Whig and Tory were members of two opposing political parties during the 18th

century.

Separation of powers between the monarchy and political Parliament lay the
foundation for their differences.

Whig represented the urban bourgeois (the party of the new manufacturing towns), a
term that connoted
nonconformity and rebellion, being applied to those who claimed the power of
excluding the heir from the throne.
In the elections for the three 'Exclusion Parliaments' of 1679-81,they showed their
flair for organisation and propaganda
through their overwhelming victories.

They believed in limiting the powers of the king, supported the religious freedom
and were totally anti-slavery.

Tory (Conservative Party) were generally the party of the nobility, who supported
the hereditary right of James, despite his Roman
Catholic faith. They remained loyal to both the monarchy and the church, supporting
the privileges of the throne.