What is a mutation?

Submitted by:

A mutation is a change that

Ramirez, Hans Christian
occurs in our DNA sequence, ___
either due to mistakes when
the DNA is copied or as the
result of environmental factors
such as UV light and cigarette
Ilagan, Ana Paula
___ Mutations
smoke. Alpobera, Jonille
___
Over a lifetime our DNA? can Submitted to:
undergo changes or ___
‘mutations?’ in the sequence
of bases?, A, C, G and T. Sir. Joel Sodela

Mutations can occur during DNA

replication? if errors are made
and not corrected in time.

What is a gene mutation and
how do mutations occur?
A gene mutation is a permanent
alteration in the DNA sequence
that makes up a gene, such that
the sequence differs from what is
found in most people. Mutations
range in size; they can affect
anywhere from a single DNA
building block (base pair) to a
large segment of a chromosome
that includes multiple genes.
Gene mutations can be classified
in two major ways:
The Genetic Code
Hereditary mutations are inherited The genetic code consists of 64
from a parent and are present triplets of nucleotides. These
throughout a person’s life in triplets are called codons.With
virtually every cell in the body. three exceptions, each codon
These mutations are also called encodes for one of the 20 amino
germline mutations because they acids used in the synthesis of
are present in the parent’s egg or proteins. That produces some
sperm cells, which are also called redundancy in the code: most of
germ cells. the amino acids being encoded
by more than one codon.
Acquired (or somatic) mutations
occur at some time during a
person’s life and are present only
in certain cells, not in every cell in
the body. These changes can be
caused by environmental factors
such as ultraviolet radiation from
the sun, or can occur if an error is
made as DNA copies itself during
cell division. Acquired mutations in
somatic cells (cells other than
sperm and egg cells) cannot be
passed to the next generation