress Conditions of Conductors and Supports during LLW................................91
6. Contractor's Live Line Washing Procedures.......................................................92
6.1 What to Look for in Contractor's LL Washing Procedures...................................92
6.2 Portable LL Washing Equipment..........................................................................92
6.3 Conductivity of the Water Used for LL Washing..................................................93
7. PDO ESR and Live Line Working Procedures...................................................93
7.1 LLW Procedures - Initiation, Progress and Completion.......................................93
7.2 Interpretation of the ESR for LLW Procedures.....................................................94
7.3 PDO AEPs Duties for LLW Procedures................................................................95
8. PDO ESR and Live Line Washing Procedures...................................................96
8.1 LLW Procedures Initiation, Progress and Completion........................................96
8.2 Application of the ESR for LL Washing Procedures............................................96
ESOP – 23............................................................................................................100
1. Objectives........................................................................................................100
2. PDO Policy.....................................................................................................100
3. Action Required on PDO Sites........................................................................100
4. Operation of Units Subject to an Operational Restriction................................100
5. Removal Of A PDO Operational Restriction....................................................101
23. ESOP – 23/S1........................................................................................103
1. Background to Restriction...............................................................................103
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2. Operational Restriction....................................................................................103
3. Requirements Of ESOP 23..............................................................................104
24. ESOP – 24.............................................................................................105
1. Objectives........................................................................................................105
2. Purpose of the ESOP.......................................................................................105
3. Relevant Requirements of the ESR..................................................................105
4. Provision of Safety Equipment Called for by other ESOP...............................105
5. Provision and Inspection of Approved Insulated Tools.....................................105
6. Provision, Storage and Testing of Approved Electrical Rubber Gloves............106
7. Provision of Eye Protection for Use When Switching......................................106
8. Flexible Leads for Use with Portable Voltage Operated Instruments................106
8.1 Permanently Attached Leads...............................................................................106
8.2 Temporarily Attached Leads...............................................................................107
8.3 Fuses for Flexible Leads......................................................................................107
25. ESOP – 25.............................................................................................109
1. General............................................................................................................109
2. Use of Electrical Safety Documents.................................................................109
3. Preparation of Electrical Safety Documents.....................................................110
4. Issue of Electrical Safety Documents...............................................................111
4.1 Electrical Permits-to-Work..................................................................................111
4.2 Sanctions-for-Test................................................................................................111
4.3 Limitations-of-Access..........................................................................................111
5. Cancellation of Electrical Safety Documents....................................................111
5.1 Electrical Permits-to-Work..................................................................................111
5.2 Sanctions-for-Test................................................................................................112
5.3 Limitations-of-Access..........................................................................................112
6. Retention of Electrical Safety Documents........................................................112
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A - GLOSSARY OF DEFINITIONS, TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS..................................128
SP USER-COMMENT FORM.........................................................................................................................117

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1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
These ELECTRICAL SAFETY OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES are issued by the Corporate
Functional Discipline Head Electrical to supplement the PDO ELECTRICAL SAFETY
RULES and define policies that assist in their implementation.
The policies defined in these PROCEDURES cover a wide range of subjects that affect the
safe operation work on the PDO HIGH and associated LOW VOLTAGE electrical systems
and include the detail of the APPROVED method and devices called for in the
ELECTRICAL SAFETY RULES.
1.1.1 Specific Precautions

Certain PROCEDURES call for specific precautions or methods to be adopted in particular
operations, individual locations or sites. These PROCEDURES shall be given a suffix 'S'
after the ESOP number.
1.1.2 Distribution of Procedures

The distribution of these PROCEDURES shall be in accordance with ESOP 1.

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2. APPLICABLE STANDARDS, SPECIFICATION AND CODES

The following documents shall be referred when applying the requirement of this standard .
DOCUMENT TITLE REF. ESOP CUST.
1. Electrical Safety Rules PR-1947 all UIE/3

2. PTW Manual SP - 1172 all CSM
3. HSES Manual HSEM all CSM
4. Incident Investigation, Reporting and SRD/P/01 18 CSM
Follow-up Procedures & Guidelines (version
2.0)
5. Fire Extinguishers SRD/S/02 12 CSM
6. Emergency Response Procedure Part III PR -1168 18 UIE / 3
Volume 7: Electrical Utilities (Interior)
7. Emergency Response Procedure Part III PR-1168 18 UIB/12
Volume 10: MAF Offices
8. Insulating poles (insulating sticks) and IEC 60832 24 UIE / 4
universal tool attachment (fittings) for live
working
9. Hand tools for live working up to 1000Vac IEC 60900 24 UIE / 4
and 1500Vdc
10. Specification for rubber gloves for electrical BS 697 24 UIE / 4
purposes
11. Specification for eye-protectors for (non-) BS 2092 24 UIE / 4
industrial uses
12. Electrical test equipment for use by UK HSE 24 UIE / 4
Electricians HSE guidance note GS 38

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3. ESOP Index
ESOP ISSUE ESOP TITLE

NO DATE
1 10 / 2010 ISSUE OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY RULES AND ELECTRICAL

SAFETY OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
2 10 / 2010 LOCKING PROCEDURES AND PROVISION AND USE OF KEY

SAFES
3 10 / 2010 SELECTION, TRAINING, ASSESSMENT AND APPOINTMENT OF

ELECTRICAL PERSONS (EPs) AND APPOINTED PERSONS (APs)
4 10 / 2010 PREPARATION AND USE OF SWITCHING PROGRAMMES FOR

HIGH VOLTAGE SYSTEMS
5 10 / 2010 VOLTAGE TESTING AND PHASING OUT DEVICES
6 10 / 2010 EARTHING EQUIPMENT FOR USE ON HIGH VOLTAGE

APPARATUS
7 10 / 2010 NOTICE OF COMMISSIONING OF HIGH VOLTAGE APPARATUS
8 10 / 2010 BASIC RULES FOR PLANT OPERATION
9 10 / 2010 INTERFACE PROCEDURES BETWEEN PDO OPERATIONAL AREAS

AND THIRD PARTY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS.
10 10 / 2010 ELECTRICAL IDENTIFICATION OF UNDERGROUND CABLES
11 10 / 2010 MECHANICAL RULES FOR GENERATING MACHINES AND OTHER

PLANT
12 10 / 2010 PROVISION OF SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT AND INFORMATION
13 DELETED
14 10 / 2010 LOSS OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS AND ELECTRICAL

KEYS
ESOP ISSUE ESOP TITLE

NO DATE
15 10 / 2010 BOUNDARY PROCEDURE FOR THE INTERIOR HIGH VOLTAGE

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
16 10 / 2010 PROVISION OF SWITCHGEAR OPERATING PROCEDURES &

PROCEDURES FOR APPOINTED PERSONS
17 10 / 2010 BOUNDARY PROCEDURE FOR COASTAL AREA OETC/ORC/PDO

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
18 10 / 2010 REPORTING OF ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS AND EMERGENCY

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SWITCHING
19 Reserved for future use
20 Reserved for future use
21 10 / 2010 APPLICATION OF LV EARTHING DEVICES TO LOW VOLTAGE

SWITCHBOARDS
22 10 / 2010 LIVE LINE WORKING AND LIVE LINE WASHING PRACTICES
23 10 / 2010 IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH OR LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR

SUBJECT TO AN OPERATIONAL RESTRICTION
23/S1 10 / 2010 OPERATIONAL RESTRICTION ON HOLEC CAPITOLE 3 AND 3N

LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHBOARDS
24 10 / 2010 PROVISION OF MISCELLANEOUS SAFETY EQUIPMENT FOR

OPERATIONAL PURPOSES
25 10 / 2010 PREPARATION, ISSUE, CLEARANCE, CANCELLATION AND

RETENTION OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS

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4. ESOP-1
ESOP-1- ISSUE OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY RULES AND ELECTRICAL
SAFETY OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
1. General
1.1 All persons who have to operate work or supervise activities on the PDO HV or
associated LV electrical systems require a copy of the ESR.
1.2 All EPs and those who are involved in managing these systems require a copy of the
ESOPs.
1.3 This PROCEDURE is issued to ensure that all such persons who require ESR or
ESOPs either have personal copies or have ready access to them.
2. Custodian
2.1 The Custodian for both the ESR and ESOPs is the CFDH-E.
2.2 All new issues, revisions, amendments or additions to both ESR and ESOPs shall be
prepared, approved and issued under the direction of the CFDH-E.
2.3 The scale of issue of both ESR and ESOPs shall be the responsibility of the CFDH-
E.
3. Scale of Issue of the ESR

3.1 All PDO and Contractor's personnel who hold a CofA as SAEP, AEP, CESP, CEP, CP
and AP shall be issued with a personal copy of the ESR.
3.2 All other issues of the ESR for PDO management, information or training purposes
shall be at the discretion of the CFDH-E.
4. Scale of Issue of the ESOPs

4.1 All PDO and Contractor's personnel who hold a CofA as SAEP, AEP, CESP, CEP and
CP shall be issued with a personal copy of the ESOPs.
4.2 All other issues of the ESOPs for PDO management, information or training
purposes shall be at the discretion of the CFDH-E.
5. Identification of the ESR and ESOPs

5.1 All copies of the ESR and ESOPs shall be identified by an individual number.
The individual number shall be the ESR number, as indicated on the CofA.
5.2 Head of Power system operation and maintenance shall keep a record so that all
copies of both the ESR and ESOPs can be located in the possession of the person or
department issued with them.
5.3 Personal copies of ESR and ESOPs shall not be transferred when an individual
either leaves or no longer requires them; his copies of both the ESR and ESOPs
shall be returned to the Head of Power system operation and maintenance.
6. Issue of the ESR and ESOPs

6.1 Head of Power system operation and maintenance shall ensure that a record is kept
of individual copy numbers of all ESR and ESOPs issued to PDO and Contractor's
personnel.

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6.2 Recipients shall be instructed to maintain their personal copies of ESR and ESOPs
in good order and be responsible for updating them when revisions, amendments
and additions are issued.
6.3 When copies of ESR and ESOPs are issued for information to a Contractor,
Consultant or PDO Department, then a named representative shall sign a receipt and
be made responsible for maintaining them in good order, and updating them when
revisions, amendments or additions are issued.
7. LOSS OF ESR OR ESOPs

7.1 Loss of any copy of ESR or ESOPs shall be reported to the appropriate Head
of Power system operation and maintenance

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5. ESOP – 2
ESOP 2 LOCKING PROCEDURES, PROVISION OF KEY SAFES

AND ISSUE OF KEYS
1. Objectives
1.1 To specify standards for the secure locking arrangements for all power stations and
substations to prevent unauthorised access.
1.2 To specify standards for the secure locking of HV and associated LV APPARATUS,
both in the service position and when it has been ISOLATED, to allow safe working
under ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS. i.e. ELECTRICAL PERMITS-TO-
WORK, SANCTIONS-FOR-TEST, LIMITATIONS-OF-ACCESS or ELECTRICAL
ISOLATION/DE-ISOLATION CERTIFICATES.
1.3 To monitor the issue of keys for STANDARD ELECTRICAL PADLOCKS, SAFETY
PADLOCKS and KEY SAFES to persons authorised to receive them.
2. Standard Electrical Locks

2.1 A master slave system or similar double key system shall be adopted in all PDO
Area.
2.2 The system adopted shall allow for at least two levels of STANDARD ELECTRICAL
PADLOCKS/LOCKS to be available for use so that access can be limited to persons
appointed under the ESR.
2.3 Details of the STANDARD ELECTRICAL PADLOCKS/LOCKS used at present by
Electrical Infrastructure Department are given in the following sections.
2.4 All locks shall be UNION make and engraved as detailed in the following sections.
2.5 All locks shall be procured by Electrical Infrastructure Operation & Maintenance
Department. These locks shall be kept in safe custody of the Power System Control
Person
2.6 The Electrical Control Person shall issue required electrical locks to the Company
Project departments as and when required for free issue to the Contractors for use in
Company Project works.
2.6 The locks shall be issued to the responsible person of the contractor. The Project
department shall maintain proper record of all issue of locks to the contractors and
ensure that they are not misplaced / misused and are traceable. The project
department and the contractor shall be accountable for all the locks issued.
2.1 Details of Approved Electrical Locks

Manufacturer
UNION LOCKS-JOSIAH PARKES & SONS LTD
UNION WORKS – WILLEN HALL- ENGLAND
Local Dealer
DHIYA AL-HILAL TRADING EST
VENDOR CODE NUMBER: 100847
Vendor e-mail: jeetgopi@omantel.net.om
Types of Locks

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For LV Isolation /Panels

SAP No. 1000798910
Series : LT
Size: 31mm.
Type: J3104
Description: Cylinder type, brass automatic locking with nickel plated hardened steel spring
shackle to be master keyed to the existing BFFW / LT engraved locks, supplied with 2 keys.
Locks and keys are to be engraved with serial numbers from LT2101 to LT2300.
NOTE: Required serial numbers for use are to be obtained from the Power System Control
Person,
For HV Isolation /Panels

SAP No.: 1000798910
Series : HT
Size: 31mm.
Type: J3104
Description: Cylinder type, brass automatic locking with nickel plated hardened steel spring
shackle to be master keyed to the existing BFFW / HT engraved locks, supplied with 2
keys. Locks and keys are to be engraved with serial numbers from LT2101 to LT2300.
Person,
For Substation and power station Gates and Doors with Tower Bolts
SAP No.: 1090002027
Type: HMKN
Series: EB
Size: 50 mm.
Description : “Pin tumbler padlock,50mm,type: Cylinder brass automatic locking with Nickel
plated hardened steel spring shackle to be master keyed to existing HMKN/EB locks,
complete with 2 keys.
Locks and Keys are to be engraved as “HMKN/EB”
Person,
For Substation and power station Doors
SAP No.: 1090002029
Type: HMKN
Series : EB
Size: 25x25 mm.
Description: Barrel type Satin Chrome Rim Cylinder, 25x25mm, locks to be master keyed to
existing HMKN/EB locks, complete with 2 keys. Lock and keys are to be engraved with
serial nos.
Note: Required serial numbers are to be obtained from the Control Person, Yibal Power
station.
For HV switchyards and HV Isolators
SAP No.:1090002028
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Type: CCRK
Series : OHL
Size: 50 mm.
Description: “Pin tumbler padlock, 50mm, brass automatic locking with Nickel plated
hardened steel spring shackle to be master keyed to existing CCRK/OHL locks, complete
with 2 keys. Lock and keys engraved with serial nos.
Note: Required serial numbers are to be obtained from the Control Person, Yibal Power
station
3. Locking of Substations and Power Stations

3.1 STANDARD ELECTRICAL PADLOCKS/LOCKS level 2 (HMKN/EB) shall be fitted to
the access doors or gates for all indoor and outdoor substations and those of power
stations.
3.2 In those substations and power stations where there are compounds or enclosures
containing exposed LIVE HV conductors, the higher level-1 CCRK/OHL of
STANDARD ELECTRICAL PADLOCK/LOCK shall be used to secure the gates
leading to that compound or enclosure.
4. Locking of Switchgear
4.1 HV switchgear in indoor substations shall not normally have its lockable parts (i.e.
racking handles, panel doors, control handles etc.) locked when in the service
position, as only persons appointed under the ESR will have access to the
switchgear.
4.2 If persons not appointed under the ESR are to have access to the HV switchgear,
then the SAEP shall decide if it is prudent to fit STANDARD ELECTRICAL
PADLOCKS to the switchgear's lockable parts.
4.3 Emergency trip buttons or switches shall be left unlocked, unless the AEP
responsible for operation of the switchgear in that indoor substation requires them to
be secured.
4.4 Each lockable part of HV switchgear in outdoor substations shall be locked with a
STANDARD ELECTRICAL PADLOCK when in the service position.
4.5 Each mechanism of all manually operated HV disconnector or circuits breakers,
mounted on poles or structures outside substations, etc., shall be locked with a
STANDARD ELECTRICAL PADLOCK when in the service position.
5. Safety Padlocks
5.1 SAFETY PADLOCKS shall be of a non standard or unique type and be supplied with
only one key for each lock (i.e. no master key shall be supplied or be available).
Each such lock shall be marked with a clearly readable individual number.
5.2 SAFETY PADLOCKS shall be kept available for issue to SAEPs, AEPs, CESPs and
CEPs for their use when carrying out SWITCHING, prior to work being carried out on
either HV or LV APPARATUS.
5.3 These SAFETY PADLOCKS shall be used in accordance with the ESR, on points of
ISOLATION for APPARATUS that is subject to an ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DOCUMENT.
6. Provision of Key Safes

6.1 KEY SAFES with union padlocks shall be provided at all power stations and Area
Offices.

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KEY SAFES shall be provided at all substations unless they are within a convenient
distance of KEY SAFES fitted in higher voltage substations (e.g. 132kV), power
stations or Area Offices.
6.2 Area Offices may also provide portable KEY SAFES which may be taken and used at
remote sites (e.g., for use on HV motor circuits).
7. Design and Use of Key Safes

7.1 All KEY SAFES shall be used in accordance with the ESR for the secure retention of
all SAFETY PADLOCK keys used to lock means of ISOLATION, EARTHING or other
safety devices.
7.2 KEY SAFES shall be fitted, or be capable of being fitted, with at least two unique
locks with keys.
7.3 A unique lock shall be 'locked' and the key given to a person issued with an
ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT.
A unique lock shall be 'locked' and a key retained by the SAEP or AEP issuing the
SAFETY DOCUMENT.
No KEY SAFE shall be capable of being opened, until all the keys to the unique locks
securing it have been returned, to the SAEP or AEP who is to cancel the
ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT.

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8. Issue of Keys
8.1 The level of STANDARD ELECTRICAL PADLOCK/LOCK keys shall be issued to
SAEPs, AEPs, CESPs and CEPs according to their duties.
8.2 Some APs may need to be issued with the lower level of STANDARD ELECTRICAL
PADLOCK/LOCK keys depending on the specific duties they have been appointed to
carry out.
8.3 All persons issued with STANDARD ELECTRICAL PADLOCK/LOCK keys shall sign
a key Receipt form.
Such keys shall be returned when the recipient leaves the PDO Area or when his
authorisation is withdrawn.
8.4 The Area Operations Electrical Supervisor shall maintain a record of all such keys
that he is responsible for issuing.
9. Securing of Safety Padlock Keys when Key Safes are not available
9.1 ESR Rule 5.3(b) requires that keys of SAFETY PADLOCKS used for locking points
of ISOLATION shall be placed in a KEY SAFE or secured by another APPROVED
security method. i.e., for long transmission lines the key for the far end can be
placed in a far end key box and the box key retained by an AEP.
If KEY SAFES are not readily available, or the work is to be only of short duration,
either of the methods detailed in 9.2 and 9.3 are APPROVED for use.
9.2 The SAEP or AEP issuing an ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT shall retain on his
person the SAFETY PADLOCK keys used to lock the points of ISOLATION, etc., for
the APPARATUS to be worked on, until the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT is
cleared and cancelled by the same SAEP or AEP.
9.3 The SAEP or AEP issuing an ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT shall apply two
SAFETY PADLOCKS to each point of ISOLATION.
One of the two SAFETY PADLOCK keys shall be issued to and retained by the
recipient of the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT, the other shall be retained by
the SAEP or AEP until the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT is cleared and
cancelled by the same SAEP or AEP.

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6. ESOP – 3
ESOP 3 SELECTION, TRAINING, ASSESSMENT AND
APPOINTMENT OF ELECTRICAL PERSONS (EPs) AND APPOINTED
PERSONS (APs)
1. General
1.1 This PROCEDURE is issued to provide guidelines for the selection, training,
assessment and appointment of individuals who are to be appointed under the ESR
as EPs or APs.
1.2 The method of applying to the CFDH-E for candidates to be appointed is detailed.
Appendix A shows a specimen of the types of CofA in use.
1.3 A periodic re-assessment of EPs and APs operational competence and discipline is
called for on a three yearly basis.
1.4 A proper registration system shall be kept of all matters pertaining to the training,
assessment and appointment of persons.
1.5 Before applying for assessment for each level of authorization, the followings shall
be ensured;
a) An Electrical Engineer, authorised as a CEP can move from CEP to AEP
within one year period of experience as CEP and should have carried out a
minimum of 10 switching program.
b) Electrical technician should have at least 6 months period of experience as
CEP for assessment to move to CESP
c) A CESP should have at least one year experience as CESP and should
have carried out a minimum of 10 switching programme before he is
qualified for assessment to move to AEP position
d) An AEP should have worked a minimum one year as AEP before applying
for assessment for the level of SAEP.
e) The candidate shall have attended the appropriate course for the level of
authorisation he is applying for
f) Electrical authorisation applications for contractors’ personnel shall be
evaluated by the CFDH-E and CDFP-E maintenance. The required level of
experience shall be dependent on the nature and the type of activity the
contractors’ personnel is being appointed for.
2. Selection of Electrical Persons and Appointed Persons
2.1 General
As stipulated in ESR, Rule 2.1.4, it is possible for non-PDO staff to be appointed as EPs or
APs, if so required for business reasons. Most often this is the case for contractor or
vendor staff involved in the commissioning and/or maintenance of new facilities or
equipment.
The requirements to obtain authorisation for a specific category are defined
in Sections 2.2 u/i 2.7, and shall be equally valid for PDO and non-PDO staff, except
that in case of non-PDO staff, the CofA shall clearly state that the scope of authority
is limited to commissioning and/or maintenance/contracted out system operation
within prescribed boundaries (e.g., equipment of an EPC contractor's site).
In case of the appointment of non-PDO staff, it is the vendor's or contractor's responsibility
to provide a suitably electrically qualified candidate to undertake this role and to provide
evidence to show that the candidate has sufficient operational experience to carry out the
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duties and responsibilities commensurate with the level of appointment sought. This shall
include the ability to be able to understand and work to the ESR and any relevant ESOPs.
Irrespective of a candidate's qualifications it is required that he follows the ESR courses
and be assessed to the same degree as would apply for a PDO staff seeking a similar level
of appointment.
2.2 Competent Electrical Person (CEP)

A person being considered for training shall prove himself is able to acquire sufficient
electrical technical knowledge and experience to avoid DANGER to himself and others
when working on or near HV or LV electrical systems. An electrical engineering background
or qualification would be an advantage. Some knowledge of types of HV and LV
APPARATUS would be useful.
A person being considered for appointment shall demonstrate sufficient electrical technical
knowledge and experience to avoid DANGER to himself and others when working on or
near HV or LV electrical systems.
A methodical approach when working to instructions or on his own initiative is a
requirement, as it is difficult to instil good operational discipline into a person with a
carefree approach to the potential dangers inherent in all electrical installations.
Ability to be able to read and understand the intention of the ESR and the precautions it
calls for is necessary.
2.3 Competent Electrical Switching Person (CESP)

The person being considered for training and/or appointment shall as a minimum, satisfy
the requirements specified in Section 1 & 2.2. The following shall be taken into account
when selecting a person for this role:-
(a) Ability to follow instructions for both LV SWITCHING and work.
(b) Ability to give clear verbal and written instructions to CEPs.
(c) Be able to appreciate the details of the Sections of the ESR and those ESOPs
affecting the LV SWITCHING and work he is to undertake.
2.4 Authorised Electrical Person (AEP)

The person being considered for training and/or appointment shall, as a minimum, satisfy
the requirements in Section 1 & 2.2 and should have acceptable qualification and formal
training in electrical engineering practice.
The following shall be taken into account when selecting a person for this role:-
(a) Ability to follow instructions for both HV and LV SWITCHING and work.
(b) Ability to give clear verbal and written instructions to CEPs.
(c) Be able to appreciate the details of the Sections of the ESR and those ESOPs
affecting all the SWITCHING and work he is to undertake.
2.5 Senior Authorised Electrical Person (SAEP)

2.5.1 The person being considered for training or appointment shall, as a minimum meet the
requirements of Section 1 & 2.4.
He must have the required experience, electrical qualifications and knowledge of electrical
systems to undertake all the duties and responsibilities of a SAEP, as detailed in both ESR
and ESOPs. He shall be able to appreciate the electrical system on which he is to operate,
direct work to be carried out in a safe manner, and be able to make himself familiar with the
APPARATUS it contains. Additionally, he shall have a clear understanding of the ESR and
ESOPs so that he can train EPs having a lower or no electrical authority level.
2.5.2 Electrical engineering personnel, with operational experience, arriving from another
Operating Company or similar organisation, shall first be assessed and if found suitable,
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appointed as AEPs. When they have been made familiar with the ESR, the ESOPs and
PDO operational practices, and have been given opportunities to discover the details of the
electrical systems and HV and LV APPARATUS they are to operate, then is the time to
consider them for SAEP status.
2.6 Control Person (CP)

The person being considered for training or appointment shall, as a minimum, meet the
requirements of Section 2.5.
In addition the CP shall fully understand the electrical system within the defined boundaries
for which he is to be appointed, and an appreciation of any other electrical systems that are
connected to it across defined control boundary points.
He will have to be able to absorb the details and characteristics of generation, transmission
and distribution equipment in the specified electrical system, be capable of making
decisions regarding suspect APPARATUS and associated protection settings and be able to
give guidance where necessary to field operators.
2.7 Appointed Person (AP)

2.7.1 For use in certain situations, or at specific locations, there is the need of a person who can
carry out tasks that would normally be done by EPs as a small part of their operational
duties. [See ESR Section 10.0]
2.7.2 If a PDO production unit or facility needs selected members of their staff to carry out duties
that requires them to be of AP status, then they shall approach the Area Operations
Electrical Supervisor to check if they will agree to the such appointments for any of the
following activities:-
(a) Carry out a specific limited HV SWITCHING from a position remote from the circuit
breaker, or limited LV SWITCHING. This SWITCHING shall be limited to the closing
and opening of a circuit breaker or contractor controlling a generator, motor etc.
(b) Enter substations under the control of an Area Operations Electrical Supervisor.
(c) Carry out any other specified activity that is normally carried out by Area Operations
Electrical personnel.
2.7.3 It is essential that persons who are selected to carry out these types of tasks receive
sufficient training, and clear instructions in writing, so they are warned of any potential
hazards that may arise when they are carrying out them out.
2.7.4 The role of the AP is generally defined in the ESR Rule 2.1.4.8

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3. Training of Electrical Persons and Appointed Persons
3.1 General
3.1.1 If the selection process laid down in Section 2.0 is followed, the training required by all EPs
and APs can follow a similar pattern depending only on the level of authorisation required.
3.1.2 A copy of the ESR shall be made available to all candidates at least four weeks prior to
assessment with a note setting out the Sections that apply to this particular authorisation.
This is so the person can make himself familiar with the intention and detail of the Sections
of the ESR affecting the operations and work he is to undertake.
3.1.3 A copy of the ESOPs shall be made available at least four weeks prior to assessment to
candidates to be authorised. This is so the person can make himself familiar with the
specific ESOPs that affect the operations or work he is to undertake.
3.1.4 All candidates shall attend and pass with a minimum mark of 70% the formal operational
training course to become familiar with the ESR and any ESOPs relevant to their intended
'authorisation'. This course shall be attended prior to authorisation. In addition candidates
for level AEP and up shall attend and pass with a minimum mark of 70% the high voltage
ESR familiarisation course.
3.2 Training for Electrical Persons

3.2.1 The main training need for EPs is for them to be made familiar with the APPARATUS and
electrical systems on which they will have to operate or work. This training can only be
given on site by an experienced SAEP or AEP, as per the approved assessor list.
It is not necessary for a candidate to be made familiar with every particular type of
switchgear or transformer on the system, but his practical training should be sufficient that
he will behave in a prudent manner when he has to operate or work on unfamiliar
APPARATUS.
3.2.2 When candidates are being trained to operate on the HV or LV systems, they shall carry out
operations whilst accompanied by an experienced SAEP or AEP.
The CP shall be told that the candidate is carrying out HV SWITCHING under the direct
supervision of an AEP who is to be responsible for his actions.
3.2.3 On-site training shall include, depending on the level of the authorisation required, the
following:-
· Correct operation of APPARATUS.
· Locking-off at points of ISOLATION with SAFETY PADLOCKS or using some other
APPROVED method.
· Use of KEY SAFES.
· Attaching of NOTICES called for in the ESR.

· Use of voltage testing devices.
· Application of CMEs, AEs and LV EARTHS.
3.2.4 For AEPs the writing of SWITCHING PROGRAMMES and ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DOCUMENTS shall be included in the training. Persons shall be instructed to print all
details and not to use normal handwriting.
The responsibility of taking and checking all the necessary precautions before issuing an
ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK is very much more onerous than receiving such
document.
Persons in training shall, under supervision, be made to write the SWITCHING
PROGRAMME, carry out all precautions including the SWITCHING operations, secure
SAFETY PADLOCK keys, use voltage testing devices, apply CMEs and prepare and issue
the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT.
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The person under training shall discuss the reasons for the items he has entered on his
SWITCHING PROGRAMME with the 'supervisor', explaining the reasons why he is taking
the precautions he has listed, prior to issuing the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT.
An essential part of the training is that the person issuing the ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DOCUMENT explains its purpose to the recipient and makes sure that he is aware of the
work the document covers. This is a particularly important aspect of a person's training, for
when issuing such documents, some recipients of ELECTRICAL PERMITS-TO-WORK may
not be familiar with the ESR and its requirements (e.g., contractors staff), while others may
be very experienced PDO personnel and 'think' they know what is to be done!
3.2.5 The above paragraphs in Section 3.0 are not exhaustive but shall be used as a basic guide
to the type of training necessary before assessing persons for appointment as EPs.
3.2.6 TRAINING FOR APPOINTED PERSONS
The training of APs to carry out selected tasks shall be carried out under the supervision of
the Area Operations Electrical Supervisor or his delegate.
The person in charge of AP training shall have AEP status as a minimum requirement.
The importance of specifying the limits of clearly defined activities that such APs shall be
allowed to carry out is the prime object of training.

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4. Assessment of Candidates for EP and AP Status
4.1 Competent Electrical Person (CEP)

4.1.1 To meet the general requirements of Section 2.1 the following procedure shall be adopted
when assessing the candidate for appointment as a CEP.
4.1.2 Check knowledge of, and familiarity, with the types of electrical APPARATUS he is to
operate and/or work.
4.1.3 Check understanding of simple electrical terms and, if possible, circuitry.
4.1.4 Check knowledge and intention of the ESR, such as:-
· When is an ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK necessary?
· What precautions, in general terms, are taken to avoid DANGER to the recipient of
an ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK?
· What precautions are taken to avoid DANGER to a person working on LV
APPARATUS?
4.1.5 Check knowledge in general terms of some of the following ESR Sections and specific
Rules:-
· Section 1.0: All
· Section 2.0: All
· Section 3.0: 3.1, 3.2, 3.4 and 3.5
· Section 4.0: Does he understand what he is allowed to do under the 'authorisation'
he is being assessed to undertake?
· Section 5.0: 5.1.1, 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.1.4, 5.4, 5.5.3 and 5.6
· Section 6.0: Paragraphs on ELECTRICAL ISOLATION / DE-ISOLATION
CERTIFICATES and those affecting the recipient of ELECTRICAL
PERMITS-TO-WORK and LIMITATIONS-OF-ACCESS.
· Section 7.0: 7.1.2, 7.1.3, 7.1.4, 7.1.6.2, 7.1.7.3, 7.2.2 and 7.8.
The assessment shall include a written test and a subsequent interview with a discussion on
the results of the written test to assess the candidate’s knowledge of the ESR sections
involved.
4.1.6 As the authorisation includes the SWITCHING and work on LV APPARATUS, a simple
programme of SWITCHING shall be drawn up to include the operation of LV switchgear
units, withdrawal of fuses, use of SAFETY PADLOCKS and attaching of CAUTION and
DANGER NOTICES.
The candidate shall be instructed to carry out this simple SWITCHING and then explain to
the person who is to carry out the work what precautions he must observe when working.
Check he is SWITCHING and operating in accordance with ESOP 8.
4.1.7 It is doubtful if the candidate will be word perfect on some of these assessment exercises,
but his attitude and general approach are more important to look for rather than a 'parrot'
type recitation of Rules and Procedures.
Note: Regarding the ESOPs, the CEP candidate needs only to be assessed against
ESOP 5, 8, 23, 23S1 and 24.
4.2 Competent Electrical Switching Person (CESP)

The same assessment as 4.1, but as he should have a greater experience on the LV
electrical systems, the candidate shall be given a more complex LV SWITCHING
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programme to carry out, including operations on switchboards with back feeds. Check that
his knowledge of the relevant Sections of the ESR is adequate.
4.3 Authorised Electrical Person (AEP)

4.3.1 To meet the requirements of paragraph 2.4, the following procedure shall be adopted when
assessing the candidate for appointment as an AEP.
4.3.2 Check his knowledge of types of HV and LV APPARATUS on which he is to operate and
issue ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS.
4.3.3 Depending on the authorisation for which he is being assessed, check that he is familiar
with both the intention and the detail of the ESR.
The candidate shall be checked on the ESR regarding the issue and cancellation of
ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS, excluding only SANCTIONS-FOR-TEST, by a
written test and subsequent interview to discuss the results of the written test.
4.3.4 He shall be required to prepare a SWITCHING PROGRAMME which includes the issue of
an ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT.
4.3.5 The candidate shall then carry out the SWITCHING PROGRAMME on the circuit chosen,
including the opening and making DEAD, ISOLATING, locking off with SAFETY
PADLOCKS, testing with a voltage testing device and application of CMEs. He should
attach the appropriate CAUTION, DANGER and EARTHED NOTICES. Check he is
operating in accordance with ESOP 8.
4.3.6 He shall be familiar with requirement of ELECTRICAL PERMITS-TO-WORK and shall
issue and explain the document to the recipient.
The ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK shall be cleared by the recipient and cancelled by
the candidate and the circuit be restored to service.
4.3.7 Candidates shall be asked to explain the conditions under which SANCTIONS-FOR-TEST
are issued and received.
4.3.8 The candidate's methodical approach to operations and work is an important measure of his
operational discipline for which he is being assessed.
4.4 Senior Authorised Person (SAEP)

4.4.1 To meet the requirements of Section 2.5, the following procedure shall be adopted when a
candidate is assessed for appointment as a SAEP.
4.4.2 The candidate shall already have the experience level of an AEP as per section 4.3.
4.4.3 The issue and cancellation of a SANCTION-FOR-TEST shall be included.
4.4.4 The most important part of this assessment is to gauge the candidate's attitude to
operational situations, and his approach to operating and working safely on both HV
and LV electrical systems. An experienced operational engineer shall operate and behave
in a manner that he expects his AEPs and CEPs to follow, and his calm and studied
approach to plant failures, emergencies and loss of supply situations is most important.
The assessment shall include a written test and subsequent interview to review the results
of the written test.
4.5 Control Person (CP)

4.5.1 An appointed Control Person (CP) must have been assessed and appointed on SAEP
authorisation level. His skills on SAEP level must have been demonstrated over a
reasonable period of time, also depending on his time in the job.
CP candidate profile:

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- For operational areas and the coastal utilities area he is the most senior electrical
supervisor.
- For a utilities area the CP will be nominated for assessment and appointment by the
Head of Utility.
4.5.2 It is not necessary that the CP should be familiar with the specific operation of all
APPARATUS on the system for which he is to be responsible, but he should have a good
appreciation of its capabilities and technical limitations.
All nominated Control Persons must be interviewed by the CFDH-E as part of the
assessment procedure.
4.5.3 All operational and utilities areas with permanent electrical installations must have a CP in
the area at all times.
4.6 Appointed Person (AP)

4.6.1 Any application from a PDO production unit or facility for a candidate to become an AP
shall, following the necessary training, be sent to the Area Operations Electrical Supervisor.
4.6.2 The Area Operations Electrical Supervisor shall ensure that he is satisfied with the person's
training and check that he is competent to carry out the specified activities detailed on the
application form.
In particular, it is important that such candidates are aware of the limits of the operational
duties they may be allowed to undertake on the electrical systems.
4.6.3 If the candidate is to be required to carry out limited SWITCHING duties, the Area
Operations Electrical Supervisor shall produce a written procedure detailing the agreed
items of SWITCHING and procedures he will carry out. This procedure shall be submitted
to the appropriate Head of Utility for approval before applying for the candidate's
appointment.
5. Appointment of Electrical Persons and Appointed Persons

5.1 The assessment for appointment to EP or AP status shall be carried out by a selected
SAEP, nominated by the Head of Utility. In addition the CFDH-E shall interview all
candidates assessed for AEP, SAEP and CP status.
5.2 All appointments of AEP level and above shall be approved by the CFDH-E, CofA below
AEP level can be approved by the nominated assessing SAEP .
5.3 For appointments of AEP level and above only after a successful assessment, shall the
Head of Utility arrange to forward a completed CofA to the CFDH-E for his final approval
and signature. The CFDH-E shall return the CofA to the Head of Utility, who shall ensure
that the relevant person receives the CofA.
5.4 Specimen CofA are shown in Appendix A of this ESOP.
5.5 The CofA shall be returned to the appropriate Head of Utility when the person leaves or has
his authorisation withdrawn for any reason.
5.6 The area/ region of validity shall be clearly marked on the CofA.
6. Periodic Re-Assessment of Electrical Persons and Appointed Persons

6.1 The validity of the certification period is a maximum of three years. Well before the expiry
date the appropriate Head of Utility, or a person nominated by him, shall carry out a re-
assessment of the person concerned.
This re-assessment is to check the operational competence and discipline of such persons
and to ensure that they can perform their functions safely and efficiently.
6.2 The Head of Utility or his nominee shall attend a site where the EP or AP is carrying out
SWITCHING, or operational duties, and implement random checks, as detailed in Sections
6.3, 6.4 and 6.5.
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6.3 If a SWITCHING PROGRAMME is being used, it shall be checked for accuracy and
legibility. Times of the operation of individual items of SWITCHING shall have been
recorded.
6.4 If SWITCHING is in progress, items that can be checked are:-
· Correct log book or SWITCHING PROGRAMME entries?
· SAFETY LOCKS correctly applied at points of ISOLATION?
· Have CMEs been correctly applied, and if consisting of portable EARTHING leads,
labelled 'CME'?
6.5 If a SAFETY DOCUMENT has been issued, items that can be checked are:-
· Is the document and its copy legible and 'printed'?
· Does the recipient understand the work he is to undertake?
· Is the information, e.g., CMEs, accurate?
· Have any AEs been issued, and recorded, on the ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DOCUMENT?
· Is the CP's name recorded?
· Are both Issue and Receipt sections properly signed?
6.6 If the Head of Utility or his nominee is satisfied with the results of the re-assessment, then a
new CofA shall be issued for the next three years, duly approved by the assessing SAEP
(for levels up to including AEP) or the CFDH-E.
The old CofA shall be destroyed.
7. Recording of Training, Assessment and Registration of Appointments
7.1 General
Each Head of Utility shall maintain an up-to-date recording and registration system for all
EPs and APs assessed.
7.2 Recording of Training & Assessment

The record system shall include in an auditable format:-
· Full details of an individual's attendance at PDO Operational Training Courses; run to
make persons familiar with the ESR and ESOPs.
· Full details of an individual's practical training, received in a PDO Area in
SWITCHING and operational procedures.
· Results of the assessment.
7.3 Registration of Appointments

The register of appointments shall include in an auditable format the following details of the
persons appointed under the ESR:-
· Name of the person (surname & first name)
· Reference indicator (for PDO staff only)
· Company number (PDO staff) or employing Contractor's name
· ESR Number (see NOTE 1)
· Region/Area
· Authorisation level

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· Date of appointment
· Dates of LV/HV courses followed
· Focal point
· Acknowledgment of ESR received
· Issue & expiry data of certificate
· Re-assessment date
· Remarks
Note: 1. The ESR number is a unique number. Care shall be taken to avoid duplication,
i.e. by assigning blocks of numbers to each Head of Utility.
2. In case of cancellation of the certificate (disciplinary measure, resignation), the
person's record shall be deleted from the register, and the certificate shall be
destroyed.
3. In case of transfer of a person, the person's details shall transfer with him.
4. The registration shall preferably be kept in a database or spreadsheet format.

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APPENDIX- A - CERTIFICATES OF APPOINTMENT
CERTIFICATE FOR AUTHORISED STAFF

To be used for SAEP, AEP, CESP, CEP, CP and EP
FRONT OF CERTIFICATE

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7. ESOP – 4
ESOP 4 PREPARATION AND USE OF SWITCHING PROGRAMMES
FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SYSTEMS
1. Introduction
1.1 The ESR call for a SWITCHING PROGRAMME to be written and APPROVED for all
HV SWITCHING carried out, unless it is confined to HV motor circuits and has the
prior agreement of the CP. [see ESR Rule 5.2.1.2]
1.2 This PROCEDURE briefly details the manner in which such SWITCHING
PROGRAMMES shall be prepared, checked and implemented.
1.3 Appendix A of this PROCEDURE contains:-
- Standard terms that shall be used when writing such PROGRAMMES.
Appendix B of this PROCEDURE contains:-
- A specimen SWITCHING PROGRAMME form.
Appendix C of this PROCEDURE contains:-
- Abbreviations for standard terms and equipment discussed in Appendix A.
2. Objective
2.1 To produce SWITCHING PROGRAMMES that shall act as a check list and record all the
operations required to safely carry out a particular purpose on the system.
2.2 To achieve uniformity in PDO and prevent misunderstandings, standard terms for items of
APPARATUS and instructions for SWITCHING operations shall be used.
3. Preparation of Switching Programmes

3.1 A numbered SWITCHING PROGRAMME together with a clear copy shall be prepared by a
SAEP or AEP stating the objective of the SWITCHING and detailing all items necessary
such as opening and closing of circuit breakers, ISOLATION, application of CMEs,
application of SAFETY PADLOCKS and CAUTION NOTICES, etc.
It shall be specifically stated where each SAFETY PADLOCK is to be applied.
In case a WORK PERMIT has been issued, it shall cross reference to the associated
SWITCHING PROGRAMME.
3.2 The SWITCHING PROGRAMME and copy shall be:
· Signed by the EP in charge of the SWITCHING
· Checked for correctness and signed by another EP on at least AEP level
· Finally approved and signed by the CP
- all in accordance with the electrical boundary procedure.
4. Implementation of Switching Programmes

4.1 The AEP holding the APPROVED SWITCHING PROGRAMME shall before commencing
any item of SWITCHING first check with the CP that the system is in the state assumed by
the PROGRAMME, i.e., no outages or open points have been altered that would affect the
security or safety of the system if the SWITCHING PROGRAMME is commenced.
A copy of the SWITCHING PROGRAMME shall be held by the CP.
4.2 Agreement to proceed shall be given by the CP to undertake SWITCHING items in order
through to completion, unless he requires confirmation of certain SWITCHING before
another batch of items is commenced.

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The time of each item of SWITCHING completed shall be recorded by the person
performing the operations on his SWITCHING PROGRAMME.
4.3 At the completion of the SWITCHING PROGRAMME the completed form shall be signed
and returned to the CP.
5. Emergency Switching Programmes

5.1 If an unplanned outage or system emergency occurs, the AEP or AEPs may agree with the
CP a SWITCHING PROGRAMME over telephone or radio, each person writing his own
copy.
The CP shall check over telephone or radio that all PERSONS have recorded the same
items of SWITCHING on their copies of the SWITCHING PROGRAMMES before giving
permission to precede with the SWITCHING.
6. Emergency Switching Without Switching Programmes

6.1 If in the view of the CP it is not practicable or desirable to produce an emergency
SWITCHING PROGRAMME as detailed in Section 5.1, then the following procedure shall
be adopted.
6.2 The CP shall discuss and agree the remedial SWITCHING necessary with the AEP.
The CP shall then instruct the SWITCHING, item by item.

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APPENDIX - A - DEFINITIONS OF STANDARD TERMS FOR SWITCHING OPERATIONS
The following terms shall be used to describe operational APPARATUS.

Refer to Appendix C for a list of abbreviations for equipment types.
1.0 GROUND MOUNTED EQUIPMENT

Circuit-Breaker A device suitable for making or breaking fault current in accordance
with its agreed rating. Such circuit breakers may be fitted with auto-
reclose facilities.
Oil Switch This is a switch in accordance with IEC 60265.
It is a fault making switch and can be used to interrupt full load
current.
Oil Isolator This is a switch not in accordance with IEC 60265.
It is NOT fault making. Nor does it have load making or breaking
rating.
Oil Switch Fuse An automatic device incorporating HV fuses normally used for control
of transformers up to 1,000 kVA at 11 kV.
Disconnector An indoor air break isolator either pole operated or ganged.
Neither type has a fault/load making or breaking rating.
Selector An indoor ganged type air break isolator with no fault/load making or
breaking rating.
EARTH Switch A specially provided switch to enable an EARTH connection to be
made.
2.0 OVERHEAD EQUIPMENT

Auto-Recloser An automatic reclosing circuit breaker. These may be electrically or
mechanically operated and their sequences can be programmed.
Auto- An automatic load breaking fault making switch which normally
operates in dead time used in conjunction with an auto-recloser.
Sectionaliser
Air Break An air break ganged isolator which may be fitted with arcing horns or
Disconnector interrupter heads.
Local Fuses HV fuses controlling a single transformer.
Spur Fuses HV fuses controlling more than one transformer.
EARTH Switch A specially provided switch to enable an EARTH connection to be
made.
Fault Throwing An automatic device forming part of circuit protection to apply either
Switch EARTH or phase faults to a circuit.

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3.0 SAFETY EQUIPMENT

3.1 SAFETY PADLOCKS, CAUTION NOTICES, DANGER NOTICES, EARTHED NOTICES,
CIRCUIT MAIN EARTHS and ADDITIONAL EARTHS are defined in the ESR .
3.2 Busbar Shutters and Feeder Shutters.
4.0 STANDARD TERMS

4.1 Where the CP is required to carry out an operation by remote control (SCADA) the suffix
'CP' is to be included in the operator column of the SWITCHING PROGRAMME.
4.2 A combination of terms is permissible to complete an operation e.g. 'Rack out (...) oil
switch, SAFETY PADLOCK feeDer and busBar shutters, apply CAUTION and DANGER
NOTICES'. This can be taken as one item on a SWITCHING PROGRAMME, but separate
items must always be used for SWITCHING, ISOLATING and EARTHING operations and
the application of SAFETY PADLOCKS.
4.3 Abbreviation of terms is also permissible when writing out SWITCHING PROGRAMMES,
using the abbreviations as listed in appendix C. For example, 'Open (...) oil switch,
SAFETY PADLOCK (busbar and feeder shutters) and apply CAUTION NOTICE' may be
written as follows:
'Open (.....) OS - SP (BBS & FDS) & CN'

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APPENDIX -B - SWITCHING PROGRAMME FORM
AREA :__________ START DATE :____________ PROG.NO. :________

VOLTAGE :__________ TIME :____________ SHEET NO :________
LOCATION :__________ EST.COMP.DATE :____________ No. of SHEETS :________
PURPOSE :__________ TIME :____________ REFERENCE :________
ACTION PARTY NAME SIGNATURE STATUS

EP IN CHARGE: SAEP/AEP
CHECKED BY: SAEP/AEP
PERMISSION TO PROCEED CP
BY:
RETURN BY : _____________ WHEN COMPLETE: __________
ITEM SUBSTATION CIRCUIT or OPERATION OPER TIME

UNIT
APPENDIX-C - ABBREVIATIONS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

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The following abbreviations may be used when preparing a switching programme.

The list is not exhaustive.
Other abbreviations may be used, provided clear understanding exists what these abbreviations
mean!
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT & SAFETY EQUIPMENT
Circuit-breaker CB Safety Padlocks SP

Switch S Caution Notices CN
ISOLator ISOL Danger Notices DN
Switch-Fuse SF Earthed Notices EN
DISConnector DISC BusBar Shutters BBS
Earth Switch ES FeeDer Shutters FDS
Fault Throwing Switch FTS Circuit Main Earth CME
Additional Earth AE
SWITCHGEAR INTERRUPTING MEDIUM

Vacuum V
Air A
Oil O
SF6 SF6
Note: Switchgear interrupting medium to be used in combination with switching element.

e.g., VCB is a Vacuum Circuit Breaker

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8. ESOP – 5
ESOP 5 VOLTAGE TESTING AND PHASING-OUT DEVICES
1. General
1.1 This PROCEDURE lists the APPROVED voltage testing and phasing out devices that are to
be used on PDO electrical HV and LV systems to meet the requirements of the ESR.
1.2 Also included are methods detailing the manner in which the devices should be used and
maintained.
2. Approved Devices
The list shown in Appendix- A of this ESOP is the devices that have been APPROVED by
the CFDH-E for use in PDO. This list may be added to when further APPROVALS of the
devices are made.
3. Use of Devices
3.1 No person shall use a voltage testing or phasing out device until he has been adequately
trained in its use.
3.2 Before use, the operator shall check the device is APPROVED for the purpose and system
voltage he is testing. Additionally, the device should be examined for visible defects and
withdrawn from service if any are found.
3.3 The insulation of the device shall be wiped with a dry cloth before and after use.
3.4 The device shall be tested for correct indication before and after use. A proving unit is the
recommended method of testing the device, but if one is not available a LIVE conductor
may be used.
3.5 Operators shall hold the device by the handle provided and shall not touch any other part of
the device when it is being used.
3.6 If the design of the switchgear allows easy access for a HV testing device, then it is good
operational practice to test prior to applying a CME via a circuit breaker
(i.e., feeder spouts on horizontal and vertical isolatable units).
4. Method of Testing
4.1 In all situations each phase or conductor shall be tested in succession.
4.2 Most APPROVED devices are not designed for use on unearthed systems. If there
is a DANGER of the ISOLATED HV APPARATUS being made LIVE by inversion from a LV
source, then to ensure that misleading indications are not obtained when using these
devices, the following practice shall be followed.
Test all three phases, and then apply an APPROVED EARTH to one phase and then test
the other two phases. This will ensure that there is an earthed reference for the device.
5. Storage and Inspection

5.1 Voltage testing devices shall be stored in a secure, warm and dry atmosphere.
(e.g. substations, switch rooms, electrical workshops or offices).
5.2 Care should be taken when transporting devices to site. A carrying case shall be used to
protect the instrument.

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6. Inspection and Maintenance

6.1 In addition to the inspection requirements as specified in clauses 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 of this
ESOP, the following shall be carried out.
6.2 All HV testing devices and phasing out devices shall at least be inspected and tested at
quarterly intervals. Associated hot sticks shall be pressure tested annually, to verify the
insulation integrity.
6.3 A number shall be used to identify each device and a record of its inspection/testing shall
be maintained at the PDO Area where the device is in use.
The most recent inspection date shall be clearly indicated on each device.

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APPENDIX A - APPROVED VOLTAGE TESTING AND PHASING OUT DEVICES
VOLT
NAME & TYPE OF SERVICE COMMENTS & USE
RANGE
HV DETECTOR TYPE KP TEST III REF. 132 kV · Overhead line and exposed
KPT 3.5 BY K. PFISTERER GERMANY conductors
FROM ROTEL ELECTRICAL UK
LIVE LINE TESTER & ACCESSORIES FOR · Metal clad switchgear
USE UP TO: MODEL 257a 33 kV · Overhead line and exposed
EDGCOMBE INSTRUMENTS UK AGENT: conductors
AL-MAAMARY · For phasing and potential
detection
HV DETECTOR TYPE KP TEST IIE BY K. 11 kV · Metal clad switchgear
PFISTERER GERMANY FROM ROTEL
ELECTRICAL UK
HV DETECTOR TYPE 1990/ST BY CHANCE 1-100 kV · Overhead line and exposed
USA. See note 2 & conductors
100-800 kV
CATU HV Detector type: CC245-66/132kV 66 – 132kV · Use with stick CM-4000
series.
· Refer to CATU catalogue
for details
SOFAMEL HV Detectors · Refer to Sofamel
catalogue
MULTIMETERS: 415 V · Metal clad switchgear and
· BECKMANN HD 110 conductors
· FLUKE Note: AVO shall only be
· AVO used with fused leads
Note: 1. Additionally, devices supplied by the equipment manufacturer for that equipment can
also be used, provided they have been APPROVED by CFDH–E (Electrical).
e.g., COQ, SIEMENS, HOLEC, etc.
2. There are two types on the market, a type with one 9 V battery and a type with two 1½
V batteries. Only the type with 9 V batteries shall be used.

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9. ESOP – 6
ESOP 6 EARTHING EQUIPMENT FOR USE ON HIGH VOLTAGE
APPARATUS
1. General
1.1 The ESR requires that the DEAD conductors of HV APPARATUS shall be effectively
EARTHED before an ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT can be issued to allow work or
testing.
1.2 ESR Rule 2.7.1 calls for such EARTHING to be applied either through switchgear with
adequately rated EARTHING capacity, by APPROVED portable EARTHING leads or
APPROVED devices.
ESR Rule 5.5 details how these different EARTHING methods shall be applied on the PDO
electrical systems.
1.3 This PROCEDURE specifies the APPROVED equipment that shall be used to carry out
such EARTHING operations on PDO HV APPARATUS.
2. Switchgear with Adequately Rated Earthing Capacity

2.1 EARTHING SWITCHES
EARTHING switches installed on PDO HV electrical systems shall be capable of carrying
the full rated short circuit earth current that could occur if closed onto a LIVE circuit in error.
2.2 CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH EARTHING FACILITIES
Circuit breakers, and their associated EARTHING equipment installed on the PDO HV
electrical systems, shall be capable of carrying the full rated short circuit fault current that
could occur, if a circuit breaker being used to EARTH APPARATUS, was closed onto a LIVE
circuit in error.
2.3 INADEQUATELY RATED EARTHING SWITCHES OR CIRCUIT
BREAKERS WITH EARTHING FACILITIES
Any installed EARTHING switch or circuit breaker EARTHING equipment not meeting the
requirements of Sections 2.1 or 2.2, shall be clearly identified with a warning label at their
operating position.
This warning label is a necessary precaution to ensure that AEPs are aware of the technical
limitations when using such APPARATUS to apply EARTHS to a circuit, and requires them
to take additional precautions, (e.g., first using an APPROVED voltage testing device) or to
use alternative methods of EARTHING the circuit .
3. Approved Portable Earthing Leads for Use as Circuit Main Earths

3.1 The portable EARTHING leads, that are to be used as CMEs, shall be of such a size and
design, so as to be capable in use of carrying the full rated short circuit earth current if a
LIVE circuit, was in error, closed onto them at the position where they had been applied.
3.2 The choice of the cross sectional size of such leads will depend on the short circuit levels of
the PDO electrical system on which they are to be used. For safety and standardisation
reasons, the minimum cross-sectional area of the EARTHING leads shall be 70 mm 2. This is
adequate for all HV and LV systems.
Each phase shall have its individual lead to EARTH, it is not allowed to use so-called trident
leads. The EARTHING leads shall be INSULATED.
Appendix B gives details.
3.3 The choice of fittings for line, earth end clamps and the length of the leads will depend on the
APPARATUS on which the portable EARTHING leads are to be applied.

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3.4 Leads for use in substations with exposed HV conductors shall be of a length suitable to
reach from the DEAD conductors to the nearest substation EARTH bar. The line and earth
end clamps shall be of a design suitable to enable an effective connection to be made at both
ends.
3.5 Leads for use on wood pole overhead lines conductors, shall be of a design suitable for
applying a line end clamp to each conductor and have sufficient length and size to connect to
EARTHING rods which can be driven into the ground.
3.6 If portable EARTHING leads are required as CMEs on steel tower overhead lines, then those
specified for use in substations with exposed HV conductors can be used providing that the
line end clamps are suitable for applying to the overhead conductors and the earth end
clamps are suitable for connecting to the steelwork of the tower.
3.7 When portable EARTHING leads are applied in position as CMEs they shall have an
APPROVED label attached with the letters C.M.E. Appendix A gives details.
4. Approved Portable Earthing Leads for Use as Additional Earths

4.1 An overhead line circuit which has been DEAD, ISOLATED and EARTHED at each end, can
have dangerously high voltages induced onto its conductors from adjacent LIVE overhead
lines or from the adjacent circuit on a double circuit overhead line or by natural phenomena.
The effects of this induced voltage can be completely removed when AEs are correctly fitted
at, or near, the point of work on the conductors.
If a break is to be made in the conductors of an overhead line circuit, then AEs shall first be
applied, as a dangerously high voltage can occur across the break.
4.2 The portable EARTHING leads, that are to be used as AEs, shall be of such a size and
design so as to be capable in use of preventing an induced voltage, at the point of work, on
an already EARTHED conductor.
It is permitted to use as AEs the same type of portable EARTHING leads, as specified for
CMEs. [see Section 3.1]
4.3 When portable EARTHING leads are applied in position as AEs, they shall have an
APPROVED label attached with the letters A.E. APPENDIX A gives details .
5. Identification of Portable Earthing Leads

5.1 Each set of portable EARTHING leads issued in PDO shall have an unique number
permanently attached so that they can be readily identified in position as CMEs or AEs.
5.2 This unique number is also applied to assist in ensuring that portable EARTHING leads are
readily identified both before use and when maintenance inspections of such equipment is
carried out and properly recorded.
6. Maintenance of Portable Earthing Leads

6.1 All portable EARTHING leads shall be examined immediately prior to use to ensure they are in
good conditions. [see ESR Rule 5.5.2.1 (b) (iii)]
6.2 At three monthly intervals all portable EARTHING leads shall be maintained in accordance
with the relevant SAP maintenance routines.
7. Operating Rods for Applying Portable Earthing Leads

7.1 The insulated operating rods used for applying portable EARTHING leads shall be of the glass
fibre hollow tube type. The operating rods shall be made in sections that can be assembled to
provide a 2.4 m operating length.
7.2 The operating rods shall be examined immediately prior to use to ensure they are in good
condition.
7.3 At three monthly intervals all such operating rods shall be maintained in accordance with the
relevant SAP maintenance routines.
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8. Application of Portable Earthing Leads

8.1 ESR Rule 5.5.2.1 (b) (iii) gives the procedures for applying APPROVED portable EARTHING
leads.
8.2 ESOP 5 gives guidance on using APPROVED voltage testing devices when applying
APPROVED portable EARTHING leads.

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APPENDIX A - APPROVED LABELS FOR CIRCUIT MAIN EARTH, ADDITIONAL EARTH AND
EARTHED NOTICE
See PDO Electrical Standard Drawings : STD 4 0004 01

STD 4 0005 01 and
STD 4 0003 01
APPENDIX B - APPROVED PORTABLE EARTHING LEADS
Portable EARTHING leads and relevant accessories as manufactured by Pfisterer have

been APPROVED for use in PDO, but note the following with regards to EARTHING leads:
· Only the single pole version is APPROVED (Pfisterer catalogue page 63/14)
· The three pole version (Pfisterer catalogue page 63/23) is not APPROVED
Portable EARTHING leads and relevant accessories of other manufacturers shall not be
used unless they have been APPROVED by the CFDH-E (ELECTRICAL).

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10. ESOP – 7
ESOP 7 NOTICE OF COMMISSIONING OF HIGH VOLTAGE
APPARATUS
1. General
The PROCEDURE is issued to detail the method for sending a Notice of Commissioning
form to all involved parties prior to the making of the first electrical connection between new
APPARATUS and the existing PDO HV system .
2. Initial Construction Phase

During the initial stage of construction of new substations when no electrical connection
exists between the new APPARATUS and the existing HV system, work can be done outside
the provisions of the ESR. Work during this phase is carried out solely under the PDO HSE
Regulations.
3. Final Construction Phase

3.1 It is at the commissioning stage that a potentially dangerous situation can arise. As soon as
the first connection is made between the new APPARATUS and PDO's HV system (or even
LV if a transformer is connected to a LV switchboard) what has been up to that time a
construction site or enclosure, becomes an operational substation and shall come within the
scope of the ESR.
3.2 If an HV circuit connected to a LIVE existing substation is terminated onto a disconnector or
into a circuit breaker cable box in a substation under construction, it shall be considered as a
potential DANGER to persons performing construction work and ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DOCUMENTS shall safely limit their access and work.
4. Scope of ESR
4.1 From the time, that the first connection is about to be made, it is essential that standard PDO
un-climbable fences and gates are erected and complete for outdoor type substations and
that doors in the case of indoor substations are ready for locking with STANDARD
ELECTRICAL LOCKS or PADLOCKS. The ESR shall then be applied and an SAEP shall
ensure that all its provisions can be met.
4.2 Work in that substation shall now be under an ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK,
SANCTION FOR TEST or LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS (i.e. an ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DOCUMENT).
It is important at this time to remember that building and civil engineering contractor’s staffs
are not as conversant with electrical safety requirements as PDO electrical personnel and
electrical contractors, so clear instructions, to ensure the use, movement and storage of their
equipment, materials and especially ladders and scaffolding, shall be given to comply with
the ESR.
5. Notice of Commissioning Procedure

5.1 Before any electrical connection is made between newly constructed APPARATUS and the
PDO HV system, a Notice of Commissioning form shall be issued to all parties by the PDO
Project Engineer responsible for the construction work.
These forms shall be sent to all contractors, manufacturers, consultants and other PDO
Departments who have been involved in the on site construction of the substation and
associated overhead lines and cables terminating in it.

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5.2 The first electrical connection shall not be made until the receipt of the Notice of
Commissioning form has been acknowledged by all parties, and such connection shall not be
made prior to the date indicated on the form.
5.3 The PDO Project Engineer shall be responsible for confirming in writing to the SAEP, who is
to supervise or witness the electrical commissioning of the substation that all parties have
been informed and have returned the receipt part of the Notice of Commissioning form.
5.4 The SAEP shall inform the CP that this PROCEDURE has been completed before
commencing the issue of ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK, SANCTION-FOR-TEST or
LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS for the APPARATUS or associated work.
6. Notice of Commissioning Forms

6.1 A specimen Notice of Commissioning form is shown as an Appendix to this ESOP.
6.2 The forms shall be numbered in sequence and each one sent to a contractor, etc., shall be
individually numbered.
APPENDIX- A

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NOTICE OF COMMISSIONING OF HIGH

VOLTAGE APPARATUS
NUMBER: ISSUING LOCATION:
ISSUED TO: ________________________________________________________________

LOCATION/ROUTE: __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
CONTRACT/JOB NO: ________________________________________________________
WITH EFFECT FROM: TIME: __________ HRS DATE: ____________
I hereby give notice that the section of the works described below at the above Location/Route is
being made LIVE or by reasons of its proximity or relation to other APPARATUS must be regarded as
being LIVE and from the time and date stated above will come under the jurisdiction of the PDO
ELECTRICAL SAFETY RULES. From that time no further work shall be done on or near this section
of works unless the person in charge of such work is in possession of an ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-
WORK, SANCTION-FOR-TEST, OR LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS issued in accordance with the PDO
ELECTRICAL SAFETY RULES (PR-1947).
DESCRIPTION OF SECTION OF WORKS :
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
The SENIOR AUTHORISED ELECTRICAL PERSON responsible, who can explain the requirements,
is: ________________________________________________________________________
who may be contacted on site or at: ______________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
DATE: ______________
SIGNED: ___________________________________________________________________
DESIGNATION: PDO PROJECT ENGINEER
To be issued in accordance with ESOP 7.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF CONTRACTOR
I acknowledge receipt of this Notice and confirm that all staff in my charge including subcontractors
have been warned and understand that this procedure is to ensure safe working conditions.
TIME: ______________DATE: ______________
NAME: __________________ SIGNED: ______________
BEING A REPRESENTATIVE OF: _______________________________________________
ADDRESS: _________________________________________________________________________

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11. ESOP – 8
ESOP 8 BASIC RULES FOR PLANT OPERATION
1. General
1.1 The ESR lay down mandatory instructions that shall be obeyed when persons are operating
or working on HV or LV systems.
1.2 This PROCEDURE lists good operational practices that if followed can help the operator to
switch safety and avoid SWITCHING errors that lead to unnecessary loss of supplies.
2. Basic Rules
Before carrying out any SWITCHING operations on a unit of HV or LV switchgear, check if
it has a 'Plant Restriction' marker label fixed to it [see ESOP 23] and check its general
condition by a visual inspection. The latter is of particular importance for outdoor
switchgear exposed to ambient conditions.
2.1 Do not trust your memory; consult your SWITCHING PROGRAMME or written instructions
before carrying out any operation.
2.2 When instructed to carry out SWITCHING by telephone or radio, write down the instruction
and read it back to the person who has given it to you.
2.3 Make sure you understand how the APPARATUS you are going to operate works.
If in doubt, ask for assistance or check if information that would help is available.
Do not experiment with LIVE APPARATUS.
2.4 Check the position of any switch you are to operate. Is it in the position you expected (i.e.,
closed, open or EARTHED)? If not, find out why your SWITCHING PROGRAMME is not
correct or why you have been told to operate it.
2.5 Check the title of any circuit twice before operating. If the title is not the same as your
SWITCHING PROGRAMME or instruction, find out why.
2.6 When SWITCHING remove one padlock at a time to allow the operation. Lock again with a
padlock when the operation is complete. Do NOT remove all the STANDARD
ELECTRICAL PADLOCKS from another unit of switchgear that you are next going to
operate before you are ready to carry out that SWITCHING operation.
2.7 Close and open all hand-operated circuit breakers, disconnectors and EARTH switches with
a smart quick movement. If the circuit breaker trips immediately on closing, check the
reason before attempting to close again.
2.8 After completing an operation, check immediately that you have performed what you
intended to do. Is the circuit breaker closed or open? Are all three disconnector blades in
the same position? Check the visual indications, ammeters, voltmeters, etc.
If you make a mistake, operate the wrong switch or carry out an incorrect operation, check
first what has happened and if practicable confirm with the CP what operations you should
then carry out to rectify the error.
2.10 All protection relay indications shall be recorded in the log book before resetting any relay.
2.11 Remember to pause and think before you act in an operational substation or situation. All
your actions should be deliberate and not impulsive.
2.12 When leaving a substation or disconnector switch, make sure everything is correctly locked
and the substation door secure.
3. Removing or Replacing LV Fuses on Switchboards

. 3.1 When inserting a fuse or link into any fuse-board it is good operational practise to:-

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a) Ensure that there is an adequate clear working space in front of the fuse-board.
b) Ensure when operating on LV switchboards from above, that you remove all loose
objects (e.g. pens, combs, sunglasses etc.) which could fall from your pockets into the
switchboard.
3.2 Ensure that phase barriers in LV switchboards are in position and are in good condition.
3.3 Wear APPROVED LV rubber gloves. [See ESOP 24]
3.4 Confirm the electrical conditions with an APPROVED voltage testing device.
[see ESOP 5]
3.5 Check that the fuse-carrier is in good mechanical condition and free of dust and grease.
3.6 Use a suitable fuse extractor.
4. Additional Precautions and Procedures

Following additional precautions and procedures shall be followed when carrying out
removal and replacement of fuses on switchboards with exposed live parts
4.1 If it is practicable to make the switchboard of this type DEAD before carrying out the
SWITCHING operations of removing or replacing fuses this shall be done.
4.2 When it is not practicable to make switchboards of this type DEAD, the following
precautions and procedures shall be followed in addition to those called for in Section 3.0 of
this ESOP :-
a) The SWITCHING operations shall be carried out by a CESP who shall be
accompanied by a CEP.
b) The CESP shall wear an ultraviolet protection face shield and infra-red protecting
glasses. [see ESOP 24]
5. Energising LV Circuits
When commissioning and re-commissioning of new LV cables, insulation resistance tests
will provide a reasonable assurance that the cable is healthy. If the time between testing
and energising is kept to a minimum the risks are small.
5.1 Check that the incoming supply is normal between all phases and neutral and between
phases.
5.2 Carefully check that the correct fuse rating has been selected.
5.3 Insert the first fuse or link. Using an APPROVED voltage testing device, check for the
presence of any back-feed on the other phases which, in the light of local knowledge, may
determine if a phase-to-phase fault exists.
5.4 Insert the second fuse or link and check (as in Section 5.3) that there is no back-feed on the
remaining phase.
5.5 Insert the remaining fuse or link. Check on the circuit contacts that all supplies are healthy .
6. Fuse Replacement
When a fuse has blown and the cause is uncertain, particular care is required with its
replacement.
6.1 Check the substation log book to see if there is a fault history for the cable circuit.
If it appears that a transitory fault may be the cause of the fuse operation, careful checking
of the cable insulation value should be carried out.
6.2 Where reasonably practicable, check the cable route for damage (e.g. open excavations).
6.3 Check the fuse cabinet and visible length of cable for signs of damage.

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6.4 Carefully check that the correct fuse rating has been selected.
6.5 If there is concern that there may be a high possible fault current, consideration should be
given to de-energising the supply transformer to allow the fuse to be replaced dead.

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12. ESOP – 9
ESOP 9 PROCEDURE FOR THIRD PARTY INTERFACES
1. Introduction
1.1 This procedure is issued to provide guidelines to be followed by PDO and third parties when
electrical interfaces with PDO and third parties are involved.
1.2 This PROCEDURE briefly clarifies
· the roles and responsibilities of all parties concerned.
· communication method between PDO and third parties.
· method of electrical supply connection from PDO to third parties and vice versa.
· procedure for isolation / de-isolation of electrical supply for maintenance / repair
works.
1.3 For a safe and efficient operation of the power supply system, both PDO and the concerned
third party shall follow these procedures.
Any deviation from this procedure shall be mutually agreed and approved in writing by PDO
CFDH-E and the responsible person of the third party.
2. Scope
2.1 This procedure is applicable to PDO and third parties with whom PDO has an agreement or
intends to make an agreement for supplying or receiving electric power .
3. Boundaries / Responsible Persons

3.1 Boundaries within PDO for the power generation, transmission and distribution are defined in
the following ESOPs:
· ESOP-15: Boundary Procedure for PDO Power system in the interior.
· ESOP-17: Boundary Procedure for coastal area (Mina Al Fahal area)
3.2 Further to the above electrical boundaries, the head of area operations (Area Coordinators)
are asset owners of electrical system in their respective area .
3.3 The head of Power system operations and maintenance is the asset owner for power
generation and transmission in the interior areas as defined in Asset Holder Drawings
(AHD).
3.4 The head of Estate Services is the asset owner of electrical system in the coastal
area.
3.5 The Corporate Functional Discipline Head, Electrical (CFDH-E) is responsible for all
Electrical discipline matters and is the custodian of electrical standards, procedures
and electrical safety rules. He is the final authority on all electrical discipline matters.
4. Procedures
4.1 Initiation
4.1.1 Before entering into any agreement / contract to supply electric power or to receive electric
power, both concerned parties shall ensure that they fully understand the boundaries, the
roles of the responsible persons and the procedures as laid down in this ESOP for the
interface.
4.1.2 Corporate Function Discipline Head, Electrical (CFDH-E) is the focal point in PDO for
interfacing with third parties.
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CFDH-E or his appointed nominee(s) is responsible for negotiations with third parties.
All communication shall be between CFDH-E or his appointed nominee and the responsible
person of the third party until the interface project is finalised.
After the interface project is finalised and until the project work is completed, commissioned
and handed over to PDO operations the focal point shall be the PDO nominated person and
all communication shall be between the nominated person and the third party nominee.
Boundary demarcation of the new interface section shall be made in writing and approved
by CFDH-E and shall be incorporated in the respective ESOPs (ESOP.15 or 17) and asset
holder’s drawings, if applicable.
Once the interface connection is completed the Operations Area Coordinator responsible
for the area shall be the PDO focal point and all correspondence shall be between the area
coordinator or his nominated person.
Refer to appendix-1 for details of contact numbers for each area.
5. Method of Supply Connection

5.1 Over head lines shall be designed and constructed in accordance with PDO standards. SP-
1101,SP-1102,SP-1106 and SP-1107 shall be the basis for design and installation.
5.2 At the point of connection provision shall be made for isolation. For this a pole mounted
isolator/fuse switch unit or circuit breaker with auto-recloser facility shall be used. If the
supply point is from an indoor substation a dedicated circuit breaker shall be used.
Custodian of this isolator / CB shall be the asset owner of power supply; i.e. if the supply is
from PDO to third party, then PDO is the custodian; and if the third party is supplying power
to PDO then the third party is the custodian. This shall be clearly identified in the concerned
boundary procedure and Asset Holder Drawings (if applicable).
5.3 An isolation facility shall be provided at the receiving end also. This is required to safeguard
from back feeding if a temporary generator is connected, when the line is isolated for
maintenance or repair works. This isolation facility can be used for carrying out any repair /
maintenance work at the consumer end.
Custodian of this isolator / circuit breaker shall be the power supply receiving party.
6. Isolation / De-Isolation Procedure

6.1 For any work on the line fed from PDO power supply system, the PDO permit system shall
be followed before commencing any work.
The isolation procedure in accordance with clause 7, 8 and appendix-2 shall be strictly
followed.
6.2 For any work on the section of a line fed from a third party to PDO, the third party's permit
system shall be followed. (e.g. MEW power supply to PDO Mina Al Fahal Main Intake
Substation)
7. Maintenance / Repair Activities

7.1 For carrying out any maintenance or repair works on the boundary section of the third party,
the responsible / appointed third party person shall give 14 days notice to the concerned
PDO Area Coordinator in writing.
7.2 Upon receipt of notice from the third party, the Area Coordinator will arrange for Isolation of
the section(s) concerned and instruct area electrical staff accordingly.
7.3 The authorised PDO electrical person shall carry out the isolation / de-isolation using the
isolation / de-isolation certificate (Appendix-2)

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8. Isolation / De-Isolation in Emergencies

8.1 Isolation / De-Isolation during Normal Working Hours
8.1.1 For isolation during normal working hours the third party responsible person shall contact
the Area Coordinator and make the request
8.1.2 Upon receipt of such request the Area Coordinator of the area concerned shall authorise the
area electrical staff.
8.1.3 The authorised area electrical staff shall carryout the isolation / de-isolation using the
Isolation De-isolation Certificate. (Appendix-2)
8.2 Isolation / De-Isolation outside the Normal Working Hours
8.2.1 When the isolation / de-isolation is required outside the normal working hours, the
responsible third party person should evaluate the seriousness of the situation and if he is
satisfied that the situation is as such that the activities cannot be delayed until the following
day, then he can activate PDO Utilities Emergency Response System by contacting the
Electrical Emergency Response Person (EERP) on duty.
Refer appendix-1 for the contact pager number.
8.2.2 The Electrical Emergency Response Person shall take appropriate steps for the isolation /
de-isolation as per the procedure.
9. Work Near or Under the Overhead Line

9.1 To work near or under the live line, which is under PDO control, procedure detailed in PDO
HSES Manual, Chapter-11, shall be followed. A clearance certificate shall be obtained prior
to starting any work or passing of vehicles higher that 5 meter, under a line.
Refer HSESM, Chapter-11, for details and certificate.
APPENDIX –1
PDO 3RD PARTY 3RD PARTY

PDO AREA PDO.TEL.NO.
FAX.NO. TEL.NO. * FAX.NO. *
FAHUD 38 4790 384915
LEKHWAIR 38 1928 381728
QARN ALAM 385540 385551
YIBAL 381117 381153
BAHJA 386702 388730
MARMUL 386269 386084
NIMR 382552 382356

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RIMA 382231 382114
MINA AL FAHAL 677599 678579

677188/9 677511
UTILITY EMERGENCY 386345-6616

RESPONSE PERSON PAGER:
* To be completed after a third party agreement is finalised
Petroleum Development Oman LLC

No.
ELECTRICAL
ISOLATION /DE-
ISOLATION
CERTIFICATE
FOR THE INTERFACE BETWEEN PDO & THIRD PARTY
THIRD PARTY ISOLATION REQUEST NAME OF THIRD PARTY:
1. Isolation requested by: ………………………………………………………………..(Name )
I here by authorise our contractor M/s………….........………...(Contractor) at…….………….……
represented by Mr.............................................to carry out work on ….............................O/H line
on…………….............. I request PDO Electrical Department...…….............(Ref.Ind) to
coordinate with my above named person to isolate and give permission to work on the above
O/H line.
Signed..............................Designation....................Time..........…......Date............……….....
(Third party responsible person)
PDO ACTION
2. The above O/H line is Isolated From:...................................................................................
Safety Padlock Nos.....................and caution notices have been applied at..........................
Key Safe No. (if applicable).............................
Signed............……................Name ...........…..............Time..................Date.....…........
(PDO Authorised Electrical Person)
_____________________________________________________________________
ACCEPTANCE BY THIRD PARTY WORK INCHARGE
3. I accept responsibility for carrying out the work on the overhead line described in section.1 and
no attempt will be made by me or persons under my charge to work on any other line or
apparatus.
Signed..........................…......Name...........................Company..........……….............
(Third party work in charge) Time.......................….Date.................……….............
__________________________________________________________________
______
THIRD PARTY DE-ISOLATION REQUEST
4. I hereby confirm that I have completed the work described in section.1, and that
all men and materials under my control used on the above O/H line have been
withdrawn, additional earth removed and the line is made safe to de-isolate and
energise.
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The job is * COMPLETED / INCOMPLETE. (List outstanding work)

Signed...........……Name...............…….....Company……...…...Date……............
(Third party work in charge)
PERMISSION IS GIVEN TO DE-ISOLATE THE LINE DESCRIBED IN SECTION.1.
Signature.............…Name................….............Time::........…….......Date
(Responsible third party person-the originator)
_______________________________________________________________
PDO ACTION
5. I CONFIRM THAT THIS ELECTRICAL ISOLATION/DE-ISOLATION CERTIFICATE IS CANCELED
AND DE-ISOLATION HAS BEEN COMPLETED. ALL EQUIPMENT ARE CONSIDERED LIVE
AND ENERGISED.
Name:............................. Ref.Ind.:.............Signature..................Time:..............Date :.................
White copy: 3rd party work in charge After completion: White copy: Third party file
Blue copy: Third Party Blue copy: PDO file after completion of work Pink copy: PDO file
*Delete as applicable

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13. ESOP – 10
ESOP 10 IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH VOLTAGE UNDERGROUND
CABLES
1. Objectives
1.1 To ensure that any work or testing undertaken on a PDO HV cable shall be carried out in
accordance with the ESR. These Rules call for the cable to be made DEAD, ISOLATED
and EARTHED, to be identified at the point of work, and proved DEAD by APPROVED
spiking equipment or other APPROVED means.
1.2 This PROCEDURE shall be adopted, and these APPROVED methods used, when it is
necessary to positively identify a PDO HV cable, particularly when it is laid, or runs, in the
proximity of one or more other cables.
2. Cable Records
2.1 Cable records are of help to locate the position of cables in the ground, or in runs, and
assist in identifying the actual cable on which work or testing is to be carried out. The use
of such records is an obvious help in looking for and finding such cables but, by itself, is not
normally a sufficient positive methods to identify a cable before using APPROVED spiking
equipment.
3. Visual and Physical Identification

3.1 If practicable, the cable shall be visually traced throughout its length from its termination
point, at which it has been proved DEAD, to the point of work.
3.2 A rope noose around the cable can sometimes be used to trace its route throughout its
length, from its termination which has been proved DEAD, to the point of work.
3.3 Where the actions in Sections 3.1 or 3.2 have been carried out, mark the cable that has
been identified by wrapping coloured tape on each side of the point of work.
4. Electrical Methods of Identification

4.1 When positive identification cannot be carried out by visual means, electrical testing shall
be carried out by using APPROVED cable identification equipment.
[see Appendix A]
4.2 The majority of manufacturers' devices that employ electrical methods to identify DEAD
cables rely on the detection of an external field, produced when an injected signal current
flows around a loop formed by two of the cores inside the cable under test.
The injected current is usually at audio frequency and pulsed to aid differentiation of the
signal from other interference. Detection of the signal is by means of a search coil applied
directly to the serving of the cable.
The search coil needs to have extremely good directional properties so that it will ensure
correct discrimination between two cables running close together.
5. Use of Electrical Testing Equipment to Identify Cables

5.1 Following the necessary ISOLATION, EARTHING and all other safety precautions, a
SANCTION-FOR-TEST for testing the cable circuit shall be issued in accordance with the
ESR.
The APPROVED cable identification equipment shall be used in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions and the guidelines in Sections 5.2 to 5.5.
5.2 The APPROVED cable identification signal transmitter equipment shall be connected
between two phases of the cable via suitable test connections.

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5.3 The test signal can now be injected after removing the cable EARTHING connection at the
point of signal injection. The cable under test can normally remain EARTHED at its remote
end during such testing. The cable cores remaining EARTHED at the remote end should
not affect the method of testing, providing that the output of the transmitter is correctly
applied between two cores and not from one core to EARTH.
5.4 The search coil shall be applied to every cable in the trench, or near the point of work, and
shall be moved completely round the circumference of every cable emitting a signal.
5.5 When the cable under test has been identified using this method, mark the cable by
wrapping coloured tape on each side of the point of work.
6. Use of Approved Cable Spiking Guns

6.1 After positive identification, cable spiking shall be carried out under a SANCTION-FOR-
TEST using an APPROVED cable spiking gun [see Appendix A] in accordance with the
following procedure:-
a) Fit the spiking gun equipment, between the coloured tapes, [see Sections 3.3 and 5.5]
securely onto the cable in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
b) Spike the identified cable using the long lanyard provided. Before removing the spike
from the cable, check that no circuit breaker has tripped on fault at substations
connected to any cables running in the vicinity of the site where the spiking has taken
place.
c) When removing the spiking gun, check that the spike has cut through into one phase
core and the EARTHED sheath, or through two phase cores.
Note: If a LIVE cable has been spiked in error, there will not necessarily be an explosion
at the point of spiking. The clearance speed of some types of circuit protection
could reduce the effects of the short-circuit fault current, so that in consequence,
there could only be a minimal disturbance at the site of the spiking.
7. High Voltage Cables that need not to be Spiked

7.1 In some circumstances it is not desirable to use an APPROVED cable spiking gun to prove
an HV cable is DEAD, because of the damage its operation inflicts on the cable. Three
main examples are when:-
a) A repair is necessary on an oil-filled or gas-filled pressure cable.
b) A superficial repair only is necessary on the cable sheath or armouring.
c) Carrying out an internal examination of a cable box.
7.2 In these circumstances it is the duty of the SAEP to ensure that identification of the cable to
be worked on, or inspected, is positive, and that the CEP who is to receive the
ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK for that work, is fully satisfied with the precautions taken
to ensure his safety.

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APPENDIX A
APPROVED CABLE ELECTRICAL IDENTIFICATION EQUIPMENT

NAME & TYPE OF EQUIPMENT COMMENTS & USE
MANUFACTURER: DYNATRON
MODEL TYPE: METROMECH
MODEL NO.: 810
APPROVED TYPES OF CABLE SPIKING GUNS

MANUFACTURER: BOWTHORPE EMP Complete with 10m of hose
MODEL TYPE: HYDRAULIC
MODEL NO.:

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14. ESOP – 11
ESOP 11 MECHANICAL RULES FOR OPERATING MACHINES AND
OTHER PLANT
1. General
1.1 The ESR call for specific precautions to be taken before persons commence work on or near
electrical APPARATUS. The majority of these precautions are adopted to prevent DANGER
to those persons for LIVE HV and LV electrical systems.
1.2 When work is to take place on generating plant and similar rotating machines, it is also
necessary to prevent DANGER from mechanical or other types of hazards.
1.3 This PROCEDURE calls for MECHANICAL Rules to be applied in such instances, in addition
to the requirements of the ESR.
1.4 Precautions to be taken when work is to take place in a building or enclosure protected by
automatic Halon, CO 2 or similar installation is also included.
2. Generating or Rotating Plant

2.1 All electrical connections must be ISOLATED and a SAFETY PADLOCK and CAUTION
NOTICE attached.
2.2 The rotating parts shall be at rest and cooled sufficiently to allow work without DANGER.
2.3 The fuel supply control valve should be closed and a SAFETY PADLOCK and CAUTION
NOTICE attached.
2.4 Any ignition devices and field switches shall be made inoperative and a SAFETY PADLOCK
and CAUTION NOTICE attached.
2.5 If the rotating parts can easily rotate without motive power, then the lockable feature shall be
operated and a SAFETY PADLOCK and CAUTION NOTICE attached.
2.6 The AEP shall issue an ELECTRICAL ISOLATION/ DE-ISOLATION CERTIFICATE to the
person in charge of the work.
2.7 The person in charge of the work shall obtain a WORK PERMIT.
2.8 If any work is to take place on the HV windings, connections, or any other work involving
dismantling of the HV rotating equipment an ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK will also be
issued to the person in charge.
3. Automatic Fire Protection Installations

3.1 Before entering any enclosure protected by Halon or CO 2, the automatic control shall be
made inoperative and the installation placed on manual control.
3.2 An APPROVED notice shall be attached to the operating control stating that the installation is
on manual control.
3.3 Any ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT, or WORK PERMIT issued for work in such
enclosures, shall state that the automatic feature is to be left inoperative when persons are
inside.
3.4 The automatic control is to be restored immediately when persons withdraw from the
enclosure.
4. Immobilisation/Mobilisation Procedure by AP- Specific LV Motors

4.1 This procedure is only to be used in areas where LOW VOLTAGE motors are
operated from Motor Control centres (MCCs) with main isolator devices equipped
with padlocks, of which the suitability must be checked by the area CP.

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Reference shall be made to PR-1947 (Electrical Safety Rules), section-6

4.2 Method of Immobilisation
PROCEDURE TO IMMOBILISE A SPECIFIC LV MOTOR, FOR USE BY APPOINTED
PERSONS ONLY.
PERMIT REQUIREMENTS:
- Electrical Immobilisation / Mobilisation Certificate (ESR Appendix-E3)
- Operations Work Permit Procedure
1. Ensure motor is stopped from process.
2. Motor Remote Control Unit:
a) Check identification number is as given on work permit.
b) Padlock in "OFF" position using SAFETY PADLOCK.
3. Motor Control panel.
a) Identify correct cubicle as per work permit equipment tag number
b) Move the Isolator to the "OFF" position.
c) Fit SAFETY PADLOCK to lock isolator in position.
d) Tie on CAUTION NOTICE.
e) Fill up label and tag.
f) Enter in the switch room/substation log book.
4. Motor Remote control unit:
a) Unlock and switch to "ON" position to check motor will not start.
b) Padlock in "OFF" position and fix caution notice on the RCU.
c) Put both the SAFETY PADLOCK keys in one of the KEY SAFE in the switch room
and collect two keys.
5. Write" IMMOBILISED" and sign in section 2.a of the work permit.
6. Hand over one key safe key and work permit to the work party.
7. The green copy of the work permit and the other key should be given to the operator.
Notes:
1) All locks used shall be SAFETY PADLOCK i.e. unique key type.
2) The Tag/Label shall have date, time, work permit number, reason and by whom the motor
was made dead. (use pre-printed paper label with appropriate wording)
3) Procedure must be followed in stated order of activities.
4) There are different types of isolators /safety switches, ask if you are not certain how they
operate.
PROCEDURE TO RETURN LV MOTOR TO SERVICE, FOR USE BY APPOINTED PERSONS
ONLY.
PROCEDURE:
1. Permit holder completes and signs section 11 of work permit, section 4 of immobilisation /
mobilisation certificate and hand over the key.
2. Ensure work party has completed the job, tools and lifting equipment removed guards,
covers etc. has been reinstated.
Version 10.0
3. Motor control panel:

a) Open KEY SAFE and collect SAFETY PADLOCK keys.
b) Remove CAUTION NOTICE, SAFETY PADLOCK and Tag/label.
c) Move the isolator to the "ON" position.
d) Enter in the logbook.
4. Motor Remote Control unit.
a) Remove CAUTION NOTICE, Padlock and Tag/Label.

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4.3Training Procedure:
Sr.N
ACTIVITIES PERIOD ACTION BY MONITORED BY
o
01 Selecting personnel for 1 week Area Electrical Area Coordinator
appointment of "APPOINTED Supervisor,
PERSON" Area
Coordinator
02 Selected personnel should 10 days UIE/3E Area Coordinator
undergo the following technical
courses-
* ELECTRICAL SAFETY (LEL
040)
* ESR LOW VOLTAGE COURSE
( LEL 060)
03 Selected personnel should 2 months Area Electrical Area Coordinator
familiarise the area under his Supervisor
preview and acquire good
knowledge in the following areas-
* Various types of switchgear and
their operation in MCC room for
which this procedure is applicable
* RCU and their operations.
* Identification of cables
* Identification of equipment
* Log book keeping etc.
04 On the job training to the selected 6 months Area Electrical Area Coordinator
personnel as per the standard Supervisor
procedures
05 Observe the selected personnel 2 months Area Electrical Area Coordinator
performing the procedures Supervisor
independently
06 Examination/Testing of selected 1 week Area electrical Area Coordinator
personnel for giving "APPOINTED Supervisor
PERSON" authority
07 Review of "PROCEDURES" to the every 6 Area Electrical Area Coordinator
"APPOINTED PERSONS" months Supervisor
08 Review the activities stated above every 3 Head-Power Area Coordinator
months system
operation and
maintenance.
Note: The period mentioned against Sl no 4 and 5 may be varied from person to person. The period
can be increased or decreased till the Area Electrical Supervisor fully satisfies the Appointed Persons
performance.

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15. ESOP – 12
ESOP 12 PROVISION OF SUBSTATION SAFETY OPERATIONAL
EQUIPMENT AND INFORMATION
1. General
1.1 This PROCEDURE calls for specific notices and equipment to be provided at all specified
PDO HV substations.
1.2 In addition it lists the technical information, concerning the APPARATUS installed in the
substation that should, as a minimum requirement, be made available on site to those EPs
responsible for its operation.
1.3 The term 'major' substation is used to exclude 11kV and 6.6kV substations supplying LV
systems feeding domestic and commercial consumers.
2. Notices
2.1 All designated entrances to all substations shall show an APPROVED WARNING sign in
both English and Arabic.
2.2 All designated entrances to substation enclosures protected by fixed CO 2 fire fighting
installations, shall have a notice calling attention to the installation and the need to make
the automatic control feature inoperative before entering.
An indication lamp shall be provided to call attention that the automatic control feature has
been made inoperative.
2.3 A notice shall be posted in all substations, in both English and Arabic, containing directions
on the resuscitation of persons suffering from the effects of electric shock.
2.4 A number of DANGER, CAUTION and EARTHING NOTICES shall be provided at all
substations.
2.5 Each substation shall have labels mounted on the outside clearly identifying it from all other
substations.
2.6 A notice shall be posted identifying the CP responsible for the substation and his contact
telephone number.
3. Equipment to be Provided
3.1 Where CO2 fire fighting installations are installed a switch shall be provided to remove the
automatic control feature and put it on manual control.
3.2 Company approved portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in all substations, close to
the entrance and access doors. For Company approved fire extinguishers refer to HSE
procedure SRD/S/02.
3.3 When adjacent to an outside switchyard, the substation shall be provided with APPROVED
portable EARTHING leads that can be used as CMEs in that switchyard. APPROVED
labels inscribed 'CME' shall be made available to be attached to such leads. [see ESOP 6]
3.4 First aid kits shall be provided at all substations.
3.5 A telephone shall be provided at all substations with a list of telephone numbers of all
emergency services, Control Rooms, other substations and associated power stations.
3.6 All substations shall be provided with a log book that can be used to record SWITCHING,
visits, inspections and protection relay trip indications prior to relay reset.
3.7 All major substations shall be provided with a single line diagram to indicate the position of
all circuit breakers and disconnectors.

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3.8 All major substations containing oil filled equipment shall be provided with a fire proof
blanket.
3.9 Ladders provided on site for use in switchyards shall be of a non-conductive type and be
secured, when not in use, with a STANDARD ELECTRICAL PADLOCK.
4. Information
4.1 All major substations shall be provided with the following information on site.
4.1.1 A SOP for the types of switchgear installed in the substation. [see ESOP 16]
4.1.2 Drawings for types of switchgear installed.
4.1.3 Drawings for the transformers and tap changers installed.
4.1.4 Drawings for the batteries and battery chargers.
5. Technical Data
5.1 All major substations shall be provided with the following technical data on site.
5.1.1 Schematics for protection systems installed
5.1.2 Wiring diagrams for switchgear and associated control panels.
5.1.3 Schematics for transformer tap changer and automatic voltage control system installed.
5.1.4 Wiring diagrams for tap changer and automatic voltage control system.
5.1.5 Setting figures for all protection relays including any winding or oil temperature alarms or
trips. 'Cutting in' temperature figures for fans and/or pumps from transformer instruments
(if this is not available at the Area Control Room).
5.1.6 Any other technical data that would assist maintenance or post-fault investigations on site.
6. Storage of Information
6.1 Each major substation shall be provided with a suitable storage cabinet to accommodate
the information, drawings and technical data called for in Sections 4.0 and 5.0.

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16. ESOP – 14
ESOP 14 LOSSES OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS AND
ELECTRICAL KEYS
1. Objectives
1.1 This PROCEDURE is issued to provide guidelines that shall be followed to ensure the safety
of personnel when any of the following operational situations occur in PDO.
a) ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS issued to allow work or testing, on or near PDO
electrical APPARATUS are missing or lost and the work or testing is not complete.
b) ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS issued to allow work or testing, on or near PDO
electrical APPARATUS are missing or lost and the APPARATUS is urgently required
back in service.
c) The recipient of an ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT issued to allow work or
testing, on or near PDO electrical APPARATUS is away from the site and cannot be
traced to sign the Clearance Section of the document, or to agree to its cancellation,
when the APPARATUS is urgently required back in service.
d) The loss of or missing keys to:-
· STANDARD ELECTRICAL LOCKS or PADLOCKS,
· SAFETY PADLOCKS and
· KEY SAFES as defined in ESOP 2.
1.2 The ESR state that ELECTRICAL PERMITS-TO-WORK, SANCTIONS-TO-TEST,
LIMITATIONS-OF-ACCESS and ELECTRICAL ISOLATION/DE-ISOLATION
CERTIFICATES are all ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS.
2. Loss of an Electrical Safety Document

Following procedures shall be followed if a safety document is Missing or Lost and the
Work, or Testing Is Incomplete.
2.1 Work or testing shall not proceed until the following procedures have been carried out:-
a) All members of the WORKING PARTY are withdrawn from the work or testing.
b) A thorough search has been made for the missing document.
c) The recipient of the document shall sign the copy in the book from which the document
was issued, confirming that he has cleared the document; an SAEP shall then cancel
it.
d) A new ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT shall be issued to allow the completion of
the work or testing.
e) The CP shall be informed if the missing, or lost document is cancelled in these
circumstances, and the details of the new one issued.

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17. ESOP – 15
ESOP 15 BOUNDARY PROCEDURES FOR THE INTERIOR HIGH
VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM-INTERIOR
1. General
1.1 The Infrastructure Power system generation, transmission and distribution, with its
associated substations and electrical plant, requires clearly defined boundaries of
responsibility to be established for the Control personnel, who are involved in the system
control and operation of these interconnected HV electrical systems.
1.2 The ESR require a CP to be appointed in writing for each section of a HV system, within
defined electrical boundaries, and this PROCEDURE identifies where such boundaries exist
in the Infrastructure Power system generation, transmission and distribution system.
1.3 Attached to this PROCEDURE, are a SCHEDULE and a set of single line diagrams, which
clearly define system boundaries and identify each PDO operations Electrical group,
including OETC responsible for a system's control and operation.
Refer Appendix- A (SCHEDULE) and Appendix- B (list of single line diagrams).
2. IDENTIFICATION of ELECTRICAL PERSONNEL

Following procedures shall be followed for Identification of PDO & 3rd PARTY Operations
Electrical Groups of Personnel.
2.1 Solely for the purpose of this PROCEDURE it is necessary to choose terms that clearly
identify personnel who are to control and operate circuits and APPARATUS that make up
the total interconnected electrical system.
2.2 The Area Operations (PFAT : Production Flow Asset Team) Electrical Supervisor and
personnel responsible to this post have been referred to collectively as 'Distribution Staff'
and shall be identified as 'DIST' in this PROCEDURE.
2.3 The Head of Power System Operations & Maintenance personnel responsible to this post
have been referred to collectively as 'Transmission staff' and shall be identified as 'TRANS'
in this PROCEDURE.
2.4 The Area Estate Services Electrical Supervisors and the personnel responsible to this post
have been referred to collectively as 'Estate Services Staff' and shall be identified as 'EST'
in this PROCEDURE.
2.5 Staff employed by Third parties have been referred to collectively as ’Third Party’ Staff' and
shall be identified as 'THIRD PARTY' in this PROCEDURE.
Note: Exactly who the above identified groups of PDO staff are in terms of reference indicators
depends on the organisational structure in place at the time. ESOP 0 defines for the
current organisational structure the reference indicators for each group of PDO staff .
3. Selection of System Control Boundaries

3.1 Within any defined boundary, one CP shall be responsible for agreeing to all operations,
allowing circuits or busbars to be SWITCHED, ISOLATED, EARTHED and ELECTRICAL
SAFETY DOCUMENTS issued.
3.2 The CP shall consult with other CPs when the SWITCHING PROGRAMME he is agreeing
to will affect the electrical systems for which they are responsible.
[see SP-1947 (ESR) Rule 5.2.2]
Example: If a switchboard controlled by 'TRANS' requires to be isolated, then the
'TRANS' CP shall consult with the 'DIST' CP, in case the isolation will affect
any radial feeders which are normally controlled by 'DIST'.
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3.3 The control boundaries of the HV electrical systems interconnected by the 132kV overhead
line shall be at the following points:-
a) The busbar spouts of isolatable metal clad circuit breakers feeding single line radial
feeders.
b) The tee-off points of the radial feeders on the 33kV overhead line rings supplying the
production facilities.
4. Operation of Apparatus
4.1 SWITCHING or the application and removal of CMEs shall be with the agreement or at the
direction of the CP responsible for that circuit or busbar. Actual SWITCHING operations
shall be performed in accordance with a SWITCHING PROGRAMME. For apparatus which
has the facility of remote SWITCHING by Scada, for which 'DIST' is responsible for control,
then the 'TRANS' authorized person in the Yibal or Marmul Control Room using the SCADA
equipment may act as an operator.
4.2 'TRANS' and 'DIST' personnel may operate any apparatus and apply and remove CMEs on
circuits for which they are not operationally responsible, but only after request and
agreement of the CP responsible for that circuit or busbar.
5. Schedule of System Control

A Schedule of System Control Responsibilities has been produced for the Infrastructure
Power system generation, transmission and distribution systems, to assist personnel in
identifying which CP is responsible for controlling a specific circuit within the overall system,
in accordance with the requirements laid down by the ESR.
APPENDIX A
SCHEDULE OF SYSTEM CONTROL RESPONSIBILITIES

Note: This schedule shall be used in conjunction with the relevant single line diagram(s), listed in
appendix B.
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a) TRANSMISSION & GENERATION ‘TRANS’ for:

· All equipment within the boundaries of the 132kV substations.
· All equipment within the boundaries of the power stations.
· All 66kV and 132kV transmission lines.
· All 33kV ring feeder and associated line isolators originating from 132kV substations and
power stations.
· Incomers and bus sections of switchgear at production facilities originating from 132kV
substations and power stations.
· Incomers and bus sections of switchgear in the camp/industrial substations originating
from 132kV substations and power stations.
b) DISTRIBUTION 'DIST' for:
· All 33kV overhead line high voltage feeders, except as described above.
· All distribution and electrical equipment at production facilities.
· All distribution equipment in the camp/industrial facilities.
c) ESTATE SERVICES 'EST' for:
· All electrical equipment within the boundaries of the R.O plants, except for the main
incomer feeders which are controlled by 'DIST'.
· All building services at PDO camp and industrial facilities.
d) THIRD PARTIES 'THIRD PARTY' for:
Third parties, at present, include following Companies:
 Majis Industrial Services Company SAOC (MISG)
 Mazoon Electricity Company SAOC (MZEC)
 Middle East Development Company LLC (MEDCO)
 Oman Electricity Transmission Company SAOC (OETC)
 Oman Gas Company (OGC)
 Oman Power and Water Procurement Company SAOC ( OPWP)
 Petro Gas
 Rural Areas Electricity Company SAOC (RAEC)
· All electrical distribution equipment and the distribution network within those places,
including the 33kV disconnectors will be controlled by the respective ‘Third party’.
· The 33kV auto reclosers / fuses installed in the terminal pole of the 33kV overhead line
at the tee-off to the 3rd party facilities and the 33kV ring main are controlled by ‘DIST” .
In case the third party facility supply is originating from a switch gear/panel, the same
also will be controlled by ‘DIST’
APPENDIX B
LIST OF SINGLE LINE DIAGRAMS

BOUNDARY DETAILS
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Note: The following single line diagrams, form part of this ESOP
DRAW. NO. ISSUED
AREA DESCRIPTION/SUB AREA REV.
EFD 4 .... ATE
0252 001 North Oman Lekhwair & Yibal, 07/2009 G
0252 002 North Oman Yibal-2, Fahud, Nahada 1&2, Kauther & 07/2009 F
Burhaan
0252 003 North Oman Qarn Alam, Saih Nihayda, Burhaan, 07/2009 E
Ghaba North, Saih Rawl & Mabrouk
0252.007 North Oman Saih Rawl 132kV GIS Substation 07/2009 O
0252 004 South Oman Anzauz, Suwaihat, Zauliyah, Bahja, 07/2009 E
Sayyala & Barik
0252.005 South Oman Hubara, Rima, Runib, Mukhaizna, Nimr- 07/2009 B
E, Nimr West, NGS &NRPS
0252.006 South Oman Amin, Amal, Haima West, Marmul, 07/2009 A
Birba, Thuleilat & Harweel

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18. ESOP – 16
ESOP-16 PROVISION OF SWITCHGEAR OPERATING PROCEDURES
& PROCEDURES FOR APPOINTED PERSONS
1. Objectives
1.1 This PROCEDURE is issued to ensure that:
(a) When a new type of switchgear is installed at a power station, or substation, a
complete SOP is available on site for the Custodian who is to operate the units.
(b) When activities have been identified, which can be carried out by APs, a complete PAP
is available on site for the respective AP(s).
1.2 A dedicated SOP shall be prepared and be available on site, prior to the commissioning for
each new type of switchgear that is being handed over to the Custodian to operate.
Note: There is no need to prepare an SOP for a type of switchgear, which is provided
under a project, but is existing in PDO somewhere else.
1.3 A dedicated PAP shall be prepared and be available on site, prior to the start of tasks or
activities to be carried out by the respective APs. Prior to applying the PAP the respective
APs shall be fully familiar with the PAP for which they are authorised.
1.4 SOPs and PAPs resort under the 'Operations Standards & Practices' .
2. Preparation of Switchgear Operating Procedures

2.1 It is the Project Engineer's responsibility to establish whether an SOP is required for the
switchgear types installed as part of his project. [see Note of section 1].
2.2 The Project Engineer responsible for the installation of the switchgear shall obtain from the
manufacturer, full operating instructions for all new types of switchgear being installed.
2.3 The Project Engineer shall ensure that the SOP is prepared in the format approved by the
CFDH-E.
2.4 All operations, using the SOP, shall be able to be carried out in strict accordance with the
ESR and ESOPs.
2.5 Full instructions shall be prepared for each of the operations listed in Section 3.0.
2.6 For LOW VOLTAGE switchgear a generic operating procedure must be clearly posted in the
switch room where the equipment is located with generic instructions for each of the
operations in section 3.0.
3. Switchgear Operating Procedures

3.1 The SOP shall include full instructions on how to carry out the following operations:-
a) Close and open all the switchgear units.
To include the use of any synchronising devices.
b) ISOLATION of the circuit breakers.
Application of SAFETY PADLOCKS to shutters or disconnector handles.
c) ISOLATION of any circuit voltage transformer.
Application of SAFETY PADLOCKS to any shutters.
d) ISOLATION of any busbar voltage transformer.
Application of SAFETY PADLOCKS to any shutters.

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e) EARTHING of a feeder circuit.

To include the use of an APPROVED voltage testing device into any feeder spouts.
Use of the circuit breaker or fully rated EARTHING switch to apply a CME.
Application of SAFETY PADLOCKS or device to prevent inadvertent tripping of circuit
breaker, or the opening of the EARTHING switch in error.
f) EARTHING of a section of busbar.
To include the use of an APPROVED voltage testing device into any busbar spouts.
Use of a circuit breaker, or fully rated EARTHING switch, to apply a CME to the busbar.
g) Full instructions on the correct operation of any interlocking arrangements, such as
Castell locks or similar devices.
h) Fitting, or insertion, of any test plugs provided with the units.
j) Any other operations that are called for by PDO in their switchgear specification.
4. Approval of Switchgear Operating Procedures

4.1 When the SOP has been prepared, the Project Engineer shall submit it to the Custodian to
check it is complete, and that it covers all the associated activities they are to carry out.
4.2 Having obtained the agreement of the Custodian, the Project Engineer shall submit it to the
CFDH-E for approval.
4.3 The Operations Electrical Support Engineer shall keep an up-to-date record of SOPs
issued, obtain an unique reference number to every SOP received, and ensure that the
SOP is included in the 'Operations Standards & Practices'.
4.4 The Project Engineer shall ensure that a copy of the SOP is on site prior to the
commissioning of the switchgear.
5. Preparation of Procedures for Appointed Persons

5.1 It is the Custodian's responsibility to identify such activities, which can be carried out in a
safe and responsible manner by persons having AP status, in the interest of using available
resources more economically. [see ESR section 10]
Note: 1) The Custodian in this instance is almost always Operations.
2) It shall be recognised that APs do not generally have an electrical background.
5.2 Once such activities have been identified, it is the Custodian's responsibility to prepare a
dedicated PAP for those activities, in the format approved by the CFDH-E. In most
instances this task should be performed by the Area Operations Electrical Supervisor.
5.3 All activities specified in the PAP, shall be able to be carried out in strict accordance with
the ESR and ESOPs.
5.4 Full instructions shall be prepared for each of the activities listed in Section 6.0.
6. Procedures for Appointed Persons

When writing a PAP it should be realised that the users are APs, who do in general not have
an electrical background or have received any prior electrical training. The PAP shall be
short and concise (ideally not more than one page) and be precise in its instructions and not
be ambiguous or open to different interpretations. The use of electrical jargon shall be
avoided.
The PAP is typically meant for small and uncomplicated tasks, for which little or no
electrical knowledge is required. It shall at least cover the following:-
a) A clear title stating the objective of the PAP.
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b) A list of permits required to carry out the tasks specified in the PAP.
c) Precise and concise step by step instructions in chronological order
d) Instructions which safety precautions shall be taken. E.g., the application of SAFETY
PADLOCKS, CAUTION and/or DANGER NOTICES etc.
e) Potentially hazardous situations shall be highlighted and instructions given to avoid
or manage these hazards.
7. Approval of Procedures for Appointed Persons

7.1 When the PAP has been prepared, the originator shall submit it to the relevant Head of
Utility, who after checking and verification, shall forward the PAP to the CFDH-E for
approval prior to its implementation.
7.2 The Operations Electrical Support Engineer shall keep an up-to-date record of PAPs issued,
assign a unique reference number to every PAP received, and ensure that the PAP is
included in the 'Operations Standards & Practices'.
7.3 The Custodian shall ensure that a copy of the PAP is on site and available for use by the
APs and that APs receive proper training prior to applying the PROCEDURE.

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19. ESOP – 17
ESOP-17 BOUNDARY PROCEDURE FOR COASTAL AREA MEDC /
ORPC / PDO ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
1. General
1.1 The MAF area electrical generation and distribution system, with its associated substations
requires clearly defined boundaries of responsibility to be established between PDO
Electrical Supervisors, ORPC Operations personnel and MEDC Control personnel who are
involved in the system control and operation of these interconnected HV electrical systems.
1.2 The ESR require a CP to be appointed in writing for each section of HV system within
defined electrical boundaries and this PROCEDURE identifies where such boundaries exist
at the PDO Main Intake Substation.
1.3 A SCHEDULE detailing major items of electrical APPARATUS and identifying the MEDC,
ORPC and PDO responsibilities for their control and operation are attached to this
PROCEDURE.
2. Identification of MEDC/ORPC/PDO Groups of Personnel

2.1 Solely for the purpose of this PROCEDURE it is necessary to choose terms that clearly
identify personnel who are to control and operate circuits and APPARATUS that constitute
the boundaries of the interconnected electrical system.
2.2 The MEDC Area Control Engineer and personnel responsible to this post have been
referred to collectively as MEDC Staff and shall be identified as ' MEDC' in this
PROCEDURE and its attached SCHEDULE.
2.3 The ORPC Operations Engineer and personnel responsible to this post have been referred
to collectively as ORPC Staff and shall be identified as 'ORPC' in this PROCEDURE and its
attached SCHEDULE.
2.4 The Head of Utility and personnel responsible to this post have been referred to collectively
as 'PDO' in this PROCEDURE and its attached SCHEDULE.
3. Main Division of Control Responsibilities

3.1 The division of responsibilities centres upon the 33kV switchboard at the PDO Main Intake
Substation. The CP for this switchboard will be 'PDO'.
3.2 'MEDC' shall control the 33kV feeder circuits from their Al Falaj Substation to the PDO Main
Intake Substation.
3.3 'ORPC' shall control the radial 33kV feeders to their 33/11kV and 33/6.6kV transformers
together with their associated 11kV and 6.6kV circuits.
3.4 'PDO' shall control:-
(a) The 33 kV bus bars and circuit breakers along with all the associated substation
auxiliary equipment and
(b) The radial 33kV feeders to their 33/11kV transformers and 11kV distribution circuit at
Mina al Fahal and Ras al Hamra.
4. Selection of System Control Boundaries

4.1 Defined boundaries shall be at points so that any specific circuit or busbar requires only
one CP to be responsible for agreeing all operations allowing that circuit or busbar to be
SWITCHED, ISOLATED, EARTHED and ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS issued.

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4.2 That CP shall consult with other CPs when the SWITCHING he is agreeing to will affect
electrical systems for which they are responsible. [see ESR Rule 5.2.2.]
Example: If one of the 33 kV incoming circuits has to be switched out then the MEDC CP
shall first consult with PDO CP before the circuit switching commences.
4.3 Control boundaries of the HV interconnected MEDC/PDO electrical system shall be at the
33kV incoming cable spouts of the isolatable metal-clad 33kV switchgear in the PDO Main
Intake Substation:-
· Incoming cable spouts Al Falaj No.1, 2 3 & 4
4.4 Control boundaries of the HV interconnected ORPC/PDO electrical systems shall be at the
outgoing 33kV cable spouts of the isolatable metal-clad 33kV switchgear in the PDO Main
Intake Station:-
· Outgoing cable spouts ORPC-1 & ORPC-2
· Outgoing cable spouts ORPC-PP-1 & ORPC-PP-2
5. Operation of Apparatus
5.1 SWITCHING or the application and removal of CMEs shall be with the agreement or at the
direction of the CP responsible for that circuit or busbar. Actual SWITCHING operations
shall be performed in accordance with a SWITCHING PROGRAMME.
6. Identification of Apparatus
The circuit breaker, transformer and associated plant numbering used in this PROCEDURE
have been taken from the following drawing:-
· MEDC/ORPC/PDO Electrical Boundaries - Drawing No: EFD-4-0252-010 Rev.B
7. Schedule of System Control and Operation

7.1 The SCHEDULE of System Control, Operation and Maintenance, - Appendix A - has been
produced to define for personnel the electrical boundaries and responsibilities, in
accordance with the requirements of the ESR.
APPENDIX A - SYSTEM CONTROL, OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

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ISOLATION
CONTROL OPERATIONS EARTHING
APPARATUS AND CIRCUITS OR MAINTEN
PERSON CLOSING ELECTRICAL
VOLTAGE ITEMS ANCE
RESPONSIBLE TRIPPING SAFETY
DOCUMENTS
33kV OVERHEAD Al Falaj
MEDC -- MEDC/PDO MEDC
LINE/CABLE No.1, 2, 3 & 4
INCOMERS:-
Al Falaj-1, 2, 3, PDO PDO PDO PDO
4
Bus bars PDO -- PDO PDO
Bus Section PDO PDO PDO PDO
33kV Outgoing:-
PDO PDO PDO PDO
SWITCHGEAR PDO-1, 2, 3
outgoing:-
ORPC PDO/ORPC PDO PDO
ORPC-1, 2
Outgoing:-
ORPC PDO/ORPC PDO PDO
ORPC-PP-1, 2
33kV PDO-1, 2, 3 PDO PDO PDO PDO
CABLES ORPC-1, 2
ORPC -- PDO/ORPC ORPC
ORPC-PP-1, 2
ALL OTHER
SUBSTATION PDO PDO PDO PDO
EQUIPMENT

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20. ESOP – 18
ESOP-18 REPORTING OF ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS AND EMERGENCY
SWITCHING
1. General
1.1 The ESR (Sections 3.4, 3.5) requires reports to be made in accordance with APPROVED
PROCEDURES in the event of abnormal incidents, accidents or loss of supply.
The following guidelines are the APPROVED PROCEDURES to be followed in the event of
such circumstances.
2. Objections
2.1 ESR Rules 3.2 directs that any person who objects to performing operations or work on HV
APPARATUS shall make their reasons known to the person issuing the instructions. It is
expected that they will endeavour to reach an agreement and come to a decision whether
the instructions should be amended or cancelled.
2.2 When an agreement cannot be reached, the person issuing the instructions will refer the
matter to a higher Electrical Authority for a decision or advice before issuing further
instructions.
Example: An AEP may refer to a SAEP and a SAEP to CFDH-E.
2.3 The higher Electrical Authority will decide if a report on the objections, and the reasons,
should be submitted to the:-
· Area Coordinator
· The CFDH-E
3. Accidents and Incidents

3.1 The reporting procedure for accidents and incidents is laid down in the HSE procedure
SRD/P/01.
3.2 In addition to the above procedure for all accidents or incidents, which have an electrical
aspect, a copy of all reports shall be sent to the CFDH-E.
3.3 ESR Rule 3.4 calls for all dangerous occurrences and electrical accidents to be reported
immediately to the CP who shall report in accordance with an APPROVED procedure. The
CP is not required to duplicate the above procedure in Section 3.1 but should ensure that
appropriate reports are made.
4. Failure of Supply / Electrical Fault

4.1 ESR Rule 3.5 requires that any failure of supply on the HV system shall be reported to the
CP. Loss of supply to important associated LV installations and consumers also should be
included under this heading.
4.2 When the CP becomes aware of such supply interruptions (or severe voltage fluctuations)
he shall act in accordance with the Emergency Response Procedures Part III Volume 7 (for
the Interior) and Volume 10 (for the Coast).
[see PR-1168]
4.3 The Originator shall prepare a fault report addressed to the CP and the Head of Power
System Operation and Maintenance with a copy to the relevant Operation Electrical
Support Engineers, Head of Integrity, CFDH-E and the Power System Control Engineer at
Yibal Power station.
[see Appendix A for a specimen of a fault report]

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4.4 The CP will coordinate the preparation of any further reports required by Operations or the
CFDH-E.
5. Emergency Switching
5.1 ESR Rule 5.2.1.7 and ESR Rule 5.2.3 both may require EPs and suitable authorised
operators to implement emergency SWITCHING to avoid DANGER to persons or
APPARATUS.
5.2 When the CP becomes aware that such SWITCHING has taken place, first he shall
consider what further action needs to be taken to safeguard persons, APPARATUS, or to
restore power supplies to PDO facilities and consumers.
5.3 The CP then shall decide if the seriousness of the incident and possible subsequent loss of
power supplies requires him immediately to make a verbal report to the Area Head of
Operations or wait until normal office hours.
5.4 The CP then shall confirm this verbal report in writing by e mail or fax to head of Operations
and maintenance, with a copy telex to the CFDH-E.
6. Control Person Reports

6.1 Urgent verbal reports made by the CP in accordance with this PROCEDURE are mainly for
management information and should be treated as such.
6.2 Written reports made by the Originator to Operations shall contain factual information, but
should not be considered as full reports on on-site occurrences.
7. Guidelines for Preparing Fault / Failure Reports

Fault reports serve a useful purpose, as they are used to analyse the reported fault.
The result of such an analysis can be that (i) a protection setting has to be changed, or (ii)
that equipment which breaks down often, will no longer be purchased, or (iii) an electrical
system has to be upgraded etc.
Appendix A and B shows specimen electrical fault report form and specimen electrical
failure action form. These shall be used to report electrical faults of whatever nature (e.g.
equipment failure or power outage).
To facilitate analysis, the report should be concise and factual, for instance when discussing the
cause of failure, be sure not to mix facts with opinion.
Adequate detail shall be provided; the entries in the report serve as a guide for this.
When reporting on an equipment failure, state the following:
· Name plate details (e.g., of a faulty motor)
· Make and type of equipment involved, including location (e.g. LV switchgear Capitole
3N in substation xx).
· Sub system of equipment (e.g. starter drawer, panel number).
· Any other detail you deem to be relevant.
Sometimes it can be helpful to submit with the fault report a single line diagram, showing
the location of the fault. Very useful are pictures of the faulty equipment.
In case of an equipment failure it is very important to keep the equipment available
for inspection at a later date. Do not throw away anything!

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Appendix A Electrical Fault Report Form
Electrical Fault Report Form
0
Fault number:
1
0
Type of Fault
2
0
Date of Fault:
3
0
Time of Fault:
4
0
Date Power Restored:
5
0
Time Power Restored:
6
0
Area
7
0
Weather Conditions:
8
0
System Interruption
9
1 System Configuration Prior to
0 Fault:
1
Station Affected
1
1
Generator Alarms:
2
1
Protection Relay Indication:
3
1
Action Taken:
4

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1
Net Oil Deferment m3
5
1
Supplies Restored:
6
1
Cause of Fault:
7
1
Remarks:
8
1
Report made by:
9
2
Reference Ind.:
0
2
Department:
1
Appendix B - Electrical Failure Action Form
Electrical Failure Action Form
EFR No.
Area
Voltage
Type of Fault
Effect
Deferment
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Maintenance
History
Compliance
Status
Priority
Action Ref No. Action Action Close
Party Out
Date
Action Follow up
Completion Confirmation Statement
EFR No.
Area
Voltage
Type of Fault
Effect
Deferment
Maintenance
History
Compliance
Status
Priority
Action Ref No. Action Action Close
Party Out
Date
Action Follow up

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21. ESOP – 21
ESOP-21 APPLICATION OF LV EARTHING DEVICES TO LOW
VOLTAGE SWITCHBOARDS
1. General
1.1 The ESR (Rule 5.4) require that before work can take place on LV APPARATUS, or
conductors, they shall be made DEAD, ISOLATED and where practicable locked off with
SAFETY PADLOCKS.
Additionally the Rules require that when it is necessary, because of the design of the LV
system or switchboard, or because of the nature of the work to be done, LV EARTHS shall
be applied.
1.2 ESR Rule 5.5.3.2 requires that an LV EARTH shall be of an APPROVED design and ESR
Rule 5.5.3 details the procedures that shall be followed when such LV EARTHS are applied
to LV APPARATUS.
1.3 ESR Rule 7.8 details the precautions, including the application of any LV EARTH, before
work takes place on LV switchboards.
1.4 This PROCEDURE proposes guidelines to follow when it is necessary to apply LV EARTHS
to PDO LV APPARATUS and specifies the APPROVED equipment that shall be used.
2. The Need for Approved Portable LV Earthing Equipment

2.1 The majority of LV APPARATUS, purchased and installed by PDO, does not include any
designed facility for EARTHING any of its internal connections or conductors terminating
onto it.
The design philosophy of manufacturers of LV ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT has been, that
by providing suitable ISOLATING, locking-off facilities and adequate busbar interlocking
features, safe working conditions can always be provided for persons working on or testing
LV APPARATUS without the need for EARTHING.
2.2 In many instances SAFETY PADLOCKS (as defined in ESR Rule 2.13) cannot be fitted
onto many LV switchboard units or busbar interlocking arrangements.
It is difficult in some situations, in particular on remote sites, always to ensure that fuses or
links, removed for ISOLATION purposes, will not be replaced in error by unauthorised
persons. In these circumstances EPs responsible for the work sometimes decided to apply
EARTHING as an additional precaution.
PDO personnel and contractor's staff instructed to work on LV APPARATUS, in some
instances, wish to see that the conductors are EARTHED, in addition to being made DEAD,
particularly when the APPARATUS is connected onto the LV side of a HV/LV transformer.
2.3 If it is necessary, or operationally desirable, to EARTH LV APPARATUS then it should be
done as a properly recorded SWITCHING operation, using suitable equipment APPROVED
for the job. It is important to avoid PDO personnel, or contractors applying their own
EARTHING by using pieces of wire etc. that are inadequate to prevent DANGER and could
cause serious damage if left on in error.
3. Approved Equipment for Use as LV Earths

3.1 Portable EARTHING devices or EARTHING leads that are to be used as LV EARTHS shall
be of such a size and design, so as to be capable in use of carrying the full rated short
circuit current if a LIVE circuit, was in error, closed onto them at the position where they had
been applied.

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3.2 The choice of the cross sectional size of the leads or conductors used in the construction of
such portable EARTHING devices, will depend on the short circuit levels of the PDO
electrical system on which they are to be used.
3.3 The portable EARTHING devices shall have leads and end clamps that can be connected
to all phase conductors and the EARTH bar, and for preference shall have a lead that can,
where necessary, be connected to the neutral conductor.
The selection of fittings, leads and end clamping arrangements will depend on the LV
APPARATUS on which the devices are to be used. Appendix A gives details.
4. Maintenance of LV Earthing Equipment

4.1 All portable EARTHING devices and EARTHING leads shall be examined immediately prior
to use to ensure they are in good condition.
[see ESR Rule 5.5.3.3 and Rule 5.5.2.1 (b) (iii)]
4.2 At three monthly intervals all portable LV EARTHING devices and leads shall be maintained
in accordance with the relevant SAP maintenance routines.
5. Application of LV Earthing Devices

5.1 ESR Rule 5.5.3 gives the procedures for applying LV EARTHS after the use of an
APPROVED LV testing device.
5.2 Any LV EARTH applied shall be recorded in the 'Other Precautions Section' of the relevant
ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK.
6. Applying LV Earths to Low Voltage Switchboards

6.1 ESR Rule 7.8.2 (f) and Rule 7.8.3 refer to LV EARTHS being applied on the DEAD
conductors of LV APPARATUS.
It is important to note that the application of all LV EARTHS shall be recorded on
ELECTRICAL PERMITS-TO-WORK in the 'Other Precautions Section', but that the Rules
do allow these LV EARTHS to be applied after the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT has
been issued.
The Rules allow for an LV switchboard unit, or busbar section to be made DEAD,
ISOLATED and SAFETY PADLOCKS attached and an ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK
issued to allow work before any LV EARTHS are applied.
However if it has been decided to apply LV EARTHS, then these shall be entered in the
'Other Precautions Section' of the ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK when the document is
issued.
6.2 To apply LV EARTHS to many types of LV switchboards installed in PDO, it is first
necessary to carry out the work of taking off metal covers to expose the conductors that are
to be EARTHED. This work shall be carried out under the ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-
WORK prior to the use of an APPROVED voltage testing device and the application of the
LV EARTH.
Only CESPs with sufficient training and experience shall be allowed to undertake the
careful removal of such covers, and the application of these LV EARTHS, under the direct
supervision of an AEP.
6.3 It is the duty of the AEP to check that these LV EARTHS are removed and all covers
replaced before accepting the signed 'Clearance Section' of the ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-
WORK from the CESP.
6.4 CMEs shall be applied on HV APPARATUS before an ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK is
issued and removed only when that document is cancelled.

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APPENDIX -A
APPROVED LV EARTHING DEVICES

The contents of this Appendix will depend on the LV EARTHING equipment already in use and the
future purchasing policies that PDO wish to adopt for such equipment .

MANUFACTURER: PFISTERER FOR USE WITH DIN TYPE
FUSE BASES
MODEL TYPE: 3-POLE EARTHING & e.g.
SHORT-CIRCUITING * HOLEC CAPITOLE 3/5
DEVICE * FEEDER PILLARS
MODEL NO.:
360 481 481
MANUFACTURER: PFISTERER FOR DIRECT BOLTING TO
EXISTING CONNECTIONS
MODEL TYPE: 3-POLE EARTHING & e.g.
SHORT-CIRCUITING * HOLEC CAPITOLE 10/E
CABLES
MODEL NO.: 364 641 016

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22. ESOP – 22
ESOP-22 LIVE LINE WORKING AND LIVE LINE WASHING PRACTICES
1. General
1.1 This PROCEDURE has been issued to provide guidelines for PDO personnel who are
required to become involved with LIVE LINE WORKING (LLW) activities, or those of LIVE
LINE WASHING (LL WASHING), in the course of their duties.
1.2 The CFDH-E has a responsibility to check that any Contractor approved by PDO for either
LLW or LL WASHING, has the necessary proven Procedures, the special equipment and
the trained staff to be able to carry out such work safely on PDO HV APPARATUS.
1.3 The ESR call for AEPs to ensure that Contractors who are employed to carry out either
LLW or LL WASHING, do it in accordance with the requirements of Sections 8.0 or 9.0 of
those Rules.
These Sections of Rules require the AEP, initiating the work, to carry out specific operations
and checks before allowing the Contractor to start, and to monitor the progress of the LIVE
LINE activities on site.
1.4 This ESOP contains Sections that outline internationally accepted LLW and LL WASHING
practices, while others give guidance on the precautions and details of equipment that shall
be contained in a Contractor's Procedures.
In addition, Sections are included that explain what to look for when such activities are
being carried out on site, and when Rules, other than those in ESR Sections 8.0 and 9.0,
apply to Contractor's personnel following their disconnection of HV APPARATUS using LLW
methods.
2. Objectives
2.1 To provide information for personnel assessing a Contractor's submitted LLW and LL
WASHING Procedures for PDO approval.
2.2 To provide guidance to AEPs initiating and observing Contractor's LLW and LL WASHING
Procedures on site.
2.3 To provide guidelines on the application of the ESR when LLW Procedures are carried out
on overhead lines, or in substations.
3. Live Line Working Practices

This Section contains both general and specific precautions that are internationally
accepted as desirable when LLW is undertaken on HV overhead lines. Contractors
undertaking LLW shall have a Section in their Procedures that contain most of these
precautions that shall be taken before, and during, the LIVE LINE WORKING.
These general items shall normally include the following:-
3.1 General Precautions to be observed for LLW
3.1.1 General
(i) No LLW shall be carried out except in accordance with proven Procedures.
(ii) Safety belts shall be worn by members of the Team working from an overhead line
support or structure.
(iii) Safety hats shall be worn at all times by members of the Team and any persons
working with them.

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(iv) Tinted safety spectacles shall be worn by all members of the Team unless it is
considered by the person in charge that vision would be restricted by these, due to
poor light. [See ESOP 24]
(v) LLW shall not be used if the line conductors have been jointed with mid-span joints,
other than approved compression joints (provided this does not exclude any
Procedure designed to replace such non-compression type joints).
(vi) LLW Procedures shall not be used which involve conductor displacement on wood
pole lines with an over-slung earth wire.
(vii) Wood poles erected beneath and into LIVE lines shall be shrouded at the top with a
suitable insulating shroud.
(viii) No equipment shall be fixed to a pole which is being erected into a LIVE line other
than the insulating shroud and the lifting equipment.
(ix) Where transformers are to be disconnected using LLW Procedures, prior ISOLATION
of the LV system shall take place to prevent any possibility of a back-feed, energising
the transformer during the LLW operation.
(x) Ensure that where under-slung aerial earth wires are installed, these are detached
from their fixing and lowered beneath the operating area and either secured to the
wood pole or pulled to one side.
(xi) Before climbing a wood pole, and after it has been sounded, test the pole-top
steelwork for leakage current. Should the pole steelwork be found to be LIVE, the
pole shall not be climbed.
(xii) LLW shall normally be restricted to dry weather conditions and shall not be permitted
in misty, foggy or thunder conditions. Work may continue in light rain at the
discretion of the person in charge, except in those Procedures in which insulating
ropes are used in close proximity to LIVE conductors. Where unfavourable weather
conditions occur during LLW, the work shall be suspended leaving the structure,
conductor and LLW Tools in a secure situation.
3.1.2 Precautions to Be Observed Before Work Starts

(i) Examine structures, fittings and conductors on either side of the point of work to
ensure that there is no damage or weakness.
(ii) Where it is applicable, ensure that auto-reclose features are locked off before work
commences.
(iii) Where practicable, remove the installed EARTH from a wood pole structure using
LLW Tools. The EARTH shall be removed from the full length of the pole. The under
slung earth wire shall be detached from its fixing on the pole, lowered beneath the
operating area and either secured to the wood pole, or moved to one side.
3.1.3 Precautions to be observed during Work

There shall be an OBSERVER on the site during the whole of the LLW Procedure who
shall ensure that Safe Working Clearances are maintained at all times and that the proven
Procedure is followed.
(i) All line supports climbed and worked from during an LLW Procedure shall be marked,
e.g. with a 'DANGER - LIVE CONDUCTORS' band, or suitable flag pennants in the
case of steel towers or structures.
(ii) No person shall allow any part of his body to pass beyond these Safe Working
Distance Markers, except when all conductors are securely held by LLW equipment,
at a safe distance from the support.
When dealing with wood pole constructions where the phase conductors are at
different levels, it is permissible to reposition the Safety Distance Markers when the
lowest conductor(s) have been removed, provided that any bonding between the
steelwork at different levels is cut and removed.
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(iii) Ensure adequate shrouding is used to prevent contact of conductors or wire binding
with the supporting steelwork.
(iv) For system voltages of 33kV and higher, a leakage monitoring device shall be
installed.
(v) When an LLW Tool is in contact with a LIVE conductor, it shall only be handled below
the appropriate Safe Handling Mark on the Tool.
(vi) Where conductors are displaced from their normal positions, Safe Working
Clearances between the conductors and the ground or other object(s) shall be
maintained.
(vii) Whilst moving conductors supported by LLW Tools, the operators shall at all times be
prepared to lock the Wire Tongs in their saddles should a dangerous situation
develop or arise.
(viii) When working after conductors have been removed to a safe distance, operators
shall take care to position themselves and the equipment to give maximum
clearance from the conductors.
(ix) No vehicle, or person, other than a member of the Team, shall be allowed in the near
vicinity of the point of work without the permission of the person in charge of the
Team.
(x) In the event of adverse weather conditions arising the work shall be made safe as
quickly as possible with the conductors either in their normal positions or securely
held by the LLW Tools. Work shall be suspended until the adverse weather
conditions have passed.
Before recommencing the LLW, the Tools shall be dried as necessary using clean
chamois leather. Electrical rubber gloves shall be worn for this operation.
3.2 Routine Care, Inspection and Electrical Testing of LLW Tools
3.2.1 General
Approved epoxy glass Tools for LLW shall be resistant to moisture absorption and have a
smooth, highly polished finish to prevent contamination. It is essential to keep the LLW
Tools in a clean and dry condition.
LLW Tools shall not be laid directly on the ground. They shall be kept in their carrying bags
or transport until they are required: alternatively they may be laid on a waterproof sheet or
on temporary supports above the ground.
LLW Tools shall be wiped clean before being passed up the structure for use, and again
before being stored. When the Tools are exposed to rain or any contamination they shall be
wiped dry and cleaned at the earliest opportunity.
3.2.2 Storage and Transport

LLW Tools shall not be stored in a dirty or damp condition and care shall be taken to guard
them against abrasion of the insulating surfaces.
Storage areas shall be dry and well ventilated. LLW Tools shall be transported in specially
designed vehicles and trailers in which the Tools are properly located and held firmly in
position. The Tool compartment shall be ventilated.
3.2.3 Inspection of LLW Tools on Site

All LLW Tools shall be inspected before and after use for any signs of damage to the Tool or
insulation. If there is any doubt about the condition of any Tool or part of any Tool it shall
not be used. The inspection shall include:-
(i) A check that the Tool is complete and working correctly.
(ii) An examination for signs of mechanical over-stressing indicated by the bending or
cracking of any part or parts, bent rivets or bolts and movement of ferrules.
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(iii) Checking the metalwork for loose bolts, rivets and damaged or worn parts.
Each Tool shall be stamped with a reference number and a safe working load, where this
applies. The Tools shall be subject to at least a six-monthly detailed examination .
3.2.4 Electrical Testing of LLW Tools

New epoxy glass LLW Tools shall withstand an electrical pressure test of 100kVDC per
300mm for a time of 1 minute. Any Tool with a measured leakage current greater than
0.03mA shall not be used for LLW.
For LLW Tools in service, this test shall be repeated at regular intervals, depending on the
frequency of use of the Tools.
In addition to the above tests, regular checks on the surface condition of the Tools shall be
carried out using a portable LIVE LINE TESTER.
3.3 Provision of Sufficient LLW Tools for LLW Procedures

Each LLW Procedure shall state the list of equipment and LLW Tools that are required for
that particular job. It is most important that the recommended numbers of each type of
LLW Tool required shall be clearly established.
For example, when moving a LIVE, non-tension conductor, there shall always be two Wire
Holding Sticks employed for controlling this operation and the Procedure shall state that two
are required.
3.4 LLW Team Numbers Required for Specific Procedures

In principle there shall be sufficient operators in a Team to carry out the LLW Procedure
above ground, a ground-crew member responsible for providing them with the equipment
as they require it, and an OBSERVER (who does not take part directly in the activity).
The OBSERVER's role being to ensure that the correct Procedure is followed, Safe
Working Clearances are maintained at all times, and in the event of an accident, be
available to give calm impartial advice to the LLW Team for the safe restoration of the
conductors on site.
3.5 Safe Working Clearances or Distances

The terms 'Safe Working Clearance', 'Safe Working Distance' and 'Safe Handling Distance'
are all to be found in many companies Procedures. Although they are used in this ESOP,
none of them are defined in the GLOSSARY Section 0.0 of the ESR.
In some instances the terms are used to refer to the distance that a mark shall be placed
(depending on the system voltage) on an LLW Tool to indicate the Safe Handling Distance.
Alternatively it is used to define the distance from a LIVE conductor in which no member of
an LLW Team shall bring any part of his body, clothing or Tool, except for an LLW Tool.
3.6 Illustration of LLW Procedures

A main feature of LLW Manuals is that the written Procedures are illustrated by
comprehensive step-by-step drawings. To ensure full understanding by all members of an
LLW Team, it is essential that written LLW Procedures are supported by such drawings.
In addition it is extremely difficult to properly assess LLW Procedures which are not
supported by detailed drawings.
4. Live Line Washing Practices

These are the simple, internationally accepted, principles and techniques of using portable
LL WASHING equipment to clean insulators on overhead line circuits and in substation
compounds.
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4.1 General
Portable washing equipment used for cleaning polluted insulators supporting LIVE HV
conductors, are dependent on three main factors that determine if the LL WASHING
Procedure can be used safely. These are:-
(i) Nozzle design, size and type.
(ii) Water pressure available at the nozzle.
(iii) The conductivity of the water to be used for the washing.
When considering these three factors it is important to be aware that the safety of the
person operating the portable washing equipment depends on:-
(iv) Avoiding large leakage currents in the water jet between the LIVE HV conductors and
the nozzle the operator is holding.
(v) Avoiding large leakage currents down the LIVE conductor's insulator stack which
could lead to an electrical flashover near to the operator .
4.2 Nozzle Design and Use

The nozzle used can be of several different designs, or size, but it shall be capable of
breaking up the water into droplets before the water jet comes into contact with an insulator
carrying a LIVE conductor.
Whatever type of nozzle is used for portable LL WASHING equipment, it shall be
effectively connected to EARTH to protect the operator.
4.3 Water Pressure at the Nozzle

This pressure obviously depends on the length of the jet of water required to effectively
wash a polluted insulator, whilst still allowing the operator to remain at a safe distance from
any LIVE HV conductor.
This safe distance depends on the clearance required from the LIVE conductors at a
particular system voltage, and the need to keep any leakage current, down the water jet to
the nozzle, under 1mA (the 'threshold of perception').
The design of the portable washing equipment shall allow for the maximum water pressure
that can be produced by its pump when fitted with a particular design, and size of nozzle,
and of course, the conductivity of the water being used.
4.4 Conductivity of Water Used for LL Washing

The mineral content of any water used for LL WASHING has a direct relationship to its
resistance, and therefore its properties for permitting leakage currents down the water jet.
Obviously the higher the water conductivity, the lower its resistance, which enables higher
leakage currents to flow, creating potential hazards for the operator of the portable LL
WASHING equipment.
A rise in the water's temperature increases its conductivity, so a close check is required
during the LL WASHING to ensure that it remains under the permitted level.
In sophisticated LL WASHING portable equipment, an automatic tripping of the water pump
occurs if the conductivity increases above a pre-determined level.
5. Contractor's LLW Procedures
5.1 What to Look for In Contractor's LLW Procedures
5.1.1 General
The ESR Section 8.0 (LLW) calls for selected Contractors to use only proven Procedures;
have adequately trained experienced staff and well maintained LLW Tools and equipment.
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Establishing all this before actually employing a Contractor to carry out a particular LLW job
can be difficult. However a study of his written Procedures should give a reasonable guide
to the methods he intends to use, and can indicate whether he has a professional, and safe
approach to such work.
The following guidelines are not exhaustive; however this Section does suggest the
information and technical detail which should be looked for in a Contractor's Procedures.
This study of his Procedures shall be followed by PDO personnel witnessing the LLW Team
in action, confirming the Team's operational discipline is good, and that the LLW Tools and
equipment they are using are suitable and well maintained.
5.1.2 General Precautions for LLW

Section 3.1 of this ESOP lists many of the accepted LLW practices normally found in LLW
Codes of Practice adopted by Power Utilities all over the world. It is unlikely that any
Contractor has all these practices listed in the Procedures that he gives to potential
customers, but it is a valuable guide to evaluating his written approach to LLW and for
subsequently assessing the performance of his Team in action.
5.1.3 Care and Inspection of LLW Tools
Section 3.2 of this ESOP gives a summary of the preferred methods that shall be adopted
by LLW Contractors to ensure that the Tools they use are kept in good condition. Check if
the Contractor has such written instructions on the transporting, care, inspection and
electrical testing of his LLW Tools.
Do his LLW Teams have such instructions, as their safety depends on their careful handling
and use of insulated LLW Tools?
Each LLW Procedure shall state the list of equipment and Tools that are required for that
particular job. It is most important that the recommended numbers of each type of LLW
Tool required shall be clearly established prior to 'approving' a Procedure.
For example, when moving a LIVE, non-tension conductor, there shall always be two Wire
Holding Sticks employed for controlling this operation and the Procedure shall state that two
are required.
5.1.4 LLW Team Numbers Required for Specific Procedures

It is imperative that there are sufficient LLW operators available for any given Procedure to
ensure the safety of the operators, plant and equipment. Each Contractor's Procedure shall
state the minimum number of staff required in the LLW Team.
In general, it is good practice to assign one operator for each Wire Tong of a pair i.e.
generally two operators.
A 'groundman' will be required to pass equipment to these two operators and secure
equipment as necessary. In addition to these three operators an OBSERVER shall be on
site to ensure Safe Working Distances are maintained and the Procedure is carried out
correctly.
The majority of Procedures for LLW on wood pole overhead HV lines require a minimum of
four Team members.
LLW Procedures for double circuit steel tower lines, usually require an additional Team
member on the ground, plus a further operator in the body of the tower. As a guide it is
probable that a minimum of six Team members would be needed for this type of Procedure.
5.1.5 Safe Working Clearances or Distances

Check the Contractor's Procedures to see if he calls for marks to be placed on the LLW
Tools indicating the Safe Handling Distance for the system voltage being worked on by the
Team.

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These marks shall be maintained on the Tools throughout the Procedure and shall be
placed at a distance not less than that called for in ESR Rule 8.2.2.
Additionally the Procedure shall give instructions to the Team to place 'safety markers'
indicating the Safe Working Distance into which no person shall bring any part of his body
etc. other than the LLW Tool he is using. This Distance shall be no less then that called for
in ESR Rule 8.3.10.
When Procedures are to take place in substations, it is most important that directions are
given to the Team to place 'safety markers' not only on the structure they are working on,
but also on those structures, supporting LIVE APPARATUS, in the near vicinity of the LLW
activity.
5.2 English Translation of LLW Procedures

PDO at present require all Contractors to submit their documents written in English. This
presents some LLW Contractors with certain problems, as a literal translation of some of
their instructions, terms and LLW jargon, contained in Procedures, are not always clear to
PDO personnel.
The ESR requires a Contractor's Supervisor to be both responsible for the safety of his LLW
Team and to ensure that any LLW they undertake is done in accordance with ESR Section
8.0. However when checking such a Contractor's Procedure it is important to establish
exactly what his Supervisor is given to understand by some of directions in the Procedure
that could call, for example, for him to carry out certain SWITCHING, or remove system
protection prior to certain work.
Additionally does the Contractor's Supervisor have a sufficient command of English to
understand Section 8.0 of the ESR and the instructions, and possibly queries that may be
presented to him by an AEP?
If the English translation is in places difficult to follow in a Procedure, it is important to
clarify the meaning of those sections of text before allowing the Procedure to be used in
PDO.
5.3 Stress Conditions of Conductors and Supports during LLW
5.3.1 General
Typical calculations are given in Appendix A so that it can be seen that LLW imposes
additional stresses on overhead line conductors and their supports, which in some
situations create hazards not always generally appreciated by engineers. It is not
necessary for PDO personnel to carry out such calculations for all Procedures submitted by
a Contractor, but only that they shall have sufficient technical appreciation and background
knowledge to query any specific Procedure that appears to impose unusual loads on
overhead line or substation APPARATUS.
5.3.2 Use of Wire Holding Tongs

It is accepted good practice to hold a LIVE conductor by using two Wire Holding Tongs so
as to ensure a firm grip. In some circumstances, however, conductors that are in
suspension may be supported with one Wire Holding Tong per conductor.
The maximum load that any LLW Tool will support depends largely on the geometry of the
structure, the type of LLW Tool and the conductor to be moved.
5.3.3 Apparent Weight of Conductors

It is most important to examine the conditions at each structure, where a conductor is to be
displaced, in order to ensure that the apparent conductor weight is within the safe working
load of the proposed LLW Tool arrangement. Appendix A refers.
5.3.4 Safe Working Loads for LLW Tools

Some typical safe working loads of LLW Tools and combinations are given in Appendix A.
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6. Contractor's Live Line Washing Procedures
6.1 What to Look for in Contractor's LL Washing Procedures
6.1.1 General
ESR Section 9.0 (LL WASHING) calls for selected Contractors to use only proven
Procedures, have adequately trained experienced staff and use well maintained portable
washing equipment. The Contractor's written Procedures shall give a reasonable guide to
the methods and equipment he intends to use, and indicates whether he has a professional
and safe approach to such work.
The following guidelines cannot cover all aspects of LL WASHING but this Section does
suggest what to look for in the technical detail of the portable washing equipment offered,
and the precautions that the Contractor states he will take while carrying out such washing
of HV insulators.
This study of the Contractor's Procedures shall be followed by PDO personnel witnessing
LL WASHING taking place so as to ensure the Contractor's personnel are using the
equipment in a safe manner, and are also not subjecting APPARATUS to unnecessary
hazards during the LL WASHING.
6.1.2 General Precautions for LL Washing

Section 4.1 of this ESOP lists the LL WASHING simple principles, and acceptable
techniques, for using portable LL WASHING equipment to clean both insulators on
overhead line circuits and those in substation compounds. ESR Section 9.0 calls for
specific precautions to be taken by the Contractor's Supervisor, when carrying out such
work, and for the AEP to ensure that he does so.
Check the Contractor's Procedures include directions that cover the requirements of the
following ESR Rule numbers:-
(i) Rule 9.3.3 Conductivity of water to be used and the installation of satisfactory
temporary EARTH electrodes.
(ii) Rule 9.3.4 Safe clearance distances for operator.
(iii) Rule 9.3.5 Warning of DANGER of high winds.
(iv) Rule 9.3.6 Only one phase to be washed at any time.
(v) Rule 9.3.7 Avoiding accidental washing of a conductor.
(vi) Rule 9.3.8 DANGER of lightning when LL WASHING.
(vii) Rule 9.3.9 Protective clothing required.
6.2 Portable LL Washing Equipment
6.2.1 Hose Nozzle

The nozzle for such equipment has to be such that it breaks up the jet of water into a spray,
or droplets, before it hits the insulator supporting the LIVE conductor. It is common practice
to change the size of nozzle on a portable washing equipment to suit the system voltage of
the conductors. The 'safety clearance distance' for the operator obviously needs to be
greater for higher voltages, so the jet of water has to be 'thrown' a greater distance, but still
has to provide a satisfactory 'break-up' of the jet.
Check that the Contractor's Procedures identifies both the 'safety clearance distance' for the
voltage of the system on which the LL WASHING is to be carried out, and also specifies the
nozzle size to be used for particular equipment.
It is essential that the hose nozzle is EARTHED to protect the operator if by accident
leakage current of any magnitude is carried down the jet of water to EARTH.

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ESR Rule 9.2.3 calls for the nozzle to be bonded to EARTH by a lead of not less than
70mm 2 copper equivalents. Possibly more important, ESR Rule 9.3.3 (second paragraph)
calls for the Contractor's Supervisor to install a temporary EARTH electrode when no fixed
EARTH plate is available for use (e.g. LL WASHING on wood pole overhead lines).
Check the Contractor's Procedures to see if there are directions for both installing an
adequate temporary electrode and for making a proper connection from it onto the hose
nozzle.
NB: Soil conditions often prevent the provision of low resistance earthing.
In such cases it is the Contractor's responsibility to ensure that the lowest possible
resistance-to-earth is achieved, so as to ensure safe working conditions for the crew.
6.3 Conductivity of the Water Used for LL Washing

Section 4.4 of this ESOP explains that rise in the water's temperature increases its
conductivity, so close checks are necessary, both before starting the LL WASHING, and
during the washing, as the day becomes hotter and the temperature of the water rises.
The Contractor's Procedures shall call for these checks to be carried out and for LL
WASHING to cease if the conductivity of the water increases to that stated in ESR Rule
9.3.3 or a lesser figure determined by the Contractor.
7. PDO ESR and Live Line Working Procedures
7.1 LLW Procedures - Initiation, Progress and Completion
7.1.1 General
ESR Section 8.0 - LIVE LINE WORKING contains Rules that call for LLW to be carried out
by selected Contractors using proven Procedures etc.
Also included in ESR Section 8.0, to assist PDO personnel who have to initiate and monitor
the progress of the LLW, are Rules which are based on accepted safety standards enabling
them to keep a 'watching brief' on the Contractor's LLW activities on HV APPARATUS.
These Rules, for example, give dimensions for 'Safe Handling Distance Markers' to be
maintained on LLW Tools, and the 'Safe Working Distances', to be observed by the LLW
Team members.
ESR Rule 8.3 calls for an AEP to initiate the LLW, to keep a watching brief on site during
the LLW activities, and finally, to inform the CP when the work is complete. It is important
to appreciate that this Rule assumes that all the work will be carried out in a continuous
operation, using LLW methods and LLW Tools, only by persons in a Contractor's LLW Team.
7.1.2 ESR Considerations for a Specific Type of LLW Procedure

Some Contractors' LLW Procedures call for the 'disconnection' of LIVE APPARATUS, such
as overhead line conductors, disconnectors (isolators) or pole mounted transformers, by
LLW methods, then to be followed by 'bare hand working'. This 'bare hand working' is to be
done when all exposed LIVE conductors are considered, by the Contractor, to be at a 'safe
distance' from the disconnected APPARATUS on which such work is to take place.
This type of Procedure is not effectively covered by ESR Section 8.0, as only the
'disconnection' of the APPARATUS by the LLW Team using LLW methods and LLW Tools is
catered for in those Rules.
Other Sections of the ESR have also to be considered when the 'LLW part' of such a
Procedure is followed by 'bare hand working'.
ESR Rule 5.3 calls for all work on HV APPARATUS to be carried out under an
ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK only after all the precautions in that Rule have been
taken. The final paragraph of ESR Rule 5.3 does however state that "any work on LIVE HV
conductors or insulators shall be carried out under the LIVE LINE WORKING Rules in
Section 8.0".
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The intention of the ESR is that all work shall be carried out safely, and in particular, when
work or access is necessary either on, or in the close vicinity of, LIVE HV conductors. It is
then necessary to decide where work under the LLW Rules ends and which Rules shall
apply for the 'bare hand working' that may follow.
7.2 Interpretation of the ESR for LLW Procedures

To assist AEPs in reaching a reasonable interpretation of the ESR for LLW Procedures that
may include, or may be followed, by 'bare hand working' the following guidelines shall be
used:-
7.2.1 LLW Procedures with No 'Bare Hand Working'

The Rules in ESR Section 8.0 shall apply if a Contractor's LLW Team carries out work on
HV APPARATUS using a proven LLW Procedure in a continuous operation using LLW
Tools. i.e. no 'bare hand working'.
7.2.2 LLW Procedures for Wood Pole Overhead Line Circuits

The Rules in ESR Section 8.0 and ESR Rule 5.6 shall apply if a Contractor's LLW Team
carries out work on a HV wood pole overhead line circuit using a proven LLW Procedure
and LLW Tools to displace LIVE conductors to a position where the requirements of ESR
Rule 5.6 can then be met. i.e. the SAFETY DISTANCE [ESR Rule 2.1.1] from any LIVE
conductor will allow safe 'bare hand working' of the disconnected APPARATUS on the pole
by the Contractor's LLW Team. If PDO personnel are then to be used to move, or work, on
the 'disconnected' piece of HV APPARATUS on the pole, then ESR Rule 7.5 shall apply and
a LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS shall be issued to the CEP in charge of the work.
7.2.3 LLW Procedures for Steel Tower Overhead Line Circuits

carries out work on one HV circuit on a steel tower double circuit overhead line using a
proven LLW Procedure and LLW Tools to displace LIVE conductors to a position where the
requirements of ESR Rule 5.6 can then be met.
Ie., the SAFETY DISTANCE [ESR Rule 2.1.1] from any LIVE conductor will allow safe 'bare
hand working' of the disconnected APPARATUS on the tower by the Contractor's LLW
Team.
7.2.4 LLW Procedures for Substations

carries out work in a HV substation using a proven LLW Procedure and LLW Tools to
displace LIVE conductors to a position where the requirements of ESR Rule 5.6 can then be
met.
I.e. the SAFETY DISTANCE [ESR Rule 2.1.1] from any LIVE conductor will allow safe 'bare
hand working' of the disconnected APPARATUS, in the substation, by members of the LLW
Team.
If PDO personnel are then to be used to move, or work, on the 'disconnected' piece of HV
APPARATUS in the substation, then ESR Rule 7.5 shall apply and a LIMITATION-OF-
ACCESS shall be issued to the CEP in charge of the work.
7.3 PDO AEPs Duties for LLW Procedures
7.3.1 Responsibility of the LLW Contractor's Supervisor

The Rules in ESR Section 8.0 are written so that the responsibility for a LLW Procedure is
placed on the Contractor's Supervisor. ESR Rule 8.1.4 states that he is responsible for the
safety of his LLW Team and for ensuring that the Procedure is carried out correctly and in
accordance with the Rules in ESR Section 8.0.
7.3.2 Authorised Electrical Person's Role for LLW Procedures Wood Pole Overhead Line Circuits
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ESR Rule 8.3.3 requires the AEP to issue a LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS to the Contractor's
Supervisor who is in charge of the LLW. ESR Rule 8.3.4 does allow the AEP to leave the
site of the LLW taking place on wood pole overhead lines, if he appoints a CEP to represent
him, with full authority to stop the work if he considers the Contractors are not working
safely, i.e. to the requirements of the proven Procedure and ESR Section 8.0
7.3.3 Authorised Electrical Person's Role for LLW Procedures Steel Tower Double Circuit
Overhead Lines and Substations
The third paragraph of ESR Rule 8.3.4 directs the AEP to remain on site if the LLW is to
take place in substations or on a circuit of a double circuit overhead tower line. This is
because these operational situations are very different to an LLW Procedure taking place
on a wood pole overhead line circuit, where the dangers from the circuit's LIVE conductors
are obvious, and where normally the pole to be climbed is well away from other LIVE
circuits.
Additionally LLW on a wood pole overhead line circuit is normally carried out in a situation
that has been created virtually 'earth-free', by the LLW Contractor who shall fit suitable
shrouding on the cross arm etc., whereas it is difficult to shroud all adjacent EARTHED
steelwork in a 132kV substation or on a steel tower overhead line.
ESR Rule 7.5 puts the responsibility on the AEP to carry out the requirements of that Rule.
E.g. identify the area in the substation where the work may be carried out safely and specify
how the SAFETY DISTANCES shall be maintained, etc. The intention of that Rule is that it
requires an AEP with the full knowledge of the substation's exposed LIVE HV conductor
layout etc.; and the full details of the work to be done, to decide how it can be carried out
safely to meet the full requirements of all relevant Rules.
When an LLW Procedure is to be carried out in a substation compound (or on a double
circuit overhead line), the AEP shall first discuss and agree with the Contractor's Supervisor
how the LLW Procedure will be carried out by the LLW Team, then issue him with a
LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS.
The AEP shall then remain on the site of the work and keep a 'watching brief' on the LLW.
If the LLW Procedure takes place in substation compounds, it is necessary to take into
account the requirements of ESR Rules 5.6 and 7.5. Any LLW Procedure to be used shall
at the least meet the intention of those requirements.
ESR Rule 8.2.2 requires that a Safe Handling Distance Marker of 1.7m shall be maintained
on all LLW tools and equipment to be used for 132kV LLW. However the practical problem
in substation compounds is in determining how any LLW Procedure ensures that the LLW
Safe Working Distance from all LIVE conductors (not just those the LLW Team are working
on) is established and maintained.
In brief, the AEP shall establish from the Contractor's Supervisor how the 'safe working
area' for the LLW Team members and the equipment they are using, is to be identified and
defined whilst the LLW is carried out.
7.3.4 Discharging Disconnected Apparatus to Earth In Substations Following LLW Procedures

When HV APPARATUS has been disconnected, in a substation, using a proven LLW
Procedure with LLW Tools it is prudent for the AEP to apply a portable EARTHING lead to
the disconnected piece of APPARATUS before allowing the 'bare hand working' to
commence.
This portable EARTHING lead shall be used to discharge the completely disconnected
APPARATUS to EARTH, but it does not need to remain connected to EARTH.
8. PDO ESR and Live Line Washing Procedures
8.1 LLW Procedures Initiation, Progress and Completion

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8.1.1 General
ESR Section 9.0 - LIVE LINE WASHING contains Rules that call for LL WASHING to be
carried out by selected Contractors using proven Procedures etc.
Also included in ESR Section 9.0, to assist PDO personnel who have to initiate and monitor
the progress of the work, are Rules based on accepted LL WASHING practices to enable
them to keep a 'watching brief' on the Contractor's LL WASHING activities on HV
APPARATUS.
These Rules, for example, call for a close check to be kept on the conductivity of the water
being used for the LL WASHING, the necessity for the hose nozzle to be effectively
EARTHED and for the water jet to be broken up into a spray, or droplets, before it hits the
insulator carrying an exposed LIVE conductor.
ESR Rule 9.3 calls for an AEP to initiate the LL WASHING, to keep a watching brief on site
during the LL WASHING activities, and finally, to inform the CP when the work is complete.
8.1.2 ESR Considerations for LL Washing Procedures

The Rules in ESR Section 9.0 are as comprehensive as is practicable, but no 'safety
clearance distances' are included and ESR Rule 9.3.4 lists the variables that have to be
taken into account when 'positioning' the LL WASHING operator.
The intention of the ESR is that all work shall be carried out safely when access is required
to carry out LL WASHING in the close vicinity of exposed LIVE HV conductors. However if
the Rules in ESR Section 9.0 are followed by the Contractor's Supervisor, in agreement
with the AEP it should not be necessary to consult other Sections of the Rules.
8.2 Application of the ESR for LL Washing Procedures

To assist AEPs who has to monitor LL WASHING Procedures the following guidelines may
be of some help.
8.2.1 LL Washing Team's Equipment

When looking at the Rules in ESR Section 9.0, in relation to the internationally accepted
principles for LL WASHING equipment [see Section 4.0 of this ESOP], it is clear that the
relevant points are covered.
ESR Rule 9.2.2 covers the selection of nozzle size and design of the equipment to be
provided, and ESR Rules 9.2.3 and 9.3.3 call for the nozzle to be effectively EARTHED.
The second paragraph of ESR Rule 9.3.3 calls for the Contractor's Supervisor to provide a
temporary EARTH electrode, where necessary, and to check it is installed so that its
resistance to EARTH provides adequate protection for the hose operator.
The water pressure at the nozzle cannot be specified in the Rules as it will depend on the
portable equipment to be used. ESR Rule 9.2.2 calls for the water to be in 'a spray' before
reaching the insulator, which effectively means that the water shall be at no greater
pressure than to meet that requirement. Finally the ESR Rule 9.3.3 calls for the water
conductivity to be less than 400mS/cm and calls attention to the DANGER of a rise in
temperature affecting the conductivity of the water.
ESR Rule 9.2.1 calls for monitoring devices to be on site to enable the water conductivity to
be checked, before and during the LL WASHING.
If the Contractor's Supervisor can satisfy the AEP that his portable washing equipment can
meet all these requirements, then the Team should be able to carry out LL WASHING in a
satisfactory manner working to their proven Procedure and the Rules in ESR Section 9.0.
8.2.2 LL Washing Procedures for Overhead Lines

The Rules in ESR Section 9.0 apply if a Contractor's LL WASHING Team carries out
insulator washing on an HV wood pole overhead line circuit using a proven LL WASHING
Procedure and LL WASHING equipment. The operator shall be told to position himself at a
safe distance from LIVE conductors and particularly to observe ESR Rules 9.3.4, 9.3.5,
9.3.6 and 9.3.7.
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The Rules in ESR Section 9.0 equally apply if a Contractor's LL WASHING Team carries
out insulator washing on an HV circuit on a steel tower double circuit overhead line using a
proven LL WASHING Procedure and taking care when positioning himself to allow for the
LIVE conductors of the other circuit and the direction of the wind. The operator shall be told
to take extra care to position himself at a safe distance from all LIVE conductors on the
tower and particularly to observe ESR Rules 9.3.4, 9.3.5, 9.3.6 and 9.3.7.
8.2.3 LL Washing Procedures for Substations

The Rules in ESR Section 9.0 apply if a Contractor's LL WASHING Team carries out
insulator washing in a HV substation using a proven LL WASHING Procedure. The
operator shall be told to take extra care to position himself at a safe distance from all LIVE
conductors in the substation and particularly to observe ESR Rules 9.3.4, 9.3.5, 9.3.6 and
9.3.7.
In addition ESR Rule 7.5 shall be taken into account by the AEP if the LL WASHING
equipment has to be stationed inside the substation compound while the insulator washing
is carried out.
The operator shall be told if there is specific APPARATUS in the substation, on the
overhead line terminal poles or structures that shall not have water sprayed upon it.
8.2.4 PDO Authorised Electrical Persons Duties Prior and During LL Washing Procedures
The Rules in ESR Section 9.0 are written so that the responsibility for an LL WASHING
Procedure is placed on the Contractor's Supervisor. ESR Rule 9.1.4 states that he is
responsible for the safety of his LL WASHING Team and for ensuring that the Procedure is
carried out correctly and in accordance with the Rules in ESR Section 9.0.
ESR Rule 9.3.2 requires the AEP to issue a LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS to the Contractor's
Supervisor who is in charge of the LL WASHING. ESR Rule 9.3.2 does allow the AEP to
leave the site of the LL WASHING taking place on wood pole overhead lines, if he appoints
a CEP (this person can be the LLWashing crew leader) to represent him, with full authority
to stop the work if he considers the Contractors are not working safely.
i.e. to the requirements of the proven Procedure and ESR Section 9.0.
The AEP shall satisfy himself before leaving the site that the guidelines in Sections 8.1 and
8.2 of this ESOP are being followed by the Contractor's LL WASHING Team.
The fourth paragraph of ESR Rule 9.3.2 directs the AEP to remain on site if the LL
WASHING is to take place in substations or on one circuit of a double circuit overhead
tower line.
This is because these operational situations are very different to an LL WASHING
Procedure taking place on a wood pole overhead line circuit, where the dangers from the
circuit's LIVE conductors are obvious. The AEP shall remain on the site of the insulator
washing and keep a 'watching brief' on the LL WASHING Procedure being satisfied that the
guidelines in Sections 8.1 and 8.2 of this ESOP are being followed.
APPENDIX A
APPARENT WEIGHT OF CONDUCTORS

i) At an intermediate position, providing the conductors have no declination on the working
structure, the apparent weight of the conductor is a function of the unit weight of the conductors
and half the sum of the span lengths of either side of the pole.
W £ ½*m*(S1 + S2) [kg], where
W is the apparent conductor weight in [kg]
m is the specific conductor weight in [kg/m]
S1 & S2 are the span lengths on either side in [m]
ii) When moving the conductor upwards during LLW the apparent conductor weight is increased. In
order to introduce a safety factor to cover this, the total weight of the sum of the two spans either
side of the structure is normally allowed.

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Therefore various conductor weights can be derived from the expression:-

W = m*(S1 + S2) [kg]
iii)If there is a declination of the line at the working structure the apparent conductor weight can be
considerably increased by the tension in the conductors at this position.
W £ m*(S1 +S2) + T*[sin(a) + sin(b)] [kg], where
T is the conductor tension in [kg]
a and b are the angles of declination on each side of the structure
(negative values are valid for positions of positive inclination. i.e. uplift)
SAFE WORKING LOADS FOR LLW TOOLS

Typical safe working loads of LLW Tools and combinations currently in use are as follows:-
i) Safe Working Loads for Wire Holding Tongs
39mm dia. Tong: 550Nm (55kgm) in Cantilever; 770kg in Tension.
64mm dia. Tong: 2050Nm (205kgm) in Cantilever; 1150kg in Tension.
Typical safe operating conditions for these Tools (normally used in pairs) are that a
64mm * 3m Wire Tong used as a lifting tong with a 39mm * 2.4m Wire Tong used as a holding tong,
both attached with saddles, will move a vertical load of 100kg.
If the rig is strengthened with a rope block attached to a Wire Tong band 750mm down the 64mm
Tong, the permissible load will be increased to 2l5kg.
If the saddles are replaced with Lever Lifts the permissible load with the rope blocks will be increased
to 270kg.
ii) Safe Working Loads (SWF) for Other LLW Tools

SWF SWF
TOOL TOOL
[kg] [kg]
Wire Tong Saddle Lever lift on Wire Tong
Wire Tong Saddle with 5 Link stick 32mm dia. (strain)
extensions
68 Link stick 39mm dia. (strain)
Rope snubbing bracket 0
Link stick 32mm dia. (roller)
Lever lift two Wire Tongs
iii) Rope Blocks

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When using rope blocks attached to a Wire Tong pole saddle shackle, the load to be applied to the
saddle shall include the loading in the fall rope.

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ESOP – 23
ESOP-23 IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH OR LOW VOLTAGE
SWITCHGEAR SUBJECT TO AN OPERATIONAL
RESTRICTION
1. Objectives
1.1 This ESOP has been issued to ensure that any unit of HV or LV switchgear (or any other
electrical APPARATUS), which may be subject to a PDO operational restriction, is readily
identifiable to any person before he attempts to carry out any operations on such units.
1.2 Any units subject to an operational restriction are only operated in such a way that does not
place personnel in DANGER or present a hazard to APPARATUS.
2. PDO Policy
2.1 The CFDH-E shall issue a specific ELECTRICAL SAFETY OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE
(ESOP 'S' category) for any type of HV or LV switchgear (or any other electrical
APPARATUS) when it is known from PDO operating experience, information received from
SIPM, other Shell Operating Companies, Consultants or manufacturers that such units may
place in DANGER personnel carrying out operations on them.
2.2 The ESOP shall state the operational restriction that shall apply to the units affected and
may call for certain operations on them to be conducted in a specific manner (eg., closing
of a circuit breaker from a remote position only).
2.3 A Plant Restriction marker label shall be fitted to all units of switchgear which are subject to
any type of PDO operational restriction imposed by the CFDH-E.
This marker label used to identify a switch (or any other APPARATUS) subject to an
operational restriction shall be a yellow square, self adhesive and have the words "PLANT
RESTRICTION" printed on it. [see Appendix A]
2.4 The Plant Restriction marker label shall only be used in accordance with this ESOP.
3. Action Required on PDO Sites

3.1 Following the issue of an ESOP imposing an operational restriction on specified units of
switchgear (or any other electrical APPARATUS), the Plant Restriction marker label shall be
fixed in a prominent position on all the units of that type. It shall be clearly visible to
anyone intending to operate the switchgear unit.
3.2 The Plant Restriction marker label shall be used only on switchgear (or other electrical
APPARATUS) which is the subject of an operational restriction imposed by an ESOP, or
preliminary warning instruction, such as a telex or an ESB originating only from the CFDH-
E.
The Plant Restriction marker label shall not be used for any other purpose.
3.3 Care must be taken when fitting the marker label to ensure that the surface, upon which the
label will be fixed, is clean and free from oily substances. To ensure a good fixing, the
surface should first be wiped over with a de-greasing agent, e.g. methylated spirits.
4. Operation of Units Subject to an Operational Restriction

4.1 Prior to operating any PDO HV or LV switchgear unit the person who is to carry out
operations on it shall check if a Plant Restriction marker label is fixed to the unit.
If such a marker label is fitted, no operations shall take place until that person has read the
ESOP imposing the operational restriction and checked that he can operate the unit in
accordance with the precautions, or additional operating procedures, called for in that
ESOP.

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5. Removal Of A PDO Operational Restriction

5.1 Plant Restriction marker labels shall only be removed from APPARATUS when the CFDH-E
revises and reissues the relevant ESOP ('S' category) that called for the operational
restriction to be imposed. The revised ESOP shall state what modifications to the
APPARATUS, special checks, or other course of action is necessary before the operational
restriction can be lifted and the marker label removed.
APPENDIX- A

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PLANT RESTRICTION MARKER LABEL
PLANT
RESTRICTION
Refer to ESOP _____________
Black letters on a Yellow background

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23. ESOP – 23/S1

ESOP-23/S1 OPERATIONAL RESTRICTION ON HOLEC CAPITOLE 3 AND
3N LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHBOARDS
1. Background to Restriction
An Electrical Technician suffered an accident while he was replacing a fuse on a 415V
switchboard of this type. While he was inserting the fuse, back into the switchboard, one
end of it accidentally touched a second LIVE phase or EARTH, resulting in a flashover
which caused the injuries. Fuses on this type of switchboard are fitted on the LIVE side of
the isolator.
In the design followed for Starter feeders, the draw out type starter feeders rated 5.5kW &
less; do not have an isolator in the individual feeders. Isolation of power is presently done
by withdrawing the modules. This type of switchboards is presently in operation in Qaharir
and other Marmul area Gathering Stations.
There may be some isolated cases where the contacts of the contactor are welded and the
module is attempted to be withdrawn under these circumstances. This may cause a safety
hazard and accident.
The following operational restriction shall apply until this ESOP is replaced or cancelled by
the CFDH-E.
2. Operational Restriction
WHEN FUSES ARE REMOVED OR REPLACED ON HOLEC CAPITOLE 3 & 3N LV
SWITCHBOARDS THE ADDITIONAL PROCEDURES AND PRECAUTIONS DETAILED
BELOW SHALL BE FOLLOWED:-
2.1 THE SWITCHING OPERATIONS SHALL BE CARRIED OUT BY A CESP WHO SHALL
BE ACCOMPANIED BY A CEP.
2.2 THE CESP SHALL WEAR APPROVED ELECTRICAL RUBBER GLOVES.
[see ESOP 24]
2.4 THE CEP SHALL WEAR AN ULTRAVIOLET PROTECTION FACE SHIELD AND INFRA-
RED PROTECTING GLASSES. [see ESOP 24]
2.5 THE CESP SHALL USE A SUITABLE FUSE EXTRACTOR FOR THESE SWITCHING
OPERATIONS.
Note: This restriction applies unless the SWITCHING operations are to be carried out on
a Holec Capitole 3 or 3N switchboard unit that has been made DEAD, or the fuses
to be removed or replaced have been made DEAD and there are no exposed
LIVE conductors adjacent to the fuse bases.
2.6 For proper & safe isolation of STARTER modules (RATED BELOW 5.5KW), the following
steps shall have to be adhered to. All other applicable
PERSONNEL PROTECTION RESTRICTIONS, PRESCRIBED IN OTHER SOPS, SHALL

ALSO BE FOLLOWED.
· OPEN THE CONTACTOR BY PRESSING MCC DOOR MOUNTED
STOP/OPEN PUSH BUTTONS.
· CHECK PHYSICALLY IF THE MOTOR HAS STOPPED. THIS ENSURES THAT
THE CONTACTOR HAS OPENED IT’S CONTACTS.

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· OPEN THE SWITCH FOR CONTROL CIRCUIT ISOLATION.

· OPEN THE MODULE DOORS.
· AS PER THE DESIGN, AS SOON AS THE MODULE DOOR IS OPENED, THE
MODULE GETS ISOLATED AND THE POWER CONTACTS GET
DISCONNECTED.
· THEN REMOVE THE FUSES.
3. Requirements Of ESOP 23
3.1 ESOP 23 paragraph 3.0 calls for a 'Plant Restriction' marker label to be fixed in a prominent
position on all Holec Capitole 3 & 3N switchboards of this type.
3.2 ESOP 23 paragraph 4.0 requires all 'electrical personnel', before undertaking any
SWITCHING operations on a unit of plant that has a 'Plant Restriction' marker label fixed to
it, to first read the relevant category 'S' ESOP, detailing the operational restriction that
applies, and check that they can operate the unit in accordance with the precautions called
for in that special ESOP.

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24. ESOP – 24
ESOP-24 PROVISION OF MISCELLANEOUS SAFETY EQUIPMENT
FOR OPERATIONAL PURPOSES
1. Objectives
1.1 To ensure that suitable and APPROVED safety equipment is available for use when
SWITCHING, work or testing is carried out on HV and LV APPARATUS on PDO sites.
1.2 To ensure that reasonable inspections are carried out on such miscellaneous safety
equipment to meet the requirements of Petroleum Development Oman LLC, Shell Safety
Recommendations and any statutory legislation applicable in the Sultanate of Oman.
2. Purpose of the ESOP

2.1 To detail the miscellaneous safety equipment that PDO will provide for use in both HV and
LV substations.
3. Relevant Requirements of the ESR

3.1 ESR Rule 5.4.3 calls for the use of APPROVED equipment to be used when carrying out
testing or adjustments on LIVE LV APPARATUS.
3.2 ESR Appendices B, C, D & E give details of the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS that
shall be provided by PDO.
4. Provision of Safety Equipment Called for by other ESOP

4.1 ESOP 2 gives details of SAFETY PADLOCKS and the KEY SAFES that shall be provided
at PDO sites.
4.2 ESOP 5 gives details of the APPROVED voltage testing devices that shall be used.
4.3 ESOP 6 gives details of portable EARTHING leads and operating rods for applying them.
4.4 ESOP 10 gives details of cable identification and spiking equipment that shall be used.
4.5 ESOP 12 calls for CAUTION, DANGER and EARTHED NOTICES to be provided in
substations in accordance with ESR Appendix A.
ESOP 12 calls for all major substations containing oil filled switchgear to be provided with a
fire proof blanket.
4.6 ESOP 23 gives details of Plant Restriction marker labels that shall be fixed to switchgear
that is subject to a PDO operational restriction.
5. Provision and Inspection of Approved Insulated Tools

5.1 Insulated tools for live line working shall conform to the following standards:
· IEC 6832 Insulating poles (insulating sticks) and universal tool attachments (fittings)
for live working
· IEC 6900 Hand tools for live working up to 1000Vac and 1500Vdc
5.2 Insulated tools shall be inspected conform the above standards, but at least on a yearly
basis to ensure that they have not been damaged or misused.
Unless a tool is badly damaged, or the insulation has been deliberately 'cut back',
there should be no need to subject these insulated tools to further electrical tests
during their lifetime.

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6. Provision, Storage and Testing of Approved Electrical Rubber Gloves

6.1 Electrical rubber gloves shall conform to and be maintained and re-tested to:
· BS 697 Specification for Rubber Gloves for Electrical Purposes.
Each pair of gloves shall be supplied with a Test Certificate.
6.2 LV gloves for use up to 1000V shall be provided for testing or adjustment purposes on, or in
the near vicinity, of LIVE LV conductors. [see ESR Appendix A]
HV gloves for use when operating in accordance with ESR Rule 5.2.1.5 shall be provided.
[see ESR Appendix A]
6.3 Each pair of gloves shall be kept unfolded in a plastic bag containing talc. The plastic bag
may in turn be kept in a suitable box or container to ensure that the gloves are not exposed
to mechanical or chemical damage.
Gloves shall be kept dry, free of grease, oil and shall not be exposed to unnecessary heat
o o
or light. Storage temperatures for preference shall be from 10 C to 21 C.
6.4 Gloves which become soiled shall be thoroughly washed with soap and water, dried and
then dusted with talc. Do not use petroleum based solvents for cleaning dirty gloves.
6.5 Immediately before use, each pair of gloves shall be examined for flaws or defects. If
either of the gloves appears to be unduly worn or damaged in any way, the pair shall be
immediately withdrawn from service.
6.6 Gloves regularly used shall be taken out of service six clear calendar months after their last
certification date. The gloves shall then be sent for re-testing.
Gloves used infrequently, or stored for emergency use only, shall be sent for re-testing
twelve clear calendar months after their last certification date.
6.7 A register recording the issue and re-testing shall be kept at all PDO sites or at a PDO Area
Office.
7. Provision of Eye Protection for Use When Switching

7.1 Where operating instructions have been issued calling for eye protection to be worn when
carrying out specific SWITCHING on LV switchboards, the following equipment shall be
provided:
· Safety Spectacles for Infra Red Protection
· Visors and Brow guards for Ultra Violet Light Protection
Both items shall comply with the following standard:
· BS 2092 Specification for eye-protectors for industrial and non-industrial uses
8. Flexible Leads for Use with Portable Voltage Operated Instruments

Paragraphs 8.1 & 8.2 of this ESOP take into account the UK HSE Guidance Note GS 38
'Electrical Test Equipment for use by Electricians'.
8.1 Permanently Attached Leads

These guidelines shall be used when purchasing instruments fitted with permanently
attached leads.
8.1.1 This type of lead is permanently attached to instruments such as clip-on wattmeter, phase
rotation indicators and test lamps [i.e. voltage testing devices] where the fused leads are
terminated inside the instrument.
8.1.2 These leads shall be fitted with an insulated fused holder having an attached insulated test
prod or insulated terminal clip. The holder shall have a finger shield fitted to safeguard the
user from making accidental contact with LIVE metal. The test prod must be insulated and
have a minimum of exposed metal at the tip.
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8.1.3 Where not more than two fused leads are required for any one instrument the insulated
holders shall be fitted with insulated test prods. Where three leads are required, e.g. phase
rotation indicators, two fused leads shall be provided with insulated test prods and the third
with an insulated crocodile clip. The crocodile clip shall be enclosed within a silicone rubber
or similar suitable sheath so as to expose a minimum of metal.
For normal single or twin fuse lead connections, crocodile clip terminations shall not be
used.
8.2 Temporarily Attached Leads

Existing instruments using 'temporarily attached leads' shall be fitted with leads conforming
to those specified below.
8.2.1 This type of flexible lead is temporarily connected to instruments such as voltmeters where
the fused leads are fitted to terminals mounted on the instrument case.
8.2.2 The instrument termination for this type of lead shall be a hook-type spade terminal with
brass cable grip extensions, or insulated push-in connectors. The cable grip extensions will
be fully insulated and adequately clamped to the flexible cables.
8.2.3 The leads shall be fitted with an insulated fused holder similar to that for permanently
attached leads. The holder shall be fitted with an insulated test prod.
Note: The attached sketch in Appendix-A gives illustrations of some types of 'temporarily
attached leads'.
8.3 Fuses for Flexible Leads

These design specifications for fuses in flexible leads are based on an Electricity Council
Chief Engineers Conference Recommendation. UK manufacturers of such leads are
normally well aware of these requirements.
8.3.1 Each fuse fitted in a flexible lead shall have a current rating not exceeding 1.0A and an
internal resistance of less than 5W and a breaking capacity adequate for a prospective fault
current of 46kA at 600V ac and 33kA at 600V dc. When a fused test prod is carrying a
continuous current of 0.5A, the maximum temperature rise of any component part shall not
o
exceed 40 C.
APPENDIX A – FUSED FLEXIBLE TEST LEADS FOR PORTABLE INSTRUMENT

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25. ESOP – 25
ESOP-25 PREPARATION, ISSUE, CLEARANCE, CANCELLATION AND
RETENTION OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS
1. General
1.1 This ESOP is issued to provide simple basic guidelines for SAEPs and AEPs who have to
prepare, issue and cancel ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS as part of their
operational duties.
1.2 The ESR defines ELECTRICAL PERMITS-TO-WORK, SANCTIONS-FOR-TEST,
LIMITATIONS-OF-ACCESS and ELECTRICAL ISOLATION/DE-ISOLATION
CERTIFICATES as ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS.
[see ESR Rule 2.1.2]
1.3 ELECTRICAL PERMITS-TO-WORK are normally only for use on HV APPARATUS and
shall be prepared, issued and cancelled by SAEPs or AEPs.
1.4 SANCTIONS-FOR-TEST are for use on HV APPARATUS and shall be prepared, issued and
cancelled only by SAEPs.
1.5 LIMITATIONS-OF-ACCESS are for use when access is required to carry out work or
inspections in the vicinity of LIVE HV APPARATUS and shall be prepared, issued and
cancelled by SAEPs or AEPs.
A LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS is issued for this purpose when verbal instructions are not
considered sufficient, or when a specific Rule calls for one to be issued (e.g. LLW
activities).
1.6 LIMITATIONS-OF-ACCESS are also issued when access is required to carry out work or
inspections in the vicinity of LIVE LV and shall be prepared, issued and cancelled by SAEPs
or AEPs.
A LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS is issued for this purpose when verbal instructions are not
considered sufficient.
1.7 LIMITATIONS-OF-ACCESS are also issued to allow work on ISOLATED LV APPARATUS
when verbal instructions are not considered sufficient.
Note: ELECTRICAL ISOLATION/DE-ISOLATION CERTIFICATES are not included in
this ESOP as other documents call for their issue, etc., by the Custodian for his
equipment.
2. Use of Electrical Safety Documents

2.1 PDO ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS are prepared in a book form, pre-numbered,
with a top sheet [white] and two copies [blue and pink] immediately underneath. Special
paper has been used so that details entered on the top sheet will be reproduced on both the
copies beneath without the use of carbon paper. Provision has been made so that both
white and blue copies can be easily 'removed' from the books.
2.2 When the SAEP or AEP has completed the Issue Section of the ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DOCUMENT and is satisfied that the recipient has afterwards correctly completed the
Receipt Section, the top sheet shall be removed and given to the recipient, who shall retain
it until he has completed the work, or testing, and is ready to sign the Clearance Section.
2.3 The SAEP or AEP) issuing the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT shall record the time
and date of its issue on the relevant SWITCHING PROGRAMME.
2.4 The blue copy of the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT shall be left in the book unless
the SAEP or AEP requires the copy for putting in the local Control Room for information
purposes.
2.5 The pink copy of the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT shall be left in the book.
Version 10.0
2.6 When the recipient is ready to sign the Clearance Section of the ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DOCUMENT, the SAEP or AEP shall place the top white copy on top of the copies still
retained in the book. The recipient shall then complete the Clearance Section and the
SAEP or AEP shall then complete the Cancellation Section of the document.
2.7 The SAEP or AEP cancelling the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT shall record the date
and time of its cancellation in the site electrical log book or on the relevant SWITCHING
PROGRAMME.
2.8 The SAEP or AEP cancelling the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT shall then remove all
the copies of that ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT from the book, staple them both
together and place them in the appropriate file [see note] in the PDO site storage system.
Note: Each type of cancelled ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT i.e. ELECTRICAL
PERMITS-TO-WORK, SANCTIONS-FOR-TEST and LIMITATIONS-OF-ACCESS
shall each have a separate storage file provided for their secure retention on site.
3. Preparation of Electrical Safety Documents

3.1 All entries on an ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT shall be clearly hand 'printed' in ink.
Some handwriting is difficult to read and could be misread by the recipient, or one of his
WORKING PARTIES.
3.2 Full entries shall be made against all statements on an ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DOCUMENT. For example, when an ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK is issued on a
132/33kV Transformer:-
POINTS AT WHICH THE APPARATUS HAS BEEN ISOLATED AND WHERE CAUTION
NOTICES HAVE BEEN POSTED:
· ISOLATOR A114
· 33kV C.B. C180 WITHDRAWN FROM SERVICE POSITION
· SPOUT SHUTTERS OF RACKED-OUT VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
DANGER NOTICES ATTACHED AT:
· BUSBAR SPOUT SHUTTERS OF 33kV C.B. C180
· STRUCTURE ADJACENT TO LIVE SIDE OF ISOLATOR A114
CMEs APPLIED AT:
· CONDUCTORS ON TRANSFORMER SIDE OF ISOLATOR A114
· 33kV C.B. C180 CLOSED TO EARTH IN FEEDER SPOUTS

3.3 If a statement on the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT does not apply, print 'NONE'.
3.4 Where the ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENT calls for one statement to be deleted,
always cross out the one that does not apply.
3.5 'Ditto' signs, denoting the text is the same as the line above, shall not be used on
ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS.
3.6 Always record the number of sets of AEs issued to the recipient of an ELECTRICAL
PERMIT-TO-WORK or SANCTION-FOR-TEST.
3.7 Be careful to record on an ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK or SANCTION-FOR-TEST
the name of the CP who is agreeing to the issue or cancellation of the document.
3.8 Always check that the entry details on the top sheet of the ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DOCUMENT are clearly reproduced on the two copies beneath.
3.9 The LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS can be issued for a variety of work purposes, or access
requirements [see 1.5, 1.6 & 1.7 of this ESOP], within the scope of the PDO ESR. It is
important that the SAEP or AEP, when hand printing the entries, makes very clear the
purpose, and limits, of the work or access that is allowed under the LIMITATION-OF-
ACCESS they are issuing.

Version 10.0
4. Issue of Electrical Safety Documents
4.1 Electrical Permits-to-Work

4.1.1 After the recipient has read the ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK to the SAEP or AEP, it is
important to check that he clearly understands the written entries and what work he is to
carry out.
4.1.2 The SAEP or AEP shall impress on the recipient that he shall tell all persons working with
him, under this ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK, exactly what work is to be carried out
and the limits and extent of that work.
4.1.3 Make sure the recipient checks and counts the number of AEs he is issued with, for work on
overhead lines, under the ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK.
4.1.4 Finally before the recipient signs the ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK it is good operational
practice for the SAEP or AEP to demonstrate to the CEP that 'safe working conditions exist'.
The recipient shall at the site of the work, be shown the precautions that have been taken
including the 'locked off' ISOLATION points with SAFETY PADLOCKS, KEY SAFES,
CAUTION, DANGER & EARTHED NOTICES and the position of the CMEs and any LV
EARTHS. Where it is practicable the SAEP or AEP shall touch the EARTHED conductors of
the APPARATUS to show it is safe to work on under this ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK.
4.2 Sanctions-for-Test
4.2.1 After the recipient has read the SANCTION-FOR-TEST to the SAEP it is important to check
that he clearly understands the written entries. Check he knows which CMEs he may
remove when carrying out the testing required by the SANCTION-FOR-TEST and that he
understands that under no circumstances shall he reconnect the ISOLATED APPARATUS
to the electrical system under the SANCTION-FOR-TEST.
4.2.2 Make sure the recipient checks and counts the number of AEs he is issued with, if he
requires any under the SANCTION-FOR-TEST.
4.2.3 The SAEP shall impress on the recipient that he shall tell all persons testing with him, under
this SANCTION-FOR-TEST, exactly the testing which is to be carried out and the limits and
extent of the testing.
4.2.4 Finally before the recipient signs the SANCTION-FOR-TEST it is good operational practice
for the SAEP to demonstrate to the recipient (the AEP) that 'safe testing conditions exist'.
4.2.5 The recipient shall at the site of the work be shown the precautions that have been taken
including the 'locked off' ISOLATION points with SAFETY PADLOCKS, KEY SAFES,
CAUTION, DANGER & EARTHED NOTICES and the position of the CMEs. Where it is
practicable the SAEP shall touch the EARTHED conductors of the APPARATUS to show it
is safe to test under this SANCTION-FOR-TEST.
4.3 Limitations-of-Access
4.3.1 After the recipient has read the LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS to the SAEP or AEP, it is
important to check that he clearly understands what work or access is allowed.
4.3.2 The SAEP or AEP shall impress on the recipient that he shall tell all persons working with
him, under this LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS, exactly what work is to be carried out and the
limits and extent of the work, or access allowed.
5. Cancellation of Electrical Safety Documents

5.1 Electrical Permits-to-Work
5.1.1 It is important that when cancelling ELECTRICAL PERMITS-TO-WORK that the SAEP or
AEP checks the 'Clearance Section' has been completed by the recipient, to establish if the
work is complete and the APPARATUS is in the condition he expects it to be.

Version 10.0
5.1.2 The SAEP or AEP shall always check that all AEs have been 'taken off' and the number of
sets returned by the recipient agrees with the number shown as having being issued on the
ELECTRICAL PERMIT-TO-WORK.
5.1.3 The SAEP or AEP shall make a visual check to see if the work has been completed on the
APPARATUS and that it is in a satisfactory condition to be restored to service.
5.2 Sanctions-for-Test
5.2.1 It is most important that when cancelling SANCTIONS-FOR-TEST that the SAEP checks
the 'Clearance Section' has been completed by the recipient, to establish if the testing is
complete and the APPARATUS is in the operational condition he expects it to be. In
particular, have all the CMEs been re-applied following the testing?
5.2.2 The SAEP shall always check that all AEs have been 'taken off' and the number of sets
returned by the recipient agrees with the number shown as having being issued on the
SANCTION-FOR TEST.
5.2.3 The SAEP shall make a visual check to see if the testing has been completed on the
APPARATUS and that it is in a satisfactory condition to be restored to service.
5.3 Limitations-of-Access
5.3.1 It is important that when cancelling LIMITATIONS-OF-ACCESS that the SAEP or AEP
checks the 'Clearance Section' has been completed by the recipient, to establish if the work
is complete and any APPARATUS involved is in the condition he expects it to be.
5.3.2 The SAEP or AEP shall make a visual check to see if the work has been completed on any
APPARATUS involved and that it is in a satisfactory condition.
5.3.3 If the LIMITATION-OF-ACCESS was issued only to allow access, a check shall be made to
ensure that all the gates or doors been locked etc.
6. Retention of Electrical Safety Documents

6.1 Cancelled ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS shall be retained in their site storage file
for a minimum period of two years after the date of their cancellation.
6.2 This system shall ensure that when ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS are issued and
cancelled they can be easily and regularly monitored, by SAEPs or AEPs and if necessary
can be produced for inspection by internal management or external Audit Teams.
APPENDIX A –
DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS & REFERENCE INDICATORS
Version 10.0
A-1 General Terminology

For the purposes of this document the following definitions shall be used.
(The) Company - Petroleum Development Oman LLC of Muscat, Sultanate of
Oman
Consultant - A party to a Contract with The Company who is responsible for
providing design, engineering, and other related consultancy
services under a Contract.
Contractor - A party to a Contract with The Company responsible for
maintenance, construction and other related works specified in a
Contract. On occasion, for example in 'turnkey or EPC contracts',
a contractor may be responsible for the duties of both Consultant
and Contractor.
Direct Supervision - Supervision by a person suitably authorised for that function,
which is continuously present at the work site to personally
supervise the work without intermediaries.
Manufacturer - A party responsible for the manufacture of equipment or material
to perform duties specified by a Consultant or the Company
May - The word 'may' is to be understood as indicating a possible course
of action.
Operations - A generic term indicating the party to which electrical
maintenance and utility staff report to.
Shall - The word 'shall' is to be understood as mandatory.
Should - The word 'should' is to be understood as strongly recommended.
User - A specified engineer or Consultant who applies these standards in
the execution of a PDO project.
Vendor/Supplier - A party responsible for supply of equipment, materials or product-
related services in accordance with a Purchasing Office.

Version 10.0
A-2 Abbreviation
AE - Additional Earth
AEP - Authorised Electrical Person
AP - Appointed Person
BS - British Standard
CEP - Competent Electrical Person
CESP - Competent Electrical Switching Person
CFDH-E - Corporate Functional Discipline Head Electrical
CME - Circuit Main Earth
CofA - Certificate of Appointment
CP - Control Person
ELV - Extra Low Voltage
EMC - Engineering Maintenance Contract
EP - Electrical Person
EPC - Engineer, Procure & Construct contract
ESB - Electrical Safety Bulletin
ESOP - Electrical Safety Operational Procedure
ESR - Electrical Safety Rule
HSESM - Health Safety Environmental Protection Standards Manual
HV - High Voltage
IEC - International Electrical Committee
LLW Live Line Work
LL Washing - Live Line Washing
LV - Low Voltage
MEDC Muscat Electricity Distribution Company SAOG
MJEC - Majan Electricity Company SAOG
MZEC - Mazoon Electricity Company SAOG
OETC - Oman Electricity Transmission Company SAOC
OPWP - Oman Power and Water Procurement Company SAOC

ORPC - Oman Refinery and Petrochemicals Company LLC
PAP - Procedure for Appointed Person
PDO - Petroleum Development Oman LLC
SAEP - Senior Authorised Electrical Person
SAP - Systems, Applications and Products
SOP - Switchgear Operating Procedures
SRD - Safety Reference Document

Version 10.0
A-3 PDO GENERIC JOB TITLES & REFERENCE INDICATORS

For the purposes of this document the following generic job titles are defined, along with the
current reference indicator(s)
PDO GENERIC JOB TITLE REF. INDICATOR
Corporate Functional Discipline Head Electrical UIE
Head Integrity & Standards, Power Systems UIE / 4
Operations Electrical Support Engineer UIE / 3S
Head of Power System Operations UIE / 3 , UIB/1
Head of Operations ONO, OSO, UIB
ONO/42L, ONO /42Q, ONO /42F,
ONO/42Y, OSO / 42N, OSO /42M,
Area Operations Electrical Supervisor OSO / 12B
UIB/12
UIB/121/122
Area Operations Electrical Staff reporting to an Area Operations
Electrical Supervisor
Area Operations Support (Electrical) North: ONO/62
South: OSO/62
Head of Area Estate Services Operations Area Coordinators
PR USER-COMMENT FORM
Version 10.0
PR User-Comment Form
If you find something that is incorrect, ambiguous or could be better in a PR, write your
comments and suggestions on this form. Send the form to the Document Control Section
(DCS). They make a record of your comment and send the form to the correct CFDH. The
form has spaces for your personal details. This lets DCS or the CFDH ask you about your
comments and tell you about the decision.
PR Details Title Issue Date:

Number:
Page number: Heading Number: Figure Number:
Comments:
Suggestions:
User’s personal details

Name: Ref. Ind: Signature: Date:
Phone:
Document Control Section Actions
Comment Number: Dates CFDH
Recd: To CFDH: Ref. Ind:
CFDH Actions
Recd Decision: Inits: Ref. Date:
Date: Reject: Ind:
Accept, revise at next issue:
Accept, issue temporary amendment
Comments:
Originator Date: Inits: Document Date: Inits:

Advised: Control Section
Advised:


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Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.

UNRESTRICTED Document ID: PR-1948

Electrical Safety Operating Procedures

The requirements of this document are mandatory. Non-compliance shall only be

Please familiarise yourself with the

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Page 2 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

Authorised for Issue Oct. 2010

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Revision No. Date Author/ Changes/ Remarks

iii Related Business Processes

Code Business Process (EPBM V.4.0)

EP-72 Maintenance and Assure Facilities Integrity

iv Related Corporate Management Frame Work (CMF) Documents

Page 4 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

2.7 Appointed Person (AP).........................................................................................24

2. Initial Construction Phase..................................................................................46

Page 7 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

Page 8 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

7. Guidelines for Preparing Fault / Failure Reports...............................................77

Page 10 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

1.1.1 Specific Precautions

1.1.2 Distribution of Procedures

Page 11 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

2. APPLICABLE STANDARDS, SPECIFICATION AND CODES

DOCUMENT TITLE REF. ESOP CUST.

1. Electrical Safety Rules PR-1947 all UIE/3

Page 12 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

ESOP ISSUE ESOP TITLE

1 10 / 2010 ISSUE OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY RULES AND ELECTRICAL

2 10 / 2010 LOCKING PROCEDURES AND PROVISION AND USE OF KEY

3 10 / 2010 SELECTION, TRAINING, ASSESSMENT AND APPOINTMENT OF

4 10 / 2010 PREPARATION AND USE OF SWITCHING PROGRAMMES FOR

5 10 / 2010 VOLTAGE TESTING AND PHASING OUT DEVICES

6 10 / 2010 EARTHING EQUIPMENT FOR USE ON HIGH VOLTAGE

7 10 / 2010 NOTICE OF COMMISSIONING OF HIGH VOLTAGE APPARATUS

8 10 / 2010 BASIC RULES FOR PLANT OPERATION

9 10 / 2010 INTERFACE PROCEDURES BETWEEN PDO OPERATIONAL AREAS

10 10 / 2010 ELECTRICAL IDENTIFICATION OF UNDERGROUND CABLES

11 10 / 2010 MECHANICAL RULES FOR GENERATING MACHINES AND OTHER

12 10 / 2010 PROVISION OF SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT AND INFORMATION

14 10 / 2010 LOSS OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY DOCUMENTS AND ELECTRICAL

ESOP ISSUE ESOP TITLE

15 10 / 2010 BOUNDARY PROCEDURE FOR THE INTERIOR HIGH VOLTAGE

16 10 / 2010 PROVISION OF SWITCHGEAR OPERATING PROCEDURES &

17 10 / 2010 BOUNDARY PROCEDURE FOR COASTAL AREA OETC/ORC/PDO

18 10 / 2010 REPORTING OF ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS AND EMERGENCY

Page 13 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

19 Reserved for future use

20 Reserved for future use

21 10 / 2010 APPLICATION OF LV EARTHING DEVICES TO LOW VOLTAGE

22 10 / 2010 LIVE LINE WORKING AND LIVE LINE WASHING PRACTICES

23 10 / 2010 IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH OR LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR

23/S1 10 / 2010 OPERATIONAL RESTRICTION ON HOLEC CAPITOLE 3 AND 3N

24 10 / 2010 PROVISION OF MISCELLANEOUS SAFETY EQUIPMENT FOR

25 10 / 2010 PREPARATION, ISSUE, CLEARANCE, CANCELLATION AND

Page 14 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

3. Scale of Issue of the ESR

4. Scale of Issue of the ESOPs

5. Identification of the ESR and ESOPs

6. Issue of the ESR and ESOPs

Page 15 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

7. LOSS OF ESR OR ESOPs

Page 16 PR-1948 Electrical Safety Operating Procedures Printed 04/10/10

AREA :__ START DATE : PROG.NO. :

RETURN BY : ___ WHEN COMPLETE: