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Contents
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY........................................................................................................................................... 4
IF YOU ARE AN ESTABLISHED BUSINESS .......................................................................................................... 5
IF YOU ARE A STARTUP OR NEW BUSINESS .................................................................................................... 6
ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................................................... 7
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE.......................................................................................................................... 8
OWNERSHIP INFORMATION ................................................................................................................................ 9
BOARD OF DIRECTORS' QUALIFICATIONS ..................................................................................................... 11
COMPANY DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................................................... 12
WHAT TO INCLUDE IN YOUR COMPANY DESCRIPTION.............................................................................. 13
MARKET ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................................ 14
MARKET SHARE ...................................................................................................................................................... 16
SERVICE OR PRODUCT LINE ................................................................................................................................ 17
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY .................................................................................................................................. 18
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D) ACTIVITIES ..................................................................................... 19
MARKETING & SALES ........................................................................................................................................... 20
A MARKET PENETRATION STRATEGY. ............................................................................................................ 21
FUNDING REQUEST ............................................................................................................................................... 22
FINANCIAL PROJECTIONS .................................................................................................................................. 23
HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA .......................................................................................................................... 24
PROSPECTIVE FINANCIAL DATA ...................................................................................................................... 25
APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................................................ 26
HOW TO MAKE YOUR CANNABIS BUSINESS PLAN STAND OUT ............................................................. 28
BE CLEAR ABOUT WHAT YOU HAVE TO OFFER ........................................................................................... 29
DON’T BECOME A JACK OF ALL TRADES-LEARN TO STRATEGIZE......................................................... 30
IDENTIFY YOUR NICHE ......................................................................................................................................... 31
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INTRODUCTION
Whether you’re starting or growing your business, you need a business plan. Your
plan will provide the roadmap to achieve the success you want. The question
shouldn’t be IF you write your plan, but how to write a business plan that will take
your company where you want to go.
Your business plan is essentially your answers to a comprehensive list of questions.
The first and most important question is this: where do you want your business to
go? Stated differently, what do you want your business to look like in three, five or
even 10 or more years? What level of revenues and profits do you have at that time?
How many employees? How many locations? And so on.
Likewise, your business plan should answer these questions for a shorter time
period, particularly one year. That is, what are your business’ goals for the current
year, and what must you accomplish to make the year a success.
When writing a cannabis business plan it is essential to include the following
information.
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Executive Summary
The executive summary is often considered the most important section of a
business plan. This section briefly tells your reader where your company is, where
you want to take it, and why your business idea will be successful. If you are seeking
financing, the executive summary is also your first opportunity to grab a potential
investor’s interest.
The executive summary should highlight the strengths of your overall plan and
therefore be the last section you write. However, it usually appears first in your
business plan document.
Just like the old adage that you never get a second chance to make a first
impression, the executive summary is your business’s calling card. It needs to be
succinct and hit the key highlights of the plan. Many potential investors will never
make it beyond the executive summary, so it needs to be compelling and intriguing.
The executive summary should provide a quick overview of the problem your
business solves, your solution to the problem, the business’s target market, key
financial highlights, and a summary of who does what on the management team.
Remember that even though it might be the last thing you write for your business
plan, the executive summary is the first thing that people will read. You have to grab
reader’s attention and hold it. Think of the executive summary as a highlight reel
showcasing your business. One of the reasons for saving the executive summary
until last to write is to give you the chance to include the best parts from each of the
sections of your business plan in it.
Write the executive summary with a particular audience in mind. If you are trying to
attract investors, you should focus on those sections of your business plan that
establishes how your company’s product is filling a consumer need. Reference the
market research and marketing strategies that demonstrate how your company will
take advantage of this.
After completing the executive summary, read it aloud. It should convey your
intended message in clear, unequivocal terms that flow without sounding like a
sales pitch.
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Organizational Structure
A simple but effective way to lay out the structure of your company is to create an
organizational chart with a narrative description. This will prove that you're leaving
nothing to chance, you've thought out exactly who is doing what, and there is
someone in charge of every function of your company. Nothing will fall through the
cracks, and nothing will be done three or four times over. To a potential investor or
employee, that is very important.
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Ownership Information
This section should also include the legal structure of your business along with the
subsequent ownership information it relates to. Have you incorporated your
business? If so, is it a C or S corporation? Or perhaps you have formed a partnership
with someone. If so, is it a general or limited partnership? Or maybe you are a sole
proprietor.
The following important ownership information should be incorporated into your
business plan:
Names of owners
Percentage ownership
Extent of involvement with the company
Forms of ownership (i.e., common stock, preferred stock, general partner,
limited partner)
Outstanding equity equivalents (i.e., options, warrants, convertible debt)
Common stock (i.e., authorized or issued)
Management Profiles
Experts agree that one of the strongest factors for success in any growth company
is the ability and track record of its owner/management team, so let your reader
know about the key people in your company and their backgrounds. Provide
resumes that include the following information:
Name
Position (include brief position description along with primary duties)
Primary responsibilities and authority
Education
Unique experience and skills
Prior employment
Special skills
Past track record
Industry recognition
Community involvement
Number of years with company
Compensation basis and levels (make sure these are reasonable -- not too
high or too low)
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Be sure you quantify achievements (e.g. "Managed a sales force of ten people,"
"Managed a department of fifteen people," "Increased revenue by 15 percent in the
first six months," "Expanded the retail outlets at the rate of two each year," "Improved
the customer service as rated by our customers from a 60 percent to a 90 percent
rating")
Also highlight how the people surrounding you complement your own skills. If
you're just starting out, show how each person's unique experience will contribute
to the success of your venture.
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Company Description
This section of your business plan provides a high-level review of the different
elements of your business. This is akin to an extended elevator pitch and can help
readers and potential investors quickly understand the goal of your business and its
unique proposition.
Begin the description with a few sentences that give a capsule view of the
company, its product and its position in the industry in which it competes. This is an
elevator pitch to get the reader interested in learning more about the company. Let
the reader know if this is a new venture or one that has been in business for a while.
The business description should continue with a statement about the type of
business structure adopted by the company. Explain whether it is a corporation,
partnership, sole proprietorship or limited liability company, and list the names of
the principals along with brief profiles for each one showing how their presence
benefits the company.
Part of the description of the business should include information about the
products and services sold by the company, the potential customers, supply and
distribution channels, competitive advantages offered by product features and how
the company plans to exploit those advantages. End the business description by
explaining the specifics of how the company plans to be profitable.
The business description section of a business plan should not be overly long.
Depending upon the size of the company and the number of products offered by it,
a description that is one to two pages in length should suffice.
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Market Analysis
The market analysis section of your business plan should illustrate your industry and
market knowledge as well as any of your research findings and conclusions. This
section is usually presented after the company description.
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When you include information about any of the market tests or research studies you
have completed, be sure to focus only on the results of these tests. Any other
details should be included in the appendix.
The industry analysis that you performed before sitting down to write your business
plan can be incorporated into it to provide data on the industry and markets in which
your company conducts business. Drawing upon the data you collected by using
the various industry analysis resources mentioned earlier allows you to identify the
risks and opportunities confronting the company as it prepares to enter the
marketplace with its products or services. This information permits you to develop
strategies to take full advantage of the opportunities presented to business while
minimizing or avoiding the identified risks.
When written as a section of a company’s business plan, an industry analysis can be
presented as a five-step process.
Step 1: Give a brief overview of the industry. Define the industry in terms of historical
background, the geographic area it services and the products it offers.
Step 2: Review trends and growth patterns that have existed within the industry.
Step 3: Identify factors that influence the industry. These might include government
regulatory policies and competitive practices of other businesses.
Step 4: Using data gathered through research, forecast anticipated growth of the
industry. The predictions should be both long- and short-term.
Step 5: Describe how your company will position itself within the industry.
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Market share
Strengths and weaknesses.
How important is your target market to your competitors?
Are there any barriers that may hinder you as you enter the market?
What is your window of opportunity to enter the market?
Are there any indirect or secondary competitors who may impact your success?
What barriers to market are there (e.g., changing technology, high investment cost,
lack of quality personnel)?
Regulatory Restrictions – Include any customer or governmental regulatory
requirements affecting your business, and how you’ll comply. Also, cite any
operational or cost impact the compliance process will have on your business.
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Intellectual Property
If you have any existing, pending, or any anticipated copyright or patent filings, list
them here. Also disclose whether any key aspects of a product may be classified as
trade secrets. Last, include any information pertaining to existing legal agreements,
such as nondisclosure or non-compete agreements.
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Communication strategy. How are you going to reach your customers? Usually a
combination of the following tactics works the best: promotions, advertising, public
relations, personal selling, and printed materials such as brochures, catalogs, flyers,
etc.
After you have developed a comprehensive marketing strategy, you can then define
your sales strategy. This covers how you plan to actually sell your product.
Your sales activities. When you are defining your sales strategy, it is important that
you break it down into activities. For instance, you need to identify your prospects.
Once you have made a list of your prospects, you need to prioritize the contacts,
selecting the leads with the highest potential to buy first.
Next, identify the number of sales calls you will make over a certain period of time.
From there, you need to determine the average number of sales calls you will need
to make per sale, the average dollar size per sale, and the average dollar size per
vendor.
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Funding Request
If you are seeking funding for your business venture, use this section to outline your
requirements.
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Financial Projections
You should develop the Financial Projections section after you've analyzed the
market and set clear objectives. That's when you can allocate resources efficiently.
This section of the business plan provides readers with a picture of where your
company has been and where it is going from the point of view of its finances.
Established companies should include financial data of past performance. Banks,
venture capitalists and other lenders usually want at least three years of financial
data, but some might want to see up to five years of information.
Financial data that should be included in the plan include income and cash flow
statements and balance sheets. Some lenders might ask for the inclusion of
accounts receivable statements, accounts payable statements and documentation
of other debt obligations of the company.
Regardless of how long a company has been in existence, this section must include
projections of future financial picture of the company. These projections must be
supported by data the company has compiled through its research and analysis of
the industry, competitors, markets and products.
Financial forecasts should include the following documents:
Statements of projected income
Balance sheets
Cash flow statements
Capital expenditure budgets
Assumptions that a company makes about future market trends or other factors that
could influence the financial projections it has made should be explained. People
outside of a company want to see that financial projections contained in a business
plan are supported by accurate data or by an analysis based on assumptions having
an historical basis for them.
Financial projections can be supported by graphs, charts, credit history, order
history, reference letters or anything that a business believes will lend credibility
and support the predictions made in the plan. Such items might work best if they are
included in the appendix section of the plan.
The following is a list of the critical financial statements to include in your business
plan packet.
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Appendix
The Appendix should be provided to readers on an as-needed basis. In other words,
it should not be included with the main body of your business plan. Your plan is your
communication tool; as such, it will be seen by a lot of people. Some of the
information in the business section you will not want everyone to see, but specific
individuals (such as creditors) may want access to this information to make lending
decisions. Therefore, it is important to have the appendix within easy reach.
The information supporting projections, strategies and assumptions made in a
business plan will be found within the body of each section of it. An appendix
usually contains financial information to which company owners and managers
might want to limit access. For example, a company that prepares a plan in
specifically to obtain lender financing could use the appendix to submit tax returns,
credit histories and confidential date such as customer information only to those
lenders requesting it. It can also be used for supporting reports, photographs and
other information that takes up more than a couple of pages.
An appendix should begin with a table of contents corresponding to the
organization of the sections of the business plan. Even if it only contains information
pertaining to some but not all sections of the plan, the appendix should always be
located after the last section of the plan.
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*If you put in the time to research and develop a strong business plan you will have
a much greater chance of getting the funding you are looking for, and a much
clearer understanding of what it will take and what you need to do to make your
cannabis business a thriving success.
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