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Seminar on

Management of the Gas Value Chain


Solutions for gas gathering & processing,
large and midscale offshore LNG and mini onshore plants

Subsea Wet Gas Boosting


(Subsea Compression)

Jakarta, 27th November 2012

Rudisham Marjohan / Are Nordahl

A Schlumberger Company
Road Map

OBJECTIVE To create awareness and provide update on advances in


SUBSEA COMPRESSION

AGENDA o Company Overview


o Why SUBSEA Wet Gas BOOSTING
• Drivers
o Subsea Compression Options
o The Evolution of a Subsea Wet Gas Compressor (WGC)
• Development and Design
• Technology, Verification and Qualification
o Gullfaks 2030 Pre-compression Project
• Application of the WGC
o Summary

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Company Overview

► Established 1983 in Norway


► 425 Employees (January 2012)
► Main Office in Sandsli, Bergen Bergen

A Schlumberger Company

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Building For The Future
Horsøy, 2012 • New assembly and test facility
• 20,000 m2
• 2 off 10m deep Subsea Test Docks
• 5 process loops for test and development

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Advance Test Facilities – Subsea Test Dock

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Product Segments

PUMPS & SUBSEA


PROCESSING SYSTEMS
• A complete range of pumps and subsea
processing systems designed for
different well conditions

MULTIPHASE METERING &


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
• Advanced multiphase and wet gas
flow meters for measurement of oil,
gas and water flow rates

SWIVELS & MARINE SYSTEMS

• Fluid transfer systems for FSO, FPSO


• Offshore Cryogenic Transfer
• Subsea Loading Systems

FACILITIES CUSTOMER SERVICES


• 425 + employees and growing & FRIEND
• In-house R&D and manufacturing • Framo Interactive Enabling Diagnostics
• Subsea test dock, test loops • Real-time remote condition monitoring
• New test and assembly facilities • Full project execution capabilities
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Ormen Lange, Norway
Real Scenario - Drivers for subsea gas compression

 Brownfield – Declining pressures


 Tieback to shore: 140 km
 Water depth: 800 m
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Subsea Gas Compression
(Subsea) – A New Dimension
Gas Compression

Why Compression
Natural pressure declines as a field ages. This means that compression
is necessary in order to extract more gas, and get the gas to the host
facility, because when the gas is compressed, it will have enough
pressure for transport to the host/platform/onshore

Where is the best compression Location


The standard solution is compression on a platform or from land.
However, placing the compressor as close to the wellhead as possible
enables production of more gas from the well. This is because the
compressor’s suction pressure will be lower than if the compressor is
installed on the platform – solution: SUBSEA COMPRESSION

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Subsea
99.9%Gas
air,Compression
0.1% water– A=New
WetDimension
Gas!

It sure doesn't
This is feel like 0.1%
terribly wet! liquid
Wish I can share
the lady’s
umbrella

99.9% air, 0.1% water = Wet Gas!


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Subsea Gas Compression
Subsea separation of fluids

By-pass line
Anti-surge
Control

Inlet
Dry Gas
Separator
Unprocessed Compressor Compressed
wellstream outlet

Level
Control

Liquid pump

Recycle line

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Alternative 2 : True Wet Gas Compressor
Direct Compression of Unprocessed Well Stream

Recirculation loop

Wet Gas Compressor

Inlet Outlet
Unprocessed Compressed
Flow mixer/ Flow divider
Slug supressor

Bypass valve

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Pump Derivative - Wet Gas Compressor (WGC)

WGC2000 WGC4000
Demo2000

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The Evolution of a Multiphase Compressor
The Enabler for ‘True Wet Gas’ Compression

 100% liquid – 100% gas


 Mechanical design based on field proven
subsea booster pumps

1987 1990 1994 2000 2010

CR 100 CR 400 CRA WGC 2000 WGC 4000


- 67 Am3/h - 250 Am3/h - 1000 Am3/h - 1400 Am3/h - 6000 Am3/h
- 100 kW - 400 kW - 1,000 kW - 3,600 kW - 5,000 kW

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True Wet Gas Compressor – A Step Change

Dynamic – axial flow compressor


7.7 m

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WGC Internals
The WGC Internals

Upper Electric Motor

Compressor Section

Lower Electric Motor

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True Wet Gas Compressor – Technology

 Dynamic axial flow compressor


 Contra-rotating impellers @ 4500 rpm each
 Derived from helico-axial MPP experience
 0 – 100% GVF (Optimised at 95 -100%)

Kinetic energy (fluid velocity)


is converted to head: H  f ( 2 )

Differential pressure relates to


differential head and P  g  H  mix
fluid density:

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Gullfaks 2030 Pre-Compression Project
Award April 2012
Gullfaks C (Statoil)
Gullfaks • Discovered 1979
C • Prod’n begin Nov 1989
• WGC in 2014
B 217m
A

D
Gullveig E
K F
M

L
G Focus Area:
Gullfaks Sør • IOR
• Current RF:62%
N
• Target RF: 74%
• additional 3 billion std
H Gassled cubic meters targetted.
Skinfaks J
I • Extend production life to
N5 Rimfaks year 2030
Why Use WGC on Gullfaks C?

 When the reservoir pressure falls below a critical level, the WGC will
contribute to maintaining high gas production. The process boost gas
recovery by providing additional compression power

 Compressed gas at the seabed raises pressure in the pipeline. Gas and
liquid are boosted together in the same machine without any need for a
separation system.

 This makes the gas flow faster to the Gullfaks C platform, where it is
processed.

 The wells can therefore continue to produce and more gas can be
brought up from the reservoir than would otherwise be possible.
GF2030 Qualification Activities
Subsea Process Cooler

Key data:
Cooler area
Pressure drop
Height of pipes
No. off pipes
No. off bundles
Material
Footprint
Height
Weight

Subsea WGC4000 Subsea Process Cooler


 2 x WGC systems  Cooler area 349.2 m2
• 2 x 2.5MW HV Motors  Cooling pipes
• 6000 m3/hr, • 33pipes/bundle
• 32 bar dP • 8 bundles
 Design life 20 years  Pressure drop < 1.5 bar
 85 % Polytropic efficiency  Dimensions
 Deployment • Footprint 4.1m x 4.9m
• weight 60t • Height 8m
• 15km tieback at 135m WD • Weight 60 tons
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Qualification and Verification Progress
YEAR QUALIFICATION
2002 Multiphase Fluid testing
2003 ‘Live’ Multiphase testing
2005 Endurance testing
2006/2007 Extreme Conditions testing
2008 High Capacity testing
2010 - 2011 Flow Loop testing, 200 – 400 mmscf @
80 bara & HC Testing

• Performance tests verified by Statoil and


Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
Subsea Multiphase Compression System
Full Scale System Test Facility – Total System Approach
Capacity: 400 MMSCFD
Rating: 140 bar
Cooling: 10 MW
Fluids: Hydrocarbons
& Ideal Fluids

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DEVELOPMENT
Gullfaks 2030 Pre-Compression Project

Structure Dimensions:
Size: 34m x 20m x 12m
Weight: 950 tonnes
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WGC Flexibility
Simplified Process Flow Diagram
Running in Parallel or Series Flow, or running only one WGC

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Summary
Summary

o Compression is needed to extract more gas and move it to the host facility
o The best place to put the compressor is as near as possible to the wellhead
– subsea compression
o Subsea gas compression is an important technology leap for increasing the
recovery rate and lifetime of the gas field
o Subsea wet gas compression system is now qualified and available
• based on field proven technology
• enables extended reach of remote fields
• enables increased recovery of hydrocarbons (IOR)

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Terima kasih!

Rudisham Marjohan
rm@framoeng.asia

WET GAS COMPRESSOR

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