1.

The “Central Dogma” protein synthesis can be summed up as follows: DNA  RNA
 transcription  translation
2. The RNA Polymerase: breaks the attachment between the DNA strands
3. If the DNA coding strand is ACAGTCGAT, the mRNA strand will be: UGUCAGCUA
4. The enzyme’s functions: Helicase, to synthesize RNA  False
5. Cells have defense mechanism from imbalance condition such as prevent passage of
water and ions. It allows the cells to maintain a higher concentration of sodium ion
out the outside of the cell. Besides this example, cells should keep the balance of
protein production, extracellular environment, and others. What is the most
appropriate condition that unicellular have to maintain cell balance besides the case
above? (All are correct; energy transformation, respond to the carcinogenic, cell
growth, cell reproducing)
6. This is a carbohydrate metabolism: Glikoneolisis
7. A large number of enzymes require some other components to be able to function
as a catalyst. This component is generally called cofactors
8. The nucleus of an eukaryotic cell contains the DNA, the genetic material of the cell.
The DNA contains the information necessary for constructing the cell and directing
the multitude of synthesis tasks performed by the cell in the process of life and
reproduction. The structure of DNA is a double stranded molecule that twisted into
helix structure. What is the correct structure for genetic material above? It consists
of deoxyribose
9. The process of synthesizing carbohydrate metabolism of glucose toglycogen:
glycogenesis
10. The resorption of the tadpole tail at the time of its metamorphosis into a frog and
the formation of fingers and also toes of the foetus require their removal by specific
cell death. What is the correct type of cell death for the case above? Apoptosi
11. The site of protein synthesis is: at ribosomes
12. The DNA template is used for DNA replication and RNA transcription
13. A fat solvent is water
14. The differences between DNA and RNA include the following: DNA is usually double
stranded, RNA is usually single stranded
15. Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic process that is used for the supply of glucose when
carbohydrates are not enough in the diet, here which is not a substrate of
glikoneogenesis: carbohydrate
16. An enzyme is biocatalysator in the process – the process of metabolism in living
bodies. Because the enzyme has the following properties: many resulting
mitochondrial organelles
17. One form of monosaccharides is galactose, typically found in everyday life in the
form of milk
18. The hydrolysis of sucrose can produce glucose + fructose
19. When discussing split genes, it is important to remember that both the intron and
the exon are function parts of the gene
20. Carb molecules consis of atoms protein
21. The ability of cells to turn ON ( activate ) or to turn OFF ( repress ) the expression of
particular genes as a response to exogenous or endogenous signal is essential for cell
establishment. The process above are tightly controlled by cell at 4 different
 processes, what is the correct regulation for their control? Translational / post-
translational control
22. DNA polymerase is the enzyme that ties together new pieces of DNA
23. The resorption of the tadpole tail at the time of its metamorphosis into a frog and
the formation of fingers and also toes of the foetus require their removal by specific
cell death. What is the most appropriate characteristic for the type of cell death
above? Plasma membrane blebbing
24. The nucleus of an eukaryotic cell contains the DNA, the genetic material of the cell.
The DNA contains the information necessary for constructing the cell and directing
the multitude of synthesis tasks performed by the cell in the process of life and
reproduction. The structure of DNA is a double stranded molecule that twisted into
helix structure. What is the most appropriate nitrogen pair for the structure above?
Adenine pairs with Thymine
25. The catabolism of carbohydrates undergo several stages, including electron transfer
that occurs inside mitochondria
26. Which one of the following organelles is correct for the function?
a. Protein synthesizing  Ribosome
b. Phospolipid, cholesterol, and steroid metabolism  Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
c. Transport of polypeptide in microvesicle to the Golgi  Rough endoplamic
reticulum
d. Protein and lipid glycosylation  Golgi Apparatus
e. Cellular respiration to produce ATP  Mitochondria
f. Protein degradation  Lysosome
g. Regulating cell division  centriole
h. Migration of cells  microtubule
27. The nature of enzymes is enzymes can lower the activation energy
28. A major difference between the genetic data of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is
that duplex DNA is circular
29. A third-year student performed an experiment to know the effect of chemical agent
for cell death in specific tissues from the animal laboratory. From the microscopic
appearance, he found that the cytoplasmic was swelled (oncosis) and rupture of the
plasma membrane. What is the correct type of cell death for case above? Necrosis
30. The ability of cells to turn ON ( activate ) or to turn OFF ( repress ) the expression of
particular genes as a response to exogenous or endogenous signal is essential for cell
establishment. Which of the following event is affected by condition above? All are
correct; maintain cellular activities, cell’s growth, cell’s differentiation/cell fate,
response to environtment stresses
31. A third-year student performed an experiment to know the effect of chemical agent
for cell death in specific tissues from the animal laboratory. From the microscopic
appearance, he found that the cytoplasmic was swelled (oncosis) and rupture of the
plasma membrane. What is the most appropriate characteristic for the type of cell
death above? Moderate chromatin condensation
32. If ACAGTCGAT the complementary (non-coding) strand will be: TGTCAGCTA
33. The group of monosaccharides is glucose
34. Carbohydrates are compounds that consist of glucose
35. The group of monosaccharides are glycogen
 36. The enzyme’s functions: Topoisomerase, to help elongation in lagging and leading
strands: False
37. Where is the formation of glycogen or glikogenesis on carbohydrate metabolism?
Liver and muscle
38. The enzyme’s function: Primase, to open DNA double helix: False
39. Cells have defense mechanism from imbalance condition such as prevent passage of
water and ions. It allows the cells to maintain a higher concentration of sodium ion
out the outside of the cell. Besides this example, cells should keep the balance of
protein production, extracellular environment, and others. What is the most
appropriate term for condition above? Cellular homeostasis
40. The enzyme’s function: DNA Ligase, to connect DNA at the Okazaki fragment: True
41. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules: pick up specific amino acids and take them to
ribosome
42. A dissacharide composed of two glucose molecules are maltose
43. In the human body, it consists of billion cells with many types of cells. For example,
liver organ. The new study found that a healthy human has 240 billion cells. Each
hepatocyte (liver cell) has organelles with specific physiological function such as:
a. Protein synthesizing
b. Phospolipid, cholesterol, and steroid metabolism
c. Transport of polypeptide in micro-vesicle to the Golgi
d. Protein and lipid glycosylation
e. Cellular respiration to produce ATP
f. Protein degradation
g. Regulating cell division
h. Migration of cells
Which of the following statement correct for cells above? Cells have nucleus and
mitochondria
44. The main complex biomolecules are: Vitamin
45. The enzyme’s function: DNA polymerase: to release torsion after DNA opening: False
46. The process of formation of glycogen from glucose and ATP that occurs in the liver
and muscles are glikogenesis