Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
https://books.google.com
ANNEX LIB.
fibrary of
}lriureton liniuersitu.
(Élisabeth joundation.
º
º
!
--
–==-, *,
º 2. Zºzº,
-
ºf
-
e ----
T H E
E P I G R A M S
M. VAL. MARTIAL,
I N T w E L V E B o o K S;
C O M M E N T:
B Y
5. A M E S E L P H I N S T o A.
T-P-I, E
:----------------→
- * - - - - - - - - - - -- - -
-
. . . . . *. -- -- - - - - - - - -
-
- - -
-
- -
* -- - - - -
•* > . …• . . . ** * * *
1. o N D o N. ::::::::::::::-------. . .
- - - - - -
Printed by BAKER and GALABIN, Ingram-court, Fenchurch-street,
And ſold (Price a GUINEA in Boards) by B. White, Fleet-Street; C. Dilly, Poultry; J. Robsox,
Bond-ſtreet; J. Walter, Charing-croſs; P. Elmsly, Strand; J. Bew, Paternoſter-row ; D. PR ince
and J. Cook, Oxford; J. Deighton, Cambridge ; W. Creech, and J. Dickson, Edinburgh.
M.DCC.LXXXII.
e )********------ —)=========æ№.- ***(
---
*
1
|
P R E F A C E.
PIGRAM, being a poetic inſcription, addreſs, or eſſay, on any ſubjećt; may contain, and muſt,
in ſuch hands as MART I Als; encomium or ſtrićture, remark or hint, anecdote or oddity, deſcrip
tion or deciſion, antiquity or apologue ; poem, of any kind, in miniature: ode, epode; epiſtle, ſatyr;
elegy, epitaph. To theme, as ſhould every compoſition, it adapts the ſtile; exalted or familiar, ſerious
or comic, tender or keen, didactic or deſcriptive.
Every meaſure and ſtanza thus in its power, it catches every ſcene as exhibited ; and paints inſtanta
neous each various character, for the delight or deteſtation of mankind. With the manners, natural or in
cidental, to rank, age, circumſtance, and occaſion ; each paſſion finds here her particular play, each ac
tion her propriety or its oppoſite. - -
While other ſpecies of poetry are reſpectively confined in ſubječt; method; time, place, meaſure, and,
ſo forth; epigram, animated as free, owns but one limit; if more or leſs requiſite to every human labor;
eſſential to this, brevity. Quick as thought, it begins without form, procedes without interruption, tho’
not without order; and flies to its point, which enters head and heart; with unavoidable, as often unex
pećted, power. -
Epigram admitting, in all languages, all meaſures, as well as all ſubjećts; we cannot wonder if a wit,
that has flaſhed on every theme, have adopted every ſpecies of Latin verſification, that could moſt plea
fingly point his morals, and moſt poinantly couch his jokes. Tho' he ſometimes therefore chooſes the Iam
bic ſtanza; to both parts of which, the modern tongues, eſpecially ours, ow their principal meaſures;
and often the Scazontian, when the Muſe would ſeem to halt nearer to proſe, in order perhaps to move
with double majeſty: his favorite meter for gaiety, is doutleſs the Phaleucian (or Phalecian); as, for ſo
lemnity, tenderneſs, every purpoſe; the elegiac diſtic. Neither is pure heroic, as himſelf demonſtrates,
beyond the reach of epigram.
That MART I Almight, in Engliſh, meet like adaptation; every poſſible meaſure, and ſuitable ſtanza,
have been with attention employed : the Iambic, in various fize, ſuſceptible, not onely of the grave and
the grand : its reverſe, however near ; the Trochaic, expreſſive of ſprightly ſtrains ; and the Anapeſtic,
or Dačtylian, differing alſo, but by a ſhort (or weak) ſyllable; if not abſolutely excluding elevated
themes, obviouſly more ſuited to the jovial ſong. But, as all meaſures may prove occaſionally lyric; tho’
our pentameter and hexameter (or five and fix-foot-) Iambic be appropriated to the heroic lyre; the ſhor
ter Iambics, no leſs than the Trochaics, and the Dačtylians or Anapeſtics; admit reſpective muſic; fami
liar to a Britiſh, as were the Latin modulations to a Roman ear. In either language, he that runs, may
read; and he that reads, may ſing.
If thus, in manner, as in matter, MART 1 AL own juſtice attempted him; it will neither be unaccepta
ble to the knowing, nor unavailing to the ignorant; to find (perhaps for the firſt time) in a work compri
fing much above ten thouſand lines of Engliſh verſe; that, on every rime and ſtreſs, as well as (it is ho- -
ped) on every term and phraſe, the reader may ſecurely depend. -
Much of the expreſſion, in every tongue, muſt be common to language, looſe and limited. Not that ei
ther is looſe, without controul; or limited, without freedom. Poetry has queſtionleſs her peculiar ſtile ;
and muſt, from a poet, demand it. She inſiſts, for inſtance, on the undouted privilege of Britiſh liberty,
to employ any word, or aſſemblage of words, either as a noun, or as a verb ; and, far from always hun
a 2. ting
-
-
ÜN- º-- -
20717
iv P R E F A C E.
ting the authority of precedent, is often proud to know none. Nor muſt then, in any (far leſs in our) li
ving language, a term be proſcribed, merely becauſe not to be found in a dictionary, or even becauſe re
probated there. No occaſional repoſitory can contain one half the riches of a living language; or, conſe- º
quently, the whole of a dead. Whoever thinks to count, or confine them; thinks to tame, and to hedge,
the cuckow. All laws, eſpecially of language, have a letter, and a ſpirit. Without the ſoul, hapleſs he,
who ſhall load himſelf or others with the body' Poetry, as all Elegance, loves the leſs common; yet af.
fests not the fingular; prefers (with Horace) the cunning uſe of a well-known word, to the quaint intro
dućtion of an obſolete or unknown : ſtill revering Authority, in the ſecond place ; but, as the teſt of A
nalogy, in the firſt. Where no precedent exiſts, ſhe fears not to form one ; yet uſes not her power of coi
nage, where coin of equal weight may be found. Needleſs therefore, no leſs than improper, formation is
treaſon againſt Analogy; who, miſtreſs of the mint, and harmoniſt of Nature, can as ſoon miſcoin, as
coin in vain.
The ancients, none more than MARTIAL, panted after diſtinétion, as the parent of uſefullneſs; and
uſefullneſs, as the earneſt of immortality. They endevored therefore, ſo to think, ſo to expreſs themſelves,
and ſo to paint their expreſſion; that light ſhould exhibit beauty, and beauty render benefit unavoidable.
Ancient moraliſts indeed, ſacred and profane, cooperated unknowingly, in the reformation of mankind :
nor differed they in aught, more than in the manner. Nature laſhed folly, in folly's own ſtile :
Revelation gave to chaſtiſement, authority by decorum. Diſſimilar inſtruments effected in proportion :
with vices vaniſhed their expoſure. If MART 1 Al, ſo warm a friend of delicacy, apologiſed for ſtile uni
verſal, while deemed indiſpenſable; moral is the certainty, that, reviving at this day, he would not onely
rejoice at the amendment of a ſtill bad enough world; but, with candor, give the glory where due ; that
he would however hold the preſent age leſs excuſable than his own; blinded as it was by inveterate preju
dice, againſt any new light: nor would he perhaps dain even to ſatyriſe thoſe, whom he might ſee negle: /,
great ſalvation. If he did ſo condeſcend, it is preſumable that, finding man, with whatever advantages, man;
tho' a weak, not quite an incorrigible being ; he might be induced to make a complete, corrected, and
arranged, edition of all his ancient works, that a modern world can require ; in the rational belief, that
Antiquity might give Nature weight with ſome, whom he bluſhed to ſee inſenſible to Revelation ; and in
the humble ardor of working again with thoſe, whom he could not but glory to reſemble. Not more new,
than ſimilar to this Edition, in both languages, would perhaps his publication be ; leaving, as it would
at leaſt in the original, nothing to add, reject, or change. In this view, if ſome refuſe be ſwept away,
many antiquities have been reſtored; and the whole ſo endevored in either language, as the Author would
have executed now.
Nothing was either above or beneath the accuracy of the ancients ; particularly, of one, who muſt be
allowed a critic, in letters as in life. He were therefore not revived, were not his expreſſion equal to his i
dea, and his orthography to his expreſſion. His Editor and Verſioniſt have accordingly united here, as e
verywhere, their lights with thoſe of his Commentator; whom MART 1 AL, XI. cxliii. authoriſes to avow
the reddineſs of all three to join the ſtandard of elegant Uſe, or Analogy; and to vindicate, in practice,
thoſe Principles, which the ſaid triumvirate has alone preſumed to ſyſtematiſe". He there expreſsly com
mands his three aſſociates, unawed by Pedantry, to carry, with all convenient ſpeed (tho’ this they have
deferred), the laws they proved ſo juſt, into full execution ; ſhould ſhe even treat Engliſh Analogy, as
ſhe did French, Latin, and Greek; and hurl again, at Orthography, the bolt of Innovation.
Tho' therefore a few tendencies may occur, beſide thoſe vindicated in the above article, towards rende
ring our ſymbols the pictures of our ſounds; little elſe is offered here, than an improvable truth; that
Sound's picture muſt repreſent her, before ſhe be reflexible from it. This is obviouſly the firſt ſtep to wri
ting's ºt
º
* Under the title of The Principles of the Engliſh Language digeſted : or, Engliſh Grammar reduced to Ana
lº y : 1765.
-
--- *
P. R. E. F. A C E. V
ting's firſt beauty, perſpicuity: a beauty, never more happily united with conciſeneſs, than by the prince
of epigrammatiſts. If his perſpicuity have, in ſpite of a jumble, to which the works of ſcarce any other
genius have been liable, ſent MARTIAL thro’ the ſhades of ſo many centuries; it may ſeem the arrogance
of lending light to the ſun, to promiſe Mart 1 AL light from arrangement. But order will fling light on
angels. Curioſity, at length rouſed on the ſubject, proved deſirous of knowing; to how many, or how
few, living ſyſtems; a thouſand conflicting atoms could be raiſed. While Pythagoras (510) diſputed the
inveſtigator with Democritus (512); not onely one, but a round dozen have been found. The latter arch
philoſopher, was grinning at the tranſmigrator; when the poet’s learned Counſel, or commentators,
laughed in their turn at the atomiſt: whom they rendered indeed grave, by demonſtrating Epicurus too
many for him once more. For the talent, as well as taſte of diſorder, they owned MARTIAL endetted,
like Epicurus himſelf, to the laughing ſage; but the merry bard's defiance of all principle, and ſcorn
of any other than ſenſual pleaſure, they muſt aſcribe ſolely to the improver and eclipſer of Democritus.
They carried inveſtigation into example ; and irrefragably inferred, that the foe of all order and princi
ple, could never have written II. I 19; or in their own words, that it was unworthy of him. A little far
ther exertion, of their critical ſagacity; might have ſaved them much labor, of which the world was no
more worthy, than MART I Al ; by evincing, in a few more, every one of his epigrams incompatible
with the ſpirit of anarchy, impiety, immorality, or the groſs gratification of a heavy hour. But ſome
eyes, even of the learned, are not qualified to diſtinguiſh the literal from the figurative; to ſuppoſe one
genius, occaſionally, capable of both ; or to elucidate any author, by every author’s beſt commentator,
himſelf. That our poet may at length enjoy the opportunity of doing himſelf, and his reader; this juſ.
tice; here, the firſt time in ſeventeen centuries, have his works been illuminated by arrangement. Every
book thus and epigram, will not onely exhibit in itſelf every poſſible propriety; but will diffuſe proportiona
ble light, on its nearer and remoter companions. From all will ſo conjunctly and ſeverally beam, that piety,
morality, and love of order, which unvitiated Nature has rendered inſeparable from Senſibility and Rea
ſon.
Next therefore to devotion for the Omnipotent, in his various attributes, however allegorically clo
thed; MARTIALs firſt reverence was paid to the viſible lord of the world, as delegate to the Lord of the
univerſe; whether in the neceſſary ſuperintendance of mankind, or in the protection of individuals. Ap
ter is man to envy, than to eſtimate greatneſs. Envy rankles eaſily into abuſe; and abuſe proves doubly
virulent againſt power, that ventures on its primary duty, the ſyſtem of reformation. Were Domitians
chara&ter pure of certain imputations, from which the zeal of Candor pretends not to clear it; of innova
ting ſeverity would he ſtill be arrained by thoſe, who, themſelves reddy to introduce any darable enormi
ty, are the firſt and the loudeſt to empeach every improvement as new. We now ſee Domitian, the pious, pa
triotic, triumphant, warrior; tho’ unaſſuming, fondeſt of his bloodleſs laurels. We ſee him, not onely,
regaling the people with their favorite exhibitions; but rearing temples of peculiar magnificence, to Ju
piter, Pallas, and Hercules ; but inſtituting, or reviving, to two of thoſe powers, quinquennial celebra
tions: happy to be the champion of the firſt, the child of the ſecond; and that, with the third, his honor
ſhould be united. Nor was his rivalry of Virtues Heroe either affected or romantic. He ranged not, in per
ſon, ſo widely; but centered a more extenſive influence. From Rome he diverged ſo effectual a reformation
of manners, as perhaps none ſince Numa, either predeceſſor or ſucceſſor. That Minerva’s heroe cultivated
every ſcience and art, the remains of his ſtructures, and the pile his poet here revives with new ſymmetry,
will everlaſtingly teſtify. Shall we then continue to regard ſuch ſatyriſts, or hiſtorians, of whatever name or
age; as have, whether thro’ malice or ignorance, palpably exaggerated, often totally created, this empe
ror’s blemiſhes; and labored to loſe, in the cloud themſelves raiſed, the demonſtrable beauties of his cha
raćter Or, ſhall we not at length own his laureat his moſt credible hiſtorian : a title unſhaken (for fact
is immovable) by two compliments (I. Ap. x. xiv.) which cannot be denied alike unworthy of Domitian,
of Trajan, and of MART 1 AL *
Poetry,
º
vi P R E F A C E.
Poetry, or Figure, has always named potentates gods: our poet may plead privilege. To call Domi
tian Jupiter, had been to diſparage his patron ; but that, Jove, in ſpite of his motley mythologic picture,
was ſtill named with reverence, as the father of gods and men; even when allowed the ſon of a ſuperior.
The Greeks however regarded him ſo little, as familiarly to ſwear by his name. The Romans ſwore lightly
by none of their deities: with the three Indigetes, or deified heroes, they continued to uſe ſome freedom.
A choice ſpirit (p. 53, pen.) would, without ſcruple, famiſhriſe, an, originally ſolemn, invocation
of Hercules; as a bruiſer would abbreviate that of Pollux or his temple, ſo an unguarded female would
perhaps adjure Caſtor; thinking, if ſhe thought at all, that the ſexes might fairly divide the brothers.
Fidius", the god of faith, they ſeldom atteſted; more, than his father Jove himſelf; unleſs in caſes, of pro
voked ſolemnity. Head; the heathen left, as by-words of ſeeming property (if not propriety) to Jews,
who could no more change than make a hair of them; but who ever held ineffable, the name of JE Ho
v AH : lives and ſouls, to Chriſtians ; for other purpoſes, than to ſwear by.
Of no ſuch blaſphemy then could either the fire of gods, or ſoverain of men, complain, on the ſubſtitu
tion of names, as would have been in the philoſophic ſenſe (ſo never by MART 1 AL) offered to HIM,
whom Nature pronounced, by another ſublime bard, without or like, or next ; had his name been debaſed
to interchange with that of his creature, tho’ vicegerent: the chaſtiſer of nations, the reformer of man
ners, the reſtorer of order, the rewarder of merit; the father of refinement, and improver of man.
The firſt book thus devoted, as due, to his imperial patron, the next proved naturally ſacred to the ho
nor and entertainment of friends. Never had genius greater, more numerous, or more deſerved. Horace
and Virgil, happy in each other, beamed in no ſuch.conſtellation. With MART 1 AL have come down, as
joint claimants of praiſe; Juvenal, Valerius Flaccus, and Silius; Quintilian, his pupil Pliny, Elian, and
Frontinus. His other honored intimates, the poet has rendered ours. The third object was his own Muſe;
whom he vindicates from aſſailants, and contraſts to rivals. As MART 1 AL was, perhaps, the firſt mora
liſt; he was queſtionleſs the firſt mannerift, of the ancients. The Romans did he eye, and delineate, from º
their origin. The fourth book commences their manners : the former part arranging certain hiſtorical a
necdotes, and incidents; the latter exhibiting characters and characteriſtics. The fifth touches the various
ranks, and pecuniary relations, of life. The ſixth ſhows, in one part, luxury, the poſſible child; but the
natural parent, of beggary; as beggary, of theft; in the other two, rallies the looſeneſs of either ſex.
The ſºventh throws various light, on the convivial manners of the Romans. The eighteth illuſtrates the Sa
turnalian, and Conſanguineal, Feſtivals; in the ſecond part, the Natal and Nuptial ; not unnaturally
followed, in the nineth book,
by the Funeral, Celebrations. To the Saturnalians belong the tenth and ele
weath books; which, in the Hoſpitalities and Carriofables, afford the ampleſt, if conciſeſt, collection,
of what may be conjunctly named Panded, or ſummaries, of Roman Antiquity: the eatables, drinka
bics, wearables, and movables, of the Romans. The twelfth book, confidering diſtic as an extempora
neous performance; has digeſted all MART I Als other two-line epigrams, into an abridgement of the nine
books. Of the three laſt, couching hiſtoric with moral ſentiment, in epigram’s moſt Laconic form ; it may
be obſerved ; that no other is perhaps ſo capable of lending to fugitive matters ſtability; or, of preſer
ving curſory hints, by the ſalt ever ſprinkled upon them. Our tenth and eleventh were indeed the onely
two books, which their Author had collected ; or rather ſeparated from the reſt, as the property of the
Saturnalians. Them alone he is reaſonably ſuppoſed to have titled, or particularly inſcribed. The Exhi
bitions, by whomever compiled, tho’ by none till now arranged; have generally appeared alſo by them
ſelves. Yet many, eſſential to that ſet, were inveterate ſtragglers, in the other books. Nothing therefore,
but intrinſic merit; could have ſaved ſuch a multitude of petty pieces, in ſuch a jumble ; and the world
has been, much more than commonly, ſagacious in deſcrying, and candid in acknowleging, merit ſo diſ
advantageouſly preſented. That world however ſhowed a veneration worthy of herſelf, if not of antiqui
ty; when ſhe drempt not, that MARTIAL could; or drempt, that he could not ; receive any luſter from
arrangement.
arrangement. But, tho' our bard may be allowed, the compiler of his own works; in the chaos, whence
they have emerged: we can no more alledge, that he digeſted them into propriety; than, that he was
inſenſible to the love of order. His imperial, tho' a ſufficient, was not his ſingle patron. Every friend, in
power; was ambitious, of the charaćter. Next to Love, was Friendſhip, our poet's ruling paſſion; and
Gratitude, next to Generoſity, his favorite ſpecies of Juſtice. One he held a natural, the other a det in
curred. When therefore he had got together, fourſcore or a hundred Epigrams; he bundled them up,
and inſcribed them to whatever friend ſeemed moſt, by deſiring, to deſerve them : well knowing, that
ſuch friend would not grudge the trouble, of giving them all the arrangement, they might either require or
admit. Such parcel, ſo far complete, as perhaps all he had ; he unſcrupulouſly called a Book; and ſo his
Editors have hitherto ſuppoſed themſelves bound, by his authority, to call it. The Author doutleſs looked
forward, to that indefinite futurity, which has ever cheared by its very diſtance; when all his Works, .
written and to write, ſhould be recolle&ted into as much order, as the parts of every piece
in itſelf: nor probably leſs imagining, that himſelf ſhould not enjoy the pleaſure ; than that ſeventeen
centuries ſhould roll, before the world ſhould enjoy it.
Moſt poets have fancied they fulfilled their taſk, when they reecchoed the fićtions of each other. MAR
T1A1, by original as inſtantaneous touches, ſets before us the realities of the Romans; in their manners,
cuſtoms, laws, ceremonies; reſpecting every ſcene familiar or ſolemn, from the cradle to the grave : mar
riage, birth, education, purſuit, employment, conduct; entertainments, feſtivals, funerals. Our poet
becomes thus our completeſt, and moſt authentic, as well as moſt pleaſing, antiquary ; ſketching for us,
with the pencil of a Roman, what he ſcans with the eye of a ſtranger. - ---
Horace, above half a century; Perſius, not half ſo long, before MART 1 AL, had painted the manners
of their times; and employed their wit, in the ſervice of morality. In this career was Juvenal, our bard's
highly priſed fellow-laborer; but, like the two former, a ſatyriſt profeſt. Excellent and uſefull, as all
three muſt be allowed; notwithſtanding certain freedoms of ſtile, deemed requiſite in their days; but
from which, unneceſſary in ours, our poet alone of the three, can be (and here is) cleared, without muti
lation - and admirably, not onely in his Odes, as the firſt played about the heart ; none ever played more
admirably round it, than MARTIAL ; or more happily touched every feature, not merely of the Romans,
but of mankind. Man, being indeed compoſed, as of the ſame parts, of the ſame powers and propenſities,
ſtrength and weakneſs, under every economy, and in every age ; virtue and vice being unchangeably the
bliſs and the bane of humanity; like pićtures of old, muſt be like pićtures ſtill ; and ſatyr applicable in
one place or period, can hardly be inadequate in another. Hence are Horace and MARTIAL, often Per
fius and Juvenal, as pointed ſatyriſts of the preſent, as they were of their reſpective times; nay, as de
ſcriptive of modern manners, as Boileau, Pope, or Young.
But, ſmart as is our Cenſor, on every ſpecies of folly; he abhors the imputation of perſonal ſatyr; or
of aught, that reſembles invečtive. Under every name ſatyriſed, he couches, with unfailing adaptation ;
not a perſon, but a charader. As he never attacks an individual, ſo may he be greatly vindicated from the
vulgar charge of trumpeting himſelf. To a delicate ſenſe of reputation, ſo apt to be aſperſed by ignorance
and envy ; or to be infringed, as is every Wit's, by plagiariſin; to the love of poetic juſtice, unexcluded,
if unincited by perſonal concern; to an ardor for the improvement of genius and letters, and often for
complimenting a patron rather than himſelf; muſt be imputed the frequency of apparent egotiſm: tho’
none of the poets, far leſs one ſo jealous and jocoſe as MART 1 AL; has been affraid, occaſionally to own
his honeſt conſciouſneſs; to ſpeak truth, even of himſelf; or to provoke at once Time and Malignance,
by an undouting claim to Immortality.
While he took ſuch pains to ſcan, refine, and vindicate, his intelle&ual and moral powers; it had been
as great an injury to the public, as a defe&t in his ethic ſyſtem, to ſuppreſs feelings or operations, which
he beſt knew to be thoſe, of ingenuity and of virtue. From the ſtudy of himſelf, he became the better
judge of others; and, from the exhibition of the poet, he the more naturally proceded to that of the ora
tor,
-
viii P R E F A C E.
tor, the ſtateſman, the magiſtrate; the ſoldier, the citizen; the ſubjećt, the ſoverain : of the huſband
and wife, the patron and client, the maſter and ſervant; the benefactor and the friend, in public and pri.
vate life. -
Alike then was he enabled and neceſſitated, with whatever regret or indignation, to expoſe the
violators of every character: the ignorant, the affected ; the idle, the effeminate ; the epicure, the
glutton; the drunkard, the debauchee ; the rioter, and the rebel; the unjuſt, the ungenerous; the un
gratefull, the undutifull; the hypocritical, the faithleſs; the adulterer and adultereſs; the lewd, diſſo
lute, and ſhameleſs of every kind.
Into the claſſes of thus analyſed man, (as himſelf ſpeaks,) whether for imitation or abhorrence, is MAR
T 1 AL’s moral ſyſtem here digeſted : that it may anſwer every end of its ingenious as benevolent Author;
*
and that he be no more admired, but with equal delight and advantage,
To MART I A L’s own ſtory, no one, who reads him, can be quite a ſtranger. A heart, ſo ingenuous,
muſt ſcorn idle ſecrets; certain alike to pleaſe, and edify, by expanſion. But, had our poet been an ego
tiſt, we ſhould have known more about his family. Modeſty might have allowed him, to own himſelf the
firſt knowable there; or might have wiſhed worthineſs, of a noted anceſtry. Pride, it is true, would have
precluded either: but MARTIAL was above pride. He mentions however, ſo eaſily and ſo fondly, the
country and the city; where his birth could not be unworthy his breeding ; that we may adore, in his
name, the unfathomable Wiſdom, which hid from his perſpicacious eye, the uncertainty, concerning the
very ſpot, where ever Bilbilis ſtood; to prevail ſeveral centuries, before the works of her immortaliſer
ſhould emerge into new form and luſter; at once in their native, and in a then unexiſting, language.
A city ſhe was, of the Celtiberians, in the Tarraconian Spain ; now the province of Arragon ; fituate on
the Salo, now the Xalon (or Chalon); a river running N. E. into Iberus, now the Ebro ; and famed
of old, for its virtue of tempering iron. The ſituation, however controverted, cannot be diſtant, if at all
diſtinét, from that of the now Calatayud. Nor did the filial Muſe confer Auguſt on Bilbilis. A copper coin
of Tiberius, had exhibited the title. On all Spain had Veſpaſian beſtowed the honors of Latium; as did
*
afterwards Caracalla, citizenſhip of Rome. -
Said to have been educated at Calagurris (now Calahorra), where Quintilian was born ; MARTIAL in his
twenty-firſt year, repaired, like other Geniuſſes, to Rome. Arriving juſt in time to mourn (however fi
lently) Seneca and Lucan; he ſoon attracted and adorned the friendſhip of the eminent perſons, who now
invite, and muſt adorn, ours. Thus having entered the world under Claudius, he ſpent his firſt Roman
years under Nero ; and, unprotećted, thought quietneſs beſt. Galba, Otho, Vitellius, paſſed ſucceſſively
before him. MART 1 AL's patrons aroſe in the Flavian family. Veſpaſian was too frugal, to patroniſe a
poet; but his ſon Titus would never have been the Delight of Mankind, had he too proved inſenſible to the
charms of wit, or def to the voice of poetry. With his Amphitheater and Empire, he left his taſte to Domi
tian ; who firſt taſted all the hardſhip, of ſucceding to ſuch a brother ; yet rivalled him at leaſt in magnifi
cent ſtructures, in public reformation, and in the patronage of the Muſes, peculiarly MART 1 al’s ; who
may be ſtiled Poet Laureat, during the whole of this Emperor's reign.
Imperial taſte, more bounteous to its owner, than to its object; ſet Domitian in glory, and MART 1 Al
at eaſe; the former affording a town-houſe, a pleaſant villa; with every accommodation that could gratify
the donor and donee: the latter making ſuch returns, as the feeling ſoul, and animated Muſe, of a MAR
TIAL, alone could conceive or expreſs. Nor was the Patron ſatisfied, with conferring pecuniary benefits.
To each adequate honor, did the Prince raiſe the Poet : to the rank of Tribune, and dignity of Knight.
Nay, the munificent Soverain crowned his meritorious Laureat, as an equal benefactor to the ſtate, with the
father of three children: a character teeming, in thoſe days of polity; with honor, immunity, and emo
lument.
Tho’
- P. R. E. F. A. C. E. IX
Tho' Nerva's great age left him ſhort opportunity, of emulating his predeceſſor; in the patronage of
the Muſes, whom himſelf had early cultivated; or, in the promotion of that public utility, which he had
ever been ſo ſtudious to advance ; from the pupil of Plutarch, the virtuous as vigorous Trajan, what
might not Moral Wit have expected To that philoſopher, this emperor may have owed many qualities,
worthy even a Pliny’s panegyric: but the love of poetry, muſt have been none of them.; or any temper
for ſmiling on that genius, ſo ardent to do him honor. To both the ſucceſſors of Domitian did there
fore his poet pay occaſional ſalutations, in vain. Diſappointed by one emperor, famed for virtue and
taſte ; and by another, famed for virtue (if ſhe can be) without taſte : many of his honored friends
being dead; particularly Parthenius, ſlain ſoon after his maſter; the patriot-bard conceived a longing to
fee his native land; and to quit a capital, no more commanding his ſtay.
After five and thirty years abſence, he regained the city; where he had commenced, and hoped to
crown, his days. Fallacious proved his idea. The native was no longer, the country of MARTIAL :
changed were mother and ſon, to each other. He taſted not again the joys of his youth : ſhe afforded
not thoſe of his maturity. Ruſticity ſhocked him doubly, when mingled with malignance : even inno
cence grew inſipid, unhightened by refinement. Three years, did his Muſe therefore languiſh ; unin
cited to entertain, where was no appetite; or to beam on a cloud, ſhe could not pierce. Some ſolace
however found the forlorn in his Marcella; whom the widower of Cleopatra, as he had perhaps jocularly
named her, (VI. iii. 53. I. iii. 9, 1o.) appears to have wedded on his return to Spain. After ſo unu
fual an interval, his old friend Priſcus, from Rome ; on a viſit, probably to the poet; makes a new de
mand, which is immediately honored. In a letter, we ſee (p. 130) accompanying the pieces demanded;
the Wit regrets the audience, that uſed to inſpire him; his change of ſituation and of company; hinting
even a wiſh to reviſit the land of elegance, and the queen of taſte. Nor to Rome alone, had he always
been partial. On an excurſion many years before, by the Emilian Way, thro’ the northern towns of |
t
Italy and the Gowned Gaul; from one of which he addreſſes a packet of Epigrams to Rome; he had |
brethed, in a beautifull paſſage, a diſtant half-hope (II. lxxviii. 7) of making his final retreat in thoſe *
parts. But Italy he viſited no more : nor probably ſuſtained the languor he ſo feelingly paints, above
four or five years. Under eight emperors, had he variouſly ſojourned ; who left the ingenious world to
mourn, that he completed but his ſixtieth year.”
Juſtice, thus done to MARTIAL, is next due to his Reader. The latter, ſuppoſed a ſtranger, muſt be ~
introduced. Others need no introdućtion. This, perhaps leſs numerous, claſs, will, benevolently en
joy, whatever may augment it. To inexperience, every ancient muſt be elucidated ; firſt in the vehicle
|
of excellence, his language ; in the various adaptations of ſtile. The manners next, and cuſtoms ; the
polity and laws; the mythology, philoſophy, and religion : the hiſtory in ſhort, enlightened by the |
chronology and geography, of the reſpective ſubjects ; demand ſucceſſive or concomitant explanation. -
--
But our poet, more than any other; poſſibly more, than all the ancients beſide ; by the minuteneſs,
... -
multitude, and keenneſs of his ſparks, kindles all antiquity, as all nature ; and gives the reader ſo many ~ 2.
reſiſtleſs incentives, to pervade with him. No Roman poet, far leſs ours, can be underſtood, not to ſay, -
taſted; without ſome ſmall notion of Greek, as well as Roman ; Egyptian, as Aſiatic, ſtory; above all,
of the mythology, common to Grece and Rome: a ſtudy, commenced in the nurſery; and generally con -
* Domitian was aſſaſſinated in the year 96. Nerva died in 98. In 7 rajan's firſt or ſecond, MARTIAL re
turned to Spain ; where he /ºems to have departed the world, in the year 104.
3. P R E F A C E.
excite. It is impoſſible to converſe long, often, and fondly ; without catching ſome tinčture of the com
pany that delights. The firſt reward of cultivating MARTIAL, was the knowlege of him ; with the una
voidable conſequence of love, eſteem, and veneration. Candor indeed, and Perſeverance, had their per
fºr work; in affording the higheſt human vićtory, that over ones ſelf; in its very pinnacle, the triumph
over Prejudice. Her cloud diſpelled, light poured around. MARTIAL, the imputed foe, emerged the
champion of morality: Domitian, of a monſter, became a man. Nor had Prepoſſeſſion tainted onely
Hiſtory and Criticiſm : Mythology herſelf was found malignant. Her gods and her goddeſſes, her heroes
and her heroines, to the inveſtigator's amazement, ſhe ſeemed, one way or other, to have miſrepreſented.
To ſpeak perhaps more ſafely, her pićtures had been ſo wild, as either to go for nothing; or, far worſe,
to paſs into realities. To her high characters in general, has Juſtice therefore, on weighing their wrongs,
proved ſo benign, as to form almoſt every one of them, more or leſs, new. .
The liberty of man, muſt primarily conſiſt; in the fair, as free, exerciſe of his reaſon. It is the con
ſequential ſyſtem, of whoever may preſume to inveſtigate, to take nothing for granted ; to admit no fact,
without its voucher; real, or rational : no fiétion, without its key ; obvious, or procurable : to allow no
2
precedent or name, as the ſančtion of nonſenſe ; nor ever ſenſe dependant, on any name or precedent : to
hold therefore no literary ſerch, either unimportant or impracticable. He, that ſeeketh, findet} - and to
-
Bim alone, that knocketh, ſhall the door, be opened. But no intricacy can be ſo perplexing, as that, which
hiſtory and fable combine to complicate. Such has been, hitherto the predicament, particularly of the
Golden Flece; and peculiarly, of the Amazons ; whoſe tradition, thro’ every medium of darkneſs, has
made her unreſiſted way, into this age of marvellous light. Of both theſe unbeaten paths, ventures the
Commentator an inveſtigation ; and ſo leaves none of equal importance, or of equal fallacy, behind.
Not that any of the other tracks have been hitherto ſo beaten, as to ſtrike us their light; which, that it
might neither dazzle nor evaporate, has, ever fince its danger of breaking forth, on the revival of lear
ning, been diligently repelled from expoſure ; and, like a Mummy, has MART I Al, ſtill ſafe in his own
falt; been proportionably removed from human ken, by every new coat that wrapped him. Whoever
therefore has the patience to peruſe the enquiry, may happen to find, like the enquirer, his labor not
wholely loſt; and, in ſuch caſe, muſt double the reward of a modern, who has caught at leaſt ſo much
of his archetype, as to exert, with equal ardor, however unequal powers; in the detection of error, the
vindication of innocence, the diffuſion of knowlege, and diſplay of truth.
In this view, he flatters himſelf with having left no alluſion unilluſtrated, no paſſage obſcure, of an
Author, who communicates more life and more literature, more wiſdom and more wit, than any other
of the ancient poets; or perhaps, than they all put together. Yet has not one of thoſe glorious lumina
ries a fonder, a more reverential, or a more ſteddy gazer than him, who has not been more ardent to im
bibe, than to diffuſe the ſpirit of MARTIAL. To render that ſpirit therefore diffuſive, as it is pregnant,
of both light and heat; and MARTIAL, like his friend Mercury, an introdućtor to Fellow-Gods; every
opportunity has been ſeized, with our authors conſent, tho' without his neceſſity; of expanding his
themes, into their various capacity of collateral illumination : of thence diverging, perhaps as copiouſly
as conciſely, in chronological as well as geographical dire&tion, certain momentous articles of ancient,
eſpecially Roman, hiſtory : and of ſo exciting (if not guiding) where not gratifying Curioſity, in the
great delineations, not merely of Grece and Italy; but of Gaul and Spain; of Afric, chiefly Egypt;
and, ſtill more, of Aſia.
Nor will theſe delineations prove, either leſs pleaſing or leſs permanent; that they flow, as if ſponta
neous, from the reſpective ſubjećts ; that they follow the range of mountains, the courſe of rivers, or
the ſweep of ſeas ; which waſh the lands, encloſe the iles, and ſituate occaſionally the greateſt works of
man ; nay, on their happy ſpots, what we call below, the nobleſt works of God. This geography of
Nature, coeval with herſelf, throws ſteddy light on ſucceſſive nations ; but remains independant of hu
IIlan
P. R. E. F. A C E. xi
man tranſience ; and ſo becomes perennial, as the Circles and Poles, by which the world is bounded.
Now Earth, as a Planet, proves a member of the Heavens; and her movement in the Zodiac, renders
fome knowlege of that great circle, indiſpenſable, to whoever would converſe, with either poets or aſ-,
tronomers ; would admire the Wiſdom of Omnipotence, and meaſure the viciſſitudes of time. Chaldea,
mans firſt habitation, muſt have been eldeſt in the ſtudy of the ſtars ; and, over a ſtudy, elſe laborious as .
important, did Mythology (or Allegory) there ſtrow her earlieſt flowers. But Grece formed the ſyſtem,
which Rome was proud to adopt, of thoſe conſtellations and particular ſtars ; which glorious members of
the viſible Creation, and conſequent ornaments of the Celeſtial Globe, MARTIAL ſtarted as game too
important, for his Commentator at leaſt, not to purſue. Earths tranſitory glories have their occaſional
place : Empires, Nations, Cities, Structures, Men; as neceſſarily introduced, or ñaturally introdu
cible. Aétions, Events, and Characters interchange their dire&t or collateral light. Cities; above all,
the Capital of Capitals; forming, in mans chief ſcenes, the moſt exalted fabrics; ariſe, floriſh, or even.
:
fall, the principal objects, of whoever deſires his acquaintance. Countries alſo, by Canals and High
ways, afford him not more convenience ; than they reflect honor and benedićtion, on their reſpective au-,
thors. - - - -
Egypt, by nature and art, land as water, led to the ſtupendous. Next to the Egyptian, were, and
are,) the Roman ſtructures, the glories of Antiquity ; who knows not whether more to redout their,
ſtrength, or to admire their beauty. In the works of ſolid, as uſefull grandeur, Rome has had no rival.
Her roads ſtill carry us thro’ Italy, nay, thro’ ſome forain regions, better than the Apennines or Alps,
the Tiber or the Po; than all the mountains and rivers of the reſpective countries. He therefore, who
opens to us all the Roman Ways, could not but point the principal, whether literal or figurative, to Cu
rioſity's inveſtigation.
While matchleſs were thus Romes imperial works ; a genius, like our Poet's, wiſhed more to trace the
intelle&tual; to ſhow herſelf the depravity of her morals, from the very zenith of her power ; and, to
other or future nations, the brilliance of her wit, more ſtriking when pointed at ſuch depravation. No
part of her manners did he therefore conceal : one fide he expoſed for amendment ; the other for admi
ration. Her errors, all human, required little commentary : her excellence, improved from the Grecian
to the Roman, deſerved a ſyſtematic review. If thus MARTIAL revives a burning and ſhining light, with
the addition of arrangement, in both languages; the Comment cannot be ſuppoſed merely an elucidation
of an Author ſo variouſly luminous ; but has been calculated to fulfil his expanſive deſign of holding a
torch to all the Ancients, peculiarly the Poets; to Univerſal Hiſtory with Univerſal Geography; to Phi
loſophy, Natural, and Moral, as well as to Mythology and Poetry : thoſe enchanting Teachers! who,
ſcarce announcing entertainment, infinuate information.
That therefore every end may be anſwered, of MART I Al at once and his Commentator; not onely
has the Poet accepted arrangement : his Comment has found its particles, however ſeemingly fortuitous,
elicitable into a plan. This the peculiar Index will exhibit in particulars, ſummoned by page, column,
and line; from the reſpective ſituation in the Comment, to the regular place in the ſyſtem. Such Index
will therefore form a Tree (or whatever it may be called) of Ancient Mythology, including doutleſs Poetic
Aftronomy; of the ancient Heroes and Heroines, mythological and hiſtoric : followed by Groops collateral
where not ſucceſſive, of Soverains, Commanders, Philoſophers, and other Geniuſſes; eſpecially ſuch as
prepare, open, or illuminate, the laſt and greateſt Monarchy.
To the Mythologic, Heroic, and Hiſtoric Tree, or Chart, ſuccedes an ample delineation ; that may
be followed. with eaſe, in Nature, in the Claſſics, or on the Map ; of Ancient Geography; in the Seas,
Lakes, Straits, Fountains, Rivers ; Countries, Ilands, Almoſt-ilands, Mountains and Cities ; con
dućted at length, by her own Great Ways, to the Capital of the World. Rom E becomes thus the termi
nating object; not merely in her Situation and Structures; but in her Conſtitution, Feſtivals, Games,
Dreſs, Money, Time, Religion, Law, Cuſtoms, Manners, and Letters.
- b 2 Half
xii P R E F A C E,
While thus the Engliſh MARTIAL is or may be carried into all his effect; nor even the Table omitted,
that adjuſts preſent order to former confuſion; that no jumble may boaſt advantage, which arrangement
cannot give ; a complete, nor yet perhaps quite vulgar Index of the text, is ſubjoined to our Latin Edi
tions. The Engliſh Comment being ſo copious, renders any comment leſs neceſſary to the Latin Mar
tial. Yet he, in his new form, may probably viſit regions, which our language, now in her meridian,
may not have begun to penetrate. To ſuch therefore as may, for whatever cauſe, require onely the Oris
ginal ; a Miniature-Comment, in the few indiſpenſable Notes ; ſo as neither to intrude, nor prove
wanting; finds its place, alſo at the end of the Volume. Thus the Original and Tranſlation, like their
languages, become independant or concomitant; reciprocating or poſſeſſing ſuch ſufficience of light, that
!
Martial may now pour his native ſoul into the mere Engliſh Reader, in a vehicle which threttens per
haps no indignity either to the ſtranger or to our tongue; and ſtand confeſt the moſt valuable Claſſic to
the Latin Scholar; in ſuch Editions, as ancient and modern times may have wiſhed ; but neither had the
ſatisfaction to ſee. -
CONTENTS.
( xiii ) J.*.
C O N T E N T S.
-
B O O K I.
To D O M I T I A N.
P A R T I.
C O N T E N T S.
B O O K. II.
To his F R I E N D S.
CII. To Unicus : modeſt CXVII. On Elians preſent CXXXIſ. Avitus : the contraſt
CIII. — Cirinius : generous CXVIII. To Sparſus : on retreat 1 12 CXXXIII. To the Bilbilitans 125
CIV. — Caſtricus : formidable Io4 CXIX. The Country-journal 113 CXXXIV. For Bilbilis 126.
CV. —— ſufficement CXX. To Quintilian I 14 CXXXV. — — Rome
CVI. To Frontinus: the country lo; CXXI. On Macer : the overſeer CXXXVI. To his Clients 127
CVII. — L. julius : on eaſe CXXII. governor 115 CXXXVII.juvenal: the country
CVIII. — Potitus : on buſtle 1 oë CXXIII. To Inſtantius. 1 16 CXXXVIII. To Marcella I 29
CIX. For Proculus Hoy CXXIV. — Betis : for Inſt. CXXXIX. On her gardens
CX. To Paſłor ; on wealth CXXV. — Trajan: for Palma 117 M. Wal. Martial: to Priſcus 130
CXI. — Melior : on it IoS CXXVI. — Lucius : of Spain CXL. M. W. M. to P. at leiſure 131
CXII. —Norbanus ; abraud Io9 CXXVII. — Licinian : for Sp. 118 CXLI. the hunter
CXIII.-L. Sura : convaleſcent CXXVIII. On birth-places L2 I CXLII. patron
CXIV.-Colin : on life I lo CXXIX. To Manius : magnetic CXLIII. -
—— ſpeculator 132.
CXV. —Martian ; its eſtimate CXXX. — Maternus : commands 122 CXLIV. To Saturu ; for P.
CXVI.-Fronto: ambition I I I CXXXI. –Marius : the charge
C O N T E. N T S.
B O O. K. III.
On his own Writings; and thoſe of his Critics, Rivals, Envier, Detrađors, and Plagiaries.
CONTENTS.
5. ( xvi )
C O N T E N T S.
4. B O O K IV.
P A R T I.
Hiſtorical Anecdotes.
XIX. — the boy and icicle 177 I. To a ſchoolmaſter: terms 189 XXXVIII. To Ceffus: amiable
XX. viper and bear II. — another : vacation 190 XXXIX. — Theftylus ; a wiſh zot
XXI. — in amber III. On Hermes : king of arms XL. On Aulus : the poetic
XXII. — ant, in amber 178 IV. To Taurus : the waverer 191 XLI. — Polytimus: the Pelopian
XXIII. — bee, in amber V. -- Attalus ; the every-thing XLII. — Encolpus’ vow 205
XXIV. — lion and ram VI. On Sabineus : the cool 192 XLIII. paid
XXV. — deſerted ſwallow VII. — Nevolus : the noiſy XLIV. On Earimus’ name
XXVI. — Bacchus’ prieſ? 179 VIII. To Cinna : four glaſſes XLV. — the ſame : ſeaſonable zoö
XXVII. — Miſitius : ſimilar I 8o IX. — Cecilian : ſeven XLVI. — blazonable
XXVIII. The Lingonic Cybelian X. — Matho : ſemitertian 193 XLVII. On Earinus’ hair: offered 207
XXIX. On Fabianus : ſilent 181 XI. — Poſłumus : the rambler XLVIII. To Eſculap. for the ſame
XXX. To Caſtricus : the Theta XII. — Ponticus : the prudent XLIX. On Jupiter and Ganym. 208
XXXI. On Philenis’ vow 182 XIII. the at-all 194 L. — Spendophorus 209
XXXII. — Maro's vow XIV. the fiſher LI. To Charidemus : the free 2 Io
XXXIII. — Mount Weſuvius 183 XV. To Gallicus : the like 195 LII. — Linus : the ſaluter
XXXIV. — the plane of Corduba XVI. On Apollodotus : apt LIII. — Baſus : the buſſers 2I I
XXXV. fragment of Argo 184 XVII. — the ſtately ſage LIV. On Rome: the welcome 213
XXXVI. To a crew of Argonauts XVIII. — Sauſtius and clients 196
XXXVII. Hippod, no horſeman 185 XIX. — Hippocrates
CONTENTS.
-
|
B O O K. V.
on the Manner of the Romant : in the characterſ of patron, client ; borrower, lender ; teſtator, convaleſcent ;
dreamer, catcher; rich-man, poor-man ; cynic, philoſºpher.
Epig.
I. g O Flaccus: on theſportulePage.
214 Epig. + Page. Epig. Page.
XXX. To Rome: the patroneſs LVIII. To Gaurus : the ſhuffler 237
HI. To Matho; its attraćtion XXXI. — Caius : the adviſer 228 LIX. —?ongilian : burned down
III. On Tuccius : its repulſion 215 XXXII. the promiſer LX. — Cecilian ; the price
IV. On the ſportule aboliſhed XXXIII. To Criſpus: the friend LXI. --— a queſtion
v. To Gargilian ; the prudent XXXIV. — Baccara : pining 229 LXII. a return
VI. -— the litigant XXXV. the nee LXIII. For C. a prayer 238
VII. To Fabian: the patron XXXVI. To Sextus: the courtly 230 LXIV. To Nevolus ; no robber
VIII. — Baſus as honorable 216 XXXVII. the client LXV. — high and low
IX. — Gallus : more XXXVIII. wiſe too ſoon LXVI. To Calenus: lowandhigh 239
X. a poſe 217 XXXIX. On Gellius: the builder 231 LXVII.-Scevola: the dilemma
XI. an adjuration XL. To a man of honor LXVIII. — Paternus ; a father 240
XII. To Paulus : the ſelf-denied XLI. — Chereft. not a knight LXIX. — Philomuſus : heir
XIII. — conſul and client 218 XLII. — Calliodorus : not two 232 LXX. — Pontilian: the wanted 241
XIV. To a ſenator and ſaluter 219 XLIII. — no Pylades LXXI. On Numa : the bilker
XV. — After : the affluent 22O XLIV.ToMarcus: turtle and dove233 LXXII. To Polyc.the convaleſcent
XVI. the officious XLV. On Novius: the neighbor LXXIII. — Carinus ; the teſtator
XVII. the ſelf-denied 221 XLVI. — Theleſinus ; rich 234 LXXIV. — Bithyn. the legatee 242
XVIII. To Titullus : the buſtler XLVII. To — the lender LXXV. On Marius : no briber
XIX. — Poſtumus : the loſs 222
XLVIII. the mortgagee LXXVI. To Marianus : baited
XX. — the double bite XLIX. To Phebus : the profferer LXXVII. —oldman: new friend243
XXI. — the canceller 223
L. the preſenter 235 LXXVIII. — Oppian ; a prey
XXII. To Candidus : happy Lſ. To Polycarmur • the like LXXIX. — a bequeather
XXIII. all common LII. — Quintus : the refuſer LXXX. — Gargilian: the baiter
XXIV. non-attendance 224 Ll II. – Cinna : the neuter LXXXI. — Naſidian: dreamer 244
XXV. To Labullus : time loſt LIV.— the ſloven 236 LXXXII. Solid wealth
XXVI. the laſt, and beſt 225 LV. the vindicator LXXXIII. To Neffor: nopoor-man
XXVII. To Mancinus : mercileſs 226 LVI. To Petus : the loſer LXXXIV.-Coſmus; on nocynic 245
XXVIII. – Rufinus; humiliating LVII. the dun LXXXV. — Cheremon: contraſt
XXIX. On Mevius : in gray 227
CONTENTS.
( xviii
O N T
B O O K
P A R T
C O N T E N T S.
B O O K. VII.
On the convivial manners of the Romans : their paraſites, inviters, entertainers ; eating, drinking, feaſing.
XXIII. — king Maximus : a ſong LII. – Nevia: the cook-cutter LXXX. — Somnus : on four more
XXIV. On Ethan : the penitent 322 LIII. — Ruſticus : his advocate LXXXI. -- T. the invitation 344
XXV. To Ligurinus; the reader 323 L!V. — Theopomp. the celeſtial LXXXII. — L. the entertainm. 345
XXVI. the reciter 324 LV. — Publius: bluſhing 335 LXXXIII.-j.C. the bill of fare 347
XXVII. the entertainer LVſ. – After : jealous LXXXIV. On Cecilius’ gºurd 348
XXVIII. To Priſc. the enquirer 325 LVII.-Ovid': on the Nomentan 336 LXXXV. — Zoilus’ feaſt 349
XXIX. — Liber: the liver
C 2 contents.
w B O O. K.
VIII.
P A. R T I.
C O N T E N T S.
B O O K IX.
B O O - K. X.
The Saturnalian Hoſpitalities : preſenting every article M. the table. To the initiatory incenſe and neceſſary fuel
fºccede the products of nature and art ; in the vegetables, whether legumes, or other fruits ; in the animals; 7ua
drupeds, birds, or fiſhes ; in every ſimple or compound, ariſing conſequentially - ſo in all the varieties of milk, egs,
pickles, honey, oil, and wine.
XIV. Aſparagus : from Ravenna 395 LVII. Partridge: ſcarce Auſonian XCIX. Anchovy-pickle.
XV. Shred leeks : ſtrong LVIII. Rail: cheaper, and ſo held
- C. Tunny-pickle
XVI. Headed leek: ; from Aricia LIX Turtle-dove : independant CI. Attic honey
XVII. Scallions: genial LX. Dove : ſacred CII. Sicilian honeycomb. 406
XVIII. Turnips : Romulean LXI. Ringdove : improper . CIII. %. oil
CIV. Seaſoning taffe
XIX. Navews: Amiternian LXII. The cranes : Palamedian 401
XX. Shampinions: not ubiquarian LXIII. The peacoc : Junonian
LXIV. The ſwan : melodious
CV. juce of ;:
XXI. Truffles ; equivocal CVI. Raiſºn-wine: whence
XXII. Hard grape; not uſeleſs 396 LXV. The turkey : Numidian CVII. Pitch-wine: whoſe
XXIII. Olives: of double ſervice LXVI. The gooſe : Capitolian CVIII. Metheglin of what
XXIV. Dates : for the patron LXVII. The duck : her bits CIX. Alban : where
XXV. Codans or Cottams : Syrian LXVIII. Fedfowl : darkling CX. Surrentine : modeſt 4O7
XXVI. The Chian fig : tempered LXIX. The capon : preferable CXI. Maſſic : beyond conſular
XXVII. The quince: to be ſo LXX. The ben : alſo Cybelian 4oz CXII. Setian : whence, and what
XXVIII. Peaches : grafted LXXI. The pullet : acceptable CXIII. Fundam : Opimian
XXIX. Citrons: Grecian or Afric. LXXII. The barbel ; out of element CXIV. Trifoline: ſeventh
XXX. Pine-apples: alarming 397 LXXIII. The lamprey: ſun-ſtruck CXV. Cecubian ; of Amycle
XXXI. Damaſcenes : aperient LXXIV. Turbot : lordly CXVI. Tarentine : of Aulon
XXXII. Sorbs : oppoſite LXXV. Sturgeon : kingly CXVII. Mamertine : mature
XXXIII. Pomgranates and Pippins LXXVI. The raven-fiſh : Nilian CXVIII. Nomentan : Martialian 408
XXXIV. The ſame inverted CXIX. Ceretan : ſelect
LXXVII. The ſea-urchin: a pincher
XXXV. The bare : leader LXXVIII. Purple-fiſh : plaintif 403 CXX. Tarraconian : a challenger
XXXVI. The coney : teacher LXXIX. The gudgeon: commencer CXXI. Spoletine: beyond Falern.
XXXVII. The boar: Diomedean LXXX. Char: rich and poor CXXII. Pelignian : low
xxxVIII. The pig; preferred 398 LXXXI. Pike: a temperer CXXIII. Ma/ilian ; ſervile
XXXIX. The ſtag: whether? LXXXII. Gilt-head : Lucrine CXXIV. Signian ; aſtringent
XL. The doe not gardleſs LXXXIII. The oiffer : greedy CXXV. Egyptian vinegar
XLI. The doe-fawn ; a plaything LXXXIV. Theſhrimp : if not ſquill CXXVI. Ointment and wine 409
XLII. The roe : dependant LXXXV. Sows-udder; luſcious CXXVII. The winter-wreath
XLIII. The wild goat: fierce
CONTENTS.
B O O K. XI.
f
Epig.
g REFATORY º:
Page. Epig. Page. Epig. Page.
LI. The dagger: ſaloed Cl: Lingonic, or Leuconic, ſocks
II. I. Carrioſables: orportables 411 LII. A ſword, a ſickle CII. Circenſian locks
III. Citron-tablets LIII. A hatcher, or battle-ax CIII. Down: Amyclean 424.
IV. Ivory-tablets LIV. Trimming inſtruments CIV. Hay: healthfull
V. Fivefolds : announcers LV. A toothpicker 4.18 CV. The pillow; eſſential
VI. Threefolds: promiſers LVI. An earpicker CVI. Afrieze-counterpane
VII. Witellians: as pleaſing 412 LVII. A back ſcratcher CVII. Coverlets : ſiſterly
VIII. leſs ſo LVIII. A hair-pin CVIII Grogram frieze: whence
IX. Wellum-tablets: commodious LIX. A pate-comb CIX. Embroidered furniture
X. Paper-pocketbook: elegant LX. Sope: Teutonic CX. Guſtatories: not female
XI. Miffive-paper: ſhameleſs LXI. Mattiac b. momentous C XI Citron: beyond gold 425
XII. Book-caſe : preſervative LX11. Dentifrice: for whom SXII. Maple: underſtanding
XIII. Book-board: ; alſo fencers LXIII. Myrobalan: at whom 419 CXIII. Elephant-ſupporters
XIV. Pencaſe: weightier care LXIV. Saltpeter: whence CXIV Table-frieze: for whom
XV. Writing-reeds : Memphian 413 LXV. Balſam or balm. whoſe CXV. Spunge: when kind
XVI. Standiſh : for the boy LXVI. Lotion : precautious CXVI. Inlaid platters : for what
XVII. Chamber-lamp : truſty LXVII. Stomacher: expedient CXVII. Shampinionary: ſprout.
XVIII. Candle: her handmaid LXVI, i. 7 ucker: friendly CXVIII. A Cumean platter
XIX. Manymatch-lamp : conven. LXIX. Neckatee: happy | CXIX. Aretine ware 426
XX. Wax-taper: ſubſidiary LXX. Girdle: variable CXX. Baſrauda: Britannic
XXI. Corinthian candleſ?ic LXXI. An Apron 42O CXX. Panacian ºve/r/
XXII. Wooden candleſtic LXXII. A Cap CXXII. Snow-cullander
XXIII. Horn-lantern: ſnug 4.14 LXXIII. A Muffer CXXIII. Snow-ſerce
XXIV. Bladder-lanterm : next LXXIV. Cilician ſºcks CXXV. A ſnow-flagon
XXV. irº. }
XXVI. Ivory-coffer: for what LXXV. Slipp. from what ſerv.
LXXVI. Rings : chains
CXXV. Snows : pervaded
CXXVI. — —not for ſmoke
XXVII. Tallies: in luck LXXVII. Ring-caſe: enſurer CXXVI. Pitcherlings 427
XXVIII. Dice : leſs numerous LXXVIII. The gown: Latian CXXVIII. An earthen pitcher
XXIX. The dice-box : awfull LXXIX. The Sportules dear 421 CXXIX. Beakers : for three
XXX. Playing-tables LXXX. Endromis: not vulgar CXXX. Patinian cups
XXXI. Drafts or Cheſ; 415 LXXXI. Patavinian Tunics CXXXI. Saguntine cups
XXXII. Nuts : dangerous LXXXII. Supping-garments CXXXII. Surrentine cups
XXXIII. Coit or Quoit : no leſs LXXXIII. Syntheſis, or revel-v. CXXXIII. Stadded cups
XXXIV. Hoop: doubly pleaſing LXXXIV. The hooded mantle CXXXIV. Anteek gobblets
XXXV. jinglered LXXXV. Liburnian cowls CXXXV. Pial ſculptured 428
XXXVI. Trigonal (hand-) ball LXXXVI. Frieze-cloke: light CXXXVI. A coſmetic flaſ.
XXXVII. Harpaſt or catch-ball LXXXVII. The lether-cloke 422 CXXXVII. A glaſ;-cloud
XXXVIII. Bellows, or 'wind-b. LXXXVII". — gabardine CXXXVIII. Glaſs-gobblets
XXXIX. Paganic, or ruſtic, b. 416 LXXXIX. White Overalls
CXXXIX. Glaſſ-cup,
XL. The bath-bell XC. Crimſon Overally CXL. Cryſtallimes: affraid of fear
XLI. — ballances XCI. Betic Overall CXLI. Myrrhines: fragrant
XLII — oil-horn XCI). Amethyſłine wool CXLII. Earthen ſlipper
XLIII. — rinoceros-born XCI'ſ. White wool; ; three CXLIII. Silver-ligules not lingule 429
XLIV. — lether-cap XCIV. Wyrian wools : for whom CXLIV.Cockler: why notºggler p
XLV. — feſh-bruſh XCV.
~
Pollentime wool; ſable 423 CXLV. A medicine-cheft
XLVI. — umbrella XCVI. —------- for whom CXLVI. Fivefoot. no jobber
~
XLVII. — braud-brim 4.1% XCVII. Canuſian, dark CXLVII. The laſh: no joker
XLVIII. Hunting-ſpears XCV II. —red CXLVIII. Rod: Promethean
XLIX. The hunting-ruck XCIX. Peacoc-bed CXLIX. Whip ; vain for ſome
L. cinctured ſword C. A Sigma-couch
CL. Cowtail-ſwitch : potent
CLI.
C O N T E N T S. xxiii
CLI. The peacoc-fiflap 43o CLXXV. Viâory - whoſe 433 CXCVIII. An Affurian: ambler
CLII. The beeſom, or broom CLXXVI, Pallas: without Egis CXCIX. Horſe furniture 436
CLIII. The ſcrip ; of the cynic CLXXVII. Hercules, and the ſnakes CC. Pigmy-mules -
CLIV. The rattle: for a ſqualler CLXXVIII. in clay CCI. The Gallican lap-dog
CLV. The Cymbal : for Cybele CLXXIX. Saurocłonos : in ačt CCII. The tumbler: diſintereſted
CLVI. Pipe: her compoſition CLXXX. Brutus’ pigmy CCIII. The hawk : not ſo
CLVII. Flute : her blower CLXXXI. Hyacinth, painted CCIV. The parrot : loyal
CLVIII. Harp, or Lyre: Orphean CLXXXII. Danae, painted CCV. The magpy : as clear
CLIX. yet expelled 431 CLXXXIII. Europa, painted 434 CCVI. The raven ; a ſaluter
CLX. The bow : kind ſubſtitute CLXXXIV. Leander, in marble CCVII. The nightingale: Philom.437
CLXI. Frogmouſe-fight : Meonian CLXXXV. Hermaph. in marble CCVIII. A cage : for a rambler
CLXII. Homer: in vellum CLXXXVI. A Germanic maſk CC; X. The purveyor : two queſt.
CLXIII. Wirgil’s gnat CLXXXVII. A deformed figure CCX: Bird-catching reeds, or twigſ
CLXIV. frontiſpice CLXXXVIII. A dwarf CCXI. A Rhodian cake
CLXV. Ovid's Metamorphoſes CLXXXIX. The targuet CCXII. Priapus : munchable
CLXVI. Propertius : inſpired CXC. The fool, or zany CCXIII. The hog : fatted
CLXVII. Tibullus ; aſpiring 432 CXCI. The Ceſius 435 CCXIV. The ſauſage : a gladder
CLXVIII. Catullus : the endetter CXCII. Cytherean CCXV. The rams head 4.38
CLXIX. Lucan : a poet CXCIII.2%ung comedians: not univ. CCXVI. The bullocs heart
CLXX. Thais : not Glycera CXCIV. The comé for papyrus CCXVII. The cook : qualified
CLXXI. Tully, fellow-traveller! CXCV. The ſecretary : flying CCXVliſ. The gridiron, and ſpit
CLXXII. Livy : enormous CXCVI. The wreſtler: wriggl. CCXX. The confect. and ſervant
CLXXIII. Salluff - greater CXCVII. The ape: no marmoſet CCXX. Breakfaſt; and the baker
CLXXIV. Water-verſes : for ſwim.
C O N T E N T S.
B O O. K. XII.
VII. – Lauſus : a good book XXXIII. — the cobbler and fuller LIX. To Catian : on the blue driver
VIII. On diffics : ſhort and long XXXIV. – Eutrapelus: the barber LX. — Levinus : the upſtart
IX. To a volume : for Rome XXXV. — a various trimmer LXI. — Dedalus ; repreſented 447
X. — Pontilian : no preſents XXXVI. To Olus : particolored LXII. On a match of gladiators *
XI. — Tucca : none XXXVII. On Diaulus : the clinic 444 LXIII. — little Lout ; a tear
XII. — Claſſicus : bards cunning XXXVIII. — Dočfor Diſmal LXIV. — Fannius : ſafe
XIII. On Paulus : the purchaſer 441 XXXIX. — Doctor Tilter LXV. — Africanus : poor
XIV. To Fidentinus : the acquirer XL. — Doctor Herod LXVI. To Emilianus : not enriched
XV. — Celer: the ſpouter XLI. To Cotta - the bag-bearer LXVII. To angry friends: prudent
XVI. — Velox : conciſe XLII. — the finic LXVIII. — Autur ; economy
XVII. — Varus : witty and wiſe XLIII. To Matho: the fine ſayer LXIX. To Paulus ; his anteeks 448
XVIII. — Mamercus ; alſo prudent XLIV. —Helius: the huſhmonger LXX. — Cecil, the ſummer-pond
XIX. On Picens: the leaf-turner XLV. — Maxim. his plea good 445 LXXI. - Garricus : his det
XX. To Lelius : the carper XLVI. On a hoarſe harmoniſł LXXII.- Sextºr: pepper-merch.
XXI. — a pettifogging pecſter 442 XLVII. To a muffed ſpeaker LXXIII. On Diodore : the gouty
XXII. — Bithynicus : ſatisfaction XLVI iſ. On Apollodotus: reddy LXXIV. — the firſt claimant
XXIII. On Cinna : ſlandered XLIX. To Pontilian : no ſaluter LXXV. To Sextus : no dettor
XXIV. To Noſy ; ſharp-ſented L. — Priſcus : no king LXXVI. — Cinna: denied nothing
XXV. On Tongilian's noſe LI. — Softbian: no prince LXXVII. no hypocrite 449.
XXVI. Terentos' contraſt Lll. — Cinna : firred. LXXVIII. On Caffor: the buy-ail
LXXIX.
XX1W C O N T E N T S.
LXXIX. On Ollur the ſell-all CXXVI. To another favorite CLXXIII. B. water-drinkcr 461
LXXX. — Linus : no borrower CXXVII. Phebus : on a funnel CLXXIV. B. in gold and glaſs
LXXXI. To a friend: a bluſh CXXVIII. ſelf-ſatisfied CLXXV. An adultereſ, robed
LXXXII. — Matho; an advice CXXIX. preſcription CLXXVI. On a eunuc : gowned
LXXXIII. —the buyer bit CXXX. On Philip : on eight CLXXVII. Them. unmarried
LXXXIV. —Linus : the revenue CXXXI. — Oppian : ſallow CLXXVIII. Pol, untouching
LXXXV. — S. egs and apples 450 CXXXII. To Opp. never well CLXXIX. guarding
LXXXVI. — Fauffinus ; a hint CXXXIII. Charinus : not def 456 CLXXX. On Paula; wooing
LXXXVII. — Regulus: a proffer CXXXIV. Papilus: ſnuf-taker CLXXXI. old and young 462
LXXXVIII. —Lupus : a caution CXXXV. Tucca: the Coſmetic CLXXXII. and the mute
LXXXIX. — Maro: promiſing CXXXVI. Neffor: whiſperer CLXXXIII. P. the dilemma
XC. — Gaurus : gifts, what CXXXVII. Sabid. unbeloved CLXXXIV. 2, the undeniable
XCI. — Softbian: the houſeletter CXXXVIII. P. condeſcending CLXXXV. Gellia: the ſolution
XQII. — Catullus: unproving CXXXIX. Hermus: humane CLXXXVI. —one gallant
XCIII. On Labienus: unrepaid 451 CXL. To Macer: unringed CLXXXVII. Gal. the demand
XCIV. — Marius : the joker CXLI. Zoilus : phyſiognomiſed 457 CLXXXVIII. Gellius ; earning
XCV. --Criſpus: his heir CXLII. not vicious CLXXXIX. After: in no hurry 463
XCVI. Emil. no abraud-ſupper CXLIII. — relieved CXC. To a pair on a par
XCVII. Philo: no home-ſupper CXLIV. — unſavory CXCI. On Aper: the archer
XCVIII. Naſica: the inviter CXLV. foul-mouthed CXCII. To Galla : all promiſe
XCIX. Sextus: ſportule-dealer CXLVI. fine-clothed CXCIII. — paradox
C. Gallicus: the mongrel-maker CXLVII. — boren CXCIV. a healing overture
Cl. To Olus ; the diſh-coverer 452 CXLVIII. — unborn CXCV.--an important counſel
CII. Another: the boy-feeder CXLIX. — dedicating 458 CXCVI. —the double return
CíII. To Rufus : the dog-cutter CL. Flaccus : on chin-rubbing CXCVII.- mourning modeſtly 464
CIV. On Aper: frugal CL ſ. To Senia: confronted CXCVIII. To her 8th huſband
CV. —Cariſſan, begowned CL II. On Nevia: ſilent CXCIX. Phileros: improver
CVI. To Cinna : the epicure CLII". To Fauſtus: writing CC. On Chloe; the inſcriber
CVII. — Tucca : the glutton CLIV. — Claudia : no dwarf CCI. To Lycoris : on her Venus
CVIII. On Canus: ſportule-ſlain CLV. On Spatale: no ſpider CCII. — Artemid. the painter
CIX. — Ethon: penitent 453 CLVI. — Thais : no entity CCIII. On the picture of Memor
CX. Cecilians crony CLVII. — Quintus and Thais 459 CCTV — Turnus: his brother
CXI. To Marul. the oil-dropper CLVIII. To Thai: ; undenying CCV. —the buſt of Socrates 465
CXII. Pompon. where eloquent CLIX. on age CCVI. — Phaeton enamelled
CXIII. Calliſłratus : praiſe-all CLX. On Thais and Leucania CCVII. — ſculptured fiſhes
CXIV. On different wine CLXI. To Lelia: no eye CCVIII. —a lizzard engraved
CXV. —various cup CLXII. — Leſbia: golden locks CCLX. To an anteek-maker
CXVI. Why various wine CLXIII. On Fabulla : to Paulus
CCX. — Chione: on her name
CXVII. On Acerra : wronged 454 CLXIV. – Lycoris : the ogler CCXI. On Chione: to Rufus
CXVIII. Poſłumus : promiſer CLXV. friend 460 CCXII. — Paulinus : his riſk
CX1X. Fabullus: honeſt man! CLXVI. —— traveller CCXIII. —Bacchus, Bimater 466
CXX. Caſtellius: premature CLXVII. Philen. half-weeping CCXIV.—Achilla: ; the bruiſer
CXXI. On Munna : the teacher CLXVIII. On Ligeia: her age CCXV. To Emilian ; on Miſyllus
CXXII. Sophronius: the father CLXIX. Afra : her youth CCXVI. On Diffics: the remedy
CXXIII. Codrus : credit-giver CLXX. To another: ſafe unſeen CCXVII. To the Reader: conclu.
CXXIV. On Aſper: the fancier CLXXI. — Manmeia: the buſſer
CXXV. To a favorite 455 CLXXII. —Baſa ; the belier
T A B L E:
-
( , xxv ) * .* *
-
º *
– _ *
-
*
== E: - º … = E - == - - -
-
* * * *
T A *
B º
-
"
L -
."
E : e -
-
-
—-mºmºmºmºsºm
- B O O K. I.
P A R T I.
- - e
Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. " .
Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig- |Epig. Spect.Epig. Epig. Spect. Epig. Epig. Lib.Epig.
I • -8 I 29 8 39 || 17 1 I | 44 28 20 6, 3
2 5 1 || 3o 9 2 | 18 12 || 45 2O 2I 4. 3
3 5 2 || 3 || 9 21 || 19 13 || 46 -. 29 22 6 13,
4. 5 15 32 9 35 | 20 . 14 || 47 Lib. 5 65 || 23 9 24
5 2 2 || 33 7 55 || 21 Lib. 5 55 24 9 25
6 8 82 || 34 9 4 22 Spect. 16 25 9 65
7. t 5 || 35 8 8o 23 19 P A RT III. 26 9 66
8 7 I 24. 17 27 9 Ioz
7 4 25 18 || 1 9 84
1% 7 5 P A RT II. 26 Lib. 1 23 2 6 4.
I I 7 6 27 I 52 3 6 2 || APPENDIX.
I2 7 7 || 1 Spect. 1 || 28 I 61 4. 9 9 -
13 8 2 || 2 2 29 1 49 5 9 7 || 1 I2 5
14 8 8 || 3 3 || 30 I 7 || 6 9 8o 2 9 27
15 8 1 1 || 4 4 || 3 || I 15 7 7 59 || 3 8 7o
16 8 15 # 7 || 32 I 1 os 8 8 24 || 4 I I 2
l 8 2I - 21 || 33 2 75 9 2 91 5 I2 6
: 8 26 || 7 Lib. 8 3o 34 . Spea: io || 16 2 92 || 6 Io 28
19 8 65 || 8 1o 25 || 35 Lib. 8 55 || 11 4 27 || 7 IO 6
20 8 4 || 9 I1 34 || 36 4 35 | 12 5 19 || 8 1o 7
2. 8 5o 10 Spect. 23 || 37 4 74 || 13 6 io || 9 io 34 ** *
22 8 54 || 1 || 15 38 Spect. 3o | 1.4 9 19 || Io 1o 72 . . . "
23 9 92 || 12 27 | 39 Lib. 5 31 || 1 ; 6 83 || 1 | I I S -
24 5 3 || 13 6 || 4o 9 39 || 16 8 32 || 12 I i 6 - •. "
25 5 7 || 14 - A 5 || 41 Spect. 24 || 17 9 32 || 13 12 8 - º
26 6 8o 15 9 || 42 25 | 18 4 3o || 14 12 15 º •
27 7 60 | 16 22 || 43 26 || 19 I 9o 15 II 4. º
28 8 36
B O O K II.
I 2 5 | 16 5 11 || 3 || 1o 3o 46 12 34 || 61 11 58 -
2 I 9 || 17 5 12 || 32 3 2 || 47 1o 47 || 62 7 lo
3 1 40 | 18 6 21 || 33 4 lo || 48 4 49 || 63 4 29
4. 2 93 || 19 7 49 || 34 a 26 || 49 8 56 || 64 6 58
5 I 1 12 || 20 7 14 || 35 io 5 1 || 5o 1 77 || 65 7 96 *
6 1 13 || 2 I 6 47 36 5 71 || 51 1i 81 | 66 9 59
7 1 83 22 11 1 || 37 4 57 || 52 9 91 || 67 9 61 •
3 7 3o 23 12 11 38 3 58 || 53 4 14 | 68 7 92
lo
9 6I 38 25
45
24 5
4
6 || 39
-45 | 40
3
3
47 || 54
5 || 55 87 62
66 ||| 70
69 7
7
43
44
i
iI 5 59 || 26 8 28 || 41 6 1 || 56 I1 49 || 71 19 44
I2 7 35 | 27 9 5o 42 4 64 || 57 I 5o || 72 6 z;
13 * 8 78 || 28 4 87 || 43 7 16 || 58 7 83 || 73 7 79
14 9 43 || 29 7 25 || 44 5 20 || 59 1o 19 || 74 9 46
15 1 8 || 3o 7 88 I 45 , , i 16 l 60 5 8o 75 IQ 12
d 76 - |
zxvi A D J U S T I N G T A B L E.
-
Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. - Ord. vulg. Ord, vulg. Ord. vulg.
Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig.
76 3 I 90 4 83 |104 7 41 I 18 12 57 132 1o 96
77 3 4. 9t 6 82 |195 6 43 i 19 4. 9o 133 io 1 of
78 4. 25 92 1i 8o loé 1o 58 12C 2 9o 134. 1o 104
79 Io
93 93 6 -27 || 1 o'7 1 loš i2I 1o 17 135 I2 3
8o 9 1 Oo 94. 4. 5 || 108 1o 7o 122 1o 78 136 12 68
8i IO 8 73 137 I 2 18
23 95 . 3 38 io9 1 71 123
82 lo 32 96 5 : 5 || Io 9 23 I 24 12 99 138 I2 2I
97 8 || 1 1 I 8 38
lo
8
73
72 98
4.
7 98 || 1 12 9 85 126
125 I2
4.
9
55
139
14o
12
I2
31
I
|
87 99 7 5o 113 7 46 127 1 5o I4 I 12 14
55 loo . 7 51 || 1 14 4 54 128 1 62 142 12 4.
to I 9 I I 15 6 7o 129 Io 20
: i o2
io9
B
12
8
44 || 16
18 [117
O O
1
12
K
56
24
13o
131
III.
Io
1o
37
92
43
| 44
12
12
93
62
17 Io - 9 || 33 6 64 49 I1 94 6 7 67
18 1 116 || 34 6 65 5o 5 53 § 7 11
19 4 77 || 35 12 95 5I 4 33 67 1o 33
2O 8 61 || 36 I 3o 52 i I 107 68 7 71
2 I 9 98 || 37 I 53 53 6 14 69 1O 3
22 5 13 || 38 I 54 54 7 84 7o I 18
23 3 95 || 39 1 73 55 no 2i 71 5 16
24. 1o 79 || 4o I 67 56 7 45 72 5 62
25 1o 8o || 41 io loo
57 7 24 no 2
73
26 2 71 || 42 12 63 58 4. 6 74 8 3
27 1 43 || 43 1I 95 59 6 6o 75 IO 4.
: 28 9 51 || 44 7 23 6o 11 91 76 2 86
29 2 77 || 45 5 28 61 8 69 77 Io l
3o 3 69 || 46 1o 5 62 5 to 78 11 1 og
31 12 61 || 47 11 Io9
63 1 36 79 4 91
32 5 60 | 48 5 73 64 11 17
B O O K IV. P A R T I.
2I 4 59 || 41 1o 89 15 8 76 9 93
22 6 15 || 42 9 44 16 5 21
7 86
º 23 4 32 || 43 9 45 17 5 51 9 Io:
24 9 72 || 44 i 1 IO 18 2 74
6
8 46
19 9 95 7 28
: ; , . P A RT II. 2O 5 9
8 63
27 3 91 || 1 9 69 2i 1o 77 12 85
28 8 75 2 1o 62 , 22 6 53 I 32
29 12 84 3 5 24 23 1 86 5 48
3o 7 36 l 4 2 64 24 6 66 9 12
3I 9 41 S 2 7 25 6 . 8
32 12 9 6 -
9 13
3 25 26 5 56 9 J4
33 4 44 || 7 1 98 27 8 16 9 17
34 9 62 8 8 7 28 9 99 9 18
35 7 18 || 9 6 35 29 8 52 9 37
36 3 67 || 1 o 4 81 3o 7 63 9 57
37 4 3" | I i 6 19 31 11 85 1I 4o
38 7 37 || 12 2 32
i: 39
40
7
B
3
8
6
40 || 13
73 l 14
36 || 13
O O
7
5
Io
K
99
63
no
32
33
34
V.
9
3
3
74
16
99
7
I. I
12
94
99
59
6o 19 4 26 25 1ſ 2
42
8 9 1 or | 1.4 12 26 2O 4 4o 26 12 ;
9 I log | 15 4 37 21 5 52 4 61
14 27
Io 1o 56 16 4. 79
i ;: 3o
li
12
1o
5
82 || 17
22 || 18
9
8 44
8
22
23
24
*2
2
3
24
43
46
28
29
3o
Io
3
lo - 74
%
i
A D J U S T I N G T A B L E.
Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg.
Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig.
3I 2 3o 42 5 38 || 53 7 42 | 64 2 46
32 lo 16 43 1o II 54 7 32 || 65 4 84
33 Io 14 44 6 1 1 || 55 9 83 66 1 1 Oo
34. 59 45 1 87 56 6 3o 67 1 104
3 91 46 6 5o 57 11 77 | 68 12 53
.# 55 47 3 4o 58 5 82 | 69 3 lo
37 17 48 12 25 59 3 52 7o Iz 4o
38
39
4o
41 i 44.
47
67
25
87
49
5o
51
52
36
B O
6
9
8
8
2
O
zo | 6o
103 || 61
37 62
9 || 63
K.
16 || 23
VI.
6
4
6
4
1o
88
15 || 72
5 | 73
5i
65
71
74
P A R T
58
1o
12
5
9
11
I.
97
56
39
to
24
1 I
37 2 63 :I 2
38
39
#
11
; ::
67 || 26
:5 38
61
PART
i 1
III.
34
i 4o
4. I
42
43
44
45
46
11
12
1o
4
6
12
8
78 || 27
32 || 28
86 29
66 || 3o
72 || 31
59 || 32
29 || 33
5
2
9
12
12
1
1
41 ||
36 || 3
58 || 4
35 |
42 || 6
2 5 ||
97 || 8
2
7
3
5
5
8
12
4
2.
55
17
29
81
49
20
4I
34 2 83 9 Io 39
P A R T II. 35 3. 85 io 3 32
I 9 71 || 36 ° 2 6o | I t In 20
2 12 Ico || 37 4. 7 | 12 I I I
3 2 89 || 38 7 13 13 2 26
4. 6 55 || 39 9 22 | 1.4 9 63
5 2 I 2 4o 3 I 1 15 I2 22
6 2 Io 41 a 85 | 16 2 33
7 2 22 || 42 8 31 || 17 1O 22
8 2 23 || 43 9 67 || 18 6 4o
9 2 72 || 44 3 7o 19 7 12
1O 2 67 || 45 I 74 20 3 42
i I 5 58 || 46 8 35 | 21 3 3
i 2- 1 78 || 47 8 43 22 1I 1 of
13 4 39 || 48 4 16 || 23 2 66
14 7 33 || 49 2 4 || 24 I 88
15 6 42 5o 2 17 || 25 5 4
16 5 49 || 5 || 4 7o 26 4 88 t io2
: 17 io 83 || 52 1 58 27 4. 4. I ol
18 6 57 || 53 1I lo I 28 6 93 I O2
GO
I
: 19
2O
2 I
12
6
3
45 || 54
74 || 55
43 || 56
aſſº 3
5 : 31
29
3o
3
6
5
65
34
46
:| 22 3 74 ſ 57 8 12 32 1 I 9
B O O K VII.
lo I of 13 2 69 || 25 3 44 || 37 7 47
42 14 12 83 || 26 3 45 || 38 12 88
44 I5 5 5o 27 3 5o 39 11 97
75 16 5 44 || 28 9 78 || 4o 8 14
17 1 28 29 8 77 || 41 8 68
I5 18 7 85 3o 9 73 || 42 9 86
2O
9 3 27 || 3 | 7 20 || 43 3 6o :
i i 2O 6 5 | 32 9 49 || 4 + i 2 i
I I 2I 11 36 || 33 12 48 || 45 8 67
14 22 2 19 || 34 1 44 46 2 37
27 23 2 18 35 3 12 || 47 7 19
2 I
24 12 77 36 4 78 I 48 3 17
d 2
-
XXV111 A D J U S T I N G T A B L E.
Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg... . Ord. vulg.
Epig. Lib. Epig, Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. EPig. Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig.
I 4 69 66 1 27 || 71 8 6 || 76 8 45 || 81 5 78
62 1o 36 || 67 5 7o || 72 2 59 || 77 4 17 | 82 Io 48
63 6 86 | 68 6 78 || 73 5 64 || 78 1 69 || 85 1 53
64 9 88 || 69 6 89 || 74 9 94 || 79 i loy | 84 11 32
65 1 12 || 70 io 49 || 75 11 37 || 8o 1 72 || 85 3 82
! - B O O K VIII. . P A R T I.
1. i i 7 I lo 1o 94 || 19 4 46 || 4 1o 87 || 13. 3, 20
2 5 3o I I I 1o- 29 zo. 5 84 || 5 . . 12 67 | 1.4 3 64
3 7 31 | 12 7 52 || 2 | 9 55 || 6 9 53 || 15 7 68.
4. 4. 2 || 13 8 7 1 || 22 9 56 || 7 9 54 | 16 4 13
5 2 85 14 33 8. lo 24 || 17 11 54
6 4 19 | 15 8 51 P A R T II. 9 12 60 | 18 7 73
7 9 89 || 16 1i 19 l 1o 27 | Io 4. I | 19 Io 35
8 8 41 || 17 4 89 2 11 66 || 1 1 9 4o 20 1o 38
9 7 9o | 18 5 18 3 8 64 || 12. 3 6 || 2n = 4 75
- B O O K IX.
l 9 31 || 9 4 73 || 1 7 6 85 25 6 28 || 33 9 3o
2. 12 52 lo 4 6o 18 5 : 34 || 26 6 29 || 34 !I 14.
3 1o 26 | 1 | 8 57 || 19 5 37 || 27 7 95 || 35 9 29
4. 6 76 12 7 39 zo 1o 61 || 28 6 68 || 36 1o 5o.
5 6 18 || 13. 1o 71 || 2 | 11 92 || 29 1 115 37 Io 53
6 1 37 || 1.4 9 87 22 1 1 oz 3o 1 1 17 || 38. 11 70
7 9 52 | 1.5 9 75 || 23 6 52 || 31 1o 63
8 1 94 | 16 9 77 || 24 I 89 || 32 1o 67
B O O K X.
Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg.
Epig. Lib. XIII. Epig. Lib. XIII. [Epig. Lib. XIII.]Epig. ii. xiii-Fig. Lib. X111. Epig. Lib. XIII.
1 Ep. i 23 Ep. 36 45 Ep. 97 67 Ep. 52 89 EP. 54 || 1 | 1 Ep. 111
2. 2 24. 27 46 iOO 68 62 90 58 || 1 12 I 12
3 3 25 28 || 47 59 69 63 91 IO 1 13 1 13
4. 4 26 23 || 48 69 || 7o 64 92 47 || 1 14- I 14
5 15 27 24 49 5I 71 45 93 3o || 1 15 I 15
6 r2 28 46 5o 61 72 79 94. 31 || 1 16 125
7 1 1 || 29 37 || 5 || 68 || 73 8o 95 32 || 1 17 1 17
8 7 3o 25 || 52 49 || 74. 81 || 96 33 || 1 18 119
9 57 31 29 53 5 75 9I 97 38 || 1 19 1 24.
1O 9 || 32 26 || 54 78 || 76 85 98 4o | 120 I 18
1 I 17 33 42 55 71 77 86 99 I O2 || 12 I 120
12 14 34 43 56 72 78 87 1 OO log I 2.2 12 I
13 13 ſ 35 92 || 57 65 79 88 || 1 o I loé | 123 123
14. 2 I 36 6o 58 76 8o 84 I O2 IoS 124 1 16.
15 18 37 93 59 53 81 89 || 1 of 1ol 125 I 2.2
16 19 38 4I Öo 66 82 90 104 8 126 126
17 34 39 96 61 67 83 82 || 1 oš 6 || 127 127.
18 16 4o 94 62 75 84 83 || 106 1 oë
19 2O 4I 98 63 7o 8; 44 loy 1 of
2O 48 42 99 64 77 86 56 || 1 o'S 108
2I 5o 43 95 || 65 73 || 87 35 | 199 io9
22 22 44. 39 66 74 88 55 # 1 lo 1 1O
B O. O K XI.
Lib. XIV. Lib, XIV. Lib. XIV. Lib. XIV. Lib. XIV. Lib. XIV.
l l 7 8 13 84 19 4I 25 12 31 2O
2 2 8 9 14. 19 2O 42 26 13 32 18
3 3 9 7 15 38 2I 43 27 14 || 33 164:
4. 5 1O lo 16 21 22 44 28 I 5. 34 168
5 4 || 1| I i 17 39 || 23 61 29 16 || 35 169
6 6 I2 37 18 4o 24 62 3o 17 36 46
37
-
A D J U S T 1 N G T A B L E.
Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg.
Epig. Lib. XIV, Fº Lib. XIV. Epig. Lib. XIV, Epig, Lib. XIV.[Epig. Lib. XIV. Epig.
37 Ep. 48 8 Ep. 134 99 Ep. 85 13o Ep. 96 || 161 Ep. 183 | 192
38 - 47 || 69 149 loo 87 1 31 1 o8 || 162 184 193
39 45 7o 15I I on I 59 I 32 . . I O2 163 185 194
4o 163 71 153 || 1 oz 16o I 33 1c3 | 164 286 195
4I 49 72 I 32 I of 16i 134 93 || 165 192 || 196
42 52 73 142 I Q4 162 135 95 166 189 || 197
43 53 74 14o | IoS 146 136 1 io || 167 193 198
44 5o 75 65 || 1 of 147 137 1 12 168 195 || 199
45 5I 76 122 || 1 of 148 138 115 169 194 || zoo
46 28 77 123 Io9 152 I 39 94 || 17o 187 || 201
47 29 78 124 Io9 15o 14o i i I 171 188 h zoz
48 3o 79 1 25 I lo 88 14 I 1 13 || 172 190 || 2:03
49 31 8o 126 1 1i 89 142 I 19 || 173 191 || 294
5o 32 81 143 1 I2 90 143 12o 174 196 || 205
5I 33 82 * 35 I 13 9i I 44 12 I 175 17o | 206
52 34 83 141 I 14 138 I45 78 176 179 || zo.7
53 # 84 128 1 I5 144 146 92 177 177 || 208
54 3 85 139 || 1 16 97 I 47 79 || 178 178 || 209
55 22 86 145 || 1 |7 1 Oi 148 8o || 179 172 2 lo
56 23 87 130 || 1 | 8 I 14 149 55 18o 171 2 i I
57 83 88 136 || 1 19 98 15o 7i 181 173 ſ 212
58 24 || 89 137 12o 99 15t 67 182 175 2 13
59 25 90 131 I2 I I oo 152 82 | 183 18o || 2 14.
6o 26 9i 133 r 22 1 of | 153 81 | 184 181 2 15
61 27 92 154 123 Io 4 154 54 || 185 174 || 2 | 6
62 56 93 155 124. 116 | 155 204 || 186 176 217
63 57 94 156 125 117 156 63 || 187 182 2 18
64 58 95 157 126 1 18 157 64 || 188 2I2 || 2 19
65 59 || 96 158 || 127 1os 158 165 189 2I3 220
66 6o 97 127 i 28 1 oë 1 59 166 190 24 O
: B O O K XII.
Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg.
Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Epig. - *
I 6 87 || 29 12 76 57 8 13 || 85 7 48 || 13 I2 81
2 1 6 || 3o 1 57 || 58 11 39 || 86 5 36 || 1.4 3 49
3 Sp. 31 || 3 || 3 56 59 6 46 || 87 7 15 || 15 4. 86
4 Lib. 9 99 || 32 3 57 || 6o 6 9 || 88 6 79 || 16 12 28.
5 11 18 || 33 3 59 || 6 || Sp. 8 || 89 11 68 || 17 I 29. - -
6 I 17 | 34 7 82 || 62 Sp. 32 || 9o 8 27 || 8 I2 I 2
7 7 8o 35 8 47 || 63 11 15 || 9 | 1i 84 || 19 I2 5!
8 8 29 || 36 4 36 | 64 2 8o || 92 1.2 73 || 20 7 8
9 12 2 || 37 1 31 || 65 12 loſ 93 7 65 || 2 | IO 69
In O 7 2 || 38 l 48. 66 5 81 || 94 2 76 |122 Ioq.
1 1 7 76 || 39 8 74 67 3 37 || 95 • 5 32 |123 15
12 12 46 || 4o 9 97 | 68 12 13 96 12 19 |124
13
14
2
1.
20 || 4t
39 || 42
jo
I
88 ||
1o I 7o
69 12
2
69 || 97
78 98
5
2
47 || 25
79 |129
t;
47
15 1 64 || 43 1o 46 || 7 | 11 loé 99 4 68 || 27
16 I 1 1 1 || 44 I ; 72 io 57 |loo 8 22 128
17 8 20 4 3 18. 73 I 99 || ot 1o 54 |129
18 2 88 : 6 41 || 74 2 I3 || oz 3 23 || 3o
19 8 62 || 47 4 41 || 75 2 3 |Io9 3 94 || 3 ||
2O 1 92 || 48 5 54 || 76 3 61 || o4 12 3o [I32
21 5 33 || 49 5 66 || 77 8 19 |io; 6 24 || 33 l
22 12 79 || 5o 1 1 13 || 78 7 97 || oë 12 64 || 4
23 3 9 || 51 1 82 || 79 3 48 || of 12 41 || 35
24 12 37 || 52 5 57 || 8o 1 76 || o8 1 81 || 36
25 12 89 || 53 1 68 || 8 I 4 76 |log 12 78 || 37
26 I 7o 54 12 Iol | 82 11 69 o 7 58 |138
27 1 41 || 55 2 82 || 83 4 8o || | 1 5 77 || 39
28 11 3-1 56 3 21 | 84 2 38 1112 6 48 liqo
º
-
-
XXX A D J U S T I N G T A B L E.
Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg. Ord. vulg.
Epig. Lib. Epig. Epig. Lib. Epig [Epig. Lib. Epig.[Epig. Lib. Epig|Epig. Lib. Epig.
141 12 54 |157 3 8 || 73 6 69 |189 1o 84 |zo; lo 99
142 11 93 |158 4 12 |174 1 38 |190 12 58 |zoö - 4 47
143 6 91 |159 4 5o |175 2 39 || 9 | 1o 15 |zo? 3 35
144 1 1- 31 || 6o 5 43 |176 1o 52 |192 z 25 |zo.8 3 4. I
145 2 42 |16.1 12 23 1177 12 20 || 93 3 9o |zo9 8 34
146 2 58 |162 5 68 || 78 I1 90 |194 3 54 |* lo 3 34.
147 2 81 163 6 12 |179 Io 69 |195 4 38 |2 i 1 3 97
148 1i 13 |ró4 3 39 || 8o 9 6 |196 Io 95 12 3 78
149 3 29 |165 4 24 |181 io 8 |197 4 58 |2 13 5 72
15o 11 96 |166 4 62 |182 6 6 || 198 9 79 |214 7 56
15I 12 27 | 167 4 65 |183 1 75 |199 1o 43 |z I 5 I 5.1
152 2 9 |168 I2 7 || 84 5 75 |zoo 9 16 |216 1 46
153 11 65 |169 * I or || 85 6 67 |zo I i 1 of 1217 i i 19
154. 8 6o 17o 7 100 || 86 6 9o |zoz 5 4o
155 2 52 |171 1 84 || 87 3 92 |zo.3 ! I lO
156 11 1 oz 1172 5 45 || 88 9 81 lzo4 I I I I
—-mº-m-
To propriety alſo that every part be adjuſted, we ſtill muſt read, Pref. vii. 13. leſ – more ; ix. 11. hoped
— where he hoped — Text, 18. 8. And — Or – 26. 13. crack — clack – 68. 4. bufflers — buffles — 79. 21.
ſages — ages — 93. 3. leave — ſcope — 213. 15. peopled — leprous — 239. 6. years – months – 240. 4. now –
twice – 245.6. from — on — 26o. 14. plaintive — plaint/s/ – 296. pen. dear — coy – 34o. 15. Rhetus – Rhe
cus – 348. 16. Then — Them — 355. I. 396. laſt. Maſſylia — Ma/yla – 38o. 9. 15. ant. pen. Camonus —
Camonius — 456. 4. To — On — 82. 24. dout decide — craft deride — 258. 17. The hundredth Jefferce — One
hundred thouſand — 23. ten thouſand — a million — 87. 6. To ſupper why invite an affuent friend ? — 7 o
ſupper when I aſk my learned friend ? — The couplet, 93.7. That on thy friends — That, eas'd of city-yoke,
and all annoy; One autumn thou indulge to rural joy – The ſtanza, 121. 1 1. Apollodorus – Apollodorus charms the
Nile, Their Naſo proud Pelignians ſound ; Two Seneca's, one Lucan, ſmile On Corduba's mellifluous ground —
The couplet, 137. 17. 1 et thou — ?et, left thou of thy lords correction brook, Or his fell weapon change thy
playfull look — Omitted was the laſt couplet of p. 67. The aged barbel hears the call, And honors it without ap
{. — and that of p. 111. Well the boon may lº content, That my honor'd Elian ſent. If, in fine, it ſhould
e objected, p. 13 1. that the addreſſee is not named, Ep. II. 142. the laſt line may run, Thou, PR is cus,
boomeſ mine ingenuous eaſe.
In the Comment, p. 557. c. ii. 1. 22. His ſhould be Her. — 516. i. z. forbid he in — precluded he – 526.
i. 25. Egeria, who — to whom therefore — Egeria, that exhauſtleſ, ſource of counſel and conſolation; to whom there
fore Among the names of Bacchus, 478. i. 29. was forgot Thyoneus, ſpeaking, like his mother Thyone,
rather tumult than ſacrifice; and, among the infernal floods, the boiling Phlegethon, who ſtill may enter
503. ii. 20. from the Chaldaic dardar dropt, and whence Phlegethon rolls his burning rocks to Erebus. The para
graph 473. i. 3, ought thus to procede — laſt. 4. My life is guarded, tho' my Muſe be gay ; like Ovid's con
traſt: My life is modeſ?, tho' my Muſe will play. One genius is apt to apologiſe for laſhing vice in expoſure;
the other claims at leaſt the imputation of virtue, while wantoning virtue away. Not but that — Laſt of all,
559. ii. 19. Macrobiuſes credibility may ſuffer from a probable interpolation of millia (thouſands); Ioo.ooo
feſterces (our 781 p. 5 ſh;) being, for the occaſion, an honorary not unworthy Auguſtan munificence.
**ś
# *: ;
TABLE
( xxxi )
TA B L E of S U B S C R IB E R S.
IS Grace the Duke of Argyle. James Balmain, Eſquire.
His Grace the Duke of Athol. Sir Joſeph Banks, Bart. Preſident of the R. Society.
is Grace the Duke of Ancaſter. James Barr, A.M. Rećtor of the High Sch. Glaſgow.
The Right Honorable Earl of Abercorn. Thomas Barwel, Eſquire. -
The Right Honorable Lord Ballenden. The Right Honorable Earl of Coventry.
The Right Honorable Lord Beaulieu. The Right Honorable Earl Cornwallis.
The Right Honorable Lord Brudenell. The Right Honorable Earl of Chatham.
The Right Honorable Lord Bagot. The Right Honorable Lord Viſcount Courtenay.
Beauchamp Bagenal, Eſquire, of Carlow. The Right Reverend Lord Biſhop of Chicheſter.
The Honorable George Baillie, of Jerviſwoode. The Right Reverend Lord Biſhop of Carliſle.
Alexander Baillie, of Dalfour, Eſquire. The Right Reverend Lord Biſhop of Cheſter.
Matthew Baillie, of Carnbroe, Eſquire. The Right Honorable Lord Cathcart.
ames Baird, M. D. The Right Honorable Lord Cranſtoun.
illiam Baker, A. M. The Right Honorable Lord Craven.
Andrew Balfour, Eſquire, Advocate. The Right Honorable Lord Clifford of Chudley.
c The
xxxii T A B L E of SU B S C R IB E R S.
The Right Honorable Lord Chedworth. Robert Dreghorn, Eſquire.
The Right Honorable Lord Camden. The Honorable Robert Drummond.
The Right Honorable Henry-Seymour Conway. The Honorable Henry Drummond.
The Right Honorable Lord Frederic Campbell, Lord The Honorable John Drummond.
Rji. of Scotland. Alexander-Monro Drummond, M. D.
The Honorable John Campbell, Lord Stonefield. James Drummond, Eſquire.
Colonel Archibald Campbell. Robert Dryſdale, A. M.
Captain Archibald Campbell. The Honorable George Duff.
Ilay Campbell, Eſquire. - The Honorable Henry Dundas, Lord Advocate for
Mungo Campbell, Eſquire. Scotland. -
Hailes. -
William Farquhar, Eſquire, of Marlborough-ſtreet.
The Honorable David Dalrymple, Lord Weſthall. James Ferguſon, of Pitfour, Eſquire.
Colonel William Dalrymple. Walter Ferguſon, Eſquire, of New Edinburgh.
Francis Daſhwood, Eſquire. The Honorable Thomas Fitzwilliam.
William Daſhwood, Eſquire. Sir William Forbes, of Pitſligo, Baronet.
ames Daſhwood, Eſquire. - -
Arthur Forbes, of Culloden, Eſquire,
}.net,Davidſon, Eſquire, Deputy-Keeper of the Sig
Edinburgh.
Captain Thomas Forreſt, of Edinburgh and New,
Guinea. -
Sir William Murray, of Auchtertyre, Baronet. | The Honorable Sir George-Brydges Rodney, K. B.
James Murray, Eſquire. Gideon Herin de Rogier, Eſquire; from Sweden.
Charles Murray, Eſquire. Mr. Rollaſon, Birmingham.
Donald Murray, Eſquire. The Honorable David Roſs, Lord Ankerville.
Arthur Murphy, Eſquire. George Roſe, Eſquire.
William Roſe, L.L.D.
N.
| Mr. Robert Roy. º
His Grace the Duke of Norfolk. The Reverend Mr. William Rutherford.
His Grace the Duke of Newcaſtle.
His Grace the Duke of Northumberland. S.
The Right Honorable Earl Nugent. - His Grace the Duke of Somerſet. . .
The Right Reverend Lord Biſhop of Norwich, The Right Honorable Earl of Shrewſbury.
The Right Honorable Lord North. The Right Honorable Earl of Saliſbury.
William Niſbet, of Dirleton, Eſquire. The Right Honorable Earl of Strathmore..
The Right. Honorable Earl of Selkirk.
O. The Right Honorable Earl of Sandwich.
The Right Hon. Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer. The Right Honorable Earl Spenſer.
The Right Reverend Lord Biſhop of Oxford. The Right Honorable Lord Wiſcount Stormont.
Alexander Orme, Eſquire, of Edinburgh, The Right Honorable Lord Viſcount Sackville.
The
TA B L E of S U B S C R IB E R S. XXXV
The Right Reverend Lord Biſhop of Saliſbury. William Sutherland, Eſquire, of Lymington,
The Right Reverend Lord Biſhop of St. Davids, William Swanſon, Eſquire, of Edinburgh.
The Right Honorable Lord Saltoun.
The Right Honorable Lord Stourton. - T.
The Right Honorable Lord Saint-John. The Right Honorable Earl of Traquair.
The Right Honorable Lord Sondes. The Right Honorable Lord-Viſcount Townſend.
The Right Honorable Lord Chief Baron Skynner. The Right Honorable Lord Torphichen.
The Right Honorable James Stuart-Mackenzie, Lord The Right Honorable Lord Thurlow, High Chan
Privy-Seal of Scotland. cellor of England.
The Honorable General Henry Saint-John, James Taylor, Eſquire.
The Honorable John Saint-John. Alexander Telfer, of Symington, Eſquire.
The Honorable Alexander Sandilands. Bonnel Thornton, Eſquire.
Iſrael Levin Salomons, Eſquire. Alexander Thomſon, M. D. Margaret-ſtreet,
º Signor Franceſco Saſtres. George Thomſon, of Corſehill, Eſquire.
Arthur Saunders, M. D. Dublin. John Thomſon, Eſquire, Secretary to the Exciſe
Richard Saunders, M. D. S #. Office, Edinburgh.
James Saunders, Eſquire, of Edinburgh. William Tytler, of Woodhouſelee, Eſquire.
Thomas Scardifield, Eſquire. Alexander Tytler, Eſquire, Profeſſor of Civil Hiſ.
Walter Scot, of Harden, Eſquire. tory, Edinburgh.
Hugh Scot, younger, of Harden, Eſquire,
Francis Scot, Eſquire. - U.
John Scot, M. D. Titchfield-ſtreet. – Utoff, Eſquire, of Moſcow.
James Scot, Eſquire, of Forge.
Charles Searle, Eſquire. V.
The Honorable James Seton. The Right Honorable Earl Verney.
William Shard, Eſquire. Harry Verelſt, Eſquire.
The Reverend William Shaw, A. M. 2 copies.
Charles Sheppard, Eſquire, of Paradiſe, Glouceſterſhire. H W.
Richard-Brinſley Sheridan, Eſquire. The Right Honorable Lord Viſcount Weymouth.
The Honorable Mrs. Shirley. -
The Honorable and Right Reverend Lord Biſhop of
John Sinclair, of Ulbſter, Eſquire. Wincheſter.
George Skene, of Skene, Eſquire. The Right Reverend Lord Biſhop of Worceſter.
Thomas Smeaton, Eſquire, of Yorkſhire. The Honorable Horace Walpole.
Robert Smith, Eſquire. Humphrey Waſcot, Eſquire.
Joſeph-Bouchier Smith, Eſquire. Charles Walcot, Eſquire.
Adam Smith, L. L. D. David Walker, Eſquire.
The Reverend John Smith, D. D. Maſter of Caius James Walker, Eſquire, of Lincolns-Inn.
College, Cambridge. The Reverend Robert Walker, A. M.
The Reverend Samuel Smith, D. D. Maſter of Weſt Richard Warren, M.D. and F. R.S. Phyſician in
minſter-School. ordinary to his Majeſty. -
To THE S U B S C R IB E R S.
March 1, 1782. . . .. . .
*... . - - -
. J AM E S E L PHINs to N.
-
-
* * *** * * ,
*
eII. Io. 18. * VIII. ii. 19, 20. g VIII. ii. 13, 14, 15. VI. iii. 61. * VIII. ii. 16, 17.
* Mrs. (MARY) Hewson, the firſt Subſcriber. * Londons. II. vi. 4, p. 524. c. ii. 1. 29. Edin
purch. II. 133. Pref. viii. 19. "I. ii. 3. p. 491. c. i. 1.39. "The Fort H. " II. 134. l. 8.
Pref. viii. 22. P II. 76. 1. 5. * II. 138, 139. Pref. ix. 17.
The
( xxxviii )
T H E
º
*
E P I G R A M S
O F
B O O K I.
To D O M I T I A N.
– mº m -
P A R T I.
E P I S T L E D E D I C A T O R Y.
2 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
But, tho' epigrams, to the ſevereſt and ſublimeſt charaćters, have been ſo
couched, that they ſeem even to have affected licence; in no ſuch wantonneſs
have I indulged this liberal ſpecies of writing. The greater and better part of
the volume being appropriated, SIR, to the majeſty of thy ſacred name; the
whole muſt remember, that none, beſide the religiouſly purified, ought to ap
proach hallowed habitations. Which principle, that my readers may know
the guide of my praćtice, it may be no undue commencement of the work, by
a laconic epigram, to profeſs.
I. To the M U. S. E.
II. To C E S A. R.
III. To the P U B L I c.
YE MATRONs, Boys, and virgins all,
To you my page combines her call.
Whoe'er canſt, with a roguiſh view,
The nakedjeſt alone purſue;
Peruſe what wanton wit thou wilt:
V. To the ſame.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s.
Hail, happy cuiraſ, what a lot is thine!
X. . To the ſame.
Well
*...*.
--- , -
-
-
* - " -
' ". -
-
- - - - -
-" - --- - º
-
-
**. . *.*.*.** * * *
M A R T 1 A L’s EP I G R AM s.
welidelighted with Hylot, º .
Thou need ne'er to Janus yield ; --
XIII. To J A N U. S.
THE watchfull parent of record,
When late he ſaw foil'd Iſter's lord,
Of all his looks implor'd ſupplies,
And wiſht acceſſion to his eyes.
*
D READ guardian of the infant year,
That opens, but in ačt to fly;
Who bidd'ſt us ſtill the laſt revere,
And keep it in reflexive eye:
Tho’
- " -
-, * *
. .
.* * *
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s.
Tho' thee the primal incenſe hail, ,
Tho' thee invoke the early vow ;
Glad purple fan thee with her gale,
To thee each honor awfull bow:
XV. To C E S A. R.
XVII. To P H O S P H O R.
XVIII. To C E S A. R.
O N Ganges' banks, who ſpoils the wood or mead,
And paly flies on the Hyrcanian ſteed,
C Ne'er
IO M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
.." . -
- -->
. . . XXI. TO
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. I I
XXV. To V U L C A N.
XXVI. To D O M I T I A N.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 13
XXXIII. To R A B I R I U. S.
XXXIV. To Do M IT I A N.
IF, CesAR, all thou to the pow'rs haſt lent,
Thou ſhould'ſt reclaim, a creditor content ;
Should a fair auðtion rend Olympus' hall,
And the juſt gods be fain to ſell their all ;
The
y6 M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s.
The bankrupt Atlas not a twelfth could ſound,
Who bade the ſire of gods with man compound.
For Capitolian fanes, what to the chief;
What can he pay for the Tarpeian leaf
What, for her double tow’rs, the thund’rer's queen?
Pallas I paſs, thy manager ſerene.
Alcides why, or Phebus, ſhould I name?
Or the twin Lacons, of fraternal fame?
Or the ſubſtrućture (who can ſum the whole?)
Of Flavian temples, to the Latian pole
Augustus, pious then, and patient ſtay:
The cheſt of Jove poſſeſſes not to pay.
XXXV. To the ſame.
PART
i
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S, 17
P A R T II.
The E X H I BIT I O N S of D O M IT I A N3
—-mm-mm--
I. On the A M P H IT H E A T E R.
II. To C E S A. R.
V. On L A U R E O L U S.
VI. To C E S A R : On O R P H E U S.
VII. On M. U C I U S S C E V O L A.
VIII. On the P R A S I N I A N.
IX. On C A R P O PHO R U S.
THE Doric ſpears, with aim unerring, bore
-
The gallant arm of youthfull Carpophore:
Well might two ſoft-neckt ſteers reſign the field;
To him the buffalo and biſon yield. -
X. On the ſame.
XV. On
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XVI. On the L I ME D B E A R.
-
XXII. On the E L E PH A N T and the BU L. L.
/ /
26 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XXXIX. To A G A T H IN U S.
XL. On the S E A - F I G H T.
Here now was land: nay, quell thy ſtare, and ſtay,
Till flying Neptune fatal Mars diſplay.
Then, on the land's return glad gaze beſtow'd,
Thou fairly may'ſt exclaim : Here water flow'd
XLI. On L E A N D E R.
YLII. On the S W IM M E R S.
F - PART
34 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S,
P A R T III.
-ms
I. To C E S A. R.
AMID the marvels of th’ imperial ſtage,
That beggar bounties of each former age,
Much are our eyes, our ears much more delighted,
That thoſe regard, who previouſly recited.
- V. To the ſame.
O Thou, who couldſt the Rhine reſtore,
Dread guardian of mankind;
Meek modeſty, with bluſhing lore,
Was to thy care conſign'd.
To thee their everlaſting praiſe,
Let town and country pay;
Who fairly may their offspring raiſe,
To people and obey.
By avarice no more beguil'd,
Virility ſhall mourn:
Nor ſhall the proſtituted child
Be from the mother tor'n.
VII. To J U P IT E R C A P IT o L IN U.S.
RULER of Tarpeia's tow'r,
Where we own ſupernal pow'r,
But our leader ſafe;
Weary thee who will below,
For whate'er ye gods beſtow :
Jove, Oh! do not chafe.
\ *
VIII. To D O M IT I A N.
IX. To
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 37
X. To his W I F E.
XI. To C E S A. R.
*
The caitif corrodes his foul claws with his fang.
Pour on, mighty CESAR : the monſter may hang.
XII. To
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S,
XVII. On V E L I US’ V O W.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 4I
XVIII. To an A N G L E R.
XIX. To C I N N A.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 43
--~~
------------------
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 45
XXVII. On H E R C U L E S and D O M IT I A N.
A P P E N D I X to B O O K I.
To N E R v A and T R A J A N.
—ºttºm
I. To N E R V A.
II. On N E R V A.
And with thy NERVA's name bid wall and welkin ring.
-
V. To N E R V A : On his Acceſſion.
VIII. To the R H IN E.
In ſerene repoſe.
So may never barb'rous car, - º
Of inſulting ſwain,
Thy pellucid channel mar;
Or thine ear his ſtrain :
IX. To T R A J A N.
W HATE’ER thou haſt deſerv'd, may heav'n beſtow :
And ratify whate'er it gave below !
Who, with their rights reſtor'd, ſett'ſt patrons free;
. Nor to their freedmen bad'ſt them exiles be.
Hail, worthy patron of profan'd mankind
And, the event evinces, ſuch aſſign'd,
H X. On
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
X. On N E R V A - T R A J A N.
XII. To N E R V A - T R A J A N.
T III,
( 53 )
E P I G R A M S
B O O K II.
To F R. I E N D S.
E P I S T L E to D, E C I A N.
- to)
54 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
I. To D E C I A N,
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 55
IV. To R E G U L U. S.
V. To the ſame.
VI. On R E G U L U S preſerved.
ON Tibur's road, to where Alcides tow’rs,
X. To S T E L L A.
XIX. To the F O U N TA IN of I A N T H H S.
XXIII. To T H A L I A : For P A R T H E N IU S.
• *-ºw
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XXIV. To the M U S E S.
XXIX. To the I A M B I C M U S E.
XXXI. On the F O R M I A N S H O R. E.
xxxiv. To F A U S T IN U.S.
NO more lock up, my modeſt friend, thy powers;
From thy rich magazine bring forth thy lays ;
Which may reſound thro' glad Pandion's towers,
And which our ſages moſt reſerv'd may praiſe.
Admit fair fame, who dances at thy door;
And dain to reap thyſelf thy toil's reward.
. The ſtrains that ſhall ſurvive thee, give to ſoar;
Nor to thine aſhes leave the late record.
72 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XXXVIII. On BASSUS: To F A U S T IN U. S.
XXXIX. TO
--------
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 73
XXXIX. To F A U S T IN U S : At R O M E.
74. M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
The
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
75
The ſmooth ſummit modeſtly ſwells,
. Enjoying ſerenity's hight;
And, while the cloud curls o'er the dells,
Peeps forth with diſtinguiſhing light.
The tow’rs that ſurvey ev'ry ſtar,
When nature's broad canopy's furl’d,
Deſcry ſeven giants afar,
That carry the queen of the world.
º
Amid the fair of chaſter face,
If my Thalia hope a place 5
She craves thy very loweſt neſt,
Tho' there ſhe will repoſe my beſt.
Yet ſeeks ſhe not thy darkeſt den,
For lays, that boaſt the author's pen. -
His precious blot will bid her riſe,
Nor fear the ſun in cloudleſs ſkies.
Thy
8o M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
L. To the ſame.
LIII. To S I LIUS IT A LI CU S.
LVI. On S I L I U. S.
LX. To S E V E R U S.
For,
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M. S. 87
LXII. To A U L U S P U. D. E. N. S.
38 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
LXVI. To
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
LXXII. To M A R C E L L IN U.S.
INGENUous offspring of a fire ſublime,
Whom the Bear zeniths in Parrhaſian clime;
To vows, which thine, and which thy father's friend
Prefers, a due and deep attention lend.
Rein'd be thy valor; nor let rage of arms
Hurry thee headlong 'mid fell war's alarms.
Let brainleſs heroes boaſt th' enſanguin'd field:
Thou know'ſt thyſelf thy country's ſword and ſhield.
LXXIV. To M A R C E L L IN U. S.
LXXVI. To the R O M A N R E A DE R.
LXXVII. To his B O O K.
* Hy thee, to Rome, my Book. If whence, ſhe ſayi,
Tell her thou comeſt from th’ Emilian way.
LXXIX. To C L E M E N T : For A T E S T IN A.
LXXXII. To C E D IT I A N.
º
By the chaſte dame, before her jealous joy.
This gives the Rhone and me more rapid courſe,
Than, if they quaft, who quaff the Nilian ſource;
Than
*
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s. 97
LXXXVI. To F U S C U S.
F USCUS, if thine ample heart
Still have any vacant part;
Compaſt as thou art with friends;
Mine upon that part depends. .
* • **'.
ºf
Nor deny, becauſe I'm new :
All thy old have been ſo too.
Thou haſt onely to unfold,
If the new may grow the old.
XCII. To P E T U. S.
XCIII. To N E P. O. S.
XCIV. To F A B I A N.
XCV. To S E X T U S.
XCVII. To E U P H E M U. S.
C. To A U C T U S : On C E L E R.
CI. To A W IT U S.
CII. To M. UNICU S, or O N E L Y.
- CIII. To C I R I N I U. S.
CIV. To C A S T R ICU's.
I N gen’rous deeds who would contend with thee,
In gen'rous ſtrains may next thy rival be.
In either feeble we, and ſoon outdone;
Seek peace profound, and every conteſt ſhun.
How dare I then ſo paltry ſtuff preſent
Think'ſt no one apples to Alcinous ſent
cvi. To F. R O N T IN US.
W HILE heaven, Frontinus, dain'd thy friend to bleſs
With eaſe to viſit Anxur's ſweet receſs ;
With cloſer ken each Baian charm t'explore,
And ſcan th’ auguſt abode that crowns the ſhore :
When contemplation could indulge to rove,
Where not a graſhopper infeſts the grove;
CVII. To L UC I U S J U L I U.S.
How oft thy theme, ſweet guardian of my ſtate,
Spring from thy ſlowth, and tune us ſomewhat great!
P If
Ioë M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
CVIII. To P O TITU S.
CX. To P A S T O R.
CXI. To M E L I O R.
CXIII. To L I C IN I U S S U R A.
CXIV. To C O L I N.
CXV. To M A R T I A N. -
CXVI. To F. R O N T O.
TH Y MARK's high-crown'd ambition wouldſt thou know? -
cxviii. To s P A R S U.S.
WHy I reviſit oft Nomentum's fod,
And celebrate the hamlet's humble god;
My SPARsus aſks. A poor man, I proteſt,
In town finds neither room to think nor reſt.
By night the bakers, and at morn the ſchools ;
All day the tinkers murder with their tools.
The idle banker ſhakes the ſordid board,
By toſſing and retoſling Nero's hoard.
Th’ inceſſant thwacker of the Spaniſh ore,
From the ſmooth ſtone, rethwacks the ſounding ſhore.
Nor ceaſe Bellona's wild enthuſiaſt-crew,
Or the mouths mercileſs, that mercy ſue :
The loudeſt roarer of the wretched caſt,
The ſhipwreckt ſailor, with the bandag'd maſt:
The noiſy Jew, his mother taught to cry,
Not, what do ye beſtow; but, what d'ye buy?
Or
|f
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. I 13
M A R T I A L’s EP I G R A M 8, 115
Amid his labors, he complains
He hears no more my flippant ſtrains.
Poor Appian what thy fate would be,
Did MAceR alſo ſtudy me !
cxxiii. To I N S T A N T I Us.
INSTANTIUS, whoſe fincerer ne'er was known,
The ſnow unſoil'd of ſimpleneſs thine own
Would'ſt my Thalia crown with pleaſing pow'r,
And hope for lays, that fear no final hour?
Would'ſt place me, ev'ry blame or praiſe above 2
Give who ſhall light me, with the torch of Love.
Thee, gay Propertius, Cynthia earn’d a name:
The fair Lycoris prov’d a Gallus’ flame.
"Twas Nemeſis attun'd Tibullus' lyre,
And Leſbia ſet Catullus’ ſoul on fire.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s. 117.
CXXVI. To L U C I U. S.
I 18 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s.
Tutela, come; and bring along
The Rixamars, with dance and ſong;
The Carduans, with their feſtal joys;
And Peteros, who never cloys,
As bluſhing ſtill with wattled roſe;
And Rigae, ſeat of ancient ſhows.
Silaans, ſure with ſlender ſhaft;
-
CXXVII. To L I cI N IA N.
RENowN of reign,
Celtiberian
Thou boaſt of our beloved Spain, -
The
I 20 M A R T I A L 's E P I G R A M S.
CXXIX. To M A N I U. S.
CXXX. To M. A. T E R N US,
CXXXI. To M A R I U. S.
CXXXII. To A W. I.T U S.
TH AT one grown old, in Latian town,
Should forain nations ſo renown ;
R 2 On
124 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M. S.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s. 125
CXXXIV. To
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
CXXXVII. To J U V E N A L.
WHILE JuvenAL perhaps may ſtray,
In rank subura's noiſy way;
Or beat his miſtreſs Dian's hill,
And bid his chaſteſt bee diſtill:
Him,
I 28 M A R T I A L’ S. E P I G R A M S.
CXXXVIII. To M A R C E L L A.
WHo'D think her birth refin'd MARcellA ow'd,
To the rude rocks, where ſteely Salo flow'd
So rare thy taſte, and ſo chaſtis'd thy tone,
Imperial courts might challenge thee their own.
With thee, no daughter of Subura vy;
Or, of the awfull hill, that climbs the ſky:
Nor ſooner ſhall the firſt of forain fame,
Riſe to the dignity of Roman dame.
. Thou giv'ſt the miſtreſs-town leſs mourn'd to be:
MARCELLA, thou art Rome herſelf to me.
riſk, I hope thou wilt not grudge to ſcan and eſtimate; and, what muſt prove
the
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 13 I
the hardeſt taſk, to pronounce, all candor apart, upon them: leſt to Rome, if
thou ſo decree, we diſpatch, not a Spain-faring, but a Spaniſh volume.
CXL. To P R IS C U S.
W HILE the toils are at reſt, nor the hounds are in cry;
While, the boar not yet ſtarted, no forreſts reply;
The nice junéture my PRIscus may lend to my lay :
It is no ſummer-hour, nor perhaps thrown away.
THE
º, ( 134 )
E P I G R A M S
E P I S T L E to the R E A D E R.
preface, or rather with the title. The epigrams are written to thoſe, who
are in the uſe of beholding the Floralians. Let not Cato enter: if he do,
let him be a ſpectator. Methinks I ſhall ačtin charaćter, if I cloſe my epiſtle
in rime.
1. To C A T O.
- - THE games of the goddeſs, and joys of the ſcum,
Thou knew ſt: for who knew not the ſhame of the ſhow?
Dread cenſor, then why to the ſcene didſt thou come?
Ah! cameſt thou thither, that thence thou might'ſt go
III. To T H A L I A.
IV. To his B O O K.
Thou may'ſt preſent three hundred pieces rare:
But who three grains of patience will prepare
The comforts of ſuccinét compoſures take:
They firſt are frugal, for the paper's ſake.
In one ſhort hour, the lad may write each line;
Then hy to copy, other traſh than mine.
Next, to be red, if thy propitious fate;
Men may deſpiſe thee, but they cannot hate.
Thy tales to chear the gobblet may be told:
A gueſt may read thee, ere the liquor's cold.
What various virtue in Laconic ſong
But ah! how many will eſteem it long !
V. To S E V E R U S.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M 8, 137
| What avails my tiny book,
How can ſuch a ſhrimp ſuccede;
If thou caſt ſo rare a look,
That it take three days to read
IX. To L U P E R C U S.
-
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. I39
You ſee a ſhop with titled poſts,
And read whate'er Parnaſſus boaſts.
Thence ſummon me, nor aſk the dweller:
Honeſt Atrečtus is the ſeller.
X. To Q_U IN T U.S.
t Give thee my books indeedthou greedy fop!
XII. To another.
XIII. To another.
XIV. To A U C T U.S.
THE reader and the hearer like my lays.
But they're unfiniſht things, a poet ſays.
The ſtrićture ne'er ſhall diſcompoſe my looks:
My chear is for my gueſts, and not for cooks.
2XV. To C R IT I C U S.
XVI. To the RE A DE R.
THE town beloves, applauds, attunes my ſtrains;
Each hand engraſps them, and each boſom gains:
See one change color, grin, and gape with hate 1
This crowns my wiſh : be this my Muſe's fate.
XVII. To the ſame.
XVIII. On P R O C I L L U.S.
XIX. On Z O I L U.S.
XX. On C A R IN U. S.
XXI. To J U L I U. S.
O Julius I thou of friends the firſt,
Could'ſt ne'er believe a wretch ſo curſt,
Piecemeal to periſh, and to pine
That, RoME ſhould read a friend of thine.
XXII. To C A L L I S T R A T U S.
XXIII. To N E V O L U.S.
All-HAIL you never give, but often take;
Sometimes return for condeſcenſion's ſake.
XXV. On E R O S.
XXVII. To C E C I L I A N.
TH OU aſkeſt epigrams that live:
Cecili AN, who can be ſo fool'd 2
And themes thrice dead pretend'ſt to give :
Can ever led engender gold 2
XXVIII. To G A U R U S.
XXIX. To C O S C O N I U. S.
XXXI. To L I G U R R A.
L EST a little living ſong
Make thy fame, LIGURRA, long;
Thou would'ſt have thy terror ſeen:
Vain thy wiſh as fear, I ween.
At the bulls the lions riſe,
Never ruſh on butterflies.
XXXII. To a DE T R A C T O R.
I am determin'd to deny
The fame, that bids thee pine.
Thou vainly for a nich may'ſt figh,
In adamant of mine.
XXXIII. To another.
XXXIV. To T U C C A.
-
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. I5I
In epigrammatic flame,
Thou'd'ſt annihilate my name.
YXXVI, To F ID E N T IN U. S.
XXXVII. To Q U IN T I A N.
D EAR Quintian, to thy happy pow'rs
Our lays (if I may call them ours,
Which thy bold bard will needs recite,
And ſwear that once himſelf could write ;)
I with juſt confidence commend;
And ſhall exačt it of my friend,
That, if they heavy bondage wail,
Thou ſtand their claimant, and their bail :
So, when himſelf the culprit calls
The owner of the wretched thralls,
• That them as mine thou redemand,
As ſent to freedom from my hand.
This truth if o'er and o'er thou bawl,
The thief thou'lt redden and appall. -
XXXVIII. To
I 52 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XXXVIII. To F ID E N T IN U.S.
XL. To a P L A G IA R Y.
154 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
With lions how canſt thou bid foxes combine *
XLIII. To a J E W.
XLIV. To a M A K E BATE,
XLV. On M A M E R C U S : To A U L U.S.
XLVII. To S E P T IT I A N.
XLVIII. To T H E O D O R U S.
XLIX, On
158 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XLIX. On T H E O D O R U S.
L. To B A S S U. S.
LI. To S O S I B I A N.
LII. To A L B I U S M A X IM U.S.
LIII. To L A B E R I U. S.
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s. 39.
LIV. To S A B E L L U. S.
LV. To S E X T U. S.
LVI. To P R IS C U S.
TH Y preſent while thou wilt with ſong enhance,
And ſtay'ſt to curvet in Meonian dance;
Thyſelf and me how many a day ſhall teaſe,
*
LVIII. To M A L Is I A N.
MALIS IAN haſte, and tell me how
You can unbend the modeſt brow,
Of chaſteſt maid, or ſweeteſt child,
That ever blandly bluſht or ſmil'd
When all the while you conſcious are
Of ſentiments corrupter far,
Than he, who wakes a Stella's ire
By waking a Tibullus’ lyre.
LIX. On P O M P I L L U. S.
LX. To C H R E S T 1 L L U.S.
EACH flowing lay, CHREstilius, you deplore:
Dragg'd over rugged rocks, your ſtrains rude roar.
Regardleſs of the low Meonian ſong,
Lucilius ditties drear, enrapturd you prolong.
ibeye ſpeth %Dan Lucilius' Comfort, -
LXI. To W A C E R R A.
LXII. To the M US E.
LXIII. To C O R N E L I U. S.
LXIV. To the M O R O S E.
Y 2 LXVI. To
164 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S
-
Lxvi. To F A U S T IN Us,
S O may my LoRD with cloudleſs brow,
And wonted ear, my jokes allow ;
As my THALIA ſoars above
Annoying thoſe ſhe cannot love;
Or building her beloved's fame,
Upon the moſt deſerved ſhame.
What matters it that ſome would call
The verſes ours bedipt in gall,
Which not Archilochus could ſpout,
*
LXVIII. To P A U L U.S.
S O, PAULus, may December pleaſe,
Nortable-books, nor toilets teaſe ;
Nor half-a-pound of incenſe vain
Thine approbation burn to gain :
But potent friend, or client ſchool'd,
Preſent the plates and cups of gold:
Or, when thou aimeſt archer ſhafts,
So vanquiſh each adept at drafts:
of naked fives the many meed
Be thine, ſo by the judge decreed;
That not a dext'rous left, that day,
Bear from thy right a ball away :
As thou, if wight ſhall dare to call,
The libel mine, emban’d in gall,
Shalt, with commanding voice, declare:
•. My Martial's pen was never there.' '
LXX. On T IT U.S.
FRIEND Titus bids me cauſes plead :
LXXI. To the R E A DE R.
Lxxv. To M A M U R R.A.
O Thou, who weep'ſt an Edipuſes tale ;
Yet brook'ſt the board, that made the ſun grow pale;
Whom
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
Here ſhalt thou find, what thou may'ſt call thine own.
No Centaurs, Gorgons, Harpies, ſhalt thou ſcan:
Our humble page but analyſes man.
Thyſelf, MAMURRA, thou abhorr'ſt to know:
Callimachus (read him) the cauſe will ſhow.
LXXVI. To C L A S S I C U S.
LXXIX. To the M U S E.
THE
( 171 )
T H E
E P I G R A M S
. - - O F -
B O O K IV.
P A R T 1.
l H IS T O R. I C A L A N E C D O T E S.
I. On MUCH US S C EV O L A and P O R S E N A.
II. On P O R C I A.
Z 2 To
I72 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
III. On F E S T U S.
IV. On O T H O.
WHIL E civil rage ſuſpended yet the ſcale,
And yet th’ enervate Orho might prevail;
He curſt wild war, that muſt imbrue the land;
And pierc'd his naked breaſt with certain hand. .
CESAR let CATo, while he lives, deſpiſe:
What's greater, ſay, than OTHo when he dies 2
V. On A P I C I. U S.
VIII. To M A R K A N T O N Y.
IX. To L. A N T ON I U S S A T U R N IN U.S.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 175
XV. Qn C E R. E L I A.
176 M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s.
XVI. On L A D O N.
-
º -
-
M A R T 1 A L’s E P T G R A M S. 177
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M.S.
XXII. On the A N T in A M B E R.
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M. S. 179
Till the clan coming with the genial ſpring,
l As a deſerter held the loit’ring thing.
- Thus late the guilty parent pennance bore,
Who whilom her own guiltleſs Itys tore.
XXVI. On the PRI E S T of B A C C H U S.
XXVII. On M I S I T I U. S.
XXIX. On F A B I A N U. S.
XXX. To C A S T R I C U S.
XXXII. On M A R O's V O W.
XXXV. On a fragment of A R G O.
THE bit of wood, you ſo diſdain,
Was the firſt keel that plough'd the main.
Her not conflićting rocks could craſh:
She mockt the hyperborean laſh.
Regardleſs thus of ev'ry rage,
She yielded to all-conqu'ring age;
And the ſmall remnant of a ſlip, +
XXXVII. To H IP P O D A M U.S.
TH OU'RT ambitious, in verſe, to be ſaid, and be ſung ;
Well deeming it honor to be.
I'd rejoice too, or ne'er may I quiver my tongue,
Thee there both to hear and to ſee.
XXXIX. To P R I A P U S.
XLIV. On I S S A.
P A R T II.
On the M A N N E R S of the R O M A N S : In the various
charaćters of life.
*-m-
I. To a S C H O O L M A S T E R.
II. To another. -
III. On H E R M E S.
IV. To T A U R U s.
WHEN now the pleader, now the rhetor fires,
And thou ſtill douteſ what thy ſoul defires;
A Priam's age, or Neſtor's will be paſt,
Ere vague deciſion fix too late at laſt.
Three rhetoricians have deceaſt this year:
Bid then thy ſpirit, or thine art appear.
If ſchools diſpleaſe, the courts are in a roar:
A Marſya's ſelf might catch the pleader's lore.
Haſte, haſte: how long ſuch wav'ring ſhall we ſee ?
Thou may'ſt dout on : thou now canſt nothing be.
V. To A T T A L U. S.
VI. On S A B IN E U S : To F A U S T IN U.S.
VII. To N E V O L U. S.
VIII. To C I N N A.
IX. To C E C I L I A N.
. . . . x. To M A T H o
THou'RT in a fewer, and wilt ſtill declaims
Thou'rt in a frenzy, if thou feel no ſhame.
On thou declaim'ſt in ſemitertian ſeaſon:
If elſe thou canſt not ſwet, there is ſome reaſon.
'Tis a great thing, when feaver burns thy lung;
'Tis a great thing, my dear, to hold thy tongue.
XI. To Po S T U M U.S.
F ORCE nor ſlaughter, fire nor bane,
Are the griefs that I arrain.
Of three goatlings is my plea,
Which I claim as ſtole from me.
This the judge requires in proof:
But thou roam'ſt and roam'ſt aloof.
Cannae firſt becomes thy ſtage,
Then the Mithridatic rage.
Now the fraud of Punic flame:
XII. To P O N T I C U S.
XV. To G A L L I C U S.
XVII. To R U F U. S. •
Of ſo ſcoundrel a train,
As Fuſciculene lends,
Or a Faventine ſends.
* XIX. On H IPP O C R A T E S.
XX. On SY M M A C H U S.
, xxi. On C A R U S.
-
* *** *
XXII. On H E R Mo C R A TEs.
H E bath'd with us, briſk; and he ſupt with us, gay :
t - ºf . on * ſ
Next morn, with the dead,A=agoras lay. º,” 4 & 2"
The cauſe do you claim, of the ſudden tranſition :
In ſleep he HERMocrates ſaw, the phyſician.
XXIII. On M A. R. I U. S.
XXIV. On an A U C T I O N E E R.
XXV. To S E V E R U S.
XXVI. To L U P U. S.
And
-
- - -
*...*
*. -
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s. I99
- And the youth, that betrays not the quickeſt of parts,
Or a Bawler or builder will make.
-
. . . xxvii. To c 1 P E R Us,
º L ONG you bak'd, and no one wonder'd:
Now you plead, and aſk two hundred.
Still you waſte, and ſtill you borrow ;
That, Ciperus, proves our ſorrow.
Baker ſtill, tho’ ſomewhat muſty,
Bread you make, and ſtill are duſty.
XXVIII. To Q U IN T US OVIDI U. S.
V INTAGE has not wholely fail'd :
Plenteous pours have much avail'd.
Good Coranus crown'd his taſks,
And fulfill'd a hundred caſks.
XXIX. To C E D IT I A N.
2CO
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s, , , ,
xxx. To c IN N A Mus.
O, Tonſor, who late the moſt noted in town; -
XXXI. On A N T I o C H U S.
W HO would not yet deſcend the Stygian ſhade,
Let that wiſe head ANTIochus evade:
Leſs bloody war the ſavage lancets wage,
When heaven-ſtruck mobs to Phrygian meaſures rage.
ALcon, more mild, fierce ruptures can command,
XXXII. To a S HO E M A K E R.
To draw with thy teeth the old hides who art wont,
.' And to pierce rotten ſoles with thine awl;
Doſt now fill the ſeat of thy patron, thou runt?
Where I'm mad that thou e'er hadſt a ſtall.
XXXIII. To a C O B B L E R.
O Mighty monarch of ſhoe-menders,
A.Y.
Who bidd'ſt the gladiators play;
What thy keen awl ſo nobly tenders,
The cruel poniard takes away.
D d Thou
2O2 . M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M. S.
XXXV. To C O N D Y L U. S.
To him this and that wight: Pray, pay what you ow.
To thee not a mortal pretends to ſay ſo.
Thou fear'ſt but a flogging: he's rackt with the gout.
A thouſand ſound laſhes he'd rather ſtand out.
XXXVI. On F A V O R IT E S. -
XXXVIII. To C E S T U. S.
D d 2 Ah!
act M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XXXIX. To T H E S TY L U.S.
XL. On A U L U. S.
XLI. On P O L Y T I M U. S. .
XLII. On E N Co LP Us.
I O, thee, Apollo, vows his beauteous hair,
ENcolPUs, minion of his maſter's care.
* Soon as the brave centurion ſhall attain
*
*
2XLIV. On E A R IN U S.
L. On S P E N D O PHO R U S.
E e - - LI. To
*
2IO M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s.
LI. To C H A R I D E M U. S.
LIII. To B A S S U. S.
E e 2 No
212 M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s.
LIV. On kind R O M E.
T H E
( 214 )
E P I G R A M S
B O O K V.
On the M A N N E R S of the R O M A N S :
In the various conditions of life.
-m-
I. To F L A C C U S.
III. On
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. - 215
III. On T U C C I U. S.
V. To G A R G I L I A N.
VII. To F A B I. A N.
VIII. To B A S S U. S.
- X. To the ſame.
WHole days, my good GALLus, you bid me attend,
. And over and over the Aventine bend. -
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M 8. 2I9
XIV. To another.
TH E rank of ſenator you bear:
Each morn you threeſcore threſholds wear;
So well may call me lazy knight,
If I not, with the dawning light,
Alert around the city roam,
And bring ſalutes a thouſand home. .
Your impulſe is tinſert a name,
In the new purple rolls of fame.
The duſk Numidians are your view,
Or the dire Cappadocian crew.
But, on my ſlumbers, you break in ;
And make me trudge, thro' thick and thin.
What proves th’ emolument to me,
A vagrant's vagabond to be?
should my trampoozer burſt the leather;
Or plunge me in a plump of weather;
Midſt upper, nether, circling woes,
No ſlave attends with change of cloaths:
One may approach my frozen ear,
And whiſper, with a ſtifled ſneer:
Letorius begs you'l come and ſup.
I'd rather pocket famine up.
Shall a poor ſupper me be voted,
Thou to a province be promoted P
Shall we an equal duty pay,
And not bear equal palm away?
F f 2 XV. To
22O M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XV. To A F E R.
C OR ANU S a hundred, Mancinus ows two :
Three Titius : this twice from Albinus is due.
A million pays Sabine, Serranus as much.
From houſes and lands, full three millions I touch:
From flocks of fair Parma what hundreds I gain:
With this daily bread, you your friends entertain.
I know not my name, half ſo well as your ſtore:
But tell me down, AFER ; or tell me no more.
The riches, that made me ſo ſick, muſt amend:
To hear you for nothing, I cannot pretend.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 221
If a wretch enflame my rage, -
xviii. To T IT U L L U. S.
TITULLUs, live; it now is late:
- - -
XXV. To L A B U L L U. S.
XXVII. To M A N C IN U. S.
XXVIII. To R U F I N U. S.
XXIX. On M E V I U. S.
XXX. To R O M E.
XXXI. To C A I U. S.
XXXIII. To C R IS P U S.
XXXIV. To B A C C A R A.
XXXVI. To S E XT U S.
XXXIX. On G E L L I U. S.
XL. To a P R E TO R.
XLII. To C A L L I O D OR U S. .
-
N O Pylades, and no Oreſtes now,
Thou find'ſt, and marvel'ſt: I will tell thee how.
One cup they quaft, they broke an equal bread:
At one plain board thoſe wondrous friends were fed.
Thou ſwallow'ſt Lucrines, ſoft Pelorians I:
My palate, keen as thine, is quite as high.
Proud Tyrian thine, groſs Gauliſh mine array:
In purple thee, can e'er I love in gray
If I play turtle, ſome one muſt play dove;
Not in mere cooing: would'ſt be loved Love.
XLV. On N O W I U. S.
XLVII. To T H E L E S IN U.S.
TH AT me thou haſt thrice fifty thouſand lent;
Of thy vaſt coffer's circumſcrib'd content;
Thou, THELESINUs, would'ſt the friend diſplay:
The mighty friend 'Tis I, becauſe I pay.
WHEN I aſk thee for pence, without pledge, thou haſt none.
If my little ſpot lend but her hand, it is done.
What thou canſt not accredit a crony with eaſe,
Thou canſt truſt to my cabbages, and to my trees.
Thee fell Carus arrains: be the land thine aſſeſſor:
XLIX. To P H E B U S.
L. To the ſame.
LI. To P O L Y C A R M U. S.
LIII. To C I N N A.
Soiling both, why thro' thick and thro' thin doſt thou ſcud --
LVI. To P E T U. S.
LVIII. To G A U R U S.
LIX. To T O N G I L I A N.
LX. To C E C I L I A N.
LXIV. To N E V O L U. S.
LXVI. To C A L E N U. S.
LXVII. To SC E V O. L. A.
LXVIII. To P A T E R N U.S.
LXIX. To P H I L O M U S U. S.
. .
-
Difinheriting thus the poor prodigal lad.
-
LXX. To P O N T I L I A N.
LXXI. To N U M A.
LXXII. To P.O. L. Y. C A R M U S.
LXXIII. To C A R IN U S.
I i - - My
--
2 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
*
\
My ſtore is out, my money gone:
Us, CARIN, oh! take pity on.
Let lying coughs no more appall:
Sign ſeldomer, or once for all.
Had I been rich as Lydia's king,
Whom proſers puff, and poets fing;
I were as poor as beggar baſted,
Hadſt thou as oft my bean-ſoop taſted.
LXXIV. To B I. T H Y N I C U S.
LXXV. On M A R I U. S.
LXXVII. To an O L D M A. N.
-
W HEN ſly Pike ſwears he wiſhes to ſee thee a fire,
2.
Be aſſur’d nought is farther from LUPUs’ deſire.
A true catcher thinks this, and that other will ſay:
He will hope that thou may'ſt not, and beg that thou may.
Should thy Coscony own fair fecundity's law, -
. .. . LXXX. To G A R G I L I A N.
W HEN, to the old and widow’d, boons you ſend;
Dare you, my friend, munificence pretend ?
More ſordid never was a wretch than you,
Who can your ſnares with name of gifts endue.
. Thus the infidious hook diſplays her wiles :
* , - Thus the betraying bait the beaſt beguiles.
* . I a TO
244 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
To largeſs where, and where preſent, I'l ſhow:
If yet you know not, GARG, on me beſtow.
LXXXI. To N A S I D I A N.
DIRE dreams about me, every morning you tell ;
To harrow my ſoul with your ſprights.
To dregs both laſt vintage, and this vintage fell,
The conjureſs ſpelling your nights.
LXXXIII. To N E S T O R.
LXXXV. To C H E R E M O N.
THE ſtoic ſoul, that daily death defires,
Can e'er CHEREMON think my ſoul admires P
On what a baſe does ſuch high virtue ſtand
On a poor pitcher, who has loſt her hand:
On a deſponding hearth, that never glows ;
Yet ſometimes ſmoke, for ſatisfaction, ſhows :
On the fell moths, that have conſum’d a rug;
On a bare bedſted, odor'd by a bug:
On once a gown, tho’ now curtail'd a cloke :
Ah! night and day, one undiminiſht joke.
What fortitude is his, who can forgo
All he allows felicity below
The blackeſt cruſtlings e'er becruncht by grub ;
The dreg of vinwar, and couch of ſtub.
But, bolder ſtill, my ſage, invert thy plan:
Tempt other walks, no leſs indulg'd to man.
With
246 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. -
s
THE
^ __ •
( 247 )
E P I G R A M S
MARCUS VALERIUS MARTIAL.
B O O K VI.
On the M A N N E R S of the R O M A N S.
P A R T I. -
On L U X U R Y, B, E G G A R Y, T H E F T.
-mº-mm
I. To P A R T H E N O P E U S.
II. On T O N G I L I U.S.
T} - -
III. To L E N T IN U.S.
IV. On C E L I U S.
i -
V. On TU C C A's B A T H S.
K k - VI. To
**
25o M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s. * --
VI. To T U C C A.
. . ... . . 4.11: 1 : * 1: .
VII. To o L U.S.
& DEE P Eros’ hue, pale im. : ſhame and ſin l’
Are they not ſov'rains, Olus, of their ſkin? "
“Mad Matho plays two hundred thouſand pence:
Not thou, but Matho will be bankrupt thence.
* Sertorius bids his ſupper hail the light.' ' -
IX. To M A X IM U S.
X. To the ſame.
XI. To A M E N U. S.
XIII. To P A N N I C U S.
XIV. On A PER, or B O A R.
A Drear abode, that not an owl would own,
Is Aper's obſolete, new-purchas'd cell.
!- Faſt by trim Maro's gardens brethe full-blown.
APER may ſweetly dine, tho’ ſourly dwell.
XVII. On P O M P O S O.
XIX. To B A S S U. S.
XX. On B A S S U.S. R O B. E.
XXII. On P. H. A. S I S.
XXIII. On M A N N E I U. S.
XXIV. To E Q U E S T E R.
XXV. On E U C L ID: To F A B U L L U. S.
XXVI. On M A M U R R A.
YXVII. To M I L I C H U S.
} XXX. To F L A C C U S.
XXXI. On C A L P E TI A N.
C ALPETIAN’s board the golden platters crown,
At home, abroad; in country, and in town :-
Ll 2 In
26o M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XXXII. On C A R IN U. S.
XXXIII. To R U F U. S.
XXXIV. To Z O I L U. S.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 26.
Sweet cinnamon, from off the Stygian bed;
Reſtore, felonious miſcreant, to the dead.
Thy feet had taught thy docil hands to ſtray:
A thief ſprings eaſy from a runaway.
XXXVIII. To A FE R.
As Irus, poor; Parthenopeus, young;
Strong as Artemidore, when foes he flung :
Thee, AFER, muſt ſix Cappadocians bear 2
Thou mak'ſt the folks ſo laugh, and talk, and ſtare:
Thou might'ſt as well ſtalk naked thro' the ſquare.
So pigmy-Atlas, with his pigmy-mule;
So Moor and monſter draw like ridicule.
XXXIX. To V A C E R R A.
- The
º,-
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S, 263,
. The veſſel next, that bore the fire,
Commanded ev'ry eye t'admire.
But much the noſe was fain to bear,
That ſnuft the pitcher pendant there.
Pilchards and cack’rels gave the ſent,
Much like the ſtaleſt ſea-pond's vent.
Nor wanted there the taſte to teaſe,
A ſquare of Toloſatian cheeſe;
Black puliol buncht, full four years old 5
And, no leſs joyous to behold,
Two potent ropes, tho' either bald;
Of garlic, and of onions, call’d.
Nor by the Muſe muſt be forgot,
Thy venerable parent's pot,
Of roſin for the righteous fair,
To clear away redundant hair:
So worthy a ſuburban wife,
Who chears a while, not plagues for life.
Then, why WAcERRA, ſeek a ſeat,
And laugh at louts in thy retreat
When thou, ſuperior to a cell,
Beneath a canopy may'ſt dwell;
May'ſt pay no rent, yet do no wrong :
Such pomp muſt to the bridge belong.
XLII. On L A U R U S.
WITH a new love was never ſtripling fir’d,
Like LAURus, by the luſt of ball inſpir’d.
But the prime player, while his vigor reign'd,
Deſiſting play, the primal ball remain'd.
XLIII.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XLIII. To L I N U S.
YLIV. On C I L I X.
XLV. On
26
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s. 5
XLV. On L U S C U S.
XLVI. On H E R M O G E N E S.
P A RT
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M. S. 267
P . A R T II.
I. To C E C I L I A N.
II. To E FF R O N S, or B O L D - FA C E.
III. To G A U R U S.
TH AT you delight to drown the night in wine ;
The joy was CATo's, and muſt be divine.
That you write verſe, nor Muſe nor Phebus know ;
This fame tranſcenda it you to Tully ow.
Vomit you've Antony's, Apicius' maw :
Confeſs, rank Gaurus, whoſe the breth you draw.
Mm 2 IV. To
268 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
IV. To C O R A C IN U. S.
V. To P O S T U M U. S.
X. To the ſame.
XIII. To C H A R IN U. S.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s. 271
XVI. To L A B I E N U.S.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 273
Prink e'er ſo long, or piddle ;
No pile outſprings the middle.
The error once avail'd thee,
When threefold meſſes hail'd thee;
The emp'ror doling dinners,
To Saturnalian ſinners.
By this diſtinčt criterion
Such muſt have ſeem'd old GERYon,
Thy wit by me imbued, -
XVII. To M A R IN US.
274. M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XVIII. To P H E B U. S.
XX. To E S C U L A N U.S.
WHo lounges loweſt in the middle bed,
Rich unguent portioning his three-haird head 5
XXI. To L E N T IN US.
XXII. To G A R G I L I A N.
ON E lotion ſmugs thy face, and one thy crown.
Doſt dread the raſor, or doſt hope renown
How
|
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 275
XXIII. To C A R M E N I O N.
IF thou thyſelf Corinthian boaſt,
Which nobody denies;
Why call me brother, from the coaſt,
Whence Celtiberians riſe 2
XXIV. To C O TIL U. S.
276 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XXV. To C A N D ID U.S. “
XXVI. To M. A. R. I. A N U S.
XXVII. To D ID Y M U. S.
YXVIII. To P A N N I C U S:
XXIX. On H E D Y L U S.
XXX. To C. A. L L I S T R A T U S.
XXXII. To D. E. C I A N.
XXXIII. . To the IA M B IC M US E.
XXXIV. To a H U S B A N D.
XXXV. To another.
XXXVI. To H Y L L U. S.
XXXVIII. To A U L U. S.
XXXIX. To A U C T U. S.
XL. To Q U I N T U.S.
IF nor Thais, nor one-ey'd, be, QUINTus, thy flame;
Could the diſtich on thee ſpatter ſorrow or ſhame?
O o But
282 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S,
But a ſomewhat is like, as in Thais to Lais :
Of Hermione ſay, what her likeneſs to Thais ?
Still a Quintus thou art, and the name we'l exchange:
If no Quintus love Thais, let Sextus arrange.
XLI. On Q_U I R IN A L I S.
XLII. To D E N T O.
XLIII. To F A B U L L U. S.
XLIV. To SC E V IN U.S.
XLV. To C E C I L I A N.
* W HILE gratuitous all men thy fallow might poach,
In vain ſhe invited each fellow.
XLVIII. To G A L L U. S.
XLIX. To A M M I A N U.S.
L. To the ſame.
On A M M I A N U S : To M A R O N I L L U. S.
LII. To F L A C C U S.
LVI. To S A. L E T A N U. S.
LVII. To P R I s C U S.
A Dowried dame I ne'er ſhall take to wife;
Leſt ſhe take me to huſband, and to ſtrife.
Inferior, PRIscus, muſt the female be;
Elſe wedded parity we ſhould not ſee.
LVIII. To S I L A.
*-
P A R T III.
On the M A N N E R S of the W O M E. N.
I. On G E L L I A.
II. To G E L L I A.
III. On G E L L I A.
IV. To G E L L I A.
W HEN you ſend me a hare, your benignity ſays,
Honeſt MARK ſhall be handſom, full four and three days.
If your joke and the truth do not joſtle, my dear;
In your life you ne'er taſted a lev'ret, I fear.
V. On G E L L I A : To P A P Y RIA N.
VI. To L IN U.S.
Gu ARDIAN of the curly train,
Under Poſtumilla's reign :
Lord of all ſhe holds her own,
Friend and confidant alone :
LINUs thou, on whoſe tuition,
Hang her hopelings and ambition;
Hang her gems, and gold, and wines;
Hang her very concubines :
So thine honor firm evince,
To thy potent female prince;
That ſhe thee prefer to all
Guardians, or of great or ſmall.
Do but thou relieve my rage,
And my piteous pangs aſſwage.
Sometimes bland forget to keep,
Who bid me forget to ſleep;
Who enflame my hapleſs heart,
As expreſſion can't impart;
Whom I wiſh, both night and day,
On my boſom to diſplay:
Beauteous, as no beauties glow !
Whiter than the whiteſt ſnow !
Pp Perfeót
290 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
VIII. To M A X I M I N A.
º IX. To L E S B I. A.
X. To M A T R IN I A.
XVI. To P H I L E N I S.
XVIII. To L. Y. C. O'R I S.
xix. on LY co R is.
TH AT an elephant's fang, duſk Lycoris had heard,
On the Tiburtine hills ev'ry ſallowneſs ſpurn'd.
To Alcides' fam'd hights her ambition transferr'd, -
XX. To P O L L A.
XXI. To a L A D Y B A T H IN G.
XXII. To L Y D I A.
XXIII. To L A. L. A. G. E.
XXIV. To F E S C E N N I A,
XXVI. On B A S S A : To FA B U L L U.S.
XXVIII. On T H A I S.
That thou nor fear'ſt nor lov'ſt me, proves th' event.
XXXII. On another.
XXXV. To C H L O E. -
XXXVII. To P O N T I A,
XLI. To L E L I A.
Than the wheel, that untoucht the ſlim vaulter whips thro':
Than, beſoakt with foul water, the yielding old ſhoe :
Than the flimſieſt net, giddy thruſhes inhales;
Than the awning of Pompey, deni'd to the gales:
Than the braſſlet, from tiſical catamite dropt;
Than the bolſter, no more her Leuconic has propt:
Than the trouſers, that long the poor Briton has wor'n ;
Than the throat, that Ravenna's bird-brayer has tor'n:
Her I’m ſaid to have caught in a pond of the ſea:
The wide pond is the whole recolleåted by me.
XLIII. To L E S B I A.
XLIV. To B A S S A.
XLV. To C A T U L L A.
XLVII. To F A B U L L A.
L. To the ſame.
LII. On L E V IN A.
LIII. On C L E O P A T R A.
LIV. To E L O P E I A.
LV. To G A L L O P I N A.
LVI. On T H E L E S I N A.
v WANToN ING to Betic ſounds,
she in Gadiſh gambols bounds;
Who a Pelias might beguile,
Or the fire at Heótor's pile.
Now her former maſter dies :
LVII. To T H E L E S I N A.
LVIII. To P A U L A.
You R honeſt huſband now you cannot tell,
Whene'er with your gallant you wiſh to dwell;
On the high Alban I betimes muſt ſtand,
Or at Circeii: CesAR gives command.
Now, PAULA, fetch is o'er, device is vain:
PENELope beſeems a NERVA's reign.
But the dire itch forbids, I well muſt own :
Late quits the fleſh, the marrow of the bone.
What ſhall you do? A friend is fick, you'l ſay.
Your lord will ſtick the watcher of your way. *
With
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 307
LIX. To C A N D ID U.S.
LX. To G A L L U. S.
º/
f
~&é
º
yº. º&
With avarice's fouleſt crime. t/
LXI. On PH I L E N U S : To A W IT U.S.
LXII. On M I L O’S W IF E.
LXIII. To M I L O.
LXIV. To C I N N A.
LXV. To A N T I QUI L L A.
ALERT ANTIQUILLA, on thee
Kind conſuls three hundred have ſmil'd :
What beauties remain, let us ſee,
Of one but ſo lately a child.
But,
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 31 I
LXVI. To a L A DY. º
THE
( 312 ) º
E P I G R A M S
º - - O F
- B O O K VII.
*-m-
I. To C A P IT O L IN U.S.
II. To C E C I L I U. S.
. . * * º “. .
* * • * -
---
- -
* * M. A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s.
-
-
-
- º 313
* Alvis cºvºsh ſurvipur-ºr-i-,-- ~~~~
Maſter of the hucſter's clack:
N ay, of croke full hoarſe to cry,
* Smoking ſauſage, who will buy *
Poet, for the city-ſcum ;
Showman, freſh from Gades come :
Mouth effuſing ſuch delights, t
As a doting catamites.
CECIL, then no more conceive,
What thou canſt alone believe.
| III. To C A L L I O D OR U S.
IV. To PH I L O M U S U. S.
S ſ - Yet
-
--
3I4. M A R T I A L’s. E P I G R A. M. S.
→et thou may'ſt miſtake with eaſe.
Thou delight'ſt; but doſt not pleaſe.
W. To the ſame.
VI. To a PAI.R.
A
- **** * . . .
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M. S. 315
VII. To S A B E L L U.S.
THREE hundred verſes bid excel,
The baths of Pontic ſupping well.
You want, if one the truth may tell;
To ſup, and not to bathe, SABEL.
VIII. To C A N T H A R U S.
CA NT HAR, thou abraud wilt ſup;
Yet thy tongue unrein'd will be.
Put thy noble ſpirit up :
Glutton never can be free.
IX. To RU F U S: On S E L I U. S.
XIII. To C L A S S I C U S.
XV. To C H A R O P I N U S.
XVI. To
-
-
*
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s. 319
XVI. To D E N T O.
XVII. To P R O C I L L U. S.
XVIII. To
• :- - - º -
320 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s. . .
XVIII. To S E x T. Us.
To celebrate thy natal feaſt,
Thou dain'd'ſt t' invite me once at leaſt;
Ere yet I ventur'd to pretend,
That Sextus was become my friend.
But, what has prov'd the cauſe, I pray
What have I done, dear Sextus, ſay;
That, after whatſoe'er endears,
The tokens of unnumber'd years,
An ancient intimate, as I,
Should now be paſt entirely by º
I know the cauſe: I have not fool'd
On thee a pound of Spaniſh gold.
No gown I give, of flimſy ſtuff;
No load I lay, of mantle rough.
It is no treat, (depend upon't)
That traffics gifts : no friend thy want.
But, now I hear thee: “ Dog, that ſkipt!'
Th’ inviter onely muſt be whipt. -
XIX. To G A L L U. S.
XX. To L U P E R C U S.
XXI. To F A B U L L U.S.
A Hundred and fifty odd fellows, twice told,
You aſk, each to me quite unknown.
Why I do not come too, you wonder, and ſcold:
I like not to ſup all alone.
XXII. To Z O I L U S.
XXIII. To M A X I M U S.
XXIV. On E T H O N.
XXV. To L I G U R.I N U S.
XXVIII. To P R IS C U S.
XXIX. To L I B E R.
XXXI. To a B O A. R.
XXXII. To G A L L I C U S.
Nay myſelf (who'd believe it?) was not the laſt there :
But to me not a rib, nor a rump was to ſpare.
On thy fourth, my good GALLIc, how can I depend,
When an ounce of my boar thou diſdainedſt to ſend ?
XXXIII. To
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 327
XXXIII. To an E N T E R T A IN E R.
XXXIV. To M A N C I N. U. S.
XXXV. To F A B U L L U. S.
XXXVI. To V A R U S.
XXXVII. On A N N I U. S.
Had
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 329
XXXVIII. On C O TT A.
TH AThis ſandals he loſt, twice poor Cotta complain'd,
While a negligent ſlave at his feet he retain'd;
Who, remiſs as he was, made up Cott A's whole train:
So he ſhrewdly bethought, nor bethought him in vain.
That he might no more ſuffer a damage ſo odd,
He reſolvd to procede to his ſupper unſhod.
XXXIX. To G E R M A N U.S.
!
H E RE, GERMAN, flows the Martian, not the Rhine.
Would'ſt bar a native from th' ingenuous lake
Barbarian, ought, repell'd a ſlave of mine,
The ſtream vićtorious captive thirſt to ſlake
XL. To R O M A N U S.
XLI. To E N T E L L U. S.
XLIII. To P O N T I C U S.
WHEN me, no more a hireling, you invite;
Why equal chear not you and me delight?
You ſwallow oiſters, that the Lucrine feeds :
I ſeek a limpet, till the ſeeker bleeds.
Nice muſhrooms you, plain toadſtools I may blab:
Your treat a turbot, and my diſh a dab.
A golden gorger crams you with his thighs: +
The py, that di'd in pen, my bird ſupplies.' .
Without you why, yet with you, muſt I ſup?
One be our fare : the ſervile baſket's up.
XLIV. To
-
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 33 I
XLIV. To C E C I L I A N.
WHy ſummon friends at thy convivial hour?
To ſee their hoaſt the muſhrooms dear devour
What ſhall I wiſh thee, worthy ſuch a belly? *
XLVII. On S A N C T R A.
XLVIII. To S A B I DI U.S.
A Tart around the ſecond ſervice flew,
And burnt whatever hand the neareſt drew.
More burn'd Sabidius' maw: his cheeks he ſwell'd,
And in repeated blaſts his breth repell’d.
The tart, relenting, could admit the touch
But ahl the tart relented now too much.
XLIX. - To B E T I C U S.
L. To P A P J L U.S.
For thyſelf if the tail of a pilchard thou broil,
And on feſtivals ſwill a bean-ſoop without oil;
Tet, boar, hare, and ſhampinions, and oiſters, and mullet,
Thou beſtow'ſt : my poor PAP has nor palate nor gullet.
- LI. To
334 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
LI. To C I N N A. . . .
A MITHRIDATEs, quaffing frequent bane,
Expell'd the fear to be by poiſon ſlain. -
LII. To N E VI A,
WHILE thou nor cutt'ſt the fiſh, nor carv'ſt the hare;
And wilt the boar, beyond thy father, ſpare ;
Thou cutt'ſt and carv'ſt the cook, that he ſhould ſend
All crude: no crudity I apprehend.
LIII. To R U S T I C U S.
. . .. . . . .'; ) -
LIV. To T H E o Po M P U.S.
W HAT a ſavage, my THE, could ſo ſtupid o'erlook
All thy viſible worth, as to make thee a cook?
|
Who that face could pollute with the culinar ſmoke;
Or ſuch hair, with the unétion of fire, could provoke
M A R T I A L’s E P I G. R. A. M. S. 335
Lv. To P U B L I Us.
WHEN a looſer lad, forſooth,
Than was eer th’ Idean youth,
Miniſters Cecubian juce, - -
LVI. To A F E R.
LVIII. To S E W E R U S.
LIX. To A M M I A N U S.
LXI. To P A M P H I L U.S.
TH oU Setian and Maſſic ſerviſt, PAMPHILUs, up:
But rumor thy wines has accurſt.
p A fourth time the widºwer thou'rt hail'd by the cup:
I neither believe it, nor — thirſt,
LXII. To M U N N A.
LXIV. To L U P E R C U S.
LXV. To S E XT I L I A N.
LXVII. On S Y R IS C U S.
LXVIII. On A U L U. S.
LXIX. On P A N A R E T U S.
LXX. To C O T T. A.
LXXI. To E U C T U. S.
LXXII. On the cF U M B.
I M call'd the CRUMB : a petty ſupping home,
From me thou kenneſt the Ceſarean dome.
LXXIV. To C A L A T H I S S U. S.
LXXV. To H Y P N U.S.
HAIL, happy day ! my Julius, hail, reſtorár
Hail, gracious Heav'n, who heard'ſt when I implor'dº
Deſpair proves hope, the fatal ciſars near : -
LXXVI. To F L A C C U S.
LXXVII. To P A U L U. S.
LXXVIII. On R U F U S and N E VI A.
LXXIX. To R U F U. S.
LXXXI. To T U R A N I U S.
IF home-ſupping diſagree,
Come, my friend, and faſt with me.
Thou ſhalt have, if thou propine,
Each improver of thy wine:
Headed lettuces, and leeks;
And whateer reſentment ſpeaks.
Tunny ſquare, and ſquat, ſhall ly,
On ſplit eggs, as in a py;
And, to qualify the fiſh,
Sallad green in ſable diſh:
Sallad, freſh from out the ſoil,
That thy unétuous touch ſhall toil:
Sauſage, preſſing ſnowy bed,
Paly bean, and bacon red.
Now, the ſecond courſe begun,
Taſte the raiſins of the ſun;
Or, confeſs it not an air,
That the Syrians name the pear:
Nor diſdain the cheſnut's glow,
We to learned Naples ow.
Quaff, with glee, thy roſy wine:
Quaffing, thou ſhalt make it fine.
If the jolly god excite,
As he wont, the appetite ;
- Olives ſhall expreſs their juce,
Which Picenian boughs produce ;
- And
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M 8. 345
LXXXII. To L U P U. S.
LXXXIII. To J U L I U S C E R E A L I S.
IF my JULIUS no happier engagement has made,
Let him come and partake my fine ſupper's parade.
Keep the good hour'of eight: we joint bathers may be.
Steven's baths are, you know, cloſe adjoiners to me.
. .. . . . -
LXXXIV. On C E C I L I U. S.
LXXXV. On Z O I L U.S.
WHoe'ER with a Zoilus' treat can put up,
As well at a proſtitutes table may ſup:
And e'en, while yet ſober, were far better off,
THE
( 351 )
E. P. "I G R A M S
B O O K VIII.
On the R O M A N F E S T L V A L S.
P A R T I.
On the S A T U R N A L I A N S.
I. To R O M E : And D IN D Y MU S.
II. To V A R R. O.
III. To A TT I C U S.
º
While the rough rector batters either ear,
Of thine each brave, and each belov'd compeer;
Whom the mean dauber lubricates to learn,
And riches raviſhes, he ne'er could earn.
Thee neither ball, nor poſt, for bath prepares;
Nor the ſoft liniment for bruiſing bares.
But to the virgin-ſtream wilt thou retire,
Or, where the Bull confeſt Sidonian fire.
Of all the ſports, whate'er the ground or growth;
To play, when thou canſt run, is very ſlowth.
IV. On H. O. R A T I U. S.
V. To a FR I E N D.
VI. On the E N D R O M I S.
This fence ſhall bid thee ſcorn the winds and ſhowers.
The Tyrian lawn pretends no equal powers.
VII. To R U F U. S.
IX. To J U V E N A L.
O LD SATURN preſents, to the lord of the lay,
Some filberds to toſs, and to crack with his jokes.
The gay god of gardens gave all elſe away,
Laſt night in a treat to the maid of the oaks.
x. To
M. A. R. T. I. A L’s E P I G R A M S.
x. To a FR I E N D.
NO ſnake of Maſſylia my orchards defends :
No ſoil of Alcinous my wiſhes attends.
*
Secure my Nomentan : no robbers are here.
My crabs and my coddlings depend without fear.
Theſe pippins, in genial Subura that grew,
My autumn's beſt produce, have mellow'd for you.
XI. To S E XT I L I A N.
XII. To U M B E R.
XIII. To Post U M I A N.
Two pounds of fine filver you ſent,
To highten the ſolſtices glee.
The boon ten years ſince gave content,
And ſpoke you PostumiAN to me.
The
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XVII. To a P. R. E. T E N DE R.
XVIII. To Q U I NT I A N U. S.
XIX. On S A B E L L U.S.
. . .''. . . . … . . .
A a a Now
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s.
Now can envy unburſt eye the cloth, plate, or cates;
If but half be the truth, that SABELLUs relates ?
Can ſhe deem that SABELLUs, or lawyer alive,
Taſted richer Saturnians theſe twelvemonths twice five
XX. To G A L L A.
XXI. To a K I N S M A. N.
M A R T 1 A L’s e P 1 C R A M s. 36;
Not a brother, to my fondling mind,
Or a grandfire himſelf were more near.
Now the lands, all agape for the grain, - - - - -
A a a 2 PART
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
P A R T II.
I. To D I O D O R U S.
II. To J U S T IN U.S.
FULL fifty friends kind JustiN's call obey,
To the glad ſervice of his primal day.
Nor wont I, JustiN, to be rang'd the laſt,
Nor on my place a glare did envy caſt.
Mine, now the honors of the after mornſ
To fifty thou’rt to day, to me to-morrow born.
III. To C L Y T U S.
Thy
M A R T I A L’s E P. I G R A M S. 365
Thy trembling ſoftneſs may excel
The plumage of the ſky;
Or, ſtill to bear a finer ſwell,
New-clotted milk bely:
*:
May bear the ſwell, that heaves the breaſt
Of the maturing maid;
Where modeſty empal'd her neſt,
Tho' youth and beauty play'd :
To us young Clytus muſt be old;
What wonder muſt it raiſe,
If Priam, or if Neſtor, told
So many natal days l - ~
IV. To R E S T IT U T U S.
366 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M. S.
v. To v I R G I L I A N U.S.
GREAt Hermes graed the Ides of May,
Auguſtus' Ides were Dian's day;
}
*:
Oćtober's hail'd a VIRGIL's lay.
Oft may'ſt thou honor ev'ry Ide,
Who mak’ſt a MARo's day thy pride t
With
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
With the fifty, truth requires
Cenſer ſeventh, upon your fires.
Still to theſe, if ſo be beſt,
Add twice nine, I meek obteſt ; - {
That, not yet quite ſpent with age, -
XII. To M A R C E L L IN US.
H AIL, happy third beyond the Ides of May
Twice, my dear MARCELLINE, thy holy day.
This brought thy parent to th' ethereal gales:
This of thy down the primal harveſt hails.
On this whatever joys have whilom flow'd,
More on a father never day beſtow'd. :
XIII. On C A N I U. S.
*
. -*
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M. S.
*
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s,
.”
, 371
XV. To C A N I U.S.
XVII. On C L A U D I A.
XIX. On S U L P IT I A.
XX. To C A L E N U's.
FIFTEEN heavenly nuptial years,
Thou haſt with SULPITIA ſeen :
XXI. To N I G R IN A.
l||
T H E
-' ... "
º" . jº sº
-* * * *:
• * * *-
... -- . . " **
- 2. .* .** *
* ---
,.
----- ** - - --
... * *- : * *
( 375 ) ". . . .
T H E
E P I G R A M s
MARCUS VALERIUS MARTIAL.
B O O K IX.
On the FUNERAL CELEBRATIONS of the Romans.
I. On A NT IS TIUS and N I GR IN A.
II. To S E M P R O N I A.
SeMPRON1A,
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s.
SEMPRONIA, here ; ah! here thy Rufus lies,
Whoſe flame for thee not in his aſhes dies.
III. To W A R U S.
IV. On F U S C U S.
VII. To L U C A N.
IX. On V E S T L N. U S.
X. On C U R I, A T I U. S.
XI. On P 1 c E N S.
THR EE teeth he had, and out they flew,
Himſelf as by his grave he found.
Hg,
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S, 379.
He pickt them up, with pious view ; -
YII. On E T R U S C U S.
XIII. On R A B I R I U.S.
XIV. On S E V E R U S : To S I L I U.S.
TH EE, SILIus, not one way renown'd,
Thy rapt Severe in ſorrow drown'd :
C cc 2 Each
-
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XVIII. On E R O TI O N.
XXI. On C A N A C E.
XXII. On
384 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XXII. On DE METRIU S.
TH AT hand, to all my labors once ſo true,
Which I ſo lov'd, and which the Ceſars knew ;
Forſook the dear DEMETRIUs’ blooming prime :
Three luſters, and four harveſts, all his time.
That not to Styx a ſlave he ſhould deſcend,
When fell contagion urg'd him to his end;
We cheard, with all our rights, the pining boy.
Oh! that the convaleſcent could enjoy.
He taſted his reward, his patron bleſt,
And went a freeman to eternal reſt.
XXIV. To A L C I M U S. - |
R A PT from thy lord, O ALcIMus, a child !
Beneath a ſlender ſod now laid ſo low
To thee no nodding ſarcophage is pil'd,
Which vanity and coſt on love beſtow,
XXVIII. On E U T Y C H U S.
XXIX. On A N T U L L A : To F A U S T IN U. S.
XXXI. On a M A T R O N.
XXXII. On P LO TI A.
Lol Pyrrha's daughter, Neſtor's ſtepdame bold,
Whom Niobe, yet young, reſpected old :
Whom grandame the Dulichian fire yelept,
But ſimple nurſe imperial Priam kept.
Mother Thyeſtes hail'd her, tho' in law :
By youth and age was Plot IA ey'd with aw.
D dd 2 At
388 M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M S. -
XXXIII. On P H I L E N I S.
XXXIV. On
M.A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 389
XXXIV. On P A R I S.
XXXV. On L A T IN U S.
XXXVI. On S C O R P U.S.
B OAST, Vićtory, no more Idume's land:
Beat, Favor, thy bare breaſt, with barb'rous hand.
Change, weeping Honor, change thy glad attire :-
Feed, groaning Glory, feed the fun ral fire;
With the rich honors, from thy temples, tor'n :
There be no more the wonted garlands wor'n.
Of
390 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XXXVIII. On L. Y D I A.
TH E
. . . * ( 392 ) . . . . .
*
= == =-
T H E
E P I G R A M S
O F . . .
B O O K X.
The SAT U R N A L I A N H OS PITAL IT I E S.
I. To the M U S E S.
, ſº
-
tº . .4, Gº * - “ 's.
*
* . . "
.. . º
.. . . ºv,
. . ... . ; i tº ,
(i.e. II. To
-
* *
ſ
|
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 393 -
II. To the S N E E R E R.
\
THy ſent be e'er ſo keen, be noſe thy ſhare,
Such as an Atlas might deny to bear: -
III. To the R E A DE R.
IV. I N C E N S E.
V. S M O K E L E S S W o O D.
IF, near Nomentum, thou enjoy a ſeat;
Bring wood, wiſe ruſtic, to thy dear retreat.
E e e VI.
394. M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
VI. W H E A T.
VII. B A R L E Y.
W H AT, to the plaintleſs mules, their ſcourge denies;
This, to the hoſt humane, not thee, ſupplies.
X. L. E N T I L E S.
XI. C. O L E W O R T S.
Lest paly ſhoots o'ercaſt thy ſoul with ſpleen,
Let nitrous water glad them with her green.
XII, L E T T U C E.
XIII. B E E T.
I NSIPID beet may bid a tradeſman dine;
But aſks of thee abundant ſpice and wine.
XIV.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 395
XIV. A S P A R A G U.S.
THE ſwelling ſpire, mareen Ravenna's child,
Is not a ſweeter ſtalk, than ſprings the wild.
XV. Shred L. E. E. K. S.
- XVI. Headed L E E K S.
XVII. S C A L L I O N S.
IF envious age relax the nuptial knot;
Thy food be ſcallions, and thy feaſt ſhalot.
XVIII. T. U R N I. P. S.
xix. N A V E W S.
Us, Amiternum's happy gardens rear:
Fam'd Nurſia's balls, afford but ſecond chear.
XX. S H A M P I N I O N S.
XXI. T R U F F L E S.
XXIII. O L I V E S.
THE olive, that eſchew'd Picenum's preſs,
Flew thence to open, and to crown, the meſs.
XXVIII. P E A C H E S.
XXIX. C IT R O N S.
XXX. PIN E - A P P L E S,
- XXXII. S. O. R. B. S.
XXXV. The H A R E.
XXXVI. The C O N E Y.
XXXVII. The B O A R.
S UCH briſtler glar'd in Diomede's domain,
Till the Etolian ſpear imbru'd the plain.
XXXVIII.
398 M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s.
XXXVIII. The P I G.
XXXIX. The S T A G.
TH IS he, thou, Cypariſſus, once didſt rein;
Or, Silvia, thine; the parent of thy pain
XL. The D. O. E.
XLII. The R O E.
XLIV. The K I D S.
XLV. L. A. L I S I O.
THo: mere Laliſio, while a ſuckling tame 3
Infant no more, the Wild-Aſs is my name.
XLVI.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 399
XLVII. The D OR M O U S E.
XLVIII. P. A N N O N I A N S.
XLIX. The T H R U S H.
L. The G O D W I T.
LI. The W IT T A L.
LVI. The P H E A S A N T.
LVII. The P A R T R I D G E.
LX. The D O V E.
LXII. The C R A N E S.
LXIV. The S W A N.
W ITH falt'ring trill, the ſweetly-melting ſwan
Tunes his own dirge, and bids us mourn him gone.
LXV. The T U R K E Y.
LXVI. . The G O O S E.
LXVII. The D U C K.
THE duck decoys you? Pick the neck and breaſt;
And, to the worthy cook, return the reſt.
LXVIII. FE D F O W L.
LXIX. The C A P O N.
LXXI. The P U L L E T.
LXXIII. The L A M P R E Y.
LXXV. The S T U R G E O N.
* - - - -
LXXX. The C H A R.
C HAR, from the main, that comes ſo plump and pure;
Is, in the bowels, rich; remainder, poor. * -
LXXXIII. The O I S T E R.
LXXXIV. The S HR 1 M P.
By blue-ey'd Liris fondled, whom the grove
Of fam'd Marica crowns, we ſhrimplings rove.
LXXXV. S. O W S - U D D, E R.
LXXXVIII. A H A M.
LXXXIX. ' A G A M M O N.
XC, G O O S E S L IV E R.
XCI. F L O U R.
XCII. PIC E N T IN E L O A V E S.
XCIII. C H E E S E L UN IA N.
|
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s. 405
XCV. C H E E S E V E L A B. R. I.A. N.
XCVI. C H E E S E T R E B U-L A. N.
XCVII. B E A S T IN G.
XCVIII. E. G. G. S.
IF candid lymph ſuffuſe the ſaffron-ball,
Let brine Heſperian blend and temper all.
XCIX. A N C H O V Y - P I C K L E.
C, TU N N Y - P I C K L E.
CIII. V E N A F R A N O IL.
CV. J U C E of G RAIN.
-
CVI. R A IS IN - WIN E.
THE Cnoſſian vintage of a Minos' ile,
Seem'd on the poor to bid metheglin ſmile.
CVIII. M. ET H E G L IN.
CIX. A L BAN. -
CX. S U R R E N T IN E.
CXI. M. A S S I C. '
CXIII. F U N D A N. ×
CXIV. T. R. IF O L IN E.
CXV, c E c UB I A N.
C ECUBIAN joy Amycle's ſuns mature;
And verdant ſtill, the marſh-born vines endure.
CXVI. T ARENT IN E.
FAM’D for his wools, and vig'rous in his vines;
Thee Aulon fleeces yield, indulge me wines.
CXVII. M. A M E R T IN E.
IF Neſtor's age preſent thee Mamertine;
Name e'er ſo high, thou'lt not miſname the wine,
CXVIII,
4.08 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
CXVIII. N O M E NTA N.
CXIX. C E R E T A N.
CXXII. P E L I G N IA N.
CXXIII. M. A S S I L I A N.
CXXIV. S I G N I A N.
CXXV. E G Y PT I A N V IN E G A R.
cxxvi, o IN T M E N T.
L EAVE not thine heir, thine unguent, or thy wine.
His be the pence: but thoſe to thee conſign.
CXXVII. The WINTER - WREATH.
|
FOR thee, great CesAR, garlands haſte to grow :
The roſes, vernal erſt, hibernal blow.
Ggg THE
( 41o . )
T H E
E P I G R A M S
. O F
B O O K XI.
The S A T U R N A L I A N P R E S E N T S.
I. P R E F A T. O. R. Y.
III. CIT R O N - TA B L E T S.
IV. I V O R Y - TA B L E T S.
v. F 1 v E F o L D S.
W ITH bulloc's gore, imperial altars glow ;
The arduous meed, if fivefold wax beſtow.
VI. T H R E E F O L D S.
VII. V. I T E L L I A N S.
IX. V E L L U M - T A B L E T S.
X. PA P E R - P O C K E T B O O K.
XII. B O O K - C A S E, or D E S K.
IF my books, you do not bind ;
I'l admit the tiny-kind.
XIV. P E N C A S E.
:
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 41.3
xv. w RITING-REEDs.
OF writing-reeds, the Memphian are the beſt:
Thatch, if you can, your cabbin with the reſt.
XVI. S T A N’D IS H.
XVII. C H A M B E R - L. A. M. P.
XVIII. C. A N D L E.
XIX. Many-match L A M P.
O ’ER brighteſt banquets, I diffuſe my flame;
And beam with various eyes, tho' one my name.
XX. W A X - T A P E R.
XXII, W O O DE N C A N D L E S T I C.
XXVI. W O O DE N C OF FE R.
XXVII. T A L L I E S, or CO C K AL L.
W HEN not a piece preſents an equal face,
You'l own my preſent bears no common grace.
…
XXVIII. D I C E. A. D. Y.
XXIX. The D I C E - B O X.
XXX. P L A Y IN G - T A B L E S.
XXXII. N U T. S.
XXXIII. CO IT or Q U O IT.
W HEN Spartan diſks diſcharge, away each boy! -
XXXIV. The H O O P.
XL. The B A T H - B E L L.
XLI. The B A L L A N C E S.
XLII. The O I L - H O R N.
XLIV. The L E T H E R - C A P.
XLVI. An U M B R E L L A.
XLVIII. H U NT IN G – S P E A R S.
XLIX. The H U NT IN G - TU C K.
LI. The D A G G E R. . -
LII. A S W OR D, a S I C K L E.
M E, melting peace, to blandeſt uſes, bent :
The ſoldier's ſaber, to the ſwain's content.
LIII. A H A T C H E T, or B AT T L E - A X.
W HEN barb'rous auðtion ſet up all to pay;
Four hundred thouſand threw this blade away.
LW. A. T. O. O. T H P I C K E R.
LVII. A B A C K - S C R A T C H E R.
LVIII. A G O L D E N PIN.
LEST filk and ſoking curls ſhould diſagree,
Of laſting peace, this pin be garantee.
* LX. S O P E.
LXI. MA TTIA C B A L L S.
LXIV. S. A. L T P E T E R.
LXV. B A L S A M or B A L M.
LXVI. L. O. T I O N.
THE gratefull gift may humbling ſecrets hide;
If, into Steven's baths, by day thou glide.
LXVII. The S TO M A C H E R.
LXVIII. B R E A S T - B A N D.
LXXI. An A P R O N.
LXXIII. A M U F F L E R.
LXXIV. C I L I C I A N S O C K S.
NO fleece of ſheep, but beard of goat are we :
Cheard, in Cinyphian bed, thy ſole may be.
LXXV. S L I P P E R S.
B OYLESS, would'ſt on or off thy ſlippers put
Thy moſt obſequious ſlave thou'lt find thy foot.
LXXVI. R. I N G S.
LXXVII A R IN G-C As E.
A Heavy hoop may unétuous joints forſake:
For thy dear brilliant, mine enſurance take.
LXXVIII. The G O W N.
LXXIX. The S P O R T U L E.
LXXX. The E N D R O M I S.
A Poor-man's preſent, not a poor-man's wear:
We, for a gownling, this rough mantlet ſpare.
LXXXVI. FR IE Z E - C L O KE.
LXXXV. . . .
422 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
LXXXVII. The L E T H E R - C L O K E.
XCI. BE TIC O V E R A L L.
XCIII. W H IT E W O O L S.
XCIX. P E A C O C - B E D.
C. A SIG M A – C O U C H.,
CIV. H. A. Y.
CVI. A FRIE Z E - C O U N T E R P A N E.
CVII. C. O V E R L E T S.
CXI. A C IT R O N - TA B L E.
CXV. S P U N G E.
CXVI. IN LA ID P L A T T. E. R. S.
CXX. B A S C A UD A ; or B A S K E T.
FROM painted Britains, I Baſcauda came :
Whom now imperial Rome would native claim.
CXXI. P. A N A CIA N W E S S E L.
CXXII. S N OW-C U L L A N DE R.
CXXIII. A S N O W. S E R C E. *
S NOWS may attenuate thro’ the ſlender lawn :
A cooler ſtream was ne'er from ſtrainer drawn.
CXXIV. A S N O W - F L A G O N.
CXXV. S N O W S.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 427.
cxxvii. PIT c H E R L IN G s.
B E cold but thine, the warm will ſoon abound:
But thou beware, nor want and wealth confound.
CXXVIII. An E A R T H E N - PITC HE R.
CXXIX. B E A K E R S.
CXXX. V AT IN I A N C UAP S.
CXXXI, S A G U N T IN E C U P S.
CXXXII. S U R R E N T IN E C U P S.
CXXXIV. A N T E E K G O B B L E T S.
CXXXVI. A P E R F U M E D F L A S K.
CXXXVIII. G L A S S - G O B B L E T S.
CXXXIX. G L A S S - CUPS.
PLE BEIAN vauſes, of audacious glaſs:
No boiling billow frights our gemmy maſs.
CXL, C R Y S T A L L IN E s.
FE ARING to break, you break the brittle ware:
Alike err ſlacker and intenſer care.
CXLI. M. Y. R. R. H I N E S.
__--—-
r
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 429
CXLV. A M E DIC IN E - C H E S T.
~
CXLVII. L. A S H.
CXLIX. W H I. P.
CLII. The B E E S O M ; or B R O O M :
TI S true the beeſom bore the palm away;
But now the relics give the broom her bay.
CLIII. The S C R I P.
CLIV. The R A T T L E.
CLV. The C Y M B A L.
CLVI. P I P E. ,
CLVIII. H A R P ; or, L YR E.
I Won his conſort, for the magic elf;
Whoſe love, impatient, loſt in her himſelf.
CLIX.
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s. 431
CLXII. H. O. M. E. R, in vellum.
I HE HERoe, and the sapienT, Priam's foes ;
Alike enroll'd in many a ſkin repoſe.
CLXIII. VI R G IL’s GN A T.
CLXVI. P R O P E R T I U. S.
THE youthfull theme, that bid PROPERTIUs glow,
Knew to acquire much fame, and much beſtow.
CLXVII,
432 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
||
CLXVII. T. I B U L L U. S.
CLXVIII. C. A T U L L U. S.
CLXIX. L. U C A N.
CLXXIII. S A L L U S T.
CLXXIV. V E R S E S, on waters.
I HE verſe, that dares the various ſtreams to limn,
Had better down her fav'rite waters ſwim.
CLXXV.
M A R T I A L’s E P. I G. R. A. M. S. 433
CLXXVI. P. A. L L A S, in ſilver.
CLXXVII. H E R C U L E S, Corinthian.
VI CTORIOUS o'er the ſnakes, the infant ſtands.
E’en now might Hydra dred the tender hands.
CLXXVIII. H E R C U L E S, in clay.
I Own me child of earth, nor own it ſhame:
Alcides bluſhes not, to wear my name.
CLXXXII. D A N A E, painted.
W HY, ruler of Olympus, Danae pay,
What Leda gave, gratuitous, away : - -
K kk - CLXXXIII.
434 M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M S. -
. . CLXXXIII. E U R O PA, painted.
BETTER, fige fire of gods, thou bull might'ſ be: . . . . . . . * -
-
CLXXXIV. L E A N DE R, in marble.
A MID the waves could bold Leander burn : ,
Abſorb me, billows ; but, as I return.
CLXXXVIII. A D W A R F.
CLXXXIX. The T A R G U E T.
- CXCI. |
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M s. 435
CXCV. The S E C R. E. T. A R Y.
cxcvi. The w R E S T L E R.
I Love not him who beats, but him who bends;
And the back-game, who better apprehends.
CXCVII, A P E.
CC. PIG MY - M U L E S.
CCI. The G A L L I C A N L A P - D O G.
CCIII. The H A W K.
CCIV. P. A R R O T.
CCW. M. A. G. P. Y.
CCVI. R A V E N.
* CCVIII. A C- A G E.
CCXI. A R HO D I A N C A K E.
CCXIV. The S A U S A G E.
THE ſauſage, that could glad a Saturn's heaven,
Had gladded me, ere yet commenc'd the ſeven.
CCXV.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
CCXV. The , R A M’s H E A D.
CCXVII. The CO O K.
CCXX. B R E A K F A S T.
T H E
--
* -->
- **
&
*.
... **
E P I G R A M S
O F
B O O K XII.
I. To C E S A. R.
II. To M. A R C U S.
IV. To S T E L L A.
… v. To S A B I NU S.
N OT ev'ry page of ours invokes the night:
Some, ſweet SABINUs, meek-ey'd morn invite. *
-
VI. To A V IT U S. . . •
*
H E RE ſome good things, ſome middling, more bad, you will ſee: .
Elſe a book, my Avitus, it never could be.
YII. To L A U S U. S.
IX. To a V O L U M E.
My ſtrains, that wont by Pyrgi's port to ſtray ;
Go, ſweep the Sacred ('tis no duſty) way.
IX. To P O N T I L I A N.
XI. To T U C C A.
XII. To C L A S S I C U S.
XIII. On
º|
M. A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 441
XIII. On P A U L U.S.
P AUL verſes buys ; and what he buys, recites.
XIV. To F 1 D E N T IN U.S.
My living lays were thoſe that you diſpenſe:
But, when you murder them, they yours commence.
XV. To C E L E R, or QUICK.
C ANST bid me, Quick, to thee my ſtrains reherſe
Thou ſeekeſt not to hear, but ſpeak, my verſe.
XVI. To V E L O X, or S WIFT.
XVII. To V A R U S. -
XVIII. To M A M E R c U.S.
Nought you recite, and would be pris'd a poet
Be what you will, ſo no reciting blow it.
XIX. On P I C E N S.
xxi. To a PE TT IF O G GE R.
A Brangler, I know not who, pecks at the poet: - ". . .
But, woe to thee, pecſter! if I come to know it. . . . . . .. . . -
XXII. To B I T H Y NICU. S.
XXIII. On C I N N A.
XXIV. To N O S Y.
XXVII. To an O D D IT Y.
XXIX. On C H E A P N E S S.
XXXI. On W A T E R at R A V E N N A.
XXXIV. On E U T R A P E L U.S.
XXXVI. To O L U. S. - --
THy beard is hoary ; but thy locks are black:
To tinge the beard, thou haſt not yet the knack.
L 1 l 2 XXXVII.
444. M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
XXXVII. On D. I. A U L U. S.
XXXIX. On D. O C T OR T I L T E R.
XL. On doćtor H E R O D.
XE...I. To C O T T A.
XLIII. To M A T H O.
XLIV. To H E L I U. S.
.
No idler you : who bring to ſale you, huſh.
XLV. To
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S, 445
XLV. To M A X IM U S.
XLVIII. On A P O L L O D O TU S.
XLIX. To P O N T I L I A N.
L. To P R IS C U S.
LI. To S O S I B I A N.
LII. To C I N N A.
LIV. To M A TT U.S.
W HO denies he's at home, when his knocker you ply;
Onely ſays, Friend, to you or I ſleep, or Ily.
LW. To P O N T I C U S.
LVII. To G A R G 1 L I A N.
For a fool twenty thouſand I gave, and am bit.
Give me back, GARG, my thouſands: the zany has wit.
LVIII. On a MU L E T E E R.
* LIX. To C A T I A N.
LX, To L E V IN U S.
LXIV. On F A N N I U. S.
LXVI. To E M I L I A N U.S.
LXVIII. To A U C T U S.
LXXI. To G A R R I c U.S.
You ſent a pound: a quarter you beſtow.
Pay me at leaſt the half-pound that you ow. *
LXXII. To S E XT U.S. )
A Pound of ſilver thou couldſt once ſupply;
Then half of pepper: pepper came too high.
LXXIII. On D I O D O R U S : To F L A C C U S.
LXXIV. To S E X T U S. -
* LXXVI. To C IN N A.
TIs a mere nothing, CINNA, ſtill you cry.
If nothing you demand, I nought deny.
- LXXVII.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 449
LXXVIII. On C A S T O R.
LXXIX. On O L L U.S.
N OBLE OLLus conſtručted the poor a retreat:
Tho' his lands all he ſold, he poſſeſſes a ſeat.
LXXX. On L IN U S.
LXXXI. To a FRIEND.
I Aſkt twice fix thouſand; you ſent me but once:
Twice twelve had I aſkt, had I not been a dunce.
LXXXII. To M A T H O.
LXXXIV. To L I N U. S.
LXXXVI. To F A U S T IN U.S.
LXXXVII. To R E G U L U. S.
Ingrate would ſhe brand thee, did ſhe ſee thee ſo.
LXXXIX. To M A. R. O.
XC. To G A U R U S.
XCII. To C A TU L L U.S.
C ATULLUS, me thine heir thou haſt decreed :
I ſhall not credit it, unleſs I read.
XCIII.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 45 I
XCIII. On L A B I E N U S.
XCIV. On M A. R. I U. S.
XCV. On C R IS PU S : To F A U S T IN U.S.
XCVII. On P H I L O.
XCVIII. To N A S I C A.
W HEN, NAsica, you know me engag’d, you invite:
Entertainment at home muſt deny me delight.
-
XCIX. To S E XT U S.
C. To G A L L I C U S.
CI. To O L U. S.
CII. To an entertainer.
CIII. To R U F U.S.
CIV. On A P E R.
CV. On C A R IS I A N.
CVI. To C I N N A.
CVII. To T U C C A.
CVIII. On C A N U. S.
CIX. On E T H O N.
CX. On C E C I L I A N : To TITU S.
CXI. To M A R U L L U.S.
IT has ſhrewdly been rumor'd, MARui, without fleer 5.
CXII. To P O M P O N I U. S. -
CXIV. To an entertainer.
CXV. To P O N T I C U S.
CXVI. To C I N N A.
• CXVII. On A C E R R.A.
CXVIII. To P O S T U M U.S.
CXX. On C A S C E L L I U.S.
IN ſixtieth autumn, CAscEL's parts are mellow :
What ſeaſon made, or ſhall, the poinant fellow
OXXI. On M U N N A.
CXXII. To SOPH R O N I U. S.
THRo: thy fine frame, ſo beams the heavenly fire,
I marvel thou could'ſt prove an earthly fire.
CXXIII. On C O D R U S.
CXXIV. On A S P E R.
A beauteous form could eyeleſs Asper pleaſe;
Who fondly more can fancy, than he ſees.
CXXV,
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 45.5
CXXV. To a FA V OR IT E.
CXXVI. To another.
Such ſtifneſs, eaſe ; ſuch ſweets and ſours about thee!
I cannot live, or with thee, or without thee.
CXXVII. To P H E B U.S.
CXXXIII.
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
CXXXIII. To C H A R IN U. S.
CXXXIV. To P A P I L U. S.
CXXXVI. To- N E S T O. R.
. . THou marvel'ſ that Mariuſes ear ſhould ſmell ill.
Thyſelf art the cauſe, who art whiſpering ſtill.
CXXXVII. To S.A. BID I'Us.
SABB Y, I love thee not, nor can ſay why.
One thing I can ſay, SAB : thee love not I.
CXXXIX. . . To H E R M U. S. .
CXL. To M A C E R.
CL. To F L A C C U S.
CLII. On N E VI A.
I Wrote, ſhe wrote not back; ſo won't fulfil.
Yet, what I wrote, ſhe red; and therefore will.
CLIII. To F A U S T U.S.
CLIV. To C L A U D I A.
CLV. On S P A T A L E.
Could, what nor is, nor was, nor e'er ſhall be,
CLVII.
M A R T 1 A L’s E P I G R A M s. 459
CLVIII. To T H A I S.
CLXI. To L E L I A.
CLXII. To L E S B I. A.
CLXIV. On L Y CO R I S.
ONE-EY D LYcoris likes the lad of Troy.
What wond’rous viſion one eye may enjoy.
N n n 2 - CLXV.
460 M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S.
CLXVII. On P H I L E N I S.
CLXVIII. On L I G E I A.
CLXIX. On A F R A.
CLXX. To another.
CLXXI. To M A N N E I A.
CLXXII. To B A S S A.
CLXXIV. To B A S S A.
CLXXVI. On a G OW NED E U NU C.
CLXXVIII. To P O L L A.
CLXXX. On P A U L A.
CLXXXIII. To P A U L A. º
CLXXXV. On G E L L I.A.
W HY thy GELLIA will onely her eunucs retain
Take it, PANNic: thy GELLIA loves pleaſure, not pain.
GLXXXVII. To G A L L U. S. i
CLXXXVIII. On G E L L I U.S.
CLXXXIX. On A FE R : To C E D IT I A N.
CXC. To A L A UD A.
THy wife calls thee wencher, ye well may compare:
Herſelf hugs the fellows, that carry her chair.
CXCI. On A P E R.
WITH a fly ſhaft, he ſhot his dowried wife.
Arch APER knows the game, and plays for life.
CXCII. To G A L L A.
CXCVIII. To P I C E N T IN U.S.
CXCIX. To P H I L E R O S.
CC. On C H L O E.
CCII. To A RT E M I Do RUS.
VENUs you paint, to Pallas homage pay;
And wonder that the graces were away.
CCIV. On T U R N U S.
CCVI. On P. H. A E TO N enamelled.
CCVIII. On a LI ZZ A R D engraved.
C ARV’D on the cup, by Mentor's magic hand,
The lizzard bids aghaſt the gazer ſtand.
CCIX. To a boaſter.
CCX. To C H I O N E, or SNO W.
W HY thou'rt worthy thy name, and unworthy, I'l ſhow.
Thou art cold, and art black: thus art not, and art, SNow.
CCXI. On C H I O N E: To R U F U.S.
CCXII. On PA U L IN U.S.
CCXIV. On A C H I L L A S.
CCXV. To E M I L I A N.
CCXVI. On D IS TI C S.
-º
CCXVII. To the R E A D E R.
#;
O MIT TE D,
M A R T I A L’s E P I G R A M S. 467
O M I T T E D, - *
Book I. Part. II. Epigram VII, but inſerted duly in the Tables, the Com
ment, and the Latin Edition.
O o o 2 * * The .
&ººrºº ºaſe…Sººº...}^^* SºrosºftNºdºſſºsºſºvº&
The Reader may have correóted theſe errors, that eluded every care of the Preſs.
-
and that in Book II. Epigrams 39, 36, 35, 37, 38, ſhould be ranged 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, as they are in
the Tables, Notes, and Latin Edition. -
*Aygüesºsºsºftºes” ºftº
( 469 )
C O M M E N T
O N T H E
E P I G R A M S of M A R T I A L.
B O O K T.
P A R T I.
Epiſtle dedicatory, pa U RIFI E. D. Purifica They waſhed therefore their hand, in innocence, and /?
ragraph 2, line 5. cation, or refinement, did they compaſ, the altar; as the Romans not onely
ſoon appeared neceſſary to metals, and to men. Eve waſhed their hands, but their whole bodies, before a
ry element, having more or leſs contributed to the common meal. The firſt point however, of ancient
need, muſt more or leſs conduce to the remedy. Earth hoſpitality, was the waſhing of the ſtrangers' feet. Nor
and air, alike by groſsneſs and fineneſs, ſeeming in could the ſtrangers, ſo refreſhed, be leſs attentive to
nocent and unavailing; the great purifiers, as reſiſt their generous entertainers. Cuſtoms will coincide,
leſs pervaders, muſt be fire and water. Delicate has where they could not be communicated. In all re
reaſon ever been, in purification literal or figurative; clining countries, the gueſts dropped their ſlippers
previous to entrance, whether of ſacred place, or on or ſandals, before they went to table. In Rome ſo
auguſt performance. Before ſacrifice to the ſupernal they did, in Magindano ſo they do; and ſo doutleſs
powers, (whoſe altar was white, or of a light color;) in ſimilar ſituations. Uncovering thus the feet on
natural votaries waſhed themſelves over and over: to entering ſacred places, was univerſally a mark of re
the infernal, (whoſe altar was black, or duſky;) aſ verential purity. Men failed not to put off their ſhoes,
perſion or ſprinkling ſufficed. No wonder if weak the moment they were ſenſible, that the ground on
as depraved man have, in various ages and nations, which they ſtood was holy: and there they walked
even where he moſt boaſted, and where he moſt might ſoftly, in reverence and humiliation. Defilement be
have enjoyed illumination; made barbarous abuſe of come natural to ſlumbering man, its counteračtion
both the obviouſly purifying elements: if infancy became the object of his awakers. Hence the Jew
have been made to paſs thro’ the fire, and inno iſh purifications, the Roman luſtrations, the conſe
cence put to the teſt equally of fire and water. cration of places as well as of perſons, and the ſe
Numberleſs, as the inſtances, are the alluſions: Gold cluſion of the impure: hence whatever we anywhere
is tried in the fire, and acceptable men in the furnace find conducive to the retrieval and improvement of
of adverſity. Draw near, ye candidates for holy ini a being, who, gradually ungroſſening, becomes pro
tiation; having your hearts ſprinkled from an evil portionably aware, that the perfection of probatio
conſcience, and your bodies waſhed with pure water. nary nature muſt confiſt in purity.
* EP1c.
470 c o M M E N T
Ep 1 G. I. Line i. Page 2. Laurel'd gods. That Gentile were alſo ſometimes the titles of the Mu
laurel was the natural emblem and ſymbol of vic ſes, who could not but honor the reſpective countries
tory, the terms become ſynonymous evince. With of the bards they loved. Thus with Meonides or
laurel was adorned not onely the head of the vićtor; Homer, Heſiod, Pindar, Sophocles, and Theocri
but every place, perſon, and thing, that caught tus; were they Meonian, A/cream, Theban, Attic, and
glory by claiming relation. Sicilian; with Virgil, Horace, Ovid, Juvenal, Mar
The houſehold gods of the Romans, were Lares tial; Mantuan, Wenuſian, or Apulian, Pelignian, Aqui
and Penates : the latter a more vague, thence more nian, Celtiberian; in general, with the Greeks, Gre
venerated, tho’ no other than a poſſeſſive appella cian or Athenian ; with the Latins, Latin or Romaw.
tion; the former, if ſometimes fabled a twin-pro To them were many places, as well as perſons, ſa
geny of Mercury and Lara or Larunda, the manifeſt cred: eſpecially the mountains, rivers, ſprings, where
plurality of Lar, perhaps a deified heroe. Inter they joyed to roam, lave, and quaf. Phocis, in
changeable repreſentatives do we thus find them, in Achaia, poſſeſſed Parnaſus, truly the mount of divi
the images, of the protecting powers; and ſo held nation, with his double top Cyrrha and Nyſa, and the
the ſubſtitutional guardians of habitation and cir Delphic Oracle at the bottom. Beotia, tho’ not fa
cumjacency. Incenſe, flowers, fruits, and a por - med for univerſal fertility of genius, had her pecu
ket, became the joint or ſeparate ſacrifice. liar compenſations; particularly in the lofty Helicon,
– ii. 2. Muſe: THAL1A, the ſprightly, co-. with his flood Permeſſus. The vaſt Pindus, that di
mic, and convivial; conſequently MART I Al's. Her vided Macedon from Etolia, and Epirus from Theſ
ſiſters: Eut E R p e, of variouſly harmonic power; ſaly, was a favorite hant of the Nine. Nor could
TER Psichore, who loves dance as well as ſong; Olympus, parting Theſſaly and Macedon, and ſup
ERA to, the ennobler of love; Melpo MENE, the poſed the higheſt mountain on earth, thence the a
miſtreſs of the mournfull; Clio, the guardian of bode of the Thunderer, be unreverenced or unfre
glory; CAll I ope, of heroic ſong; Poly HYMNIA quented by the pious Maids.
and UR AN1A, more various, but always elevating As from Parnaſſus flowed the ſounding Caftalia, near
inſpirers: theſe are, with Thal 1A, the daughters Helicon did Pegaſus ſtrike out Hippocrene; and into his
of MNE Mos Y Ne, or Memory; and, obviouſly, as Perme/us glided the verdant ſpring, Enippe ; or the
their mother, of Greek origin ; each name, like cup of verdure, Agamippe: every one ſo beloved and
hers, exhibiting the reſpective character. honored by the Muſes.
Beſide the peculiar titles, that every Muſe natu Hail, exhauſtleſs ſources of inveſtigation, inſ?ruc
rally draws; they prove, in that general harmony tion, joy / whence whoſo duly draws, can never be un
which their very diverſity conſtitutes, occaſionally quenched, tho’ never ſated; cannot remain un
ſtiled, Aonian, from Aonia, a mountainous part of cheared, or be long unfortunate.
Beotia, where they delighted to range; Pegaſtan, II. i. 2. Palladian hills. Domitian celebrated
from their favorite ſpring Hippocrene, which the yearly, on mount Alban, the Quinquatrians, a feſtival
poetic ſteed Pegaſus opened with his hoof; Pimplean, of five days, he had revived in honor of Pallas or
from Pimpla, a hill and rill ſacred to them in Mace Minerva, the patroneſs of genius, learning, and
don; Pierian, whether from another mountain and arts; conſequently of arms. He there excited the
fountain ; or from their hapleſs challengers, Pierus' emulation of orators and poets, himſelf crowning
daughters, whom, more eaſily vanquiſhed than fi each vićtor with an oaken wreath. On the firſt of
lenced, they duly changed (ſays Ovid) into mag thoſe high days, which was the fifth to the Ides (our
pies; and Caſalian, from Caſtalia, who, to elude eleventh) of March; the feſtivity was wholely in
Apollo, glided into a fountain (ſometimes named telle&tual : the four following admitted, nay invited,
Hyanteau) at the foot of mount Parnaſſus; as Daphne, the various play of arms. The ſmaller or ſecondary
on like occaſion, flew into the laurel, thence dear to Quinquatrians were ſolemnized on the Ides (begin
the lovers of the Muſes, as to the god of wit (and ning therefore the ninth) of June.
light) their patron.
– ii.
O N M A R T 1 A L. 471
— ii. 2. Trivia: Diana, protećtreſs of inno the enchantreſs found Latium ſo rich in poiſonous
cence, health, and highways. Her temple at Ari herbs ; becauſe-Lat, with its plural-Latim or Latin,
cia (now Rizza) was beheld on one hand from the denotes incantation or enchantment. Near the foot
Alban mount; as was 7 hetis, or her domain the ſea, of Circeium or Circeum, and the Pomptinian or
on the other. *
Pontinian marſh (firſt drained by the conſul Corne
Some hold the name Trivia of higher origin, lius Cethegus, and after by Theodoric, king of the
as interchanging, in various figure, Diana with Lu Goths) ly the ruins of Circeii, and ſtands the vil
ma (the Moon) and Proſerpina, the daughter of Ce lage of S. Felicita, twenty-five miles from Rome.
res, and conſort of Pluto, according to the celebra A hundred furlongs hence, near the mouth of the
ted correlation, which may thus be rendered: Ufens (now Il Portatore), and half way between
Diana, Luna, Proſerpine; Rome and Naples, ſtood Anxur, (now Tarracina, )
Purſues, enlights, or aws; noted for white clifs and ſalutary waters.
The ſavage, ſky, or ſhade divine; - antepenult. 2. The love and gratitude of jove :
By ſhaft, or ſmile, or laws. the former to mankind, in protećting its patron; the
— iii. 2. The righteous ſºfters: figures of propi latter to that patron, who had defended the Capitol
tious and adverſe Fortune, the reigning deity of An in his youth, and reſtored it in his maturity. No
tium (now Anzo); of which Latian city, a hundred wonder if our bard doubly honored the champion of
and eighty-eight furlongs from Rome, the wave Jupiter and Minerva; or if, without a Gauliſ, untu
waſhing the walls, made a ſort of ſuburb. tored credulity, he ſhould pleaſe himſelf with depen
— v. 2. Eneas' nurſe : from whom, if we believe ding on ſuch a judges peruſal, and conſequent ap
(and who can dout :) Virgil, was named Caieta, (ſtill probation. -
Gaieta or Gaeta) a promontory and port of Campa III. laſt. 3. Cecropian maid: Pallas. Cecrops,
nia, now Terra di Lavoro. Servius however draws the an Egyptian, who brought (ſay they) a colony to
name, from the burning of the Trojan fleet, Strabo Attica, earned alliance and ſucceſſion to king Ac
from the hollowneſ of the harbor, and Diodorus from teus, taught the uſe of the olive, and founded the
Eeta or Eetes, king of the Colchians, ſon of the Sun, city, as well as the citadel of Athens; which king
by Perſa, daughter of the Ocean; but moſt renowned Pandion rebuilt under the auſpices of Minerva, the
as father to Medea, as poſſeſſed and diſpoſſeſſed of the undouted tutelar. Pallas, as patroneſs of the olive,
Golden Fleece, as dethroned and reſtored by his ſon claimed the preference, even to Neptune, who had
in-law. produced onely the horſe, of giving name to the ci
— vi. z. The ſun’s potent daughter: Circe, from ty, which ſhe, by her Cecrops, had reared. -
whom Circeium (now Circello) and Circeii, a moun V. ii. 3. Scipio and Metellus; ſurnames of perhaps
tain and maritime town of Latium, are fond to de the two moſt illuſtrious families of Rome; the for
duce their names. Hither the dire daughter of Sol mer patrician, the latter plebeian. Publius Corne
and Perſe (fifter conſequently to Eetes) is ſaid to have lius, the ſtaff of a ſightleſs parent, became thence a
been driven by the Sarmats; to whom, believed the Scipio to his country. He proved not onely worthy
poiſoner of their king her huſband, her tyranny to encounter Annibal ; but, wounded, and almoſt
proved no longer tolerable. Here falling in love overwhelmed in battle, to find a reſcuer in a ſon of
with Glaucus, a ſea-god, ſhe turned his favorite ſeventeen. For his numberleſs vićtories, and mani
Scylla into a monſter; as ſhe did Picus, king of the fold merits; offered ſtatues, conſulſhip, dićtature;
Latins, for preferring his Camens, into a woodpecker; he as conſtantly declined every mark of honor, as he
and Ulyſſes’ companions, into cognate hogs; tho’ perſevered in deſerving it.
them ſhe reſtored, to oblige him, who made her pa That ſon, diſtinguiſhed firſt when a boy, for his
rent of his innocent parricide Telegonus. But Bo regularity in devotion at the temple of the Supreme;
chart, whoſe etymology often unravels the incredi after vanquiſhing (like his father) the Carthaginians
ble, ſhows that, in the Phenician tongue, Scylla and in Spain, and taking New Carthage, overthrew An
Charybdis, the rock and whirlpool, are Scrl, deſtruc nibal in Afric, and rendered Carthage tributary.
tion, and Chor-obdan, the hole of perdition ; that This Scipio, ſurnamed duly the African ; crowning,
q aS
472 C O M M E N T
as crowned by, the friendſhip of Lelius; could not a triumph; adorned with thirteen commanders ta
be deemed unfortunate in a ſon; who, compenſating ken, and a hundred and twenty elephants.
in literary talents, his feebleneſs of perſon ; ſup Beſide our L. Metellus, from his conqueſt of Crete,
plied alſo this, in adopting the ſon of Lucius Emi ſtiled Cretan, or Cretian; and the ſubduer of Ju
lius Paulus, or Paulus Emilius; a Scipio no leſs gurtha, thence named the Numidian ; the moſt fa
properly named Emilian, than African the leſ; virtue mous was Quintus (every one was Cecilius) from
hereditary and adoptive having united to form the Macedonia ſubdued, called the Macedonian. Ac
overthrower of Carthage and Numantia. countable is his ſucceſs from an anecdote. One of
It were injuſtice to omit Lucius Scipio, from his his officers aſking him a ſecret, he anſwered: Thought
ſucceſſes in Aſia, particularly againſt Antiochus, ſur I my tunic knew it, I would inſtantly throw her into
named the Aſiatic. By envy accuſed of extortion, the fire. Well might he be held the happieſt of mor
he appealed even to the Tribunes; among whom tals, who, endowed with every quality of body and
Gracchus, his moſt avowed enemy, abſolved him mind; poſſeſſed of every honor, forain and domeſtic;
from the imputation. Balefull ſpirit of party that ſaw four ſons of cenſorial, conſular, or triumphal
could ever have raiſed an enemy to a Scipio, and ſuch dignity; three deſerving daughters, matched with
a Scipio, in a Gracchus, the grandſon of Scipio the the moſt illuſtrious men, and mothers of the moſt
African ; much more that the ingenious ſon of a hopefull progeny; who, full of years, and all that
Cornelia's care, ſhould have drawn his own death years could beſtow, fell, as it were, aſleep on the
upon him from the hands of his couſin and uncle, the pile. -
chief pontif, as ſuch ſtiled the protećtor of divine - penult. 3. The ſire and ſon: Veſpaſian and Ti
and human things. tus, jointly overthrew the Jews, named Idumeans,
This Scipio, ſon-in-law to the African, put, when from Idume or Edom, the ſouth-weſt part of Judea.
cenſor, a negative on the ſtatues each new conſul Domitian, yet a youth, fingly vanquiſhed the Catti
was rearing to himſelf in the forum; as, when con and Daci, whence the titles of Dacian and Germanic
ſul, after his conqueſts in Dalmatia, he refuſed every devolved upon him. Dacia comprehended Tranſil
vania, Walachia, and Moldavia, on the Danube.
title and triumph. Nor onely, like all the Scipio's, -
ſiſterly twinkled by turns. Heroe as he was, he The lady was now all the adventurer wanted : nor
took Meduſa, with her hiſſers, mapping; whipt off could a lady offer more opportunely to a heroe. A
her head ; and clapt it, as new armor, on the center mother's falſe delicacy, or falſe dignity, may have
of his ſhield. With this he next viſited the inhoſpi enſlaved a daughter; whoſe other friends may have,
table Atlas, king of Mauritania, whom a moment with falſe indignation or imprudent ſympathy, ex
turned into a mountain; as ſoon after, in the Egean, poſed her to ſome land-cub or ſea-calf, whoſe ad
Seriphus into a rock. While at war with the Ethio dreſſes, at firſt intolerable, might have come to be
pians, he beheld the fair Andromeda, their king's bor'n. From domeſtic thraldom and forain danger
daughter; by the Nereids, whom her mother’s pride ſeems Andromeda thus delivered; and, while ſhe
had provoked, expoſed on a rock to a ſea-monſter. makes happy him who made her ſo, ſhe proves the
Him the heroe ſlaying, reſcued the princeſs ; who, bleſt exalter of her family. Various are however
with her hand, rewarded the vićtor. On his return the modes of conſtellation. Some think that Per
with every laurel to Argos, by a random-coit he kil ſeus became indeed the ſhepherd of his people; that he
led Acriſius his grandfather. What gave him a opened ſchools, cheriſhed genius, promoted excel
crown, took his peace away : nor ceaſed he to pine, lence; that thence he and his were duly elevated to
till himſelf, his Andromeda; nay with her both her the ſkies.
parents, Cepheus and Caſſiope; were conſtellated on — v. 4. Sarmatic : the appropriative of Sarmat,
the back of the ſmaller Bear. or Sarmatia, European and Aſiatic; which compri -
Can a fable ſo wild have any meaning The very ſed Poland, Ruſſia, Tartary; and is therefore ſome
names Meduſa, Sthenio, and Euryale; Study, Power, times epitheted, comparatively with ſothern coun
- -
P. pp tries,
#74 C O M M E N T
tries, hyperborean or northern. The Geter inhabited gabalus (or Elagabalus) it came to arrange two hun
the Eaſt part of Dacia towards the mouths of the dred and fixty thouſand. The carceres, or ſtarting
Danube. Pannonia (now Hungary) lay alſo north poſt, ſtood at the entrance: there alſo one Meta or
ward. The Sarmatic is therefore ſometimes, by Goal: at the oppoſite end, the other. The ſtar
poetic interchange, called the Pannonian war. ting-place was thus named the priſºns, of the fleeds
— viii. 4. Etolian ; of Etolia, part of Achaia, impatient to fly.
now Artinia, where Meleager was born, and the — laſt. 6. A Tigris or a Paſerine. The critical
lance (many ſay) invented. being a yet ampler, than the Circenfian field; and the
— laſt. 5. The robe, of palm; or palmed robe, uſed poet not having called theſe rivals chariot-courſers;
in triumph : whether ſo named from the palms in ſome ſcholiaſts have found them, perhaps from very
terwoven, or the bredth of the golden border. ſwiftneſs, fellow-creatures.
IX. iii. 5. The gown Latian: the garb for the XII. iii. 6. Odryſan (now Moldavian) of Odryſa,
wearer. The Romans inhabited Latium, and were a Thracian town near the Euxine. Some read, leſs
ſtiled the gowned race, from wearing gowns in dreſs. harmoniouſly, Othryſan; from Othrys, a mountain of
x. iv. 5. Auſonian : Italian, from Auſon (ſay Thrace, the now Romania. December is here called
they) or Auſonius, ſon of Ulyſſes and Calypſo. ever kind; alluding to the Saturnalian feſtival, cele
The Auſºnes are thought to have been the Aurum brated in that month.
ci, Italy's firſt inhabitants; whoſe territory ex XIII. i. 7. The watchfull parent of record: Janus,
tended onely from Lacinium (now Lacinio, J the pro the firſt king, and god, in Italy; hoſpitably received
montory near the athletic Croton, in Great Greece Saturn flying from his ſon in Crete. The former
or Calabria, to the Salentine or Iapygian cape, now had prepared divine worſhip, by rearing temples and
Terra d'Otranto, in the ſouth-eaſt part of the king altars. Wine had he alſo introduced, for the ſer
dom of Naples. But poetry, who loves a part for vice of gods and men. Saturn communicated va
the whole, ſometimes the whole for a part, can as rious improvement, particularly that of land. So
eaſily extend Auſonia to Italy; as uſe Iſler for the cordial became the friends, that they ſoon united
whole, tho' it be but the upper Danube. ſway. Each built a town ; Janus Janiculum, Sa
— xiii. 6. Io : the voice of triumph, and ini turn Saturnium ; both diffuſed the ſweets of piety
tials of jove, the obvious abbreviation (tho’ the Ro and peace. Some ſay they coined in conjunction:
mans knew it not) of jehovah. tho' Servius Tullius firſt ſtamped at Rome, the As,
XI. i. 6. Polar, on this fide the Line, as natu with the two faces of Janus on one ſide, and a
rally pointing the Arètic or North pole, as Peucian, ſhip's beak on the other. The double face was a
Peuce, an iſland of lower Myſia or Meſia, at the ſignificant emblem, looking both back and forward.
mouth of the Danube. It is not quite forain to hint To this the wiſe Numa, worthy to build the temple
here, that the upper Myſia, now Boſnia and Servia ; of Janus, could not but have an eye, when he in
is divided from the lower, now Bulguria; by the ſtituted its being, in peace, kept ſhut ; and, in war,
Ciabrus or Ciambrus, now the Morava or Morave.
open. War, alas! has not a moment to look back:
— iii. 6. Rhine, with broken horn. Rivers are
peace improves the future, by reflecting on the paſt.
horned, by ſounding, winding; copiouſneſs or pow But war's beſt proſpect is its termination. The god
•r; but chiefly ſo figured from branching into va of peace was therefore to be conſulted, and his ſanc
rious channels, as particularly does the Rhine. tuary expanded during the exigence. So different
— antepenult. 6. The vaſſy Circus. Various were from theſe three ſoverains, were moſt of the follow
the Circuſſes or circular (generally oblong) places of ing, that we find in a thouſand years this temple but
exhibition in Rome. The greateſt was built by the thrice ſhut: doutleſs under the builder, after the ſe
elder Tarquin: four furlongs in length, and in cond Punic war, and by the deciſive engagement at
bredth four acres; with a trench ten foot deep, as Aétium, which enabled Auguſtus to enjoy the dif
many braud; and ſeats for a hundred and fifty thou fuſion of peace to mankind; nay to prepare, what
ſand ſpectators. Succeſſively improved by Julius, he underſtood no more than his bard in Pollio, the
Auguſtus, Caligula, Domitian, Trajan, and Helio reception of the Prince of Peace.
At
oN M A R T I A L. 475
At no loſ are we however to underſtand the key ments. On them peculiarly were money-matters
in the hand of Janus, or his epithets of Cloſer and tranſacted; ſums lent, and intereſt paid. The Nones,
Opener; more than the whitethorn-ſtaff, which ſpeaks the nin'th day preceding the Ides, were the ſeventh of
his pure if painfull tranſition from one year to ano March, May, july, and O.7ober; as were the Ides,
ther. Nor can we wonder if looks that ſo guarded or dividers, the fifteenth of thoſe months. Of the
both ſides of time, came to be redoubled into four, other eight, the Nones were the fifth, and the Ides
as tutelar of the ſeaſons. With as many tongues the thirteenth day. The numbers ran therefore down,
therefore having promiſed the emperor a Neſtor's age, to each of the three monthly epocs; but included
he is here implored onely to add his own; that is, them. Of the four juſt-named months, the ſecond
immortality. Thus naturally the inſpector of time, day was thus the ſixth to (but with) the Nones; the
and reviver of ačtion, became introdućtor to the third the fifth, the fourth the fourth, the fifth the
other gods, as well as guardian of human regiſters; third, the fixth the ſecond, or the day before, the
the moſt ardent vows accompanied the revival of the ſeventh the Nones : the eighteth, the eighteth to (but
year, and every annual honor or high office com with) the Ides ; the nineth the ſeventh, the tenth
menced with the month of January. the ſixth, the eleventh the fifth, the twelfth the
Febris or Feaver, ſuppoſed to reign at that period, fourth, the thirteenth the third, the fourteenth the
denominated February, the ſecond of the months ſecond or day before the fifteenth, the Ides. The fix
that Julius prefixed to the other ten. Mars lent his teen remaining days were numbered to (but with) the
name to the third (formerly the firſt) month; and to Calends following. Thus, the ſixteenth was the ſe
our poet, born on its Calends, or firſt day. April venteenth, the ſeventeenth the fixteenth, the eigh
hints the opening ſeaſon; and May is as lawfull a teenth the fifteenth; and ſo on, to the thirtieth and .
child, as Mercury, of Maia. June ſtill implied the firſt, the day before the Calends, of the month enſu
youth of the year, ripening into the Quintile and ing. Thence, the ſecond the fourth, the third the
Sextile, or fifth and fixth months; till Julius, equal third, the fourth the day before, the fifth the Nones :
ly the ſcholar and ſoldier; the reformer of the Ca whence the fixth the eighteth, the ſeventh the ſe.
lendar, and founder of the empire; honored the venth, the eighteth the ſixth; and ſo, to the twelfth,
former month with his name; as did his fortunate, the day before the thirteenth, the Ides. January, Au
nor undeſerving, heir the latter, with that of Au guſt, and December; having, as well as the four fix
guſtus or Auguſt; his eaſy aſſumption, and that of noned months, thirty-one days; counted their eigh
every ſoverain ſince. Our emperor wiſhed, with teen following days with the next Calends thus:
leſs effect, to name September, Germanicus or Ger the fourteenth the nineteenth, the fifteenth the eigh
manic; having conquered the Germans on its Ca teenth ; and ſo, down to the thirty-firſt, the day be
lends; and, for whatever reaſon, Odober, Domitia fore the Calends, of the next month. April, June,
mus, or Domitian. But theſe two months combined September, November; having each but thirty days,
with the two remaining, to diſpute even the power and ſo but ſeventeen after the Ides; muſt name the
of a Julius ; and nominally at leaſt to retain the or fourteenth the eighteenth, the fifteenth the ſeven
der, he took ſuch pains to aboliſh. teenth, ſucceſſively to the thirtieth, the day before the
As ancient perhaps is the diviſion of time into Calends of the coming month. February intercala
weeks, tho’ leſs aſcertained the hiſtory of the ſeven ted, as now, every fourth year, a day: not howe
days’ reſpective devotion to the Sun, the Moon, Mars, ver doubling the twenty-eighteth, but counting the
Mercury, Jupiter, Penus, and Saturn. But the Ca twenty-fourth twice; which became thus the fixth to
dends, already mentioned, muſt have excited the cu the Calends of March, and thence named Leap
rioſity worthy a Roman ſcholar. year the Biſextile.
The Romans divided each month into Calendi, What artificial meaſures of time the Romans in
Nonet, and Ides. The Calends, from the Greek pa vented or employed, were an enquiry forain to this
rent of our Call, were the firſt day: which ſome work. One however, and that a principal; being,
times aſſembled the people, and always called im by our author and by every Roman antiquary, men
Portant as various both public and private commence tioned; muſt not be omitted here. It was, as for
P. p. p 2 merly
476 C O M M E N T *
merly our ſand-glaſs, of peculiar ſervice in public — vii. 9. The Ledean Star : Caſtor, would have
recitals and orations: for wit and eloquence, no ſent his charger Cyllarus to expedite the march. Uni
ſtrið obſervers of time, ſeemed to require certain li verſally as Caſtor has been celebrated the horſeman;
mits in ancient as in modern days. The Clepſydra, ſome, even poets, have attempted to unhorſe him,
often, not always, of glaſs; dropped water, as does and give Cyllarus to the bruiſer Pollux. Not that
our veſſel ſand. Tho' inſtruments were probably Caſtor would have denied his horſe or aught elſe to
then, as now, of different ſizes, for different peri that brother, who, as the ſon of Jove, born immor
ods; one repeated muſt have generally ſufficed. As tal, had begged and obtained leave to alternate mor
the half-hour ſand-glaſs was found the moſt commo tality with Caſtor; who, but the ſon of Tyndarus,
dious, ſome have given the water-dropper (literally had died; and thus revived, to ſhare with Pollux
the water-thief) an hour, ſome half an hour; but immortality. Pindar however makes the alternation
moſt agree on twenty minutes. Yet, as ſays a French more ſociable; by beaming them one day at the ta
Genius, on preparatory quickneſs, Le temps ne fait ble of Jove, and burying them the next, no leſs
rien à l'affaire. A performances excellence or effect amicably, on earth. The fable, in any ſhape, ori
depends no more on the time of delivery, than on ginates from the obſervation, that the Twins, in the
that of preparation. No wonder then if, as Reaſon Zodiac, riſe and ſet by turns. Inſeparable or inter
advanced, ſhe ſpurned ſuch meaſures, when ſhe found changeable as were thus the brothers, we hear of no"
them the couch of Procruſtes, dilating or compreſſing ſuch attachment or mutuality, between the fiſters,
to the ſize; if ſhe therefore aſſerted her right of ſetting Helen and Clytemnºſºra. But, natural as it was for
her own bounds: averſe alike to quench or inflate the the heroic twins to love each other; fo matural be
ſpirit; to omit any thing uſefull, or add aught ſu came it, for the very differently renowned ladies;
perfluous. who knew neither duty, humanity, nor conſequent
XVI. iv. 8. The third boons. Over the Cattians ly love; to be found incapable of friendſhip.
and Dacians, Domitian had formerly triumphed. — xv. 9. Memnon’s parent, Aurora; whoſe rape of
The third laurel, ſtill more glorious, as gained by Tithonus is as much talked of, and perhaps as well
accommodation, he preſented to Capitolian Jove; underſtood, as the horſes of the Sun ; or, as Sol and
and then crowned each order of his loyal people, Luna, the Sun and Moon, themſelves. Yet obſerve
with every adequate gratification: whence all three we, by the way, without much wonder, that the
eſtates proved as much more able, as more ardent, to Sun muſt have kept a double ſet of horſes. Ovid
pay their vows. The private triumph, which ap had ſeen one, Martial the other. Both indeed name
pears the more pleaſing to Domitian, took place on the high-blood Ethon; who, like our Hermes (IV. ii.
victory over a citizen (that is, a compatriot) as on 3. Io.) to himſelf ſuccedes ; nor, as one was never off
Antony's over Catiline; or by bloodleſs ſtipulation, the ſtage, would the other be ever out of the harneſs.
like the preſent, ſo preferable to force of arms. Our bard had doutleſs heard at leaſt of the firy Py
XVII. i. 9. Phoſphor: the Greek equivalent to roeir or Pyrois, and Phlegon; as well as of Eour,
Lucifer, ſon of the morning : both however light-bring ſwifter than the Eaſtern wind, or himſelf the ſwifteſt
ing names to the planet Penus ; whether before ſun ſon of the morning. But they had been acceſſary to
riſe, the morning-ſtar; or after ſunſet, the evening the fate of Phaeton; and ſo perhaps leſs favorites of
ſtar, then named Heſperus or Peſper. our feeling bard. With Ethon therefore he yoked
- v. 9. Bootes : the poetic driver of the conſtel the glorious Titan, rival of the Sun himſelf; and
lation, called, from reſemblance, Charleſwain, or the golden Xanthus, his natural compeer: making
the Plough. He is always epitheted ſluggiſh or ſlow; thus a matched, if matchleſs three. On high days,
having in his right-hand four ſtars, that never ſet. like the Phaethontian, four ſteeds might ſpring a
Sometimes is he named Arétophylax, as guardian of breaſt; as was the ancient, however joſtling, man :
the Greater Bear. Both the Greater and the Leſs, ner. From the pićture, one would be led to ima
(from their ſhineſ, the poets ſay, to dip in the ocean, J gine; that, on leſs ſolemn occaſions, three, leſs
have been by different nations, regarded polar; the mutually embarraſſing, ſufficed.
latter by the Phenicians, the former by the Greeks.
Of
oN M A R T I A L. 477
of retrograde motion will the critics arrain us, by whatever introdućtion, we too have the happineſs
returning to the Sun's fair harbinger; before whom of being long or lately acquainted. Vigor thus,
the duteous hours ſpoil the unfading roſe. Her and intellečtual and corporeal, ſhe tempered for Titho
them when we contemplate, we no more ſee Memnon, nus betimes. Between her (now his alſo) darlings
good Priam's hapleſs auxiliary; than we hear his ſta and herſelf, ſhe compromiſed his devotion. With
tue, that became ſo tunefull, the moment it firſt felt her ſhe made him range their moſt beloved moun
the maternal ray. His parents had but to eye, to tains: with him ſhe dained to quaff their ſalutary
captivate each other: nor can we be ſurpriſed at the ſtreams. His body and mind ſhe braced by alternate
mutual captivation. Whether Tithonus might be exerciſe; nor failed ſhe to blend temperance with his
brother or ſon to Laomedon, Priam's father; is no beſt enjoyments. Such were the medications, that
more aſcertained than important: nor is often the gave perennial youth ; on ſuch nećtar and ambroſia
important obſcure. We know that he was young, did ſhe feed her favorite: nor could ſurely he, who
and beautifull as young, and briſk as beautifull. An boaſted ſuch bounties of the Morning, but enjoy a
early ardor pierced the bluſh on his brow, to take lengthened and delightfull day. Such is the longe
Time by the foreloc, whom he had heard pronounced vity in the right-hand of wiſdom, which can never
Bald behind. This the youth interpreted a hint to feel the decrepitude of age ; and ſuch the terreſtrial
addreſs Time's ever blooming, tho' eldeſt, daughter: immortality, by which the frame refines impercepti
a paragon celebrated by many, to whom ſhe remai bly away, leaving the ſpirit free.
ned unſeen. Of her beauty the firſt beam finit Ti XVIII. i. 9. Who ſpoils the wood: the tiguer
- thonus with convićtion, that half neither had, nor hunter in Hyrcania, now Bengall; where tiguers are
could have been told him. The queen of flowers, fierce as frequent, and the rape of a whelp dange
rous.
who gave Aurora's dancing maidens to ſtrow her
way, tinged her whole complexion to the fingers’ — v. Io. The Erythrean triumphs ; of Bacchus in
ends; nay, adds Virgil, colored her very horſes; India; or on the Red-Sea, ſo called, tho’ properly
tho' he can onely mean, with his maſter Theocritus; Erythream, from the coincident Greek name of the
ſuch hue the reflexion of the roſes, on the ſleeky color with the appropriative of Erythra, ſon to Per
milk-white ſteeds. Of theſe our goddeſs, in ſo ſeus and Andromeda (VIII. 4.); which ſon is ſaid
lemnity, like the Sun, drove a double pair; but, in to have reigned on thoſe coaſts, and ſo may have laid
common airings, held a brace preferable. Nay, Ly claim to the ſea that laved them. Under whatever
cophron, one of the ſeven Stars," gazed by Ptolemy right or wrong name, that Arabic or Perſian gulf
Philadelphus, elucidates, that beauteous Morn ſome (parting Aſia and Afric) always enriched, with pre
times mounts Pegaſus, whoſe mettle ſpurns every cious pebbles, its ſhores; or rather the collector, na
car. Her new votary, loſt in the growing ſplendor, tive or ſtranger, indifferently exhibited to the Weſ.
ſnuffed, keen as Pegaſus himſelf, the balmy fra tern world in the general idea of Indian. This de
grance of the gale; and was ſoon overpowered with nominative appropriates no leſs to Erythrae the name
the benignity, perhaps the chief glory of the god of ſeveral cities; particularly, near Chios, one,
deſs, who raviſhed him: whether into her car, or whence the Erythrean Sibyl. But, in Erythrean, as
on her palfrey, her confidants have left us to gueſs. Indian, triumph, is the god here drawn by his ti
Certain it is, that ſhe gave him every proof of her guers, leſs tractable than his.elephants.
love : nor is the leaſt proof of attachment, the com Among the ſeveral perſonages, under the name of
munication of friendſhip. She introduced him to Bacchus ; one of extended ſway, as probably con
the acquaintance, and conſequent intimacy, of her queſt, in Aſia, ſeems the archetype of our heroe.
deareſt friends, the Muſes (I. 2.); with whom, But Mythology (or Fable) who ſeldom dreds the
dark, has occaſionally blended them all in the ſon of
* The other ſix, Theocritus, Aratus, Nicander, Apol Semele. To him, however, fairly belong the vari
lonius, Philicus, und the younger Homer; tho' affrono ous epithets, or appellations, of the renowned god.
merſ are not quite agreed, either about the names, or the 1. Dithyrambus, whether from the double-doorca cave
arrangement. in Eubea (now Negropont) where Ariſtcus' daughter
- Macris,
478 C O M M E N T
Macris, according to Apollonius, nurſed the infant; was preferred; becauſe chief man was everywhere
or, like 2. Bimater, from his double birth ; if not the king of the Dionyſians. His proved the care of
preferably, by the length of the firſt ſyllable, from the ſacrifices and ceremonies; his conſort's that of
This glorious paſſage thro’ Jupiter's thigh, held his the awfull and ineffable myſteries, inviſible as in
ſecond mother; as having noriſhed the embryo, after audible to man. She, having known no huſband
poor Semele's facing her fate in her Thunderer. 3. but his reigning majeſty, ſelected as aids or de
Dionyſus, as the Greek; or Dionyſius, the Latin, al puties fourteen venerable ladies; each of whom took
ſo variouſly analyſed, may compound the name of an oath, tendered by the highprieſt in her preſence,
his tremendous fire, with that of Nyſa or Nyſa, the before the altar and offerings upon it, that “ſhe was
Arabian or Egyptian (thence vaguely called Indian) of unſullied virginity; and qualified as reſolved to
mountain; where the gratefull god reared a city, to miniſter purely in the holy Dionyſians, according to
the Nymphs who had reared him. Diverſe were the ancient uſage, in their appointed ſeaſons.” At this
Nyſa’s, all ſacred to Bacchus : not to mention one, high feſtival, the tribes being duly aſſembled, each
with the other top of Parnaſſus. Some will make by its leader ; the allies paid their tribute to the A
Dionyſius, Joves lane or ſtaggering boy; others, on thenians. It commenced on the twelfth of the month
the contrary, 4. Eubyus, his dutifull ſon, when play Anthºfferion, thought coincident with our April: on
ing a very lion againſt the Titans. But Eubyus aſ which ſingle day of the year was the Limnian tem
pires eaſily into 5. Evius, a title of mere acclama ple diſplayed; leſt the ſolemn enactions there graven
tion, like 6. Evan ; or the tumultuous, if honorary, on a column of ſtone, ſhould be profaned by vulgar
7. Bromius, 8. Iacchus, and 9. Bacchus himſelf. A inſpection. -
bawler too is Io. Baſareus, drawn from the Greek ; The other Dionyſians were well named Leſ; : leſs
a vintager, from the Hebrew ; a Thracian, in long venerable, as more frequent: whether annual, in the
robe; or, a mere Bacchanal, in the female veſtment Rural or Lenean, feaſts of corn and wine; biennial,
of foxes” and fawns' ſkins. 11. Sabazius may come when the tops of Parnaſſus came every other year,
from Sheba or Saba, in the mouth of the Arabian in honor of the god, to be climbed ; or triennial:
gulf; or from a cognate oriental term, that ſignifies, Citheron being aſcended every third year, in com.
to lead captive. With as little as ſome former ſtrains, memoration of the three years beſtowed by the he
may it be untwiſted from the Greek, into awfull. roe on the Indian expedition. Of all the mountains
Two others, of Greek origin, ſpeak Bacchuſſes beſt famed in antiquity, Citheron was the moſt devoted
known chara&er; in 12. Leneur, the patron of the to Dionyſian orgies. But now, alas! the great Dio
winepreſs; and 13. Lyeus, the diſſolver of care. One, nyſians were no more. Pure and awfull as they had
Latin, is not the leaſt expreſſive: 14. Liber: the free, been, proportionably grew the other ſucceſſive ſpe
open, gencrous, joyous god; diffuſive alike of hap cies daily more corrupt and more contemptible.
pineſs and miſery to man, as his gifts are uſed with, From Egypt had diverged the firſt human wiſdom:
or without moderation. to Egypt reſorted early from all other quarters, who
Vićtor, benefactor, bleſſer; was Bacchus thus loved, ever wiſhed for improvement or protection. Of theſe
honored, adored. Univerſal became his worſhip, Apis, obviouſly the ſame as Serapis, and certainly
frequent his temples, and paramount his feſtival of the the ſame as Oſiris, the ſon of Jupiter and Niobe,
Dionyſians. Quinquennial were they, and previous, nay leaving his kingdom of Achaia to his brother Egia
preparatory, to the Olympics; as meaſuring time be leus; paſſed, for whatever cauſe, into Egypt. Ina
fore the commencement of the Olympiads. At Lim chus’ daughter Io, no leſs famous in fable, fled Ju
nae, or the Lakes, in Attica, aroſe the god's favorite no's perſecution into the ſame hoſpitable land. Both
fane; as there were his myſteries celebrated with pe carried thither as much benefit, as they reaped there.
culiar veneration. The ſuperintendants, titled king Both poſſeſſed ſuch excellence as ſoon made them not
and queen, were choſen by the people, as ſupreme in onely ſoverains of each other, but of the Egyptian
i. Natives muſt be both; that they might ſee kingdom : he extending, where he muſt, the fame of
oly things adminiſtered in the native time, place, his conqueſts; and diffuſing, where he could, the
and manner. All elſe equal, the chief magiſtrate - bleſſings of peace. Aided by his fair conſort, he
variouſly
O N - M A R T I A L. 479
variouſly improved the Egyptians, particularly in the Half-ged, and Nymphs; and rural pow'rs are mine:
management of their lands, and culture of the vine. Faunt, Satyrs, mountain-Silvan, ; all divine.
The glory of Ofiris raiſed the envy of a brother, who With ſuch mongrel-deities moved the initiates in
is ſaid to have tor’n him to pieces; and, tho’ meet lawn, like the prieſts of Ifis (for ſuch indeed they
ing from Iſis the reward of his ambition, left her the were) wearing miters, and waving rods; entwining
pain of collecting them. The ſage people, much be themſelves with ſnakes, and devouring garbage raw;
yond others in allegory, expreſſed its gratefulf vene mounting aſſes, dragging goats; or leading frantic
ration for both ſpouſes, after their death; by wor dances, and joſtling one another. The Bacchuſ’s
ſhipping its improvers, in the fignificant emblem of were now joined, and emulated by the Bacchaes ; ſtill,
an ox and a heifer. Oftris and Ift, ſometimes figu tho’ not as of old, the principal performers; clad
red alſo by the Sun and Moon; in all ſhapes, coin
in ſhawls, carrying thyrſes, and affecting peculiar
cide with Bacchus and Ceres; who, ſtript of their geſticulations, unworthy of either ſex: all adorned
figurative, have no other real charaćters. Alike with vine or ivy; all mad in motion, as the jarring
ſpoke the names the Powers of Wine and Corn: and jumble of drums, fifes, pipes, and bells; all full of
everywhere by man are moſt venerated thoſe powers, the god, and wildly toſſing, with the head, they
by which man immediately ſubſiſts. If Bacchus and had muddled, the hair they had noriſhed, in his ho
Ofiris were ſo like in life, in death they ſurely were nor: all howling and hollowing, Io, Bacche / or the
not divided. One was dilacerated by a Typhon, like; as would our Bacchanalians, Bacchus for ever /
whoſe fate proved ſoon condign; the other by the The myſtic fan remains the fingle myſtery. Indiſ
Titans, whom Jove duly fulminated. penſable as it was to every ſacrifice, no inveſtigation
The Greek worſhip of Bacchus, thus diſtantly tra ſeems to have aſcertained by whom, how, or why it
:
ditional, and almoſt wholely allegoric, could not long was boren. Of all emblems a fan ſeems moſt to teem
continue in any degree of purity. The god of wine, with meaning. It doutleſs typified the purgation re
was ſo manifeſtly a god of ſenſe; that, far from dig quiſite for, or acquirable from the due celebration of
nifying or chearing any but the guarded few, he the myſteries. But the thyrſe, which no male ap
ſoon took from the reſt every ſenſe away. The god pears to claim, beſide the god himſelf; was certainly
himſelf, no longer driving tiguers, is painted now carried by every female; nay, became ſo peculiar a
beſtriding one: but ſuddenly diſmounted, we find badge of effeminacy, that a Scythian people, ſaid
him reeling with an infipid blouſy face, foaming lips, to have been rich without avarice, and emulous with
bare breaſt, ſwelling panch, crown of gold, or out envy; becauſe without paſſion but for decking
wreath of ivy, if not of vine-leaf; a canthar, or great the perſon, or action but for painting it, eſpecially
jug, dangling on the right-arm; on the left a thyr/e, or the hair; may well have been named Agathyrſ; or
ſpear with pineapple-point, verdant as his thought Agathyrſians, as highly worthy of the Thyrſ. Or, if
leſs pate ; on which a pair of little horns, expreſ they muſt deſcend from Agathyrſus, a ſon of Hercu
fively buts thro’ the garland. This pretty vićtor (of les; that ſon muſt have been unworthy of his father,
himſelf!) leads a very proper, horned and goat-footed and they had kept worthy of theirs.
band: his worthy maſter Silenus, after a fall from But Hercules found comfort. Another ſon Gelonus;,
|
his aſs, limping along with Pan, the paragon of patient, ačtive, brave; became fit to found a people
it,
ſhepherd: ; and attended by a troop of friſking Sa hardy, dexterous, reſiſtleſs. He applied perſonal paint
it.
tyrs and Fauns, equivalent entities; tho’ Ovid plea to its onely poſſible uſe, that of rendering the ſubjećt
13.
ſes Jupiter, and Jupiter him, by multiplying the terrible. In this additional armor (which all unpoliſhed
ſweet gods of the minor nations. nations wore) the Gelonians were neither encumbered
jº by its unwieldineſs, nor retarded by heavy baggage.
ºf:
‘The mob of Gods, Faunr, Satyrs, Lares, make:
It was the enemy's buſineſs to ſupply proviſion. Why
lſº Each Demigod and Nymph, each Flood and Lake.
carry, what waited but the earning If the march.
So Jove finds ſolace, if not pride, in the muſter of his proved ſomewhat long, and nature brought de
sº petty forces: mands; a Gelonian was at no loſs to anſwer them.
h tº: His
**
º
48o C - O M. E N T
His horſe might alſo be refreſhed, by ſparing a little • In ſympathy with Iſis it muſt be, that the Baccha
blood; and milk, of one animal or other, was not often malian prieſteſſes became ſo apt to dilacerate the ob
diſtant. Appetite whetted ingenuity; the meſs, ſoon jećt of their reſentment. Of two inſtances immedi
mingled, was ſoon enjoyed; and the march proceded. ately occurring, one is far more known than the o
This was a reſource of many ancient nations, and ther. . . .” * . -
is ſaid to be of ſome to this day; particularly of cer Orpheus, was the celeſtial ſon of Apollo and Cal
tain Tartar tribes, the very ſucceſſors of the Gelo liope; if the terreſtrial of Eagrus the Thracian, by
nians. Thus nations, allied by blood and ſituation, whatever mother; and coeval with Hercules, a hun
proved oppoſite as their founders. The humble Ge dred years before the war of Troy. Whether Apollo
lonians were feared, honored, admired. The gor or Mercury gave him the lyre, has never yet been
geous Agathyrfians, if they fell not a prey to the ſettled; but one is the conſent, how he ſwept it. That
firſt invader, were undoutedly protected by their cataraćts hung to hear him, and crags flew to follow
neighbors the Gelonians; who diſdained avarice, if him ; that bears danced to his melody, and tiguers
poſſible, more than injury; not knowing one to be licked his hand ; is as much allowed, as that, on his
part of the other; and pitied vainglorious wealth, viſit below, he touched the very ſoul of Pluto and
that could but expoſe its poſſeſſors. Proſerpine; who conditionally gave him back his
Plutarch ſays of the Greeks, as Livy of the Ro wife. Infernal condition, to the feelings of an Or
mans, that riches introduced luxury, and luxury de pheus! who could no more forbear to caſt an eye on
fire or diſtraćtion; that, without finery or frenzy, whom he led, than remember how dear the glance
gold or gambols, chariots or maſks; the decent com muſt coſt him. When his better ſelf was gone, he
pany was followed by the Dionyſians, in ſober feſ minded not the remainder; nor all the ladies, the
tivity, thus: - -
ſun continued to ſhine on. Himſelf had brought
1. A veſſel of fair water. into Greece (to Thebes indeed) the Dionyſians, tho’
2. A pitcher of pure wine, ornamented with a Herodotus gives this glory to a Melampus : meaning
vine-branch. perhaps, in Blacfoot, but a ſarcaſm on the im
3. A goat: the vićtim. - porter. And ſurely, any other than an Orpheus;
... 4. An oſier-baſket of vine-boughs. or he more than any other, by his indifference; de
The next article was a very pardonable innovation. ſerved, that the ladies of Thrace, as well as Beotia,
5. Noble virgins, bearing in golden baſkets, all ſhould become very Bacchanals againſt him; and
the firſt-fruits (as grapes and figs) ſacred to the God. make him firſt exemplify the ſcene, he had deemed
But the cloſing was a deplorable, rather than ridi worthy propagation.
culous, exhibition; tho’ perhaps the moſt original Admirable, amiable, and touching, as we too
ſcene of the ſacrifice. muſt have found Orpheus; ſome deny him, as others
6. Perſons ſolemnly bearing on poles the repre job, to have ever exiſted out of pićture. To both
ſentation, in wood or other material, of certain parts pićtures however, be the painters who could, we ow
faid alone not to be found, of the diſmembered he the moſt important inſtruction, conveyed in the ſub
roe: the daily obječt of Iſis’ inveſtigation, and af limeſt manner. Noronely we : if Homer had not
terwards of her prieſts. the happineſs of knowing a Genius, whom he would
Yet, while we deplore, as we often may, the weak have been proud to own his greater; it is certain
neſs of man; let us not forget, that the Dionyſians that the father of merely human poetry was no more
came, in days of fimplicity, from Egypt; where aſhamed, than Virgil of his maſter, to ſpeak him
no emblem was held mean, that could be expreſſive. ſelf the diſciple of an Orpheus.
If an ox could figure the father of improvement;
the type of any part loſt, might hint the whole loſs
This philoſophic hymniſt had not long ſuffered,
for and from the Dionyſians; when Echion, for his
. -
to mankind: nor onely the importance of endeavor aid in the building of Thebes, received Cadmus'
to ſupply it; but that even the genial powers of na daughter Agave. Their ſon Pentheus, inheriting
ture lay dormant, till new improvers ſhould ariſe to more of his grandfather, than of his mother; a
awake them. vowed
oN M A R T I A L, 481
vowed himſelf an enemy to the myſteries of Bacchus. the tyranny of a pageant, as big with abſurdity as
Nor needs mature reaſon revelation to know, that all danger, however piouſly or patriotically begun;
myſteries of man's gratuitous making are unworthy a ſhould ſo long have enſlaved illuminated Greece, and
rational mind. How peculiarly obvious, the Baccha thence doutleſs darkened her rival and ſucceſſor.
malian danger! how weak who could ever promote it! But Livy, who, tho’ no initiate, paints the Baccha
What then was become Agave, who headed the nalian myſteries in ſo lively, if ſo ſhocking, colors;
band of Menadians (that is, of thoſe who exemplify records with apparent ſatisfaction, that, at length,
that Mºine is a mocker, andfrong drink is raging) to Roman gravity, opening her eyes, bluſhed with in
make an Oſiris or a Bacchus, of the young king her dignation; and, by a decree of the Senate, expelled
fon If ſome poetic judges metamorphoſe him in the Dionyſians; firſt Rome, and then Italy.
to a boar, a calf, a bull; or ſtrike him with light XXI. laſt. 11. The ſportule, or pittance of provi
ning ; it is a mortifying proof that the orgies of Bac fion, firſt given at the gate in a little baſket (whence
chus are ſometimes dearer even to Genius (were this the name) by patrons to clients, when theſe paid
poſſible) than thoſe of Minerva; or rather evinces, their attendance; and commuted by Nero to a hun
what one of thoſe very judges pronounced jocularly; dred farthings, or twenty-five Aſſes; about eighteen
pence, halfpenny, farthing, of our money; was a
that, on ſome occaſions, honeſ? Homer bimſelf may dream.
On this fatal Citheron, where we too are mad boliſhed by Domitian, who appointed the right ſup
per, or adequate entertainment.
ding, did Cadmus, who ſowed ſuch men in his
XXV. ii. 12. One bird: the Phenix, of whom
Thebes, at the bottom, mourn another grandſon, by
ſuch incomparabilities, if not incredibilities, are
another daughter. Ovid fables indeed Aéreon toren
gravely recorded by hiſtorians. They pronounce him,
by his own dogs; but Ovid, as above hinted, had an Arabian, about the fize of an eagle, of purple
turned Pentheus into a boar, to ſave a little the cre
plumage, his neck adorned with a golden circle, and
dit of the Bacchanalians. Here he makes hunting
his cerulean tail blazoned with roſy feathers. His
fatal to a youth, who, the Commentator Apollo age they variouſly compute, from three hundred to
nius aſſures us, underwent, on the ſame mountain,
fifteen hundred; but generally allow him five hun
the ſame fate with his couſin. From the fable, we
dred years. When he finds himſelf (ſay they) near
may doutleſs draw inſtruction; as few are the fables, the cloſe of his period, he builds his eyry in his own
that contain none. Whether A&eon incurred ven
country: there ſtoring all manner of aromatics, and
geance for indelicate or preſumptuous curioſity; was infuſing the genial virtue, whence his offspring muſt
eaten up, as have been many, by hounds, horſes, or ariſe. The firſt care of the adult progeny, is to
even a hobby-horſe; or devoured by monſters, whom perform the obſequies of his parent. The body, as
dogs diſdain, called paraſites : any one of the cauſes ſoon as on trial he is able, he bears to the altar of
*
much more than ſuffices, for much more miſchief; the Sun; where he offers, in combuſtion, the pre
without the ready, and moſt probable, aid of the cious remains, and dedicates himſelf the ſucceſſor.
Dionyſians. Tacitus; who, among others, tells all this ; aſſures
Againſt the temple of Limnae, did the Bacchanals us alſo that, in the conſulſhip of Fabius and Vitel
open a conventicle at Brauron, alſo in Attica. Tho’ lius, the long deſired, and little expected, ſtranger
ſo near, or becauſe ſo near, the Brauronian myſte honored Egypt with a viſit. So Rome is here termed
ries, far from coinciding, proved antipodes to the novel; as raiſed, from her aſhes, by Domitian.
Limnian. To paint their ſcandal by day, or their v. Vulcan; the god of fire, for fire itſelf:
infamy by night, would require the pen of an ini from whom thoſe tremendous, but ſalutary unloaders
tiate; who either could not uſe one, or would not of nature, the vulcanoes. The moſt celebrated is
find believers. Such inveſtigation being forain to Etna, (now Gibel, or Mongibello) in Sicily, ſaid to be
the preſent plan, this article is already ſufficient, to eight miles high, and fixty round. By this devou
have improved (if nothing elſe) a virtue not onely rer was ſwallowed Agrigentum's philoſophic poet
indiſpenſable to man; but, like every other virtue, Empedocles; whether a martyr to inveſtigation, as
by exerciſe alone ſuſceptible of improvement: a ſays candor; or to vanity, as ſay rival wags; in the
whim
grace, naturally accompanied by humiliation, that Q_q q of trying if to be no longer man, was the way
to
482 c O M M E N T
to commence a god. Under Etna lays Pindar, with beauty; the goddeſs of beauty herſelf. The god of
his followers, the fulminated giant Typhoeus; in war might indeed prove a formidable rival: but in
terchangeable (in poetry at leaſt) with Typhon the genuity ſoon eclipſed glare. The huſband (tho' Ve
fratricide. But, under Prochyta, or Prochyte, (now nus, when ſhe could make, might then call Mars
Procita) an effuſion, as it ſpeaks, tho' a full mile ſuch) caught the hapleſs paramours, in an adaman
diſtant, of a burning mountain in the iland, which tine net, here named the Lemnian chains ; and there
Virgil, miſtaking or varying Homer, names Ina exhibited them, naked as they were, to the high
'rime; known by another queſtioned appellation, Ena glee of the gods. From theſe glorious lovers claimed
ria (or Enari); but doutleſs what the Greeks cal the Romans deſcent. Mars was ſurely as natural a
led Pithecuſa : ſo enabling arch Ovid firſt to make parent to Romulus, the warlike founder of Rome;
the wicked inhabitants, (Cercopes, J and then to un as Venus to the pious Eneas, the founder of the mo
make them into apes; not forbidding any poſterior, narchy.
like Pliny, to draw the name from a tunnery, or XXVI. i. 12. Egypt might better produce roſes
cooperage. Be all this as it importantly may, the in winter, than in ſummer; if Peffum (or Peftus, now
ſweet iland is now Iſchia, juſt two miles from Terra Pºffi) once Poſidonia, as an appanage of Neptune; a
di Lavoro, the old Campania; and from cape Mi town in Lucania, (now the hither principality of Na
Jºno, the old Miſenum; ſo named from Miſenus, ples) famous for every flower, particularly violets;
trumpeter to He&tor, afterwards to Eneas; who, could pretend to blow roſes in May, and in September.
mourning that his blaſter, had challenged a Triton, Her level land, and equal ſky; her fertilizing Nile,
and been drowned by him, buried the found body and Ofirical cultivation; could not but render her
there.
the granary of the world. For this purpoſe, perhaps
The next flaming mountain opens very near Na more than for the ſepulture of her kings, or even
ples: Weſervus, Weſvius ; or, as now known, Pºſu the worſhip of her gods; did majeſtic Memphis rear
vius. Its eruption, under Titus, coſt the world her her ſtupendous pyramids: which, if they have out
greateſt naturaliſt, Pliny; as his no leſs excellent lived almoſt her very name, may eaſily ſurvive that
nephew tells Tacitus: and the city Herculaneum; of Cairo. This named. Al-Cairo, or The Cairo, is
of which the ruins, after ſeventeen hundred years, ſituate on the eaſt-fide of the Nile, juſt oppoſite the
begin to adorn the Muſeums of Europe. ancient Memphis; and was long, under the name of
In Lemnos, (Stalimene) a great iland of the Egean Babylon, the greateſt city in Egypt. It fell into Ma
(Archipelago) not far from Thrace, the now Roma hometan hands, but in 1517.
nia; and, tho’ eighty-ſeven miles eaſt from the no In upper Egypt, not far below Syene (now Aſia)
ted promontory Athos, (Monte Santo, or turkiſhly the tropical (or Ethiopic) boundary of the Roman,
*
Seididag) poetically ſhaded by it; in this ile had as now of the Turkiſh domain ; ſtood the celebrated
likewiſe burned a mountain. Into Lemnos therefore Thebes. Of her, who could hyperbolically pour ten
did the bards hurl honeſt Vulcan from heaven: but, thouſand, and really two hundred, warriors out of
whatever lame pretence they might make for laming each of her hundred gates; nothing remains, but ſome
him, and laying it on the gods; he ſurely here might ruins of Seſoſtris' grandeur, that have lately revived
chooſe to erect his forge. If to vulgar eyes he was his name.
no beauty, vulgar eyes could not ſee the beauty of a The Greek Capital (A) ſhapes the lower Egypt,
blacſmith. What ſaid they then to Brontes, Stero two fides being the horns, or rather arms, of the be
pes, and Pyracmon P thoſe ſouls of thunder, light nignant flood; and the hypotenuſe or baſe, the Me
ning, and anvil what to their fellow-temperers of diterranean. At the north-eaſt point ſtands Peluſium,
the Egis, or forgers of the bolts of Jove Single (now Belvais, or Belves) equivalent to the Hebrew,
was their eye, in the middle of the forhead, ope Sin; both ſignifying originally mud, naturally col
ning direct to the brain: which particularity gave lečted in the mouths of rivers. This city was built by
each, in Greek and Latin, the denomination of Cy Iſis, as Memphis by Ofiris; parents in antiquity being
clops; but, in a modern tongue, Cyclope; whence the eaſily found. It lies near the Iſthmus of Suez, which
Engliſh, Cyclop. One, no bad judge, ſaw Vulcan’s joins Afric and Aſia; ſo approaches mount Caſus,
better
on M A R T I A L. 483
better known to us by the awfull name of Sinai : on the king's library a mere ſhow : he knew how to uſe,
which Adrian reared a monument to Pompey, who and how to diffuſe it. He ſent into Syria, to Elea
has ſtill a noble column at Alexandria. On Caſius zar the Highprieſt, for ſeventy-two interpreters of
too had Jupiter a temple; and on that mountain was the Hebrew Scriptures; and ſo became the bleſſed
the law delivered to Moſes. Up the next mouth inſtrument, of rendering their light general ; in the
weſtward ſtood Tanis, and ſtands Tanes; where reigned then great living language. Eleazar was but the
third from Jaddus the Highprieſt, who had ſo ſo
the Pharaoh, or Amenophis, whoſe daughter ſaved
lemnly and ſuccesfully gone to meet Alexander; and
from her father's unnatural order, among many inno
Sirach, who wrote the books of Samuel, tranſlated
cents, one peculiar. Him training in all the wiſdom
afterwards into Greek by his grandſon, called com
of the Egyptians, ſhe formed the ſublimeſt comman
monly the ſon of Sirach, is thought to have been one
der, lawgiver, and hiſtorian; that ever led, ruled,
of Ptolemy's interpreters.
or enraptured mankind.
Lagus, a private ſoldier, was father to the firſt
The Niles weſtern great iſſue boaſts Canopus, foun
Ptolemy; who, an officer in high as juſt favor with
ded by Menelaus, with Helen, in their eſcape from
Alexander, ſucceded him in the ſoverainty of E
- Troy; on the ſpot where he buried his pilot Cano
bus, bit by a venomous ſerpent. But Canopus, gypt, Afric (one doutleſs part of the other) and
Arabia. He recorded the actions of his maſter; and
growing in trade and in riches, was ſoon bit by a
after forty years gloriouſly imitating ſuch as deſerved
thouſand more deadly ſerpents, called pleaſures; and
imitation, he quitted the reins, before he quitted the
ſo incurred, if not improved, the chaſtiſement of
world, to his ſon Ptolemy Philadelphus. He reigned,
many; of none ſeverer than Juvenal. In this con
with growing luſter, thirty-eight years; leaving his
tagious, as inviting, neighborhood; did Alexander
heir Ptolemy Euergetes : who, arduous as it was to
found the City, Alexandria; celebrated alike for her
follow ſuch a leader; from his ſurname, may be pre
loves, her library, and her watchtower: the laſt,
ſumed not quite unworthy. After twenty-ſix years
erected on Pharos, an ilet in the Canopic gulf, ſeven”
Philopator commenced an infamous reign of ſeven
furlongs from the main-land ; and rendered, by
teen. All after the third, ſays Strabo, were diſſo
bridges, a peninſula. Homer having, by whatever
cauſe, repreſented Pharos, a day's ſail diſtant; may lute; but the fourth the worſt. Epiphanes murdered
mean from Peluſium, but cannot from Alexandria. twenty-three years; Philometor thirty-five ; his bro
The Phare, ſo named from its ſituation, and ſo wor ther Euergetes II. ſtiled Phyſcon, twenty-nine. To
him ſucceded Lathyrus, to Lathyrus Auletes, Cleopa
thy to name every other watchtower or light-houſe;
tra's father: to him her brother Dionyſus, by whoſe
nay, to be ranked among the wonders, if of Egypt,
of the world; was the work indeed of Soſtratus, the daſtardly conſent, Pompey, from Pharſalia, taking
refuge in Egypt, was aſſaſſinated by a ſlave; and he,
Cnidian; but, more properly, of the learned as inge
who had triumphed in every part of the then known
nious, the modeſt as benevolent, Ptolemy, well ſtiled
world, hardly found a hole to bury him. His ſons
Philadelphus. The archite&t, who doutleſs deſerved
Cneus and Sextus ſurvived him not long: the former
(nor probably declined) every honor, was permitted,
falling in the bloody battle of Munda in Spain, the
if not commanded, to inſcribe the tower; which, of
latter in a naval engagement off Sicily ; tho’ ſome
the fineſt white Memphian marble, exceded onely ſay he was cut off by the Antonians at Miletus. So
by the ſtructure, if not this by the ſize; roſe (like all Antony and Cleopatra, flying from Aétium, to A
Egyptian edifices, immortal) a guide to navigators, lexandria; and, thither purſued by Oétavian; he
at the diſtance of a hundred miles:
fell on his own ſword, ſhe by aſps. Their tale is
I, Sost R.A.T.us, T H E CN ID 1 AN, HAPPY Illu M1 notorious. Not onely had he repudiated the fiſter
nator : to the Gods, protectors of Those of Octavian: his character was motley, of oppoſite
THAT PLO U GH THE de e P. colors. Licentiouſneſs and ambition undid him. A
The ſame Ptolemy colle&ed, and duly lodged, Tully's eloquence had provoked Antony: Antony's
even hundred thouſand volumes; of which four reſentment wrought Tully's aſſaſſination.
ſevenths were deſtroyed in the conflagration of the | XXVIII. iii. 13. The Parrhaftan hall; the impe
firſt Alexandrine war with the Romans. Nor was rial palace, ſuppoſed ſo epitheted from Parrhaſia;
Q_q q 2 aul
484 C O M M E N T
an Arcadian town, whence fled hither Evander, the poets, who are not always etymologiſts, may aſſure;
firſt builder on mount Palatine. Still more ſatisfact analogy, more perſwaſive than tradition, evinces,
tory is Parrhaſian to thoſe, who perceive it the bold that Rome took, as it were, from her origin, the
• expreſſive of a bold deſign. Such muſt be owned name of ſtrength or ſtability; and lent thence a di
the compare of any human ſtrućture with the Pyra minutive to her Romulus, inſted of receiving one
mids, (XXVI.i.) who ſmile at the competition even from him. If the mighty founder could not name,
of Oſa and Pelion, the Theſſalian mountains, by the but muſt be named by, his city; we need not won
giants piled againſt heaven; and well may at that of der, that no monarch could name a month (XIII.
the Circean (II. vi.) promontory. This, probably XXX.) after julius and Auguſtus. But Domitian
not the firſt maſterpiece of Rabirius, gave our poet, could rear, on the ſpot of his nativity, the imperial
ever ready, an opportunity of paying the double fane (XXXII. ii.) to Jove, who had protećted him
compliment; that, if Piſa (XXXIII. iii.) ſcarce early in the Capitol; as Rhodes had Neptune (XXXI.
more diſtinguiſhed by the Olympic games, than by vi.) and Crete Jupiter himſelf (ſaid fable) from Sa
Phidiaſes ivory-ſtatue of Olympian Jove, wanted to turn or Time ; apt to devour the tenderneſs of in
place it in an adequate manſion, the emperor muſt fancy, no leſs than the feebleneſs of age.
lend the architect. - Saturn's conſort Cybele, mighty mother of the gods,
Domitian was doutleſs great in his public works : was worſhipped under the occaſional names of Ops,
firſt, in improving the Capital, by forbidding ob Rhea, Wºffa (Aid, Fluxion, Fire) of Dindymene,
ſtructions: whether of ſhops, booths, or any need Berecynthia, and Idea; from the Phrygian mountains
leſs prominence; of pots announcing wine, inſted of Dindymus, Berecynthus, and the Cretan Ida, now
the Pierian ſpring; which the lettered poſts or pil Pſiloriti. Scarce had her prieſts fewer denomina
lars ſhould have promiſed; of raſors drawn in dark tions: Curetes, Acarnanes, Corybantes, Idaei Daºyli,
neſs, for whatever purpoſe; of every nuſance to the Galli, and the reſt; hinting reſpectively effeminate,
inhabitant, or to the paſſenger: ſo equalizing all diſhevelled, topfiturvy-ramblers. One perhaps points
within, and accommodating all without. the mountebanks on Ida, and one a plurality of the
Nor could aught ſurpaſs his Palace, but his Tem
ples ; even that he reared in honor of his father and
Gallus, doutleſs a pleaſing ſtream from the favorite ||
Beregynthus. To ally them with Gallus, a cock, were
family: where his laureat could not omit ſome notice ludicrous for emaſculates. Certain it is that, like
of Titus’ daughter Julia; (XXX. viii.) whom living the twelve prieſts of Mars, who, with their embroi
Domitian had loved, and dead he bid others wor
dered veſtments, and braſen breaſtplates, were na
ſhip. med Salii, from their ſolemn duty of dancing and
Next indeed to the Egyptian, were the Roman hymning, particularly in (March) the month of
ſtructures ; above all, thoſe Tarpeian ſummits (XXX.
their god; the ſages of Cybele, went about, at all
v.) of the Capitol; now between two and three
ſeaſons, ſwaggering, gambolling, cymballing, and
thouſand years old, and ſtill ſo auguſt in remains.
drumming : by which ſalutary clangor, they either
From the faithleſs Veſtal Tarpeia, who, thinking to
lulled young Jupiter, or drowned his cry from the
betray them, betrayed herſelf, to the enemy; did
ear of the enemy. Yet this ſon of Saturn, and fa
they commence Tarpeian : an appropriative, which, ther of all ; this prime immortal, whoſe life was ſa
inſted of the former Saturnian, denominated not
ved by ſuch inſtruments; this ſupreme of gods, who
onely the mountain, but the quinquennial games
proved ſo unworthy even to live among men; found,
of wreſtling, horſemanſhip, and muſic, which Do
it ſeems, a way to dy. The Cretans ſhowed the
mitian here celebrated to Jupiter; himſelf beſtowing
Idean tomb (XXXII. i.) at Gnoſus or Cnoſus, a town,
the wreaths, whether of oak or laurel. That the ci
near Ida, in Crete. That great iland, now, from
tadel, built by Romulus, might be worthy of its
her capital, named Candia; having been ſeveral cen:
name; and portend, as it well did, his city’s be
turies under the Venetian dominion; made a gallant
coming head of the world; a wondrous head muſt
ſtand, of twenty-four years, againſt the Ottoman
be recorded, dug up in the foundation . The firſt
power: to which, in 1669, ſhe was reduced to yield.
king had an unqueſtionable right to name the city he
While however, to the mighty mother, Domitian
founded; yet, whatever even the beſt hiſtorians or paid no adoration; magnificent, tho’ proportioned,
were
O N M A R T I A L. 485
were the temples he reared to Jupiter, Juno, Pallas, | latine Apollo; and there emulouſly formed a choral
Hercules, Apollo, the twin Lacons (XVII.vii. XXXIV. ſymphony, in Greek as well as Latin hymns, com--
xii.) or Ledean brothers, and the Flavian family. poſed for the awfull purpoſe; to the united Powers
XXXII. v. 15. Phebus, and his Siſter: Apollo of Light and Purity, by the well-known names and
and Diana, the Delian offspring of Latona, are twins attributes of Apollo and Diana. The moſt celebra
indeed, in the variety of their ſeparate characters, ted performance, which has deſcended from that
as well as in the union of their names. The ſiſter day to this, is perhaps Horaces ſublimeſt Ode, en
we ſaw at leaſt tripartite (II. ii.); ſo may we ſee the titled The Secular Song. Here we learn, what in
brother, in heaven, on earth, and under the earth; deed the Sibylline verſes had enjoined, that the
Phebus, Bacchus, Apollo. Numberleſs muſt be ſup Jubilee ſhould take place, not at the end of a hun
poſed their reſpective ſacrifices and ſančtuaries. But, dred, but of a hundred and ten, years; the period
not to enter on her orgies, which would often ſeem ſuppoſed to adjuſt the year, the luſter, and the ſun.
ſevere; or to viſit her temples, even the unrivalled at Gratitude and calamity dićtate devotion. Delive
Epheſus; more than his at Delos, where natal honors rance, received or defired, confeſſes ſuperior power.
were paid ; or at Delphi, where the god of light was On the expulſion of the kings, that is, about the
conſulted, and his prieſteſs threw ſo induſtrious dark 245th year of Rome, were theſe games inſtituted by
neſs; ſome veneration is due to the memory of the Si Valerius Poplicola, or Publicola; who had thus an
bylline Oracles, which ſeldom miſled their conſulters. opportunity of becoming more eminently popular;
By thoſe wonderfull books were the Romans com little dreaming that patriotic eminence may endan
manded, as they tendered the preſervation and pro ger, even more than a houſe on a bill: for he ſo diſ
ſperity of their ſtate, under the conſtant guidance of played himſelf, the volunteer aſſociate of the provoked
wiſdom and virtue ; to inſtitute Secular games, in Brutus, and the glorious deliverer of the people.
honor of Apollo and Diana; or the moſt ſacred jubi Occaſional therefore, rather than periodical, pro
lee, that could be celebrated for three nights and ved the return of the Secular Games. During the
three days, at the expiration of each century. Grand conſular five hundred years, three were indeed the
as was the period, awfull was the invitation. Come, celebrations; each perhaps within twenty years of
cried the Announcer, all people / and celebrate a Feſti the appointed period. Auguſtus, who loved the
val, which no one alive hath ſeen, or again /hall ſee. grand, enforced calculation by fear. The wrauth
Previous were ſeveral days of purification, (Dedic. of heaven was demonſtrative, in a thunder-ſtorm : a
xiii.) both in the Capitoline and Palatine temples: wall and tower ſtruck, gave recourſe to the Sibyl.
nor was omitted, the preparatory offering, of Wheat, Her volumes ſolemnly inſpected, by her miniſters
Barley, and Beans; to Diana, in her temple on the (whether ten or fifteen); pronounced the neceſſity,
Aventine. On the firſt of the three nights, in the no leſs than propriety, of celebrating, with uncom
field of Mars, were erected three altars; to be mon reverence, the ſalutary Secular Games. Pluto.
ſprinkled, with the blood of three lambs. When the and Proſerpine had, in the field of Mars, very pro
burnt-offerings were made, and certain hymns ſung; perly, a temple and ſubterraneous altar; not far from
a place was marked out for the theater: and, amidſt the Capitol, and faſt by the Tiber. The ſpot was na
the moſt glorious illuminations, the ſports of every med Terentos or Terentus, as there the water wore the
kind were begun. The exerciſes at all public games bank : an etymology that hardly pleaſes, even where
were five : running, leaping, wreſtling, boxing, ai a better is not found. But the origin of ſome words,
ming; coit, dart, or other projectile. At morn were as of ſome ſpeakers, is too much the child of acci
victims offered in the Capitol; and afternoon re dent or caprice, to come within the ken of rea
newed the feſtivities of the Brother and Siſter. Next ſon. The gloomy Powers were now to be propitia
day the noble matrons moved to the Capitol, and ted by a black bulloc, (Dedic. 13.) and a black
performed a concert in honor of Jove. On the third heifer. From the grizzly king and queen, the fatal.
and higheſt day of the feſtival, three times thrice fiſters were inſeparable. Latona was to be compli
three, or the cube of three, was the number choſen, mented, on the feſtival of her children. Diana, who-
of happy young ſongſters in either ſex; who, dout had become, from the moment of her birth, her mo
leſs in decent threes, aſcended the temple of the Pa ther's even obſtetric comfort; had there indeed venge
fully
486 C O M M E N T - -
fully uſurped the Lucina-charaćter, of her mother's even at the birth of her twin-brother, ſhe ſhowed ,
perſecutreſs. Whether in compenſation, or as Juno that the promotion of parentage was the firſt part of
was alſo the female Power of the air, while Jupiter purity.
wielded the tremendous bolts ; the imperial pair Without needleſsly deſcending to the particular
muſt claim their tribute in the ſupplications: nor muſt games, annual or other, ſacred to either ſeparate
their ſiſter Ceres, Earth's frućtifying friend, be for power; wherever, or however, adored; it is indiſ.
gotten. Efficacious then, as complete, muſt be the penſable to diſcriminate, as we did thoſe of Bacchus,
Auguſtan celebration; where the celeſtial, terreſtri their various names and epithets. Onely ſo can we
al, and infernal Powers were propitiated in conjunc underſtand the cauſe of ſuch variety; or the preci
tion. fion, with which it varies and ſubdivides, in order
The centeſimal ſucceſſors of Auguſtus, were each to complete, the charaćter. Named, for the three
as fond as he, to preſide at the returning Seculars. worlds, have we perceived both brother and fiſ.
Claudius, in a hurry, brought them forty years too ter. As ſucceſſive, if not concomitant, beamers; are
foon ; and rendered the Herald's annunciation ridi Phebus and Phebe animated equivalents to the Sun and
culous. Domitian, in 841 of the Roman (or 87 of Moon. From ſome near relations, is Apollo ſuppo
| the Chriſtian) era; muſt be proud to rectify the er ſed to borrow ſeveral characters; which are all but
ror. Severus, in 957, was venially without bounds; parts of his own: paramount ranger, Hyperion; fierce
and Philip, in the city’s thouſandth year, atoned, expander, Titan ; whom we know both the Sun and
for half the time, by double magnificence: there his horſe (XVII. xi.): unerring archer, Pean; whence
exhibiting two thouſand fiſcal (or imperial) gladia ring his Peans, like Bacchus' Dithyrambs: glorious
tors, fifty elephants, ten elks, ten tiguers, ten hy inſpector, (if not parent of the Hours,) Horus, or O
ena's ; forty tame lions, thirty tame leopards; be rus ; as wiſely named by the Egyptians. But, whe
fide river-horſes of the Nile or Ganges, rinoceroſſes, ther Diana ſpeak the daughter of jove, or the ſiſter
bear-lions, camelopards, wild aſſes, wild horſes, and of Day; whether in Apollo be conceived the matchleſ;
* ſo forth. -
far from being in the line of perpetual virginity, Of Apollo, as of a wiſe king, may it be ſaid, that
were held in the undouted road of honorable and he ſcattereth away evil with his eyes. As he wiſhed
happy, as well as early, wedloc. If Diana aſſiſted by every means to illuminate man, not onely did he
prove
oN M A R T I A. L. 487
prove his benignity, where poſſible, by immediate Phereans. His maſter ſhowed his ſenſibility of an
fmiles ; but ſometimes ſaw puniſhment, ſaw ven uncommon ſervant. The ſhepherd making thus out
geance herſelf, indiſpenſable. The preſumption of his term, recommenced the god; but could not quit
Marſyas, or Marſya, the minſtrel, who challenged Admetus, without acknowlegement. He obtained
his godſhip on the pipe, he ſo ſeverely ſcourged; of the Fates the peculiar indulgence, that, when Ad
that it became mercy to metamorphoſe him into metus’ thred ſhould draw near its termination, it
- the river of Celene, a chief town of Phrygia. Mar ſhould be renewed, if any one would give another in
ſyas however had the compenſation of a ſtatue, in its ſted. The awfull moment approached; no ex
the Roman Forum ; cloſe by a tribunal, where he changer came, but his Alceſte or Alceſtis: nor could
was honored with a wreath by the vićtorious. the beſt efforts of feeble Admetus prevent her depri
The ſtatue one would ſuppoſe erected at the ex ving him of a life, meant his ranſom, which he ſo
pence of king Midas ; on whom, deciding honeſtly juſtly priſed more than his own.
in Marſya’s favor, Apollo, finding perhaps the In a divine Claſſic, we learn to regard ſtrangers;
king not ſteel, but gold to the back, had onely be from a hint there well verified, that ſome have received
flowed aſſes ears. For Bacchus, on his progreſs, had angeli. Infernals indeed muſt they be, on whom ge
rewarded Midas' hoſpitality, by doutleſs a Stygian neroſity or hoſpitality is expended in vain. Such
oath (which was irrevocable) to grant his any wiſh. another gueſt proved Hercules at Cleone, in the Pelo
Midas, already rich, wiſhed all he touched might be ponneſe; to his kind entertainer, the old ſhepherd
come gold. When Midas ſoon diſliked (as Swift ſays) Molorchus : for whoſe ſake the heroe encountered and
a golden pippin, as much as potable gold in golden cup ; flew, in the Nemean forreſt, the Lion that long had
he, ſtarving, prayed to wiſh his wiſh away. The kind ravaged the country. To the deliverer, ſolemn were
god bid him waſh in Paciolus, that flows from mount the games inſtituted; to Molorchus, ſacred com
Tmolus or Timolus, in Phrygia; and thenceforth be menced annual honors; and tranſlated, was the Lion,
came Chryorrhoas, or a roller on golden ſand. But to the ſtars.
the moſt current and not leaſt credible ſtory is, that From our acquaintance with theſe gods, we ſhall
Pan, perhaps alſo thro' a fellow-feeling with Mar not wonder at a ſtory, which muſt not be omitted
|
ſyas, tho' a fellow-god with his puniſher; and jea here.
lous of any muſical rival ; challenged Apollo to a - Dardanus, the ſon of Jupiter, by Elečtra, the
conteſt on the ſame pipe, of ſeven unequal reeds, daughter of Atlas, was father to Erichthonius, the
which Pan himſelf had invented. Mount Tmolus, fourth king of Athens (III. laſt.) he to Tros, whence
appointed judge, judged for Apollo. Midas, preſent, QTroy ; he to Ilus, whence Ilium ; and to Aſaracus,
begged leave to differ. The god metamorphoſed no from whom ſucceſſively Capys, Anchiſes, Eneas. The
part of him; but, without much violation, his ears ſon of Ilus, was Laomedon; who wanted walls to
into thoſe of an aſs. Some conſtrue Midas a jealous, Troy. Neptune and Apollo, on a paction, under
no leſs than avaricious, tyrant; that he firſt under took, and completed, the taſk. What ſhall foil the
went all the pains and penalties of wealth; and that Ocean, and Ingenuity ? Laomedon, impregnable,
then feeding mean ſuſpicions, by ſpies employed a laughed at demand. One builder poured an inunda
round; he diverged on his ſubjects that miſery, which tion, the other fiercened a plague. The Oracle,
centered at laſt in himſelf. conſulted, doomed the faithleſs king and his king
The Cyclops, whom we ſaw (XXV. v.) ſo hot at dom, to atone yearly by the vićtim of a virgin. His
*
work with Vulcan; having by their very diligence daughter Heſione lay in her turn, expecting the ſea
offended Apollo, who muſt be owned ſomewhat iraſ monſter, when Hercules came that way. He, not
cible; ſuffered, alas! for their duty; by his erring, knowing Laomedon, ſtipulated with him, for a hea
tho’ unerring, ſhafts. If his heat had not clouded venly ſet of horſes; and, diſpatching the monſter,
him more than their thunder, he had not been ba ſaved the lady. The father treated her deliverer,
niſhed heaven. Doomed to a nine years pennance like his builders. The indignant heroe collected a
in Arcadia, the pleaſanteſt part of the earth; he force, ſtormed Troy, ſlew her ſoverain; and be
there became the patient ſwain on Amphryſus, and ſtowed Heſione on his friend Telamon, who firſt
faithfully fed the flocks of Admetus, king of the had ſcaled the wall. The Trojan heir, captive, was
ranſomed
488 C O M M E N T
ranſomed by neighbors; and thence named Priam, quence In all the three regions, ſaw we Apollo
or the ranſomer. Be this as it may, he revived, re bright: in all the three, has Mercury very delicate
paired, and reinvigorated Troy. He ſo every way employment. Phebut affords a general and regular
advanced and augmented his domain, that he began illumination: Hermes proves not onely his, but the
to ſeem the king of Aſia. When Priam's ſon Paris interpreter of all the gods: winged it head and heel,
carried off Helen, the ſtates of Greece caught unani to accompliſh their commands; to guide men in
mous fire. So opened the Iliad's expanſive ſcene, their condućt on earth, and to condućt their ſouls,
in which Priam, having ſeen his fifty ſons cut off, when ſeparated; in their awfull paſſage to the proper
his city in flames, and his domain at an end; flying manſions, ere they come before the great tribunal.
for laſt refuge, to the altar of Jove; by the ſon of In exchange for the lyre, which Mercury gave Apol
him who had ſlain Hector, and been ſlain by Paris, lo; (for one makes the words, the other ſets them:)
fell. Apollo preſented Mercury with the Caduceus, a rod,
If Apoll, and Phebus be not always interchangeable, which may well combine dragons, like the knotty
Hercules and Alcides may even be parted; tho' Al ſtaffentwining ſerpents, (ever an emblem of wiſdom;)
ceus be generally held his grandfire. But the Mace which he committed to his beloved Eſculapius. Be
donians ſtiled alſo Minerva, and the Lacedemonians, fore the caduceus muſt doutleſs every oppoſition
every deity, Alcides ; whether as the parent, or child fall; and, of truly ſacred origin, muſt be allowed
of ſtrength. While Hercules, under whatever name, the wand; which, with a ſingle touch, lulls every
bears, in every regard, as ſtriking a reſemblance to ſenſe aſleep; nay, with a fingle waive, can awake a
his paragon Sampſon ; as Omphale to Dalilah, Eta to ſoul, not onely from ſleep, but from death.
Etam, and ſo on : Apollo, the Mileſian, from his Chione was the fair daughter of Deucalion, who
oracle at Miletus, ten furlongs from the mouth of (with his wife Pyrrha, or Fire) ſaved from the De
the Meander; the Sminthian, from the double ſtory luge, becomes a poetic ſubſtitute to the element of
of the mice; or the Cynthian, from mount Cynthus, Water. Her conſort was Peonius, of Epidaurus (in
his birthplace in Delos (formerly Ortygia, from the the Peloponneſe) where his maſter or parent Eſcu
quails); has almoſt as cloſe an affinity to lapius had a renowned temple ; as well as afterwards
— vi. 15. The good Arcadian, or Cyllenian, from at Rome, when the god was brought thence thither.
Cyllene, his natal mountain in Arcadia, the moſt ce With Chione's beauty was each beholder ſmitten;
lebrated as moſt charming portion of the Pelopon above all, ſuch gods of taſte as the beauteous brothers.
neſe; the nobleſt peninſula in Europe, joining A Chione's nature partaking of her name (Snow), and her
chaia (in Greece, now Turky) by the Corinthian duty to Peonius rendering her cold to every other;
iſthmus, which parts the Ionian from the Egean ſea. Mercury impatient tried, in the morning, whether ſhe
Obviouſly is it named from Tantalus' ſon Pelops, were impregnable. The touch of his wand locked
who there raiſed a kingdom, of the colony, he had her every power; and ſhe in due time produced
brought from Phrygia. Autolycus, an arrant thief; a very wolf. Apollo
No rival indeed has the Cynthian, but the Cylle ſlily ſtaid till night; when, in the guiſe of an old
nian. Sons were they of the ſame fire of gods. woman (originally, in the gloom of the gray) by the
Mercury's mother Maia, was the daughter of Atlas, aid of a Zephyr, he ſtole upon the obdurate, and
king of Mauritania; by Pleione, one of the con became parent to Philammon; who proved, by his
ſtellation Pleiades ; ſo named from its multitude, fondneſ; for the ſun, a genuine child of Phebus;
tho’ vulgarly the ſeven ſtars. As brilliant then by while another of that name, as fond of the ſand, was
deſcent, may be the ſon of Maia; as the ſon of La probably ſon to Pollux. Poor Chione's charms, which
tona, the daughter of Ceus, the Titan. From ſuch ſo enflamed the brother, as well as his rival, fired no
birth, indeed, much was to be expected on both leſs the jealouſy than the indignation of Apollo's de
fides: for birth, if it be not intrinſic merit, gives at licate ſiſter; who, alſo aided by the Zephyr, with
leaſt the ſpur of promiſe ; which is ſurely a det of her lunar ſhafts, made Chione tempt no more.
honor: nor muſt a limpid ſource be ſullied by a Was not Phebus as much a thief as Mercury Was
turbid ſtream. In whom then could the god of it more wonderfull, that the Snow ſhould bring a
wit fear an antagoniſt, if not in the god of elo Wolf out of his den, than that the Thaw ſhould
produce
.
oN M A R T I A L. 489
produce a milder day ? Becauſe Hermes taught men will make a Mercury: or, in familiar figure : There
letters, and whets their underſtanding ; of which is no making a ſilk-purſe of a ſows-ear.
their free-will may make any uſe; becauſe he directs Yet, not alone for mythologic moral, did Mercu
human feelings, and has too much benevolence to ry ornament public places. The benignant guide
think commerce beneath his care; does he thence was to clear every difficulty, and even to do the mo
prove neceſſarily either thief or cheat? Is he leſs uſe mentous kindneſs of pointing travellers their way.
full or more blamable than Apollo, who may now Nay, that this was his original deſtination, appears
and then (and would oftener, if duly adored;) enable from the allegoric images having ſucceded to the
genius to enlighten, perhaps to ſoar; while he ſuffers monitor, or monument, probably of the moſt ancient
ſo many, whom indeed he cannot help, and kind : even of ſtones piled to mark a memorable
Who, without rime or reaſon, rule or check; event, and ſo to diſtinguiſh the roads that there
Break Priſtian's head, and Pegaſuſes neck : might croſs or terminate. If Hermes himſelf, ſome,
but whom Mercury, if applied to, would have made paſſing the Greek, would fetch from the Hebrew ;
reſiſtleſs orators, accurate hiſtorians, acute mer Mercury, alſo paſſing the midcourierſhip or merchan
chants, honeſt tradeſmen, or valuable as real patri diſe of the Latin, may without force, bring his ori
ots, in the culture of the ground; whether ſober gin from Margemah ; the Hebrew heap of ſtones, to
votaries of the jolly god, or redouted champions of which the paſſenger contributed his pious addition:
her who feeds mankind P. Poetry will exalt, but an antiquity illuſtrating as illuſtrated by
eloquence muſt command; and a thouſand are the Prov. xxvi. 8. As he, that bindeth a ſtone in aJſſing,
inſtances to one, where dexterity or propriety is more ſo is he, that giveth honor to a fool.
requiſite than elevation. Sculpture and Painting, better rendered in our Verſion’s margin:
Muſic and Medicine, confeſs perhaps Apollo as As he that putteth a precious ſtone in a heap of ſtoner,
much now, as in any former period. But, of poe Jo is he that giveth honor to a fool.
try or oratory, which ſteal alike the hearts away; or, even without the inſertive epithet, in primitive
how little is either god arrainable in this enlightened fimplicity:
age! As he, who putteth a ſtone into a heap of ſtones; ſo is
However deep a philoſopher may have been (and he, who giveth honor to a fool.
deep doutleſs was) the Hermes Triſmegiſus, the thrice He giveth the unneceſſary, to the inſenſible; and
greateſ Mercury of the Egyptians; or whatever be the undeſerved, to the undeſiring.
the variety of renowned Mercuries; of all the ancient
gods, the moſt generally, as moſt juſtly celebra
ted among men, was unqueſtionably the ſon of Maia.
His ſocial ingenuity, deſcending almoſt into humor; B O O K I.
his ardor and alertneſs to explain, as well as execute,
the will of the gods; his zeal for the information of P A R T II.
reaſon, in whatever could do her ſervice or pleaſure:
theſe have rendered his worſhip more fervent, his I. ii. 17. B4A 1 LON: the capital of Chaldea;
temples more frequent, his ſtatues far more numerous founded by Nimrod or Belus, and
than thoſe of any, or than of all the other heathen augmented by his ſon Ninus; was rendered by his
deities. Nor could the number of the ſtatues be widow Semiramis, one of the world's earlieſt won
exceded by any thing, except the materials; which ders; not ſo much for the penſile gardens, as for
were themſelves ſometimes ſurpaſſed by the execu the brick-walls ſhe reared, two hundred foot high,
tion. But wood, being the great material of ſtruc fifty thick, four hundred and eighty (ſome ſay a
ture; and, if not the moſt coſtly, the moſt accefli hundred fewer) furlongs in compaſs ; each furlong
ble; muſt have been, as within the reach of all, the a hundred and twenty-five foot, about the eighteth
univerſal repreſentative. Hence the highly ſignifi part of a mile. The Euphrates never overflowing,
cant proverb, whether literally or figuratively taken: like the Nile; canals were drawn from it thro’ the
Ex quovis ligno, non fit Mercurius. Not every wood country, that Chaldea might reap a ſimilar benefit
R r r with
490. C O M -
M E N T
with Egypt. To join the fides of the city, queen bard prognoſticates, to the Amphitheater begun by
Nitocris, the mother of Belſhazzar, called alſo La Veſpaſian, and finiſhed by Titus, with eighty-ſeven
bynithes and Nabonides, by turning the water into thouſand ſeats, for the three ranks of ſpectators ;
an immenſe lake ſhe had dug, erected an enormous when entire, the firſt ſtructure on earth ; and, in
bridge. By diverting the ſtream into that reſervoir, ruins, the admiration of mankind.
did Cyrus enter Babylon, elſe impregnable ; cut off II. i. 17. The colo/al ſtar: a coloſs, which Nero
the rioting and ſacrilegious king, and transfer the had erected of himſelf, a hundred and twenty foot
Aſſyrian, or Babylonian ſway to the Medes and Per high. Veſpaſian ordered the head to be ſtruck off,
fians; about the year of Rome 218, and 536 before and to be replaced by a figure of the Sun. Enormous,
the Chriſtian era. Some centuries after, Seleucus as unnatural, were the idea's of Nero; among whoſe
Nicanor built, about three hundred furlongs from ſmalleſt cruelties, were his ſeizing ſo vaſt a portion
Babylon; on the Tigris, variouſly a rival to the of the city, for his expanſive palace: where he diſ
Euphrates ; the city Seleucia, tranſmuted into the played no more taſte than humanity, in
opulent Bagdad or Bagdat; fince 1640, from Perſian, His pond an ocean, his parterre a down.
ſubječt to Turkiſh government. Babylon's ruins are Romulus divided Rome, into three regions or wards;
hardly more perceptible, than thoſe of Memphis. Servius Tullius, into four ; named, from ſituation,
Her manufactures of embroidery may revive at Bag the Palatine, Collatine, Eſquiline, and Suburan. Four
dat, more eaſily than her mathematical and aſtrono teen regions numbered Auguſtus; who gloried, by
mic fame. Egypt’s Babylon, now Cairo, we ſaw every poſſible augmentation and embelliſhment, to
I. xxvi. 1. 482. render the head worthy of his empire: nor could
The work next to the Pyramids of Egypt, and he but enjoy the conſciouſneſs, that he had found
walls of Babylon ; was Trivia's fane, or Diana's Rome, of brick; and was likely to leave her, of mar
temple at Epheſus; the glorious fabric of Cherſ ble.
phron, and paragon of every magnificence: peculi Claudia's portico is thought, not aſcertained, that
arly diſtinguiſhed by the vaſt chapiters or capitals, of Livia Druſilla, this emperor's ſecond conſort.
on its wonderfull colonnades. Not onely was it the The Claudian was a Samnite noble family; the fa
boaſt of the ſoft Ionia; but, in its kind, the maſter vorite names Nero and Druſus ; the former, ſpeaking
piece of the world. a man of nerve ; the latter ſurname adopted by a
Our poet, after the temple of Diana, hints the Claudius, who, having in ſingle combat ſlain Druſus,
celebrity of the born-altar, ſaid to have been reared a chief of the Gauls, ſhowed thus his reſpect for the
at Delos, (now Sailes) by Apollo, an archite&t vanquiſhed, by wearing ſome part of the ſpoil. The
four years old. Both he and his ſiſter were early porticoes, introdućtory to temple, palace, or other
geniuſes. His materials were the horns of the roes, edifice, were often of like beauty and benefit: af.
her ſhafts had already flain. fording in themſelves real objects of taſte; and in
The fifth miracle o archite&ture, here celebrated viting, by their cool receſs, ſweet converſe or con
is, in the fifth line : the ſtupendous monument erec templation.
ted to Mauſolus, king of Caria, by Artemifia his But, neither palace, nor theater, could be com
inconſolable relićt; who was reſolved to work almoſt plete, without baths belonging, or at hand. The
impoſſibilities in his honor. On columns was it Amphitheater therefore was hardly finiſhed, when
hoiſted a hundred and forty foot high ; and crowned baths became the ſudden boons, of a Titus; who, by
by a car drawn by ſteeds, who ſeemed indeed to fly every beneficence, was impatient to be more the delight
in the air. From Rhodes was it viſible; but now of mankind. Nay, ſuch a Pythagorean pračtiſed, as
remains onely, among the incredibilities of truth; well as praiſed, the Golden Perſes. When, on the
atteſted by the name it has lent to every ſuperb ſe evening's review, he recollected no particular good
pulcral monument, that poſſeſſes not an atom of he had done, either to others or himſelf, ſince the
the object. -
ries of the Weſt, ſome no leſs acceptable ſtrangers. VIII. v. 19. But, were he bid. Martial is no
Hemus (or Emus.) and Rhodope, Thracian mountains, friend to violence, much leſs to ſelf-violence; nor
that ſeem toren aſunder, were a mighty king and ambitious to think with the ſages of Abdera: that
queen ; for arrogating divine honors, doomed to pe Thracian city, whoſe very air was thought to teem
trefaction. Orpheus knew this, full as well as with ſtupidity or madneſs. He therefore pronounces
did Ovid (Met. VI.); but national attachment (lit it leſs bold ſpontaneouſly to burn a limb, than to
tle dreaming of danger (480) where they were,) made refuſe one, where the torturing tunic, lined with
him ſhier of communication. every combuſtible, proves the immediate conſequence.
The Cilician or Corycian, ſometimes called the Some have here imagined a Chriſtian the criminal :
ruddy, dew ; ſprang from Corycus, a mountain fertile admired even by enemies, for denying to offerincenſe
of ſaffron, in Cilicia, a region of Afia the Leſs, now to the heathen deities: which the laſt word, of the
Affatic Turkey. Of that fragrant commodity, dilu Latin epigram, may idiomatically, as elliptically,
ted with ſweet wine, aſperſions were ſent by fine imply.
tubes, over the Amphitheater. IX. i. zo. The Praſnian, from the Greek word,
IV. iii. 18. The dire delating crew : the infidious that fignifies a leek; was one of four liveries, or
informers, and falſe accuſers, encouraged under Ne fačtions ; into which the Amphitheatral charioteers
ro; were, by Titus and Domitian, expoſed to con were divided: the Praſinian or green, ſacred to
dign chaſtiſement: and, after variouſly ſuffering, Spring and Flora; the Venetan, cerulean, or blue, to
what they had wantonly occaſioned to others; were Sky and Sea; the Ruffet, or red, in all its ſhades, to
glad to embrace that baniſhment or relegation, into Vulcan and Mars, or Fire and Fury. White, not
which they had ſo often driven the innocent. unmixed with green, arrayed the fourth party. To
V. i. 18. The Scythian rock was Caucaſus; and theſe Domitian added the Silver, and the Gold.
Caledon or Caledonia, the north part of Britain; High ſometimes ran the tide of thoſe factions; nor
fince the extirpation of the Pićts, by king Ken were the emperors themſelves unconcerned. Nero
neth II. about the year 838, named Scotland. Bears ſeems to have favored the Praſinian, and Domitian
were thence brought in thoſe days; particularly from to have inherited the partiality.
the forreſts of Roſs and Athol: but they have been XI. i. zo. Meleagrian had been the model of Car
(like the Engliſh wolves by king Edgar) extermina pophoric fame. Carpophorus handled the Doric
ted too. ſpears, as Meleager had done the Etolian. The im
The puniſhment of malefactors was deemed a po perial heroe ſtands confeſt. Of his predeceſſor-rivals,
litical exhibition: however aggravatedly ſhocking ſome anecdotes may be acceptable.
ſuch puniſhment muſt be, which realiſed or repre
R r f 2 - Althea,
492 C O M M E N T s
Althea, daughter of Theſtius, and conſort of grandſon of Neptune, having received from Venus
Eneus king of Calydon, the capital of Calydonia in three golden apples, challenged Atalanta; and
Etolia, in Achaia ; after the birth of their ſon, Me threw them, as ſhe came up, before her; but wide
leager, had a viſion of the Fates by the fire; and ly out of the courſe. She, purſuing the bait, loſt
was by them warned, that, ſo long as one particular the race and her liberty. He, as fond to ſeize the
billet pointed to, ſhould remain unconſumed; ſo latter, forgot at once what he owed to the goddeſs
long ſhould the fondling live. The mother ſnatched of love, and to the mother of the gods. In Cy
the brand, extinguiſhed and preſerved it. Eneus, bele's very temple therefore, which his headlong paſ
one day, doing ſacrifice to the gods, neglected the fion had profaned, they both (declares Ovid) were
rites of Diana. The jealous queen of the forreſt, turned into lions: a no unnatural metamorphoſis,
ſent a tremendous boar, to ravage Calydonia. Me where union had commenced without love on one
leager flew, with other youth, to the aid of his coun hand, and without delicacy on the other. Very dif
try; ſlew the boar, and preſented the head, as due; ferent was this Hippomenes, from the Athenian Ar
to Atalanta, who had given the firſt wound. Plex chon, or Chief Magiſtrate, who, having caught his
ippus and Toxeus would raviſh the prize. Meleager daughter Limone in adultery, expoſed her to a wild
cut off both uncles. The candid huntreſs gave him horſe.
her heart and hand. Althea, enraged at the loſs of XII. i. zo. Had thy champion. The matchleſs
her brothers, threw the fatal ſtick into the flames; beſtiary, vićtor not onely of ſteer and ſtag, even ſo
or, as Homer ſays, engaged, againſt the paricide, wild as the buffalo and biſon ; but of a pard, the
Pluto and Proſerpine: one way or other, ſo enſuring male-panther; of boars, bears, and lions; here
her incantations, that Meleager pined away. Whe- . challenges the moſt renowned monſter-maulers of an
ther Althea hanged or ſtabbed herſelf, as the an tiquity: nor alone Bellerophon and jaſon; but Per
cients ſomewhat differ; the moderns will decide by a /ºus, (473.) Theſeus, and Hercules himſelf.
wager, or a duel. But, that her parental fondneſs, Hipponomus, ſon to Glaucus king of Ephyra, ha
emblemed in the brand, and its objećt ſhould be co ving early ſlain Bellerus, a captain of Corinthians,
eval; can no more ſurpriſe, than that his paſſion for was thence named Bellerophon, or Bellerophontes. On
the injured fair, ſhould repel, at every riſk, any vio a viſit to Pretus, king of the Argives, his beauty had
lence offered her; or that the ſame ſpirit ſhould is e the misfortune to ſmite queen Sthenobea. Like Jo
coverably pine, which, on whatever provocation, ſeph, repelling diſhonorable ſollicitation; like him
had bereft at a hunt, two uncles of life; and their too, he was accuſed of attempting a crime, which
fiſler, his mother, of reaſon. Nor ſeems it abſo his ſoul abhorred. The king, not queſtioning, in
lutely clear, whether Meleager was Milanion, long any ſenſe, the honor of his conſort; would not,
Atalanta's hopeleſs lover; or his ſuccesfull rival. however, violate the laws of hoſpitality; even in
But, his or their, Atalanta was, from the Arcadian the puniſhment of their complicated violation. Yet,
mountain Nonacris, titled Nonacria; as well as Ia not wholely to overlook either juſtice or his family,
/ſ, being the daughter of Iaſus, Iaſon, or Iaſion, much leſs their rights combined; he reſolved to ef
king of the Argives; and mother, by Meleager, to fećt every proper purpoſe, by ſending the young ſtran
Parthenopeus, the youthfull beauty of the Theban ger, with a ſealed letter of recommendation, to the
war; and there immortaliſed by Statius (Theb. IV.) queen's father Iobates, king of the Lycians. This
The other Atalanta (likewiſe a nonſuch, ſhy) was monarch, reading Bellerophon's own introdućtion in
daughter to Scheneus, king of Scyros; the Egean his countenance and converſe, as well as that which
ile where Achilles, educated with king Lycomedes' he had brought in writing; determined to be at leaſt
daughters, became by Deidamia, father to Pyrrhus. as delicate as his ſon-in-law, who was ſtill more
This Atalanta, as diſtinguiſhed for ſwiftneſs, as the nearly concerned; nor could the father be leſs
other for ſpirit, filenced many wooers by engaging ſhocked at the thoughts of polluting his hands or
to marry him, who unarmed ſhould outſtrip her in run houſe, with the blood of ſo fine a fellow. Tho' his
ning; but denouncing death with her ſpear, to the an daughter's honor, and ſon's commendation had their
tagoniſt ſhe ſhould overtake. Hippomenes, the great weight; this generous king would do Bellerophon the
compliment
•
*
oN M A R T I A L. 493
compliment of a ſlight command, againſt the Solymi, a Lycian volcano ; the hant of lions, (for who elſe
or Piſidians; with whom he chanced to be at war, dare be) at the top; of goats, on the middle; and,
and whom he knew both able and willing to ſend a if not of ſerpents below, a ſerpenting ſtream may
force fit to ſwallow the ſlender foe. The young make as good a dragon. But, in all countries and
prince returning unexpectedly vićtorious, over the ages, numberieſ, have been the Chimeraes, the moſt
enemy and every danger; was now entruſted with a formidable monſters to mankind. Happy, who can
commiſſion, of deciſive honor; onely to clear the preclude their entrance; or, Bellerophon-like, over
country of a monſter, that had long given general come them 1
conſternation. For in that neighborhood ſeemed to
— ix. 21. The flame-fºoted bulls. Jaſºn, or
have eſtabliſhed its abode, a ſtupendous being; who
Iaſon, was left by his father Eſon, with the kingdom
vomited fire, had a lion's head and breaſt, the belly of
of Theſſaly, to the care of Pelias, Eſon's brother
a goat, and the tail of a dragon. Bellerophon by the mother's fide. His mother Alcimede (by ſome
bluſhed and bowed; unwilling to expreſs and ſcarce
named Polymela) thought proper to transfer the youth
able to conceal, the triumph; which, by anticipa
to the tuition of Chiron, who, being the ſon of Saturn
tion, ſparkled, in ſpite of him, from his eyes. and Phillyra, had a hereditary title to wiſdom and
Three elements joined him, againſt the formidable harmony: both of which he improved to ſuch a de
fourth. Againſt fire, however, Neptune was always gree, as to be regarded (in days of ignorance 1) the
ready. That benign god lent the champion his own world’s firſt friend, in the firſt inſtrućtor of the ri
Pegaſus (I. viii. 4.473). Thus mounted, he flew to ſing generation. While, to the endowments of the
the crowning glory; and returned with laurels, be mind, he added the exerciſes of the body; his be
yond all preceding. Iobates, now learning, as is coming the beſt horſeman of the Theſſalians, who
uſual, by ſucceſs to appraiſe merit; beſtowed, with were then the beſt horſemen of mankind; gave him
a large portion of his kingdom, his other daughter, and them, the fabulous appellation of Centaurs, or
on the heroe. By this princeſs Bellerophon became Hippocentaurs : Bull-goaders, or Horſe-bullgoaders.
(Homer aſſures us, Il. VI.) father to Iſander, Hip Nor could any thing be more natural for barbarians,
polochus; and to Laodamia, who proved mother of who firſt ſaw a good rider; than to ſuppoſe man and
Sarpedon; not widow of Proteſilaus (Ovid. Epiſt.
horſe, an individual. In thoſe days, a Chiron was ex
13). Enormous grief cut off the latter lady: other
plored to form an Achilles; to teach even a Hercules
grief (not remorſe) urged the ſuicide of Sthenobea.
aſtrology; nay, was employed by Apollo himſelf,
Bellerophon, in all his glory, grew tired too of
who had previouſly enlightened him, to initiate his
earthly things. But, as he had always ſcorned what ſon Eſculapius, in the myſteries of the healing art.
was daſtardly, nor ever much followed the beaten To ſuch a maſter was young Jaſon committed; whom
path; and now perhaps elated, beyond all bounds; nature had rendered worthy the higheſt inſtitution.
by the conſtant favor, nay friendſhip, of the gods; Reared in due time to every ability, Jaſon came,
he chanced one day to catch his beloved auxiliary and demanded his kingdom. Pelias, not forward
Pegaſus, drinking at Pirene, the ſteed's and the to anſwer a demand, which he knew not how to de
Muſes’ favorite fountain; at the foot of Acrocorinthus, ny; ſeized the juncture of throwing a bait to a
or Corinth-crown, the mountain and citadel that ſharp-ſet genius:
command Corinth. Bellerophon, ſprings upon the “ Undouted as is your title, my dear Nephew, to
ſteed; and away they fly, by the ſhort road, for hea your kingdom; an opportunity now offers of impro
ven. The heroe ſoaring, like Phaeton, loſt his way ving that, or any kingdom; which onely a prince.
and himſelf. Planet-ſtruck, he alſo dropt; and left of your ſpirit and powers, perhaps yourſelf alone
Pegaſus to explore, as he ſoon did, his own place can embrace. You have doutleſs heard that, on
among the ſtars. -
powers, (ſaid Pelias,) muſt unite, and that ſoon for If the captain was happy, in the confidence of
ſuch purpoſe.” The matter was inſtantly concerted. ſuch a crew; no leſs was he everywhere, the idol of
The firſt veſſel, that deſerved the name of ſhip, was, the ladies. The Lemnian women had conſpired a
wherever or by whomever modelled, conſtructed with gainſt the men. Hypſºpyle, their queen, had alone
all poſſible diſpatch, and lanched at Pagaſa, or Pa ſaved her father. No wonder ſhe ſhould welcome
gaſae, in Theſſaly. Various parts might require the Argo, and be even enormouſly hoſpitable to the
various material: the principal was brought from commander. By him ſhe had twins, ere expelled
Dodona, a town of Epirus, renowned for her for for her piety. Taken by pirates, ſhe was ſold to
reſt of oak, and thence for the oracle of Jove. The Lycurgus, king of Nemea; who availed himſelf of
ſail, ſailyards, tackling and rigging; were prepa a royal nurſe, for his ſon Archemorus. The Ar
red and adjuſted by Dedalus, the greateſt mechanic gives, paſſing to the war of Thebes, enquired of
of that, or perhaps any other time. the nurſe the way to Langia; which runs, thro’ the
The name Argo, variouſly ſcanned, muſt be Greek forreſt, into the Corinthian bay. Haſting to one
or Hebrew. As the former, it ſignifies active or duty, ſhe forgot another; and, a novice to a nurſe
alert ; nor the leſs properly, that it chances (by the child, left the infant on the graſs. Before her
prepoſition's oppoſite powers) to be capable of im quickeſt return, her charge was mortally bit by a
plying the contrary idea. As Phenician, allied to ſerpent. In diſtraćtion, ſhe flies. The father, no
Hebrew, and ſo to Noah's ark; it proves a ſtruc leſs diſtraćted, thunders execution. She, who had
ture of length, or a long galley; in contradiſtinétion ſaved her father, was ſaved by Adraftus, who proved
to the petty roundiſh tub-like barks, before clampt afterwards the fingle remnant of the Theban war
up in Grece and elſewhere. riors. Some date the Nemean games, from the
death
oN M A R T I A L. - 49s
death of Archemorus: for games celebrated ſorrow tural powers of medicating them into youth peren
as well as joy. But the Nemeans are generally nial. The ſame paſſion, which had ſo early en
yielded to the Herculean (I. xxxii. 6. 487.) lion, forced, ſo widely extended, and ſo cordially conti
who has had higher honors paid him. nued, her hoſpitality; made her leave her parent
A viſit made the Argo to a different charaćter. and country, in order to follow the fortunes of an
Phineus was king of Arcadia, or Thracia, or Paph adventurer: whoſe qualities (many, and great, as
lagonia: no matter which. He was blind, and had they were;) had not fleddineſs among them, or even
deſerved it. Poor ſtepmothers do every evil. One the capacity of acquiring it. Hypſipyle had perhaps
had prompted him to put out the eyes of both his no taſte for the Colchian expedition, which Jaſon
ſons. Heaven put out his, and ſent upon him the could not abandon. Medea, for every reaſon, could
Harpies; whoſe rapacious name ſpeaks them terrors not ſtay at home. Jaſon, fer every reaſon, muſt
to the ſeing, and torments to the blind. Daughters welcome the fair inſtrument of his higheſt ſucceſs,
of Sea and Land, they were happily but three: Ody and now indeed his conſort; to the beſt accommo
pete, Aello, and Celeno; who obviouſly ſhow their com dation on-board the Argo: whoſe timely return
plexion, temper, and agility. A fair compound was completed the firſt, and happieſt voyage, by man,
ever undertaken.
each of a virgin's face, a vulture's body, bears ears,
and hooked hands. What companions of an enter But Jaſon, in Grece, remembered not the Me
tainment! The Argonauts went no-whither in dea of Colchis: the Medea, who had crowned all
vain. Calais and Zethes bore to Phineus a relation, his wiſhes ; and had divided, where ſhe could not
which, with Argonauts, might encreaſe attachment. prevent, his dangers: that Medea, amiable as ad
Brothers, tho’ but in law, they drove the Harpies to mirable, and fond as either; for a Creuſa, daugh
the Strophades (formerly Plotae) Eolian iles in the ter to Creon, the tyrant of Corinth ; a Jaſon could
Ionian ſea, weſt of the Peloponneſe: but there, alas! forſake, may repudiate. Juſtice muſt kindle with
the Boreans could neither deſtroy nor confine them. Medea : who ſent, by her own ſons, a preſent, to
Hercules however, who enjoyed, like his friends, the rival ſhe held an adultereſs. She ordered how
the deliverance of their entertainer; learning after ever her dear boys to fly, the moment they had de
wards the cauſe, which he or they little ſuſpected, of livered the curious caſket. With difficulty, not leſ.
Phineus' blindneſs; met him in a deſart, and put ſened by eaguerneſs, Creuſa unlocked a wild-fire;
him to death.
which, dilating by air, and flying into her face, re
The Argo got ſpeedily to Colchis, and Jaſon to duced her, the palace, and all its contents to aſhes.
the heart of Medea: the ingenious, no leſs than beau This renders not incredible, what ſome authors af-.
tifull daughter of Eetes, or Eeta. The ladies indeed firm; that, after the death of Egeus, who eſpouſed
of that country (now Mingrelia) have ever been fa her during the repudiation, Jaſon and Medea were
med for beauty, as attractive as a Golden Flece. reſtored to union, and to happineſs. But candor
But Medea, more than commonly knowing, was believes not, that the powerfull, as often provoked,
(and is) commonly believed, like Circe (I. ii. 6.471) Colchian could render Pelias’ daughters, even in
and Aurora (I. xvii. 15.476) too much ſo. She the plauſible idea of reyouthening him, accomplices.
could eaſily teach, an apt enough ſcholar, to mitigate in deſtroying the man, whom ſhe was too generous
the ſame-footed bulls, that guarded the Golden Flece. to ſuſpect of any finiſter view, in ſending her heroe.
Still more eaſily might he learn to lull the watchfull ſo gloriouſly to Colchis. Shall ſhe be ſaid (and ſaid
dragon, her father; whom, one way or other, he by ſcholars!) to have toren her brother to pieces;.
bereft of dominion, tho’ this he reſtored; of the becauſe his name was Abſyrtus, which fignifies toren.
Golden Flece, whatever he made of it; and of Me aſunder P But, as ſhe (potent lady!) could do any
dea, whoſe ardor to preſerve every one of the voya thing, ſhe dilacerated her poor brother; that their
gers, from the dangers of ina&ion or climate, had father might be too buſy in colle&ting his bones, ac
enjoined, as main articles of regimen, gymnaſtic cording to pious praćtice, to purſue her and her huſ
exerciſes, and hot-baths: whence obtained ſhe her band. Now Abſyrtus, who fled with them, had
caldron for the boiling of men, and her preterna | himſelf gathered all his bones in Colchis: for he
Was
496 C O M M E N T
was confeſſedly ſeen paſſing with them into Illyria, birth of Jesus Christ. So aſcertained an event
(now Dalmatia and Sclavonia) as far as the river had never ſo much the air of fable: nor ever were
that chanced to bear his name. But neither he, nor ſo grand preparations, ſo auguſt a company, ſo ſuc
Pelias, nor even her own children, could dy; if Me cesſull an enterpriſe, more celebrated or leſs under
dea had not ſlain them ſtood ; more important, or leſs inveſtigated, in re
Her charaćter and name ſpeak her the fiſter of Me gard either to object or conſequence. Yet inveſti
duſa (I. viii. 4.473), a like promoter of navigation gation darkens obvious truth. This expedition's
and polity; fimilarly therefore mentioned with as object and conſequence are too great and too mani
much abhorrence, as ſhe has merited veneration. feſt, not to enlighten and enrapture; not to make
Both ſiſters were indeed inſtruments of vengeance, the examiner apply to the mythologiſt: Doth he not
as well as of beneficence. But juſtice had perhaps Jpeak parables P
not elſe employed them. One could ſet the worth Nephele, a cloud, that darkened Beotia, was at
leſs on fire, the other could turn them into ſtone. tracted by the Bacchanalians: for Bacchus (I.
The petrefaction was plainly allegoric: might not xviii. 5.477. xxxii. 5.485.) the very Sun, draws
the conflagration be ſo Medea kindled con clouds, but to diſpel them. No ſucceſſor could ſo
ſcience, as Meduſa confounded guilt. But Envy promote improvement, as ſhe who had nurſed the
has imputation ready for Genius, much more for the improver; and known the god, in his benigneſt pu
Genius of Benevolence: and, ſo contagious is the rity. But, who was entitled to ſuch intimacy, like
breth of Prejudice, not to ſay, of Calumny (yet Ino, the daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia / that
Prejudice is Calumny undeſigned), that, by blowing Cadmus, who, from the Eaſt, had brought letters,
on one unelucidated, tho’ unempeachable, fact or the foundation of human culture; as Bacchus, un
individual ; it ſhall blaſt a whole charaćter or coun der whatever name, had, from the ſame quarter, im
try. Medea is thus made black all over; and Col ported the art of cultivating the ground. The
chis declared for her ſake, as Latium for Circe's (I. children of Nephele or Darkneſs, Phrixus and Hell.
ii. 6. 471) full of poiſonous herbs. But Medea a Horror, that is, Barbarity, and Grece; were of.
lone uſed them in her own country; and the herbs fended at the light, which their new ſuperintendant
ſhe wanted, ſhe found in Grece. The poets may could not forbear to diſplay. Peculiarly as was Ino
indeed be cited againſt both ſiſters. But poets are qualified to cultivate mind and body, the genius and
profeſſed dealers in fiction; and naturally love ma the land; every improvement was, to Phrixus, in
gic, as being magicians themſelves. They build in novation ; and every ſuch advance he held encroach
air as eaſily as on earth, alembic folly into wit, and ment. Unable to continue, where Lerning and Po
even elicit truth from falſehood. Genuine charac lity muſt take place; away he will fly, and carry his
ter, like genuine gold, emerges beſt from trial. ſiſter with him. He will alienate Grece, from all
Then Purity beams, undimmed by Ignorance; and taſte of refinement; and transfer her very effence to
Excellence, unſoiled by Calumny. the ſoft ſoil of Afia. From the fimple Athamas,
Fabulous as the Golden Flete, and its heroes are to whom he makes his reaſons good, he obtains a
thus ſcandalouſly made; no piece of profane hiſtory, veſſel, called the Golden Ram ; and puts on board
ſo ancient, is perhaps ſo well atteſted. Tho' My a few of the beſt ſheep in Beotia. But Helle, what
thology have allegoriſed ſome of the characters; they ever be her affection for Phrixus, cannot go out of
are every one, more or leſs, authenticated. That Grece. Having accompanied him to the entrance of
they were coeval with Priam's father, is as certain, the Seſtian ſtrait; ſhe, one way or other, claims poſ
as that we have ſeen Laomedon (I. xxxii. 5. 487.) ſeſſion of that channel; with which, to fix her pro
and Hercules together. Nor is the epoc of the perty, ſhe compounds her name, in Helleſpont. How
Golden Flece leſs fixed in Chronology, than that of the Phrixus brooked the loſs of his ſiſter, we are not
laſt taking of Troy; which happened about the year informed. But, a briſtling barbarian ; who could,
of the world 2820; from the deluge 1164, from the on ſuch pretence, quit his father's happy family;
Iſraelites’ quitting Egypt, 308; 430 years before the with a view, not onely to deſert, but to betray his
foundation of Roine, and 1 184 antecedent to the country; to diſcloſe her ſecrets, and eſtrange her
-
ſtaple ;
oN M A R T -I A L. - 497
ſtaple, was not likely long to deplore a fiſter; who mountains (I. i. 2, 47.o. xviii.478) where we have often
had left him, the moment ſhe underſtood the in ranged; of the Alps or Apennines, the glories of Italy.
famy of his enterpriſe. He procedes however to and her neighbors; but of Atlas (I. viii. 4.473.) the
Colchis, where he offers the Ram to Jupiter or to heaven-bearer, whom we have regarded in all his
Mars, we know not whether; and hangs up the Gol aſpects ; nay, of the Andes, who, in their very name,
den Flece, in the reſpective temple. He evidently,
expand idea: admitting compariſon or analogy onely
makes a preſent of the barge to king Eetes; with to the floods, lakes, and ſyſtems; of their own old,
the far higher preſent, of the Chymical Volume, which and our New World. Hold, ſent the Bull a roar, .
is no implauſible interpretation; eſpecially as the from ſide to ſide of Aſia. Compliment not ſo faſt
Latin term for fece may imply the flake, or leaf, of
a book.
your New World, at the expence of the Old. I am
But, without figure, unleſs of extenſion, perhaps leſs known in Chriſtian Europe, than the
may not Phrixus have carried a fine breed of ſheep; Alps or Apennines; or even than Atlas, or the An
and thence improved, if not inſtituted the woollen
des; and, for that fingle reaſon, may be deemed in
manufacture, in the Colchian territory Nor was
ferior, to any of thoſe reſpectable elevations. But,
it for nothing that the king beſtowed his daughter.
were my various ranges from North to South, from
Chalciope (or Braſen-face) on a fugitive, of whom he
Eaſt to Weſt, of Aſia, either examined with preci
could know nothing, but barbariſm and trechery.
ſion, or glimpſed, like them, at a diſtance; on me,
Can any earthly object be equal in value Is not
I may without ſwelling preſume, idea might as fairly
the woollen indeed the principal manufacture of the
world nay, the model and foundation of all other
expand. If I generate no fingle river equal to that of
the Amazons, (nor am I quite ſure that I do not;)
texture ?' Well might the flece be diſplayed, in the
ſančtuary ; as that which founds and figures the clo I muſt be confeſſed parent to a number of ſtupendous
floods. No drizzling rivulets are my Euphrates and
thing of human-kind. While thus it muſt be golden,
Tigris ; which, the former riſing in Colchis, the lat
in all its conſequences; the epithet proves natural,
ter in Armenia, waſh Babylon, that was ; and Bag
in every ſtile; from the tawny, or almoſt golden co
dad, that is ; as they roll ſouthward to the Perſian
lor, obſervable on many kinds of ſheep. In every
gulf: my Arabius, and Indus, the very father of In.
manufacture-country is therefore The Golden Flece the
dia; moving in like direétion to the Indian, or Ery
moſt pleaſing, as moſt natural, of all ſigns or ſym
threan; vulgarly the Red, Sea: my Oxus and Iaxartes;
bols: intimating, more forcibly than any other,
which, from the Eaſt, try to augment the Caſpian or
warmth and wealth, peace and plenty ; the Golden
Hyrcanian: call I it ſea or lake a piece of water four
Age. hundred miles by three hundred; abſorbing from the
The recovery then, and promotion of wool, and North, the Ruſſian Rha, or Wolga, or Wolga; who
woollen trade; of all manufactures and all commerce; has probably his ſource, as well as mouth with me.
Twas the undouted, as the grandeſt poſſible, object ; of But mine is beyond peradventure, the glorious Gan
ſhip-building, truly commenced in the Argo; and ges ; who, enriching and adorning unnumbered re
of voyaging, truly begun by the Argonauts. gions; deſcends, not unacknowleged, into the In
Now may we more eaſily aſcertain the ſame-ſooted dian ocean. Beneath my notice, are ſecondary
(or, as Ovid calls them, Braſs-footed) bulls - nor ſtreams; that, in many parts, at leaſt of the good old
ſhall we ſuppoſe them mere braſs-locks, diſplay world, would be ſtiled noble rivers. Secondary I,
ing little bulls, with burniſhed feet, in high re name them, when feeding the primary; as does Hy
lief. Guards they were doutleſs; but probably in daſpes Indus; tho’ the former ſufficed to bound the
tereſted guards: even members of the manufacture, vagaries of an Alexander; whoſe bridge, and every
eſtabliſhed or enhanced by Phrixus in the Colchid. yoke, Araxes ſpurned; yet hailed Auguſtus’ arches;
Whether with burning, or braſen, feet; and, whether ever proud to rollinto the Caſpian; that drinks up tor
manufacturers, or guardians of manufacture; Bulls rents immenſe and numberleſs, unſwelled. Yet, ſixteen
they were, as ſons of Mount-Taurus, or Mount years revolved, they ſtand, and ſee him ſpontaneous
Bull: that immenſe ridge, or ſucceſſion of ridges, paſs each mound. Othou, my Caſpian! What genius
º: that overſpreds Aſia: nor the rival merely of Grecian ſhall contemplate thine expanſion, and not expand
his S ſiſ with
htſ
;:
498 ° C O M M E N T
with thee To thee, Ontario," becomes a Ladoga,t ty, I ſhall name half a dozen: in Cilicia and elſe
or Leman-lake.f Hail, hoſpitable top, ſerene, ſub where, my great name Taurus; in the Leſs Arme
lime! who, to retiring waters, ſaideſt: From me nia, its oppoſite, Antitaurus : in Iberia and Al
ſtill Oxus flow. Thou, chaſer of diſmay f O light, bania, my next redouted title, Caucaſus; whence
beyond the Phare of Philadelphus ! Thou arduous the preſent Ottomans. In Scythia, I am Imaus; on
Ararat, art mine: thee bleſt the far-deſcrying eye of the confines of Meſopotamia and Armenia, Niphates;
Jeſus’ type; high harbinger of Jaſon. Thee the in the Colchian, Corax, or the Raven, from my ſa
Ark her haven hail'd: fair archetype of Arge. If ble hue: yet is Jaſonian, or Iaſonian, my appropria
ſuch the glory of mine orient ſkirts, higher my noonly, tive in the farther Aſſyria: not to mention particular
and my ſetting honors. Eden herſelf is mine, O Pa diſtinétives, or to appropriate the general Ceraunian,
radiſe ! No model thou to Babylon or Bagdat. O applicable to many mountains, who have not their
ſon of Amram what a fatal fall, from the dred Law neck ſo clothed as mine with thander. That I have
that bade a Sinai ſhake, to the fell Arab's Coran' fire at top and bottom is as certain, as that out of my
Araby! e'en Araby the Bleſt, I claim not thee. Yet bowel; thou mayeff dig braſ, : which vindicates whoe
be the Stony mine, where Moſes led: mine Tabor, ver may figuratively render my very feet tremendous,
where his greater ſhon confeſt: mine Calvary, thou whether by braſs or fire.”
crown of Love Divine ! So far the Bull. Yet is not the allegory complete,
My weſtern boundaries were thus the Mediterra or the hiſtory unmingled, without our obſerving,
nean and the Egean. I compaſſed the Axene (ſince that Athamas, weak or mad, as well as every mem
Euxine) as well as my own Caſpian. While I thus ber, young or old, of his family, became ačtive,
covered Aſia; over Afric too, and even once glo tho' unwitting, inſtruments of promoting the Argo
rious Grece, I poured my ſons, like Attila, who nautic expedition, and the conſequent improvements
owned himſelf the ſcourge of God; as Titus (what a of Grece; nay, that Ino and her infant, when they
contraſt !) in deſtroying Jeruſalem, perceived himſelf could live no longer on earth ; had no ſooner left it,
the mere inſtrument of chaſtiſing the once choſen than they commenced inviſible guardians of the voy
people. Tho' my deſcendants ſeldom ſee ſo far, they age. She roſe Leucothoe, or Leucothea, a water-deity,
will meaſure ſyſtems too, according to their original to glide along with the Argo; and her ſon Melicertes
plan, which they are proud to find adopted in Chriſ or Melicerta, inſtantaneouſly a Palemon or Portunus,
tendom ; by the length of ſaber. Since 1453, that imbibed at once the inclination with the ability of
they poſſeſſed themſelves of the Eaſtern Capital, as attending the galley, and doing her every good of.
well as Empire; they have left the Weſtern States to fice; particularly that of ſeing her ſafe in and out of
worry one another, and waſte their reſpective ſtrength harbor. To him were inſtituted Iſthmian games, lit
in the Old World, by battling for ſupremacy in the tle inferior to thoſe of Neptune : the vićtors crowned
New. After this ſketch, not onely of my own ex with pine and parſley. |
tent and poſſeſſions; but of the dominion and policy By ſuch aids, to ſuch Argonauts; with ſuch cauſe,
of my ſons; tho’ I cannot always vindicate either and ſuch conſequence; was formed and executed the
their principles or pračtices, I muſt approve the turn glorious plan of commencing navigation, retrieving
they have ſhown, ever fince the Argonautic age, for trade, extending commerce; opening the friendly in
woollen manufacture ; nor can wonder that, in cer tercourſe of nations, interchanging every poſſible be
tain branches, they have yet no rivals. nefit, and reuniting the members of mankind.
To gratify the curioſity I may have excited, I muſt The name of Helle, having poſſibly drawn ſome at
add one particular. I pervade many nations, and tention to her ſea; a few anecdotes upon it may not
thence take many names. Of at leaſt four and twen be improper here. The Helleſpont, has gained, by
whether oxen ſwam or were carried: from Abydus worthy man rather than to a rich. A man had better
could Leander ſwim, to his Hero at Seftus. One hap /*ek money, than money a man. Take Themiſtocles
leſs night a ſtorm caſt in his coarſe : from a tower, therefore all in all, ſays the Latin hiſtorian, reſolved to
toppled poor Hero, into Helle's ſea. make out his heroe: No one of the Greeks can be deemed
As Darius had covered the plains of Marathon, ſo his ſuperior, and few allowed his equali.
wonderfully cleared by Miltiades; over the Leandrian Andromeda we ſaw (I. viii. 4.473.) the reward of
channel, Xerxes and his myriads, threw a floting her deliverer; and Heſione, (I. xxxii. 5. 487.) of her
iſthmus, joining Europe to Aſia; ere yet Themiſtocles. deliverer's friend. The direſt monſter perhaps of the
had ſcattered them at Salamis, (an ile in the Saronic groop, is (II.xii. 3.) The bull, that low'd terror on Ma
bay, that waſhes on the Eaſt the iſthmus of Corinth;) rathon's plains. Hither the bull dragged, ſay ſome,
and made the monarch, whoſe arrows darkened the
by Hercules; tho’ more affirm, by his friend and fel
air, and veſſels covered the water; fain to fly alone low-Argonaut Theſeus ; was indeed ſlain in Crete.
in a ſkif. The vićtorious Greek, baniſhed by the Minos' queen, Paſiphae, caſt an eye on his ſecre
Athenians he had ſaved, ſought refuge with the
tary ; whoſe name was Taurus, or Bull. Chancing
routed Perſian. Xerxes received, with open arms, to bring forth one ſon like Minos, another like Tau
his viſitor; and immediately poſſeſſed him of Lamp rus; ſhe gave riſe, firſt to the ſtory (exhibited in the
ſacus (or Lampſacum,J a town flowing with wine; Amphitheater) of her interview by Dedalean art,
and, like Abydus, with wantonneſs; conſtituting with a bull; and then, to that of producing the
with Callipolis, the ſtrait now of Gallipoli; while Seſ Minotaur: a monſter, half-man, half-bull; who muſt
tus and Abydus are ſhrunk, or ſwelled, into the have a peculiar abode, and feed on human fleſh. For
caſtles of the Dardaneller.
the former, was conſtructed the Labyrinth, by De
The king, with ſuch ſančtuary, offering his gueſt dalus, the matchleſs mechanic; who, from Athens,
any command, overthrew Themiſtocles in his turn. had taken refuge in Crete. The Athenians and Me
Diſtraćted between a generous protećtor, enemy to garenſians; envious of the ſuperiority, young Andro
Grece; and an unnatural enemy, ſtill his country; geos, the ſon of Minos and Paſiphae, already ſhowed
the heroe, of Salamis, deſerted the ſervice of man in arms; had conſpired and compaſſed the death of
kind ; and ſwallowed bulls blood. Wild in his youth, that promiſing prince. Minos made war upon both
he had never tamed into principle ; tho' one of his nations; but Scylla, daughter to Niſus, king of Me
ſayings was : Mettled colts, well trained, become the gara, wiſhed to make peace with Minos. She made
nobleſt ſeeds. But he had never been trained: his a rape of her father's purple lock, on which ſhe ſup
heroiſm proved therefore little elſe than ſally. Na poſed the fate of his kingdom to depend. Minos no
ture having amply played her part; he claimed the more needed, than brooked the trechery. He de
more regret, the leſs he was entitled to compaſſion. moliſhed Megara, cut off her king, and ducked the
Whatever were the oddities of his charaćter, Plu wheedling traitreſs into an egret. The Athenians
tarch vied with Nepos to retrace it; and, however he reduced to the yearly tribute of ſeven young men,
varied might be his condućt; uniformly were his ſay and as many virgins, to be yearly devoured by the
ings, as ſentiments, ſuch ; that Tully, Quintilian, Minotaur. On the third year, of this inhuman con
Elian, and others, have been as fond, as his biogra tribution; with ſix other noble vićtims, was ſent
phers, to cite them. When Simonides, the Cean the devoted Theſeus. The heroe ſoon deſtroyed the
poet, offered to teach Themiſtocles his new-invented deſtroyer; and, aided by Ariadne, who lent him a
art of Memory: I had rather learn to forget, ſaid the clue, explored the iſſue of the Labyrinth. Not onely
latter. I remember whether I will or no: but I can
ſhe, but Minos' other daughter, Phedra; fled Crete
not forget, when I pleaſe. Themiſtocles may have with him. Ariadne he left at Naxos, where ſhe
been wronged, in the matter of muſic. No human married Bacchus; who honored her with the Cno
heart, not paſt feeling, has diſtaſted it. But ſound, fian crown of ſeven ſtars, when Diana ſent at her
being in all ages, more catching, and ſo more careſ a ſhower of arrows. Minos, finding Dedalus had
ſed, than ſenſe ; Martial would as readily ſay as The impoſed on him, the fable of the Minotaur; ſhut
miſtocles: Give me a man without muſic ; rather than him up in his own Labyrinth ; and, with him, I
muſic, without a man. A ſentiment of a piece with carus, his ſon. The artiſt contrived wings for both.
the reaſon he alledged, for giving his daughter to a Himſelf got to Cumae, where he built a temple to
S ſſ 2 Apollo;
5oo C O - M M E N T
Apollo; but Icarus dropt into the Egean, of which at leaſt one tremendous, as aſſured, auxiliary. By his
Theſeus' aid, he defeated the Centaurs; and ſaved
that part was named after him the Icarian ſea. Some
interpret the flight to have been by water; but that his Hippodame, whom they would wickedly raviſh
from him on his wedding-day. She, alas ! lived
Icarus' bark had ſplit againſt a rock. Others again
not long : nor did the grief of Pirithous. The he
hold both air and water figurative: alledging that
roes, both widowers, and both kings, would have
Icarus, unequal to his father, ſupplied in conceit,
no new conſort beneath a celeſtial. They knew but
what he wanted in ingenuity; and ſo, eafily beyond
of two ; nor theſe quite acceſſible. The king of
his hight or depth, could not but be quickly loſt.
Athens however carried off Helen, a young and
The Amazon Hippolyte, whom Theſeus had either
beauteous virgin. Caſtor and Pollux were too for
won by ſubduing, or received from Hercules; lived
midable, as well as too heroic, brothers; not to re
not long Theſeus' conſort: but quitted not the
demand and recover her. The beauty ſoon wedded
world, without leaving him Hippolytus. This beau to Menelaus, the Trojan prince Paris came a viſi
teous youth, ſoon attracting the eyes of his mother tant. In defiance of every law, he ſtole his fair en
in-law Phedra, turned away his own from her. A
tertainer away. Grece took fire: the ſtates combined.
Phedra could become a Sthenobea (II. xii. 8. 492): The Trojan war commenced. Many heroes were
Theſeus, ſeverer than Pretus, determined the death
ſlain, and ſome not heroes. Paris however fell, and
of his ſon. Hippolytus flew by the ſea-fide: The
Helen accepted his brother Deiphobus. The fiege
baſking ſea-calves ſtartled, by the trample of his continued doutfull. A traitreſs, to her huſband
horſes, ſtartled them in their turn. The innocent
and country ; will hardly be true, to another place
driver, thrown over the rocks, was daſhed to pieces.
or perſon. The beſiegers ſhe began to aid by fig
They do ſay that Diana was ſtartled to : her ſpotleſs nals : the city at length was taken, and ſhe very
companion ſhe knew not how to loſe. She applied readily returned into her generous huſband’s arms.
to Eſculapius, who repieced the dilacerated. Pluto After Helen's firſt rape, Pirithous, more deter
complained to Jove ; who ſmote, with his bolts, the mined on adventure than marriage, tells Theſeus,
Phyſician. they muſt make a viſit below ; and pay their com
The heroes loved Juſtice, tho’ they ſometimes loſt pliments to Proſerpine. Down they went. Piri
fight of her. Creon, king of Thebes, would not thous hardly entered, when Cerberus devoured him.
ſuffer the Argives, after the fatal Theban war, ei Theſeus was kept in chains, till Hercules came, and
ther to burn or to bury their dead. Argia and An by a firſt-rate labor releaſed him. It was indeed
tigone, widow and fiſter to his own great-nephew not far from Acheron, in Epirus, that Aidoneus, king
Polynices; for doing him the funeral honors, he of the Moloſſians, impriſoned Theſeus; for aiding
ordered to be buried alive. Theſeus ſtormed Thebes, this audacious attempt, on his daughter Proſerpine.
and cut off the monſter. He could not ſave Creon’s
So mixed a character muſt turn the ſcale by domeſ.
ſon, Antigone's Hemon; who had not the fortitude
tic polity. The twelve ſtates, or tribes, of Attica,
to ſurvive her. he combined into one people of Athens. Erichtho
To every robber denounced Theſeus fulmination.
nius, the ſon of Vulcan, had long before inſtituted
This felt, in their own way, probably many more
the grand games in honor of Minerva, called Athe
than Scinis, Sciron, Cercyon, and Procruſtes. The
nara, or Minervalia : Atheneans, or Minervalians.
friendſhip of the heroes was inviolable, if not ſo
Theſeus, on the joyfull occaſion of uniting Athens,
always their love. But, if impulſe proved ſometimes revived them under the extended title of Panathe
too ſtrong for duty; friendſhip became often the foe maea: Panatheneans, or, Univerſal Atheneans. This
of juſtice. The Centaurs and Lapiths, two Theſ
ſalian tribes, were long at mutual variance, which glorious feſtival, which Domitian (I. ii. 1. 470) ſo
occaſionally burſt into war: thoſe boaſting themſelves
the firſt horſemen, theſe the inventors of accoo
terments. It is true that Chiron called himſelf a
fondly reinſtituted to his Goddeſs; was, in all re
ſpects, worthy its objećt: innocent, as joyous; and
edifying as innocent. Each city ſent an ox: pro
i
Centaur; but Theſeus' friend, Pirithous, was king portionable the wine. In the expanſion of cordiality,
of the Lapiths. His Lapithian majeſty had therefore and abundance; riot, or abuſe did not dare to ens
ter.
oN M A R T I A L. $o I
ter. Amidſt every ſocial indulgence, the feaſt con moſt everywhere elſe alike ſagacious and communi
tinued intelle&tual. Awfull and ſignificant was the cative, may for once fink to the level of modern
proceſſion. Certain ſages, in maturity of life, car time; yet, that vulgar error, the child of vulgar in
attention, may not, even in one inſtance, boaſt un
ried olive-boughs. With olive were the athlets. -
crowned; and their reward was a veſſel of oil. That exceptioned univerſality; that the exceptions howe
the proprietors of oliveyards might duly contribute, ver may claim no more than the oddity of a laugh, a
their poſſeſſions were named portions. But the crown dout, or a diſbelief: that great names be no longer
ing pageant was the robe of Minerva: a piece of the quoted to ſančtion abſurdity; and that Candor's
fineſt texture, and embroidery performed by virgin exertions may be allowed never too late to pierce
hands. There was exquiſitely wrought the glory of the thickeſt cloud of Prejudice. -
arl the gods, in the war againſt the giants; particu Hippocrates ſays of the Amazons, not that they are
larly the vićtory of Pallas, over their chief Encela a female nation, but that their women ride, ſhoot, hurl
dus. There alſo were woven, in the brighteſt, and the javelin, and fight the enemy, while virgins ; nor
moſt pleaſing colors; the actions of all, who, ani ceaſe to be ſuch, till they have each ſlain her three men.
mated by divine example, had endevored to de All poſſible, of warlike barbarians. But he adds.
ſerve well of their country. This diſplay was onely They have no right breaft for this, while they yet are
at the great Quinquennials. The minor Minerva infants, the mothers ſtar with a red-hot plate of braſ.
lians were, it is diſputed whether, annual or trien Hear we next Plato: I know that, about Pontus, are un
nial. But unexampled was the appearance, of even numbered myriad of women, called Sauromatians (or
a ſpectator, in any other hue than white; the color Sarmatians), who manage not onely horſes, but bows,
probably thence adopted in the Roman Amphitheater. and other weapons ; nay, rank and exerciſe equally with
The Menalian Boar, the Nemean Lion, and the men. From men ſtill he ſevers not their community.
Hydra are diſtinguiſhed among the labors of Hercu Diodorus and Curtius repeat the burning operation;
les; which we now come in their order to confider. the latter adding the reaſon: that they may draw the
Elſewhere ſcattered, they are conſtellated, Epigram bow, and ſend the darts, more powerfully. Diodoros
XXVII. Part III. of this Book. and juſtin give their whole hiſtory, poſſible and im
poſſible. The latter was but an epitomiſt of 7 rogus
—ix. 45. Menalippe: by ſome held a queen of Pompeius : the former ſays he travelled into the coun
the Amazons. Many were the queens of thoſe he tries he deſcribes. As he throws ſo little light on
roines, as kings among the heroes. She is ſome the Amazonian charaćter, he either has not viſited
times however interchanged with Hippolyte, or Hip the Amazons, or brought back the hearſays he car
polyta (II. xii. 3. 500), whom, vanquiſhed and ta ried. Juſtin's ideas were narrow, as his credulity
ken, Hercules gave to his friend Theſeus ; whom, extenſive. He fancied the Amazons confined to
ſay others, Theſeus vanquiſhed and took for him a ſpot, where hiſtorians have doutleſs agreed to
ſelf. Still profounder (as are always the laſt) explo place ſome : on the Pool of Meotis, now the White
rers make her the fiſter of Antiope; and that queen, Sea; and in Tanais, the now Azof, at the mouth of
the beſtower of her own arms and belt on the heroe, Tanai, the now Don; which runs into the Meotis,
for generouſly reſtoring Menalippe. Thus, and much after dividing the European and Aſiatic Sarmatia,
more than thus, teems the Amazonian ſtory with con now Ruſſia and Tartary. Diodorus finds Amazons in -
fuſion : occaſioned by the vague title Amazon, given Libya, or the North-Eaſt of Afric; and Curtius, with
queſtionleſs to diverſe vagrant nations, and abſorbing no leſs propriety, others in Hyrcania, on the South
their particular names. of the Caſpian ſea ; as Plato knew of multitudes on
On a ſubjećt, that has ſo long mocked human un the Axeme, now the Black Sea; and Arrian had heard
derſtanding; and on which the ingenious with the of thoſe on the Thermodon, who pours himſelf into
learned ſeem rather to have ſociably ſhut their own it. There Stephen the Byzantine ſituates Amazons,
eyes, than kindly dreamed of opening any other; it a female race. Palephatus, who writes incredibilities,
is eaſy, as it is fair, to concenter the few glimmerings, thinks the Amazons deſerve a place in at leaſt one of
which have already appeared: that ſo antiquity, al his five volumes; as men, who ſhaved their beard,
capped
502 C O M M E N T
eapped their hair, and went begowned like women; juſtly Like Indians too, they took up the hatchet, as well
thereforeſ, called by their enemies. Sextus Empiricus ſup as handled the bow and javelin. The fourth inter
poſes the poſſibility of male children among the Ama pretation, of meaning impoſſible, as of compoſi
22ns, who take care therefore to lame and enfeeble them tion forced ; is that which, not onely poets have
betimes ; that they may never be fit for manly ačtion. fondly embraced; but which neither philoſopher,
Pliny and juſtin concur in aſſuring us, that Epheſus hiſtorian, nor critic, pagan or chriſtian, has hitherto
was built by Amazons. Heraclides adds, that Hercu had power to explode : the dear idea of breaſileſ.
les, who hence appears their employer, rewarded Fićtion, in her caſtle, created at once ſoverains and
them with a grant of all the lands around: which ſubjects ; and pićture of every kind could eſſence
grant (or phºſis) gave name to Epheſus. This capi impoſſibility. Amputation however muſt prefer the
tal, overwhelmed by an inundation, was, by Alex leſs of evils, if not of oddities. Scevola and Cocles
ander's renowned captain Lyſimachus, when gover loſt but one eye and hand; Arimaſpians," like Cy
nor of Pergamus, rebuilt in the higher and preſent clops (482), being out of the queſtion. One breaſt
fituation. Some hints have we thus, from the an therefore (but that the right) ſuffices to be lopt; that,
cients, of the actions, as well as abode, of the 4 with greater dexterity, they may uſe their warlike
arms.
mazons : none intelligible concerning their charaćter;
but that it was ſpirited, martial, and ready for pub The conſtitution of the Amazons inveſtigated, we
lic ſervice. Strabo however, that oracle of geogra are aided by thoſe who knew them not, to point their
phy treats the whole Amazonian tale as a fable; original regions, and thoſe they in time overſpred.
and Euſtathius, ſo many ages remoter from it, might With the ſothern half of the globe was the nor
be forgiven for coinciding with him, were not the thern unacquainted. Five Zonest were ſevered by
latter ſo able a commentator. Well may both ex analogy. The north Pole being Arctic (476), the
claim : Who could believe that an army, a city, a na ſouth muſt be Antaráic. A mild latitude ſucceding
rion, of women, ſhould ſub/ft without men P. The a ſevere, on this ſide, muſt on that ; and tempera
Archbiſhop turns indeed his indignation into ſome ture advancing into heat, made a middle region that
ſmall commencement of enquiry. On decompoun ſcarce required the warmth of poetic fancy to be pro
ding the word Amazon, he ſaw it might imply with nounced uninhabitable. From frigid clime howe
out bread, as well as living together. But, preferring ver, and ſtubborn ſoil; needy nature will move, with
the former, as not conceiving the latter ; he left all convenient ſpeed, into the gentle and genial.
things much as he had found them. Hence all the inundations of barbarians, under
Amazon admits of a fourfold analyſis. It may o whatever name: Huns, Goths, Wandals, Franks, Scy
pen the natural ſource of emigration ; that which, thians, Tartars: all variouſly Normans, from the
the French ſay, makes the wolf ſally from the ſorreſ - North.
want of bread. Connected with this idea, tho’ not We cannot now wonder to find ſo vigorous aſſoci
with the etymology, is another as fair; that of living ations, as thoſe of the Amazons, from Sarmatia or
in clans, as all infant or emigrant nations muſt: Scythia, ſettled on either fide the Phaſis, the Col
no more without men, than without women: elſe, as chian river and port, condućting to Ea or Eapolis,
Livy ſays of the Romans, before the rape of the Sa now
*
oN M A R T I A L. 503
now Lipopotamo: which, fifteen miles up, and pro ever elſe the Tauric Cimmerium have been right or
bably the parent of Eetes, was doutleſs his reſidence, wrong called, it is no leſs ſurely a capital of dark
and capital of a people that traced itſelf from E neſs, than, near the famous Baths of Baiae, in Cam
gypt; but ſurely not the leaſt diſtinguiſhed of the pania, the Cimmerium, where the inhabitants were
ſeventy cities, children of Miletus, the prolific head truly Cimmerian ; as miners, or other ſubterraneans;
of Caria; ſituate near the mouth of the Meander, who, for good or evil purpoſe, never faced the ſun.
with his fix hundred windings, in nine hundred There was dred Sibyl’s cave. There Ovid reared Sleep's
ninety-ſeven miles. Caria therefore, rather than palace. There Avernus’ dire abyſs durſt challenge
Beotia, having transferred her celebrated wools, and Acheruſa's joyleſs ſource of chilling Acheron, Epirus’
woollen manufacture, to Colchis, gave riſe to the peſt; who braves Arcadia's; nine times winding
fable of Phrixus analyſed in a late article, and to Styx, with all her horrors, may with both her ſons:
the real expedition (493) of Jaſon for the Golden Orcus, the clammy ſtream that aws the gods, and
Flece. Another of the ſeventy ſiſters, is the Gau bids them heed their oath, or be a century ungod
liſh Mafflia, now Marſeilles; who roſe by ingenuity, ded : dull Cocytus ſhe diſdains, whether the Lucrine
and ſank, like her parent, in ſoftneſs. In the Ar claim him, or her rival adopt him. Lethe, who on
gonautic age, Ea was not ſo loſt: her poliſh not leſ Libya's ſhore, was ſwallowed and emerged, acquired
ſening her hoſpitality, ſhe attracted equally Ama the name of the oblivious flood. Another entrance,
zons and Argonauts. As we have ſeen the former alike tremendous, of the climes unſeen, is Tena
on the Meotis and Tanais, ſo muſt we ſee them in the rus, Peloponnefian point; whoſe, mines of ſtone
Tauric Cher/oneſe, now Crimea, or the Crim, by the gape a wide mouth of Tartarus, from the Chaldaic
iſthmus of Precop, joining little Tartary. Here dardar dropt, to Erebus, the ſon of Chaos and of
reigned a Thoas, promoter of ſacrifice to Diana, Gloom ; the fire, by ſtarleſs Night, of him who tugs
when the goddeſs having, in Aulis, ſubſtituted a the oar : Charon, that faithfull, tho’ no flattering
hind to Iphigenia, tranſported the princeſs to this friend! who wafts thee, as the unerring judge, ſhall
Tauric Cherſoneſe, to be there her highprieſteſs. doom, or to the gulf of unimagined woe, or to the
Agamemnon's daughter proved thus ſuch a vićtim raptures of Elyſium's joy.
as Jephthah's ; who was the archetype of Iphigenia, Of the Cimmerian rivers, lakes, and caves, ſuch
as Moſes’ Creation of Ovid’s. Human vićtims were was the ſketch our heroe brought from the banks of
indeed demanded by Diana; who meant rather to Acheron : whence, tho’ he feared not for himſelf,
chaſtiſe than to ſlay. His faithfull couſin Pylades he rejoiced that the Moloſſian king Aidoneus (the
carries mad Oreſtes thither; to make expiation, for poetic Pluto) allowed him to bring the quaking The
the vengeance he has wreaked on his mother Cly ſeus, (II. xii. 3. 500) who had as much deſerved
temneſtra, and on Pyrrhus, who had carried off his the ſalutation of the maſtifs, (peculiarly flanch in that
Hermione. The prieſteſs, knowing her brother, country,) as Pirithous, whom he had abetted in the
ſaves him ; who, to deliver alſo his ſiſter, is forced attempt on that king's daughter. The meritorious
to put Thoas to death. With the friends, Iphige guardian of the lady, Hercules might obtain, as the
nia brings off Diana’s altar; and thence is called nobleſt preſent, next to his friend; from Aidoneus,
the Faſcelian, or the Bundler, ere yet ſhe erect it in who had many more as truſty guards; and ſo be
the Arician grove (I. i. 2.47 1.). Amazons then, as hailed (III. xxvii. 16) returning anquitted, but na
Bulls, or Taurics, meet us on either ſide the Cimme worried by the dog; as dragging Cerberus from ſhades
below.
rian Boſphorus, now ſtrait of Caffa ; and compoſe,
perhaps the whole, of the Cimmerians between Col After tracing the Amazons into the land of credi
chis and Iberia, now Georgia; which comprehends. bility, we have ſeen them naturally quit their na
great Part of the ancient Armenia. tive ſeats, and fall down the Tanais on Mount Tau
Cimmerian, in Afia or Europe, has one origin and rus. (II. xii. 9. 497). His range being infinite, it
idea, from the Phenician camar or kimmer, to lour or ſeems impoſſible to aſcertain, how far they may have
blacken. The Tauric Cimmerium (now Capo di S. paſſed Hyrcania, eaſt or ſouth. They may have pe
Croce) Pliny ſays, was once Cerberium; tho’ Strabo netrated (for aught we can now know) as far as the
name it Cimbrium, as Odin thence coloniſed the Cim Golden Cher/oneſe, or the peninſula of Malacca ; and
brian Cherſoneſe (now jutland)of Scandinavia. What weſtward we can follow them, from the Meotis, into
the
504 C O M M E N T
the Axene or inhoſpitable, which to them became adventitious auxiliaries) he might, with leſs diffi
the Euxine or hoſpitable ſea. Along its whole ſo culty, overthrow the barbarian.
thern ſhore of eight hundred miles, do we find them:
in the vaſt extent therefore of Pontus, which Mithri The next taſk is to ſettle the abode of the Geryons
dates drew Pompey to deſolate, and deſolation called (II. xlvii.14). Whether theſe were three brothers, that,
Amazons to fill. Neither Thermedon nor Halys, was like the Gorgans (473) were ſuch monſters, as to have
their boundary. Thro' Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, but one eye among them; or three plumes on one
Galatia, (or Gallogrecia,) nay Phrygia; and, as we helmet, inſted of one head under it; the three Ba
ſaw them build Epheſus, may we with moral cer leares (or Slinger-ilands) on the Eaſt of Spain; of old,
tainty believe round the coaſt of the Leſs Aſia did little ſeparately known; tho' Majorica (with her ca
they extend. That, in Chriſtian times, they mingled pital Palma) Minorica, and Aebuſa, may have be
with Chriſtians, we cannot queſtion; whether in come Majorca, (at home Malorca,J Minorca, and
the already-named or other regions, in the ſeven Ivica; or the three Spains, the Betic, the Tarraconian,
Churches of the Leſs Aſia, or the diſtinguiſhed cities and the Luſitanian, now Portugal: the treble head,
of Coloſſe, Philippi, Theſſalonica, Corinth, and the reſt. or triple-crown, may have dwelt, as many would have
Nor can we dout, who know their active and mar him, on an ilet between Gades (or Gadir ; now Cadiz,
tial, rather than intelle&tual turn; their having been the mercantile Cales; ) and the continent of Spain;
quite as ready to join the Tauric, or Turks; of whom probably Carteia, otherwiſe Carpeſſur or Tarteſus, a
they muſt have made no ſmall portion, when, in pro Phenician name, ſpeaking her enormous conks, and
ceſs of time, the Eaſtern empire was deluged by thoſe purple-ſhells; at the mouth of the Betis, now Gua
mountaineers. In Aſia therefore and Afric, as we dalquivir; and at the bottom of Gibel-Tarift,
have ſo fatally ſeen them; with parity of reaſon may Mount-Tarif, now Gibraltar; a ſublime and almoſt
we be ſure that they have contributed to darken impregnable mountain, rearing his head like a co
Grece. Nor is their name (if their nature be) un lumn; and under the name of Calpe, (which ſig
known in the New World. However it may have nifies a concave vauſe,) correſponding with a fimilar
penetrated, or whatever particular names it may co on the Mauritanian point, called Abyla or Abila, the
ver; they ſeem, in South America, to have got the woody mountain: they conſtituting the Pillars of
range of the Andes; and what is held the greateſt Hercules, as if planted to guard the ſtrait. Good his
river, deſcending from the greateſt mountains (if title to name the Pillars; who had in ſome ſort erec
Taurus allow this) on earth. ted them. The ſame heroe, that mauled Anteus on
one fide, cut off Geryon, on the other; as an equal
Anteus, called, in one Epigram, (III. xxvii. 7.) enemy to the improvement of mankind; which the
the Lybian ; in another, (II. xlvii. 5.) paraphraſed philanthrophiſt had fingly in view. Carteia or Tar
or periphraſed, The chaffen'd plaſter of the Libyan teſus was indeed built by Hercules, and thence na
ſchool; was the gigantic founder of Tingi or Tingis, med Heraclea ; tho’, by the Phenicians, Melcarthur
now Tangier, in Mauritania, now Morocco; and the or Milcartha ; of Melee Cartha, King-town or King
truly formidable dragon, that guarded the golden ap ſton.
-
of Pyrrhus; at the mouth of the Achelous : a bay, they muſt paſs thro’ this channel; they come along
that opening in leſs than one mile, makes a baſon with it, from certain Greek verbs, that ſignify to
of thirty-eight by twelve. bind, ſtifle, annoy, ſhock, abhor; and ſo are the pa
rents, not onely of Stymphalus, but of Styx. Evi
. As any conſpicuous mountain was a figurative Ida, dently were they annoyers and devourers, by land or
any copious flood became an Achelous; without rob by water; nor unaccountably diſperſed or diſpelled
bing either Crete or Epirus. Achelous is allowed the by the brazen rattle, or cymbal, of a Hercules ; whoſe
offspring of Sun and Earth, and immediate deſcen very name was a wall of braſ, to mankind, as his
dant of Pindus (470). He is ſaid to have fought conſcience was to himſelf.
Hercules for Deianira, the daughter of Eneus and
ſiſter of Meleager (II. xi. 491); whoſe country was The Hydra (III. xxvii. 17) or water-ſnake, with
laid waſte, by a more formidable enemy than a boar. eight mortal heads, and one immortal; the peſt of
Achelous could, againſt ſuch an antagoniſt, turn the whole Argive, and terror of all Grece; was per
himſelf into a bull, or a dragon; tho’, when unpro haps the heroes moſt arduous taſk. By the lake Ler
voked by hoſtility or overfeeding, he could be na, he found the foe. Firy darts, from a car, a
thumane, if not human. To the humane ſtate it is vailed nothing;... and, when he deſcended, every
* ---
T t t lopped
506 C O M M E N T
lopped head gave two to ſprout. He ſummons Io Hercules any purchace, but on the nobleſt. Meaning
laus, his friend and driver; who, fearing every neck however thus to purchaſe the beſt produce of every
(like the breaſt of a young Amazon) with a hot country, he thought Spain's horned cattle an obječt in
iron, prevented regrowth; and fo lent the need his way; and in Spain he found Geryon a threefold
full aid even to a Hercules: but lent not to an inſenſi Anteus. Eryx, like his grandfather, a Pontic Ama
ble. The enraptured heroe thought he could no way zon, had his manhood, inſted of virtue, for its own
ſo well ſpeak at once his acknowlegement to Heaven, reward. As Cacus in Italy, ſo the Lion, Boar,
and benevolence to Earth, as in praying down the Stymphalians, and Hydra, in Grece, were robbers,
renewal of youth on Iolaus. No comment needs the ravagers, or peſts of whatever kind. Hercules, and
Hydra, whom, tho’ not confined to Lerna, nay Meleager (492) had fraternal ſouls: double motives
everywhere alarming, ſuch a Hercules as every one felt both to public duty in Etolia. Atalanta and
may be, will always be as able to quell. Deianira were there. The former we honored (if
poſſible) more than her lover; the latter, being fiſter
Nor muſt be omitted Hercules’ contraćt with Au to Meleager, proved naturally worthy to wound, not
geas, king of Elis, to clenſe a ſtall, that contained unwounded, the ſenſible ſoul of Hercules. Calydon
three thouſand oxen, of thirty years dung. The un was annoyed by no boar: Achelous challenged the
dertaker introduced the Alpheus, who carried all be Traveller. Soon however became Achelous humble
fore him. Payment, denied, was referred to the as Alpheus; and gave up the Lady, as Acheron the
king’s ſon. Phyleus, pronouncing for juſtice, fled (Moloſſian) dog.
to (Ulyſſes’ iland) Dulichium. Hercules, indig
nant, ſtormed Elis, ſlew Augeas, and placed Phy Not merely then is Hercules the echo of Samſºn.
leus on the throne. Whatever may have become of Coincident were indeed the great features of thoſe
Heroes: invincible ſtrength, courage, ačtivity, be
Augeaſſes integrity, ſome allow, tho’ others deny,
him the firſt manurer of ground. nevolence, integrity. Alike unaware of deceit, a
like were they ready to chaſtiſe it. Equal inſtruments
of Providence, in the ſervice of mankind ; equally
Such are the principal labors of antiquity's higheſt
provoked to atchieve things deemed impoſſible ; and
heroe: whom we find travelling the world, with an
, to overwhelm thoſe, who thought to overwhelm
equal ardor and capacity of improving it; alike rea them. Lions and Bears were but playthings to ei
dy to embark in the generous deſigns of others, and ther: and monſters called men, even banded, as
to lead others, (the more frequent opportunity!) in feeble in their hands. By the trechery of Dalilah,
to generous executions. Roughneſs removed, muſt Samſon loſt his eyes; and his life, not unavenged:
prepare Poliſh: Barbariſm ſubdued, muſt pave the by the jealouſy of Deianira, did Hercules, whoſe
way to Humanity. Of all barbarians the moſt in laſt action was in her effectual defence, loſe
veterate and moſt numerous, were probably the Scy his mental eyes, and, in conſequence, his life.
thians ; who, in their various neceſſary migrations, The Centaur Neſſus, pretending to carry Deianira
were ſufficiently diſtinguiſhed, many ages, by the over the Evenus, began, on the other fide, to offer
focial name of Amazons. To this, as the heroes firſt her violence. Hercules ſaw, and ſhot him ; with a
public objećt, has here primary attention been paid. hydra-ſhaft ſo poiſoned, that, dying, he told Deia
On like plan we ſaw Perſeus (473) diſpatched by mira, he had but one way to make her atonement:
Minerva to fetch Meduſa's head; with which he to put into her hands his tunic, which, whenever ſhe
brought into Grece, ſome ſkill in navigation; as, ſuſpected the conſtancy of Hercules, if ſhe ſent it
from the bearer of the heavens, the ſcience of Aſ him, would operate in her favor. This ſhe fimply
tronomy. To all ſcience, and all commerce, was did : he as fimply put it on, became inſtantly fran
Anteus as much an enemy, as Hercules was a friend. tic, threw the bringer over a rock into the ſea, and
The latter wiſhed to bring from the Libyan ſhore, himſelf into the fire of the altar on Mount-kta,
a fine breed of ſheep ; called, by poetic pun, golden where he was about to ſacrifice. Deianira, diſtº.
apples. Anteus would rather dy, and that mankind ted in her turn, knocked out her own brains with
ſhould dy, than ſuffer it on any terms: nor ment the club. Hercules, everywhere beneficent, had
made
oN M A R T I A L. 507.
made improvements in Lydia, and reſided a little atthe dºffroyed death; ſo opening the gates of an Immor
court of (III.xxvi. 16) queen Omphale: whence the tality, groſsly ſhadowed in Elyſium.
joke. As for Iole, the heroe gave her to his ſon Hyllus. The glory of Domitian, is therefore his model:
Himſelf was thankfull for the well-earned Hebe, (pen.) nor will Candor be ſevere on the hyperbolic challenge.
the goddeſs of youth, whom Juno (Providence) had The Uſarpation (III. xxvii. 23) was that of Vitellius,
beſtowed on him. Hylas, a favorite boy, ſent for
ſlain by Mucian, Veſpaſian's general, ačting in con
water, in the Argonautic expedition, by the weight junction with young Domitian; who, not onely de
of a pitcher, was drowned. º
fended the Capitol, but reſtored empire to his father
By motives, not events, are ačtions to be weighed. and brother. With them he duly ſhared it : or ra
Euryſtheus, king of Mycene, had no more merit ther, to them he gladly left it for the company of the
in the labors of Hercules, than Pelias in the ſucceſs
Muſes. I. vi. 4. 472. His breaking the horns of Iſ:
of Jaſon. Both ment onely to involve the heroes, ter thrice (27) refers to his ſubdual of the Cat
who ſtill emerged to diſappoint them. Heathen
tians, Dacians, and Sarmatians. I. xvi. 4. 476.
Mythology, often ingeniouſly juſt, is ſcarce ever ſo
Tho' he declined public triumph, over the laſt; he
to Juno. That queen of gods, at the head of ſtep
uſed all his influence, but in vain, to be ſent by his
dames, is ſuppoſed as much gratified by the tyrant father, as auxiliary to ſome of the Eaſtern princes.
ſhe employs to harraſs Hercules, as by the god ſhe Therefore is he declared (29) To conquer ardent,
bribes to ſcatter the Trojan fleet: Greeks and Tro
and to triumph ſhy. Nor have we forgot why he was
jans being alike to her reſentment. No compliment named (30) Germanicus. I. v. 4. Fanes to the Gods.
is paid to her knowlege of great conſequences, far I. xxxiv. 484. To men he manners gave. III. ii. 6.
leſs to her approbation of them. Thus is Providence Stars to his own : father, brother, conſort, deified:
arrained, as if approving evil; inſted of adored, for And wreaths refreſhing to immortal jave. I. xvi. 6.
educing good. The inſtruments may be nothing As the emperor would have no other attitude, than
the leſs criminal. Soon after the death of Hercules,
that of Hercules, for the imperial ſtatue to be placed
his nephew, and more than nephew, (his friend) in the temple he had erected on the Appian (III.xxv)
Iolaus, leading the Heracleans or Herculeans, met to his heroe; ſo the ingenious, whom Domitian was
Euryſtheus on the plain of Marathon; ſlew him in fond on all occaſions to crown, had private ſtatues
battle, and cut off his head, with perhaps as much of their patron, which their gratitude was proud to
ſatisfaction, as his uncle had done thoſe of the hy adorn. Thus ſaw we Carus (III. xxiii.) who had been
dra.
honored at the Quinquatrians (470) with the golden
The labors of Hercules would indeed forfeit their
olive-wreath, placing it at home on the head of the
name, were they not every one more ſhocking than donor.
another; unleſs perhaps Diana’s hind, whoſe velo
city, giddineſs, or protection, may have, one way Of the Grecian Games.
or other, ſwetted the heroe. Yet can it not be ſaid, -
Of
oN M A R T I A L, 509
of the Greek and other Philoſºphers. hearing, enquired what god the unfortunate invoked.
Cauſe was hinted, in the inveſtigation of the A Learning the truth, he was ſtruck in his turn, with
mazons, for the mind’s being leſs cultivated than the the contemplation of human viciſſitude. He or
body, among the Scythians. Scythia did however dered the captive to be unbound, and entertained
him thenceforth as a brother.
produce one, and but one, philoſopher: Anacharff.
Whence the proverb: Anacharff, among the Scythi Analogous to Creſus, was Polycrates the tyrant of
an: / like Saul among the prophets / He floriſhed, Samos; ere yet tyrant implied an undue ſtretch of pow
with Solon, in an age contagious for wiſdom : of er. Other men fled Misfortune, who ſeemed to fly from
which the Roman Orator allows Anacharſis an un him. Impatient of being on Oddity, he would have
common portion. Temperance and hard living, he a glance of her. He threw a precious ring into the
preſcribed, and pračtiſed. But, for a Scythian to ſea. His cook, from the mouth of a fiſh, returned
go barefoot, to ly on the naked ground, and to it him next morning. The monarch had now nei
make hunger the beft ſauce, will ſeem no mighty won ther hope nor fear. Speedily ſurpriſed by a Perſian
der. An abſolute command of ſenſual appetite, of Satrap (or Governor), Polycrates underwent cruci
fixion. -
taught Socrates to ſublime his own temper, Plato The firſt Stoir, ſo called from the painted Portico,
learned by patience to poſſeſ; his ſoul. Wherever he where he taught, was Zeno, the Cittian; who told
could be uſefull, thither he flew. Once he croſſed a talkative youth : We have two ears, and but one
to ſee Etna, once to deliver Sicily; and once at the mouth ; that we may hear much, and ſpeak little. Tul
requeſt of Archytas, to reconcile Dion and Dionyſus. ly ſeems not diſpleaſed at his compariſon of Logic
Taken by pirates and ſold, he was ſpeedily ran to a fiſt clenched; Eloquence, to its expanſion.
ſomed. Everywhere ſafe, ſerene, honored, he o Athens ſo held him her guardian, as to preſent him
pened in a grove near Athens, the firſt Academy - a with her keys; adorning his waxen image with a
term, whether implying diſtance from the world, a golden coronet. The Stoic doćtrine was little elſe
laboratory for the people, as a library of ancient E than the rigor of Socraticiſm: compriſed in two pre
gypt had been titled An infirmary for the Soul; or cepts. Bear and Forbear: Patience, and Abſtinence;
the once poſſeſſion of an Academus, Ecademus, or ſublimed by Chriſtianity. The Stoic fortitude more
Cadmas. Founder however of the Academics, he approached ſturdy pride, than humble reſignation.
To the mere lights of Nature however, the Stoic
glided thence at eighty-one, ſome ſay eighty-two:
ſect, no leſs than the other ſchools we have ſeen,
leaving numberleſs valuable ſucceſſors; in his ſchool
did abundant honor: no wonder it made converts of
his nephew Speuſippus, to whom ſucceded the ſlow,
but ſure Xenocrates, whoſe word (as ſhould every the higheſt charaćters. By the emperor M. Antoni
mans) was as good as any mans oath: the other nus, and the ſlave Epiéfetus, is the world ſtill edified.
Xenocrates, who returned Alexander’s preſent of The latter, like Pythagoras and Socrates, wrote by the
thirty talents, with a hint, that kings, not philºſº hand of his diſciple Arrian; raiſed, for his merit, by
Adrian and Antonine, even to conſular honors.
phers, bave uſe for money; and ſo reformed the giddy
Polemon (for what will not culture ?) as to render Another ornament of Stoiciſm, and inſtructor of
him ſucceſſor to his reformer: but, above all, Ariſ: mankind, is L. Anneus Seneca, ſon to the equeſtrian
totle, who from ſeventeen to thirty-ſeven, imbibed and eloquent Marcus. The Tragic poet was a third.
Plato, became tutor ten years to Alexander, obtained By the ſame Nero, was his philoſophic maſter Sene
from him the rebuilding of Stagira his native city, ca, and Seneca’s nephew Lucan, commanded to dy.
and eighty talents towards the Hiſtory of Animals. One was too good, the other too great, for the
After the death of his gratefull pupil, he taught, monſter. With as much fortitude did they bleed,
near Athens, thirteen years, in the Lyceum : a ſchool as Socrates ſwallowed the hemloc, when arrained by
everlaſtingly reſpectable for the Maſter, who, neither Arytus, of impiety, for deſpiſing the Eleuſinian
Myſteries
512 C O M M E N T
Myſteries (508). The Athenians too late ſaw their power ºf the air, yet the god of this world; by pro
madneſs, and made Anytus feel his guilt. claiming univerſal indulgence, and placing felicity
: Antifthemes, from the Pireeus or Pireus, the capa
cious port of Athens, went daily forty furlongs (five
miles) to hear Socrates. He ſoon ſold all, but a
ſhort cloke, a ſcrip, and a ſtaff; ſo equipt to be
in ſenſual pleaſure. Himſelf is not ſaid to have gone
much farther than theory; but he opened the door
to every practice. All principle, except Panity, be
came an idle load on the votaries of Epicurean philo
head of the Cynics. They profeſſed poverty, abſti ſophy. He therefore ſet the example, ſo much more
nence, and hardſhip. Some of his anſwers are re potent than precept, of overthrowing principle, by
corded. Nowice: What ſhall I bring? A little book, boldly violating Truth; and boaſting himſelf, in all
Iittle notebook and pencil. Ah! Maſter, I have loſt my his profundity, ſelf-taught ; totally unendetted to
notebook. Thou ſhouldeſt have noted in thy mind. What any maſter. Nor can it be denied that he improved
am I firſt to learn? To unlearn evil. Who are the almoſt as much on his atomic model, as the new phi
well born ? They that well behave. Who is the loſophers of the gloomy ſyſtem have brightened upon
happy man He who dieth happily. Should one med him. Yet another oracle ſays: If the light, that is in
dle with public affairs The public is a fire: come not thee, be darkneſ; ; how great is that darkneſ; 1 Thus the
too near, left it burn thee; keep not too far, left thou ſum of Epicurean doctrine and duty is, Let us eat,
ſtarve. and drink; and take our fill of pleaſure: fºr we
His much-attached ſcholar, Diogenes, was more have ſtanding pleaſure, if not pride, in the thought
truly the Cynic: a ſnarler, a cur. He ſaid to A that to-morrow we dy. He left no writing: for he
lexander: Take not away, what thou canſ? not give could not write. Not having letters, he pronounced
me. Get out, from between me and the Sun. He ſlept them uſeleſs: and wiſely. To Epicureamiſºn, or Epi
in porches and porticoes ; and rolled, till ninety, in curiſm, letters are not onely uſeleſs, but oppoſite.
a tub. Yet propagators of the ſhort and eaſy faith, which
Alike were the Natural Philoſophers bewildered is merely ſhutting the eyes to all faith and practice,
in their enquiries into the world's origin and iſſue. did he leave in verſe and proſe; more ardent than
Each laid hold of an element, while one of the four ever the diſciples of Pythagoras, Socrates, or Epic
tetus.
remained. Thales choſe Water for the ſource of all;
Anaximander, Air. Fire is the principle, cried He A contemporary, and confeſſor of faithleſſneſs,
raclitus, who conſtantly wept the follies of mankind. was Pyrrho, the ſuſpicious philoſºpher, and father (for
His antipode Democritus, who as conſtantly laughed why need he own father or brother ?) of a new ſea,
at them, had nothing left for his Great Cauſe, but or ſet, of philoſophers, called Skeptics, not from
Earth: which, by deep inveſtigation, he found to their inclination, more than ability, to ſpeculate;
conſiſt, as of ſmalls all greats, of infinitely little, but from their like ability and inclination to lean,
next to indiviſible particles, called (in Greek) Atoms. on the whatever prop of their own underſtanding ; to
Of theſe he reſolved to rear an infinitely grand ſyſ dout, and confider, and query, and ſuſpend, the
tem; which made them very naturally, as capable very belief of their own, or any other exiſtence: a
of doing every thing, as anything. His travels in like ready to ſwallow as undouted and unqueſtio
to Egypt availed him little. His element was at nable, whatever neither did, nor could exiſt. All
leaſt ſo dark, that neither Egypt nor he could make this became philoſophy; freedom of thought, and
it darker. He could however put out his own eyes, ſtretch of ſpirit: till philoſophy, in various ſects
as ſome ſay he literally did; while he queſtionleſs and ſenſes, came to ſignify, not the love, but the
did ſo in figure, and loſt the very glory he had floun hate of wiſdom: not the improvement of faculty or
dered to acquire, of even giving name to a ſect. This feeling ; but abſurdity or inſenſibility.
glory, without the trouble or merit of invention, Yet talk we not of confeſſors, when martyrs are
reaped the Athenian Epicurus; who finding no fifth at hand : for zeal is not always according to godlineſ.
element, modeſtly contented himſelf with the bright To mention but one great Roman maſter; Apicius,
diſcovery of his predeceſſor. But, as this dear diſ who will hardly yield to any other Epicurean : his
covery rendered everything happily palpable; no ardent benevolence not onely practiſed the climb of
wonder, that he became, tho’ not the prince of the the hights of pleaſure, above all, in culinary joys;
but
oN M A R T I A L. 513
but publiſhed, for the edification, even of after ages, colleaive onely of times or repetitions, prefixed to
the ſyſtem by which in a very few years he had ſpent Jeffertiňm; or, more naturally, underſtanding it;
a hundred million of ſeſterces, and, having no more renders even the thouſand a hundred times as much.
than a poor ten million left, he thought (and who Thus decies ſºftertiám, or rather ſimply decies, im
will not think?) he made a good apology to the plies ten hundred thouſand (a thouſand thouſand) or
world, for depriving her at once of his farther com a million of ſeſterces: making ſeven thouſand eight
munication, and taking a final ſwing. hundred and twelve pound, ten ſhillings ſterling.
A double ſeſterce made (no frequent coin) vide
Of the Roman money. riatus, the vićtoriate, threepence halfpenny farthing;
But we cannot deal with any people, unleſs we a double vićtoriate, or four ſeſterces, a denarius or
underſtand its money. The firſt Roman coin was (I. denary; in conſular times, a ſeventh more ; but,
xiii. 1. 474). As, ſeemingly from AE, (braſs,) its early in the empire, reduced to equivalence with an
metal, originally of a pound-weight: whence its Attic dram: our ſevenpence halfpenny. The tenth
parts, in weight or equivalence, became twelve equal of the denarius was libella, the little pound, ſuppoſed
portions, named unciae, ounces. War may amplify (tho’ but worth our three farthings) equal to a pound.
(or mutilate) warriors; but contraćts one finew. of braſs: its half ſºmbella, from ſemilibella ; and e
From twelve, Ar dwindled to two ounces, to one, to ven teruncius, the fourth of our three farthings.
half an ounce-weight; retaining value. The ſixth Of gold coin, which Rome firſt formed in her
of As, or two ounces, was ſextans, the ſextant; the 546th year; the Aureus, Golden or Golding, weighed
fourth or three, quadrant, the quadrant; the third, two ſilver denarii, denariuſſes, or denaries : equal to
or four, triens, the trient; the half, or ſix, ſemit or no leſs than ſeventeen ſhillings and ſixpence ſterling.
ſemiſſis ; two thirds, or eight ounces, bes; three Like the other denary, and about the ſame time, it
fourths, or nine, dodrant, the dodrant; five ounces, ſhrank a ſeventh; and, weighing two drams, re
quincunx ; ſeven, ſeptunx: ; ten (leſs vouched) decunx: ; mained worth our fifteen ſhillings. Under a Nero
eleven, deunx ; one ounce, uncia. Liquid meaſures, began all weight, not before miniſhed, to dwindle.
coinciding, adopted the terms, except the firſt and Domitian, the friend of juſtice, reſtored it to twe
laſt ; at and uncia. Cyathur, the cyath or cup, ſup
drams; as did again Aurelian.
plied the latter; ſextarius, the ſextary, the former;
being twelve cyaths, the fixth of the Congius : this The very marks and ſtamps muſt be known. As,
between a gallon and nine pints Engliſh. The half abbreviated L. for Libra, a pound; for the double
ſextary was hemina, cotyla or cotyle, originally the and half (Semir) L. L. S. The H. S. then for Seſ
hollow of a large joint, as the huckle-bone. In terce, ſeems a corruption; whether by neglect, or a
braſs were alſo coined decuffs, ten aſſes, or denarius, helleniſtic affectation. Quinarius or Wićtoriatus, the
the denary; viceſis, twenty, and ſo to centuſii, a quinary or vićtoriate, the double-ſeſterce, or five-As
hundred ; equal to our ſix ſhillings, and threepence. piece, was as properly diſtinguiſhed by a V. whether
In her 484th year, Rome began the coinage of for Vidoriatus, or half an X; as Denarius, the dena
filver. The loweſt, ſo moſt common ſilver-piece, ry, by a whole X. How rational the marks of other
was ſºffertius, the ſeſterce, nummus (coin) underſtood; nations ! And can we continue to mark pounds,
being two aſſes and a half, equivalent to three half ſhillings, pence and farthings, by 1. s. d. 4. P Feels
pence, three half-farthings, Britiſh. A thouſand not Common-ſenſe
norance aghaſt? indignation, and ſtands not Ig
a -
— laſt. 31. Here water flow'd. From the lakes One favorite exerciſe" was that of the Retiarius or
in the third region, where ſtood the Amphitheater; Netman, and Secutor (whom hair-ſplitters would diſ
and whence the Martian aqueducts had been made criminate from the Mirmillo) or Purſuer. The for
by Ancus Martius, was water by pipes conveyed in mer with a tunic and hat tied, wielded a net to
to the pit, or ſand, for the ſea-fight; and as eaſily catch the fiſh painted on the others helmet, and in
withdrawn, to admit the gladiators, whoſe exhibi his left a trident or three-pronged fork to diſpatch .
tion followed. him. The fiſh, mailed with a buckler, and armed
XLII. i. - Leander, diſtreſſed us, xii. 9.498; with a fauchion, eluding the caſt, became the pur
but entertains us here. ſuer; in act to return the compliment. The victor
XLIII. laſt. —. Tethys, the conſort of Ocean; was rewarded with money, flung or given. When
proves in figure almoſt interchangeable with Thetis, the ſatisfaction was ample, the (pilus) pile or jave
the Nereid, daughter, as was alſo Galatea, of Nereus, lin beſtowed, made the gladiator free; the (rudis)
and Doris, water-deities. Tethys ſeems here as re rod, wand, or foil, diſcharged him from farther public
ºnce
quiſite to Engliſh harmony, as Thetis is indiſpenſa exhibition ; he then turning laniſła, or trainer, of o
ble to the Latin correſpondent. Their near rela thers; but to a freeman gave an abſolute diſcharge
tion from gladiatorial duty. He hung therefore up his
iſ th:
XLIV. vii. 32. Triton, the ſon of Neptune and arms in the temple of Hercules. But the kingly
ºbes;
Salacia, is the paragon of performers on the Conk, people had the power of life and death. The vićtor,
etſ: or ſea-trumpet, with which he is ſaid to make ſea, durſt not grant the former, if the inverſion of a
can.) earth, and heaven reſound. Much more was he de leading ſpectator's thumb pronounced it not to be
a leſs lighted with the duff (x) of ſpray, than he could due. - -
Tau
have been by the duſt of bridges; which ſome, ſure The exhibition of gladiators was firſt a funeral ſa
ºf in ly not water-wiſe, would throw over the glowing crifice: blood was ſuppoſed pleaſing, or honorable
herſ: axel. to the dead. Captives, or ſtubborn ſlaves, were
cº, — xv. — The Fucine lake, in the territory of the the vićtims. M. and D. Brutus, honored their de
rºle. Marſians, a brave people near the Apennines, bor ceaſed father with the commencement of gladiato
dering on the Samnites, and the Equians. There rial exhibition at Rome, in her 490th year. An-en
uſed Claudius had exhibited his Naumachy or ſea-fight: tertainment, ſo ſuited to a ferocious people, kindled
as had doutleſs Nero, in thoſe pools (490) duly ſtill ; into a rage. Every, or no, occaſion, joyous or grie
ſtagnant and corrupt as his chara&ter. vous, demanded gladiators: Conſuls and Emperors
XLV. i. 32. Myrinus, Triumphus. The Gla muſt keep and produce them. Numberleſs pairs
diators were trained, as their name imports, to every ſufficed not: companies battled. The Thracians
uſe of the ſword; nay, of every deadly weapon, to (true Amazons, with their little round targuets) were
which the idea may extend. Not onely, tho' gene the moſt renowned champions: Spartacus headed a
rally, did they fight on foot. They ſometimes re ſchool, and ſhook the empire. The free became en
preſented the Gauls (as Eſedarii) in chariots: and ſlaved by licentiouſneſs; debauchee knights and
tho' the cloſeſt attention of the quickeſt eye ſeemed ſenators would become gladiators. Cicero and Ju
indiſpenſable to any ſcene where dextrous death was lius began to reſtrain ſo ſhocking an abuſe: Auguſ.
the mutual object; that no variety might be pre tus made an edićt, prohibiting more than two exhi
cluded, and no fear find place ; on certain occaſions bitions in the year; or more than fixty pair at ei
did they play the Andabatae, Andabates, or Gro ther. Knights and Fathers he commanded to de
pers; and, pulling the helmet over their eyes, fought, baſe
Servius Tullius, the fixth (or laſt but one) king of The people would have magiſtrates ſubordinate to
Rome, inſtituted the Cenſus, or fiveyearly ſurvey the Tribunes; to judge inferior cauſes, as well as
and valuation of people and property. Kings and to inſpect ſtrućtures, meaſures, weights; and games.
Conſuls did the duty, till 311, that, cares growing This was indeed demanding hands for the Cenſors,
with dominion, two Cenſors ſeemed indiſpenſable. whoſe heads could not a moment deny them. In
Their office; quinquennial, as its objećt; was too 389, two Curule Ediles were added; or ſuch as ſhould
permanent, not to alarm. In 420, the former was ſenatorially claim an ivory-chair of ſtate, named Cu
reduced to a year and half. Property and condućt rule, as Romulus Quirinus, and the Romans Quiri
were to be examined and regulated. Revenue was tians, from Cures the Sabine city, where Tatius had
to riſe on decorum. The new magiſtrates were in reigned, ere he united his people with the Romans:
ſpectors of all public works and ways: in reality as ſome ſay from Curis, or Quirit, a Sabine ſpear; and
name, the Lords of Polity. Miſdemeanor they pu this from an oriental root, implying to dig, break,
niſhed in all ranks, by expulfion, degradation, or bruiſe, or tear. Julius, in 710, named a third pair.
fine : a ſenator they expelled or excluded by omit Cereal Ediles: intendants of corn and commerce.
ting his name in the roll: they degraded a knight, by About 292, the Tribunes demanded written laws.
withdrawing his public horſe, if not ring. A plebeian Years elapſed before an embaſſy ſaluted Athens and
they could move to a lower claſs or tribe, deprive of other Greek cities; to cull thence every requiſite for
his vote, or ſubjećt to a fine. The double taſk per the Roman conſtitution. On the return, it was a
formed, anciently in the Forum; after, in the pub greed that ten principal ſenators ſhould be inveſted
lic Villa, an erection in the field of Mars; the Cen for a year with the enſigns of ſoverain power; but,
ſors made an expiatory offering of a ſow, a ſheep, and one at once, in alternation. A code, from Grece
a bull, compounded in the name of the ſwovetaurilian and Cuſtom, was formed in ten tables; and ratified,
facrifice. From the luſtration, or purifying ſurvey, before the Augurs. One year expired made another
aroſe the luftrum, or luſter, a quinquennial period. expedient. The continued Decemvirs added two ta
An office, that had been long in the hands of ſu bles. Juſtice, far from fenced, was invaded. A third
preme power, reverted to it under Julius and his year beginning without apology, the Decemvirate
ſucceſſors: nor did any more defire, or more deſerve, proceded, till Appius’ attempt on Wirginia. Her fa
than we have already ſeen Domitian, the firſt of ther thought her death the leſs of evils. The Con
imperial cares, in the ſuperintendance of polity. ſuls and Order returned.
Subordinate to the Cenſors were the Queſtors : the
Colle&tors and Treaſurers of the revenues, the for Such were the civil dignities of Rome; the ſacred
mer had ſettled. About 269, two young men were were the following: Augur, Aruſpex, Pontifex, Fla
choſen. With occaſion, the number augmented. men, Salii, Feciales, Epulones, Sodales, Weſtales, Si
Queſtors muſt attend Conſuls and Pretors; nay their byllini.
ſubſtitutes, Proconſuls, and Propretors. City-Pretors It is as natural for hope or fear to wiſh weakly
and forain Pretors claimed City-Queſtors, and fo– the knowlege, as for reaſon to acquieſce thankfully
rain Queſtors. Theirs was the care of accommoda in the ignorance, of futurity. Man always knew
ting Ambaſſadors; and theirs became, under Au enough of moral, may of phyſical conſequence. But,
guſtus, the honor of treaſuring the Senates decrees. taſteleſs for what he ſhould know, and thirſting for
Hence aroſe the titles, Queſtor to the Emperor, and what he ſhould not; he often will know what he
2ueſtor of the Palace ; the latter appointed by Con cannot. Folly excites impoſture; and impoſture,
ſtantine. duly puniſhed, comes to delude herſelf. Soothſay
But the people would have its own protećtors. Re ing thus, or divination, ever the recourſe of feeble
volting in 26o, they were allowed two Tribunes. In minds, deſcended, in various ſhapes and names,
297, the tribes poſſeſſed ten guardians. Redreſſers thro’ the Chaldeans, Greeks, and Etrurians, or Tuſ
augmented grievances; and the bounders of power cans, to the Latins and Romans; with whom it reſ
uſurped it boundleſs. They had but to forbid and ted many ages in the venerable ſcience of Augury, or
divination,
$18 C O M M E N T
divination, chiefly by bird. This interpreted therefore, a little oval buckler dropt from heaven. To
Dreams, Oracles, Omens, Portents, from natural ſecure it, he had on earth eleven made undiſtinguiſh
Agents, as Thunder and Lightning; anything heard ably like it: one for each of twelve prieſts, who might,
or ſeen : the voice or flight of birds, whence auſpi in red tunic, braud belt, and copper headpiece, very
ce: ; their picking with good or bad appetite; the edifyingly dance (484) in the month of the god; or
appearance of certain beaſts in particular manner: oftener, if war muſt be ; to a Jaliar ſong, the king
heifers, aſſes, rams, goats, hares; pregnant bitches, himſelf had compoſed for the purpoſe. His ſucceſſor
wolves, foxes, weaſels, mice; and equally all o Tullus Hoſtilius, who partook more of Romulus,
thers: little accidents; ſneezing, ſtumbling, ſpilling paid a martial vow, by doubling the number of the
ſalt, wine, and ſo forth. Greeks and Romans, no Salians; who could not be too numerous, every
leſs than Perſians, (perhaps all men) paid the firſt where as they met more ample than pontifical enter
talnments.
regard to the quarter of the riſing ſun. The Greeks
looking to the North, held the right the lucky hand; But, if war muſt be made, the Heralds ſhall de
the Romans to the South, the left. Any Augur nounce it; from that court of honor and public faith,
with lituus, that is, crook-headed ſtaff, and mantle, named Feciales, Fecials: twenty equitable negocia
could take an augury: but the maſter, or eldeſt, a tors of peace, and reluctant, tho’ reſolute promulgers
lone could divine from the awfull ſcenes of nature. of indiſpenſable war. Pater-patratiºs, the very father
The deciſion lay with the college, which Romulus of execution, ſhall in ſtrongeſt form, and apteſt fi
compoſed of three, Servius Tullius of four; the Tri gure, proclaim it on the hoſtile borders.
bunes, in 454, of nine ; and Sylla, the Dićtator, in Very different was the duty of the Epulonel, Epu
671, of no fewer than fifteen. loes, Entertainers ; who on critical occaſions, invi
Another college, more peculiarly Tuſcan, was that ted the gods themſelves, and brought their images
of the Aruſpice: ; Engliſhly, Aruſpexes: Altar-ga on beds of ſtate, to ſumptuous feaſts in the reſpective
zers. Theſe were to ſpell events from the appearance temples. Theſe inviters, originally three, were a
of the ſacrifices : of the beaſts, bowels, flame, flour ſeptemvirate in the time of our bard; and of his
(whence immolation) ſalt, incenſe, wine, water ; friend the younger Pliny, who in an elegant little
motion, color, ſhape, ſufficience; endleſs. Often letter ſtill extant, begs Trajan, to make him either
were theſe ſages conſulted, as the former. Augur, or Epulo; that ſo he might be entitled to
A college, more auguſt than either, was that of addreſs the gods for the Emperor, with like public
the Pontiff, or chief Sacrificers, by Numa inſtituted -
and private fervor. -
four: after augmented, like the augurs, to at leaſt Members of every community are Sodales or Com
an equal number. They ſo ſuperintended holy things panions, Fellows: but Sodalis became the title of an
(472) that the Emperors claimed the title of Pontifax officer, who ſhould ſee the vowed honors duly paid,
Maximus, or Chief Pontif, till Gratian declined to a departed Emperor. Thus Sodales Auguſales,
it. the Auguſtan fellows, were, a college appointed by
By Numa were alſo appointed the other ſacred col Tiberius, to watch over the returning ſolemnities of
leges: the Flamines or Flamens; whoſe name hints Auguſtus, and of the Julian family.
inſpiration. Every deity had a Flamen or prieſt; but Nor leſs watchfull muſt Numa’s four Veſtals be, of
the three principal were, the Dial, Martial, and Quiri the ſacred fire; of the Palladium, Eneas brought
mal: thoſe of Jupiter, Mars, and Romulus. Supe from Troy ; and of their thirty years virginity.
rior ſtill, tho' inferior to the High Pontif, was Rex Picked by the High Pontif between the years of fix
Sacrificulus, or Rex Saerorum, the Maſter of the Sa and ten, they continued his peculiar care. Novices
crifice, or king of holy things. the firſt ten years, they officiated the next ten as
Numa, Romes ſecond ſoverain, peacefull as his prieſteſſes to Veſta, or the holy fire of purity: in the
predeceſſor had been warlike : laid the foundations third decad, they initiated and inſtructed others.
of peace by (his idea's of) piety. He wiſhed there They then regained their liberty, which they natu
fore to temper where he durſt not diſregard, the moſt rally employed in perſeverance. A Veſtal, that broke
oftenſible parent of the infant ſtate. That ſtate he her vow, was buried alive: the contraſt of the ho
kncw muſt follow the marvellous. To cure a plague nors paid, while ſhe deſerved them. The enſigns
of
on M A R T I A L. 519
effower were boren before her; a Conſul or a Pretor ricked by Claudian, to all the woes that overtook
him. *
gave way to Purity incarnate. A criminal, on the
road to whatever puniſhment; if met accidentally by Nor, but with Getic arms, the traitor-foe
a Veſtal, caught innocence and ſafety. Eſſay’d in vain to lay the empire low :
One other ſacred college was that of firſt two, then The miſcreant bade audacious flame devour
ten, then fifteen commiſſioners, for the preſervation The fatefull volumes of ſupernal pow'r. -
of the Sibylline Oracles. Neglecting nine Sibyls, Deep with the brand Althea's f heart was tor'n:
take we the tenth, the Cumean or Erythrean, ſtiled Poor Niſus’t hair the very warblers mourn.
alſo Euboic or Eubean, as traceable from the Italian The ruthleſs parent, and the impious child,
Cuma to Chalcis or Cuma in Eubea; and thence to At all unparicide combuſtion ſmil’d.
her native city in Etolia or Meonia. Of her longe Yet artleſs them, will juſt mankind explode;
vity Ovid tells us (Met. XIV.), that Apollo, in teſ In aw of him, who dar'd th” eternal code.
timony of his favor to ſo faithfull a votary, and con Mean burners all! cries Stilico the great:
ſequently to mankind, granted her wiſh of as many I fir’d the diſtaf, in the hands of fate.
years, as ſhe could graſp particles of ſand. Of her
Books, the time of their introduction to Rome is diſ IX. i. 37. Support of things, I. ii. 9.
puted by the two Tarquins. The elder, and fifth —— v.–. Command to ſeem, and ſo on ; the form
king, ſeems the character ſhe would rather chooſe to of the petition. From the combat of the Horatians
deal with. Yet A. Gellius ſays: “ To Tarquin the and Curiatians, three brothers againſt three brothers;
proud (and laſt king) came a venerable female, of. on which, to ſave both armies, the ſuperiority, of
fering nine volumes for three hundred pieces of gold. Rome or Alba, was to turn ; and which eſtabliſhed
The king thought the price too high. She burned Rome, in her 83 year, under her third king Tullus
three ; and, for the fix remaining, demanded the Hoſtilius; on the demolition of the rival city: from
ſame ſum. Tarquin, provoked, again denied it. that great event, great in its very hiſtorians, eſpe
She threw three more into the flames. Three, ſays cially Livy; whoever poſſeſſed three ſons, was
ſhe, remain; now of threefold value. For them I in honor with the Romans. To ſuch poſſeſſion were
make onely the original demand, of three hundred privileges annexed; transferable even to imputed pa
pieces. The king aſtoniſhed and abaſhed, thankfully ternity: an imperial indulgence, that took occa
paid the money. The ſeller vaniſhing, he ordered fional place, from the death of Druſus, the ſon of
the three wonderfull volumes to be depoſited in a Livia Druſilla; to whom Pedo's Threnody is yet
extant.
ſtone-cheſt, and treaſured as the Oracles of the Ro
man people, in the temple of Capitolian Jove:” XII. xviii. 38. Attended by a knight his own: the
where, with that temple, ſome pronounce them bur happy purchace of friendſhip. Knights, a middle
ned the year before Sylla’s dićtature. Suetonius de order, between Patricians and Plebeians, were alſo
clares them preſerved entire, under the baſe of the | of three ſorts: by birth, and a fortune of four hun
Palatine Apollo, in the time of Auguſtus; who dred thouſand ſeſterces: 3125 p.ſ. (pound ſterling):
cauſed the genuine to be ſevered from the ſpurious. by the right of ſerving on horſebac, a horſe and a
Theſe may have been onely copies, as ſome ſay, of ring being allowed the knight, from the public: by
extraćts, collected in Grece, by order of the Senate. imperial favor, as in the caſe of our poet; entitling
But they retained their veneration, till the days of to a place in one of the fourteen equeſtrian (or knight
Theodoſius; when moſt of the Senate began to own ly) rows of the Amphitheater. -
the light of better-vouched Oracles, with which -— xx. —. The Saturnalian founces: the humors
however the Sibylline amazingly chimed. Becoming of the high feſtival, celebrated in the eighteth book.
XIII.
at leaſt unneceſſary under Honorius, Stilico thought
it pious, or plauſible, to burn the whole remnant of * General to Theodoſius, he acquired glory. Under
ſo auguſt an antiquity. No wonder if the poet Honorius, he aſpired to empire; andfell, with all hit,
Rutilius ; who was prefect of Rome, but a pagan ; a ſacrifice to ambition, in 408.
in his Itinerary, doomed Stilico, however panegy t II, xi. 1. 491. 1 II. xii. 3, 409.
520 c o M M E N T
XIII. viii. 39. The Capitols purlews, I. xvi. 4. a celebrated temple, and whither the Thebans had the
476. honor of bringing tribute. Some have thought them
— pen. —. Her Gorgon, I. viii. 4.473. daughters of Bacchus and Venus. Two oracles of
XIV. laſt. —. Caſtalian, I. i. z. 47.o. divine genealogy, pronounce them the offspring of
XV. pen. 40. The double boon. Etruſcus, in re Jove; and Heſiod ſays, of Eurynome, daughter of
legation, was attended by his ſon; whoſe piety and Ocean; but Orpheus, of Autonoe, the daughter to
prayer, obtained the wiſhed recall. Cadmus and Harmonia. Antimachus, the Colo
XVI. pen. —. This envoy of Sardaan ſkies. The phonian bard, who proves, to Plutarch's ſatisfaction,
dove (ſweet meſſenger of grace!) promiſed thus to that Homer was his townſman, declares them daugh
Aretulla; from our poet's ingenuity, and the empe ters of the Sun and Egle, whom we admired (491)
ror's clemency; her brother's return from Sardinia, with the two other Heſperides. Variouſly are them
held then a rigorous ſcene of baniſhment. ſelves alſo named. Heſiod and Orpheus, their ar
XVII. ii. —. This bird a Welius vow’d. Vows dent votaries, become (no modern) duelliſts for the
were the contraćts of ardor with heaven. As the ob
ſmiles of Aglaia, the ſweets of Euphroſyne, the ſpi
jećt appeared, to the votary, important; the vićtim, rit of our (470) Thalia. Aglaia, called away, ſends
or ranſom, was to be adapted. Nor ſeemed any her friend Paſthea; more perhaps a heavenly, but
more meritorious than the bird, who, having (by leſs an earthly Grace. Yet ſay we not with the
happy alarm) ſaved the Capitol, was not onely pro Greek ſatyriſt:
nounced (by Virgil) more ſagacious than the dog; but Nor Faith, great goddeſs! now, nor Wiſdom ſtand:
was venerated as a guardian of the empire. The
The Charities, my friend, have left the land.
Sarmatic war (I. xvi. 476.) being completed in eight
months, the loyal Velius Priſcus cauſed eight em For naked Grace, however, we may ſay; that ſhe,
like Truth and Lavinia,
blematic coins to drop from the bowels (a part ſacred
in augury) of a filver-gooſe, ſaid to have been ſuſ. Needs not the forain aid of ornament ;
pended at the ſtatue of Mars. But is, when unadorn'd, adorn'd the moſº.
XVIII. vi. 41. Hail their lord: Domitian. That Their very number, nay, their names, have been
fiſhes can be tamed, is known, to naturaliſts ancient almoſt as much diſputed as their parentage. But,
and modern. Elian, Oppian, Atheneus, Varro, as genealogy is not every one's talent; ſo many talk
diſpenſe their various light. The miracle is a poetic of the Graces, who have never ſeen them, never in
apologue. deed heard their names. Nor can it be denied, that
– pen. —. A ſimple diſk. An innocent, as the Siſters are ſhy to all, who do not ſacrifice at the
unhooking, entertainment. altar of Orobomenus.
XX. ii. 42. Offspring; by Domitia. The em Three is Mythology's, and perhaps mankind's fa
peror's niece Julia, gone to the ſhades, is here ſup vorite odd number: as the ſmalleſt, that can conſtitute
poſed to borrow the diſtaf, in order to ſpin the golden plurality, variety, or gradation. Three are therefore
(or happy) threds for the babe from Phrixus' flece. alſo the Antipodes of the Graces: the daughters of
II. xii. 9. 493. But long ſhe did not ſpin : poets Acheron and Night; jarring ſiſters, who ſtill agree
are not always prophets. in envy, hatred, and malice, and in all uncharitable
XXI. v. --. Bootes: the ploughman of the ſky. neſ. The Greeks name them well Erinnyes, or i
Helice, the Greater Bear, I. xvii. 5. 476. ronically Eumenides ; the Wranglers, or the well-in
XXII. iii. —. Lygdos, II. xxxv. 1. clined — to wrangle and to rage. Oft, alas! are
– v. 43. The Acidalian knot. The Ceſtus, or ſeen and felt, Megera, Tiftphone, and Aleão; well
belt, of Venus ; which her lover had well placed in marked by their ſnakes, ſcourges, and torches of
the hand of Julia: whoever was ſmitten with it, yew: a tree to them, for every reaſon ſacred. Not,
became enamored of the ſmiter. Venus loves the that they need its aid, to ſhoot, whether privily or
title of Acidalian, from Acidalus, a Beotian fountain, openly, at him who is true ºf heart; or its eſſence,
at Orchomenus or Orchomenum; where the Graces had to cnvenom their communication. Their words are
Jpears
o N' M A R T I A L. 52 I
ſpears and arrows, and their tongue a ſharp ſword: the (495); Cerberus and Geryon (503, 504), we know. We
poiſºn of aſps is under their lips, and the way of truth have not forgot the threefold nature either of Apoll,
have they not known. (485) or of his Siffer; much leſs, the peculiar regard to
Other three ſiſters however are awfully at hand. the trinal number, in the celebration of the Secular
Inexorable as they are, with reluctance do they ſend Games; and ſtill leſs, the thrice three(470) our glory and
back the three celeſtials, who never indeed hurry, joy. No need is then to ſwell ſo obvious recollection, e
out of a world that ſo much needs them. Nay, with ven by Neſtor's hyperbolic three centuries, which rea
ſome reluctance do they congratulate that poor world, ſonable computation brings down to thrice three tens.
when the three infernals precipitate themſelves (as The cauſe of ſuch preference has been already glimp
they always more or leſs do) into the ſtate they have ſed: nor can anything be more natural, than to com
ſo long enjoyed by anticipation. The progeny of bine extremes by a middle; without which neither ex
Jupiter and Themis, of Power and Order, are Clotho,
tremes nor middle could have meaning; and without
Lacheſs, and Atropos, grooped by the Latins, in the which nothing could begin, continue, and end. But,
word Parcae; as portioning (rather than ſºaring) hu tho' Fools will ruſh, where Angel, fear to trea’; let not
man life, according to the old comprehenſive line: our juſt reverence deny us the ſublimation of the
Clotho colum retinet, Lacheſs met, et Atropos occat.: ſubječt, in the Trinal Union, which, without be
Holds Clotho, ſpins Lacheſis, Atropos cuts. ginning or end, conſtitutes continuance. While the
Or in a diſtic: rational and the learned find happineſs as well as
Sage Clotho holds, juſt Lacheſis extends : honor in the humility of adoration; knowing them
Dred Atropos the ſtamination ends. ſelves empowered to vindicate, at once the doćtrine
and its vehicles; they muſt pity, where they cannot
With the three ſiſters laſt mentioned, are three bro prevent, the modern Democritans; who dazzle out
thers cloſely connected: Minos, Rhadamanthus, and their own dim eyes, or thoſe of each other; and
Eacus, ſons of Jupiter by Europa. Some call the bark with as much ſhrewdneſs at myſtery, as does a
mother of the laſt, Egina : a name, ſays Ovid, he poor dog at the moon. Yet had that half-reaſoning
gave his kingdom, before Enopia. When a plague animal half the powers, that ſeem much too ſcanty
had deſolated Fgina, the ſame poet tells us, ſuch for partition; he would be much too wiſe to attack
weight had the juſt king's prayers with Jove; that either Context or Manuſcript, that pronounces:
ants ſtarted into an induſtrious people, whom Eacus There are TH RE E, who bear record in Heaven, the
thence named Myrmidons. The ſecond was king of Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghoſt; and theſe Three
Lycia. The firſt we already know a little (II. xii. 3. are ONE. And there are Three, that bear witneſ; on
499); nor are quite ſtrangers to his juſtice, were it Earth; the Spirit, the Water, and the Blood: and theſe
but in the inſtance of his keel-haling Scylla; who, Three agree in One.
from pure love to Minos, had betrayed to him her That other odd numbers are as generally choſen,
father and his kingdom. Juſt lawgivers were all as the cauſe is generally unknown; whoever thinks,
three, on earth. No leſs juſt Mythology made them will perceive. Whether the five Senſes ſought their
judges of the after ſtate. Minos was incomparably objects or not, quinquennial have we ſeen all the
chief. Eacus, according to Plato, became judge of great feſtivals and games, with the very exerciſes em
the Europeans; Rhadamanthus, of the Aſiatics. ployed in their celebration. The ſmaller were tri
Of the ſame parents with the Fates, is another ennial or annual; but the number, fike the neceſſi
groop of fiſters, whom we have ſeen (477) atten ty, odd. The ſame has been obſerved of the five or
ding Aurora: even Eunomia, Dice, and Irene; Or three acts of dramatic compoſition: for which ſome
der, Juſtice, and Peace. They were born, ſays Or writers have feebly attempted to account. But va
pheus, in the ſpring; and fail not to bring good rious reaſon may be traced, beſide the adjuſting of
fruits to thoſe, but thoſe onely, who cultivate, while cycles, for the hebdomadal number; or for ſevens
they may, ſo momentous as momentary viſitants. being in the natural, as well as Jewiſh, and Chriſtian
The Heſperides (491) have charmed us with a higher world, the preferable collečtive of days. Life can thus
charmer: II. vi. 4. ,The Gorgon; (473), and Harpies count but a few weeks of years; and, by weeks of
X x x Ar years,
522 C O M M E N T .
years, was Daniel’s prophecy fulfilled. Seven be fix hundred, the French peculiar thouſand milliaſº,
came the indefinite for ſtars, and forgiveneſſes brigh the Engliſh twenty, forty, fifty, a hundred, a thouſand,
ter than ſtars; ſo ſweetly and ſublimely multiplied, in ten thouſand, a million ; as in twenty caſes, a million
Jeventy times ſeven. of examples. So we count by dozens and ſcores, ra
Anticipation has long ago hinted, that even num ther than by elevens or nineteens. After the brace or
bers are as much founded in nature, as odd. Two alternative, Nature ſeems, for ſets, to love the ſquare
make ſymmetry, without variety: and every even next to the dozen. Thus the cardinal points and
number but repeats two; as all numbers one, or cardinal virtues, the ſeaſons, the elements; the
wholes parts. Three, and thence any ſmall odd four monarchies, the four laſt things, which the
number, make ſymmetry and variety, without con French call the four ends of man; thus the twelve
fuſion. The eye has but to open on a fine ſtrućture; * months and the twelve ſigns; the twelve tribes, the
and the fineſt of all ſtructures, the frame of man. º Fºlº the twelve Ceſars (of whom Domi
The dual was before the plural, as the ſingular be tian is the laſt), the twelve" Judges of England, the
fore the dual number. Like attention to all three laws of the twelve tables, the twelve labors of Her
therefore, have ſome languages; particularly the cules, the twelve books of the Eneid, the twice twelve
Greek. Much attention indeed has every language, -
of the Iliad: in regard probably to which models,
and ours more than ſome of her ſiſters, to dual as Milton altered the diviſion of his maſterpiece, from
well as plural propriety. Whether, with its two an ten books, to twelve. But ſufficience determines
ſwers, is peculiarly dual; which, interrogative or reaſon. One, two, three, four, or five, may be
indefinite, belongs to the plural number: nor does preferable, to more ; as is, all elſe alike, the ſmal
common-ſenſe fail, which ſhould induce common puri ler, eſpecially in books, to the greater number. Pro
ty, (if theſe be not claſhing terms,) to allow the com priety therefore ſettled the five books of Moſes, no
parative its duality, the ſuperlative its plurality, of leſs than the ten Commandments; as it fixed the
cbjećts. Examples ſtart: Whether of the two P bleſſed brace of the Old and New Teſtaments.
Which of the three? Whether is better? Which is Our language indeed prefers, as do few others,
beft P. To return however from no forain ſpeculation: the general colle&tive dozen to ten, unleſs in money
in every ſenſe antecedent to the ſmalleſt variety, is a matters; as in all preciſe caſes, the decadal or deci
pair, an alternative, a contraſt; and thence the com mal is Natures diviſion of number, or rather her re
pariſon already ſettled: former and latter, firſt or laſt; newer of collection and calculation. Nor is it quit
both, not all. Next to a brace is a ſquare ; in right ting Nature, to glance at Arithmetic; the teſt of Rea
lines, what a circle is in curve: phalanx-like, the ſon, and guard of Juſtice: that wonderous as fami
ſtrong and perfect figure. No figures being ſo near, liar Power, who has her combinations and progreſ
becauſe none ſo oppoſite, we inſtantaneouſly taſte the ſions, of odd and even numbers, like the right line
eaſy ſtrength of Horaces, and the curve, light and ſhade, reſt and motion, ſo
He now demoliſhes, and now he rears: beautifully blended; or, like the viciſſitudes and va
The vami/ht ſquare a circling form appearſ. rieties of immortal friends ; ſo ſupporting and re
Nor are we leſs qualified to admire his friend Virgil lieving each other; that theſe without thoſe could not
pronouncing, Alternation glad the Nine ; Th’ unequal be made perfect. -
ments of all are, one and two: in that, the power dued Sardinia, he there, at an advanced age, ſubdu
of form; in this, of matter. Of univerſal number, ed, by the aid of Ennius, alſo the Greek language.
the power is ten: ſo far fimple, thence recommen He repented not long, what he could amend; but
cing. Often the eſſence lies in four: for the ſum did repent, ſhorter or longer, that he had paſſed an
of the firſt four digits (1, 2, 3, 4) is ten. By pro idle day; that he had gone by water, when he could have
greſſion therefore from unit, all number lies in ten : walked; and that he had diſcloſed a ſecret, even to the
by power, in four. partner of his boſom. His two ſons proved worthy of
Plutarch, on Plato's Timeus, demonſtrates the qua their father.
ternion to be four nines; thirty-ſix compriſing the Marcus, if not Porcius, emulated the virtues, not
four firſt, both odd and even numbers; or the eight the temper, of his great grandfather. The conſul
firſt numbers, in their alternation: ſhip denied his ſollicitation. The rigor of his cha
1 3 5 7
raēter, however extolled, made an oddity of his not
diſliking wine. He envied, therefore hated, Ceſar.
2 4 6 8
The Pompeian remnant, from Pharſalia, he led,
3 7 11 15 = 36. thro’ the deſarts, to Juba, king of Numidia. In
But the Pythagoreans ſwore by the Tetrađys - defence of Utica, beaten by C. Scipio, he fell a mar
tyr to the meanneſs of pride.
Na; ex rº, äuirie: Jux; ratzºrra Tiréantúr.
- ii. - Fabricius, at the tail of the plough,
an awfull (nor undiſputed) adjuration, in the be when not at the head of the army; gave Pyrrhus, for
ginning of the Golden Verſes. An unknown hand the offer of the ſecond place in Epirus, a modeſt
has paraphraſed thus:
hint: Were I to join thee, thou wouldſ ſuffer with my
Firſt, the great Gods thine humble rev'rence claim: country. Thy people would make me king. When Pyr
Uſe, with religious aw, their ſacred Name. rhus' phyſician came, with the propoſal of poiſoning
Aſſur'd they view thy ways, let nought controul his maſter; the Roman returned him in chains, to
The oath thou once haſt bound upon thy ſoul. the king; who did the conſul alſo this juſtice: Sooner
will the ſun quit his courſe, than Fabricius his integrity 2
By the Quaternion, ſays Ariſtotle, the Pythago VI. iii. 48. Thy late abode, built (I. xiii. 1. 474.)
reans ſwore, four being the inſtruments of judge by Numa. The new temple, begun by Domitian,
ment; or, as another ſtiles them, the critical pow
was completed by Nerva; and farther adorned by
ers: underſtanding, knowlege, opinion, ſenſe. Hie Trajan. In the Forum, or market-place, were the
rocles however apprehends, that Pythagoras ment by people aſſembled, the courts held, harangues deli
the holy Word, the Deity, a quaternion; which Sel vered from the Roſºrum, or beaked pulpit; and all
den finds it, in the four letters mn jehovah. public buſineſs was tranſačted. Julius made a ſecond,
Auguſtus a third, and Nerva a fourth, named the
—sammº ºm tranſitory Forum, to humor the tranſitions or paſſa
ges of Janus.
VIII. iv. 49. Iw /ēreme repoſe: untrampled, as un
frozen.
B O O K. I. -
524. C O M M E N T
Pompey, and julius, we occaſionally meet : nor are emanation; the human ſoul. Neither violence there
they ſtrangers, to whoever has converſed with Hero fore, nor violation is offered ; when reaſon draws
dotus, Juſtin, Salluſt, Livy, Valerius Maximus, the needfull increaſe of light, from the very fountain.
Plutarch; or with ſome leſs diſtinguiſhed hiſtorians. Truft ye, in the Lord, for ever; for, in the Lord je
XIII. ix. 52. Serian. The Seres were Scythians hovah, is everlaſting * ſtrength: and everlaſting be
of Cathaia (now Eaſt Tartary) north from the Sinen nignity. Thee, too, if thou walk upright before him,
fian (now the Chineſe) empire; and perhaps the firſt he will make young and luffy, as an eagle. Bleſſed are
cultivators of the filkworm. the pure in heart : for they ſhall ſee God. With an
XIV. iii. — Perdant gold : tinged with the glow eagles eye, by mere Natures light, Tully deſcried
of Scythian emeralds. Ganymede, the perennial youth, who crowns the
x. — The Phrygian youth: Ganymede, Joves cup of gladneſs, as of innocence; and the virtuous
cupbearer; carried from Mount Ida, or its neigh ſoul, the ceaſeleſs obječt of her Father's love: a
borhood, in Phrygia, by Jupiter in the form of an beam of that Wiſdom, who was with Him from the
eagle; and occaſionally changed into one, in order beginning ; and who can never be at home, but with
to bear (II. xxi.) Jove in his turn. No emblem Him: for in His preſence is the fullneſs of joy, and at
could Mythology have found in animal nature, ſo pro His right-hand are pleaſures for evermore.
per as the king or queen of birds, to exhibit ſtrength,
pervaſion, intuition, dignity; whether in the ſource * Or, the rock of ages.
of their perfection, or in the untainted vigor of its
C O M M E N T on M A R T I A L.
B O O K II.
Ep 1s. 1. 8. p. 53. A Trident : 515. ther literally or figuratively ſulfureous: which, ador
EP I G. I.I. i. 54. Thraſea, or Thraſeas, a ning Tibur (now Tivoli), at the fixteenth or ſeven
Stoic philoſopher; who, by Nero, doomed to dy, teenth ſtone, where Hercules had a temple; carries
repreſſed the tears of his friends; ſtretched his arm three lakes into the Tiber, called alſo for ſome ſuch
for inciſion, and, ſprinkling the blood around, ſaid: reaſon Albula. For whatever reaſon, the air of Tibur
A libation to jove the deliverer / His firmneſs was was ſaid to whiten ivory. A Greek city ſhe was,
founded on public and private virtue. having been founded by Tiburtus, with his brothers
No reſemblance bore he, but in name, to Thra Catillus and Corus; ſons of the hapleſs Amphia
ſeas or Thraſius, the ſoothſayer; who, when Egypt raus and mercenary Eriphyle. Fatal necklace! not
was periſhing with thirſt, thought to gratify her ſo onely to them ; but to their ſon Alcmeon, and to
verain, with the prognoſtic, that Heaven could be Alpheſibea’s two brothers; nor leſs to the peace of
melted, onely by the ſacrifice of a ſtranger. Buſiris, Achelous' (505) daughter, Callirrhoe.
aſking his country, found him one ; and pronoun Between the third and fourth ſtone from Auguſta,
ced: Thou ſhall give rain to Egypt. The king met
juſtice in his turn. Hercules, paſſing thro’ his land,
the noble appellation of any capital, yet peculiar to
the miſtreſs of the world; ſtood the villa of Regu
|
was likewiſe devoted to the altar. The heroe de lus, an eminent pleader before Centumviri, or the
ſtroyed the tyrant, his ſon, and his ſacrificers. Hundred Judges; who were indeed five more: three
VI.ii. 55. Anio, or Anien, now Teverone, was epi for each of the thirty five diſtrićts. In the temple
theted heary; from the whitening of the caſcade, whe of Julius, were held the four Courts, of which the
younger
oN M A R T I A L. 525
younger Pliny (Epiſt. v. 21. vi. 33.) continues an — xiv. — The large token was a little globular
ornament. The eſcape of Regulus, had deeply box, containing the name of the prize, to which the
ſtruck his friend; who ſpeaks his double gratitude, catcher was entitled: a ſtag, horſe, houſe, or what
in the double celebration. The preſent therefore of ever. Safe was thus the moſt delicate bird, or aught
Epig. VIII. however pleafing, muſt be ſtill leſs ac elſe, from ſcramble.
ceptable than the two preceding, or than that which XIV. i. — The ſeeds mareen : ſea-horſes or dol
follows. phins; tho’ the original admit various reading. Sa
Subura (490) a noted market (like London's Co cred are they to Apollo, who gave them better ears,
vent-garden) leading from the Forum to the Preneſ than to Midas. Herodotus, the father of hiſtory,
time Way, produced the particulars. Chios (now treats us with the following. Periander, king of
Scio, turkiſhly Saches) was not more famous for Corinth, and one of the ſeven coeval ſages of
maſtic, and clay, that vied with the Samian or Leſ Grece, about 600 years before the Savior of man
bian; than for figs and wine, of a pleaſant poinan kind; held in peculiar favor Arion of Methymna,
cy. This iland, one of the nobleſt in the Egean, the city next to Mitylene, the capital of Leſbos, the
fituate off Ionia, enjoyed the neighborhood of Ery ſecond ile of the Egean, and ſeventh of the Mediter
thrae and Cuma, both ſacred (519) to the Sibyl : ranean; once miſtreſs of the Troad, and parent of
the latter the head of the thirty Eolian cities. South Sappho ; as ever famed for corn, wine, and women.
from Cuma lay (and lies) Smyrna, about this time, Arion, maſter of the lyre, and of lyric poetry, ob
conſecrated one of the ſeven Churches; nor leſs re
tained his patron’s permiſſion to carry his talents to
nowned in paganiſm ſeveral centuries before the Si Italy. There his fame ſoon made his fortune, which
byl, for the birth of Homer, ſtiled from the Smyr he had now reſolved to bring home. For every rea
nean river Meles, Meleſ genes: an honor however, ſon he choſe a Corinthian bottom, with Corinthian
as claimed by Antimachus, allowed by Plutarch, to navigators. Theſe no ſooner ſaw their prize, than
Colophon; who cannot be denied at leaſt her vici
they were unanimous to make it good. “My all
nity to Cayſter, majeſtic in his ſwans. Wherever (ſaid Arion) is at your ſervice: ye ſurely will ſpare my
Homer was born, his mother’s birthplace was the life.’ ‘For thy life we have no more occaſion, than
rocky Ios, an Egean Sporad (or fraggler) where the for thy company: thou muſt onely ſtep over into the
bard, on his way from Samos to Athens, ſuddenly ſea.” He begged leave to play one farwel-tune: a
taken, died. Oppoſite Chios, ſtood Clazomenae grace they indulged to their own curioſity. Arion
proud (510) of her Anaxagoras; as, between Ery tuned his loudeſt and moſt plaintive Orthian: an ap
thrae and Colophon, Teos or Teios, the Ionian port, peal perhaps to Diana, the patroneſs of integrity.
and undouted parent of Sappho’s poetic friend E This performed; in his uſual ſuccinét attire, he
rinna; while Anacreon is diſputed by the Paphla ſprang into the ocean. Poor Gellius had not heard
gonian Teium. of Jonah; and ſo might well cry out: O miracle of
X. i. 57. Lev’rets . I. ii. 26. piety / A dolphin offered his back to the melodiſt,
XIII. i. 58. Phlegrean triumphs were thoſe of and carried him ſafe to Tenarus,” in Laconia. A
Hercules, near Phlegra or Pallene in Macedon; rion, ſending every gratefull ſtrain with his deliverer;
where he ſubdued poetic giants, barbarians. Mines proceded, thro’ the Peloponneſe, to Periander. The
of ſulfur, occaſionally ſhocking that country, e king diſbelieved his ſenſes; but commanded his a
mitted eaſy bolts for fulmination. Lyeus’ pomp (477) mazement, till the ſhip arrived at Corinth. Per
we ſaw. Stella need fear no rival, unleſs our bard, haps without diſſimulation, he enquired anxiouſly of
in the magnificence or delicacy of compliment. the crew, what they had heard of Arion. One was
With Hermus, who rolls his gold, thro’ Meonia or the anſwer, that Italy reſounded with his name, and
Lydia, to Smyrna; we are almoſt as well acquainted, - had.
528 c O M M E N T
tell truth in earneſt! His ſon Stefimbrotus fought bather. Yet impaired it not that city's fourfold
contrary to orders: even vićtory could not ſave
glory; Herodotus and Dionyſius, Heraclitus and
him. Often did the father conſole himſelf by ſay Callimachus: nor probably carried off Mauſolus,
ing: Think not, I ſhall dy childleſ ; who leave the (490) more than Mauſoleum.
battle of Leuctra. There he had completely cruſhed XXXIII. v. 69. Spunge Punic, tho' peculiarly ex
the Lacedemonian power, in the ſecond year of the cellent, might hint at an anecdote Macrobius (Sat.
1oz Olympiad; or 383 year of Rome. At Manti II. 4.) has preſerved. Auguſtus had written the
nea, in Arcadia; finding the enemy routed, and tragedy of Ajax, and on reviſal deſtroyed it. Some
his ſhield ſafe; Pluck out the javelin : I dy joyfully. time after, Lucius, a profeſſed tragedy-writer, uſed
From the Batavian predeceſſors of the Belgic Cir the freedom to aſk the emperor, what was become of
cle (the Dutch and Flemiſh); Auguſtus is ſaid to his Ajax: He has faln on the point, alas ! ſays the au
have choſen his life-guards: too redouted ſons of thor, of the ſpunge.
Mars (as fince of Commerce), to worſhip, with e XXXIV. iii. — Pandion's towers: 471.
qual zeal, Minerva. XXXV. ii. — His Phrixean partner. (XI. ccxv.)
XXXI. 66. The Formian ſhore: where Formia, or The great circle, which obliquely cuts the Equator,
Formiae, once Hormiae, the ſeat of Antiphates, king on the two equinoëtial days; and, at the two oppo
of the Leftrigons, a Campanian port (now Mola) fite ſolſtices, touches the Tropics; is named the Zodi
near Caieta, was founded by Lamus, a Laconian. ac, from the animals, whoſe names aſtronomers ow to
— xii. — Preneſe and Tuſculum (now Paleſ. the poets, in the duodecimal partition of that line.
trina and Fraſcati), Latian towns; the latter twelve,
At the vernal equinox, on the 22 (if neither the 21
the former twenty-four miles, Eaſt from Rome; both nor 23) of March, the earth enters, tho' the ſun
claim their founder in Telegonus ; the ſon of U ſeems to enter, the firſt degree of 1. the Ram (493)
lyſes and Circe. Hard by Tuſculum, hung Algi that bore the Golden Flece ; on the like day of April,
dam (now Rocca del Papa). Tibur (VI. ii.) is now 2. the Bull (; 14) that carried Europa from Tyre to
no more new, than Circe or the Dardan Nurſe (471). Crete: of May, 3. the Twins (476), whom we never
To Marica, by ſome held another name for Circe ; meet without pleaſure: of June, 4. the Crab, or
as conſort to king Faunus, and mother to Latinus; latinly, Cancer; ſent by Juno, ſays Mythology, to
a grove was ſacred near the Liris (now Garigliano or annoy Hercules, ſlaying the Hydra (505, 507). One
Gariglia), which laved Minturnae; and, near For wounded the heel, the other bruiſed the head. The ſun,
miae, emptied itſelf into the Tyrrhene or Tuſcan from the ſolſticial day; or the day, having reached
ſea. Its mouth was ſaid to teen with ſhrimps or its length, ſeems, crab-like, to turn (whence tropic)
ſquills; one Latin name implying both. Etruria, or and recede into declining, as it roſe; into ſhortening,
Tuſcany, had alſo the name of Tyrrhenia; from a de as it lengthened. On the 22 then of July, the ſun
ſcendant, as is ſaid, of Hercules and Omphale : one enters 5. the Lion (487) ſlain at Cleone of Auguſt,
Tyrrhenus, whoſe father Atys ſent him, in a time of 6. the Wirgin, Erigone, a new acquaintance. Her
ſcarcity, with a colony of Lydians. Theſe, after father, Icarius, had from Bacchus received a ſkin
hovering long on the Italian coaſt; poſſeſſed them bottle of wine; to give the taſte in Attica. Mee
ſelves of all the country between the Macra (now Ma ting peaſants hot with toil or the weather; he opened
gra) and the Tiber. Thuſcia or Tuſcany is ſuppo his bottle, and drank to them. They greedily did
fed to have her name, from the ſacrifices and religious him more than reaſon; and preſently fell aſleep.
rites, which ſhe diſpenſed to Italy. South-Eaſt, near Waking, they drempt their entertainer a poiſoner;
Naples, Puteoli, Cumae, and (503) Baiae; cloſe put him, as ſuch, to death ; and caſt the body into
by the lake Avernus, ſlept the celebrated Lucrine; a pit. His faithfull dog, Mera, flew to Erigone ;
now almoſt filled by a mountain three miles round, and pulled her to the place. The daughter, deli
that the earthquake of September 19, 1738, threw rious, hung; Mera pined away. Bacchus, the inno
into it. Near this, mourn we Herculaneum (482) cent cauſe of all, ſqueezed the lady into a grape :
ſimilarly loſt. Salmacis (xvii.) was a fountain of Joves juſtice tranſlated the family. Icarius became
Halicarnaſſus in Caria, ſuppoſed to effeminate the Booles, or the driver of the plough; Erigone, the
- Wirgin,
oN M A R T I A L. $29
rºti, or ſixth ſign of the Zodiac; and Mera, the Ballance, whoſe place he guarded till ſhe came ;
deſervedly, the dog-ſtar." The poets make ſome no leſs important to man, nor leſs bounteous of light
times the imprudent ſon of Ebalus, coincide in to the happy gazer. November brings no new, tho’
name too with (Icarus) the ſon of Dedalus; as ano no common, friend, in 9. the Sagittary, Archer, or Cen
ther Icarius was father of Penelope. The murderers taur (493) who, teaching Earth to rear the offspring
fled into Cea, Ceos, or Cos; near the Egean's grea of Heaven, could not but form a conſtelſation of the
teſt iland Eubea. In the former reigned Ariſteus, firſt magnitude. December returns, Io. Capricorn ;
ſon-in-law to Cadmus. The Ceans received kindly whoſe merit we may not have (479, 514) ſufficiently
the ſtrangers. Heaven beamed indignation, in the admired. By Ciceronian light did we dete&t (524)
rage of the Dogſtar. Fields and fruits parched, and the beauty of the Wine-pourer, who is judged alike
the living died. The king prayed to his father (A- qualified for, 11. the Water-pourer; commencing with
pollo), who enjoined atonement by the due vićtims; the fourth week of January. When with, 12. the
and ſupplication to Jupiter for a gale in the dog Fiſhes, (in February and March,) we ſhall roam the
days. Duty touched heaven; and, with the dog Equator and Parallels, the Colures and Meridians,
ſtar, came the breeze. every Zone and either Pole: each night will enrap
ture, with the worlds around us; each day will, in
September brings the autumnal Equinox, with the
firſt degree of,7. the Ballance: which, diſpenſing light our own, give us to behold, not onely on the land, the
and darkneſs, equally to mankind; as did the riſing works of the Lord ; but his wonders in the deep.
Ram; better exhibits the propriety of its name, than C. Manilius addreſſes to Auguſtus, an aſtronomic
perhaps any other of the conſtellations. This re poem; in which he mythologically hints the tutelars
minds us, that the Ballance is no daughter of My of the figns.
thology; nor was a fign at all, in the days of Au The wond’rous Bearer of the Golden Flece,
guſtus: when that ingenious diſpenſer of terreſtrial
Points Pallas ſmiling on the arts of Grece.
equity received, from the poet he patroniſed, an in
The Bull owns Paphian, Twins Phebean power:
vitation afar to fill the vacant ſpace. The Ballance The Crab, Cyllenian, in ſolſticial hour.
could indeed, onely in a Ballancer, or Ballance-hol
To Jove and Cybele, the Lion yields;
der, become a member of the Circle, which profeſ. And Ceres calls the Virgin, from the fields.
ſedly admitted no other than living creatures.
From Vulcan's art the poliſht Ballance ſprings:
Orion, no matter whoſe ſon, was, as every one To War's own God the fighting Scorpion clings.
muſt be, his own parent. Tall, as the torrid Zone The Hunter and the Horſe Diana own,
is braud, (forty-ſeven degrees'); and deep in the While Capricorn a Veſta's care is known.
ſtars, as Atlas his maſter; ſtrong as a tempered com Joves antipode, a Juno's Wat’rer ſay:
panion of Diana, and weak as an accompliſhed young Bland Neptune laughs, as round the fiſhes play.
man; he could not but violate the delicacy of the
goddeſs, and provoke every power ſupernal or ſubor That Sun, who centers our planetary # ſyſtem; and
dinate, when he challenged Earth to produce, what demonſtrates many ſimilar ſyſtems in every conſtel
he could not ſubdue. In Chios (525) where we lation; is himſelf the great objećt of reference in
lately ranged, did Earth, at Diana’s inſtance, ſtart them all, according to the aſtronomic diviſion and
a little Scorpion, that with his ſting brought the gi mythologic denomination. Each ſign indeed, as
ant to the ground. From Orion thus ſet, riſes, about Macrobius ſhows (Sat. I. xxi.), does but ſymbol, in
the 22 of O&tober, 8. the Scorpion, a fign, like its own way, the reſpe&tive powers of the Sun: the
butting Ram, his darting rays; the Bull, his ge
* Canicula is thus diffinguiſhed from Procyon or An
tecanis, the forerunner of the Dog, and the poetic Le + Mercury, Panu, the Earth, with the Moon, re
dapt ; as well as from a ſtar, in the mouth, or on the volving alſo round her; Mars ; Jupiter, with his fºur
Head of the dog. That ſtar is named Sirius, who, ren Satellites; and Saturn, with his five no leſ, needfull At
aering the heat peculiarly intenſe, is not onely ſubſtituted tendants, beſide his peculiar ring: each moving round
for the Dogſfar, but for the Sun himſelf. its axis, as well as round the Sun.
Y y y laim
53o C O M M E N T
nial energy; the Twins, his alternations of day and times how much ſhe deſerved, far oftener how much
night, ſummer and winter; the Crab, his ſeemingly ſhe needed, Revelation. This alone diſplayed, to
retrograde declination ; the Lion, his fervor ; the darkling man, the Creator and Governor of the U
Pirgin, with her gleanings, the plenty he produces: niverſe; the inſcrutable and ineffable Source of
the Ballance, his equal diſpenſations to the globe ; Light, Love, and Immortality.
the Scorpion, his abating and returning vigor; with
his unimagined ſpirit of puniſhing pride: the Sagit XXXV. viii. — Ity; ; ſon to Tereus, king of
Thrace, and Progne, daughter to Pandion king of
tary, ſhooting upward; his continuing operation,
Athens. Ovid gives the horror (Met. VI.) ſtill
tho' ſunk, as if beneath himſelf: Capricorn, the
mourned by Progne's fiſter, the Attic maid, Philo
mongrel of a goat and fiſh; his tendency, if ever mela.
fo low, to reaſcend; as well as his influence on land
- x. — What a Ravenna / Not the Adri
and water: the Water-pourer, his power of exha
atic city, but Fauſtinus’ villa, twenty miles from
lation, in order to reimpregnate the earth; the
Rome; and near the Argive (524) Tibur.
Fiſhes, his equable velocity and ſilent pervaſion of
As the Polar Circles, at XXXVI. i. 7o. 7rebula, thought the ſame with
earth, air, and water.
Mutuſcae: a Sabine town noted for fine air, and fine
twenty-three degrees and a half from the Poles, bound
cheeſe. Some bring alſo a cone of cheeſe, rather
the Frigid Zones; ſo do the Tropics, at double the
than a mug of milk (XXXVIII. xl.) from Sarfina,
diſtance from each other, twenty-three and a half on
either ſide the Line, the Torrid Zone. That of the ſtill more famed for her Plautus, than for her paſ
tures.
Crab, whence the Sun appears to deſcend, has been
XXXVIII. xv — Whoſe ruddy wings her name
poetically named the Gate of Men ; that of Capri have propt: the Phenicopter. The Numidian (xvi.)
corn, for like reaſon, the Gate of the Gods. was the Turkey: the Phºſant, from Phaſis, the ri
The Sun thus, in his ſucceſſive ſeaſons, the ſtri
ver of the Colchians; here called impious, perhaps
kingly energetic agent; Mythology ſcarce knew any to ridicule the vulgar motion of Medea (495).
other power in the gods of every nation: in Saturn, XXXIX. i. 72. The Capenian gate, opening pro
Jupiter, Janus, as well as Apollo, Mercury, Bac bably towards Capena, a town near Cluſium, in E
chus; in the Egyptian, Orus or Horus ; with Oſi truria; alſo named Triumphal, as the receiver of
ris, Apis, Serapis, the ſignificant ox; and Anubis, triumphs; and Fontinal, from its fountains, or aque
the ſagacious dog ; in the Perſian Mithra; the Li dućt, ſhaded with planes, and adorned with ſtatues;
byan Ammon; in Venus' Adonis, or even Cybele's is now the gate of S. Sebaſtian. Alno, now Dachia,
Attis, and ſo forth. Nor had the goddeſſes any o or the river of Appius; flowing, from the Appian
ther archetype than the Moon: Cybele, Ops, Juno, Way, into the Tiber, was ſacred to Cybele, and fre
Minerva, Diana, Proſerpina, Ceres; the Egyptian
quented by Cybelians. Near the Capenian gate,
Iſis, the Syrian and Sidonian Aſtarte or Aſhtaroth;
ſtood the Vipſanian portico, (or Hundred Columns)
or, in general, the Queen of Heaven. built by M. Vipſanius Agrippa, ſon-in-law to Au
In ſuch variety did the ſenſes addreſs Sun and guſtus.
Moon; being the deities that ſpoke moſt forcibly to XLII. xi. 75. Seven giants : the Palatine, Capi
the ſenſes. The other three elements were the next toline, Quirinal, Celian, Eſquiline, Viminal, A
obječts of adoration. Neptune and Amphitrite, ventine; hills, on which aſcends majeſtic Rome.
Ocean and Tethys, Nereus and Doris, and their From the Aventine and Vatican (two miles) to the
families, ruled the waters. Eolus commanded the Milvian (or Mulvian) Bridge, deſcended Mount
winds; and Pluto the ſhades unſeen. Abſtraction Janiculus, ſometimes named among the ſeven. F#-
deified the Virtues and Vices: Veneration the He denae was a city prior to Rome; and rival to the up
roes and Heroines. Whatever was loved, or feared, ſtart ; who roſe to bear her, and all other rivals,
became worſhipped; and every thing was adored, down. Diana's (469, 503) orgies had obječts male
(ſays Baſilet) but the true God. and female.
Philoſophy inveſ. She ſpared Ariadne (499), no more
tigating one Author and Ruler of all, ſhowed ſome than Orion (529); a Veſtal, far leſs than a Helen
(488,
O N M A R T I A. L. 53 I
(488, 5oo). But, knowing by whether ſex the offence Gaul (now France). The differing vowel of Comum
cometh; ſhe is here, and elſewhere, hinted by your (now Como) denies her the parent of Gallia Comata ;
author, ſay his commentators, to have enjoined ſuch tho' that city cannot be denied her younger Pliny,
chaſiening of youth at her altar, as did Lycurgus her lake Larius, or her Gauliſh origin. Much of
(527) at Lacedemon : that others might ſee and fear, the Gowned Gaul (including Ravenna, Mutina, *
and do no more ſo wickedly. Another obječt of com now Modena, and other cities) became Flaminian ;
memorative juſtice, was Anna Peranna or Perenna, as far probably as Bononia, now Bologna, two hun
dred miles north-weſt of Rome.
who, after the death of her ſiſter Dido, having fled
to Eneas; fled alſo from Lavinia's jealouſy, into the The Emilian was condućted, by L. Emilius Le
Numician fountain; where the pious Eneas could do pidus, thro’ the Ciſpadan: from Ariminum to A
no leſs, than commit his perſon to the new Nymph, quileia or Aquilegia, twelve miles up the Timave,
in whoſe cuſtody it was found. Others, unſatisfied (XXVI. viii.) near the maritime Altinum; to which
with ſo edifying an anecdote, make Anna an old wo a traveller of taſte (LXXVII. LXXVIII.) pays pe
culiar compliment; as well as a kind viſit to Cor-.
man of Bovillae, a hamlet nigh Rome; at which
nelii Forum, on the Vatrenus, whence the Emilian
hamlet, having bountifully fed the free people in a extended to Bononia. It proceded alſo from Piſae,
ſeceſſion; perhaps that, whence Menenius Agrippa
(a colony of the Peloponneſian Piſa), thro’ Etruria,
brought them back by the apologue of The ſtomac and
(now Tuſcany); to Dertona, (now Tortona, ) and
the members ; Anna was adored at Diana's altar, by
Placentia (now Piacenza); on Padus or Eridanus,
the votaries of perennial life; while Menenius, un
now the Po. When this flood received poor Phae
forgiven, was forgot.
ton; his ſiſters, particularly Phaethuſa and Lampe
-— xvii. — Flaminius’ and Salters’ fam'd way.
tie ; even after becoming alders, or poplars; ceaſed
In highways the Romans are yet unrivalled : their
not their tears of amber.
Conſuls gloried in the care. Hence not onely the Sal
ters', by which the Sabines brought ſalt to (or from) Of all the Roman Ways, the nobleſt was the Ap
Rome; but the Flaminian, Emilian, Appian (I. iii. pian ; drawn, by Appius Claudius, thro' Capua, in
27). The firſt went from Rome, thro' Narnia, Campania, and Cannae, in Apulia, to Brundu/ſum
(LXVIII. now Narni), on the Nar (now Nera); or Brundiſium (now Brindiſ), in Calabria: three
over which was thrown, by Pontifex Maximus hundred and fifty miles. Procopius, ſecretary to
(497), an Auguſt bridge-builder, an arch one hun Beliſarius, hiſtoriographer to Juſtinian, and digeſter
dred and fifty foot high, and two hundred wide, of the Roman Law, cannot but (Goth. I.) be re
joining two tops of Apennine. This was a neigh garded. ' The Appian is a five days quick jour
bor, worthy of Nomentum ; which Sabine village, º
ney : braud enough for two carriages to paſs each
other. Of all Ways, it is the moſt worth ſeing.
twelve miles from town, boaſted other two tops
(470), when our poet and his retreat enjoyed each o Every flag, fit for a milſtone, and hard as a flint,
ther. Thro’ many towns ſtretched the Flaminian, has Appius brought from a diſtance: for the adja
cencies afford no ſuch material. Yet ſo finely has he
beſide Spoletum (now Spoleto), and Peruſia (now Pe
rugia); near the lake Thraſymenus, fatal to the great hewn, and ſo admirably compačted, without metal
man, who had continued the road to Ariminum or cement, the parts; that they ſeem one continued
(now Rimini), on the Rubicon, the ancient boun native, of their preſent bed. Neither the trample
dary of Gaul; ſtiled Ciſpadan or Ciſalpine, on this of animals, nor the cruſh of carriages, has in ſuch
ſide (towards Rome), as oppoſed to the Tranſpadan a ſeries of ages, been able to impair, in the ſmal
or Tranſalpine, on the other fide the Padu, or Alpf. leſt degree, the union, the ſurface, or the ſplen
dor.”
If the Roman Gown (LXXVI. ii.) gave name to
both Ciſpadan and Tranſpadan (now Lombardy and Forum, being the general term for market, court,
Romagna); Braccae or Bracchae; Looſe Breeches, place of public buſineſs, and thence extended to the
trouſers, galligaſkins, or other ſhaggy lower gar idea of town or borough ; various were the Forums
ment; might diſcriminate the Narbonenfian pro on each of the three Ways: one always proud to
vince, (now Provence) ; as did long hair, the reſt of bear the name of the Pavior. Flaminii (Flaminiuſ
Yy y 2 ſes)
532 -
C O M M E N T
ſes) Forum, on the Nar in Umbria; Lepiduſſes (Re LIII. i. — Silius: Italicus, born in or ſprung
gium) in the Gowned Gaul; the Forum of Appius, from Italica, a Spaniſh town (now Old Seville); not
not far from Naples; in the territory fo famed for therefore of the Pelignian Italica, named alſo Cor
Falermian, and the other richeſt wines of Italy. finium; was proconſul in Aſia, and conſul at Rome
— xxix. — Alcinous, king of the Pheacians (LIV. ant.) the year of Nero's ſuicide. On his re
in Corcyra (now Corfu) near Epirus, is more de tirement, his ſecond ſon became conſul: an honor
fervedly celebrated for his hoſpitality to the ſhip his friend wiſhes (LV. xvi.) to the third, as Auguſ
wrecked Ulyſſes, who was indeed, every way his tus (xviii.) raiſed his daughter Julia's conſort, M.
neighbor”; than for the beauty or profuſion of his Vipſanius Agrippa, thrice to the conſulſhip. But
gardens. The old ſwain (487) was not onely re in Silius, the conſul was eclipſed by the genius and
warded by his gueſt; but honored by Domitian with the ſcholar. Emulous of Cicero, no leſs than of
a ſacrary near the temple, which that emperor had Virgil, he purchaſed the villa of the one, and the
ſo devoutly reared to Hercules. ſepulture of the other. The former was Pompeia
XLVI. v. 78. Pieces: gems, pebbles, or what num, near Nola in Campania, twelve miles from
ever, black and white; marked, after the Scythian Naples; the latter is thought to have lain within
or Thracian manner, the lucky and unlucky days. two of that city. Whatever was the ſpot, Pliny aſ
XLIX. ix. 8o. Young Tityrus : Virgil, of An ſures us (VII. iii.) that Silius repaired to it, as to
des, near Mantua, adjoining Cremona, which had a temple; and that he ſolemniſed Virgil’s birthday,
favored Brutus and Caſſius; finding his little farm more religiouſly than his own. No place, of birth
the prey of the vićtors, repaired to court, was in or burial, could have been of any value to Silius;
troduced to Mecenas, by him to Auguſtus, repoſſeſ had he not, like his paragons, reared his own mo
ſed of his property, and crowned with every honor, nument, beyond the power of age or oblivion. Had
that genius could deſerve or beſtow. not our poet, and the ſame Pliny, done ſo each for
L. ii. 81. Antenor, a Trojan chief, having re himſelf; the following Epiſtle (III. laſt.) and the
ceived hoſpitably the ambaſſadors that came to de Epigram there cited, would have eterniſed each o
mand Helen, and in vain labored her reſtitution, ther.
XCIII. i. — 7 wice my neighbor: both in town XCIX. vi. Ioz., 7% Avengers porch : that of the
and country; near Flora’s temple at Rome; and the temple, which Auguſtus had, in payment of a vow,
Sabine village Ficeliae, not far from Nomentum, erected to Mars, after the Parthian, if not the Phi
(LXVIII. v.). The infant caſt (ant.) filled on the lippic, vićtory.
birthday, and kept for the anniverſary. - vii. —- Deep in law. Some humoriſis
XCVI. pen. 101. Capitolian ſºrains: celebrating would rather ſoke poor Pompey in foop; the Latin
Domitian's defence of the Capitol (471). tongue happily admitting law, to be the eſſence of
XCVII. i. —- The firſ'; ſeven in the morning. juſtice. -
Oil’d Olympus (v.) 504, 507. CI. Io9. To Avitus. Some manuſcripts prefix,
XCVIII. ii. -— Memphis. Criſpinus was an more ſubjoin, and many omit,
Egyptian, in favor with the emperor; ſo probably Hail, my deareſ? brother, 7 uranius. This epigram,
of merit: nor leſs probably abuſed as a forainer, by which is out of the order of pages, I wrote to Stertinius;
certain jealous wits, particularly Juvenal. The lat a perſon of eminence, who deſired to place my buff in his
ter ſwolen with praiſe, which he was conſcious of library. This ſeemed a proper notice, that thou migh
often deſerving, ſank ſometimes his dignity with his tºft not be at a loſs, to know who Avitus were. Far
candor, in all the indelicacy of ſpleen. Having, per wel.
CVIII.
oN M A R T I : A L. - 535
CVIII. x. 106. The goddeſ; crown'd with light : xlix. 1zo. Mooned ſhoe; ſuppoſed to take
the name from an ornamental Creſcent or C, diſ
Diana Lucina (471, 485) diſtinguiſhed by her Creſ
cent, lent her temple to Juſtice, for the ſigning and tinguiſhing (ſay ſome) the Patrician ſhoe, in the
ſealing of deeds. number of Senators appointed by Romulus. It was
— ant. — Hundred Farthings: 481. bound, as were the ſhoes of all Patricians and
CIX. ii. 107. Splendid gods: 470. Knights; with four ſtraps, elegantly croſſed, to
— v. — The awfull hill: the Palatine. mid-leg.
— viii. — The Rhodian pile; the Coloſſus of li. -— The dire Liburnian. The Criers
Rhodes, reared by Chares (or Laches) the Lindian, of the Courts were often from Liburnia, a province
feventy (if not eighty) cubits high : a proper coin on the north-eaſt of the Adriatic.
panion, juſt oppoſite the Mauſoleum, (490). CXXVIII. i. 121. Werona, the ſecond Venetian
—ix. -— Father: Bacchus’ temple: Mother, city, boaſts Catullus; Patavium Stella and Flaccus (X.
(x.) Cybele's. XLVIII.), as well as Livy. Apollodorus, of Alexandria,
CX. v.--— Maurian orbs: Mauritanian tables, was rival to Menander, the Athenian: the latter remai
vi. Teeth of Libya: their ivory-feet or claws. ning in fragments; both in the high encomiums of
CXII. i. 109. The ſacrilegious rage : of L. An thoſe, who knew them entire. Emerita (now Merida)
tonius Saturninus, who, governor of Germany, had
gave birth to Decian (I.). Beſide him, Licinian, Lu
rebelled againſt Germanicus (472). cius, and Canius (VIII.ii. 13. a droll, that could
— v. —— Windelician: near the Rhetians, now not laſt); Spain counted in thoſe days, her Senecaes,
Griſons; between the Brigantine Lake (that of Con and Lucan; Quintilian, Silius, and Martial.
ſtance), and the AEnus or OEnus, now the In. CXXIX. ii. —- Parent of the precious ore: Spain,
CXIII. ant. 1 Io. Pofferity: As M. Antony the particularly in Gallecia, now Gallicia, once Cal
Prime (LXXXI.) enjoyed the preſent and the paſt; laica ; and in Aſturia. But her European mines
Licinius Sura is fairly complimented with the viſion ſhe has negle&ted, for thoſe of Peru. Getulian (ix.)
of the future. Of this very orator, ſaid the ſurviving Libyan. Laurentian (CXXX. viii.) of Laurentum, ſe
Pliny (II. i.): “ Thirty years did he ſurvive his pub venteen miles from Rome. Pelorian (xii.) from
lic charaćter. He had the pleaſure of reading po Pelorus: one of the three promontories of Sicily.
ems in his honor, and hiſtories to his fame; ſo of CXXXI. ii. 123. Atina, the name of ſeveral ci
*
becoming preſent to his own poſterity.” ties, is here thought that of Campania; once dili
CXVIII. xxiv. 113. Petilian reign : whether, on gent as Tibur, in fabricating arms, for Turnus a
Janicle, the once abode of a Petilius, and burial gainſt Eneas. -
place of Numa; or the city Petilia, built by Phi CXXXIII. xvi. 125. Primal ſtore: primitial, or
loétetes, on the Lucanian border of Great Grece. firſtfruit-cakes, of milk, honey, and ſeſame.
CXXII. i. 115. Salona: a port of Dalmatia, CXXXIV. iv. 126. Tarraconian tow’rs. After
(part of Illyricum, ſouth-eaſt from Liburnia, the landing at Tarraco (now Tarragona), the meſſenger
preſent Croatia) about to be bleſt, as Spain had been, was, in a diligence, on the fifth day, to crown the **
º
with the prefecture of a Macer. feſtal journey, with ſeing Bilbilis, and hearing Salo.
CXXIII. ant. 116. The Pelignian : Ovid, of Sul CXXXV. viii. 127. Remus’ bouſe - Rome, foun
mo, near the Samnian. ded by Remus and Romulus.
CXXVI. iv. 117. Arpi : an Apulian town, near — ix. -- The ſame: built by Auguſtus, in
Venuſium, the birthplace of Horace. his Palace, to Apollo and the Muſes; and repaired.
xv. —- Chalybs : on the Thermodon, by Nerva. There were duly ranged the works and
in Pontus; Noricians, now Bavarians, Platea (xvii.), image, or pićture, of every genius. Ptolemy Phila
a Spaniſh town, alike famous for the forge. delphus had, at Alexandria, ſet the example.
CXXVII.x. 119. Botrodus, or Bothrodus, or Bo cxxxvii.º. — Dian's hill; the Aventine.
terdus : a Celtiberian town, near Segobriga. Po — vii. 128. Celius, formerly, for whatever
berta (xx.) or Woberca, another; now Bobierca or Bu oakiſh reaſon, Querquetulanus ; took the Celian name
Bierca. from Celes Vibenna, an Etrurian chief. On the
greater
536 C O M. M E N T
greater roſe the leſs, named naturally Celiolus or Ce licity conſequent to the one, as miſery to the other.
Jicolus. Saturn, however, coeval, and even coincident with
— ant. 129. Commands : XXXVIII. xxxv. Time; was ſaid to devour his children; as Time
CXLI. viii. 131. Embarraſ, fate: VI. VII. abſorbs (or with his ſithe mows down) not onely
CXLII. iv. —- Pale record: the ink grown pale days and years; but all earthly things. For this,
with age. or whatever weightier cauſe ; apparently his temper,
CXLIII. iv. 132. What lion 2 Various are the ſo diffuſive of bliſs; Mythology traditions him, de
effects of wealth: one is power. From power, (ſays throned by his ſon Jupiter; whom the poets have
Balzac) to tyranny, is but a ſtep: from the ſtrength vied to fing ſupreme in power; but ſupreme rather
of a lion, to his fury. Both fides of the figure in the promotion, than puniſhment of crimes.
ſhows a higher genius: The wicked fly, when no man xxiii. 133. The father and the frugal;
purſueth; but the righteous is bold as a lion. Be not Priſcus : who, after fix years abſence, reviſits his
frantic in thy houſe, nor a lion among thy ſervants. country in December; and celebrates at home the
CXLIV. i. —- Great ruler of the ancient Ay: Saturnalians, with a ſplendor worthy that prime of
that ſtate of innocence and happineſs, known by the feſtivals: but more eaſily afforded at Bilbilis, than
figurative name, of the golden age ; the favorite at Rome (CXXXII. xiii.); conſequently, perhaps,
theme of every poet. The light of nature ſufficed leſs grudged, by a father and an economiſt.
to ſhow integrity, previous to depravation; and fe
C O M M E N T ON M A R T I A L.
B O O K III.
Ep 1s. l. iii. HAT reverence: which often cele poet; tho’ the excellences of no author will ſe
p. 134. brates, never ſatyriſes, individu cure to the world their uſefullneſs; if overboren with
als. Martials objećts therefore of ſatyr, are general ſpleen or indelicacy; and one part proves well loſt,
characters, whether adopted or adapted: as Zoilus, if inſeparable from the other.
Caecilianus ; Pannicus, Poſtumus, Antiochus, Hermo — ant. 135. The Floralians were ſcandalous games,
genes : or, as Lalage, Leſbia, Ligeia, Levina, Thele permitted to celebrate a ſcandalous charaćter, who
ſina, Matrinia: ſo Fabullur and Fabulla, Baſus and had aſſumed the name of Flora. Cato, the Stoic,
Baſa, with the reſt; which bear the criminal in the drawn, by whatever motive; finding his preſence diſ
name, not the name of the criminal. Perſonal had appoint, both the company and himſelf; in puſillani
been the invečtive of predeceſſor-ſatyriſts: of Luci mous indulgence, withdrew.
lius, as of Archilochus. And ſo (x.) write Catullus, Epic. III. iv. — Brutian, no leſs celebrated
Marſus, Pedo, Getulicus. Had Catullus onely ſo for probity and valor, than for epigrams and elegies,
written, he would no more have made his way to was contemporary to our poet; who, on a Romans
our age, than his three companions. Pedo has con Greek, beſtows an Attic compliment.
veyed us nothing, unleſs a conſolatory addreſs to IV. pen. 136. Laconic ſtile pointed thought, (as
Livia, Odavian's ſecond conſort; or, a threnody every ſtile ſhould ;) by avoiding ſuperfluity of ex
on the death of Druſus. Getulicus vegetated, if not preſſion.
floriſhed, under Tiberius and Claudius. That Mar VI. v. 137. Snorting noſes: (XII.xxiv.) Apology were
ſus deſerved honor, we muſt allow to the taſte of our due, were the indignity known, to the animals that
ſnort;
oN M A R T I A L. 537
ſhort; for debaſing them into emblems of thoſe that XXIII. xvi. 144. Ocean. Oceanus and Leóius
fneer. Wit’s loweſt ſpecies is humor; and humor's, were inſpectors of the Amphitheater; appointed to
mimicry or grin. This, without diſparagement to take care, that the three orders ſhould not ſhift their
inſtinét, is the wit of an ape; who has in all ages reſpective places.
appropriated that ſymbol, or ſubſtitute of criticiſm, XXVII. laſt. 145. Cecropian: 471. Sophocles
the ſneer. And who ſhall diſpute with ſo formidable was thus ſtiled the Athenian bee.
a rival, what coſts neither the humiliation of dout, XXVIII. pen. 146. Brutus' boy: a little image
the reproach of favor, the trouble of enquiry, nor ſo exquiſitely wrought by Strongilon or Apollodo
the teſt of diſcrimination But, if this it do not coſt; rus, that the Philippian Brutus is ſaid to have called
it does coſt the poſſibility of reprobating the reſpec it his boy. Lagon was a like maſterpiece by Lyciſ
table, of queſtioning the indubitable, and of reſting cus, tho’ made of the marchpanes or ſweet cakes
on the ſurface, for want of weight or ſkill to go to ſcattered in the Saturnalians.
the bottom. And indeed, as all critics, right and XXXIII. i. 148. Fabians: the nobleſt clan of
wrong-headed, have the ſame tendencies of judge Rome, confiſting of three hundred: every one, ſays
ment, tho' with oppoſite objects; they that laugh, Livy, fit to command an army; yet all ſurpriſed and
where they ſhould admire; will admire, where they cut off in one black day (as it was well called) at
ſhould laugh: they that ſpurn the demonſtrative, Cremera, now Warca, an Etrurian or Tuſcan river,
will ſwallow the impoſſible; and they who will not, by the Veientians; who thus earned the chaſtiſe
perhaps cannot, ſee merit, or, dive into truth; e ment, that Camillus gave them. From a remnant
qually can and will ſcatter filth, while they flounder of this glorious family, deſcended, in proceſs of time,
in abſurdity. X. XVI. and following. that Q. Fabius Maximus, who ſaved his country,
IX. xiv. 138. Argus-death ; a ſpot as noted for even from Annibal, by giving the enemy play, and
ſhops, eſpecially of bookſellers; as for Argus, avoiding battle.
an Argive captain, ſlain by the jealous Arcadians. — iii. -— The heroe-ſire: M. Curius Denta
Evander, who had received him into hoſpitality, tus, ſung by Horace and others; after triumphing
could not but erect his monument. The place was over the Samnites, the Sabines, and Pyrrhus, re
thus either named from the deed, or from the Latin turned to the enjoyment of private life; as L. Q.
names coincidence with that of a claypit. The Rea Cincinnatus was, at the plough, ſaluted Dićtator.
der would ſmile to ſee it added, that one Argus was Curius told the Samnite ambaſſadors, he had no
not another; not the Argus, appointed by Juno to occaſion for their gold; he wiſhed onely to com
guard Io, and ſlain by Mercury: who, being the mand its poſſeſſors. Of lands infinite, decreed
Sun, cut off Argus ; the ſtarry Heaven, inſpecting him by the Senate, he would accept no more than
Io the Earth ; and gave juno the opportunity of the ſhare of his humbleſt fellow-vićtor: four acres,
fixing the vaniſhed eyes in her ſtrutters tail. ſays one ancient; ſeven, another: holding the citi
XV. laſt. 14o. In poor Pallaſes ſpite. As excel zen pernicious, whom ſeven could not ſatisfy ; and
lence of thought or expreſſion owned the aid of Mi him unneceſſary, who needed more than a fingle
nerva, the reverſe ſeemed to bid her defiance. Hence portion.
the Horatian precept: vii. — Adverſe: contraſted thou, fribble
Nor ſay, nor do ; unleſ, Minerva ſaile. ſon of a fribble; and of a proſtitute, clad by law,
XVII. laſt. 141. The ſeed: Andremon, renow with a gown of infamy. -
ned in the Circus. Some take this for the buffoon, — xix. 149. Sura : not Licinius, II. cxiii. but
Sextius Andremon Caballus; the ſurname ſignifying O Palfurius or Palphurius, the orator, II. cxxvii. 62.
riginally a ſtallion. xxxix. -- Inſcriptions: which another Wit,
XXI. xi. 142. Both the Ceſars: Titus and Do in like idea, ſtiles epigrams. Cinnamus, barber-ſur
mitian. geon: a union formerly univerſal.
XXII. ant. 143. Parma, in the Ciſalpine Gaul; XXXVII. ant. 15 1. Sent to freedom: manumit
rich in every produce, particularly flocks. ted. Three were the ways of conferring liberty: by
Z z z - will,
538 C O M M E N T
will, whence the freed became Orcinus, Orcine; to everlaſting hunger and thirſt, the moſt inviting
the maſter being gone to Orcus, or the Shades: by food and liquor ſtill flying before him; or a ſtone
enrollment, of the Cenſor: and by manumiſſion, be impending, when he approached them: like the
fore the Conſul or Pretor. The maſter, laying his ſword, which Dionyſius the Sicilian tyrant, ordered
hand on the ſervant's head, ſaid: I mean this perſºn to be hung by a horſehair over the head of his flat
to be free, to ſend him forth from my hand. The ma terer Damocles, who had pretended to admire the
giſtrate, placing a rod, called P'indicta, (Reclaim) ſweets of grandeur; but became fincere for once, in
on the ſame part : After the manner of the Quiri begging leave to withdraw.
tians, I pronounce him free. Then was the Cap of LIX. v. 16o. 7%e U/pian breed': a German rebel
Liberty put on the ſhaven crown; and the name, with lious people.
the cauſe, entered in the Roll of Freemen. A fourth LXIII. xi. 162. 7 halaſus : or Thalaſius, the god
was the friendly manumiſſion; that required the fign of marriage; named alſo Hymen or Hymeneus, the
and ſeal of five witneſſes. ſon of Bacchus and Penus ; tho’ ſome better name his
XXXVIII. v. 152. Lingonic, the now Langreſ?, mother Urania : 470.
in Champagne ; as Aretian from Aretium, (new Arez LXVI. ix. 164. Archilochus, the Parian, diſap
zo) a Tuſcan city, famous for pottery. The 7 y pointed of his Neobule, by Lycambes, the Theban,
rian here means purple-violet. who beſtowed her on another; pointed at the faithleſs
XL. xvi. 153. Upolº II. xxii. 526. father ſo keen Iambics, that the latter is ſaid to have
XLI. pen. 154. Ladas: a famous runner. hanged himſelf.
XLII. i. —— Corduba, now Cordova, famed for LXVIII. ix. 165. Fives. Whence England gave
oil, as Jºnaſrum in Campania; and Iftria, the north this name to the hand-ball, is now perhaps not eaſy
eaſtern (now Auſtrian) part of Italy. to ſay; nor indeed whether the trigon or Aarpaſſ, or
XLIII. laſt. 155. Anchialus, a Hebrew aſſevera either, be analogous to that manly exerciſe. Both
tion : As the Lord liveth. probably were bounders ; both warm, both duſty.
The trigon were rather threes, employing three tri
XLIV. ix. 156. Sicilian brothers: Amphinomus
angularly placed. Luxury indulged ſoftlings with
and Anapias, who carried off their parents from Ca
the racket; and this introduced, in darkening ages,
tana (now Catania) in flames, by an eruption of
Etna ; were as happy (if poſible) in fraternal, as in tennis, which ſeems as happily antiquating in Eu
filial, piety. rope, as the paganic game of cricket in England.
The Roman paganic reſembled the latter; but, as
-- x. --- Atrean: Agamemnon and Mene
leſs hard, leſs dangerous. The Scottiſh gof-ball,
laus, ſons (ſays Heſiod) of Pliſthenes; who, dying
crammed with like materials, is hard as the Engliſh
young, left their tuition to his brother Atreus,
cricket-ball; and innocent, as the Roman paganic:
thence their reputed father. Pious as he proved in ſmaller than either; and ſpringing, not acciden
the diſcharge of this duty, inhuman became his rage tally ; but deliberately: not from a dead Herculean
againſt the adulterous iſſue of his brother Thyeſtes, bat; but from a leg, delicately tapering, to a
who had ſeduced his Frope. Such were the three foot not clumſy; which, backed with led, and fa
ſons of Pelops, by Hippodamia. Tantaſis (XLVI. ced with horn, ſends the milk-white ball, like an
xix.) (ſay the poets) had ſet the cxample of horror. arrow, thro’ the air, with the parabolic union of
Håving received travelling gods, and (Lycaon-like) ſtrength and elaſticity.
wanting to try them, he ſerved them up his ſon Pe The fourth Roman ball, largeſt and lighteſt, was
lops. All abſtained, but Ceres; who, bereft of the bellows, or wind-bomb; charged with air, as
every power by the loſs of her daughter, unwarily our foot-ball; and like it, toſſed with every other
picked a bit of the ſhoulder. Jove ſupplied this with limb, as well as with the foot.
ivory, and recompleted the lad; who, when mature, LXXI. v. 166. The dred Sithebearer; ſame : the
paſſed into Elis, married the king's daughter Hip
temple of Time or Saturn, near the Forum; and
Polania, and gave his name to the Cherſoneſe; conſequently, near the courts.
which, ſo ſprung, became, in viciſſitude, the Mo LXXIII. ix. 167. Mºſala, Corvinus: a celebra
* The father, Tantalus, babbling, was doomed ted orator in the time of Auguſtus, to whom Licinus
(LXXIV.
oN M A. R. T.' I A L. 539
(LXXIV. vi.) was but a freedman; enriched by his a tractable ſhaggy monkey, ſays Diodorus; a female
government of Gaul. So their monuments perhaps robber, ſwears romance; or Cadmus' Amazonian
were equal. Whether Criſpus (ant.) was Paffenus, wife, who left him on his wedding alſo his fiſter
Nero's father in law; Wibius, the philoſopher; or Harmonia. Creon, learning from the oracle that
Salluff, the hiſtorian; ſeems not aſcertained. Ho the woes could not terminate, but in the ſolution of
race complimented the laſt, as knowing the uſe (tho’ the Sphingian riddle: What animal walks on four, in
he knew the abuſe too) of riches; and our poet ſets the morning ; on two, at noon ; and on three, at night?
him, for Laconic terſeneſs, at the head of Roman announced his ſiſter, the young widow Jocaſta, the
hiſtorians: XI. clxxiii. But the moldering monument reward of the choice ſpirit, who ſhould outwit the
is not grudged to the firſt : II. cxiv. 9. Sphinx. Edipus ſolved the riddle, ſwept the coun
LXXV. i. 168. Edipuſes tale. Laius, king of try, and innocently married his mother ; by whom
Thebes, alarmed by an oracle, doomed his ſon to a he had the hapleſs (soo) Eteocles and Polynices.
deſtruction the infant eſcaped. Edipus, grown up, Coming afterwards to underſtand both his parricide
went in queſt of his father; whom, in a tumult, he he tore out his own eyes; and was
and his inceſt,
unwittingly ſlew. Creon, now adminiſtrator of hindered onely by his daughter Antigone, from
Thebes, found the adjacency infeſted by Sphinx, tearing out his heart. Jocaſta, repudiated, put her
a female monſter, (ſays fable,) with the head of a ſelf to death; and Edipus ſubſtituted Aſtymeduſa.
girl, the wings of a bird, and the body of a dog;
C O M M E N T ON M A R T I A L.
B. O. O. K. IV.
P A R T I.
I. ii. HE hallow'd fame: that of the ſacrifice, II. i. — Percia: daughter of the Utican Cato,
171. * which Porſena, king of Cluſium, in Etru and relićt to that Brutus, who had, by pure princi
ria, was celebrating for Rome, the ſecond year af. ple, joined the great Pompey, the aſſaſſin (by Ge
ter the expulſion of her kings, reduced (he thought) minius) of Brutus' great father; and, by like pure
to admit their reſtoration. Mucius, or Mutius, from principle, had been a principal aſſaſſin of that Ju
burning his right-hand, ſurnamed Scevola (or Lefty), lius, who, after Pharſalia, had ſaved, cheriſhed,.
alarming the invader; not onely by the aëtion, but and crowned him with honors. Brutus and Caſſius,.
by the aſſeveration, that Rome poſſeſſed many ſuch alike worthy ſons in-law to Cato, overthrown toge
reſolutes; made him leave with good grace, to the ther at Philippi, by Antony and Oétavian; having
Romans, that liberty, which they knew ſo well how conſpired Ceſar's aſſaſſination, conſpired the juſ.
to defend. tice of ſuicide. Porcia could do no leſs than follow.
Horatius Cocles (Horace Single-eye) had alone her family.
ſtopt the ſame Porſena's paſſing the Sublician Bridge; IV. ii. 172. Otho : betrayed to Vitellius, at Be
till it was broke down behind him. Wounded, he briacum, or Bedriacum, a village between Cremo
ſwom the river to his friends ; but, halting ever na and Verona ; when little loſs had been ſuſtained,
after, he uſed to ſay, that every ſtep gave him joy and all might have been retrieved ; gave what grace
of his triumph. - he could to the impotent, by ſome pronounced, the
Z zz 2 ra/ .
54o C O M M E N T
raſh adion. For many, better one, (ſays Dio in Otho's XI. ii. -— Lucan (511) ordered by Nero to ſup
name); than, for one, many to periſh. Rather had I preſs his poems, engaged in the Piſonian faction. To
therefore be a Mucius, or a Curtius ; than a Marius, or bleed, was the next command of his invidious maſ
a Sylla. ter; who, after many murders, uſed to ſay that ex
This M. Curtius, a young nobleman (ſays Plu periment alone ſhowed, how far power could go.
tarch) ſaw the earth open in the middle of the Fo XIII.iv. 175. And may he feel thy fire. That
rum; and heard the Oracle aſſure, it would not cloſe; virtuous union, commenced on earth, ceaſes not by
till a youth of the firſt hopes, ſhould fill the gap. temporary ſeparation; is a ſolace natural (therefore
Curtius confidered that the life he had received from rational) to man; as his unbroken love, and aſſurance
his country, was ever due to her ſervice; nor douted of immortality.
his being the very obječt of the oracle. He mounted XV. i. --- Baulian. In the ſmall diſtance be
therefore his horſe, and flew in. tween Bauli and Baiae, a mother had been caſt a
Parallel is indeed the ſame author's ſtory of Midas' way. The waters are here reproached for ſwallow
ſon Anchurus. At Celene, in Phrygia, Earth had ing Cerelia (or Cerellia) and for having refuſed to
opened in like manner; and demanded, by the ſame ſwallow Agrippina, whom Nero had there expoſed
voice, the moſt precious property. Midas in vain for that purpoſe. Suet. Ner. 34. Tac. Ann. XIV.
threw gold and filver. His modeſt ſon refle&ted, that XVII. i. 176. Sinue/a: a Campanian town, cal
nothing was more precious than life; nor any life led, by Greek coloniſts, Sinope; and, now by Ita
more ſo, than his own. Embracing his father, and lians, Rocca di Mondragone; boaſted the virtue of her
his ſpouſe Timothea, he alſo ſpurred his horſe into waters, to remove ſterility in one ſex, and inſanity
the hole; which could not but immediately cloſe. in the other.
Nor could the pious Midas, who knew the value of — v. —- Elpenor: one of Ulyſſes’ compa
the metal (487), deny Jupiter his golden altar. nions, who, tho’ by Circe (471) reſtored from the
Orators and Poets vy to celebrate Codrus, the laſt hog to the human, retained enough of the ſwiller;
king of the Athenians. The Lacedemonians bea to afford Philoſºratus a model, for the breaking of
his neck.
ring hard on his people, what recourſe had he but to
heaven and by what channel, beſide that of the Py XX. i. 177. Hundred Columns : II. xxxix. 1. 530.
thian (485): The people, whoſe king ſhall be ſlain, ſhall XXI. i. —— The ſuns daughters: II. xlii. 17. 531.
ariſe ſuperior. Codrus, throwing off the king, puts — pen. —- Proud queen : Cleopatra. 483.
on the peaſant, gets into the enemy’s camp, picks XXV. i. 178. The Athenian birds: II. xxxv. 8. 53o.
eaſily a quarrel ; and, ſince he cannot live, dies for XXVII. pen. 180. A wondrous hind: 503.
his country. XXVIII. ix. —- Deep-letter'd drudges: inſcri
Diabolically ſimilar were all the oracles, and fa bed, for crimes, with letters on the forhead.
tally ſimilar were their conſulters. To the Thebans, XXIX. ii. 181. Hygeia: (for Hygieia) Health.
XXX. iv. —- Theta. The Romans uſed in deci
cloſely purſued by the Argives, the reſponſe was,
that nothing could ſave Thebes, unleſs the laſt of ſion, not onely the Latin initials: as A, for Abſolvo";
the Cadmean race would ſpontaneouſly devote his C, for Condemnof; N. L. Non liquet f : but, fond of
life in her ited. Young Memeceus knew no other parent Greek; as we, of French or Latin; they adop
could be ment than himſelf; and that he could de ted (or retained) Q, for €4,aro; ||. Here ſound be
vote his life in no manner ſo patriotic, or conſe came the ſymbol.
quently ſo heroic, as ſuicide. This he therefore, as XXXIII. i. 183. Weſvius: Veſuvius. 482.
in duty bound, without heſitation, accompliſhed. XXXVI, iv. 184. The chear: the nautic chime
V. 172. Apicius: 512. VI. 173. Pompey : 483. or ſong. II. xlii. 22.
IX. i. 174. Gaudy name: 483. II. cxii. XL. v. 186. Cere: once Agylla, an Etrurian city;
X. i. —— Petus: doomed by Claudius, as a Scri when the Gauls had taken Rome, peculiarly hoſpi
table to the Romans. Theſe have been branded
bonian, to dy; Arria ſeized the dagger, before
him; and, having made the trial, preſented it to * I al/ºlve. I condemn. I It is not clear.
her huſband, with the celebrated, No pain! | Thanatos: Death.
with
oN M A R T I A L. 54. I
with ſuch ingratitude, as afterwards to deny the Ce XXXVII. iv. 203. Tyndaris (476) Helen, daugh
rites citizenſhip: whence the Cerite wax implied the ter to Leda, the conſort of Tyndarus, king of E
record of oblivion. Gellius conſtrues more candid balia or Laconia. Another Ebalia was in Italy, wa
ly. The Cerites were made honorary citizens; but, tered by Galeſus, the river of Tarentum, alſo (II.
on account of their hoſpitality, were kept free from XXVI. 4.) Laconian.
every burden; neither corrupted, nor embarraſſed XLII. i. zo;. To thee, Apollo. Boys, in thoſe
with ſuffrage. days, as in theſe, indulged long locks; and, grown
XLI. i. —- Polycletus: a ſtatuary, in braſs; un up, devoted thoſe honors to Phebus, Eſculapius, or
rivalled, as Phidias, in ivory. Lyſippus was the glo even water-deities; the ſuperintendants or promoters
ry of Sicyon (in the Peloponneſe); and Coos, the of vigor. All characters thus acknowleged and a
Egean iland near Rhodes, is perhaps as vain of 4 dored benign Omnipotence, as each wiſhed or ex
pelles, as of Hippocrates. By no other ſtatuary or perienced its exertion. Thus the votaries of inge
painter, than the two laſt-named, would the Pellean nuity, ſacrificed to Apollo, Mercury, and Minerva;
(XLII. ix. Alexander) be repreſented. When Juno the ſoldier to Mars, the ſailor to Neptune; the cul
Minerva, and Venus, conteſted beauty; the judge tivator of the ſoil, to Bacchus or Ceres; the ſhep
ment of Paris, in favor of the laſt, is as well known herd and hind to Pan, and Pales, male or female;
as young Annibal (XLII. xi.) carried by his father the miner or metal-worker to Vulcan, and ſo forth.
Amilcar, to ſwear enmity to the Romans; or as, to When, after a certain period, labors appeared com
us, honeſt Molorchus (487). plete ; either thoſe labors, if works of wit; or the in
XLIII. pen. 188. Lyſºppus Lyſippuſes, or Lyſip ſtruments, by which they had been accompliſhed;
pus’; of (or by) Lyſippus. were depoſited, or hung up, in the reſpective temple:
XLIV. iv. -– Ianthis’ dove : II. xv. as arms, in that of Mars; or the votive tablet, pain
ting the danger and deliverance, in the temple of
Neptune. Venus, attired by the Graces, is ever
laſtingly adorable; as Diana or Veſta, thoſe goddeſſes
B O O K IV. of purity. All, being ſo obvious emanations of ſo
verain power, wiſdom, goodneſs, and beauty, be
P A R T II. come ſo many remembrancers of mans various de
pendance; and of his ceaſeleſs as manifold obligation
I. v. B4tº, anvil: ; in making the equeſtrian to fear, love, obey, and adore that conſtellation of
189. ſtatue, for the barriſter to place in his Deity, whence he has his being, his protection, his
court-yard, as a blazoner of his fame. happineſs, and his hope.
II. v. 190. Counters, for arithmetic; the flying iv. —- The primipilar rank was that of the
firſt centurion (or captain) of the firſt cohort; equal,
band, ſtenography, or ſhort-hand. Marſyas (xiv.)
487.
in honor and income, to the equeſtrian. A centurion
IX. laſt. 192. The glaſs of old Cronus : 475. commanded firſt a hundred, afterwards fixty men.
XVII. ant. 195. Ave — Chaire: Hail. A double century, (or double company) made a
XVIII. vi. 196. The cropling. The perſon ac maniple ; three maniples a cohort; ten cohorts a
quitted, or ſuccesfull; with his hair trimmed, at legion, containing, from three thouſand to fix thou
tended the heroe of the cauſe to the Capitol, to give ſand, generally four thouſand men. -
thanks. Fuſticulene (pen.) and Faventine, ſome think XLIV. xvi. 206. And who Ares, Ares, can re
uſurers ; others, farms pawned or ſold, to defray. ſound: alluding to Homer's (Il. E.)
XIX. i. —- Santonic rod; wormwood: from San "Ages, "Ages, 8;oroºoºyi, Pizºpón, ruxtrºra.
tonia, now Saintonge ; from Pontus, on the Euxine ;
Mars, Mars, thou man-deſtroyer, ſlaughter-ſtain'd!
or Seriphus, in the Egean. Ellebore was applied to
O balefull Pow'r, to batter walls ordain’d
inſanity
XXXI. iv. 200. Heaven-ſtruck mobs: 484. The Greeks hold doutleſs the a, and two other
— xiii. 201. Pentheus: 48o. vowels, common: but, that the Latins have alſo
- their
542 - C O M M E N T
- their liberties, our poet himſelf has exampled; as -- pen. — That cranes exalt: the Greek ºr :
the different o in obe: III. lxxix. whence the Latin V, the initial of Wer, the ſpring.
Ohel jam ſatis eff: ohe, little. XLVII, iv. -- Pergamus, a Phrygian city, pa
rent not onely of Earine (and ſome ſay of parchment)
Oh! enough, my Muſeling, oh!
but of Galen, the ſon of Eſculapius ; who, having
XLV. i. --- Oporinos : autumnal, himſelf honored her with his preſence and practice,
-— ii. —- Cheimerinos: hibernal.
— iii. — Therinos: eſtival, ſummerly.
was now honored by her with a temple.
LII. xx. 21 1. The rank Cinyphian lord: the goat,
!
— iv. —- 7 he ſtripling : Earinos, latinly Ea from Cinyps, a river of Libya; fertiliſing the Gara
rinus, vernal, was a favorite eunuc of Domitian's. mantian plains, famed for the brouſe of goats.
XLVI. iii. 207. Acidalian: 520. Erythra; 477.
Heliads: Suns daughters: II. xlii. 17. 531.
!
C O M M E N T ON M A R T I A L.
B O O K v.
X. iii. ſ.4/ſellius extirpates a tooth, or ſupplies : no by the Nile. Numberleſs were its uſes: for mats,
217. leſs dextrous, probably, than his bro ſails, ropes, paper, fire. It furniſhed veſture to the
ther-operators. Length of time, or change of man living, and ſtuffed the pile of the dead.
ners, has loſt ſome arts, and found others : among XXX. pen. 228. Th’ imperial grape; preferred
the latter, not fingly the ſupplemental eye (XII. to all others by Auguſtus.
clxi.); but, doutleſs, the tranſplantation of a living XLII. iii. 232. Syka merize: divide the figs —
tooth. That a rational, conſequently ſocial, being the inheritance, ever ſo ſmall.
could, by any means, deprive a fellow-creature of XLV. vi. 233. Terentian: governor of Syene.
a member, ſtrong as eſſential, and beautifull as LXXI. i. 241. Libitina; as a diſappointer, no
ſtrong; in order to fill, yet warm, a vacancy in his forced appellation of Venus. Plutarch, with his
own precious conformation; that living limbs, as if wonted ſagacity, finds the ſame the proper patroneſs
human manufacture, could become branches of hu of natal and funeral rites ; the entrance and iſſue of
man commerce; that one perſon might thus acquire human life, being alike precarious and near. In
improvement, to the proportionable mutilation of the ſame temple therefore, where the votaries of joy
any other; was a poſſibility, of which mere Nature petitioned aid, did the ſons of ſorrow purchaſe the
could form no idea; till refined, by the experience funereal requiſites.
of near ſix thouſand years; and darkened onely by LXXIII. pen. 242. Beggar baſed: Irus (Arneus)
the exceſſive bright of her own ingenuity, ſo viſibly of Ithaca. Hom. Od. XVIII. -
C O M M E N T ON M A R T I A L.
B O O K VI.
P A R T I.
II. x. Opiniº'yºrs Romes 632, in which L. O communication, which the tranſmigrant alone could
248. pimius Nepos was conſul, with Q. Fa make of Epig. XXII. at large, with Phaſis' genuine
bius Maximus, afterwards alſo Allobrogicus: a year harangue; which, tho' as identical as tongues can
producing wine fit to keep two hundred years. Wine tranſmigrate, neither Rome nor London could ad
feems thus to have marked Opimius, no leſs than mit in the Text; but which either muſt admire, as
Opimius wine. Nepos indeed compounding (like an antiquity exhibiting, when both languages had
impos, tho' with oppoſite crement) powerleſ, infan attained their ſtandard, the vernacular ſtile of both
time; came to ſignify not onely a grandſon, but a times. The Latin original is no more neceſſary,
debauchee; yet, from either, to conſtitute an inno (perhaps leſs,) than it was ſeventeen hundred years
cent ſurname. So Maximus, ſuperlatively great, ago. Then it may have appeared in the original
ſoon ceaſed to imply more than family-merit, pecu comment ; and thence vaniſhed, when it had an
liarly however diſtinétive of the Fabians, III. xxxiii. ſwered its end. But the Engliſh, giving a ſpeci
V. ix. 249. Caryſos : 514. men of what we ſometimes admire from venerated
VIII. iv. 251. Cap, of liberty : III. xxxvii. ant. pens; and always accept from numberleſs tongues, of
537. the Capital; may have its uſe, as well as its enter
XII. ant. 253. 7%e Delphic : marble-buffet. tainment.
XIX. i. 255. The hue of fair nature: green.
XXII. On P. H. A. S I S.
— laſt. —- Afteed; knightly. 519.
XXI. i. — Criſpin : II. xcviii. 534. Our ſov’rain lord’s auguſt command,
XXII. x. 256. Scrouges. Whatever may have been That bids the ſeats diſtinétive ſtand;
in Pythagoras' article, (5 io) ſuggeſted againſt the That bids the knightly rows be fixt,
doćtrine of 7 ranſmigration ; ſome ſuſpect the ſug Nor multitudes be longer mixt;
geſter a very Pythagorean : no other indeed than Hear Phaſis, mid the knights, atteſt;
Martial himſelf, animating ſuch an alien to London, Refulgent, in his purple veſt;
as he was to Rome; and not onely preſenting his His wiſdom fluſhing in his face :
own improved works, both in Latin and Engliſh; * Pe have at length reſoom'd our place,
but writing his own Comment upon them. One, ſay And can, with doo diſtinčtion, set ;
they, will appear on collation; the other by the Nor ve, the great, and wulgar met.
Pºe
*
544 c o M M E N T
We dooly can behould the play, Util 1 TY and lust Re shi Ne
Sence ve in no confuſion LAY. Their cor Usc AT 1 on s o'er our LIN E :
Of ruination vonc't afear'd, No rif-raf rubbing in vicinity ;
P'en ve was " N E IT H E R ſeen, or hear'd ; Nor none, but of our cons A N GUINITY.
Tell this day, wite as alablaſter, 'Tis with avi D1ty and chear,
Bew RAys me of myſelf no maſter. Tog ET H E R we're Ass E M B led here,
...ONE can't ſcarce recolle&t the tithe, No inſolence APP Roach 1 N G NEAR.
Of all that hove th' equeſºr'an ſigh. Go in the countery or town,
'Tis now ſome comfort, for to think, A knight is know'd from e'er a clown;
That we was on ly on the brink. And quite as ſoon purceiv'd his knowled GE,
A H U M B le; no, A N H 1 GH delight In AN half-hour, as in AN whole age.
Pricks us for to aſſart our right. Yet 'wat was all MAN K1 N D, but fools;
Cur'affy need never acs, Ef they was not train'd up in ſchools?
Nor need no wits be on the racks. There all my com PANY were high,
Childern can, as the larn'd, atteſt, -
* Who thought the M selves as good as I:
Of bond AND free, which is the Best. THE PUB L 1 c k Now, if here I LY E.
Ef You but look, AM on G mankind, I bother'd them, in pride of purſes:
2 ou’ll ſee that T H E Y are not ſo blind, But it was ME, that made the worſes.
So a'n't us, as we was of old,
As for to call them things in doubt,
Or on Those so RT of themes to ſpout. We are got 1 N the age of Gold.
Then let’s not wine; but, on the whing From we Nce, high Sirs, 'twixt you and I,
Of cHIE fest exultation, ſing, You was a wa N D’RING cert A1 NLY ;
AN univorſal jubilee; As how you thought that 'wat was wrong,
And ſuch AN one, we never ſee. Would laſting, or, in short, be Lon G.
1 ou muſt allow, that was but I there,
We ne'er was bleſt with bounty bigger:
7 ou had No room to tremble N E IT H E R ;
So ſhall us cut a tearing F1 GURE ;
And wen you ſee me that there day,
Nay, cut a flash, with much f AcILITY,
In this here LINE of troo G ENT I LITY. I dar'd, as now I dares, to ſay,
Wat now You need not I to tell Ye,
Do but pro-wide for back and belly;
* All nations and ages have been liable to corruption
Be this with watſomever crown'd,
of language, no leſs than of manners ; of one indeed, with
And that with toonic, or with gownd;
the other. Groſineſ, and affediation, walking hand in
Your rank is safe as mine, AND sure ;
hand, have ever been apt to ſuppreſ; liquefaction and
Let thunder G Rowl, or tempeſt Pou R.
aſpiration, where either was reſpectively indiſpenſable;
Our dignity we knights regains :
and to ſupply them, where intolerable; to tranſpoſe, in
The mob N or ſcrouges us, or ſtains.
'terchange, or otherwiſe alter, with ſtreſs, at once quan
Wat, though our terrour on ce was G REAT,
tity and ſºund ; conſequently to make ſound and ſymbol, Leaft we ſhould loſe our ancient ſeat
tho’ no models of each other, perhaps too faithfull pic Whoe'er H at H more or lºſer fear,
tures of the ſenſe. The interchange therefore of the de May bold, like ME MY self, come HERE.
prºffve labial aſpirate, and the braud liquºffer; or ºf Whoe'er's aftar'd, I a'n't, nor w’an't
v and w, however repreſented; has been general, where Not never that myſelf I v A UN tº;
ºver the above fatal ſºfters have reigned. But, while Nor nought my manly mind can D Au Nt.
they uniformly animated the organs of a Phaſis; many, that Nor yet let none ſuſpect me saucy,
continued to join him in other beauties, begged leave to
Like a low feller of the cauſey.
diſºnt in this. To exhibit a juſt verſion of ſo curious Yet I’ll the matter w Hole D1scuss,
an antiquity, it ſeemed proper to mark the ſtile of the Ef cur’ous you, or covetyous.
elder ſºfter, or the obſolete, Italic; of the younger, or
For, immater’al though it be,
the Auguſtan, ca PITAL.
Preſumptious i'n't it not in me;
Who
oN M A R T I A L. 545
Who never play'd no Anti Qy AR1 an ;
Yet still a Roman, no barbarian; B O O. K. VI.
To give your hopes an high IN cent a rive,
Nor lºſer, to your fears, PREvent at Ive. P A R T II.
As I sat out then, and B E G UN,
Before the horſe of Moon or sun ; I. i. H” indignant ſage: Cicero, to whom Rome
And, ºf I had not yet Be GAN, 267. owed the detection of the conſpiracy. To
7%u all confeſt I were the man, him, and ſtill more to Salluſt, we ow the maſterly
From who your conſolation spru N G, account of it. Julius and Pompey were mutual fa
On who your ſorrows all You flu No : thers and ſons in law.
Who no induſtry ne'er could vary, III.iv. —- Tully: ridiculed by Juvenal for the
Watever might be ly’d contrary. unfortunate line, which Dryden not unfortunately
Than whom a more Accept ABLE, rendered:
Could neither debt or doubt diſpel.
Fortune foretun’d the fatal fall of Rome;
You can’t ALLEGE, that now I dream,
When I, her conſul, ſole conſol’d her doom.
Or wander for el GN from my theme:
A worſe from ſtrouging with the ſcum, IX. vii. 269. Latin; Latinus, a comic player,
How glad I was, when HERE I come * Panniculus his but: like Harlequin and Scaramouch.
And ſooner here we ſhould have came ; XIII. iii. 27o. Myron, an eminent ſtatuary in
But othergueſ, folks was to blame. ſilver and braſs; famed for a heifer: Praxiteles, for
Of woes the cloſe, of joys the soorce ; many maſterpieces, particularly two Venuſſes, in
As Caled on 1ANs ſhape their coorſe. marble: Scopas, for his hand in the Mauſoleum.
But, oh! I feel a ſudden woon d’— Mentar and Mys were the moſt renowned carvers of
Nor more : the paly Phaſis ſwoon'd. plate.
The purple robes, that brav'd the ſkies, XV. iv. 271. Apon. Aponus, a village and foun
Heard awfull Leótius roar: Ariſe. -
tain, near Patavium. Various were ſaid to be the,
qualities of the waters: ſome ſuppoſe here a com
XXVI. i. 257. Wenal maze; a public encloſure, pliment to Patavian modeſty. Plin. Epiſ. I. 14.
where the people aſſembled to vote, and where auc XVI. ant. 273. Philips porch ; of Hercules' tem
tions were held. It is therefore named, VII. x.9. ple, reſtored by Auguſtus’ father-in-law.
the Hoard: ; as from likeneſs, and original deſtina XVII. x. —- Halmyrotes: Marinus.
tion, it was commonly called the Fences or Folds. XX. i. 274. Middle beds of three, each holding
XXX. ii. 259. Flaminius’ round: the Flami three. The middle bed and place, counted the moſt
nian Circus, or crockery-market; for pottery and honorable: yet the loweſt of the middle bed ſeems ſuch
glaſs-ware. here. Thoſe tricliniar couches, when the citron
XLI. i. 262. Julian Calend, Term. day. 475. orbs, (round tables,) came into uſe, gave way to the
— xiv. -- The Aricinian mound: near Aricia, lofty Creſcent, which ſhaped C, and named Sig
a hill, the reſort of beggars; like the Bridge in the ma, contained fix, ſeven, or eight. Servants en
laſt line. III. xlvi. 3. tered at the opening.
XLII. iv. 263. Ball: I. ii. 16. laſt. 514. XXIII. i. 275. Corinthian; voluptuous: (XXXIII.
XLV. vii. 265. Autolycus : 488. ant.) Galbanian, gay.
XLVI. ix. 266. Myrin : I. ii. 45. 1. 515. XXIV. ant. 276. Hirpinus ; a heroe-horſe. A
xi. —- The candid or fair napkin, the fig pretty fellow muſt therefore be a knowing one.
nal of ſtarting (474), vaniſhed. XXVII.ii. 277. Celenean: Cybele's Attis.
- xxi. -- The bald-pates in lawn: the prieſts vi. -- Ides, of July ; when the knights, in
of Iſis, with their fiſtrums, like kettle-drums. purple robes, with olive-wreaths, commemorated,
A a a a in
546 - C O M M E N T
in proceſſion from Marſes temple, a vićlory obtained XXIII. ix. 294. A ſalamander: whether the ani
over the Latins, under the auſpices of Caſtor and mal, whoſe juce or gore was ſuppoſed fatal to hair;
Pollux. But Ides were always high holidays. or an inſtrument contrived for ſuch purpoſe.
XXXIX. i. 281. Artemidore and Calliodore: the XXIX. ii. 296. Coryc: I. ii. 3. Io. 491.
gifts (or votaries) of Diana, and of Beauty's Queen. XLI. viii. 3oo. Zoe cai pſyche : Life and ſoul.
XL. ii. —- The diffic: XII. clvii. XLII. ant. 3ol. The bird-brayer: onocrotalus, (E-
L. iv. 284. Argus’ death: III. ix. 14. lian, XVI. Pliny, X.) is by ſome taken for the
bittern.
XLIII. xiii. 3oz. 7 he monuments, without the
-m-m-
walls; near which plied the thence-named Summe
nian or Buſ?uary proſtitutes.
LIV. ii. 205. Have his own: the form of divorce
B O O K VI.
being, Have, to thyſelf, thine own.
v. – The Megalenſian purple; the Pretor's
P A R T III. robe, when he celebrated the games in honor of the
Mighty Mother: 484.
IV. ii. Four and three days: a term of aſſured beau LV. pen. 306. julius’ law, reenforced by Do
288. ty, after eating hare. Plin. XXVIII. 19. mitian: againſt adultery.
VIII. xvi. 290. Laugh-compelling. Philiſtion, a — laſt. —— Thou vow’ſ, not wail'ſ : thou a
comic poet of Nice, in Bithynia, and contemporary voweſt and ſecureſt (by wedloc) no new connexion.
to Socrates, died of laughter: as did Sophron, a The vail being aſſumed by the bride; when a wo
i mimographer of Syracuſe : with whoſe writings man married, ſhe was ſaid to vail.
Plato is ſaid to have been ſo entertained, that on his LXV. xii. 309. Arachne, having challenged Mi
death-bed he kept them under his pillow. With the nerva to weave, and been outdone ; was turned by
Mimes of Publius, the Syrian, was Julius Ceſar ſo her antagoniſt (Ovid, Met. VI.) into a ſpider. Pliny
pleaſed, that he preferred them to thoſe of the (VII. 57.) allows her the invention of flax, her ſon
knight Laberius; which, tho' inferior, were not Cloſter that of the diſtaf.
contemptible,
C O M -M E N T on M A R T I A L.
B o O K VII.
II. xviii. 313. Sºº : III. xvii. laſt. 537. — xv. —- The julian olive: with which the
V. iii. 314. Pacorus: king of the Parthians. heir of Julius, the imputed deſcendant of Iulus,
Parthia, ſouth from Hyrcania (which lies ſouth from crowned the Minervalian vićtor: 47.o.
the Caſpian) eaſt from Ariana, the now Corazan ; X. v. 316. Achilles has from Homer ſwiftfooted,
weſt from Media, Servan; north from Carmania, as the principal epithet of the heroe. So Priam had
Chirman, which parts it from Perſia; names (and been named Podarces, till he became the ranſomer :
venerates) all her kings, Arſacians, from Arſaces, 488.
— ix. —- The Hoard: ; VI. i. 26. 1. near
the founder of the monarchy.
— xii. —- The Pharian Jove: The Egyptian which ſtood Neptunes temple, with a portico, ex
gale. hibiting the Argonauts: 494. 545.
- xiv.
º
º
eN M A R T I A L. 547
— xiv. —- Sad heifer: Iſis: 479. peculiar for olives. Its capital was Picentia, now
-xvii. —- Fortunes and Favors. Public baths Picenza. Oil eſſenced the living and the dead.
were kept by Fortunatur, Fauſtus; Lupus, Gryllus. XL. iii. 329. Cryſtallines: tranſparent pebbles;
The laſt was low and gloomy; that of Lupus, high ſplit and poliſhed; which the ancients uſed in their
keener ſatyr; his ſyſtem being indeed that of him, caſioned many ſumptuary laws. The Fannian, of
who had ſaid: One day, ſpent according to thy 588, confined a Senators expence, to a hundred Aſſes,
precepts, O Philoſophy, is to be preferred to a cri on a public day.
minal immortality (5 Tuſc. Queſt.). How happily LXVIII. v. 339. Sweet eye, farwel! So cried
Cicero ſoars into coincidence with his greater. One a Frenchman, to his fingle eye, gone in a fencing
day in thy courts, is better than a thouſand. ſchool: Adieu, mon euil; et, bonne nuit, Meſſieurs:
XXX. i. -- Amycle's band: the wreath of Pollux and ſo had cried, in like circumſtance, a Greek:
there born: 476, 504. Anthol. Lucil. XI. xaſ;’ intº ps;1 with which coin
— iii. - Nooning; the Roman prandium, per cides, at leaſt, Miltons, Hail, holy light !
haps a ſportule of fruits. That cheeſe was often the LXIX. i. —- Snap of the thumb, called a flave.
luncheon of ſervants, we learn X. xciii. 7entacu LXXI.ii. 34o. Saguntum, or Saguntus (now Mor
tum, breakfaſt; uſed of old, chiefly by childhood, ºvedre, near Walencia) a Tarraconenfian colony; from
age, weakneſs, or indulgence; conſiſted merely of Zacynthus (now Zante) in the Egean. Pottery
bread, ſays Plutarch, (Symp. VIII.); joined by might diſtinguiſh her in our poets days; but her fi
our author, XI. ccxx. Apuleius (Met. I.) adds delity to Rome had been her ancient glory. Beſieged
cheeſe; which he may borrow from the nooning. by Annibal, ſhe choſe rather to periſh by fire, than
Coena, ſupper, correſpondent to our dinner, was the fall into his hands.
great common ſocial meal. II. xcvii. VII. v. and -vii. - Rhetus: a Centaur, in the convivial war
following. with the Lapiths, encountered, Ovid ſays, (Met.
XXXIV. viii. 328. Picenum; a fertile region of XII.) with a brand, Theſeus, who had the gob
Italy on the Adriatic, now the March ºf Ancona, was blet.
A a a a 2
º
548 C O M M E N T
blet. The other alluſions point noted charaćters of mon, or guardian genius ; and to Mercury, the com:
the Iliad and Eneid. mander (488) of ſleep.
LXXII. i. 341. The Crumb : an exquiſite cenatory, LXXXII. xxix. 346. Ball: ; XI. ccxviii. 1.
or ſupping-room, which Domitian had conſtructed, — xl. — Frontinus twice, Conſul; the
and ſo named for its diminutive beauty. Thence double date of the caſk.
appeared a Mauſoleum, ſuppoſed of Auguſtus. By xlix. 347. Parties: I. ii. 9. 1. 491.
the Romans, the ſame articles were employed in life, LXXXIII. xi. —- Velabrum : a diſtrićt of Rome,
and at its termination. Nard itſelf, Pliny (XIII. i.) near the Aventine; where ſmoked cheeſe, oil, and
tells us, confiſted of verjuce, ben, ruſh, coſt, ſpic other articles were ſold.
nard, amomum, myrrh, and balm. LXXXIV. i. 348. Atreus: III. xliv, Io. 538.
LXXIV. ii. — The Quincunx: (513) five cy LXXXV. x. 349. The ruddy provokers : quills
aths, for Ceſar; according to the ancient cuſtom of of the Phenicopter: II. xxxviii. 15. 530.
drinking a bumper for every letter of what is now xv. 350. The bold ſtroker: male or female,
called the Toaſt, or of the name commemorated. eſpecially the latter, exerciſed the delicate art of
julius, (LXXV.) II. ciz. Flaccus, (LXXVI.) II. lii. gratifying every limb, at the proper pauſes of the
Rufus (LXXVIII.) II. lxxxviii. Turanius (LXXXI.) entertainment.
II. ci. 534. IV. ii. 35. xxix. —- Liguria: the now Genoeſe,
LXXX. laſt. 344. Somnus ; alluding perhaps to xxxii. -- Myrrhines: a ſpeckled and pel
the three cups, with which the Greeks cloſed their lucid Porcelain.
entertainments: To jove, the Savior; to the good De
*
º- - -
- - -
C O M M E N T o N M A R T I A L.
B O O K VIII.
P A R T 1.
I. i. Ithebearer: Saturn, or Time, mowing all vel-veſt; and all the family of pain, fled before that
351. things, in order to make them riſe; ſpeaks of pleaſure. Expanding benevolence had no object
here, as everywhere, his beneficence. He mowed but expanſion of joy; and this feſtivity, beyond o
indeed down the labors, and diſtinétions, of the thers, muſt be diffuſive of generous tokens. Nor
year; into a well-earned enjoyment, and unemu could ſuch union of innocence, liberty, and love;
lous equality. During the five days (no wonder if but excite the idea of a ſtate naturally mans, ere
protracted to ſeven, XI. ccxiv.) of this higheſt as he had abuſed it; and hopably his, when atone
happieſt feſtival, which began on the fourteenth to ment ſhould be attended by duty, the parent of ex
the Calends of January (our nineteenth of Decem pećtation.
ber); a perfect vacation took place. Every allowa II. i. 352. Parro: a name, however high in va
ble indulgence ſucceded. Buſineſs, corporeal and in rious chara&er; ſo celebrated by ſuch a judge, leaves
telle&ual, was ſuſpended. Inſtructor and pupil were us onely to regret our being denied farther acquain
diſcriminated, by age and attainment; maſter and tance ; of which our deſert can beſt appear, from our
ſervant, by interchange. To the ſolemnity of the improvement of his paragons. Sophocles has never
gown was ſubſtituted the caſe of the tunic, or re been, at leaſt by poſterity, envied the unequivocal
honors
oN M A R T I A L. 549
honors paid him. But the lord of the Calabrian lyre, the city, by the innocents he ment to betray. The
muſt have been another Horace; who, by conſtella Faliſcians could not hold out, againſt ſuch an at
ting the Greek Lyrics, reduced them all into frag tack, a city impregnable to arms. After a ten
ments. years fiege, he ſapped Veii. Accuſed of triumphing
III. i. 352. Atticus: ſtill more honored by re with white horſes, and of miſdividing the ſpoil, he
ſemblance, than by relation, to T. Pomponius At is by Tribunician envy, relegated to Ardea, a town
ticus; whom Cicero, Nepos, and Plutarch, have of Latium. The Senonian Gauls, then as formi
taught us ſo highly to honor. While his own wri dable to Rome, as their ſucceſſors may now be to
tings, in Greek as well as Latin, we have to regret; London, ſeized the junčture, ſacked the city, be
we taſte their and their authors refle&ted value in the ſieged the Capitol, and were weighing its ranſom;
writings of his correſpondent, and hiſtorians. But when the exile, named Dićtator, rallied the Ro
his works (as every mans) are thoſe of his virtues; mans, ſurpriſed the Gauls, and reſtored the liberty
which, were they leſs enſured of terreſtrial luſter, of his country. The Gauls again invading, were by
muſt everlaſtingly follow him. Camillus, a fifth time dictator, routed on the Anio.
— ix. 353. Poff : a ſtake, againſt which young Having oft ſaved the Romans from forain foes, and
fencers floriſhed, as if againſt an enemy. oft from their worſt enemies, themſelves; ſecuring
VI. ii. — Of name Laconian: the Endromis, o their peace, as extending their power; the ſecond
riginally Peloponnefian, was a freze ſent to Rome, founder of Rome was, at fourſcore, carried off by
from Sequania; that part of the banks of Sequana the plague.
(the Seine), now La Franche Comté. XX. ant. 362. The Calend of the god of war; (II.
XII. vii. 355. Coãans: ſmall figs from Syria; lii. 17.) the day of our poets birth, and perhaps the
whence ſlaves were choſen, as (Amazonic) porters parent of his name ; was alſo the high female feſ
from Cappadocia tival, celebrating the birth of Venus. This, as the
XIV. i. 356. The pretor’s crown: a wreath of Saturnalian, expanded freedom ; and with freedom.
gold or filver, by him preſented to the vićtor. ſuch reciprocation of benefits, as amounted to com
— xi. 357. Date: the gilded compliment to munity of poſſeſſion. Ranks were not confounded,
the patron, as to Janus an 4, on his Calends. but interchanged. Miſtreſſes attended their maids
- xiii. — Beans: Egyptian; large, when in the one, as maſters their men in the other. This
boiled. -
P A R T II.
C O M M E N T o N M A R T I A L.
B o o K IX.
I. iii. IS bones, Nigrina. With wine the pile very name here given the mourner, intimates her
375. extinguiſhed, the departed ſoul was ſo guiſe. Tibullus (III.) throws light on the ſubjećt.
lemnly invoked. With well-waſhed hands the bones
The ſole remainder of my looſen’d frame,
now colle&ted, were ſprinkled with wine and milk,
Be awfull gather'd by the pious dame;
and expoſed to dry. Dry, they were mingled with
aromatics; and, with what aſhes could be delicate Who, when my ſoul ſhall have explor’d her reſt,
Shall hug, my whiten’d bones, in ſable veſt.
ly ſaved, depoſited in the urn; where all was anew
refreſhed by the pious ſhower. III. i. 376. Wine: the centurions ſymbol, and in
Various have been the hues of mourning. Na ſtrument, of authority.
ture, deeply touched, muſt prefer the ſable. The IV, iii. -- Here Fuſtus lies: II. lxxxvi.
* aft.
O N M A R' T I A L. 55 I
- ant. -- Aftone, erečted in Dacia to his XXIX. iv. 387. Her name he hallºw'd. The mo
memory, by Julian, who avenged him. nument was conſecrated, with the inſcription, D.
VI. i. 377. Tullus (Domitius) mentioned by the M. S. Diis Manibus Sacrum. Sacred to the awfull
younger Pliny, VIII. 18. as well as by Tacitus, Soul. And ſo ſacred were the premiſes, that they
III. So Aquinus and Fabricius (VIII.) by Polybius. did not always deſcend with the eſtate. If lineally
X. ii. 378. The Cleonean ſtar: 487. reſtrićted, the inſcription was, H. EXT. N. S. He
XII. i. 379. The courtier: I. iii. 15.520. redes externos (or exteros) ne ſequatur. Let this not
XIV. ii. — Severe: Severus, Silius' younger go to aliens: This field ſhall be inalienable. Thus
ſon (Pliny, Ep. III. 7.). Linus, the maſter of Or Horace, Sat. I. viii. 10.
pheus (48o) ſon to Calliope. Palatine jove: Domi
For carcaſes refuſe, this common ground,
tian: 520. Tarpeian joves ſon, Sarpedon (493); ſlain Of vile buffoons, or debauchees, was found.
by Patroclus. En. X.
One thouſand foot in front, this ſtone aſſign'd;
XVIII. i. 381. Fronto and Flaccilla have been To bare three hundred was the flank confin’d:
variouſly, in various punétuation, taken: by ſome,
That, with the hallow'd, nought profane might
for the poet’s; by more for Erotion’s, parents, gone blend,
before her. A third party holds Flaccilla the mo Nor theſe dred mounds to alien heirs deſcend.
ther alive, recommending the child to Fronto, the
father, in the ſhades. XXXVIII. ix. — Him, of Diffean breed: from Dićfe,
XX. iv. 383. Annual honors, to the worthy, were (now Laſti) a mountain of Crete. To Ovid, and
paid at their ſepultures. Pythagoras enjoins it. He his friend C. Julius Hyginus (whether Spaniard or
rodotus records it. Various were the rites and in Egyptian, freedman to Auguſtus, and Librarian to
vocations. Wine, metheglin, or other liquor, was the Palatine Apolle); are we endetted (Poetics II.
poured; and certain repaſts were conſumed on the 189.) for our acquaintance with Cephalus and Pro
hallowed place. cris. Aurora, leſs ſuccesfull with Cephalus than
XXI. i. —- Canace: alluding to another tender with Tithonus (477), could excite the jealouſy of
Procris. After a little quarrel, the reenforcer of
tale, ſung by Ovid, of Macareus and Canace; chil
dren of Eolus, the hoſpitable king of the Vulca union, the lady, aſſures her lover by two tokens:
nian, from their Volcanoes; or, from himſelf, the her unerring ſhaft and faithfull Lelaps. Cephalus
Eolian iſlands; now named thoſe of Lipari, between would next morning prove both. Procris ſtole after
him into the forreſt. Hot with the chace, he cried:
Italy and Sicily. Lipara, the principal, ſhone by
Sweet Aura", come. Procris, full of Aurora, ruſ.
night. By the ſmoke of Strongyle (now Stromboli)
where he reigned, or (ſay others) by the tides, Eolus tled behind the buſh. Certain of prey, he ſent
the arrow. The unfortunate was arrained on Areo
foretold the winds; and thence was, by Mythology,
made their king. But the very name ſpeaks at once pagus, or Mars-hill; where his acquittal proved the
ſecond deciſion of that awfull Athenian tribunal.
blowing and variety.
XXV. i. 385. Glaucias: the freed boy of Me The twelve judges, who ſat by night, that they
lior Atedius (II. cxi.) no leſs celebrated by Statius: might ſee, onely the cauſe ; unanimous in the clea
Silv. II. rance of Cephalus, could no more hinder his tur
XXVIII. iv. 386. Caſtricus : II. civ. ning into a ſtone, than Lelaps' into a ſtar. II.
• ix. -- The goddeſs: Salmacis, II. xxxi. xxxv. 2. 528.
17. III. lxxv. Io. 528. * Gale ºr breze. Z
C O M M EN T
( 552 )
C O M M E N T ON M A R T I A L.
B O O K X.
HIS, and the following book, contain the Sa Go, my once happy goatlings; charmers, go.
turnalian preſents: everything eatable, drink No more ſhall I, in verdant cell below,
able; uſefull or entertaining. The convivial were Behold you bid the lofty branches bend;
doutleſs the principal hoſpitalities, for which the And fearleſs ſee you, on the rock depend.
Romans retained the Greek name Xenia; as they
did Apophoreta, for the Saturnalian tokens uncom
XLVI. ii. 399. Erythrean: (477) elephantine.
priſed in the immediate entertainments; and lite LIV. ii. 4oo. Porphyrion: not onely one of the
rally Carrioſables. This was as natural, but as rebellious giants; but the Greek name of Purpurio,
Nero's driver (491) of the Green.
needleſs, a compliment to the parent-country,whence
LXII. i. 4ol. The letter: Y, or the Greek A ;
thoſe feſtivities were imported; as are our police and
which, from the flight of cranes, Palamedes is ſaid
belles lettres, to that principal parent, not onely of
to have invented, (IV. ii. 46. pen. 542.) as well as the
our Polity and Polite Learning ; but of Britons an
arrangement of armies. But what might he not in
cient and modern, of the Gaulic and Engliſh Lan
vent, if Plato allow him the father of arithmetic *
guages.
Of calculation he ſeems indeed the founder in Grece;
On the firſt day, ſays Vitruvius (VI. 10.) Stran thence of games, weights, meaſures, and celeſtial
gers were invited ; entertainments and accommoda motions. During the Trojan war, he is thought
tions, for day and night, were reddy. Stores, cel
to have added the Greek aſpirates b, e, x, and the
lars, poſſeſſions; houſe, heart and hand were open. compound articulation 3. This laſt, as uſeleſs,
On the laſt of the five (or of the two ſupernumeraries),
as if the day of ſupplement or deſert; every rural
the Attics long oppoſed; the Eolians always, with
juſt reluctance therefore, did the Romans receive the
produce ; fowls, egs, vegetables, eſpecially fruits, (X) nexure ; which, certainly unneceſſary, muſt pro
were ſent round to thoſe, whoſe modeſty had been duce embarraſsment ; for it involved either power
ſhy of acceptance. Painters or poets, unable to cy or gº (really gº.); as in pix and ſtrix, inſted of
proffer the realities, ſubſtituted the pićtures or po pics and frigs. -
fies ; which enriched the entertainments with luxu LXXIII. i. 4oz. The Sicilian wheel: 471.
ries, that affluence cannot always beſtow. LXXVI. ii. —- Pella, in Macedon; for Alex
XXVIII. i. 396. Parent-arms: in Perſia. andria: the former the birthplace of the latters founder.
XXX. i. 397. Cybele's apples: from her favorite LXXX. i. 493. Char, ſays Pliny (IX. 17.) alone
Atys, Attys, or Attis, turned into a pine. Met. X. of the finny race, chaws the cud; and Sturgeon, by
XXXIX. i. 398. Cypariſis : another beautifull inverted fins, ſwims againſt the ſtream.
unfortunate ; who, having chanced to kill his favo LXXXII. -- The gilt-head: perhaps the now
rite ſtag, wept himſelf into a fountain. Silvia's : Jean-Doré, and our john Dory ; lent his name O
the cauſe of the war. En. VII. rata (or Aurata) ſays Macrobius, (III, 15.) to one
XL. ii. —- No fence: Anacreon, II. Sergius, who loved him dearly.
XLII. i. — Dependant from the clif: alluding LXXXIV. The Shrimp. II. xxxi. 16. III. lxxv.
(perhaps) to Melibeus: Wirg. Ec. I. Io. 528.
LXXXIX.
oN M A R T I A L. 553
LXXXIX. i. 404. Cerretan: a Spaniſh nation, CIX. ii. — Iulus, the founder of Alba, 519;
near the Pyrenees, diſputed hams with Cantabria, whence Mount-Alban, 47.o.
-
- -
-- * * *
now Biſcay: as did Menapia (containing the now CXP. i. 407. Maffe and Falernian differed lit
Juliers, Clever, and part of Guelderland) anticipate tle ; the Surrentine inferior. The mountains run,
diſpute with the whole modern Weſtphalia. ſays Pliny (III. 5.) Falernian, Calenian, Maſſic,
XC. —- Gooſes liver, ſwelled as large as gooſes Gauran, Surrentine. Near Naples was Mount
ſelf ; by the injection of metheglin, milk, figs wet Trifoline. Along Campania ranged the copious
and dry. towns, Sinuºſa, Setia, Fundi, Cecubum, Anycle. Au
XCIII. i. —- Th’ Etruſcan Moon: Luna, (now lon (now Caſºri vetere) was a Calabrian mountain, op
Porto Wenere) an Etrurian port, abounding in white poſite Tarentum. The Mamertimes, a Samian co
marble; and enormous cheeſe, fit for Servants Lun
lony, incorporated name and nation with the people
cheon. Weftinum was a territory, bordering on the of Meſſana (now Me/ina), in Sicily. Julius uſed
Sabine and Picentine ; therefore not far from Tre Mamertine, at entertainments. belonged to
Ceretan
bula; II. xxxvi. Pelabrum; VII. lxxxiii. 11. Cere, in Etruria; Marſcan to the Marſi, neighbors
XCVIII. ii. 405. Hºſperian: Spaniſh. From to the Peligni in Aprutium, now Abruzzo ; as theſe
Spain came the beſt Anchovy-pickle, or Caviar.
to the Spoletines in Umbria. Signia (now Segni)
Antipolitans of Antipolis, now Antiles. The The was a town of Latium. Tarraco, Maſlia, and
ſtan hill: Hymettus. Penafrum (III. xiii. 2.) in oil Wienna (Wienne) in Gaul, we know ſtill better than
beats Italy, ſays Pliny (XV. 2.), as Italy the world. Cnoſus or Cnoſus (484) in Crete.
CV. i. 406. Liquid grain ; ale: metheglin, honey
wine.
.. . . .
C O M M E N T oN M A R T I A L.
B O O K XI.
I. xvii. 27°Hebe: ; the war of Edipus' ſons, Eteocles II. i. —- A bill of fare proves the titles, of the
4 II. and Polynices, ſung by Antimachus Hoſpitalities and Carrioſables, to have been Martial's.
and others, too heavy to come down. Papinius Sta Thoſe of the other books, muſt have often, if not
tius, no more loaded like them, than light as mo always, been adapted by his Editors.
dern abortioners; beſtowed twelve years on the The III. —- Tablets were waxed over, of various co
baid, which has therefore lived already ſeventeen lor; and inſcribed with a ſtile or pencil, like our
hundred. Some have marvelled that our poet and pocketbook. Similar was their ſervice : one prin
he, both ſo intimate with Stella, ſhould ſpeak no cipal however, the conveyance of notes, addreſſes,
intimacy with each other. But the ſource, of the or epiſtles. Fivefolds, ſpeaking the number of leaves,
wonder, might ſpring to diſpel it. Statius, if not a were employed to announce a triumph, or other
Roman, was a Neapolitan. He too may have held public honor decreed to the emperor: in whoſe courts
Martial a forainer: nor would he, without peculiar ſacrifice was performed. I. i. 2. 16. 20. Pitellians,
cauſe, have been overlooked by a genius, who ce of diſputed origin, were the inſtruments of amorous
lebrated, with the ardor of friendſhip, perhaps every : correſpondence. Pellum, a ſpecies of parchment, in
other eminent contemporary. They were but like vented by Attalus, or Eumenes, at Pergamus ; when
(; 10) the Attic Muſe, and the Divine Philoſopher. paſted or pargeted over, anſwered the ſame purpoſe,
B b b b as
554 C O M M E N T
as the wax, Word (XI.) of tourſe have not been compromiſe, and to bind both down to good be
invented in this age, nor were always practiſed in havior.
any. Compliments delight with equal reaſon, LXI. -- Martiar: from the now Baden, if not
the giver and receiver; when adequate, and fin Marpurg.
cere: II. lxxx. lxxxiii. Without propriety, they LXIII. 419. Myrobalanum, having four ſucceſ.
abuſe the objećt; without fincerity, they proſtitute five ſhort ſyllables, could not enter Greek or Latin
-- ſpeech. heroics. Pliny (XII. 21.) finds it among the Tro
XV. i. 413. The Memphian reeds, ſays Pliny, glodytes (Ethiopians that live in caves) in the The
xVI. 36, ſuited beſt their cognate Papyrus, the B baid, and in the Arabia parting Judea from Egypt :
gyptian flag (V. xviii. 23.); whence, by tranſmuta a common fruit, like the filberd; teeming with oil,
tion, our paper. Still preferable, adds he, are the as its name implies ; intimating it alſo the acorn of
Cnidian; alſo thoſe, that grow about the Amaitic the Heliotrope, or Turnſol.
lake. That lake (of Armenia) had its name from LXV. ii. —- Ninus; the firſt king (489) for his
an infamous as unſeemly goddeſs, called Anaiti; ; in domain. He founded, at Nineveh, the firſt empire
whoſe temple was celebrated a Bacchanalian feſtival, of Aſſyria; 514 years, before Rome began.
commemorating Cyrus’ vićtory, rather vengeance, LXXIV. ii. 420. Cinyphian: IV. ii. 52. zo. 542.
over the Sacae, or Sacians; a Scythian People, by LXXV. —- Slippers, were of various kinds.
whom he had been defeated : whom therefore, by
Theſe are ſuppoſed to have been woollen, for the bed
leaving his camp full of ſtores, he decoyed into riot chamber. Covering onely the ſole and heel, they
and deſtruction. were laced over the naked foot.
XX. ii. —- Paniſht : VI. i. 45. 21.
LXXVI. ii. — A knight his own: I.iii. 12. 18.
XXVII. 414. Tallies were larger than dice. Four
LXXVII. ii. —- Enſurance: VI. i. 32.4.
were uſed of the former; one, two, or three of the
LXXIX. 421. The Sportule: V. i xix. 481.
latter. The tally, originally, an ancle-bone, of
LXXX. — Endromis: VIII. i. 6. 549.
ſome little animal, had but four ſides dotted: ha
LXXXIII. —- Syntheſis: VI. i. 37.2. VIII. ii.
ving no two or five. The moſt fortunate throw of 4, 21. /
the tallies, was, where they were all different: one,
LXXXIV.i. — Santonic: III.xxxviii. 5. IV.ii. 19.
three, four, fix. Such throw was named Venus.
LXXXV. ii. -- Callair: gold-color: II. cxxix. 2.
The ace was called the Dog.
LXXXVI. -— The frieze-cloke: V. xxxiv.
XXXIII. ii. 415. One annoy ; Hyacinth killed, LXXXVIII. 422. -- The Gabardine: V. xxvi. 1.
by the Zephyr-blown diſk of Apollo. XC. i. —— Green: I. ii. 8. VII. lxxxii. ant.
XXXIV. ii. — The muſic of the jinglers. If
canthus, not cantus, be (as ſome think.) the true XCII. -— Amethyſłine: literally, unmuddled.
The Sidonians, from Sidon, the grandſon of Ham ;
reading ; the ſecond line becomes, when expelled their city, by the king of Aſcalon; 68.
To boys it runs a hoop, a ſtrake to me. years before the taking of Troy, and 240 before the
XXXVI. —- Hand-ball: III. lxviii. 9. 538. building of Solomons temple; founded (whether a
XLIV. i. 416. Liniment: 504. Hide: VI.ii. 19. firſt or ſecond time) on an iland two hundred fur
L. ii. 417. Hail, weapon l a compliment to Su longs (twenty-five miles) from Sidon, Sarra, after
ra, ſo inveſted by Trajan. wards named Tyre; who ſoon became, and long con
LII. ii. -- Saber. So Pope (aged ſeventeen) tinued, the capital, not onely of Phenicia, but of
Commerce.
from ſtill ſublimer ſources:
XCIV. i. — The ſhepherd: Paris, to Helen.
Then uſeleſs lances into ſithes ſhall bend,
XCV. 423. Pollentine : of Pollentia, on the Ta
And the braud fauchion in a ploughſhare end. narus, in Liguria; now Polenza, on the Tanaro, in
LVIII. i. 418. Silk and ſking curls: battling in the Genoeſe.
the original; and the learned being doubtfull, whe XCVII. -- Canuftan: of Canufium, on the Au
ther to ſecond; the engliſh pin has attempted a fidus; (now Canoſa, on the Oſanto; ) in the Daunian
Apulia,
oN M A R T I A L. 555
Apaña, twenty-five furlongs from Cannae, now CXXVI. i. -- Maffilia's ſmoke: VII. lxii. X.
Cannº cxxiii. - t
XCIX. -- Peacoc-bed: made of citron, veined CXXVII. i. 427. Cold water, in the pitcher;
or painted like peacocs-feathers; if not indeed co warm, in the pitcherling. The latter line bids li- .
wered with them. Pliny, XIII. 15. Ov. Met. I. terally, Forbear to wanton with capricious thirſ'.
C. i. — Sigma: VI. ii. zo. 545. CXXVIII. ii. —- Fronto: perhaps he, II. cxvi.
CI.ii. -- Lingonie: or Leuconic. The Lingones CXXXI. — Beakers. Calathus, the Calath,
and Leuci inhabited, where are now the cities Langres originally an oſier-baſket; came to fignify a beaker,
and Toul ; adjacent, and of fimilar produce. Hence or flaſk for wine ; peculiar to the orgies (48o) of
the interchange of Lingonic and Leuconic: the former Bacchus. The tiguer and tigreſs are ſaid thence to
prevailing (III. xxxviii. 5) for the manufacture of ſuck the wine, that tamed them for drawing his car.
ſhaggy or coarſe cloths; the latter alone, for flocks, I. i. 18. pen. I. ii. 25.
VI.iii. 42.8. for either, V. lxxxv. 17. and the Epi CXXX. i. -- Cups (III. lxix. 5. VII. ii. 4.) of
gram following this. Some bring Leucomic from Leu four noſels. The author (a Beneventan) comme-,
conium, an Eolian town; or, by Greek origin, from morated alſo by Juvenal (V), was alike deformed in
the whiteneſ of the wool. The Circenſian locks were body and mind: ſo a natural favorite of Nero (Tac.
ſuch ſhreddings of reed or ſtraw, as are ſaid to have XV); in the double capacity, of calumnious arrai
been ſtrown (or ſtuffed) under the ſpectators of the ner, and ſcurrilous jeſter.
Circenſian games. CXXXI. i. -— Slaves: VI. i. 3o. 7.
CIII. i. 424. Anycle: II. xxvi. 9, 527. ii. — Saguntums clay : VIII. i. 19. 16.
CVIII. i. —- Catullus’ land, the Veronenſian: CXXXII. ii. -- Surrentums wheel: X. cx. 2.
II. cxxviii. 1. Helicaons, the Patavinian, II. I. 2. CXXXIII. i. -- Scythian fires : I. Ap. xiv. 3.
CX. —- Guſtatories, holding the whet, were of. VI. iii. 36. 6. With our poet agree Juvenal (V.42.)
ten covered with tortoiſeſhell : an invention of Cor
and Pliny (XXXVII. z.) that many transferred the
bilius Pollio, whom Pliny (IX. 11.) calls a prodigy gems, from their fingers to their cups. Mentor and
of luxurious power. The ſea-tortoiſe was obviouſly Mys: VI.ii. 13.7. VIII. i. 15. 1. Callaic : II.
preferred. cxxix. z. cxxx. 6. V. xxxii. 3.
CXI. 425. A Citron-table : V. xxiii. 9. VI.i. CXXXVI. i. 428. Coſinus and Niceros are our
12. 6. -
CXX. i. – Painted Britains, or Britons: VIII. CXXXVIII. i. -— Genius of the Nile / Egypt,
ii. 17. I. 55o. Baſcauda, proviſion-baſket, or veſſel, as in all arts, ſhon in glaſs of all colors: ſhe blew,
invented in Britain, came to be made at Rome. turned, carved it. Sidon, her neighbor, had alſo
CXXI. ii. -— Rhetian: Griſon, perhaps Rheniſh. a noted glaſſary; and Rome roſe a rival to both.
CXXIII. -- Serce : VIII. ii 9. 10. VI. i. z. 9. Her glaſs became audacious (CXXXIX. i VI, i 30.
CXXIV. i. -- Spoletine: X. cxxi. cxxii. VII. 6.) as cryſtal; which, ſays Pliny, (XXXVII. 2.) is
lxxiii. 2.
but ice petrefied. The material of the Myrrhine he
CXXV. ii. — Ingenious thirſ. Pliny XXXI. 3.) thinks a ſubterraneous humor condenſed: Joſeph
gives the ingenuity to Nero. Scaliger holds it preciſely porcelain.
B bb b 2 CXLII.
|
556 C - O M M. :E N T
CXLII. i. -- When ſnaps the thumb: VII. lxix. as happy a picture: for it adopted the expedient ſer
1. lxxxv. 17. 547. vile, when it ſpurned, like its parent, the imprac
CXLIII, i.-429. A ligule, ladle or ſpoon, (T. iii. ticable. Det and dout no more admit than require
12. 19. VIII. i. 14. ant. 18.2.) as well as poniard, any ſervile; elſe truly ſervile would they continue
ſwordgraſs, latchet, or other petty thing, in a lin to that Rote, which diſdains the dominion of Reaſon.
gual, or tongue-like form ; was originally lingula, The s of inſula and iſºla pretended uſe in the iſle
a lingule or tonguelet; and ſuch continued the literal of France; and thence, without pretence or oppo
diminutive. Ages after diſtinction had dropped the fition, invaded the iſle of Britain. Befide prolon
liquid in the figurative ſenſes, was that dental reve ging the vowel, it begged to proxy the z of vex,
rentially preſerved alſo in ligula, the ligule; by ſuch with the ce of vicecomes, in viſcomte ; and was re
etymologiſts, as deemed it equally eſſential, where ceived with open arms by a Britiſh Viſcount. French
no part of the eſſence; that is, of the ſound. If our Orthography ſubſtituted a circumflex, in ile and v1.
critic pronounced thoſe grammarians ignorant, who conte, even to the plauſible radical; which, defying
thought themſelves more than commonly knowing, at once Engliſh Analogy and Utterance, muſt quit,
and more than mortally brave, for maintaining an with better cauſe, our ile and vicount.
exiſtence that was paſt, and denying an exiſtence But, if one tongue were, as no tongue can be, de
that was preſent; for thus flying in the face of that pendant on another ; no plea, either of parentage or
Analogy, or harmonious Pračtice, which Martial intrinſic power, have foreign and ſovereign, to uſurp
knew as well as ever did Horace, to be the unerring the place of forain (if not ſorrain) and ſeverain; the
potentate of ſpeech: what would he have thought obvious children of forain and ſouverain; the latter
of thoſe, who either brought into a language, or of ſovrano, as the former of foraneus. The French
kept in it, letters not onely ineffective and uſeleſs, parents were, poſſibly between three and four centu
but often unetymological, and always embarraſſing; ries ago, written foraing, ſouveraing; when the
who labored to explode or exclude original and in French un was ung, as the naſal ſeemed to require.
diſpenſable repreſentatives or ſupporters of invaria Dignari and fingere, daigner, and dédaigner (once
ble ſound; or, who were fond to employ certain deſdaigner); frignant, not feindre (tho' once per
ſymbols, announcing one reality, where another muſt haps feingdre); campagna; campagne, with Cham
be expected To the firſt of the three claſſes be pagne, tho’ not Campania ; have an indiſpenſable li
longed lingula, where become ligula. Yet both re quefier. So, undoutedly and indubitably, is b an
mained, tho’ the literal rare, in their reſpective de eſſential as effective articulation of debere and dubi
partments. In ancient days was not ſeen, what in tare, debitum, and debitor; débiter and débit, of da
no days has been heard, the n of the Cumbrian Pen bius and dubious; dubietas, dubiété, and dubiety. No
rith. Modern learning holds antiquity ignorance, pretence, either of eſſence or uſe, claims the there
who knew no better than to ſay the truth, or to fore embarraſſing as unnatural figures of deign, ſeign,
draw pićtures after realities. But in Engliſh, never campaign, champaign; more than thoſe of diſaeign,
could be effective the n of government, however eſ feignt; of pleign and atteign (from plaindre, and
ſential to its parent gouvernement : yet Analogy ſuf plangere, attrindre and attingere) or than thoſe of the
fers little from that radical. In Engliſh never was intolerable as impracticable debt and debtor, doubt
& a conſtituent of det or dout, more than p of receit. and doubter; with their families: for dain, fein,
Receipt is now indeed as antiquated, as debt or doubt campain, ſharpain ; with diſłain, fºnt; plain and
muſt become, when Reaſon guides equally the pen. attain; det, dettor; dout, douter; and the reſt. If
Some centuries ago were they imported from recepte, reign be indulged, on the petty plea of eye-ſervice,
debte and doubre ; which viſual forms deformed and with the liquefier of regne, as well as the native ſer
belied the French language, almoſt to the beginning ‘vile; no law, forain or domeſtic, can vindicate ar
of the laſt century, that ſhe began to ſeek and find raign for arrain; more than arragat, for arrant.
Analogy. This produced Orthography, and with While ſuch intruders have been hugged; indiſpen .
her, the juſt pićtures, as well of the triſyllable re fable both effectives and quieſcents, have been by
cette, as of the diſyllable dette, doute. Our receit is many dropt with like zeal and knowledge. The laſt
word
oN M A R T I A L. 557
word in the feeble ſyllable, requires no more d than (VII. xlvii. 24.). In this idea, one reading of the
college; but the latter of alledge, being the enforced latter line might be rendered:
fyllable, cannot drop the inſertive (d), without But now the relics leave the broom to play.
changing the vowel it muſt guard ; more than ledge, CLIII. i. —- Long-beard: V. lxxxiv. lxxxv.
Iodge, or judge: etymology being abſolutely forain — ii. —- Sleep : whether as pouch or pillow.
to the purpoſe; and the Engliſh ſound of alledge and CLIV. ii. — Timbrel: VI. i. 46. 21. 545.
its family, totally unconnected with all-gare, all CLV. i. —- The mighty mother: 484.
guer, allegatio; nay with allegiance, as much as with al CLVI. ii. —- The primal pipe : 487.
legation; or with alléger, allege, loge, or juge, as with CLVII. ii. —- 7 winling flutes. The flute diffe
legere, locare, or judex. red from the pipe ; in make, rather than material;
They that diſmiſs proper ſervants, are apt to re which was reed, box, horn, bone, or braſs;
tain the pernicious. The ſame pen writes blackſmith tongued, or tongueleſs; fingle or double; on the
and horſeback; uſeful and recal; for blacſmith and horſe right and left. -
bac; which, being ſufficient, are more defenſible than CLVIII. i. — 7%e magic eff: I. ii. 6. 480.
their fimples, back and black; where bac and blac CLXI. i. 431. Crokers : diſputed. III. lxii. 8.
might ſuffice. On the other hand, if full, and call, CLXII. i. —- The Heroe, and the Sapient : A
be juſt ; uſefull, and recall, are indiſpenſable. chilles and Ulyſſes.
The feeble final our, is at length. dropping the CLXIV. ii. —- The firſt tablet : the fronti
idle u from authour, labour, inferiour; now author, ſpice. III. IX.
labor, inferior, with their fellows. But other mutes, CLXVI. i. —- The youthfull theme; Cynthia,
more deſtructive, remain: the a, in many beſide really Hoffilia; as ſaid Propertius, of Achilles :
read the paſt of read, lead the metal, dealt, meant His theme ow'd the Meonian Muſe no more,
and cleanſe; e, the former ſervile of fleece and Greece, Than the Meonian Muſe her theme before.
and falſe ſervile of vineyard or farewel; the i of CLXVII. i. 432. Tyrant : Delia (Tib. I. 5), by
juice, and nuiſance; the o of leopard, and jeopardy; the Martial named figuratively Nemeſis.
u of guard; for red, led, delt, ment, clenſe; fece, Grece; CLXIX. i. -- There are who—Quintilian: X. i.
vinyard, farwel; juce, nu/ance; gard, as regard. Mean Not Martial : IV. i. 11, and following.
time have vaniſhed, ſoon to return, the neceſſary a CLXXI. i. —- The lengthen’d way. III. vii. 2.
of boaſt, e of onely, u of wrauth; and the like. CLXXII. ii. —- Enormous Livy. Of 14o books, a
Leſs numerous is the third claſs: the ſymbols, that bove 1 ooloſt, leave one of the largeſt works of antiquity.
miſrepreſent ſound. Of this however is the 4 (for ty CLXXIII. i. —- Criſpus : Salluſt, the contraſt
in ſubtle, as well as the o (for a) in thought, and its of Livy; and ſo the favorite, not onely of Mar
companions; duly painted by (a no-blind) Milton, tial, but of Quintilian. II. 6. IV. 2. Seneca, De
and many before him; ſuttle, thaught, and ſo clam. III. Controv. V. 25. Tacitus, Hiſt. III.
forth. But too numerous are all three claſſes, for Velleius Paterculus, Hiſt. II. and others.
Preſent diſcuſſion ; and too important, not to claim CLXXIV. i. --- The verſe: II. lxvi. laſt. Ano
a ſeparate treatiſe, which they have not claimed in ther reading would run :
Waln. The verſe, that bids the ſervent waters flow,
Will, better than themſelves, their virtue /how.
CXLIV. ii. -— Why? From primal ſhape. CLXXV. 433. Piétory : winged; a laurel, in
CXLVI. i. -- Holm: meaſure, or rule, divided the right; in the left, a palm.
into feet and inches. - - -
1. -- Rhines renown. I. i. 5. 3.
CXLVIII.ii. –– Prometàean. IF. lxxiv. 5 : 533. ii. —- Ten Falernians : VII. lxxiii.
CXLIX. ii. —— Purple throng: I. ii. 9. 49 I.
lxxiv. lxxx. 548.
CLIT. i. 430. Whe beeſºm, formerly made of palm CLXXVI. ii. —- Egis : I. i. 8. 4. 473.
branches; grew in value, as in need, with the growth CLXXVII. — Corinthian: of Corinthian
of luxury. The teſſelated pavements, were often to , braſs, deſcribed by Pliny, XXXV. 9. and ſung by
be picked, rather than ſwept, after entertainments, Theocritus, XXV.
CH,XXVIII.
- *
558 c o M M E N T
CLXXVIII. —- Hercules, in clay : by the ſame band, and left him her heir: no wonder he wor
[Turianus], ſays Pliny, XXXV. 12. ſhipped the candleſtic.
CLXXIX. —- Sauroãonor, the lizzard-ſlayer; a CLXXXVIII. i. —- The heads like that of the
youth with an arrow, laying wait for a lizzard ; by lady, whom Juvenal celebrates (Sat. VI.) prophe
Praxiteles: Pliny, XXXIV. 8. tically of theſe days:
CLXXX. —- Brutus' pigmy • III. xxviii. xxix. Andromache aſcends, if front you mind:
CLXXXI. ii. --- Th’Ebalian ; Hyacinth (X. Who's leſs, than the Pygmean laſt, behind P
xxxiii. 2) ſon of Amyclas, founder of the Laconian ii. —- Aftyanax : VII. lxxi. laſt.
Amyclae ; who is called the ſon of Lacedemon, the CLXXXIX. —- The targuet, ſmaller, and ſo
ſon of Semele ; and, in Moſes’ time, founder of La leſs fenfible, than the ſhield, ſufficed however (502)
cedemon. Ebalia, * Peloponneſian, and Taren the Amazonian and Thracian ; who were the beſt
tine, was named from Ebalus, ſon of Argulus, gladiators, and ſo forain to the preſent epigram.
king of Laconia. The Hyacinth, painted by Nicias CXC. —- The Fool: VI. iii. 51. 4. lxiv. 17.
the Athenian (Pliny,XXXV. 11.) ſo caught Auguſ CXCI. 435. The Ceſius : I. iii. 22. laſt. II.
xviii. laſt.
tus, when he took Alexandria, that he brought
the pićture with him; and Tiberius afterwards CXCII. i. —- Cythera’s ne&#ar: Hor. Od. I.
conſecrated it, in Auguſtus' temple. So Julius, on xiii. 15.
the death of Phryne, the favorite of Praxiteles, CXCIV. i. —- The keen conf: one of the
bought of the Theſpians, for 8oominaes of gold, chief inſtruments of ſmoothing the Papyrus (XV.)
(2400 p.ſ.) the Cupid that artiſt had held his maſ. called the Mareotic bark, as abounding on the lake
terpiece. Every genius, peculiarly Martial, has Mareotis, that waſhes Alexandria on the South.
glowed with Ovid's ſentiment: Another Mareotis, named likewiſe Marmarica, was
The arts ingenuous touch a ſoul divine; that part of Libya, now Barca.
Forbid all fierceneſs, and each grace refine. CXCV. -- The Secretary: painted by Auſo
nius, in his 138 Epigram:
CLXXXII. i. —- Danae, ſhut up, for whatever
Beloved boy, whoſe fingers fly,
cauſe, by her father Acriſius, could not exclude
My cunning artiſt, hither hy.
Jove deſcending thro’ the roof, in a golden ſhower.
The iſſue was Perſeus ; who, with his mother, caſt The fineſt feelings of my breaſt,
into the ſea in a box, (that is, a bark,) were wafted Scarce utter'd, has the wax poſſeſt.
from the Argive to the Daunian (Neapolitan) coaſt. --
Brought by a fiſher (by the captain) to Pilum From natures grace, thy talent flow'd ;
nus, the princeſs caught the king ; who ſent her A bounteous God the boon beſtow'd :
ſon for education, to Polyde&tes, the hard-hearted The words unſpoke, that thou divine;
king of Seriphus (473). And that thy ſentiments be mine.
CLXXXIII. 434. Europa 514.
CXCVII. ii. —- A marmoſet : leſs like man. So
CLXXXIV. —- Leander: I. ii. 42. 499. Ennius, of the female :
CLXXXV. i. -- He, the ſon of Mercury and
How like, alas ! to human ſhape,
Venus, entered the fountain of Salmacis: II. xxxi.
The vileſt earthly brute, the ape
17. III. lxxv. 10,528.
To this ſpecies belongs the Ooran-ootang, or ba
CLXXXVI. i. —- A red Batavian : LX.
boon ; called by the ancients Cynocephalus or Dog
CLXXXVII. i. —- Prometheus (II. lxxiv.) revi
head, having a head ſomewhat reſembling a dog's:
ved, had molded this figure of the deformed fuller
Pliny XI. Ioo.
Clefippus ; whom (Pliny, XXXIV, 3) Gegania
CXCVIII. ii. —- Golden climes: V. xxxii. 3.
bought with the candleſtic, for which ſhe paid fifty
CXCIX. i. 436. The trim hunter: II. cxli.
thouſand (513) ſeſterces. She made him her huſ
CCI. i. —- A pup : IV. i. 44.
* Some bring Ebalia from Ebalus, ſon of Cynortar, CCV. i. — I gratulate: IV. ii. 36. 6. VIII.
Hyacinth's brother, who reigned at Amyclae. i. 21. 13.
CCVI.
f
º
eN M A R T I A L. - 559
home; nor had ſo completely ſaid, when the bird
©CVI. i. - Saluting raven. Auguſtus, retur
ning from the viðory of Aëtium, was met, amid ſubjoined: Alas ! I have loft my labor. Ceſar, bur
the multitude, by a man holding a raven, that diſ fling into a laugh, ordered home the deſpondent ;
tinétly articulated, Hail, Ceſar, vićtoriok, ! The and paid a higher price than any before.
viàor gave for the bird, zo,ooo feſterces (513). His One other ſaluter, it is impoſſible to ſuppreſs. As
partner in the device, ſharing none of the money, the emperor deſcended often from his palace, a
aſſured Ceſar, that the ſame man had another bird e Greekling uſed to ply him with honorary epigrams
qually marvellous; and begged leave to fetch it. Auguſtus' patience could not hold out: he penned a
The new-comer croked : Hail, Antony, vićtorious ! Greek epigram; and, feing the poet, as uſual, a
Auguſtus ordered the confederates to divide the coming ; ſent his own poetry, to ſtop the advance
ſum. Saluted, in like manner, by a Parrot, the of any other. The bard began to read, to praiſe, to
emperor wondered leſs ; but bought him. Admiring admire, to extol, with voice and geſticulation. AP
a fimilar phraſe from a magpy, he could not but proaching Ceſar's litter, he put his hand into a
purchaſe her. Apoor cobbler thought he had better very light purſe ; and, pulling out a few pence,
rear a raven. Whether the maſter or ſcholar proved preſented them to the imperial Author, with theſe
leſs apt; the former often, after a toil beyond that words: By thine all of happy, Q Auguſtus ; if I had
of ſhoe-mending, would cry out: Alas ! I have lºft more, I would give more. Ceſar quaſhed the riſing
my labort At length however (ſuch thy power, Q laugh, by calling his Purſe-bearer; and ordered (ſays,
Perſeverance 1) Auguſtus, paſſing one day, heard Macrobius, Sat. II. 4) 100,ood,ooo of ſeſterces to
this bird alſo ſqueeze out the compliment. Oh re the ingenious and ingenuous Greek.
turns the ſmiling emperor, I have ſaluters enough at
COMMENT oN M A R T I A L.
B O O. K. XII.
oN M A R T I A L. 561
lers) who ment the viſit to the knocker. But ſelf LXV. i. — Millions, indefinite : literally, a
denial's convenience is not yet complete, more than thouſand times a hundred thouſand, a hundred mil
her benevolence. That her benefit may the better lion of ſeſterces (513. 522). V. lxvi.
catch the community, it begins with peculiar cha LXVI. ii. — Golden ſhow’rs : V. xiv. xxvii.
rity, at home. From the head or heads of the houſe, XI. clxxxii. -
it neceſſarily deſcends to the children and the ſer LXVII. i. — 1%ur wrauth : VII. xviii.
vants. The former learn to ly, before they can LXIX. ii. 448. Anteek: VII. lxxi. VIII. i. 14.
ſpeak; the latter, trained to violate principle in one LXX. ii. —- Therms : VI. i. 5.7.
(and that a fundamental) inſtance ; will not long LXXI. i. —- A pound: VIII. i. 13.
regard it in any other. Law pronouncing, what one LXXIII. i. —- Diodore litigates : V. vi. xxxvii.
LXXV. ii. —- He ows alone : V. l.
docth by another, one docth by one’s ſºf; is the reverſe
LXXVI. i. —- Cinna : V. liii. and fo!.
of rigorous. He, who does good by another, does
at leaſt double ſervice ; he, who does evil by ano LXXVII. i. 449. Poverty : V. lxxxiii. VII. li.
X. cvi.
ther, is more than doubly criminal : he contracts
much more than double guilt, without imparting LXXIX. i. —- 7 he poor a retreat. The rich u
ſingle innocence. By countenance, or by command, ſed, among other ſtructures, to rear a cell for the
he involves, not onely the inſtrument, but the imi poor : for receiving either the needy, or ſuch lower
tator; proportionably, all who ſee and approve, gueſts, as they choſe not to admit into higher apart
ments. V. xxxix.
or not oppoſe : while he is, like a man of honor,
modeſtly reddy, to ſend his beſt friend; if not go LXXX. i. —- Linus : V. xlvii. li. VI. i. 43.
without, or along with him; before the Author and LXXXI. ii. — 7 wice : V. xxxvii. I. iii. 13. 4.
LXXXII. ii. — Matho : IV. ii. Io.
Arbiter of Truth, for the moſt diſtant imputation of
LXXXIV. i. —— Nomentan : II. cxviii. V. i. xliii.
a ly. II. i. 5. V. xii. 12. -
LV. 446. Ponticus : IV. ii. 12. LXXXV. ii. 450. Egs will commence. This ſeems
— ii. —- What he can't ſay, by all is ſang; by more conſonant, than the vulgar interpretation, to
Juvenal at leaſt (IX) : *.
our poet’s idea; as well as to the Roman (very na
tural) manner of beginning with egs, and ending
Doſt dream the rich can any ſecret keep with apples: whence Horaces proverbial, From eg
Were ev'ry ſlave or tongueleſs, or aſleep; to apple.
* The truth the nags would neigh, the dogs would bark: LXXXVI. ii. -- Inſºnſible : VIII. i. 17.
The poſts would paint it, or the marbles mark. LXXXVII. ii. —- Selling : II. iv. III. lxii.
LXXXVIII. i. —- Sad : VIII. i. 8.
LVI. i. —- The branded boy (VI. i. 33), that
LXXXIX. ii. —- Take on : V. lxxvi.
ſav'd his baniſht lord, named by Macrobius (Sat. I.
XC. i. —- On thee : III. xxviii.
11) and others, Antius Reſºio ; thus branded by his
deliverer, whoſe marks are eraſed by his revenge. XCI. ii. —- Softbian ; li.
LVII. i. —- A fool : XI. cxc. V. v. lxxx. XCII.ii. — Unleſ; I read—thy will, unaltera
LIX. i. —- Blue driver : I. ii. 9. 491. ble. V. lxx. and following.
LX. ii. — Ocean : III. xxiii. 16. VI. i. 19.4. XCIII. ii. 451. He had merited more—diſappoint
LXI. i. 447. Dedal: 491, 499. Lucanian, VIII. ment: for, tho’ the legatee had beſtowed much more
i. 19.8. 549. than he inherited ; the bequeather had, in ſquande
LXII. i. — His greater : I. ii. 46. 6. 515. ring his fortune, done juſtice, at leaſt, to the bai
ter. V. lxxvi. VI. ii. 16.
LXIII. ii. —- Lighteſt mold : IX. xviii. laſt.
xxiv. 2. - - -
XCVI. i. —- In the bath, the rich treated their
fellow-bathers.
LXIV. i. —- Fannius Cepio, proſcribed for con
ſpiracy againſt Auguſtus, left he ſhould be put, put XCVII. i. —- Ne'er ſips : VII. vii. xiii. xiv.
XCVIII. i. —- 1%u invite : VII. xviii. and fol.
himſelf, to death. Leſs contemptible perhaps, tho’
no leſs criminal; the condemned, who execute them XCIX. i. —- 7hou bidſ . V. iv. VII. xliii.
'clves. II. ii. laſt. 524. C. ii. —- Mongrels : VI.iii. 64, pen.
C c c c - CI,
562 - C O M M E N T
CI. i. 452. 7'ou give: VI. i. 7.8. CXXXII. i. —- Thou once ſaw'ſ me: II. xxi.
CII. i. —- To the boys ; who ſtood at the feet. ant.
CIII.i. —- The hare not done º VII. lii. CXXXIII. i. 456. Thou wrapp'ſ : VI.ii. 12, 19.
CIV. i. -- Frugal and ſober: VI. i. 14. 15. CXXXIV. ii. — Beſhaft - VII. xlviii. 1.
CV. ii. -- The ſober gown: having no other. CXXXV. i. —- Perfumer. The Greek word
VI. i. 32. XI. i. may intimate, not onely a minion of Coſmus, but a
CVI. ii. — A cook he made : VII. liv. man of the world; and ſo the diſtic would be:
CVII. i. — Tucca : III. xxxiv. xxxv. A member of mankind thou’rt underſtood :
CVIII. i. —- The ſportule : V. i. and fol. Yet, Semp, the members may be bad or good.
CX. i. 453. Without a Boar: VII. xxxi. VI. i.
14. I5.
or Coſmetic might preſerve the pun.
CXI. i. -- Marul or Marullus : perhaps brother Thou a Coſmetic would'ſt be underſtood :
to Marulla : VI. iii. 64. Coſmetics, Tucca, may be bad and good.
CXII. i. —- The peals : II. cxxvii. 58. III. vi. CXXXVII. i. —- I love thee not : VII. xlviii.
7. CXXXVIII. i. —- The cheek: VI.ii. 5. and fol.
CXIII. i. —- Left worth he praiſe : III. xxii. CXXXIX. i. -- Preſent’ſ in the original, pro
VI. ii. 3o. pin'ſ. To propine was literally to ſp befºre preſen
CXIV. i. — The Keian: VI. i. 9. 4. X. cxi. ting: a freedom the higher ſometimes vouchſafed to
CXV. i. —- In glaſ; - V. xliv. 3. VII. lxx. take.
CXVI. —- Cinna: lii. lxxvi. lxxvii. CXL. i. -- Rings : A knight (519) who had
CXVIII. i. 454. All promiſe: VII. lxiv. ſquandered his fortune, was obliged to lay down his
CXIX. i. — Fabullus : VI. i. 25. ii. 43. iii. ring. Laſt of all, goes the ring — ſays Juvenal : not
15. 26.44. VII. 21. 35. ſurely of our Macer, II. cxxi. cxxii. but of a name
CXXI. i. —- The right of three : I. iii. 9. Io. adapted to the ſhrivelled charaćter.
CXXIV. i. —- Eyeleſ, Aſper, like Juvenal’s CXLI. i. 457. Redhair’d. Pulius happily implies,
(IV. 1 14.) Catullus Meſſalinus: what an ingenuous countenance more or leſs muſt,
the meaning. But looks may be miſinterpreted; nor
Who inly burn'd, for her he never ſaw. can features aſcertain, tho’ they may announce, the
charaćter.
CXXV. i. 455. Thou ft/?: VI.iii. 31.
CXLIII. i. —- Cenſure : I. iii. 2. and fol.
CXXVI. ii. —- I cannot live : as Ov. Eleg. Am.
III. Io. CXLVII. i. —- Thy litter: cxxx.
CXLVIII. i. —- Seven ſons : I.iii. 9. Io.
Thy morals I abhor, their miſtreſs love. CXLIX, i. 458. The god: Saturn. VIII. i. 1,
So nor without, nor with thee can I live— ii. -- The rings - from a ſlave, a
CXXVII. ii. — A funnel : Atheneus, X. 13. knight. VI. i. 34. VII. lxxxv.
Zoilus, a ſophiſt of Amphipolis, near Philippi,
XI. I. 5. 26. on the confines of Thrace and Macedon, was not af
CXXIX. i. —- Lettuce — Mallows: VII. lxxxii.
fraid to criticiſe either Homer or Plato. Their ob
T 1. 17.
vious, and univerſally allowed, merit, kindled that
CXXX. i. —- On eight : VI. i. 38. So Perſius,
indignation, which has ſhown as little candor, as
III.
ever could his criticiſms. Unconſcious probably
The man were mad, would mad Oreſtes ſwear. of malevolence, as of miſconſtruction; Zoilus repai
red to Alexandria, with his Homeric ſtričtures:
CXXXI. i. —- Oppian (VI. ii. 15.) would lay
which he red, or recited, to Ptolemy Philadelphus.
paleneſs on ſtudy. So Perfius V. as Horace, Epiſt. I.
xix. 17.
The king was too knowing, not to honor Homer;
and too much maſter of himſelf, to make the critic
}
Thus folly bears the wretched mimics off: any anſwer. The latter had patience, as well as re
Did I look pale, they’d bloodleſs cummin quaff. ſolution: but neceſſity preferred, at length, a plea
to
oN M A R T I A L. 563
to Philadelphus. His majeſty now fignified, that, lute the balm, where its purity is due. IV.i. 44. ii.
Homer having many centuries ſupported many thou 36. 3.
ſands; Homer's greater could be at no loſs to ſup CLXXII. i. — Mak'ſ’s VI. iii. 26. 27. 44.
port himſelf, and all his partiſans. This muſt be CLXXIV. i. 461. Gold: VI. i. 29. laſt. .
from Ptolemy (and perhaps to him, 483.) ſufficient CLXXV. ii. -- Gown : III. xxxiii. 9. 537.
crucifixion. Other croſs therefore, ſtones, or fire, CLXXVII. ii. —- Fabullus ; czix. Them has a
have been inflićted onely by ſuch commentators, as After; ſo had Am : VI. ii. 49. Themiſon was, in
make Jephthah's daughter a literal burnt-offering. Pompeys time, the head of a ſe&t in medicine : here
CLI. i. —— Thou, Senia, ſay’ſ VI, ii. 30. he is a leader in morality.
CLIV. i. —- At the Coloſ; , I. ii. 2. 1. CLXXVIII. i. —- Polla ; not Lucan's : IV. i.
I I. w /
CLVI. i. —- The tiny 7 hais : VI. ii. 53.
CLVII. i. 459. The one-ey’d Thais : VI.ii. 40. CLXXIX. ii, -— 7% huſband : VI.ii. 57. iii. 55.
CLX. i. —- Leucania’s ‘white : III. xxxix. 3. CLXXXII. ii. 462. Mute: ſo Horace:
CLXI. i. —- Teeth and hair : VI. iii. 39. 41. —nor toil; the fourth to talk.
CLXII. i. —- The clime, where golden trº/rs CLXXXIII. i. —- He was . VI. iii. 55.
grow ; the North : here Germany. This color was CLXXXIV. i. — The law: VI.iii. 57. revi.
ved.
affected at Rome, by the looſe ; black, by the la
dies. VI. 3. 9. 43. CLXXXV. i. —- Eunucs : VI.iii. 64. laſt.
CLXIII. i. —- Fabby : III. xxxvi. VI, iii. 8. CXCI. ii. 463. Arch Aper: VI. i. 14. Many
11. 47. and fol. xiii. xiv. are the ways of ſhooting, unarrained; as ſome have
CLXIV. i. —- One-ey’d Lycori; ; VI.iii. 18. 19. died for murder, of which they were never guilty.
'likes the lad of Troy: I. Ap. xiv. 10. 524 clvii, above. CXCII. i. -- ??u never do : VI.iii. 38.
CXCV. i. —- Deny: VI.iii. 47.
CLXV. ii. 460. O that ; in the ſtile of Dioge
nes, -
CXCVII. ii. 464, Bluſheſ? - VI. iii. 1. a com.
traſt.
CLXVII. i. -- Philenis : VI. iii. 16. 17. IX. CXCVIII. i. —- Seven : VI. ii. xlvii.
xxxiii.
CXCIX. i. — Enricht : IX. xxix. xxx.
CLXVIII. i. - ?ears,—as hairs : VI. ii. 20.
CCI. ii. —- Brib'd : clxiv.
CLXIX. i. — What papa’s and mama's Z Ridi CCII. i. —- Wenus : VI. ii. 39.
culous, as infancy in age, is age in infancy. Na CCIII. i. —– Oakling: II. cxiv. 2. No Roman
ture, who has her ſtile for every period, muſt not tragedy has come down. Apelles : II. lviii, laſt.
be ſtifled, in the birth of innocence ; in that uni CCIV. i. — Turnus : II. lxv. 1 o. ciii.
verſal as untaught voice, which coming from the CCV. ii. 465. julius Rufus : whether the Socra
heart goes ſo ſweetly to it; and which is (alas!) in tic ſatyriſt mentioned by Pliny (Epiſt. V. 21. VII.
ino danger of too long continuance, in a world of art. 25,); or another among Satyrs, of whom are many
That theſe are the ſentiments of our tender bard, figurative, in all cities: and, of whoſe ſtatues, was
the ſteddy foe of affectation ; whoever has ears to a groop, in the eighteth region of Rome.
hear, and heart to feel, muſt perceive in every ſtan
CCVI. ii. —- Burn Phaeton : Met. II. Pliny, :
za, as well as in I. iii. 3. 4. 5. VI. iii. 7. IX. xxi. XXXV. I 1.
CLXXI. ii. —- No wonder—the ſentiment had CCVII. i. -- Art ; of high relief, invented by
been as much more juſt, as leſs ſevere—if thy lips re Phidias.
fle& the dung. But this, nearer truth, might have CCVIII, i. -- Mentor: VI.i.26. zo.
been more offenſive. Safety lay therefore in the hy CCIX. i. — Antee; ; VII. lxxi.
perbole. However the poet did expreſs, or ought to CCX. i. -- Why name : VI.iii. 43. 11.
have expreſſed himſelf; he will at leaſt be forgiven CCXI. i. — My dear friend: II. lxxxviii.
for hinting, that the vouchſafement of the lips, to CCXII. ii. —- Palinurus is as well known, as
certain favorite animals, is no proof of humanity: the (V) Eneid. But a little acquaintance with
as it cannot encreaſe their happineſs; and may pol the Greek throws additional light on this, the two
C cc c 2 former;
|
564 C O M M E N T, &c.
former; and a few ", beſide the four following diſ prompted by the coincidence of call and command,
tics. in pſarvaxi, Miſtylle; it was no leſs jocularly poſſible to
CCXIII. i. 466. Bacchus was, we know (478), make of the four following petty words, Páez +&xxx
named Bimater, as Apººrwe, Double-mother, from (and ſo the reſt) the tetraſyllable Taratalla : a
Semele, and the thigh of jove; which is one of My name as ſignificant, in Latin, as the other.
thology's groteſk figures for the womb of Providence. CCXVI. ii. — Tºy 3 &rapsiC3p.svos, 7 on d'apamei
She is always however civiller to Jupiter, than to Ju bomenos ; Him anſwering, or To him replying: a
no : 507. 514. - frequent recurrence in the native fimplicity of Ho
CCXIV. i. —- Thee, Pollux : a verſe, which mer; and which Virgil, as familiarly renders, Quem
Homer repeats (Il. III) from Orpheus: contra : To whom again. If repetition, as employed,
f
Káorogó. Sºrèzuoy, was ºrºž 37.2%, IIoxv?idx=z. may be beautifull or abominable; why may not I
too, argues our bard, repeat a favorite theme, to
Caſor, alert, to tame the ſoming ſteed ;
which I always give a new dreſs?
And Pollux, ſtrong, to deal the manly deed.
CCXVII. i. —- A thouſand : indefinite, as the
So aroſe Pyxagathus and Hippodamus : IV. i. 27.37. Latin hundred, three hundred (III. iv. i. rendered leſs
476. 504. The lady, beſtowing on her champion, definite, VII. 21. 1.) or ſix hundred, in which the
the fortune (516), raiſed him to the dignity, of a Romans couched any unmeaſured (522) number.
knight; and, from the bruiſer, turned Achillas, to ii. -- Stuff: literally evil; whether
the heroe on horſebac. - -
I N D E X
Ocean 515. i. 12 Tethys 515. i. 12
I. AN c1ENT M Y T H o Lo G Y. 491. i. 15 491. i. 14
Nereus 53o. i. 49 Doris 53o. i. 4o
Go D. s and Go D. D. E S S E s. 515. i. 14 515. i. 15
pa. Col. Triton -— i. 19 Thetis ––– 13
pa. col. li. 1.
ANUS 474, ii. 18 Veſta 472. i. 34 471. 1.4
518. ii. 44 Galatea 515. 1. 14
523. ii. 27 Palemon 498. ii. 28 Leucothoe 498. ii. 26
Saturn 474. ii. 20 Cybele 484. ii. 16
Portunus -- - - Leucothea -- - -
3. Other Agents of M x t Ho Lo G Y.
Cadmus -— i. 33 fºi, ... ii. §
- -- Semele 477. ii. 45
18
Echion 48o. ii. 44 Agave 48o. ii. pen.
Cyclops 482. i. 4o Muſes 470. i. Pentheus — — pen.
Centaurs 493. 1ſ. 23 Graces 520. ii. 14. Aćteon 481. i. 20
5oo. 1. 42 Gorgons 26
473, 1. Acriſius 473. i. 42
Lapiths -- - - Hours 52 I. 1. 4o
Pilumnus 8. i. 31 Danae . i. 1
Giants. Heſperides
Enceladus 501. i. 12 Fates
491. ii • 5
52 I. 1. 4.
Polydeğtes
Eetes
55* - ;
471. i. 26
473 5
Typhoeus 482. i. 2 Fortunes 471. i. I5
Typhon -— - 3 Harpies 495... I3 494. i. 6
479. i. 18 Furies
Egeus 495.11. 32 Medea 495. ii. 33
52O. 11. 35
Athamas 493. ii. ant. Nephele 493. ii. 44
roºtion #3 496. ii. 35 Ino — — pen.
phy %.”
orphyrion 2 - 11.
- 498. ii. 19 Helle 494. i. i
Phrixus 494. i. 1 Chalciope 497. i. 16
Cerberus 5oo. ii. 28 Pirithous 5oo. i. pen. Hippodame 5oo. ii. 3
503. ii. 35 Aidoneus 5oo. ii. 31
507. 1. 40
- 503. ii. 3o. Proſerpine 50o. ii. 33
Griffin 5oz. ii. note 1 Alcinous 532. i. 5
Phenix 481. ii. 19 *
- - Nauſicae 532. i. 7
Python 486. ii. 25 Icarius 529. 1, 5
Ulyſſes 47 i. i. 42 Penelope 529. i. 5
Inſtruments. Circe 471. i. 31
Caduceus 488. ii. 12 Egis 473. i. 13 Telegonus 471. i. 44
Thyrſe 479. i. 32 Palladium 472.1. 33 528. i. 22
Ceſtus 52O. 1. 42 518. ii. 39 Calypſo 474. i. 16
Auſon 474. i. 15
ºu. 538. i. 37
II. H E R of s and H E Ro IN E s. elops
Pliſthenes —- -
--
- -
31 Hippodamia
pp 53
& 38. i. 37
Atreus -- - 32 Erope -- - 36
Perſeus 473. i. 14 Andromeda 473. i. 36 Thyeſtes — — 35
Erythra 477. ii. 26 Tereus 53o. ii. 6 Progne 53o. ii. 7
Althea 492. i. 1 Tyndarus 541. ii. 2 Leda 541. ii. 2
Meleager 491. ii. ant. Atalanta 492. i. 14 476. ii. 9
Parthenopeus 492. i. 38 Caſtor -- - i.
Bellerophon 492. ii. 26 jobates’ dau. 493. i. 23 Pollux —— – 5
Laodamia - - -
26
494. ii. 14
Sarpedon 493. i. 27 504. 11. Pen.
Medea
Jaſon 493. 11, 9 495. i. 31
Hypſipyle 494. 11. 31 * His Labors :
Creuſa 2I
495. 11.
Orpheus 48o. ii. 6 Eurydice 48o. ii. 17 Amazon 5ol. i. 27 Arcad. Bear 565. ii. 11
538. i. 42 Anteus 504. i. 31 Diana's Hind 563. i. 24
Telamon 487. ii. pen. Heſione 487. ii. 41 Geryon —- 11. 3 505. ii. 17
494. ii. Io Eryx —- - 37 507. i. 33
Peleus —- - II Thetis 515. i. 13 Cacus SoS. 1. 15 Stymph. Bird, 5o;. ii. 24
Theſeus 499. ii. 39 Hippolyte 501. 1. 3o Achelous —— — 36 Hydra --
- - 39
Ariadne 499. ii. 4o Nemean Lion 487. ii. 20 Angean Stall 506. i. 14
Phedra 42 505. ii. Io Recapitulation -- - 24
Pollux,
-
T H E C O M M E N T. 567
Pollux 527. ii. 6 2. The ſeven Kings of Rome.
547. 1. 34 - * * * - -
Agamemnon 503. i. 26 Clytemneſtra 476. ii. 19 Romulus 482. ii. Io | Ancus Martius 515. i. 6
Oreſtes 503. i. 31 Iphigenia 503. i. 32
-- - 24 NumaPom-l514,
474.ii. Io || Tarquin
ii. 33 I. 519.
Servius Tullius 510. i.i. 23
17 |
º
Eteocles
-
- 11. I 2
Aſtymeduſa -- - 17
- -
Nerya
Trajan
B.'**P.
I A 5*3 || Conſtantine
Theodoſius 516.i.i.416
519.
Polynices —- - - Argia 5oo. 1. 29 Adrian 511. ii. 39 || Honorius 516. i. 8
5oo. 1. 31 Antonine -— — — - 19. i.
Hemon —- - 34 Antigone —- - - 519. 1, 44
Creon —- - 27 - 5. The Ptolemies of Egypt.
Pretus 492. 11. 27 Sthenobea 492. ii. 28 483. ii. 14
Zethes -— – 17 | Curtius 54o. i. 5 Horatians 519. ii. 17 | Scipio's 471. 11. 32.
Amphinomus 538. i. 25 | Anchurus -- - 14 Fabians 537. 11. I 3 - 523. ii. 16
Anapias -— – 26 || Codrus -— – 24 Camillus -— - 19 Metellians 472. 1. 32
Agathyrſus 479. ii. 34 || Memeceus — — 38 - 549.i.44 | Catoes 523. i. 34
Gelonus — - 37 Marſyas 487.i.4 Curius 537. ii. 24 | Pompey 539. 11. zo
Androgeos 499. ii. 24 || Midas -- - 12 Fabricius 523. ii. 18 483. ii. 32.
Hippolytus 590. i. 12 54o. i. 13 Cincinnatus 537..ii. 27
Phalanthus 526. ii laſt || Thoas 503. i. 22 - -
Cyaxares
"...
547. ii. 20
-- -
Minos 5 i I. ii.
499. 1. 31
I || ycurgus
Solon 527. —1. laſt
-— I 9. t
III. HIs To RI ca L G Roo Ps. E aClls
521. i. 36
-- - 37
| 509. i. 3o -->
s
-
*
1. The Founders of the fºur Monarchies. 9. Philoſºphers, contemporary and ſºcceſſive. -
Archelaus 51c. ii. 23 Arrian --- - 38 Acheruſia 503. ii. 9 Triton 549, i. 34
Pherecydes — — i. 25 Seneca — — — 41 Lerna 595. ii. ant. Mareotis 558. ii. 21
Pythagoras -— - 31 Thraſea 524. i. 21
Philolaus 5 i I. i. 14 Antiſthenes 5 12. i. 3 3. S T R A 1 r s.
Empedocles 481. ii. ant. Diogenes -- - 18
Sicilian 533. i. 17 Cimmerian 503. i. 40
Socrates 5 Io. ii. 20 Heraclitus -— - 28
5 i I. ii. pen. Democritus -— – 30 7%racian 498. ii. ant. Hercules'Pillars504.ii.29
Xenophon 5 Io. ii. 38 Epicurus -- - 45
Plato —— - 39 Pyrrho — ii. 29 4. Fo UN t A 1 N s.
Speuſippus 511. i. 34 Apicius -— - 46 Apon 545. ii. 19 Aganippe 47.o. ii. 28
Xenocrates I. -— – 35 whence
Academics 5 II. i. 31 Caſtalia 47.o. ii. 25 Pirene 493. i. 36
Xenocrates II. -— – 37 Hippocrene -— – 26 Acidalus 520. i. pen.
Polemon —— - 4o Peripatetics —— ii. 2
Ariſtotle -— - 41 Stoics -- - 19 Enippe -— - 27 Salmacis 528. i. pen.
Theophraſtus —— ii. 6 Cynics 512 i. 7 5. R 1 v E R s.
Zeno -- - 20 Epicureans —— ii. 6
M. Antoninus -— – 35 Skeptics -- - 31 Italian.
Epićtetus —— - 36 Tiber 524. ii. 20 | Padus — - 19
Anio -— i. pen. Tanarus 554, ii. 43
1o. Phyſicians. Almo 53o. ii. 3o Liris 528. i. 28
Eſculapius 542. ii. 5 Galen 542. ii. 5 Nar 531. i. 27 | Melphes 534, ii. 9
Hippocrates 541. i. 12 5 Io. i. 35 Rubicon -— - 39 || Ufens 47 I. ii. Io
Cremera 537. ii. 17 || Aufidus 554. ii. pen.
i 1. Poets, or Harmoniſłs. Timavus 526. ii. 34 || Cocytus 503. ii. 14
527. i. 29 531. ii. 1 1 || Galeſus 526. ii. ant.
Thaletas Parthenius 527. ii. 27 Vatrenus -— - 15 541. ii. 4
Arion 525. ii. 13 Pedo 536. i. 32
Simonides 527. ii. 7 Brutian —— ii. 28 Gallic.
Varro 548, ii. 29
499.1. 39
- -
V. °ontines re.
**I tars 491. i. 39 | Orcadº, 5°9. ii. 19
3: It A ty
*at Grece
R v19 R or
#74; ii.
5 ſo. ii. 6
Pannonia
E.
yſia
474. i. 3
... - 34
É;
ry
594. ii. 17 | 3a/
4/earer -- - 7
Sarmatia 73. ii. ant. Ebalia 541. ii. 2 5*5. i. 28 alamis 499. i. 9
A s 1 a. 5. Pacian.
482. ii. laſt | 497, ii. 9 Peuce 474. i. 32
Cilicia 491. i. 27 Cythia 498. i. note 4. 6. *kwetian.
ia *I. i. 36 ii -- -
*Phlagonia
...; 495. i
*- - 3. Chaldea T-, -ii.laſt
489. ; VII. M
* O*a/ax.
UN T A INS -
dd
57o I N D E X T O
Eta 547. i. 14 || Menalus 505. ii. 12 Chalcedon 498. ii. pen. Tanais 5ol. ii. 36
Thermopylae -— - 13 || Erymanthus - - - Ea 5oz. ii. laſt || Cimmerium 503. i. 47
Hemus 491. i. 18 || Taygetus -- - 21
Rhodope 527. ii. 3 5. Greek.
Othrys 474. ii. 14 | Tenarus 503. ii. 18
Hymettus 553. i. 18 Diéte 551. ii. 16 Byzantium 498. ii. ant. || Athens 471. ii. 26
Areopagus 551. ii. 31 || Ida 484. ii. 2O Conſtantinople—-pen. 527. i. ant.
Acrocorinthus 493. i. 37 505. i. 35 —— i. 3o || Marathon 499. i. 5
Nonacris 492. 1. 35 524. i. 12 Callipolis 499. i. 19 || Megara —— ii. 28
Seſtus -- - 2 | Eleuſis 508. ii. 4
3. Aftatic. Odryſa 474. ii. 12 || Corinth 499. i. Io
Abdera 491. ii. 19 || (in the Peloponne/e)
TAU R Us 497. i. ant. | Corax 498. ii. 7 Philippi 504. i. 15 | Elis 508. i. 25
498. ii. 2 | Ararat i.
-- 1. 6 539. ii. 26 || Olympia -- - -
X. Rom AN
- *Phitheater ...
°ºnstiturios. I' XHH, Ds
#: e
Endromis
S-8.
549. i. 17
Gown 74. i. 12 Tunic 491. ii. 23
* - Civil Robe -
£4.ii.i.169 || Shoe
516. - r 469. ºl. 14
§35.ii.
Senate 516. i. 12 | Queſtors 517. i. 32
atricians ºf | Proconſils
- -- - 37 Tunic 5oz. i. 46 Slippers 554, ii. 1;
*ſtript
edarian
Father, T-26 | Pro stors
-- ii. 8 #.
-- ~ */
---, 46
XIV.513. Mo
i. 9
N E Y.
Conſuls II - 23 J Edie, -— ii. 8
ićtator -- - 36 ºnvirs - 2I Weight 513. i. 11 Meaſure 5:3. i. 23
#.ofthehor:
retor-- - pen.}; nights 519.ii.ii.ant
°ntumvirs 5*4. 31 56o. i. I+.
I7. i.
ſ
can Tºº XV. TrM e.
* Religiour. 474. ii. 18
Augur 518. i. 18 Sali; 518. ii. 3 Hour, 534: i. 40 *arted days 532.i. #
4ruſpex -- - 23 *eciale, -- - 1; 477; i. 3 **. 11. I
Pontifex -- - 3o *Aatraz, -- - 17 521. i. 43 - 516. ii. 4
Flamen 472. i.i. 37
518. zo ƺulone,
Sodale, - - -- 31
-- 20 é.
Salen s 475. i. 44 Birthdays
- 532.
-- i. i. 18
37
'arificula 484,
• -
Salii
2" ii. 31 -- 42 | Veſtals
;1...1 ! •
Sibylines
-- - 38
519. i. 5 - #.
ar/?
*/ef 545.
2. 1.;hy #. i. #
i. 3;
; ii. ; %. f/x f 55o.
75. i.ii.1 7
!-- "
Primipile
- • Military.
54" ii.3.33Military
I Vine 550. ii. ant. Tºy
Ides
Nones
- ; -- ;
475.
of 7.6 st;”.
- 4
ii.
Pen.
;2 *64.
Lºffer *...",
526.
517. ii.i. 26
13
4.
D d did 2 -
3. VI.
572 I N D E X, &c.
XVI. R. E L I G 1 o N. XIX. M A N N E R s.
Purification 469. i. 1 || Vows 503. i. 26 Waſhing 469. ii. 3 Caſk, Opimian 543. i. 7.
:
Altar -- - I 2 541. ii. 6 Shoe-dropping –— – 9 Toaſting 548. i. 11
Sacrifice 506. ii. ant. Vail 546. ii. 21 Meals 547. i. 36 Roſe 547. i. 20
539. i. 19 | Bones 55o. i. zo Couches 545. ii. 29 Perfumer 555. ii. 28
Suavetaurilian 517. i. 24 Honors 551. i. 19 Sigma -— - 31 Stroker 548. ii. P3
Vows 520. i. 13 || Dreams 542. ii. ant. Tables -— – 30 Fool 558. ii. 13
534. ii. 34 Guſtatories 555. i. 23 Humor 472. ii. 4o
Caſk 534. i. 36 Chear . 54o. ii. 42.
548. ii. 5
XVII. L. A w.
XX. Le T T E R S.
Oracles: Three Sons 519. ii. 24
496. ii. 20 552. 11, 9
Sibylline 519. i. 7 || Deciſive ini-l 540.ii.35 542. ii. 1
Pythian 540, i. 7 | tials, or ſymboli ſ 515:ii.21
12 Tables 517. ii. 26 || Surety 542, ii. 29 Inſcriptions 537. ii. 43
}. law
ivorce
|
546. ii. 17 Compliment 549. i. 26
—— – 12 | Thanks 541 - 1, 31
54o. ii. 32
551. ii. 2
Orthography
Reeds
Papyrus
556. i. 3.
554. i. 8.
-— - 9.
Manumiſſion 537. ii. pen. I Statue -- - 23 Quantity 54i. ii. 41 Tablets 553. ii. 24
478. i. 3 Leaf 559. ii. 29.
531. 11. I Volume 526. ii. 3
XVIII. C U S T o M s. Number 520. ii. 32 Library 483. i...ant.
Stile :
535. 11. 4o
— vernacular 543. ii. 12 559; 11. 24
Compliments 554. i. 3 || Self-denial 560. i. ant. — Laconic 536. ii. 32 | 534. 11. ant.
Criticiſm 537. i. 5 || Tranſplantation 542.i.17 —ſufficient 476. i. zo
564. ii. laſt
In the Comment, the great numerals mark the Epigram; the ſmall the line. . In the references to the other
books, the great numerals mark the book ; the ſmall the Epigram; and the digits (or figures) the line.
Book I. being in three parts, with an Appendix; IV. in two, VI in three, and VIII. in two; the ſmall mu
merals ſpeak the parts; the figures the Epigrams, previous to their lines.
The Index to the Comment, in the three numerary columns, points the page, column, and line. Nor
muſt it be omitted, that pen, abbreviates penult or penultimate, the laſt but one ; ant. antepenult or antepenulti
mate, the laſt but two. While Perſpicuity requires every aid, the knowing will be the firſt to forgive every not
negligent, if minute, ſuperfluity.
As
( 573 )
º
As one had better be ones own Critic, or even Hypercritic, than leave the ungratefull taſk to others: and,
as human accuracy is ; often, when moſt keen ; always, when moſt ſure, moſt fallible : Candor, being that
Charity, who thinketh no evil; nay, covereth the multitude of ſºns ; will conſtrue into no other cauſe than unre
mitted, or never unavailing endevor, the following liſt of amendments, and read;
In the Text:
page. book. part. epig. line.
5o I. Ap. Io 6 pageant things pageant-things
61 II. 2r 7 virgin porket virgin-porket
257 VI. i 26 8 iv'ry props iv’ry-props
64 II. 26 3 Phalantus Phalanthus * -
534
line.
( 574 )
page. col.
534 i. 17 Wienna, in Gaul; now Wienne, Vienna, on Rhodanus, in Gaul; now
in Dauphiny Pienne, on the Rhone, in Dau
phiny;
551 ii. 16 Omitted XXXIII. xi. 388. Strymon's ecchoes:
thoſe of the cranes, which flocked
to that Orphean flood, the boun
dary of Thrace and Macedon.
556 ii. 25 Dignari and fingere, Dignari and fingere have the g of
dignity, and finger, duly finguer:
557 i. 27 gard, leppard and jeppardy; gard,
Nor can it be denied that the Tranſlator (whoever) of the Golden Verſes, muſt have red, as many do,
523 i. 16 &Patriţa tuitiga.
more than that ſome queſtion may ariſe concerning
119. II. cxxvii. Io. 13. Bland Botrodus – Here Congedus –
which may be red, Botrodus bland – Congedus here -
Preciſion will tranſpoſe,
493 . ii. 4o an opportunity now offers of of improving that, or any king
improving that, or any king dom, offers now an opportunity
dom; which (or, an opportunity now offers);
which
as Propriety muſt change,
55o ii. 8 one commenced, the other ma one commencing the child; the o l
tured, the man. ther, the man,
rººt'Eliºtºzºtºrº
**********
§
;
ºś v v v v. v .
vvv, v'
§ vv. v.
v. v.
§ºn
Y
At the ſame Places may be had, by the ſame Hand,
---