Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 12

5&.

" 

4VDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT F WFDUPSFT

 *OUSPEVDJ³O

B
UJD
1SFTFOUBNPT QSJNFJSP PT DPODFQUPT EF TVDFTJ³O F TVCTVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT QBSB TFHVJ

V
EBNFOUF FTUVEBS B DPOWFSYFODJB EVOIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT "EFNBJT EFࣾOJNPT BT TVDF


TJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT EJWFSYFOUFT F PTDJMBOUFT 6OIB DMBTF FTQFDJBM EF TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT

SP
"F
SFBJT TPO BT EFOPNJOBEBT TVDFTJ³OT NPO³UPOBT TPCSF BT RVF TF FOVODJBO EJTUJOUPT SFTVMUBEPT
" QBSUF EFEJDBEB BP FTUVEP EF TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT SFNBUB DPB JOEJDBDJ³O EBMHºOT DSJ

S­B
UFSJPT ºUJMFT QBSB P D¡MDVMP EF M­NJUFT EF TVDFTJ³OT

±B
YF
" TFHVOEB QBSUF EP UFNB USBUB CSFWFNFOUF PT DPODFQUPT EF TVDFTJ³O EF WFDUPSFT F B DPO
&O
WFSYFODJB
FO

 $PODFQUP EF TVDFTJ³O
P
SB

$PNF[BNPT EFࣾOJOEP P DPODFQUP EF TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT RVF TFS¡ FNQSFHBEP NPJ
(

GSFDVFOUFNFOUF OPT QSJNFJSPT UFNBT EB NBUFSJB





%F։OJDJ³O  6OIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT © VOIB BQMJDBDJ³O




৽ ӈ ৳ Қ / ݈ ৽)৳* > ৽৳ Қ 3 /


%JSFNPT RVF P OºNFSP SFBM ৽৳ © P UFSNP ৳©TJNP EB TVDFTJ³O



P
ST
$V

&YFNQMP  " BQMJDBDJ³O


৽ ӈ ৳ Қ / ݈ ৽)৳* > ৽৳ > ৳ Қ 3
*
P
VM

© VOIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT


MD

 $POWFSYFODJB
%P NFTNP YFJUP RVF OB QBSUF EP $¡MDVMP EJGFSFODJBM B OPDJ³O EF M­NJUF EVOIB GVODJ³O OVO
QVOUP EFTFNQF±B VO QBQFM GVOEBNFOUBM OB QBSUF EP $¡MDVMP FO EJGFSFO[BT BQBSFDF P DPODFQUP
EF TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT DPOWFSYFOUF

%F։OJDJ³O  4FYB |৽৳ ~ VOIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT F TFYB ϯ Қ 3 %JSFNPT RVF ϯ ©
P M­NJUF EF |৽৳ ~ DBOEP ৳ UFOEF B JOࣾOJUP TF
Ғ౿ ? 1 - ҕ৚౿ Қ / } ৳ ӷ ৚౿ ѭ }৽৳ Ҥ ϯ} = ౿ /

ϯ > MJN ৽৳ -
&O UBM DBTP EFOPUBSFNPT

৳ЭҰ

PV |৽৳ ~ Э ৽ F EJSFNPT RVF |৽৳ ~ DPOWFSYF B ϯ
  46$&4*“/4 %& /š.&304 & 7&$503&4

&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB PT TFHVJOUFT M­NJUFT

)৳ Ҥ 3*)4৳3 , 6* ಊ৳
- - MJN TFO)3ಊ৳* - MJN 2৳ /
৳ЭҰ 7৳4 , 2 ৳ЭҰ 2 , 5৳ ৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ
MJN MJN

|৽৳ ~ EF OºNFSPT SFBJT UFO CBTUBOUFT DPOTFDVFODJBT 6OIB EFMBT © RVF P DPOYVOUP EPT UFSNPT
 1SPQJFEBEFT EBT TVDFTJ³OT DPOWFSYFOUFT 0 GFJUP EF TFS DPOWFSYFOUF VOIB TVDFTJ³O

EB TVDFTJ³O © MJNJUBEP

B
%F։OJDJ³O  %JSFNPT RVF B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT |৽৳ ~ © MJNJUBEB TVQFSJPSNFOUF

UJD
TF FYJTUF VO OºNFSP SFBM ৙ UBM RVF ৽৳ = ৙ Ғ৳ Қ /

V

%JSFNPT RVF B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT |৽৳ ~ © MJNJUBEB JOGFSJPSNFOUF TF FYJTUF VO OºNFSP

SP
SFBM ৚ UBM RVF ৚ = ৽৳ Ғ৳ Қ /

"F
%JSFNPT RVF B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT |৽৳ ~ © MJNJUBEB TF FYJTUF VO OºNFSP SFBM ৗ UBM

S­B
RVF }৽৳ } = ৗ Ғ৳ Қ /
±B
YF
&YFNQMP  " TVDFTJ³O |)Ҥ2*৳ ~ © MJNJUBEB TVQFSJPSNFOUF QPJT )Ҥ2*৳ = 3 MJNJUBEB JOGF
&O

SJPSNFOUF YB RVF Ҥ3 = )Ҥ2*৳ F MJNJUBEB QPJT })Ҥ2*৳ } > 2 = 3


FO

" TVDFTJ³O |৽৳ > ৳~ © MJNJUBEB JOGFSJPSNFOUF QPJT Ҥ2 = ৽৳ NBJT OPO © MJNJUBEB TVQFSJPS
P

NFOUF QPJT OPO FYJTUF ৙ Қ 3 UBM RVF ৳ = ৙ QBSB UPEP ৳ Қ /


SB
(

" TVDFTJ³O |৽৳ > Ҥ৳3 ~ © MJNJUBEB TVQFSJPSNFOUF NBJT OPO © MJNJUBEB JOGFSJPSNFOUF


" TVDFTJ³O |)Ҥ2*৳ ৳~ OPO © MJNJUBEB TVQFSJPSNFOUF F UBNQPVDP JOGFSJPSNFOUF






5FPSFNB  5PEB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT DPOWFSYFOUF FTU¡ MJNJUBEB



P

/PUB  0 SFD­QSPDP EP BOUFSJPS SFTVMUBEP OPO © DFSUP " TVDFTJ³O


ST

|1- 2- 1- 2- 1- 2- Τ ~
$V
*
P

FTU¡ MJNJUBEB NBJT OPO © DPOWFSYFOUF


VM
MD

/PUB  3FTVNJOEP

ѭ
|৽৳ ~ DPOWFSYFOUF |৽৳ ~ MJNJUBEB
Ѩ

 4VDFTJ³OT EJWFSYFOUFT F PTDJMBOUFT


&YJTUFO TVDFTJ³OT RVF OPO TPO DPOWFSYFOUFT %FࣾOJNPT EF TFHVJEP BT OPDJ³OT EF TVDFTJ³OT
EJWFSYFOUFT F TVDFTJ³OT PTDJMBOUFT EF YFJUP RVF VOIB TVDFTJ³O © DPOWFSYFOUF EJWFSYFOUF PV
PTDJMBOUF
 46$&4*“/4 .0/“50/"4 

 4VDFTJ³OT EJWFSYFOUFT

%F։OJDJ³O  4FYB |৽৳ ~ VOIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT


 %JSFNPT RVF B TVDFTJ³O |৽৳ ~ UFOEF B ,Ұ PV RVF ,Ұ © P M­NJUF EF |৽৳ ~
RVF EFOPUBSF
NPT MJN ৽৳ > ,Ұ TF
৳ЭҰ

Ғ৙ ? 1 ҕ৚৙ Қ / } ৳ ӷ ৚৙ ѭ ৽৳ ? ৙ /
 %JSFNPT RVF B TVDFTJ³O |৽৳ ~ UFOEF B ҤҰ PV RVF ҤҰ © P M­NJUF EF |৽৳ ~
RVF EFOPUBSF
NPT MJN ৽৳ > ҤҰ TF
৳ЭҰ

B
Ғ৙ ? 1 ҕ৚৙ Қ / } ৳ ӷ ৚৙ ѭ ৽৳ = Ҥ৙ /

V UJD
 %JSFNPT RVF |৽৳ ~ © EJWFSYFOUF TF P M­NJUF EF |৽৳ ~ © ,Ұ PV ҤҰ


SP
"F
/PUB  6OIB TVDFTJ³O EJWFSYFOUF OVODB FTU¡ MJNJUBEB

S­B
±B
/PUB  1PS UBOUP BT TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT DPO M­NJUF QPEFO TFS
YF
 %JWFSYFOUFT TF P M­NJUF © ,Ұ PV ҤҰ
 $POWFSYFOUFT TF P M­NJUF © VO OºNFSP SFBM
&O
FO

 4VDFTJ³OT PTDJMBOUFT


P

%F։OJDJ³O  6OIB TVDFTJ³O |৽৳ ~ RVF OPO © DPOWFSYFOUF OJO EJWFSYFOUF EJSFNPT RVF ©
SB
(


PTDJMBOUF

&YFNQMP  " TVDFTJ³O |)Ҥ2*৳ ~ © VOIB TVDFTJ³O PTDJMBOUF







 4VDFTJ³OT NPO³UPOBT
P
ST

6OIB DMBTF QBSUJDVMBS EF TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT TPO BT EFOPNJOBEBT TVDFTJ³OT NPO³
$V

UPOBT #BJYP DFSUBT IJQ³UFTFT © QPT­CFM FOVODJBS VO UFPSFNB RVF HBSBOUF B TºB DPOWFSYFODJB

%F։OJDJ³O  4FYB |৽৳ ~ VOIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT %JSFNPT RVF |৽৳ ~ © VOIB
*
P
VM

TVDFTJ³O
DSFDFOUF TF ৽৳,2 ӷ ৽৳ Ғ৳ Қ /
MD

EFDSFDFOUF TF ৽৳,2 Ӷ ৽৳ Ғ৳ Қ /


FTUSJUBNFOUF DSFDFOUF TF ৽৳,2 ? ৽৳ Ғ৳ Қ /




FTUSJUBNFOUF EFDSFDFOUF TF ৽৳,2 = ৽৳ Ғ৳ Қ /





&YFNQMP  " TVDFTJ³O |৽৳ > 2~ © VOIB TVDFTJ³O NPO³UPOB DSFDFOUF F NPO³UPOB EF
DSFDFOUF BP UFNQP " TVDFTJ³O |৽৳ > ৳3 ~ © FTUSJUBNFOUF DSFDFOUF NFOUSFT RVF B TVDFTJ³O
|৽৳ > 20৳~ © FTUSJUBNFOUF EFDSFDFOUF

5FPSFNB  EBT TVDFTJ³OT NPO³UPOBT


 7FSJG­DBOTF BT TFHVJOUFT EºBT QSPQJFEBEFT
 5PEB TVDFTJ³O NPO³UPOB DSFDFOUF MJNJUBEB TVQFSJPSNFOUF © DPOWFSYFOUF
 5PEB TVDFTJ³O NPO³UPOB EFDSFDFOUF MJNJUBEB JOGFSJPSNFOUF © DPOWFSYFOUF
  46$&4*“/4 %& /š.&304 & 7&$503&4

/PUB  3FTVNJOEP

|৽৳ ~ ѭ |৽৳ ~ DPOWFSYFOUF ѭ |৽৳ ~ MJNJUBEB


NPO³UPOB
F MJNJUBEB

&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |৾৳ ~ B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT EFࣾOJEB EF YFJUP SFDVSTJWP QPS
৾3৳ , 5
৾2 > 4 - ৾৳,2 > - ৳ ӷ 2/
3৾৳

B
UJD
1SPCB RVF |৾৳ ~ © VOIB TVDFTJ³O DPOWFSYFOUF F DBMDVMB MJN ৾৳ 

V

৳ЭҰ

SP
&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |১৳ ~৳Қ/ B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT QPTJUJWPT EFࣾOJEB QPS

"F
2 ১3৳ , ১৳

S­B
১2 > - ১৳,2 > - ৳ ӷ 2/
3 3
±B
 %FNPTUSB FNQSFHBOEP P QSJODJQJP EF JOEVDJ³O RVF ১৳ = 2 Ғ৳ Қ /
YF
&O

 1SPCB RVF B TVDFTJ³O |১৳ ~৳Қ/ © NPO³UPOB EFDSFDFOUF ‰ |১৳ ~৳Қ/ DPOWFSYFOUF &O DBTP
FO

BࣾSNBUJWP DBMDVMB P TFV M­NJUF


P
SB

&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |৾৳ ~৳ B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT EFࣾOJEB QPS


(

৾3৳ , 3


৾2 > 3 - ৾৳,2 > - ৳ ӷ 2/




3৾৳


1SPCB RVF |৾৳ ~৳ © DPOWFSYFOUF F DBMDVMB MJN ৾৳ 




৳ЭҰ


&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |৾৳ ~৳ B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT EFࣾOJEB QPS


P
ST

4)2 , ৾৳ *
$V

৾2 > 4 - ৾৳,2 > - ৳ ӷ 2/


4 , ৾৳
*

1SPCB RVF |৾৳ ~৳ © DPOWFSYFOUF F DBMDVMB MJN ৾৳ 


P
VM

৳ЭҰ
MD

&YFSDJDJP  %FࣾOJNPT B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT |১৳ ~৳ QPS


:
১2 > 21 - ১৳,2 > 21 Ҥ - ৳ ӷ 2/
১৳
$BMDVMB TF FYJTUF P M­NJUF EB TVDFTJ³O ১৳ 

&YFSDJDJP  %FࣾOJNPT B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT |১৳ ~৳ QPS


১3৳ , 6
১2 > 5 - ১৳,2 > - ৳ ӷ 2/
7
1SPCB RVF ১৳ = 6 F ১৳ ? 2 &TUVEB B FYJTUFODJB EP M­NJUF MJN ১৳ F DBMDVMB TF FYJTUF P TFV
৳ЭҰ
WBMPS
&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |১৳ ~ B TVDFTJ³O EFࣾOJEB QPS
 $-$6-0 %& -­.*5&4 


১2 > 2- ১৳,2 > ১/
৳,2 ৳
%FUFSNJOB VOIB SFMBDJ³O FOUSF ১৳,2 F ১৳Ҥ2  %FUFSNJOB VOIB SFMBDJ³O FOUSF ১৳,2 F ১৳Ҥ3  %FUFS
NJOB VOIB SFMBDJ³O FOUSF ১৳,2 F ১2  $BMDVMB TF FYJTUF P M­NJUF EF ১৳ 

&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |৽৳ ~৳ B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT EFࣾOJEB QPS


৽3৳ , 21
৽2 > 6 - ৽৳,2 > /
22

B
UJD
MJN ৽৳ /
$BMDVMB TF FYJTUF

V

৳ЭҰ

&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |১৳ ~৳ B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT EFࣾOJEB QPS

SP
"F
১2 > 2 - ১৳,2 > Ҭ2 , 3১৳ Ҥ 2/

S­B
MJN ১৳ / ±B
$BMDVMB TF FYJTUF YF
&O
৳ЭҰ

&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB TF FYJTUF P M­NJUF EB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT |১৳ ~ EFࣾOJEB QPS
FO


১2 > 6- ১৳,2 > ১/
P

3৳ , 2 ৳
SB
(

&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |৽৳ ~৳ B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT EFࣾOJEB NFEJBOUF




4৽৳


৽2 > 2- ৽৳,2 > - ৳ ӷ 2/


2 , ৽৳



 &NQSFHBOEP P QSJODJQJP EF JOEVDJ³O EFNPTUSB RVF 1 Ӷ ৽৳ Ӷ 3 Ғ৳ ӷ 2




 &TUVEB TF B TVDFTJ³O |৽৳ ~৳ © NPO³UPOB DSFDFOUF PV NPO³UPOB EFDSFDFOUF


P

 $BMDVMB TF FYJTUF MJN ৽৳ 


ST
$V

৳ЭҰ

&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |৽৳ ~৳ B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT EFࣾOJEB NFEJBOUF


*

2 ২
P

৽2 > ১- ৽৳,2 > ৽৳ , - ৳ ӷ 2-


VM

3ว ৽৳ ศ
MD

POEF ১ F ২ TPO OºNFSPT SFBJT QPTJUJWPT


 4F ১ > 4 F ২ > : FTUVEB TF B TVDFTJ³O |৽৳ ~ © DPOWFSYFOUF F FO DBTP BࣾSNBUJWP EFUFSNJOB

 1BSB ১ > 6 F ২ > 21 EFNPTUSB RVF B TVDFTJ³O |৽৳ ~ FTU¡ MJNJUBEB JOGFSJPSNFOUF QPS
P TFV M­NJUF

,Ҭ21 QBSB ৳ ӷ 2 $BMDVMB TF FYJTUF MJN ৽৳ 


৳ЭҰ

 $¡MDVMP EF M­NJUFT
/B QSFTFOUF TFDDJ³O FTUBCM©DFOTF EJTUJOUPT SFTVMUBEPT SFMBDJPOBEPT DP D¡MDVMP EF M­NJUFT EF
TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT &O QSJNFJSP MVHBS QSFTFOUBNPT PT SFTVMUBEPT SFMBUJWPT ¡ ¡MYFCSB
EF M­NJUFT
  46$&4*“/4 %& /š.&304 & 7&$503&4

 MYFCSB EF M­NJUFT

5FPSFNB  4FYBO |৽৳ ~ F |৾৳ ~ EºBT TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT DPOWFSYFOUFT B ৽ F ৾
SFTQFDUJWBNFOUF %BRVFMB
 MJN ඳ৽৳ , ৾৳ ප > ৽ , ৾
৳ЭҰ
 MJN ඳ৽৳ ৾৳ ප > ৽ ৾
৽ ৽
৳ЭҰ
 MJN ৳ > TFNQSF RVF ৾ Ӳ 1
৳ЭҰ ৾ ৾

 MJN ৽৳ > ৽৾ TFNQSF RVF ৽ ? 1
৾৳

 4F ২ ? 1 F ২ Ӳ 2 FOU³O MJN MPH২ ৽৳ > MPH২ ৽ TF ৽ ? 1


৳ЭҰ

B
UJD
৳ЭҰ

/PUB  0T SFTVMUBEPT BOUFSJPSFT TPO UBN©O W¡MJEPT OPT DBTPT FO RVF TFOEP ৽- ৾ Қ 3 Ҽ

V

|ҤҰ- ,Ұ~ BT PQFSBDJ³OT UF±BO TFOUJEP 4PO JOEFUFSNJOBDJ³OT

SP
"F
1 Ұ
- - 1 ՗ Ұ- ,Ұ Ҥ Ұ - 11 - Ұ1 - 2Ұ /
1 Ұ

S­B
±B
&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB PT TFHVJOUFT M­NJUFT YF
৳4 , 2 5৳)৳ , 2*5
- -
&O

৳ЭҰ ৳3 , ৳ , 2 ৳ЭҰ 6৳6 , 2


MJN MJN
FO

MJN Ҭ৳3 , 6৳ Ҥ Ҭ৳3 , 3෸ - MJN Ҭ৳)৳ Ҥ ১* Ҥ ৳ /


৳ЭҰ ෷
P

৳ЭҰ
SB
(

 1SPQJFEBEFT ºUJMFT QBSB P D¡MDVMP EF M­NJUFT




5FPSFNB  4FYBO |৽৳ ~ |৾৳ ~ F |৿৳ ~ TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT




 4F MJN ৽৳ > 1 F |৾৳ ~ FTU¡ MJNJUBEB FOU³O MJN ৽৳ ৾৳ > 1





 4F MJN ৽৳ > MJN ৾৳ > ϯ Қ 3 Ҽ |ҤҰ- ,Ұ~ F ৽৳ Ӷ ৿৳ Ӷ ৾৳ FOU³O MJN ৿৳ > ϯ


৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ


৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ


P
ST

&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB PT M­NJUFT TFHVJOUFT


TFO\DPT)৳" 03৳ *^
- MJN ඳ6৳4 , 5৳ Ҥ 2ප20 MO)৳ ,8৳Ҥ6* /
$V

৳ЭҰ ৳3 , 2 ৳ЭҰ
MJN
*
P
VM

&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB PT M­NJUFT TFHVJOUFT


)Ҥ6*৳ , TFO)৳ಊ* ৳
- /
MD

8৳ Ҥ ৫ ৳ ৳ , ৫Ҥ৳

৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ
MJN MJN

 0 OºNFSP ৫ /P BQBSUBEP EFEJDBEP ¡ ¡MYFCSB EF M­NJUFT JOEJD¡SPOTF BT QPT­CFJT JOEF

2Ұ DPB BYVEB EP OºNFSP ৫


UFSNJOBDJ³OT RVF QPEFO BQBSFDFS ‰ QPT­CFM SFTPMWFS VOIB EFMBT B JOEFUFSNJOBDJ³O EB GPSNB

2 ৳
৽ ৳ > ෷2 , ෸
5FPSFNB  " TVDFTJ³O


© NPO³UPOB DSFDFOUF F MJNJUBEB TVQFSJPSNFOUF 1PS UBOUP |৽৳ ~ © DPOWFSYFOUF F BP TFV M­NJUF
DI¡NBTFMMF OºNFSP ৫ EF &VMFS
2 ৳
৫ > MJN ෷2 , ෸ Қ 3 /
৳ЭҰ ৳
/PUB  .PJUPT EPT DIBNBEPT ̨M­NJUFT EP OºNFSP ৫̨ UF±FO B GPSNB
 $-$6-0 %& -­.*5&4 

MJN ౻৳ ৳

৳ЭҰ

POEF ౻৳ UFOEF BP OºNFSP VO F ౼৳ UFOEF BP OºNFSP DFSP 4F DIBNBNPT ϯ P WBMPS EP M­NJUF


ϯ > MJN ౻৳ ৳

৳ЭҰ

F UPNBNPT MPHBSJUNPT OFQFSJBOPT


MPH ϯ > MPH MJN ౻৳ ৳ > MJN MPH ౻৳ ৳ > MJN ౼৳ MPH ౻৳ /
౼ ౼
৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ

"HPSB CFO B SFDUB UBOYFOUF ¡ GVODJ³O ৾)৽* > MPH)৽* OP QVOUP ৽1 > 2 © ৽ Ҥ 2 EF YFJUP RVF UFNPT

B
UJD
MPH ϯ > MJN ౼৳ )౻৳ Ҥ 2*-

V

৳ЭҰ

SP
ϯ > MJN ৫౼৳)౻৳Ҥ2* /
PV TF QSFGFSJNPT

"F
৳ЭҰ

S­B
±B
&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB PT M­NJUFT TFHVJOUFT
YF
৳3 Ҥ 4 ৳,2
৳3 20)Ҭ৳,2ҤҬ৳*

- MJN ซ -
&O

৳ЭҰ ว ৳3 , 3 ศ ৳ЭҰ ๖ ৳ ๗
MJN
FO

৳3 , ৳ Ҥ 3 ৳4 , 9 4৳ , 3
৳,Ҭ৳3 ,2 ৳4 0)4৳3 ,3*
P

- - /

MJN ซ
5
MJN ซ
SB

৳ЭҰ ว ৳3 , 2 ศ ৳ЭҰ ๖ )৳ , ಊ*4 ๗ ৳ЭҰ ৳3,৳Ҥ2


(

MJN



&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB TF FYJTUFO PT M­NJUFT TFHVJOUFT


2 , 4৳ ৳ 0)5৳Ҥ3* ৳3 Ҥ 3


৳3
- /
3

৳ЭҰ 6 , 4৳ ෸
MJN ෷
৳ЭҰ ว ৳3 Ҥ 2 ศ


MJN


 $SJUFSJPT QBSB P D¡MDVMP EF M­NJUFT "EFNBJT EBT JOEFUFSNJOBDJ³OT EB GPSNB 2Ұ QP
P

EFO BQBSFDFS PVUSPT UJQPT EF JOEFUFSNJOBDJ³OT 1BSB BT EB GPSNB 101 F Ұ0Ұ © ºUJM P DSJUFSJP EF
ST
$V

4UPM[$FT SP RVF QPEF TFS JOUFSQSFUBEP DPNP VOIB EJTDSFUJ[BDJ³O EB SFHSB EF -̤)´QJUBM
*

5FPSFNB  DSJUFSJP EF 4UPM[$FT SP


 4FYBO |৽৳ ~ F |৾৳ ~ EºBT TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT
P
VM
MD

SFBJT UBMFT RVF


 |৾৳ ~ © NPO³UPOB

 MJN ৾৳ > Ұ PV CFO MJN ৽৳ > MJN ৾৳ > 1


৽৳ Ҥ ৽৳Ҥ2
৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ
> ϯ Қ 3 Ҽ |ҤҰ- ,Ұ~
৳ЭҰ ৾ Ҥ ৾
 MJN
৳ ৳Ҥ2


MJN ৳ > ϯ /
%BRVFMB

৳ЭҰ ৾

MO)2 , ৫৳ *
৳ЭҰ ৳
&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB MJN 

MO)2* , MO)3* , ց , MO)৳*


৳ЭҰ ৳ MO)৳*
&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB MJN 
  46$&4*“/4 %& /š.&304 & 7&$503&4

৳৳
&YFSDJDJP  &NQSFHBOEP P DSJUFSJP EF 4UPM[ DBMDVMB PT TFHVJOUFT M­NJUFT

MO ෷ ෸
৳" - 20Ҭ2 , 20Ҭ3 , ց , 20Ҭ৳
/
৳ЭҰ 3৳ Ҥ 2 ৳ЭҰ
Ҭ৳
MJN MJN

)2 , 202*2 , 3)2 , 203*3 , 4)2 , 204*4 , ց , ৳)2 , 20৳*৳


/
৳ЭҰ ৳3
MJN

&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB


2
, 23 , ց , 2
2 ৳
/

B
৳Э,Ұ
MJN

UJD
MPH)৳*

V

&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB
23 ৳
ց /

SP

MJN ซ
4 6 3৳ , 2

"F
৳Э,Ұ

&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |৺৳ ~ VOIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT DPOWFSYFOUF BP OºNFSP SFBM ১

S­B
MJN ৺৳ > ১ Қ 3 $BMDVMB PT TFHVJOUFT M­NJUFT FNQSFHBOEP P DSJUFSJP EF 4UPM[
৳ЭҰ
±B
YF
৺ , 3৺3 , ց , ৳৺৳ , ,ց,
৺2 ৺3 ৺৳
&O

B
MJN 2 - 2 3 ৳
/
৳ЭҰ ৳3 ৳ЭҰ MPH)৳ , 2*
B
MJN
FO
P
SB

EF OºNFSPT SFBJT DBMDVMBOEP P M­NJUF EB SB[³O FOUSF EPVT UFSNPT DPOTFDVUJWPT PV B SB­[ ৳©TJNB
%F TFHVJEP GPSNVMBNPT BMHºOT SFTVMUBEPT RVF QFSNJUFO DBMDVMBS P M­NJUF EVOIB TVDFTJ³O
(


EP UFSNP YFSBM


5FPSFNB  4FYB |৽৳ ~ VOIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT QPTJUJWPT UBM RVF





MJN ৳ > ϯ Қ 3 Ҽ |ҤҰ- ,Ұ~ /


৳ЭҰ ৽


৳Ҥ2
P
ST

MJN Ҭ ৽৳ > ϯ /
%BRVFMB
$V

৳ЭҰ

&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB MJN Ҭ৳


*


P

৳ЭҰ
VM

&YFSDJDJP  4FYB ৩ ? 1 $BMDVMB MJN Ҭ৩


MD


৳ЭҰ

৳ЭҰ ৳
MO)৳*
&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB MJN  PCTFSWB RVF P MJNJUF QFEJEP QPEF TFS FYQSFTBEP DPNP
MJN MO Ҭ৳


৳ЭҰ

&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB MJN ҬMO)৳*


৳ЭҰ

&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB


MJN Ҭ৳3 , 2- MJN Ҭ৳5 , 4৳4 , ৳3 , 3/
৳ ৳

৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ
5FPSFNB  $SJUFSJP EB SBJ[
 4FYB |৽৳ ~ VOIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT QPTJUJWPT
 $-$6-0 %& -­.*5&4 

 4F MJN Ҭ

৽৳ = 2 FOU³O MJN ৽৳ > 1
৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ
 4F MJN Ҭ

৽৳ ? 2 QPEF TFS ,Ұ
FOU³O MJN ৽৳ > ,Ұ
৳ЭҰ ৳ЭҰ

5FPSFNB  $SJUFSJP EP DPDJFOUF


 4FYB |৽৳ ~ VOIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT QPTJUJWPT

 4F MJN ৳ = 2 FOU³O MJN ৽৳ > 1
৳ЭҰ ৽ ৳ЭҰ
৽৳
৳Ҥ2
? 2 QPEF TFS ,Ұ
FOU³O MJN ৽৳ > ,Ұ
৳ЭҰ ৽ ৳ЭҰ
 4F MJN
৳Ҥ2

৳3 3৳ ৳" Ҭ৳"

B

UJD
৳ЭҰ ৳" ৳ЭҰ ৳ ৳ЭҰ ৳

V
&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB PT TFHVJOUFT M­NJUFT MJN MJN ৳ F MJN 


SP
&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB P M­NJUF EBT TFHVJOUFT TVDFTJ³OT

"F
4৳ )৳" *3 ৳" DPT)৳3 , 3৳ , 2*
৫৳

S­B
)3৳*" ৳"
 
৳ ৳" 3
   
3৳
±B

TFO)৳4 *
4৳ ৳3
 ෷
 ෷
3৳ , 2 ෸ ৳ , 3෸ )৳ , 2*৳

YF  
&O

 4FYB |১৳ ~৳ӷ2 B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT EFࣾOJEB EF YFJUP SFDVSTJWP


FO

&YFSDJDJP 
P
SB

NFEJBOUF
১2 > Ҭ3-
(


১৳,2 > Ҭ3১৳ - ৳ ӷ 2/




$BMDVMB TF FYJTUF MJN ১৳ 





৳ЭҰ


3 43 54 )৳ , 2*৳
 %FUFSNJOB P WBMPS EP M­NJUF

, , 3 ,ց,
P

2 3 4 ৳৳Ҥ2 /
ST

৳3
$V

৳ЭҰ
MJN

 4FYB |১৳ ~৳ӷ2 B TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT SFBJT EFࣾOJEB EF YFJUP SFDVSTJWP


*
P

&YFSDJDJP 
VM

QPS
MD

১2 > Ҭ3-

১৳,2 > Ҭ3 , ১৳ - ৳ ӷ 2/
$BMDVMB TF FYJTUF MJN ১৳ 
৳ЭҰ

MPH)2 , ౻* , 3 MPH)2 , ౻ 3 * , ց , ৳ MPH)2 , ౻ ৳ *


 %FUFSNJOB P WBMPS EP M­NJUF

৳ЭҰ ৳3
MJN

TFHVOEP PT WBMPSFT EP OºNFSP SFBM QPTJUJWP ౻

2 ৳
&YFSDJDJP  $BMDVMB
MJN ෺DPT ෷ ෸෻ /
3

৳ЭҰ ৳
  46$&4*“/4 %& /š.&304 & 7&$503&4

 4VDFTJ³OT EF WFDUPSFT
1SFTFOUBSFNPT VOIBT CSFWFT MJ±BT FO SFMBDJ³O DPBT TVDFTJ³OT EF WFDUPSFT &O QSJNFJSP MVHBS
EFࣾOJNPT P DPODFQUP EF TVDFTJ³O EF WFDUPSFT EF 3ৰ 
%F։OJDJ³O  6OIB TVDFTJ³O EF WFDUPSFT EF 3ৰ © VOIB BQMJDBDJ³O
৽ ӈ ৳ Қ / ݈ ৽)৳* Қ 3ৰ -

৽)৳* > )৽2 )৳*- ৽3 )৳*- Τ - ৽ৰ )৳** -


DPO

TFOEP |৽৮ )৳*~ TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT ৮ > 2- 3- Τ - ৰ

B
UJD
V
%VO YFJUP TJNJMBS EFࣾOJNPT BT TVDFTJ³OT EF WFDUPSFT EF $ৰ 


SP
%F։OJDJ³O  6OIB TVDFTJ³O EF WFDUPSFT EF $ৰ © VOIB BQMJDBDJ³O

"F
৿ ӈ ৳ Қ / ݈ ৽)৳* Қ $ৰ -

S­B
৿)৳* > )৿2 )৳*- ৿3 )৳*- Τ - ৿ৰ )৳** - ±B
DPO YF
&O
FO

৿৸ )৳* > ১৸ )৳* , ৮২৸ )৳* -


F
P

TFOEP |১৸ )৳*~ F |২৸ )৳*~ TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT QBSB UPEP ৸ > 2- 3- Τ - ৰ
SB
(


" DPOWFSYFODJB EVOIB TVDFTJ³O EF WFDUPSFT EFG­OFTF DPNQP±FOUF B DPNQP±FOUF




%F։OJDJ³O  4FYB |৽৳ ~ VOIB TVDFTJ³O EF WFDUPSFT EF 3ৰ POEF




৽)৳* > )৽2 )৳*- ৽3 )৳*- Τ - ৽ৰ )৳** /





%JSFNPT RVF |৽৳ ~ DPOWFSYF BP WFDUPS ϯ > )ϯ2 - ϯ3 - Τ - ϯৰ * Қ 3ৰ TF


P
ST

MJN ৽৸ )৳* > ϯ৸ - Ғ৸ > 2- 3- Τ ৰ /


$V

৳ЭҰ

/P DBTP EF TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT DPNQMFYPT PV EF WFDUPSFT EF $ৰ B EFࣾOJDJ³O © BO¡MPHB


*
P

&YFSDJDJP  &TUVEB B DPOWFSYFODJB EB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT DPNQMFYPT |৿৳ > ১৳ ,৯২৳ ~
VM
MD

৳4 ৳4
১৳ > - ২৳ > -
DPO

Ҭ৳7 , 36৳3 , 2 Ҭ৳23 , 2


POEF ৯ EFOPUB B VOJEBEF JNBYJOBSJB ৯ 3 > Ҥ2

&YFSDJDJP  4FYB |৿৳ > ১৳ , ৯২৳ ~ VOIB TVDFTJ³O EF OºNFSPT DPNQMFYPT POEF
TFO)ಊ* , 33 TFO)ಊ03* , ց , ৳3 TFO)ಊ0৳*
১৳ > -
৳3
22 Ҭ2 , 33 Ҭ3 , 44 Ҭ4 , ց , ৳৳ Ҭ৳
২৳ > /
32 Ҭ3 , 43 Ҭ4 , 54 Ҭ5 , ց , )৳ , 2*৳ Ҭ৳ , 2
$BMDVMB TF FYJTUF MJN ৿৳ 
৳ЭҰ
 3&46.0 %0 5&." 

&YFSDJDJP  4FYB ৽)৳* > )৽2 )৳*- ৽3 )৳** POEF


2 , 3" , ց , ৳"
৽2 )৳* > ඳ2 , 3৳6 ප20)2,4 MO)৳** - ৽3 )৳* > /
৳"
$BMDVMB MJN ৽)৳*
৳Э,Ұ

&YFSDJDJP  0SEFOB TFHVOEP BT TºBT WFMPDJEBEFT EF EJWFSYFODJB B ,Ұ BT TFHVJOUFT


TVDFTJ³OT
|৳~- |৳3 ~- |৳6 ~- |MPH)৳*~- |৳3 , 2~- |৳৳ ~-
|৳" ~- |3৳ ~- |৫৳ ~- |Ҭ৳~- |৳205 ~/

B
UJD
V

 3FTVNP EP UFNB

SP
"F
/P QSFTFOUF UFNB © QPT­CFM EJTUJOHVJS USFT HSBOEFT CMPRVFT EF FTUVEP &O QSJNFJSP MVHBS BT
TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT RVF TFSWFO EF CBTF QBSB PT EPVT TFHVJOUFT &TUVEBNPT BT OPDJ³OT

S­B
EF TVDFTJ³O DPOWFSYFOUF EJWFSYFOUF F PTDJMBOUF 1SFTUPVTF FTQFDJBM BUFODJ³O B EºBT DMBTFT EF

±B
TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT BT NPO³UPOBT RVF CBJYP DFSUBT IJQ³UFTFT © QPT­CFM HBSBOUJS B TºB
YF
&O
DPOWFSYFODJB 'JOBMNFOUF OFTUB QSJNFJSB QBSUF BOBMJ[¡SPOTF EJTUJOUPT DSJUFSJPT F QSPQJFEBEFT
QBSB P D¡MDVMP EF M­NJUFT EF TVDFTJ³OT EF OºNFSPT SFBJT
FO

" TFHVOEB QBSUF N¡JT CSFWF FTUJWP EFEJDBEB ¡T TVDFTJ³OT EF WFDUPSFT FO 3ৰ F $ৰ OB DBM
P
SB

TF JOUSPEVDJSPO PT DPODFQUPT F B OPDJ³O EF DPOWFSYFODJB


(





P
ST
$V
*
P
VM
MD



MD
VM
P
*
$V
ST
P





(
SB
P
FO
&O
 46$&4*“/4 %& /š.&304 & 7&$503&4

YF
±B
S­B
"F
SP

VUJD
B

Вам также может понравиться