should yield reasonably reliable wind

loads for the structure and appurtenances

together.

2. Wind forces on vessels, piping and 2. None of the theoretical or

cable trays located on or attached to the
structure should be calculated according
md
to the provisions of 4. 1 and 4.3 and
:ad
added to the wind forces acting on the
e.
frame in accordance with 4.2.6.
ed
experimental work published to date has
considered the inclusion of random three-
dimensional solidity (e.g., vessels, heat
exchangers, etc.) placed in the
framework. However, it is expected that
the total wind load on equipment will be
less than the sum of the loads on the
individual items due to shielding of, and
by the frame, and also equipment to
equipment shielding.

Thus, the approach taken in 4.2.6 is

:ed the reduction of the total wind load on
equipment by a multiplication factor 11 to
account for this shielding.

4.2.1.2 Force Coefficients for

all Components.
elf
Wind loads for the design of individual
components, cladding and appurtenances
(excluding vessels, piping and cable
trays) should be calculated according.to
j the provisions of ASCE 7. Based on
lal common practice force coefficients and
ns areas for several items are given in Table
4.1.

IT
4.2.2 Frame Load C4.2.2 Frame Load

Design wind forces for the main wind The structure is idealized as two sets
force resisting system for open frame of orthogonal frames. The maximum
structures should be determined by the wind force on each set of frames is
equation: calculated independently.

(4.1a) Note: Cr accounts for the entire structure

in the direction of the wind.

4-5