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S4-82
Resumen Summary
Correspondencia: Dra. Aurora de la Peña Díaz. Departamento de Farmacología. Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”
(INCICH, Juan Badiano Núm. 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080. México, D.F.). Teléfono 55 73 29 11, ext. 1317.
E-mail: aurorade2002@yahoo.com
www.archcardiolmex.org.mx
Regulación antitrombótica por la fibrinólisis S4-85
t-PA
proMMPs rrollo de órganos e inciden en la actividad de
PAI u-PA otras proteínas como el factor de necrosis tumo-
+ ral alfa (TNF-α), factores de crecimiento y sus
receptores, al plasminógeno y sus activadores, y
Plasminógeno Plasmina MMPs
la endotelina. Por lo tanto, su actividad se refle-
ja, entre muchas otras en la hemorreología, ate-
Lp(a)
a2-AP TIMP rosclerosis,54 inestabilidad y ruptura de la placa
ateromatosa.55
Lisis MEC
Lisis En la Figura 1 se muestra un diagrama que rela-
fibrina
ciona la acción de las MMPs con el sistema fi-
Fig. 1. Representación esquemática entre las interacciones potenciales brinolítico.
del sistema fibrinolítico y las metaloproteasas. Modificado de Lijnen HR. Como se muestra en la Figura 1 existen otros
Matriz metalloproteinases and cellular fibrinolytic activity. Biochemistry
(Moscow) 2002; 67: 92-8.
factores que participan en la disminución de la
t-PA, u-PA activadores del plasminógeno, PAI inhibidor de los activadores actividad fibrinolítica56 y en la aterotrombosis57
del plasminógeno, a2-AP alfa2-antiplasmina, MMPs metaloproteasas, TIMP como es la lipoproteína (a)58 y que sus diferen-
inhibidores titulares de las metaloproteasas. Las líneas punteadas repre-
sentan a los inhibidores.
tes fenotipos, los cuales también se han asocia-
do a la enfermedad de Alzheimer y a la demen-
cia de origen vascular.59
vasculares51 que también se asocian a altas con- Actualmente se contempla el estudio de la activi-
centraciones de fibrinógeno y paradójicamente dad de las proteasas extracelulares en la fisiopa-
de t-PA.52,53 tología del cáncer, la inflamación y la aterotrom-
Las metaloproteasas (MMPs) son una familia de bosis. Cobra interés como estrategia de estudio,
endopeptidasas que se sintetizan como zimóge- abordar las posibles interacciones entre las seri-
nos, se activan por acción de otras enzimas como noproteasas y metaloproteasas por sus efectos
la plasmina o por autólisis y fragmentan los com- cooperativos en la vasculatura y por ser blancos
ponentes de la matriz extracelular. Su actividad farmacológicos, estrategia que permitirá modifi-
regula los cambios tisulares incluyendo el desa- car la evolución de diferentes enfermedades.
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