Engineering Graphics and Drawing

Viva question & answers

Q1. What are projection, projector and plane of projection?

Ans. projection is an image or a view. Projectors are the lines drawn from each and every point
of the object. These lines are perpendicular to the plane of projection & parallel to each other.
Plane of projection (POP) is the plane on which image is drawn.

Q.2 Differentiate first and third angle projection.

Ans i.) Object is placed in first and third quadrant in first and third angle projection respectively.
ii.)Object is in between POP and observer in first angle projection, whereas in third angle
projection POP is in between object and observer. iii.)In first angle projection, Plan (Top View)
is below the Elevation (Front View).Right side view is on the left of elevation and Left side view
is on the right of the elevation. iv) In third angle projection , Plan (Top View) is above the
Elevation (Front View).Right side view is on the right of front view (elevation) and Left side
view is on the left of the elevation.

Q3.What is orthographic projection and why it is called so?

Ans. An orthographic projection is called so because projectors drawn from the corners of an
object are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plane of projection(HP or VP)

Q.5 Define point, line, plane & solid.

Ans. Point- it is a geometrical entity which is dimensionless. We cannot give dimension to a

point. It is known as 0-D (zero dimension) entity. Line- a line is shortest distance between two
points. It is a geometrical entity which is 1-D (length only). Plane- it is a geometrical entity
which is 2-D (length x breadth) or have a area only. It has two types 1. Principle plane- HP, VP
& PP (profile plane). orthographic views are drawn on it2. Secondary plane(plane lamina) Solid-
it is a geometrical entity which is 3-D (length x breadth x height) or have a definite volume.

Q.6 What are the types of lines?

Q.8 What is symbol of first angle projection & third angle projection?
9. Normally projection in 1st angle or 3rd angle projection system. Why not in II and and IVth

angle projection systems

10. draw the projection of a point, when point lies in either of four quadrants

11. What do you mean by HT & VT of a line and a plane?

12. What are different types of planes?

13. What is difference between prism and pyramid?

14. What is difference between cone & cylinder?

15. What is difference between frustum of a cone and truncated cone?

16. What are standards specification of drawing board, drawing sheets, and pencils?

17. Define engineering drawing. Why drawing is called universal language of engineers?
Ans1:-Engineering drawing is a graphical language of an engineer to convey one’s ideas most
effectively, easily, conveniently and with high speed.
So Engineering drawing is a starting point of all engineering branches such as Mechanical,
Production, Civil, Electrical, Electronics, Computer science, Chemical etc.
It is spoken, read, and written in its own way. Engineering drawing has its own grammar in terms
of projections, conventional representations, types of lines, abbreviations, symbols and various
geometric constructions.

18. Name different drawing instruments.

Ans2 – Drawing board, drawing sheet, mini-drafter, scale, pencil and sand paper block, cello-
tape, eraser and compass.

19. What are the standard sizes of drawing sheets according to I.S.I. and which is suitable for
drawing work?
Ans3 – The standard size of sheets according to I.S.I. are
A0 (1189 X 841),
A1 (841 X 594),
A2 (594 X 420),
A3 (420 X 297),
A4 (297 X 210) and
A5 (210 X 148).
Drawing sheet of size 594 X 420 i.e. A2 size is generally used by engineering students as it is
very handy and easy for drawing work in class.
20. What is layout of drawing sheet?
Ans : (i) Leave the following margins
1cm on top
1cm on bottom
1cm on right
3cm on left
(i) Make a title block(rectangle) of size 65 mm high and 185 mm width on the right bottom side
for title block, parts list
21. List out the contents of title block.
Ans8 – The title block should contain the following information.
(i) Name of the institution
(ii) Title of drawing
(iii) Name, Branch, section and Roll no. of the student
(iv) Type of scale used
(v) Drawing number
(vi) Type of symbol for the method of projection
22. what are the possible projections of a line?
23. what will be the projection of a line contained in both the planes?
24. what will be the projection of a line contained in VP plane and inclined to hp plane?
25. What will be the projection of a line inclined to hp and vp plane?
26. straight line AB 40mm long makes an angle of 30 degree to the hp. The end a is 10mm above
hp and 15mm infront of vp. Draw front and top view.
27. what are the different methods to find the true length and true inclinations of a straight line?
Ans rotation method
Auxiliary plane method
Co ordinate geometry method
28. draw the projections of a plane perpendicular to vp and inclined to hp.
29. draw the projections of a plane perpendicular to hp and inclined to vp.
30. what is a polyhedra?
31. what do you mean by cutting plane?
32. project the top and front view of a hexagonal prism, of 25mm base edges and 50mm vertical
height, standing on hp and with two of its vertical rectangular faces parallel to vp
33.