DictTheSwatowDialect Fielde

ilj ^tintrr.
92,
nan Road,
HANGfA'
•JOHN^"fRYER'
CHINESE- LIBRARY
A
PRONOUNCING AND DEFINING
DICTIONAKY
OF
THE SWATOW DIALECT,

AEEANGED ACCORDING TO SYLLABLES AND TONES.
\ 4'«^*v
BY
A. M. FIELDE,
OF THE AMERICAN BAPTIST MIS8I0H AT SWATOW.
• »
SHANGHAI :
1883.
lOli W P B YC H
-
CHIN S SE L IB R ARY
TO
THOSE WHO ARE TO COME

IMIO THa
AMEEICAN BAPTIST MISSION AT 8WAT0W
AS BKABERS OP THE GOSPEL OP CHRIST TO THE TIE-CHIU PEOPLE
THIS BOOK 18 AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED.

PREFACE.
The compilation of this Dictionary, which contains 5442 words, has occupied
four years, in connection with much other work. Thanks are due from the
author to many who have incidentally assisted her in the making of this book,
especially to Dr. S. Wells Williams, whose far greater labors have helped her to
such knowledge as she has of the Chinese language ; to Dr. Wm. Ashmore, whose
acquaintance with the Swatow vernacular has made his advice valuable to her ;
to those who at diflferent times and places have cared for her during severe
illness ; to those who have furnished the funds for the publication of her work ;
and to Dr. and Mrs. M. T. Yates, of Shanghai, whose home has been hers during
the year of putting the book through the press.
A. M. FIELDE.
Shanghai, March, 1883.
'±±22^^
} vj.
V-Jf.. -» i.
"
:f<i-i-Q
5
O'M 1.
-i)^.'
INTRODTJCTION.
TONES.
EvKRT Chinese word has a tone inseparable from its pronunciation. In the Chaa-cliau-fu
vernacular there are eight distinct tones, which can be acquired only from a living teacher.
Many Chinese teachers know no names for the tones, and different teachers place them in different
orders. The following order is perhaps mostnsual.
2p± cie° phe", upper even. e phe", lower even,
cie° siang, upper high, ±T e Biang, lower high,
cie" khu, upper going, e khu, lower going,
cie" jip, upper entering. XT e jlp, lower entering.
These names do not express the relative sounds of the tones but appear to be purely arbitrary.
Words in the entering tones always end in the sound of h, k, p, or t. Syllables ending iu
a vowel add an aspirate in the entering tone, while those ending in n change the n to t,
those ending in ng change the ug to k, and those ending in ra change the m to p. The same
syllable ia seldom found in all the eight tones. The tones may be represented to the eye as follows;
CHINESE TONAI, MABK9 CHINESE TONAL MASKS
TONAL MAKES. IN THIS BOOK. TONAL MARKS. IN THIS BOOK.
n
n /
u
D
Q x^
INTEODDCTIOS.
EXERCISES IN THE TONES.
/ hun H JL hang
77 '^
</!>> <Î5 pang
t6 hUQ pang uaug
1^
hua pang m' ""
lang
sih till hut bak

ifc-ll.
ti hdn bang
s > -
ti ban bSng
/^' hnn
^* pang bang
til) t6li pfik buk
<>^*
tang
<|WJ w *'"
Jt bam
Iiam
<itj»
Sim
tang
'tJ
tang lam bjira Him
îli^
tak «
*^ ut lap
PJa,
tang I
p^3S| lam 1
'^Dv bam
tang S
M QJ^
iam bJlm
tang iam bam 4^^ sirn

Pi'
tuk 6b ut "P sip
1^5
lNTR0DtJCTI01».
ROMAN LETTERS.
The sounds of Chinese words cannot all be exactly represented by Roman letters, used as in
English. In this book the Roman letter whose sound in English approximates the Chinese
sound, is taken as the symbol of that sound, and the exact pronunciation must be learned from a
Chinese teacher.
The vowels when followed by consonants ai'e much shortened, especially when followed by
h, k, p, and t.
The aspirate does not coalesce with a consonant preceding it, but is always sounded
independently.
The sounds of p, k, and t when not followed by the aspirate are so repressed as to I'esemble
those ofb, g, and d.
°
Of the consonants, all occur as initials but only h, k, ra, n, ng, p and t as finals. at the
end of word indicates that the vowels of the word are sounded nasally.
In all cases the pronunciation of Chinese words should be learned through the ear and from
a native teacher, and the Romanized words should be relied on only as a help to the memory
in learning.
The pronunciation of the same word varies greatly in the different districts of Tie-Ciu, the
Department whose chief port is Swatow. Each village and hamlet has modes of speech peculiar
to itself, and many words that are in common use among the people of one locality, are unknown
to those in another. The pronunciation given in this Dictionary is that of Chau-chau-fu, the
Departmental City,
The figui'es under the syllable refer to the page on which the same Chinese character may
be found in Williams' Syllabic Dictionary, which, has been largely used in the preparation of
this one, and from which the definitions here given are mainly derived. The upper figure on
the right hand is the number of the radical under which the character stands in Khang Hi's
dictionaiy, and the lower figure indicates the number of strokes beside the radical.
Probably not more than half of the words used by Swatow people are contained in this
Dictionary, but it is believed that all that are here given are in common use.
THE CHINESE CHARACTERS.

thought that the Chinese character given, is the one oftenest used in writing the word
It is
defined, but it is not always the only character which might be used in the same meaning, and
in some sentences another character would be preferable where a similar idea ia to be conveyed.
As the Swatow vernacular is an unwritten tongue, and as the written language is different
from any tongue spoken in China, the student of the language must not make the mistake of
supposing that the Chinese characters representing the separate words would make a correctly
written sentence if set down in the order of the Romanized words .
Where words of two always found in the same com-

syllables are given, these syllables are
bination, and the characters used in writing this dissyllable are placed beside it. In many cases
one of the two syllables of a word is found in other combinations, and in such case only the
character which is not elsewhere repeated is given.
IV INTRODUCTION.
SOUNDS OP THE LETTERS.

Vowels.
a as far,
2 '-
ap
they,
US ' ek
1
machine, li
no, po
9 aw fawn,
i9^
h<5
^ toh
XL
a
00 tool,
murder,
m un
^ biit
un
tUi\
w one, "° 8WD bwn
7ti
Consonanis.
g
€U xn bar,
gay.
^ bf
go
^ b^h
h hat, hfl ah tham
J jam, ]6ng
k kick, ak kek
1 •» lu
lad,
j^
mat,
j(i. am H m&k
nun, na in
P pop,
a pa pu
t
80,
^ so
*i>
sim
tilt,
tt t6 ut
A
sing, ng lang ^T ngan
c cun
This
chair.
Jk cf
^^ ceng
last is a sound between ch in chair and ts in fits.
INTRODUCTION.
EXERCISE IN THE ASPIRATES.

Not Aspirated. Aspirated. Not Aspirated. Aspirated. Not Aspirated. Aspirated,
kak f^
J la
khak cut y\\ chut tun
A-^ than
tab thah
yj^ kang yP. khang cang
pf] Chang
J^
kaa n khau conjj ^>H chong
)^ tlmg
ki dil
>^>
kin cm
^ chia
kam kham
^ cu
CO cho
keng kheng pang
^J phaog
^
kai
ko
khui
kho
ceng
tak
cheng
thak
pi
^ phi
11 m pot
EXERCISE IN NASAL SOUNDS.

Not Nasal. Nasal. Not Nasal, Nasal, Not nasal. Nasal.
tio
^ tie"
-^ ia"
n Pi Pi 16
^ ie"
ua ua pi ke
^ ^^-
^ ce pua
sa
^11-^ pua cie
^ cie
Yj^ :^ sa" pe pe"
cia ^ ci'a-
;[^
sua sua hue hfie"
NASAL AND ASPIRATED.
m kh IB chiia"
khie"
phua"
thia"
9:£
ch6i"
chfa°
thi"
the" •^(^
thdi"
choi"
phe" thiia" "" che"

2p. ffi III pboi'
che° plua" kbua"

a pi"" khi" thia'
VI INTRODUCTIOK.
TONES IN COMBINATION.
Separate words, and all words separately pronounced, retain their primary tone •
but the less
emphatic words in groups of two or more somtstimes change their tones.
The cie°-phe" persists, as in
7^ 3v^ io-cia°, fairies. W^ kia'.sia', the capital.
"j Qm ngio-kfa", kittens. S^ 46 sie-liu, to help.
^J ^f ua"-uo, to solace. PH Wi iu-bun, sorrowful.

JgH]^ cheng-khih, clean. ^^ i-h6k, garments.
The cle"-slang changes, as in
c6-kong, ancestors. IH VC cfm-thau, a pillow.
**
m kd-ca, olden times. ^^ kuai-clang, a staff.
-^ ^ P<?*P"o> precious. J^ W!, cua-Ie, a kite.
^ ff^ kfn-kip, urgent.

The cle"-khu
S5 ^ f
as in
u-hOk, to entice.
chantjea,
^^ tin-tang, the centre. Sk. ^ phau-thî, a fort.

W^ hi-cha", to frolic. ^p Hg km-ce", secretly.
TA 'uk khue-khiie, speedily. "^ 1^ c\u-me", to revile.
ff^ 1^ cien-kab, armor. yj ^ khi-lAk, energy.
The cie"-j!p changes, as in
wT 8^ tliih-teng, nails. ^ ^^ siap-si, shortly.
ft ^J khak-kh6, to persevere. ^P ?^ ah-iing, duck's eggs.

^^ yj chiet-io, important. W '^ poh-mug, to cavil.
mm khek-khek, crooked. jjL 13! siet-lip, to institute.

The 5-ph6° changes, as in
^S ^ si-ceng, a clock. PSI P^ au-leng, the throat.
J9^ 4^ bue-p6, dried plums. ^
39|. khi-i, marvelous.
^^ te-kwn, tea-pots. "^JTw 16ng-lai, astute.
^ »^ lo-khak, sea-shells. 1^ ^ gu-nek, beef.
The e-siang changes, as in
r* e-chnn, next spring. yv "TC a grandee.
#^ pe-b(5, parents, "M !S
tai-jin,
^-pi, to prepare.
cue-kue, offenses, ^^ i-ie°, queer.
ciie-ak, wicked.
The e-khu
j§ ^ p5u-DgIak, cruel.
persists, as in
ti-hng, a place, WL ^ i'-pua", writing-tray.

ti-pp, aldermen. 7m ^p" su-bu, business.
pe"-ceng, disease, f^ f^ mang-mang, slowly.
toa-pit, coarse hand.

The
fg| ^ lau-jiet, bustle.
e-jip changes, as in
thak-cu, to read. ^ H m^k-bai, eyebrow.

tiet-fing, a niece. ^r H p6h-tiu, grass-cloth.
gauh-khi, musical instruments ^^ ciah-png, eat rice.

lak-thiok, animals. k{lt-kut, smooth.
INTRODUCTION. vu
THE RADICALS. — JI-W.

The number of the radical, the radical, its contracted form, the page on which it may be
found in Williams' Dictionary, its name, its common designation, and its meaning.
. 1095 it. ... c6k; c6khfte''iieh. One ;

a horizontal line.
^ .. 494... kiin.... cek tit tieh. . . . A perpendicular stroke.

I
3 ^ .. 87 ... ciS. ... cek tfam. A dot.

.. 686... phiet. c§k phuah. ... A stroke to the left.
.. 1096 it. ... kah it kî it. Bent.
« .. 447... khiet. c^k tit kioh. A barb.

J
.. 721... ju. ... ji ;
no ;
no hue" ueh. Two.
.. 876... than. c€k txam cSk hue"ueh A dot and a dash.
«
A < ,.
..
286...
286...
jin.
jin.
.
...
. .
n&ng ;
khek kha nang.

khia n^ng.
. . .
Man.
Man.
^
X .. 299... iip. ... JiP To enter.
^
A ..
..
647...
422...
pak. ...
kheng. t^ng
poih
ji
khak.
Eight.
A limit.
4 >—> .. 696... mek.... khap-bo bo c^k tiam To cover.
« .. 698... pang. pia° ;

no ti'am cui. Icy.
}"
.. 337... kf. ... kichngkîki. ... A bench.
.. 315... kham. sua" ji
bo tit ueh. A receptacle.
865... tan. ... to; cieh to. ... .. A knife.
... 536... lek. ... lak Strength.
20 ... 663... pan. ... ciak jl bo tiam. .. To wrap.
21 ... 674... pf. ... pi thiang kî pi., A ladle.

22 ... 133... huang. chie" ji khak. A basket.
riii
INTRODUCTION.
48
INTRODUCTION.
- R
%\\ IMTBODUCTIOMu
]23 ... 1072 ... ling.... ie' Sliecp.
124 ... 1124 ... d. ... li Plumes.
125 ... 508 Ua. ... iSu Aged.
126
127
m ... 719
512
ju. ... ju
kui
Likewise.
A
N ... liii. ... Ivii .-fi liji.
plow-Iiaudk'.
128 ... 720 ... Ill" The ear.

:? ju.
129 ... 1138 ... lut. ... mt A stile.
130
^ n ... 300 j6k. ... BCk Flesh.
131
g ... 20 chin.... chin A statesman.
132
u ... 1031 ... tu. ... cQ Self. From.
133 ... 60 ci. ... c\ chu k&i cL To reach to.
134 ... 414 kia. ... kl.Q A mortar.
135 ... 749 elet. ... cih The tongue.
136 ... 120 chuu. cliun.cli6 kfti cbda. Contradictory.
137 ..• 48 cia. ... ciu A vessel.
138 ... 317 ku.n. ... ku,n Perverse.
139 ... 727... .». sek. ...

ngo sek kai sek. . . . Color.
140 ... 956 cliau. cliau than Grass. Herbs.
141 ... 221 n. ... Ii6° ji than. A tiger's stripes.
142 ... 110 liiii. ... Insects.

tli&iig
143 ... 230 hieb. huch Blood.

Jfil
144 ... 207 kia". To walk.
li^ng.
;|^
145
146
^ ^ ...
...
270
184
i.
ia.
... i
sai jl xhvLxx.
Garments.
...
Overshadowing.
147 .... 385... ... kien. kV To see.

INTRO DtCTlOH. zm
A horn.
48
^ 409
1083
...
...
kok....
ien....
kak
ngun Words.
453 kok.... sua" kok kai kok. A valley.

874 tau.... tan Peas. Pulse.
760 61. ... kliicn SI kai SI. Swine.
10 cai. ... liai t3.i kai cJti. ... Feline beasts.
154 « 670 pue.... pue Valuable.
72 cliek. cliiab Flesli color.
56 rfc: 961 CO. ... caa To run.
1014 ... cok.... cok The foot.
i58
[59
^ 735
39
sin.
ki.
...
...
sin-tLoi kai sin.
chia. chia be kai cilia.

The body.
A wheeled vehicle.
L60
LGl
^ 806
20
sin.
sin.
...
...
ke" sin kai sin.
sin si kai sin.

Distressing.
Time.
82 cok CO cun Going.
63 1096 ... iu poi" gu 111". ... A town.

g^ [$
ip. ...
LG-4 1114 ... ill. ... I'u Distilled

"S ppirifc.
,C5
LG6
^ ... 689
518
pten.
U. ...
cliin-chie" cliai
U
jl.
To
A
discriminate.
tenth of a league.
ETO-HT STE-OICES.
•• 398 kim.... kim Gold.
tC7 jfc
IC8 27 cliiang. tng Long.
109 570 ii-'^n- "'"o A door.
141 liii. ... CO poi" gu 111". A mound.
71 846 iai. ... tal ji, bo cu-run. ... To extend to.
lO'O dai. ... cui. Slu-rt-tftiled birds.

XlV INTRODUCTIOIJ.
"3 1124 .. f. ... Il5 ... Kain.

rai
174 995 .. ..
cheng. die" ... Green.
P3
i75 136 .. .. hui, ... hui . . .
Negation.
7G 695 .. .. mien. mln ... The face.
t77 428 .. .. kek. ...

pbue kek k&i kek. ... Tanned hides.
m 1048 .. ui. ... ui • •• Leather.
79 414 .. .. km. ... kfu ... Leeks.
L80 1100 .. im. ... im ... Sound.
181 191 .. liieh.... hleh ... A page or leaf.
L82 155 .. tong. Luang ... Wind.
L83
L84
m 136
7G6
.. hui.
sek.
...
pue
ciah
... To
To
fly.
eafc.
Ik .. ... ...
L85 766 .. sfu. sfu ... CLief.
L86 188 ..
Liang. Liang ...
Fragrant.
L87 »^ 671 .. .. rod. ... be. ... A horse.

454 .. .. kut. ... kut . . . Bone.
324 ... .. kau. ... kau ... Lofty.
190 681 .. ., pLio.... LwtjitLftu. ... Long hair.
191
192
n 874
29
..
..
..
..
to.
tLiang.
... th
thiang
ji
khak
...
...
...
To quarrel.
Fragrant herbs.
193
L94
^ 639
482
,. ., kek ...
kiii. ...
ka kek kî kek.
kui
... ...
...
A caldron.
A demon.
7 .. .,
195
>>
... ... 1119 ... t. ... H M. Fish.
INTRODUCTION. xy
196 ... 632 nfo. cio Birds.

*w .. ... ...
197 556 Id. ... lii ... Nitrous.
198 562 16k. ... tek ... Deer.
199 583 mgk.... beh ... Wheat.
200 571 mo". ... miia" ...

Hemp.
201
252 huang. ng. ... Yellow.
202
776 su. ... su ... Millet.
203
204
M 218 hek. ... hek ... Dark.
m ... 58 ci. ... cam ci kai ci. ...

Embroidery.
Tia:iE,a?EEiar stiôices-
205
598 ... ... mien, mien ...
Frogs.
206
207
m ,
904
43-i
teng...
kii. ...
tia°
ko.
...
...
A tripod.
A drum.
208
776 chd. ... chu ... A mouse.
209
677 phi".... phf ..-. The nose.
"'^
m
^ 966 clii. ... chi ... Even. Uniform.
E'IE^TEE3iT STK,OICES-
211
65 chi. ... khi ... Teeth.
212 :î
212 16ng... leng ... A dragon.
213
481 kui. ... ku ... A tortoise.
2U ,,. ... 1117 ... iak. ... iak. •I ««t ,„ Wind instrnmenta.
ALPHABETIC DICTIONARY
OF THE
SWATOW DIALECT.
a 5 Or; otherwise.
J>t
A iii 1079 2 u a bo ? Is there any or not ? lu
170 prefix to names of persons.
ceng a m ceng ?
a-
'pi Have yon or have you not?
^\J 1068 ~6" a-no"; my child. a-no"-kia";
lu th6i° tieh ho a i7i-ho ? Do you think it desi-
an infant. a-liia°; elder brother, a-pe father.
rable, or not ? lu ai" peh kai a o kaj ? Do you
;
80
Confused vocal sounds.
a want white ont^s gi'.bla<p«i Ones ?."ai"'kau a bile ?
o-a a-a-kie
1066 ~8 the raven croaks. Are we almost t\}eV&? fH i kai a-hia" a ra si ?
>
It is his brotlôr is it not-? -.

no"-kia° khi-thau oh {a"-uo ciu a-a-kie
,'
child- ;
.
; ; ',',;;
ren beginning to learn to talk utter confused

sounds.
JO^l^ a 196 A raven with a white streak

Ta 629
6
1
tition of the action.
Wheri'placed between two verba
indicates continuance or repe-
^â crow.
1066 T on
hu-a
its neck.
a fish-hawk. a-pluen
noih-a-noih limping along.
; hi°-a-hi°; hob-
bling on. kuai-a-kuai limping at every step.
;
o-a; ; ;
a sia"; hoarse. sia" li si a sia"; his chiang-a-chiang; walking as one does when one
opium.
voice is husky, u o-a kie sa" sia"; a crow cawed leg is shorter than the other, phe-a-phe; walk-
three times, o-a loh ie"; the position of a crow ing lamely, in such a way as to throw the body
forward by jerks. hit-a-hit swinging to and
descending into a field, (a fine site, geomanti-
;
fro. lii-a-lu; keeps poking it. pue-a-pue ;
cally considered).
flying round and round. nih-a-nih winking ;
Divei'gent branches a crotch,

75 ; everj little while, lin-a-lln turns over at in- ;
1066 a prong, a fork, a tine.

8 tervals, i to cui min hra-a-lim it bobs up and
IfBtioe
^
, ;
ciii kau hu-ko pun a; the stream there divides down on the surface of the water. ciin so-a-
into two branches. ci tio ho to e poi" pun so the boat tosses constantly, chue-a-chue cQ
;
CO sa" a; this river in its lower portion divides chue tieh keep on looking for it and you will
;
into three branches, chiu toa, pun a the tree ;

find it. biia-a-bua cu chun tiam-kia"; by suc-
pun co chit cessive grindings it is worn away so that thei'e
grows and puts forth branches.
but
poih a divides into seven or eight forks, cek
is little left.
;
a cai pun co ku-a a; one branch divided into

several branches, a-che; a crotched stick, used a 64 To pluck; to twist; to wrest; to
as a support. khieh ki a-che lî the"; get a 1077 5 bend,as in an attempt to break,
forked stick and prop it up. bo a-che sa" co- a cih; to break by bending. a chui; to snap
ni n^ ? Without crotches how can the clothes in shivers, a tng; to snap off. a co kueh; to
be hung out to dry ? ki-biie khui a the twigs ; break in two. a chiu pa; to test the strength
are sprouting, lo pun co no a; the road divided by seizing each other's wrists. a cang-khak;
into two forks. sua°-leng kia" kau cf-kp ciu to make tlie frame of a coiffure. a chiu-ki ;
pun a the; spur of the mountain at this point break off a branch of a tree, a liii hue; pluck a
divided ofi^. ci ckng hue pun co kiii a this ;
flower, a ka"-na; pick olives, a to-tng; bend
flower consists of several sprigs. hiah to toi" backward, a tit c;e bend it straigliter. raai"
;
kui a, ne ? On which
branch is it perched ? a khah wn do not bend it into too short a
;
ki" cam-tio tl cek a ? Which branch would you curve. a bue loh si have not yet brought it
;
chop off ? of a tng, ci a to one of the tines is ;

into shape. a si-cia" si-cia" twist it into a ;
longer than the other. correct shape. jim a m wn endure pressure ;

DICTIONARY OF THK SWATOW DIALECT.
without bending. ki" d tieli long-cong a; if — — a»
you pluck an)'- you must pluck all. cliiu-cng- a" 64 To cover ;
to hide from view ;
th&u a jip, b6 a chut; his fingers clutch but 1088 8 to screen,

never relax, (said of a raiser), kai jl ta" Ifti ci a" mak to hoodwink. a° mak cau t\am
; ;
cong-kii a m
"
tng; he never gets the pronuncia- hide and seek." a" mak, phion phi"; to throw
tion of this word right. dust in one's eyes; to thoroughly deceive, a"
ntlng kai chui, a" cJli tit mi ? How can people's
a ICO To argue ;
to dispute ; to
mouths be stopped ? a" min hide the face, a" ;
688 wrangle for a notion.

14
hi"; cover the ears with the hands, a" phi"; hold
sie a a m hau" hiah would not
to debate. ;
the no.se. kiii a" mak preternaturally blind,
;
;
stop disputing. bo li, k ki\u fl H; make the a" i7i cti not effectually closed, chit phi" a" m
;
worse appear the better reason, i k la" be) he ;

cu all the doors are not simultaneously shut,
;
denied its being so. h ia"; out argue. a su ;

a" mi-mi, bo nang cai concealed from every ;
worsted in argument. Ji iii khui kau
argue ;
body's cognizance, a" m li ; irrepressible.
without coming to a conclusion.
h" 64 To hold in the arms or lap ;
to
h 7 Second in order.
1149 18
3S 1068 the second sage, Men-
6 a-sia";
snuggle,
a" a-no"; snuggle a baby, k" i td (it rock hira ;
cius. the scholar ranking next to
k-ngvvn ;
to sleep. tieh a" i, cia" oi ut ; you must snug-
the senior wrangler a.rao»)g ,the successful can-
gle hira then he will sleep, a" h(5-hd, mai" kia"
didates for the degrees of Kftng-Um, ciu-su and tieh i ; hold hira nicely, and do not startle him.
ku-jin. jp-ipS,: iipxfc io'St father, to. me. a" to sin pi"; close, a" kaa sio-sie
,'_
hugged ;
cuddled up warm.
& 76 A final particle, indicative of
y W1122 14 relief or admiration, but mostly
used after a question expressive of doubt, sur- ytJD*'
a"To flit on eggs, to incubate ; to
9
|/V 4 hover over ; to lie perdue.
1^)2
prise or irony.
koi-b<5 a" koi-kia° ; the hen covers the chickens,
ika" si bo, 8, ! He has none then ! tui cf-kp
a" to i sit e covered under her wings. koi-
khu, si S, ? This is the way to go, is it? si i ;
a ! It is he, certainly. i si khu khiu i kfti Jl !

bp id a" iing; the hen is sitting. eng a" jieh
He has gone to beseech it of him !
ku cia" 6i chut koi-kia" ? long must she How
sit in order to hatch out the chickens ? nng
A khah coi, oi a" ctlu a boi ? m
If there be too
nSL Ji
^final particle, expressing doubt
many eggs, won't they fail to be uniformly
^^ 1066 4 in the preceding statement.
warmed by her sitting on them ? khieh kILi
h(5, S, ;
that will do perhaps, khah soi, Jl tliafc ;
is too small surely. kau S, we are there by ;

ah-nng khut i a" get a duck's egg and pat it ;
this time surely. an interjection expres-

under her.
ai-Jl ;
sing surprise or incredulity.

a" 18 To exhort to peace to separate ;
rtrLa 30 A final particle, serving to ar- 463 18 those who are fighting to part ;
y<r 1066 4 rest attention. combatants.

61 ua a it is I. ;
lu a, e tng m hd c\e"-se" a ; la iTi si i lai
&°, tieh khut i phah sf khu if he ;
another time don't you do thus. si a that is ;

had not come and separated us, I should have
si a, tieh c\e"-se° cia° tieh a been beaten to death by hira. i hu a" i khui
so. yes, that is ; ;
the way it must be. i si a-hia" a he is the ;

he came and separated them. bo nang kheng
elder, ua lai khu a I am going, nang a, ;
khu a" i no one would go and interfere in the
;
th&u a Look out foi* your head there

! !
fray. i kie-sl i a" phi", kua khu a" kai nang
to khut i phah he complains that he evinced
;
y||"
a 8 a-si ia-si if should it be in ; ; ; ; partiality in his interference, taking hold of
>/4 1093 4 case that supposing that, ;
one in such a way as to let the other beat him.
a-si ii, ho b6i should there be any, buy them,
;
a" m
chai paid no heed to the attempt to make
;
a-si ua lai cu ho had I come it would have ;

them stop fighting.
been well, a-si u ho, i ciu m lai should it
rain he will not come, i a-si bo lî if he
;
— S° 1^ ^
bruise a swelling caused
does not come lu a-si m —
if you are — ; vfp-f
jt^ ^ ~5~ by a blow or knock which, does
57
;
—
.
;
determined that you will not la m si if .

;
not break the skin,
ceng kai ^" khi lai ; phO kHi &"; a swelling arose.
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
piiah kkti kfii a" ;

fell and bumped it so that it footed, a duck's bill,
ah-cih ngun ah-cih a
; ;
swelled up. cuaiig kuu kai S," bumped it and ;

silver clasp shaped like a duck's bill. ah-cih
caused it to swell, ci ktli a" si khut nang plialx 5m-nfa; a long collar with tabs, ah-cih chie";
tieh a sX cuang tieli ? Is this swelling caused a bayonet. ah-cih chau a weed with leaves ;
kai a", o-che° kek shaped like a duck's bill. ah sai Ick a dark
by a blow or by a bump ? ;
hueh a black and blue swelling.

;
mottled green, ah mo" sx"; a ducks' feather fan.
ah-kia" thia" lui a duckling listening to thun-
;
a" 184 The fruit or meat filling in der one who hears what ho cannot under-
J^T^ ;
p 1^ 202 8 pastry ;
the core of cakes or stand, kiia" ah cok pua"; like driven ducks,
ju.
dumplings. ah-kia" chut si bo pe-bp ducklings aro born ;
tiam ii"; sweet pies. kiam a°; cakes filled with

orphans, ah-lp so" cin-cu; the duck that lays
hashed meat and vegetables. pau a" kai pi'a"; pearls. ah-kua" tliuh pua"-thau the duck's ;
cakes having a stuffing of fruit, etc. iau-sa "ii"; liver is put on the top of the dish, go kia", ah
a core of mashed beans, so-tau a"; a core made
po waddles like a duck.
;
leh peh ah to slay ;
of bean flour. cut-bi a"; a core of glutinous a dead duck i.e. to kill a man for the sake of
;
tu-nek u"; a core of hashed pork. lek-

liah khu
rice.
imputing his murder to another.
tau a"; a core of green peas. kiie a"; pia" a";
theng ah-p6; to crucify, the allusion being to
the stuffing in cakes. hu toi pau a"; there is the manner of stretching ducks upon splints in
enclosed in it. bo a" kai pau, kie-cp koi heng ah ka-ciah, rain than
stuffing drying them.
sit-sim pau dumplings that hare no stuffing
; ciu u ciah one with a breast like a hen's and
;
are called solid dumplings. a" pau khali pa ;

a back like a duck's, has food without earning
there is too much stuffing in the dumpling, a"
it. ah-nng pu kii oi ih chui a long covered ;
boi pa; there is too little stuffing, phue khah duck's egg will hatch out. cui ah oi cio" ke";
p6h, i kiai a" cu kiuh chut
lai if the paste is ah chui
;
the wild ducks station a sentinel.
too thin the filling will burst out. a" CO i", koi chui a" cp pi" make it appear by
— ah —
;
argument that a duck's bill is round and a

hen's bill is flat. ah ku a stunted duck a
4:trl ah 64 To forcibly escort; to guard; to ; ;
ah-kia" thiu huang; the duckling has

JT 1068 convoy. y runt.
the pip.
all nle; to convoy the grain belonging to govern-
ment, ah cai guard a cargo, ah hiie-mueh to ; ;
— — ai
convoy goods, ah huam-jin act as escort to a ;

|—I ai 80 To
pity; to grieve; to sympa-
criminal. ah-koi to escort. kam-ali i khii thize sorrow woeful,
;
<|C%, 619 IT ; ;
CO compel
;
him to go and do it. ah i to che- ko ai cu ai-khau to weep.
;
an orphan. ai- ;
kwn watch him while detained in the lockup,

; cham distressing.
;
ai khiu to supplicate, ;
k^n-ah i m cu cannot keep him in custody. ; ai-lien to compassionate,

;
ai cai Alas u hQ ! !
ai cai Alas, how sad pui ai sympathy, ai

M||[^
A duck any species of the
ah 196 ;
!
khun beseech, hi, ne, ai, lak the four emo-

!
;
genus Anser.
;
jl^ 1068 5
tions, satisfaction, anger, grief, joy.
ah-bp a duck, ah-heng a drake.
; ah-ki'a"; a ;
duckling. ah-fing ducks' eggs. chi ah to To sigh, to groan an interjec-

30
; ;
ai ;
rear ducks, jio ah tend ducks. lin ah-kia"; ;

7 tion expressing disgust or re-
619
to hatch ducks' eggs artificially, ciii ah wild ;
i kai to ai mih su ? What is he groaning
gret,
ducks. sie ah roast duck. ah khun flocks ; ;
about ? ua thia"-ki" i cong-kii to ai, ai I hear ;
of ducks, kiam ah-nng salt ducks' eggs, ci" ;

him grunting all the time, ai, khp-lien i Oh, !
ah a young duck.
;
lau ah-bp an old duck. ;
how him
I pity i si ai-kie ka-kl kai su, a si
!
ah-p6 driedducks. ;
ah uang the mandarin ;
ai-kie pat nang kai su ? Is he sighing over
duck.hwn ah the muscovy duck, chai ah the ; ;
his own affairs, or over tho.se of some other
common duck, pua" chai hwn ah a half-breed, ;
person ?
ah bi a toy duck, peh tun ah a sodden duck,
; ;
sle" sien ah a whole boiled duck.

;
ah cie"; a ai 72 ai-mue; underhand.
conserve made of the flesh of ducks' feet, kiam 0^^
;^«^ 620 13 cia t-ng si ai-miie kai sii; this is
ah kun ;
salt ah am a certain
duck gizzards. ;
acting in an underhand way.
sort of confectionery. 16 ah pickled duck, ;
kham ah minced duck. ah-bun-sun a duck

; ;
ai The exhibition of humanity id
61
stew. ah ke°; a pottage made of meats and 619 9 the actions to love fond of ; ; ;
vegetables, ho pau ah; a duck filled with stuf- tender toward sparing of beloved,
; ;
fing, ah toi a duck's foot, ah toi kha splay-

; ; ai-sieli, kindness, chin-ai friendship, jin-ai ; ;
DICTIONARY OP THE SWATOW DIALECT.
him. ak tieh kai pi"; caught him by the cue.

benevoleut. leng ai ; your daughter, mong lu i
kue ai ; many thanks for your great kindness, hiam-hiam ak m tteh; caaght at and came very
nek-ai; blind love. h(5 ai-sieh; lovable, khd-ai; near missing it.
lovely. ai-sieh ka-kl iu su ai-sieh pat niliig;

love others as well as yourself. ai nang kip ak 61 Evil, vile, wicked, iniquitous.
mueh love people rather than thiuga. ai-sieh
; ^\id\ 1063 8 ak-iising; the wicked, cue-ak;
to sim, mai" ai-sieh to min love in reality ; wickedness, ctlp ak all sorts of crimes. ak ;
rather than in appearance. ai min jitik cu ; Pok evil ways, tai ak great crimes, ak cii ;
; ;
loved the people as if they were his ciiildren. very wicked, hioug-ak malicious. ak-tak ; ;
ai-sieh thai kiie ;

too indulgent affection. iii- venomous. cek ak
heap up iniquity. ak
;
Bieh kuang-im ; sparing of time, hetig ; vicious looking. ak Q ak pp wicked- ;
ness brings its own retribution. nftng cp m

H^ ai 170 A defile ;
a pass. ak, naug iTi ui ; where there is no iniquity, there
yWL 2 ai-khau 10 ;
a gorge. hiam h,x ; isno fear. ak kue cua ; more malignant than
a dangerous pass. a serpent. ki'a" hien wise sons of
pe ak, ;
wicked fathers, ak cit; virulent disease, sim

JtL fti 80 a mother one's mother.
eii, mla ak a gentle heart under a savage ex>
;
;
cfl si i kai ai it is his mother,

T—f* 605 1 ;
terior. ak-n&ng, ak-nftng til the wicked ex- ;
chin &i an own mother. Jlu fti a step-mother. cQe-ak thau thi"; their
tripate the wicked.
; ;
wickedness reaches to the heavens. ak Qe ;
2ii-& ;
an exclamation denoting obscene talk.
surprise.
— ai" — ak 82 To quiet, to calm, to pacify.

1069 14 ak kia"; allay fear.
•^ hkm i a-
>^t* hi" 76 To desire, to wish, to long ne sah no kai ngio nng kio i ak kia"; tell his
VA 1139 T for; about to, ready to, on the mother to boil two cats' eggs with which to
point of.
quiet his alarm, cia tieh i khu, cia" ak tit c^,
lu ai" am?Do you want it or not ? i ai", p&t n&ng ak iTi tio he is the one who must go, ;
ua m; he wants to but I will not. ai° li sii", boi then they will be pacified, no one else can tran-
tit tieh as for wanting it I want it, but I can-
;
quilize them.
not have it. si lia sim so ai°; it is what my
heart desires, in-ai"; raki"; does not want it. i ^^L ak 162 To terminate to stop. ;
"
cha-m-tp ai° lai ;
he is about to come, i
ciang tP^. 629 9 cp-ak; to bring to a standstill,
ai" khu he is about to go.
;
ai" tiig-khu c6- li'i ak-cf to put a stop to.
;
ak ak, iang sien re- ;
ke a bue ? Are you going to return to you na- press iniquity and encourage righteousness.
tive land yet ? i ai° co he is going to make ;
it. i ta" i hi" khu he said he should go. ua;

-mYI ^^ ^4 "ô repress, to restrain, to
ai" lai khieh I will come and get it.
;
i h.i" jrr 1093
abate else, moreover, ;
mill ktli ? What does he want ? i ai" khi chu ak-ci to stop. ;
ut-ak irked. ak-cii to re- ; ;
ak i m cu could not curb it. m

;
he is to build a house. i press, ak i ;

going phien-phien
tio could not resti-ain it. ak-ci i restrain
ai"; he is bent upon nge ai"; he tixedly it. i ; ;
desires it. i cwn ai" cie"-se° cp he especially him. ka-ki ak-cx la cu could not himself con- ;
;
wishes it to be made thus. i kii-i ai" lai he trol it. soi" ak Su

au ak play iang, soi" iang ;
;
is set upon coming. i kai sim iSi si ai", cliui

fast and loose with. ak-hok should it be. ;
m ka" ta" he desires it in his heart, but dare ak-hok cie"-se" should it bo thus. ak-hok i
;
;
not say so. ai" me ? Do you wish to ? lai, xia ciu mien khu should he come, then 1 ;
need not go. ak-hok u ci kai, lu ai" jieh coi ?

ak — — Should there be that kind, how many do you
want ?
ak 85 To water, by pouring from
^V 1066 4 above,
ak hue to water flowers.
;
ak ciii to wet by ; am 40 A religious house; a Buddhist
pouring on water. ak ho khut ho ak tieh ; ; 621 8 temple,
wet by the rain. am-ing a convent or monastery.
;
ara-k\^n ;
am-i°; monastic estalishments. ni-ko am a ;
To seize, to arrest, to gripe.

ak 64
nunnery, hue-sie" am a monastery, jip am ; ;
7 jio kau hu-kp cia" ak tieh

82 ;
to become a monk or a nun. chau am our ;
pursued him to that point and there caught wretched hermitage, am lai; in religious reti-
DICTIONARY OF TnK SWATOW DIALECT.
rement. bo seng-li thiali am leng-ua°

lifie-sie" hm ke-thau a private price.
;
bo kng, bo am ;
when have no other lucrative eni- no two prices. ciah o-am png eat the bread
kill; priests ;
they take their temples to pieces and of sorrow, khut i am ciah jieh coi ci"; had no
plo3nuent,
rebuild them, tok chut am expelled from the ;
inconsiderable amount of money privately used
monastery. up by him. am kai coi kiie kng kai what is ;
concealed is more than what is manifest, am-

am 116 Concave, like the sky. ce" sai eng what was clandestinely used up.
;
420am-bo a hollow hemisphere

"3" ; sai am chie"; employ an assassin, hun-hun am-
like the sky. am-bo am-bo ne convex on the ; am badly lighted. am-chang hidden, con- ;
upper surface and concave on the under, mai" cealed, kim to o-am koi" ko shut up in the ;
CO khah am-bo do not make it too arching. ; dark.

CO lai am-am ue made very concave. ;
id^ S,mThe neck; a narrow part of

181
M^ AJJL am-lo '
A garden slug; a snail. 'J^>\ 406a thing. ~7~
l^ lK|pr| 466 no kai a-iio"-kia" to ka i khu tio 3,m, khut
nang kiu tieh, boi si; he
am-lo ;
two children are trying to make snails went and hung himself, but was rescued by
fight, am-lo khak snail shells, ;
am-lo thang ; some one, and did not die. i kai am chun
tng-
the snails themselves. tng to thoi"; he was gazing with outstretched
neck. i kai am keng-keng his neck is long ;
ÎSlI am 149 Versed about. in ; knowing and crooked. teh kau am khi-khi weighed ;
PfI 621 9 am-lien skilled in any craft ; down by it so that his neck is awry. cai kio
or art. iIi am si su ignorant of the world.
; i kua am-iii remember to put his bib on him.
;
i kai am kua cek

^™"C^"^ Obese pak su-cu be wears a rosary ;
Msfe H"jrt ;
fat ; dirty. around his neck. i kS,i am lo to his neck is
P7f* Ij/ w 949 am-cam pui ; corpulent, rather short. kai Sm se" lek he has king's-
;
am-cam ciah to eat hoggishly.

am teng
;
liu i kai am strangle him.

;
evil. ;
;ira Water in which rice has been

cek kai gu "Adam's apple."
;
i
piiah cih am
kut he fell and broke his neck, i kai Sm lun-
TklSi;
am soak
.27 boiled, ;
lun liis neck is short and thick, che i kS.i am-

cim ;
in rice-water. ciah am drink ;
khap thau, liam am

;
kia" throttled him. i to
rice-water. ; ;
be is knocking his head on the ground, and

H^^ am 72 Dark obscure secret clan- pinching his neck, (as in begging vehemently),
H^
; ; ;
622 9 destine; stealthily, ham am to pinch the neck violently as a coun-

;
jit ai" am lio ; it is growing dark.

jit am ;
at ter irritant, tng am cun a long-necked bottle, ;
i kai am hiam-hi'am khut

dusk. mai° khah am do not come too late
lai ;
nang phph tng; he
in the evening. came very near getting his neck cut in two.
mong-mong am-ara misty ;
and dark, thi" o, utter darkness. o-o tl am ;

cun koi kai am wring the reck of a fowl, am
;
^m-am midnight darkness.

;
ara-ce"; secretly,
kun tau a crick in the neck. S,m teng se" k&i
;
am-ce" sie°; secretly thought, am pang; secret liu has goitre.

;
compartment. am huang secretly ascertain,

am hai ; secretly injure, co kai am ho; made a
secret sign, phah am hoh gave a secret signal,
meng chie° koi tng, am ci" lang huang a visi-
;
;
m Sm
939
swallowing,
30
1^
lu kai chili Sm sim-raih miieh to? What have
To take into the mouth, as for
ble spear is easily withstood, a secret arrow is

;
you got in your mouth ? khah toa kp, am m

hard to guard against. loh it is too big a piece, I cannot take it into
thau bin, raak am ;
cek chui am no kai took two at

;
vertigo, am cph am ce"; clandestine, am lun my mouth. ;
a concealed spring, am kau a covered drain,

;
one mouthful, mai" am khah toachiii; do not
am tang co su underhand doings. am pau ci ;
;
take too large mouthfuls. Sm tit jip, thun m

kai i-8U to lai has this meaning involved in it. loh can take it into the mouth, but cannot
;
;
am chi mang the silent mosquito. swallow it.

am hah
secretly agreeing.
;
ieh a private under- am ;

;
— ang —
standing, ara-thau hades, am to a hidden ; ; dbi ang 37 A husband.
pocket.
did
am-am khu co secretly went and
am
;
the imagination
^V 142 1 ang bo; ang cia; husband and
it.
sim-gi se" kiii ; wife. bo ang, bo ki'a"; without husband or
creates ghosts. lu 6i iii am a boi ? Are sons.
you ang-ci'a kfa"; the young couple. i k4i
afraid in the dark ? lu co pang hie" am kp ang ti-kp hue ? From what place does her hus-
cp-ni ?
Why do you sit where it is so dark ? band come ? ang hSu-se", bo hau-se°; the hus-
band is youthfal and the wife also. ui kheng

^1=^ ang 40 A banquet.
ke lau ang unwilling to marry an old man.
; "^K^ 1090 7 BU ang ; confer a banquet.
lau ang-da an old couple. soi" ang; first
; I'mang to feast. eng-iaag ang tek-meng
; ;
husband. coi" ang former husband (now ;

^ng the banquet given by the provincial
;
dead). Jiu ang second husband. ; autliorities to those who take the military or
40 Rest peace to place at ease.
civildegree of ku-jin. khuang-lim ang; an
ijT^ ang ;
imperial banquet, given to those who take the

;
3^ 620 T ph6ng-ang; peace, ang-sek ;
degi'ee of c\u-sfl.
rest, ang-sek the Sabbath.jit ang-sek-hio°;
;
gum benjamin. ang-kham a shrine, or case ;

ing 177 The leg of a boot.
for ancestral tablets. ang Oi to appoint the ;
1078 6 Ilia ang; hia thang; a boot
seats (for guests), hfvp sia pheng-ang all
the ;
leg. khng ki to t6 hia-ang t6i ; kept a knife

clans at peace. ang sini loh nglap keep your ;
in his boot leg. khuai-hia kai hia-ang si lai
mind on yonr occupation, ang ke to support ;
nfu kai ; the leg of the top-boot buttons up.
a family, eng jieh coi ci° ang ke ? How much phiia hia-thang ;
a torn boot leg; a scholar who
is used for the support of the family ? ang-
gets no office.
tiin kau hd-hd well provided for.
; ang-jien
cfi-cai; in quiet ea.se and comfort. ang-lOk- ang 145 The leg of a stocking,
kong ;
a mere man of pleasure. 1078 T bueh ang ;
biieh thang ; a
ang-chun A quail.
stocking leg.
621 phah ang-chun to
82
;
XÛ^ mng-k6-kng; the enciente of
hng
fight quails. liah ang-chun to carry around a city gate, mki" khut i kue"
a quail that is being trained to fight.
;
ang-
J^^ 104:6 10
to inng-k6-ang toi, kft raang do not let him ;
chun khuang a quail pen. ang-chun to a get shut ill between the inner and outer gates
; ;
bag for carrying quails. ang-chun pie the ;

to pass the night bitten by mosquitoes.
banner of the champion quail, long ang-chun ;
to keep quails. chi'u liah ang-chun b<5 to ;

1^ kng 229 A stoppage of the nose,
carry a female quail about, (in order to appear {fE2* 1046 10 caused by a cold nasal, as ;
to be a sportsman). u nung liah ang-chun a tone.

phua ke, u nfmg liah ang-chun hwt ke some ; ta°-ue kng-ang ; to speak through the nose. i
train quails to the ruin of their families, some chek-ciii Ho ta,°-ue ang-ng ; having a cold in his
train them and thereby found families. head, he speaks nasally. kai phi" ang-ng
ang-ng, kang-kho cSi the nose stopped up, ;
^^g ting An
earthen jar, without hand-
98
with a distressing cold.
JÛ l046 les or spout,
13
ciu ang wine jar.
;
bi ang rice jar. raSng- ; kng 64 In conformity to to lay or ;
thng ang; candy jar. kiara-chai ang; salt vege- 622 6 press the hand upon to fix ;
table jar. hue kim ang an urn, holding the ; upon to cause to stop to give as security,
; ;
bones of the dead, ang thau puah a pot used ; ang cie°-se°; thus, like this. ang lue"-se''; so,
as a cover for a jar. ciu ang tho the clay ;
like that, ang c6i° lue°-se°; as before, ang ci
used to stop the mouths of wine-jars, ang thû kai hxe° ngia as handsome as this.
;
ang cie'
lu a species of puraelo a runt.
; tham ciah, ;
coi so many.
; ang hie° ci'e so few. ang ci ;
puah loh meng-tlmg ang; the greedy fall into kai lne° h(5 ; as good as this. ang huap-lut
the sweetmeat jar. cho cek ang ciii holds a ; phoi" administer according to law.
; ang cie"
jar of water. co cek ang cho ; make a jar ing, ang cie° toa ai° li Ifii, mai° li suah
;
I !
of vinegar. ang toi kai cho-koi ; the animal- have only what is of this length and size if ;
cules in a jar of vinegar. kua° cek ang ciii you want it, take it, if you do not want it, let
ti°-ti°; bring a full jar of water. 15 cek ang it alone to-li ang cie° chim doctrine so deep,
!
;
koi ; pickle a jar of mashed fish. ii cek

ang ang lue° tng so long as that. 6i tit ang ci cek
;
cau tu-nek ; had a jar of corned pork, khu un kai c\e° toa cu ai°; if I can get one as large as
kiii ang ci'u go and heat up some jars of whis-
; this I want it. bo nang ang lu cie" h(5 nobody ;
key. hue-kim-pa,u th6i"-cp meng-thiig ang; is so good as you. bo nang ang i hie" m ho ;
mistook an urn of dead men's bones for a candy nobody is so bad as he. ang tSi-ke hie°-se'
pot. tang phua m soi ang, ce soi, sie-lin- ta" lai kia"; let us do as they all say. ang hie"
thkng; old mother Tang did not often wash her khi How strange
!
ang kui ciu ku in con- !
;
jars, but when she did, she washed holes in formity to established custom, lu ang cie°-se",
them, ang-le j a potsherd. lia
ang h\e°-se"; you do thus, and X do so. ang
meli ;
chfa ang sim-kua"-tliau
feel the pulse, ; target, ^ng eng bo an official hat having red
;
lay hand on the heart.

tlie ang kiam to chiu, fringe on the crown. Ting cang sph red hair- ;
grasped the sword in his hand, ang gueh ci°- strings, ang ne-siia"; an umbrella used by
nguii to fix the monthly stipend.
; ang pia° officials of high rank. fing tki cu a belt ;
worn by blood-relations of the empei'or. ang

put tong to halt the troops, ang-tug to give
; ;
as security for something borrowed. ang-tng cuu ;

an official boat, poi" slng-sa" ciie ;
inflict
fi,ng kh6i ;
the punishment of banishment. a
mueli-kia"; to give things in pledge. cang
chan-khoi co ang; take the deed of his field as stamped deed. k\" tieh nang rain ciu ang;
security. ang tia" jtt-khi ; to set a fixed time, blushed if she saw any one. miu &ng-kong-
ang khie" ha.li phah ; strike the ke}^ of the tune, chiah; blushed deeply.
ang pang set the tune. ang-sok iIi ilo ; does
;
not successfully repress it. ang-sok kau tio- \it ang 85 A flood, an inundation,
tio keeps in subjection.
;
sin ang pch ngun ; i^ 23G 6 ang-ciii ;
the deluge of Yu,
take in pawn, for its full value, of a hundred B. C. 2200.
dollars, i ai" ang nang jieh coi ci"? How much — ap —
does he wish to borrow from us, giving securi-
ty for it ? CO ang ; give as security. ang iBl ^P ^^ The complement; an unlicensed
po lai kia"; set your steps carefully as you go. 4*J^ 1068 5 pawn-shop; to pay a balance ;
ang-chak the provincial judge.;

co tieh ang- to add the complement.
chak, rain ciu o if you do the work of a pro-
; ap sio to pay the remainder of a bill, ap un
; ;
vincial judge, you will becorac dark visaged. to match a rhyme. ue hue-ap to affix the ;
necessary device, mark, or paraph, chiara ap ;
ang 120 Red; rosy ruddy; the blood; to authenticate by affixing a mark. sio-bak
>^T* ;
Tfil^ 3 lucky, pleasant, because red

235
ap cheng-cho the balance of the account has
;
is the color used for marriage sedans, the high- been paid in full, sie ap a pawn-shop, where ;
est official buttons, and other tokens of rank,
cheap articles are pledged. hiang ap a ;
ang sek; a red color, toa ang; deep red. hue licensed pawn-shop. h'lang ap cii-nang kai
S,iig; scarlet, tho ang; peach pink, hiin ang; li-sek ci'e, sie ap cii-nang kai li-sek ke the ;
the color of rouge. it pin ang bright red. ; amount charged by the licensed pawnbroker is
saiang persimmon ;
red. sang ang ; deep pink, less than that charged by the unlicensed pawn-
bak ang; dark red. cu-sa ang; light red. broker, ap kau ni paid up for a year. ap ;
ang-sai persimmons.
; ang hun I'ed clouds, ; kau gueh paid in full for one month, ap kau
;
chim ang; deep red. chien ang; pale red. i m
peh made it up to a hundred.
; kheng ue
ciu ciah kau min ham-ham-ang flushed with ;
ap he was unwilling to affix the mark.
;
cie'
wine. ang si-sua" so mak-ki"; a red line on me°-me" ap quickly draw in the oar.
;
the edge of the eye lids, chiii-lim-phue cn-cu-
ang; the lips bright red. ngun-cu ang; the ap 108 A
small box, having a cover.
color of vermilion. iu ang; painted red. '^^
_0IL. 218 6 tliiap-ap a card-case. ap- ;
raak-kho ang red around the eyes. ang hue
;
chut hue-ang to issue a

kia"; a very small box. gek ap an alabaster ;
^"g ^ young lady.

; ; box. cek ap ko-pi'a"; a box of cakes, cho c6k
notice of a reward. kng ki"; a red flag. ang
hue boi phang, pharg hue boi ang; brilliant ap ti"-ti"; fill the box full. siu thau ap ; a
dressing-case, bo ap a hat-box. ;
flowers are scentless, and fragi'ant flowers are
not bright colored. ang su, peh su; happy af-
ap 30 The motion of the gills of a fish.
fair, or grievous affair. hue ang h'u lek ; a 939 6 hu ap ciii the fish sucks water, ;
variety of bright colors. hue ang ngun ; a chili to ap he is gasping. ; ap-ap-sah gasp- ;
reward, received for public service, in catching chili hwn-lio 6i ap he still gasps.
a thief or murderer. ing, ;
S,ng ng<vn nng-cu to

poh mia"; many handsome girls have hard fates.
chi" ang fresh and ruddy, ; ang peh ang peh ;
pink and white, min ang-jing a ruddy coun-

tenance.
Europeans.
ang-rao°-nang red haired people,
;
ang thau cun a junk. ; pang

;
n au 17 Hollowed out concave.

623 4 au-au ne concave. ci kai i"
bo hie" au ; this inkstone is not worn down
;
;
Sng ;
have dysentery, phui ang ;
to spit blood. much. ci kai ua° fo chim-au this bowl is ;
S,ng pg oieh a ruby, ang te'ng the red button,

; ; deeper. ta° kai te-tien co khu io chim-au ;
an insignia of high rank. ang sang-hu red ;

modern saucers are made deeper. mak chim-
coral. tong Ting-sim ; hit the centre of the au hollow-eyed.
;
au 98 A bowl, or deep cup. ^rpT au 85 To rot or soften from damp-

I^Tf
Pft 625 11 au, ua°, pua", lib; all sorts of Mî 62«j 11 ness.
dishes. 16-au ;
a tea cup. kai-au ; a covered au kau chau so rotten that it stinks.
;
m cai
kluim-au a covered bowl. lui-au ; a cfi au tlo; if you do not dry them in the
cup. ; phak
clift au ; a wooden bowl, sun, they will spoil from dampness. au kau
triturating bowl.
tli\o kiie kau, ciah no ha-hu; decayed to powder.
pua" au balf a bowlful. ;
sa" au ;
raucli eating to little exercise.
au 61 Vexed, angry, cross.
i ce au-c^
au 85 To soften by long poaking; to .^ ^ 625 13 ku-ce; nettled.
cu i7i khu if he once gets out of patience,
G26 11 macerate. khieh kbii »i teng ;
he won't go. au-se"; grouty. au-se°, cd

au take it and soak it in the pool. au kau
ce raai°; he is irritated, and will have nothing
;
cliau it has soaked so long that it smells badly,

;
to do with it. iiu khi out of temper. cSk
;
to loh piin-ti kliu au pour it inlo the cess-
;
to au-kiri ; thoroughly vexed. iiu-cc kau k&i
pool and let it rot. au kau tbiie-thue ; kept in mln jiu-au ;
so vexed that she looks cross, au-
soak till it is friable.
chiiu ; quick-temjKjred out of temper to fly
; ;
into a pjiHsion. au-ce cu kio i leng llo; being

p/J* au 79 To cudgel to maul.
i au-ce kka
in a passion he pushed it away.
;
|0|X 026 11 kbut i kliia ki thui au kau lok-

i7i ciuh he is so out of temper that he will not
lok suffered liim to take a club and beat him to
;
;
eat. au-ce kau kie m in he is so out of tem- ;
a jolly. au cih i kai kba kut broke his leg
per that he will not answer when he is
;
called,
by mauling him. khia ki tek-ko au i ; took a he has
i kai nang se'-cheng au-au-chau-chau ;
bamboo and cudgeled him.
a very violent temper.
Eft ^^ To fight with sticks or fists.

12. aa 87 Obscure, mysterious.
ÛC 626 liu-phah ; to maul, au sie"; to
11 G25 10 chim au hard to understand
; ;
wound by beating. au jok ; to disgrace by a iu bio au mio mysterious.

profound, ; ;
blow.
The passages of (he throat.
&a 80
au 64 To
press at the arm of a lever; 174 9
&u-leng; the throat, nge 4a ;
1077 5 to twist; to wrest ; to lift obli- the windpipe. nng au ; the gullet. au-leng
" Adam's
quely ;
self-willed, cip-jiu ; obstinate. au-
gfi ; apple." &u-leng lib ; the palate,
man perverse,
; au-huo"; warped, twisted, pre- au-leng kng; the tonsils." ka ta" ; thirsty. &a
judiced, au-cih-khut; crumpled up. au li ; thia" ;
sore throat. se" an g6 ; have quinsy,
pervert doctrine. du tiig thau ; turn it over mi au, ceng to; ulcerated throat and swollen
endwise. an hu ; to catch fish with a lifting tiam au ; quench thirst. khieh kp Mi
belly.
net. au cang ; <o lift a fishing net, au mueh- tiam au take a bit to quench thirst.
;
thak
kia°; to carry things at one end of a pole over tieh au-leng-kng nge ; tonsils stiffened by read-
the slioulder. tJii'g thau au ; to press at the au im ; the intonation. i kai au khnah
ing,
{<hort arm of a lever. cang chi'u au khi lai cai ; he has a wide gullet. lu mai° to au oih ;
koi°-thau; lift it up on the shoulder with the do not mince. cheh au ; to choke, to stop up
hands. au m
tng ; he does not articulate it the throat. hu-kut khe° tieh au-leng; a fish
cleai-ly. sang au sang cuah ciu hoh coi ; two bone stuck in his throat, thoi" tieh to ji'o au ;
different losses on the same article makes a
seeing it makes his mouth water, ji'ang phiia
considerable deficienc}' in the end. i kai ue
au-leng ; screaming to split his throat. jfang
ta° lai siu-an, si toa cih a in si? He speaks in- kau au bo sia°; screamed till he was hoarse,
coherently, he is tongue-tied is he not ?
peh au peh cih ; telling lies. peh lu kai kn ;
you tell lies, lu raai to peh &u ; don't lie. an
au 30 To raise from the stomach. soi ; throat husky. bo au toi sia"; can not
62G 11 au-tho to pnke. au-ueh to ; ; speak aloud. bp au toi ; no strength of lung,
retch and vomit, au hueh bleed at the lungs, ;
ho an toi; a resonant voice. Iiu au; to throttle,
an sng I'aise sour mucus from the stomach,
; kui Iiu au ; an imp throttles him. ku au ; cut
au nua°-ciii i-aise mucus from the stomach,
; the throat. hia, ku au lio Really, I've cut !
ai" au, au m chut; wanted to throw it up but my own throat tliam sak tieh au-leng ; hia
!
could not. ce thoi" cu au-ueh gagged at the ; throat is stopped up by phlegm. gii
an ; a
sight of it. au sim-hueh kai ci°; money gained flask, made from the gullet of an ox.
an b6i
at the expense of health. thong khi; cannot breathe. khui toa fta ;
in a big base voice, sio au a piping future generations. Jiu-i ; posterity, to n^ng
Bpcak ;
voice. coi", boi to naug Jiu ;

he surpasses others, and
is behind nobody. hu-kai jien-Jlu lai that ;
>>^ Six 60 After ; behind ; subsequent ; in one came next. ci-kai thau-soi" lai, ci-k&i
15- 175 6 the rear. jien-Su lai, ci'-kai kfo-bxie lai; this one came
soi" aapreviously and subsequently, coi" S,u;
; first, this next, and this last. kiio-Su su
beforo and behind. Jin min ; Sn thau ; Su kha; kun-cU; the departed are thought to be gent-
in the rear. iTi soi" S.n neither sooner nor m ;
lest, hwn u cek kai be 5u phau ; there is
later. lu soi° khu, au lia hli ; you go first and still a weapon in reserve. o-phu kha kau,
afterward I will come, au jit ; hereafter ; day toa kueh to Su ;
when some gourd is thrown at
after to-morrow. Su ni in after years ; year ;
a dog, the biggest piece comes last. c6i"-c6i°
after next. Sa kai gueh ; month after next. S,u-au, m pat thoi" ki" I never saw anything !
&u s\ ;
after ages. afterwards. i" Su ;
S,a lal ;
like it ! ke au; a wife and a wife's relatives.
5,a ang, S,a bo a second husband or wife.
;
5u Su p6"; the chorus in a theatre. au pe" cah
pe, au ai a step-father or step-mother.
;
thi khu hp ; the chorus was well inserted the :
cie".pak huang, ti e au bp in the heavens there ; helpmeet performs her part well, i am-ce" bie
are north winds and on earth there are step- tiii i S.U lo kp khu; he kept himself hidden,
mothers, au CO au loh rear buildings. ;

fta ;
and follow'ed along behind them. cp kheh,
toi"; a,u keng ; tlie inner temple. ftu tui ; the mai" loh Su ; when you are an invited guest,
rear company. lien Su the rear guard. ho ;
be not the last to come. khia to fiu ce, mai"
Su ; after the shower, ciu au ; after their wine khah cin-coi" remain in the back ground, and
;
bibbing. au cim an tau au nau; the back of ; ;

do not thrust youself forward. ka-chng Su ;
the neck. ah au the rear body of the escort, ;

behind his back, hi" au behind his ear. pue ;
coih au after the festival.

;
coih au sa" jit; S,u back of it. sua" coi", sua" au, thong-sin ceng
;
three days after the holidays. chu au poi"; chiu-bak the front and back of the mountain
;
behind the house. ju 16 au pe hatred like ;

were all planted with shrubbery. khia kau-i°
that toward a step-father. tixe i ka-ciah au ; au kai nang the man standing behind a chair,
;
followed on behind him. the to hu au; follows ua ham i tieh u au su I told him he must ;
on behind, au miig the back door. S,u liiu ;

; prepare for the consequences. tang kau chia
the back rooms up stairs, jien-au thereafter. ;
au liang ce cja" lai wait till the cool weather
;
soi° thi°, au thi"; ante-natal and post-natal in- after autumn and then come. ci kai nang bo
fluences, soi" thi" lun thoi, au thi" lun eng ; au ; this person had no descendants, hia" soi",
the inherited tendencies affect the body, their ti au ; the elder brother takes precedence of the
subsequent development is determined by the younger. kio biie au ; the very hindmost,
habits. ci Tin-aa chua kai ; the very last one ciah png au hue hp cu ut ; it is not well to go
that he married, biie au ; the hindmost, kfo- to bed at once after eating. kiia" §,u, ii sim-
bvie-au se" kai the one last given birth to.
;
raih kak kek ? And after all, what will be the
kio-biie-au se" ci kai at last gave birth to this. ; upshot ? thp §,u ; receded from his position,
Bui au cu kau arrived immediately after- au han ; next time.
— au" —
;
ward, au-sia", au-hien ; modern sages. Su

hak modern scholars. kha-au-te"; the heel
^
;
of the foot, au le"; the heel (of a shoe). Su an" 80 Clamorous vociferation.
616au°-au" iiang; noisy bicker-
5
phe the cloth heel of a bound footed woman's
;
choe. au tau au tau hue the lower part of a

; ;
ing, i au"-au"
jfang si cp-ni ? What are they
woman's coiffure. clamoring for ? au"-au°-kie ; the sound of
phah au thang a back ;
door pilferer. cai kii coi", bo ku au ; regards many voices as in strife. ta" tieh, i au"-au°
what is in front, but not what is behind, thang chang; if you say anything about it he makes
kau hu S,u-au ; pieiced quite through and a great fuss.
through. pan tiii hu au head off and in- i

;
— auh —
close him. au lio cliie"; the wall enclosing the
jhi^ auh-pauh Vexed, angry, irritated.
jp^
back yard, coi" sua" hue kui", au sua" jii-keng
I PM L^C ^"^5 to lai auh-pauh is at ;
kui"; things get woi-se the farther you go. i lia

heart much displeased about it. to lai anh-
ti-liang cp au piah sua" ? Whom doe.s he rely auh pauh-pauh ; very grouty.
upon to ba< k him up ? eng kau kua Su si kai — ba —
ci" to eng khu ; spending money that it will
take him several lifetimes to earn. se" 061*^, Protuberant.
Bi Su ; during life and after death. Su to ba ge ; khf ba-bk
;
; projecting
10 DICTIONARY OF 'JHt: SWATOW DIALKCT.
teoth. tlulu-nilii-coi" no kî khi iie ba- bak-kang sai-pe a carpenter. <6 bak-kang;
;
froiifc
two incisors. si-kue in ba gg do carpeiitery. bak-ciiieh a cai'penter's foofc ;
ba; pmjot-'tiiig ;
tho watenuelon dreads protruding teeth. rule. cek kp b&k kai made of a sin^^le piece ;
of wood. putchuck, used as medi-

bfik-hie";
J&tH ^^^ ^^^ The bow of a vessel. cine. I)ak p6 ;

the
vegetable kingdom, the
96 5 i kai cun-tbau-ba cuang tlo wliole list of diameters l)aving this radical,
j^ftj
kbu; their bow was stove in. bak die"; the planet Jupiier. bak hi ; a puppet
show. fi kill chlu-bak diiu-thi"-si hit liieh, u
^^^ ^^ '^'^ gallop, to prance, to run kh{ dilu-bslk tang-thi"-sS hieh cia" lut, u kliil
ni
tl 607 6 fast, chiu-bfik bo mill lut hieh ; some shrubs shed
ba ki.i khii, bft loh lai ; races
bo khun-kia" cu their leaves in autumn, some in winter, and
up iind presently races again. hai i down some do not shed them much at all.
kia" kau juan ba ; scared him so that he ran off
as fast as ever he could without considering bflk 40 Close; imperforate; without
l^
wIhmc he went. i thia° tieh, iue"-nie'' ba khu
596 8 interstices ;
occult,
cliii ko ta°; on hearing it he rushed off home to soi I'ak of khu bftk-bak;
dose texture. thi*
;
tell it. sewetl with fine stitdies. bak-c&k ; without

— bah — intersticeH. v{ kai p6 bak-c&k; this doth is
W bah 180 Flesh ; naeat.

imporous. Via kai hiu" ai' bak htitig kfii ; T
want Hiy wadded jju-ket close-quilted in lines,
Jfl 300 bp kut b6 bah neither bone
kau-duip khu ciu-bak; having a (lose and in-
;
Dor meat nothing to it but odor. b6 nek hC>

; timate relationship with each other. pin kaa
bah no meat on it. tu bah ; pork.
; bfik-bAk ; interweave them closely so as to
— b&i — leave no interstii-es. swn i pin khu b&k kai ;
select one that is dose plaited. hia t!di p&i
b&i 109 Tho eye brows, and what is bak-bfik ; lay the tiles so as to leave no crevi-
CO bak-bak ; make it so that there will
585 4^ Bhaped like them, ces.
ni&k-bai eyebrows.
;
ni&k bfii sa'-kak sa"- be.no chinks. j-fti
bak c6 ; spread them close
kak nifik-bfti khah I6ng; together, ki-bak ; the real moving cause.
heavy eyebrows.
;
eyebrows too bushy. bsu mo"; the hair of the

eyebrow. go bfti arched eyebrows. ; jio bilk 82
Ink; style, letters, writings.
bai to frown.
;
tho-khi iang-biii in high ; f'^ b&k 1°; an ink-stone. bakliA;
GV'i 12
spirits, guoh bai the young moon. n\o bai
; ; a box for prepared ink. b&k ap; a box hold-
to scowl, bfii kill ;
bai sui-
oblique eyebrows, ing cakes of ink. bak ke an ink i-ack. cek
;
Bui ; long eyebrows. bS.i thiiu, bai biie ; the tio bak a bar of ink.
;
cek kp bak a cake of ;
inner and outer end of the eyebrow. liu-hieh ink. bak cui liquid ink. ; pit b&k ciui l';
b9.i ; beautiful arched eyebrows. bai ke ; writing materials, bak sua"; a line made with
lowering eyebrows. ink. bak- tau, a carpenter's line and reel, b^k
liu the cuttle fish.
;
bak p6 dried cuttle fish, ;
b&i 76 The lintel. bak khah kut; the ink is too thick, bak khah
585 9 nmg bai ; lintel of a door, chieh the ink is too thin, bak sia loh khu un ;
;
chat bai ;
a timber iu the eaves. the ink spreads after writing. bak bua long
ce rub up a little more ink.
; fl sin bak all ;
bai 109 To
look, with the eyes close lined and marked out. tSi loh bstk put pen
pjg^ ;
588 9 upon the object scrutinized. to paper. ci kai nang lid pit bak; this is a
mfi,k bu, bai m k\°; my eyes are dim and I can- good penman. bun bak kai nang; a student,
ai" sirt, ngi'a jl, tleh eng ho
not see though I put my face close down to it. pit bak if you ;
bai khah kii, niak bu you look at it too long ;

if would write a beautiful hand, you must use
and closely your sight will become dim. i7i good pens and ink. kia" bak lip co ieh Pe- ;
ho bai khah thiam it is not well to scrutinize

;
kinese ink is good as a medicine. ni bak-cui
it too closely. mai" ku-ku td bai ; do not be kai p6 cloth colored in ink.
;
bak-ciii ue ;
always poring over it. drawn in ink. ci kai bak si sim-mih kai co
kai ? Of what is this ink made ? hp cang o-
"yk^
bak 75 Wood
timber wooden. ; ; in CO bak; soot may be made into ink. b&k
'^1^ 607 chlu-bak ; trees. hue-bak ; lam-Iam ; the ink is glossy. bdk-bun-.sek a ;
shrubbery, chau-bak ; plants. bak-llo lum- ; very dark reddish brown, bak pai ; ink dried
ber. bak-chie° : an artist who works in wood. on the stone.
t)lCtlONAUY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 11
26 The fourth the cycle of in

who rides ahead. pia° be; cavalry. be pia";
rtri bau
T mounted soldiers. nang-be coi there is a
designutod by the
;
^jJ 581
twelve,
great crowd. ;
be than lo a gong sounded
hare the early morning,
a terra
; ;
before an official who is riding. 16h be teng;
bail si; from 5 to 7 o'rlock, A.AI. bau jit, baa
a portico where riders dismount. cha be a
ni ; the day, the month, and the year,
;
giieli, ban saw-horse, cien be ; a warhorse. hai be tho

designated in the cyele by the hare,
baa khi ; ;
the periods designated by the hare. kau tieh sea-horse. phau be to gallop a horse. ; be
tau a race course. toa" pi" phit be a soli-
bau-si lio ; it is already tive o'clock in the morn-
; ;
si be; an inspector of
thi" from chut Iniu dawn is tary horseman, cavalry,
ing, kng in, jit ;
be tui a procession of horsemen. be keng; a
three to five, and sunrise from tive to seven ;
fancy dress parade. hfang be chak; mounted

o'clock. tang thi" bau put kien chau the ;
robbers. khia koi b^ to i-ide on one's shoul-
before seven o'clock ;
grass cannot be discerned be ka;n kie" tl-.e horse's bits.

baa ni se" kai nang,
der, ; be-i"; a
in a winter's morning.
si k\e-c6 sio" tho those born in the fourth year high stool, sue kui" kha be-i", thoi" hi hired ;
;
a high trestle, to sit on and see the play. be-
of the cycle of twelve are called hares. tiara
cah-i" a folding chair,
; phah tie" be-cah-i" 1(5
bau to call the roll.
; go bau fail to be pre- ;
CO spread a folding chair and sat down, cam
sent at roll-call. thoi ban 8ul)stitutes. in ;
be to a long knife, used in war for cutting the

;
bau ansvk-er by a substitute, pi ban recreant ;

;
;
legs of cavalry horses. be tui ; a company of
debtors to government. cie" bau young ;
learners how to conduct public business, in the cavalry. feng be; the part of a lamp which
i u bau mia" a bo ? Has he a name
carries the wick. pha cie" be; to mount a
yamun.
the learners at the
hor.se. pha loh be dismount from a horse,
;
among yamun ?
pha cie" be sin cu tieh khia; if you mount a
^
Z^\^
bau
582
'72
5
The
bau die"
Pleiades.
;
bau jit koi tho ;
horse j'ou must ride him.
;
be-keng fo khin
po-keng the bows used by the cavalry are
lighter than those used by the infantry. bJ-
Pleiades, bau che" hlk liap; the Pleiades are
ci" pi po-ci" io koi sia tieh the arrows used by
six stars. ;
— be — the cavalry are easier to shoot than are those

used by the infantry. mia" be a famous ;
BE be 187 A horse ; cavalry ; warlike ;

horse; a noted person. chiah be; ko be; one
671 the white knight in
>»>*/ spirited ; employed to do work that his employer ought
chess. to do. CO be to do work that another ought
;
cek ciah be ; cek phit be' ; one horse, khia be; and is unable to do. kim bo pang be to for- ;
" "
to ride a horse. be ko a stallion, be b(5 ; a ; bid the employment of ponies at a literary
mare. toa be; a full grown horse. be kia°; examination. liah tieh kiii kai be; caught
a colt, toa pak be ; a Mongolian horse, choi" several " ponies." kia" khui ce, mai° khut be
]i be ; a swift courier ; a fast horse. be na° ; a thak tieh withdraw a little, so as not to bo
;
saddle. be pi") a horsewhip. be sph ; a kicked by the horse. khut be tab tieh tread ;
bridle, or halter. be chia ; a carriage drawn upon by a horse; injured by an irresponsible

by horses. be chiang ; a shed for horses, be person. be pue in ju gu pue lin ; it is better
pang; a stable. be thua chia; horses draw to be carried by an ox (from which you will
carts. be-lOng-thau the headstall. 10k be; ; not fall) than by a horse (which will throw
to guide a horse, lek tiig be tnau to rein the ;
you off), be ua" pi to be sin teng; the .saddle
horse about, lek cu be to i-ein up and stop a ; is carried on the horse's back. gu chia, b^
horse. puah loh be ; to fall off a horse. be cai carried by oxen and horses.
; phau be .sia
hwn-to, ai" loh ho when the hor.ses roll it is
; ci" ; shoot arrows from the back of a horse run-
going to rain, be-lek-to a surcingle, be-tah- ; ning at full gallop, be niin long faced, lam ;
teng; a stirrup. be-ua°-kie the pommel of a ; jin seng cun, pak jin khia be southerners tra- ;
saddle. be-phue a saddle-cloth. be-c6;a

; vel by boat, and northerners on horse back, cp
manger. be lio be chau provender. ;
be ; kai be to stand with the knees bent and the
;
than a pier. ; be lo ; a verandah. be th&u feet far apart. cp ke be to squat down, ;

be
cieh a stone landing.
; be hu khang be kai ; ; S,u phau reserve force. ;
mai" chong i kai be'
a groom. liu be; to exercise a horse for its than do not cross over in front of his horse,
;
health. ho be; a gentle horse. be toi a ; khi be the horse that leads the procession,
;
horse's hoof the water-chestnut,

;
be toi hun ; cieh nang, cieh be ; statue of a man on horse
flour made from the water-chestnut. be cang back. hiiara be hijara nang khia refractory ;
mo"; horse's mane. teng be; an attendant horses find reckless riders. ho be ra ciah hiie
12 DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
ihaa chaa; gentle horses do not turn their tea leaves. to bull rice. ceng bf ; to
oi bi ;
heads to eat from stalls behind them. sa'- pound rice, to measure rice,
nie bf tiuh bf;
;
klifi-be; a three legged stool. phah khui sa"- to buy rice. piia hi; to winnow rice. bi buo
kha-be; to unfold a stand having jointed legs, oi, kie-cp chek ; rice that has not been passed
i be, sim vvn a restless mind.
; ifig sph be a ; tlirough the hulling mill is called paddy. bf
rujiaway horse. tham be spies. bo gu, siii ;

cu Ho, bo am ksli kie cp pfig, fl am kai kie c6
be; if you have not an ox, you must use (he raue"; cooked rice having no porridge with it is
horse. 'axg kU'U tliili chiu khui hue, be se" called l)oiled rice, while that having porridge
kak wait tell iron trees blo.ssom, and horses
;
with it is called congee. bi hiin ;
rice flour.
have horns. be uang ia a god, worshiped ;
bi ceng hu kie-co choi ;
when rice is finely
soldiers. be'-kiii ; the seven legged spider, pulverized it is called rice-flonr. bl-c-hoi ;
by
coar.se rice flour, bi hun kna"; vermicelli made
be-leng-khia ; a large spider that carries its
young in a nest attached to its belly. p6-be; from rice flour. cut bi ci ; large cakes made
an artificial horse, used in theatres. cua-be ; from glutinous rice, cut-bi i'; ciam-bi i' ; pel-
paper horses burned in idol worship. cau be lets of boiled paste, made from rice flour.
teng a revolving lantern.

;
cf kai nang ho
bi 9 The position of a steelyard-bar,
keng be ; this man is expert in shooting with a
bow from on horseback, be khuai ; constables f^ 877 5 when the body weighed is a
who catch thieves. bo siu bo sSp, kio be-liu- very little lighter than what is indicated by
sin hie"-se"; as unkempt as a roving sprite,
the notch at which the steelyard weight ba-
cek ngan in chut, si be ITing tui when a word is lances it.
;
once spoken, a team of horses cannot bring it teng tieh io bt rather light weight.
; bQi khio
back. ua t(5 kuah be cliau, lu t<5 tie" mi-ie°, bi, pe° chin kue the beam tilts neither the one
;
chap M
co-p{i Ho, lia kai to boi pa ; I cut grass
way nor the other, but stands level, and thus
for horses, and you tend sheep; if I stay along weighed I hand it over to yon. Hah pe'-pS'
with you stomach never be le",mki" Hah khio bi treat them just alike,
my will filled. ;
Bhowing no more respect to the one than to the
M bd
572
112 Weights
or goods ; figures, numerals
10
huap bfc-chin ; standard balances. si-be-chin ;
for weighing money
other.
"™ bi 80 The sound made

ducks— bi
in calling
balances that weigh sixteen taels to the catty. 5F=r 1051 7 bi bi bi.
cok si-bd full weights ; the regular weights. ah-b! ;
a toy duck.
;
be-kia"; be-ci; weights for weighing money. hi 85 To dive to swim under water.
phah am be; put a ^^fi^ ;
ji-be; figures; numerals.
"i/JV 1149 6 bi cui to dive into the water,
private mark on down ;
it.
phah be-kia° write
;
bi kue khoi; swim across the river under water,
the figures.
bl miieh-kia°; to dive and bring up bl
things,
199 cui kai nang divers. bl tieh cek peh ngun
beh Wheat. ; ;
dived and brought up a hundred dollars. 6i

583 wheat,
si'e bell ; common
toa bdh ; barley. sia oi bi can swim both above and below the
.sa°-kak beh buckwheat. ;
cek kai khiii, bl jieh ku ? How long

;
beh-sQi an ear of wheat. surface.

; beh-kp wheat ;
can one stay under water with but one inspira-
stubble. beh-kp-chan bo a hat made of ;
wheat straw, beh pho bran. tion of breath ?

beh hu; flour ;
made from parched wheat. beh choi ; coar.se

wheaten flour, beh kiie wheaten cakes, beh
bl 75 The eighth in the cycle of
^bi.
luah strips of dried paste.
; kuah beh ; to
;
^J\ 1052 1 twelve, symbolized by the goat,
bl si from 1 to 3 o'clock P.M. bi giieh the
reap wheat.
;
oi beh ; to grind wheat. ;
phah 6th month. bi ni the year of the goat, bl

beh; sut bg!i to thresh wheat, beh ge; wheat
;
;
ni chut si kie-cp sie" ie°; one bora in the
sprouts, used in medicine. year
of the goat is called a goat.
.Î^
/^|V 590
hi 119
small grains.
Rice, hulled but not cooked
pSh bi; clean hulled rice, chp bf; imperfectly

hulled rice, cut bi glutinous rice,
;
%
ing, relish.
bi
1053 6
30 To
a dainty
relish
;
;
to take pleasure in
taste, flavor, season-
;
ciam bi ngo-bi-ke a cruet-stand.

water grown rice.
;
; ;
ngo-bi ri the seed ;
he" bi dried prawns! ; of the Kitdsura Chinensis, in which the five

sie° ciah kai si ciam
bl; water grown rice is tastes are supposed to reside it is used in me- :
the kind that is

commonly eaten. t§-bl ; dry dicine, kiam, sng, tiam, hiam, kho, ciu si
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 13
ngo bi salt, sour, sweet, pungent, and bitter,

; newly built temples. sia"-hng bie; the muni-
are the five tastes. bo bi bo so insipid. h<5 ; cipal temple in a walled city. th6-(I bio the ;
bl-s6 ;
delicious. bp cu bi ; very toothsome, temple of the local god. ehe"-leng bie; tem-
sit bi ;
lose flavor. cau bi ;
its flavor has de- ple of the green dragon. jip bie sie hie" go ;
parted, ia bi; a gamey flavor ;

delicacies of the into the temple to burn incense. khu keng-
forest. sua" tien bai In ;
delicacies from land bie ko pai, cab ngun-tia", hie", cek; go to the
and sea. hah bi, in hah palatable, or un-
bi ; temple to worship, taking spirit-money, in-
palatable, bi ho it ;
tastes good, khi-bi ; the cense, and candles.
bo niih bi rather insipid. chau ip
savor.
bi a close smell musty.
;
khi bi luscious, ;
;
;
— bih —
kph bi changed its flavor. hi phi" tieh sim- bib 63
;
Flat, thin, flattened out.
mih 1)1 :
you smell and see vi'hether it is good,
6ii7 kai thau bih-bih it has a
5 i ;
chau kai bi, phang kai bi a bad smell or a ; flat khoih bih-bih; to flatten by squeez-
head,
season a more,
good smell, koi" bi ce ;
it little
ing between two boards. te° bih squeezed ;
llehu ci ie° loh khu ab bi ; you must add this, flat. teh bih crushed flat. ;
khut nang lun
to niake the taste just right. cie^-se" io u bi ; kau bih-bih flat
; trampled by people.
thus it is more relishable. b6 bi ; insipid it ;
does not affect me particularly. ci kai nang bih To crouch down to lie per-
A-j^ 9_ ;
bo 1 ang bi this fellow is not human.

;
bo cu |/\ 1624 due to crouch for the purpose
;
bi ;
no taste for the beautie.- of books. slt-cai of concealment.
u has truly a fraternal disposition,
hia''-tl bi ;
ce bih ke cu tok i m tieh as he crouched, the ;
cbvvn bo ang-cia bi wholly destitute of con- ; knife failed to hit him. me"-me" bih-cau ;
sin bi the first of the season, ran away quickly crouching out of sight, bih
jugal tastes. ;
lau bi old fruits.;

mui bi ;
well-flavored, kau nang chfle m tieh hid away so that he ;
chu-bi; pretty, amusing, interesting. could not be found, koi bih loh khu the hen ;
— bie — squats in order to get out of sight. i am-ce"
bih cek chiu ke-hue to hu-kp he secretly con- ;
To cealed a pile of weapons there.

•IrH* bie 64 trace, to limn, to sketch.
J pq 591 T bie ji to trace letters through
;
bih 118 Bamboos or reeds split into
bie sfa to trace letters, laying thin ^^glT
paper. ;
the characters to be copied. bie i h^'Q 593 11 strips splints slats.

paper over
; ;
kau sketch-
i to
phua tek bih he is making splints. cfa
kai ie°; limn its likeness, bie sio ;
;
ai" bih-cho" kai a bih-nng kai ? Would you use

ed a good likeness.
the outer or the inner portion of the bamboo
ffiQ bie 147 To peek to peep to espy. ; ;
for this ? thang-kho bih slats used for ;
lil^ 1011 11 i to bie thoi" u khang-khiah bucket-hoops.

a bo he comes and peeps about to see if there
;
— bio —
is any chink for him to see through. lu mai°
38 Wonderful
bio subtle
lai to bie thoi", ua cai you need not come and ; j>|^ myster- ; ;
6924 ious.
spy around, 1 know you are there, i tia°-tieh lai
bie thoi", nang thau-soi° fl i as he is sure to bio cS,i very wonderful,
;
sim bio very subtle, ;
;
come spying around, we will prepare for him keng bio more difiicult to fathom.
;
kek bio;
beforehand, bo bie ;
no peeking allowed. extremely abstruse, au-bio mysterious, kha ;
bio ingenious.
;
bio huap an admirable me- ;
bie 109 The eyes half shut to squint.

;
thod, bio chi'u a skilled artist or physician,
;
§
B^^
inak
951
kau
T^ mak bie-bie ; squint-eyed, bio koi a capital scheme.
;
khi bio surpri-
bio sie"; subtle thought. bio
;
tie" bie-ble ;
she aflêcts languor by singly clever.
pin a fine thing, bio ieh a wonderful remedy,
keeping her eyelids half closed. ; ;
sin bio ; supernatural. sin bio bo pi; incom-

bie 53 A temple ;
a fane. parably perfect.
tral temple.
592 12 thai bie ; the impei'ial ances-
ke bie c6 bie an ancestral
— bit —
; ;
temple. sin bie an idol temple.

;
bie u ;
bit 142 Honey ;
nectar ; sugary.
temples of every kind, cek co bie one temple, ; 596 8
phang-bit honey. bit- ;
bun bie a temple where civil oflBcers worship,

;
phang; honey-bees, bit-lah bees-wax. pp-16- ;
bu bie a temple where warriors worship, bie

;
bit the ja( k-fruit.
;
peh bit white honey, ;
cok; a temple curator, a sexton. sin khi bie ; eph bit pure white honey. ISu bit old honey.
; ;
14 DICTIONAET OP THE SWATOW DIALECT.
taxes ? wn-nie cie bd

tang bit honey made in winter.
bit kng ;
in si sJQg-sio ; govern-
;
kuah b!t to take up honey, bit- ment taxes are reckoned according to the
honey jar. ;
tubee-hives. bit cira ; pre.served in number of acres. un ci'-kp kai ti pi nin kp io

phang ;
tui bit; hd reng-coh, cek bd siu ke cek ue; our land here
honey, iigau bit ; steeped in honey.
made into a paste with honey, bit thang ka°; is better than is yours for agriculture, and we
bit sek straw-color. khph can get twice as much from it. ci kp chan
sugary oranges. ;
ki chin ju buah bit a thdi" tieh bd-sia" io dih I should think this lot
;
bit; prepared lioney. ;
mouth honied words. bit sai bee- the smaller.

speaking ;
bread, bit phoh ; honey-comb, bit sin ;

cells
bd 98 bd-toa"; the peony.
in honey comb. 588 8 bd-toa" phue the bark of the ;
bit 85 To submerge to sink in. ; peony used in medicine.

593 10 16h khu bit thau bit hiah,
^^ "^ mold ; a form or guide to go
'^^
hfam-hfam kek si sank in over head and ears Atlf
and came very near being drowned,
;
khta loh ^^ 605 by; a pattern.

11
in k&i c-ng-thau bo; to set one's signature by
khu, bit pin ll-ko ? When you stand in it, how
far up does it reach ? tab loh khu, bit kau pressing the inked thumb on a document. cu
tia" kai tiii"-b6 the molds used in casting iron
kha-thau-u stepped on it, and sank up to my
;
;
khu hwn-lio pans ; thd bd ; a clay mold. cieh bd a stone

knees. 6i-t6i kui^-kiii", tab 16h ;
khu shoes were mold.

bit ; tliough the soles of my
very high, 1 still sank to their tops when I step-
bd 116 The
vault of heaven, refer-
pod on it. 667 ring to its arched expanse,
12
— bo — am-bd; over-arching; rounding upward; a space
hollowed out. i k4i Io" am-bo am-bd it is of a
b6 88 A wife, nng bo; husband and vaultlike shape. miii" cp khah am-bd do not
;
866 5 wife, bo kia°; wife and child- make it so that it rounds upward too raach.
ren, chua bo
marry a wife. ;
sieh bo be ;
kind to a wife, iii h6; afraid of a wife, chau- bo 62 The fifth in the cycle of ten
rljr ;
thau kai bo his first wife.

; ki chii kai bo ; />W 1062 1 it relates to earth,
ciap ki k&i bo inferior wife. ; Su b6 second ; bo si sdk c&p thien-kang. ci cap kai si thien-
soi" kai bo hd, 5u k&i b6 ili-hd
wife. his ;
kaug, sdk iang; hu c^p-jl kî si ti-ci", sdk im ;
former wife was a good one, his pre.sent wife is these ten are the heavenly cycle, and pertain to
not. cang cau-kia° ke khut i co bd gave his ; the male principle in nature those twelve are ;
daughter to him to be his wife, chua i kfti a- the earthly cycle and pertain to the female
ko CO bo married his aunt.
;
i kai b6 si lin
principle in nature. cftp thien-kang, Ijii phui
kai pie kai his wife is our cousin. b<5 kai ci-
;
c&p-jl tl-ci°, eng kku lak-cap kai cQ kau the ;
nitie kie-co chi-i; a wife's sisters are called

cycle of ten reckoned ten times, matches the
sisters-in-law.
cycle of twelve reckoned five times.
"lll^
bo 102 The Chinese acre, which is
— bdi —
iHAi 588
6 733 I square yards, or about bdi 154 To buy.
one sixth of an English acre, 573 6 bdi hiie bays goods.
;
bdi
chan bo; rice fields, cek bo tl an acre of ; siu ;
to buy in. bdi cak ; bought the full
land. cek khwn si cek peh bd the largest bdi poi"; to purvey; a comprador,
;
quantity.
land mea.sure is one hundred acres. ni'n hak cham chui
bdi kaucuang; bays wholesale.
u jieh coi bo chan-hng ? How many acres of bdi to buy at retail or buy piecemeal.
; bdi
arrable land do you own ? ci'-kd kai chan, ke
pin lio bought and made ready.
; cp bdi boi ;
hue, hak u jieh coi bd ? Of] the fields about be a trader. bdi boi seng-li ; the bnsine.ss of
here, how many acres are owned by those a merchant. siu bdi kd-tdng curiosities ;
who own the most ? bd ti, cia ka u jieh coi bought here, bdi lai kui, boi khu phi"; bought
thng ? How much sugar can you get from an dear and sold cheap. bdi chiah-kha bought ;
acre of sugar cane? cia" cap bd ti hun-kuah ; a concubine. bdi chiah-kha kia"; bought a
about ten acres of sweet potatoes. ci ko chu- female slave. bdi .«ua°; buy thread ; employ a
ti u cap bd khuah ; this building lot contains detective. bdi jip boi chat ; buy in and sell
ten acres. ci kai ti cie° khuah, cek ni eng lap out. bdi hdk ndng sim win people's hearts,
;
jieh coi bd chan nie ? On a piece of land as bdi si i kai sim ; get complete possession of his
large as this how much must be paid annually affections. bdi chan-hng chu-ok ; buy land
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALKCT. 15
and houses, i to bdi boi ;

he is engaged in kiie lu cfa ma,k bp le There they were under !
trade. your useless eyes bd ngun capital. ! b(5 ci"; ;
b(5 lai capital and interest.

;
b(5 thau the ori- ;
*&i^ ~~T* boi Cannot; unable incapable.

;
ginal capital. tang bp, m tang liii the same ;
Can he or can
nkj ^"^ 616 ioiaboi? capital but not the same income, bo bd, kang-
liai i boi ciah
he not boi I cannot do it.
? lia ; kang lai has no capital, but only his earnings,
;
boi ut caused him to lose both appetite and

;
bd se° lai, lai se° bp capital produces interest ;
kliali tang, boi ta°; it is too heavy, I and interest produces capital. lai khi bp, b<5
sleep.
cannot carry it. >7i cai i oi a boi; do not know khi Ijli the interest increases the capital, and
;
whether he is able to do it or not. then the capitnl increases the interest, so" ua
cek peh ngun bp lent me a hundred dollars on ;
^^ boi 154 To sell.

m
interest. ngiak bp the source of the disease, ;
^^ 574
cannot
8
ai" boi, bo nang ai"; wants to sell
boi tio ;
sold off. boi khu ;
mo" ju-ju kio kiii-bd teii ie"; hair touseled like
sell. an elf's. sui bp ke pe came with his mother ;
it bat nobody wants it. m kam boi not will- ;

when she married his father. b(5-bp ne a ;
ing to sell it. boi rae°; evening sales. chut

girlish boy effeminate clinging to his mother.
; ;
boi for sale.

;
chain-chui bo boi will not sell ;
at retail, boi kau cuang; wholesale, kau

sell
JtL bo 80 A prohibitive negative adveib.
kia° cVa" u boi sold only by the lot. boi sin ; 1060 not allow
;
Ty* bp lu jip lai; will
sold himself. tau boi taa boi ; trade in con- will not let him
you to enter. bp i t£g kliu ;
traband boi tu-kia"; sell pigs ; sell

articles. bo lu You shall not sit
return. cp, ciu si !
into foreign servitude, hwn boi nang khau ; down, so there ! bo ui tek si ;
do not oppo.se
sell girls into brothels. boi nang-cheng khut this special edict.
i ; to
curry favor, boi chut ceng-ceng ci"; sell
for cash. boi sih png ; sell at less than cost,
&A^ bo 86 Kw adverb of negation with- ;
khut i boi; betrayed by him. boi kok betray ; ^\\\ 1059 8 out destitute of; none; not. ;
one's country. si boi si boi sold as soon as ; i u a

bp ? Has he any or not ? bo there are none, ;
bought. boi lien barter one's honor. boi ;

bo nang cp nobod}" makes any. ; bp pua° kai ;
pang; let prisoners away. boi bo ke kia" kai there is not even half of one. i bp a-bp he ;
ci" i to ai°; he will take the price of his wife is motherless. bo tang se" u made out of ;
and children- nothing unfounded. ; bp khp nî ho there is ;
— ho — no help for it. bo i tit tieh kfii gotten un-

bo sim no interest in it.
;
expectedly, bp ;
. VtI^ bp 80 A mother a dara ;

that which ; huap; bp po; there is no way to remedy it. bp
•^ 605 1 produces ;
the source of. eng useless.
;
bo cp-ni nothing at all. i bp ;
i kai a-bp ; bp bp he is mother-

his mother, i ;
co-ni ta°; he did not say anything about it. bd
less, sio i a-bp resembles his mother, keng-
; heng bo sie"; no form nor likeness. bp su no ;
hau pe-bp filial conduct toward parents.

; bp business on hand. bo su phi"; no selfish end
chin own mother.
;
cu bp my master's wife, ;
in view, ciang bo cp u; make much ado about
kok bp the empress- dowager.
; ngak bp a ; nothing. bp mih kxen-sek not much ex- ;
wife's mother. S,u b(5 step-mother, tek bp ; ; pei'ience, bo sim miJi hp not very good, al" ;
the chief wife of one's father, ki bp the second ;

bo lio is almost gone or nearly used up.
; b6
wife of one's father, the first being dead. su ia bo ciah there is not a particle of truth in it.
;
bp an inferior wife of one's father, chut bp

; ;
cia bo ta i ua nothing can be done about it.
;
a rejected wife of one's father. jii bp

ni bp ; ;
i bo ta ua ua what I do is nothing to him.
;
a foster mother. se" bp the own mother of ;

cia ua bo ta lu ua I have no way to prevent ;
one whose father has several wives, iang bp ; your doing so. lu bp ta lia ua 3'Oa have no ;
mother, by adoption. chu l>p loving mother, ; control over me. pheng-teng kai nang 10 c5i
cai bp midwife. ;
ko a-b(5 an old woman ; ta" cia ue, cie°-e-piie ciu bo mih coi ta" cia ue ;
employed as housekeeper. cu png bp an old ;

this is said most frequently by equals to each
female domestic. 15q b<5 an aged mother, ; other, those of unequal rank or age do not very
cu bp hwn a link consisting of a large and
;
often speak thus, bo tia" tieh it is uncertain, ;
small ring. jT
b<5 the radicals in Chinese ; bp cS,a hue no chance. bo ke kai ; there are
;
characters, cio bp the mother bird, koi bp ; ;

no more. huh-ce-kie bo khu suddenly dis- ;
a hen. to. bp a sow, gu bp a cow, be b<5

; ; ; appeared, hp kai bp lio ; the good ones are
a mare. thi" ti pe bp Father Heaven and ; all used up. bo pua" nang to there was not ;
Mother Earth. mak bo useless eyes. b6 ;

a single soul there. i b6 ai" lai ; he does notS
16 DICTIONAKY OF THB SWATOW DIALECT.
intend to come, i b6 ue h6 ta°; he had nothing to take off a cap. toa bd ; the hat worn in
to say. i bo sira-mih hua''-hi he was not veiy ; making formal visits. sie bo a skull-cap.
;
well pleased, i bo mill

pat he doe.s not know ;
bd kia"; a turban or bonnet. jvng eng bd ;
much about it. loh bo khaiig-khiie work ;

a hat with a red tasslo. liangbd a light cap. ;
without accompliKliiiig anything. bo thang tang bo winter hat. ;

tg\\ bd a fur bonnet, ;
lio eheng has nothing to wear,

;
bo iah of no ; huang bd a cloth uood. ; ci° bd a felt hat. ;
benefit. b6 hie" ngia not so handsome. G si sai-thftu bd; a bonnet, with ears, worn
;
by
fl, u si b6 ; sometimes (here i.s, and sometimes cliildren. chiiu bo a straw hat. uang b5, a ;
there is not. bo (U-clieh hd tliak have uo king's crown. thai-«u bd, a coronet.
;
huang.
book to rend. b6 chii hd khla-klii; no house ti bd an imperial crown.
;
cam-eng bd a ;
to dwell in. b6 kfa" \\6 ng ; no sons to depend helmet, se bo official caps, m kii se bo re-
;
;
upon, phien i b6 ; de(;eived him into thinking gardless of emolument. chic bo hats worn ;
tliere was none. i bd co

;
he does not. nmko at court.
any. bo Qa hng ; not very far. hd kie, bo lai ;
if he is not called lie will not come. a si b6, bo 112 A mill for grinding grain.
hd khu boi if there are none, go and buy some, C02 11
turn amill.
;
phah bd
oi bO; ;
lia bo me" i I did not revile him.

; ua bo cut the stones for a mill, bo c&i the pivot of ;
khieh I did not take it.

;
b6 d" b6 ngfin ; a mill-stone. cui bo a mill turned by water, ;
neither cash nor dollars. bo ang bo ki'a*; cieh bo a stone mill.; Ld khi the cogs on a ;
neither husband nor children. lia la bo; I mill-stone: bo-e-tun the nether millstone. ;
also am destitute of then). lia b6, hi la bd ;

neither you nor I have any. cek ni bo sie bd — bii —
sit; there has been no tidings from liim for a
wliole year. bo sin-khi spiritless lacking ; ;
bii
Posture-making. 13H
vigor. bd slm-mih li-iah of no special ;
1062 8 dancing and tumbling,
thio-bii ;
benefit. ciam-clam bo khu; gradually dis- ko-bu singing and dancing.

; bii kiam fenc- ;
appeared, ciah kau bd ate it all up. lid cek ; ing, bii-long play a doable part, bii-pl
; sur- ;
ti'ain cha-chd; not the least mistake in it. iS reptitiously, kd bii pantomimes, bu it per- ; ;
sini-niih chiet-io a bd
there anything es- ? Is form as mummers, who act in relays of eight,
pecially important ? bo nang cai ; nobody at the worship of ancestors.
knows. bd much hd eng ; have nothing to
use. bo ko hd hiah nowhere to stop. ;
bd kd bu
pacify
64
soothe manage.To ;
to ;
lid pang; no <-hun bd ; no 145 to rear or nurture,

12
place to put it in. f%vi bu-iang ;
remainder. chiin bd cek sut-kia"; scarcely a t&ng sdi bii-iang kau toa; reared up from child-
bit left. bo u pat ksli ; there is no other one. liood. ua"-bii peh-se"; to manage the people,
bo i bd ko notliing to depend upon.
; khau- bu-i" bu-thai ; sun-bti
; the governor of a ;
sueh bd peng; explanation does not serve for province.

proof, bd peng-kfi ; without proof. bd bl bd
so insipid useless.
; ;
bo chai-chfing; stolid, bii 77 Military ; warlike ;
martial.
lia bd u su I am not concerned in it.
;
bd than 1061 4 bun bii; civil and military,
bo bvie ; without method; having no systematic bii kua"; bii ciang; military officers. bii-
arrangement. thd bo demanded it but got ; thdng cadets. ;

khi bun, c!a bu discard the ;
nothing. si fi a st bd ? Is it to be or not ? civil service and enter the military. oh bii ;

bd kd hd ta"; did not know what to say next, learn military tactics. oh bu goi learn to be ;
bd mill u not mndi of it.

;
bo toa, bd sdi ; no a soldier. bii hu a soldierly man. lien bu
; ;
distinction of rank. bd ci'a bd lu'a none of ; practised in warfare. bii tie"; an arena for
the necessary appliances. bd sia" bd tia"; no military trials. eng-hiong bo eng-bii cu ti ;
certainty about it. bo kui" bd ke ; level. bd a valiant a field to make con-

man without
khin bo tfing without partiality. ;
bd tng bd quests in. bun bu hiie ; intense heat. bii-
i6 just exactly the right length.
; bd kua" t\Vn hie"-li ; to intimidate the villages. bun
bd jiiah just a pleasant temperature.
; bo bii hak civil and military authority.
;
ta bu
sin ; dress in military costume. boi bii ; a
cbeng bo su ; no politeness. bd khiong ; in-
exhaustible, bd chgng bd if ; no correct mock battle, bu cien ; prepared as for a fight.
principles. ka instruct in military tactics.
bii ;
bii-bu
io-bu iang-ui ; martial
S bd 50 A cap, hat, bonnet or hood.
ne a martial air.
;
splendor and dignity. bu ia"; a military

IP H 582 9 ti bd wear a hat. pak tio bd
; ; camp.
DICTIONARY OF THE BWATOW DIALECT. 17
64 To attack with weapons to bS extraneous sources of profit. bii gfla ;

iM^ bii ;
;
attend to outside concerns, bii-pit tieh (^"-se";

.^p*- 13 charge upon, 395
and it is necessarily so. bii-sn tieh n& kp ; must
i khia ki thui cu bu kliu ; he took a club
i khut i bu certainly stay, bu-pit indispensable. su-bii

charged upon them. puah loh ;
khu they were knocked down bj his onset. coi; has many functions; has much to attend to.
;
bu si; to set upon and kill.

bu 169 To blurt forth to fire upon ; ;
234 14 to destroy as a cannon does,

^B 1061
'**^'w**/
^^^ 1^
7
"^ parrot that can talk.
eng-bii; a parrot. pgh eiig-
i kai chu kliut toa
phaa bu to kliu; his house
was blown down by the cannon, bii si kui cap
bu ; eng-bu 6i ta° Oe, hwn sng si
a cockatoo.
Tthng killed several tens of persons by the
cio though parrots can talk they are still
;
;
reckoned among birds. blast. bu tim i kai ciin sunk their ship by
;
firing upon it. c/a phau khah soi ki, bu i
bu 9 To ridicule and bo bl cannon is too small, firing it has no

this
neglect. ;
1061 7 bu-loiig make game effect. bii kau i kai la°

;
to of. bii- chap-chap-clmi fired ;
bvvn ;
to lord it over. upon their intrenchment and blew it to pieces.
To carry the head high; high ba 30 To blow out of the mouth in

Mbu 414
156
thoi" tieh bii-bii appears very gallant.

2" and mighty,
sin-
M
P§ 830 12 the form of vapor to spurt
out of the mouth,
;
bu ciii lio cia" ho sau <0; spurt water out of the

sip kaa ne bu-bii ; apparelled in such a way as
to appear very menacing. mouth to settle the dust, and then you may
sweep the floor, ciah cui-hun bu tam to; those
TlT bu 48 Enchantment magic. ;
who smoke strong tobacco spit all over the
— I * 1059 4 lam-bu ;
a wizzard. n
nng-bu ;
floor.
a witch.
bu 173 Mist vapor in the air.
;
bu 149 To affirm what is false, with 1062 10 hun-bu; misty, hwt bu be-
II
P_L* 1059
malicious intentions to in
7 ; misty. mong-bu mong-bu very foggy, ;
;
culpate falsely; to invent a staleraent; to u-bn, ai" loh ho the sky is cloudy, it is
;
calumniate. bu-lua nang to implicate un- ;

going to rain, in-bu; steam, sua" khut bu cah
justly, bu ham ; to involve so as to injure, tieh the view of the land is cut off by the
bu si, hok min delude the people. bu-ko ai"
; vapor pin koi" ba-ba, li hng ciu thoi" rn ki" ;
hwn ho bu-ko nang a lying charge

CO, ku-chu rn ;
the ai r is full of mist, so that
you cannot see
brings down its punishment on the accuser, far.
therefore make no lying charges. ili ho bu
Hang ui tau, m ho bu liang ui chiang do not ;

^^C bu J09 Dim bedimmed.
;
falsely accuse the upright of theft and the pure ^^ 688

9 mak bu-bii; my eyes are dim.
of lewdness. pi nang bu kai ; subjected to a
mak thoi" tieh peh-bu peh-bu ;
his vision is
false accusation. clouded.
bu 53 A porch or vestibule. bu 120 New and lustrous like white

'jn\ 1062 12 liang bu a summer portico, ;
141 4 silk,
tang bu, sai bu ; east and west piazzas. iSi bu, peh-bu, peh-bu clean and bright, ;
peh kau Qi
gtia bu ;
inner and outer galleries. bu of dazzling whiteness.
;
^mt
V»^
^^ }^9. Overgrown with weeds.
1059 12 chan-hng huang-bii ; neglected
— bila —
fields. bua 112 To grind to polish to over-; ;
602 11
bear; to reduce to powder,
^^
\J//
bii
1062 8
19 To bend the mind to a subject;
to strive after; concerns busi-
biia cieh ;
stone, biia lai-lai
a grind-stone, bua to cieh a whet- ;
ness an intensive
;
sharpen by grinding, biia
;
particle ; certainly. pgh-peh scour it white, biia pe"-pe"; grind it

;
;
business, kong bu public affairs, ke till it is even, biia ciam-ciam

6^-bu ; ;
grind it off to ;
bu domestic concerns.
; cwn bii thak cu a point. biia poh-poh ; grind it down thin,
;
devoted to study. co tieh bii pun ; in the m biia to (o grind a knife,
; biia cheng polish a ;
transaction of business there must be undivided biia kia"; polish a mirror.
gun. biia kau ne
attention, long bii; agricultural affairs, gua kim-kim; polish to a great brilliancy, eng ieh
bfia kh,n ne kng-kng, cie-ki" nang; use powder plan flxed upon. buah kang lai ; come in at
and rub it till it is very smooth, so you can see an interlude in the work. bnah phang \ki ;
cieh bua kau kng-kut kng- come when there is an interval of leisure.
your face in it.
kut polish stones so that they shine. bfta
;
liun-kuah hiin make potato flour, bua khara;

;
"zt buah 75powder. Fine dust ;
to scan, in order to criminate the writer of a '^V 604 1 medicinal pow- ieh buah ;
ders, ngoi bfiah bmy into powder. ai° ngoi

docninont. bua lien; to pass through affliction. ;
CO soi buah (ieh ngoi iu''-iu"; if you wish to

raai° bua khah thiam; do not grind him down
too severely, bua-lek khah thfam treated him ;
make fine powder, you must pulverize it till it
with too extreme harshness, bfia-l'li nang; to
is very small. ngoi bfiah lio, kap co ieh-i';
overbear people, bua kau Bi; to treat so harshly

when you have brayed it into a fine powder,
then work it up into pills. buah ieh-bilah ;
as to kill, kang ji chut thAu, biia cia° Iftu k&u;
when working people make themselves conspi- apply a medicinal powder.
cuons they will got reduced to the condition
buah 167 Cymbals.
of apes.
709 6 phah buah ; he
i t<$ is soand-
To drudge; ing the cymbals.
/^l baa 18 to toil hard; to
>V 607 10 moil.
— biiang —
bua me° to do ; niglit work. mai" bfia khah
thiam do not toil (oo closely. bOa khah hek ^ 88
cu ai" sie" tieh
;
;
if you moil too severely you ^^%
7^ biiang
1045 8
Disorderly ;
wild ; reckless,
unseemly ;
will suffer for it afterward.

khuang-buang cfti ;
frantically. biiang co,
biiang ui; disorderly conduct. biiang (fi cun
162 To approach to bring near ;
bua chka biiang
;
toa; wildly boast of one's self.
i)r 401 4 close beside near to. ;
unseemly, chwn bo biiang suah peh-se°; never
;
cha Ml bua cannot bring them together, mki

; executes people without reason. ue mai'
c6 khah bda do not sit too close to it.;
kia'
biiang ta"; do not talk at random.
bfia lai sin pi"; come up close beside rao. c<in
sal bua kham-kha sail the boat close up to ; *r*~^ buang 61 To disregard to forget or ;
the bank. IUa^ 1044 8 neglect,

— buah — buang piin forget a benefactor or parent,
;
buang un, hfi ngl be ungrateful. put I6ng
n
;
buah 64 To smear ;
to daub ;
to rub buang chSng I can never forget this kindness.
;
604
6 on ; to wipe away, Q k&i kjen buang kai pe"; is very forgetful, or
buah hiin lay on a white cosmetic.
;
buah in- absent minded. cek si buang-k\"; it slipped
111 ;
to put on rouge. buah ieh ; to rub with a my mind at the moment.
medicine, buah ieh-ko smear with ointment, ;
^ *• 8 lost
buah pit to .smear the pen in the ink. cang -| buang Destroyed ; ; utterly
;
iu buah thau-nio"; to put oil on the hair, buah L^ 1044 1 gone,

iu annoint.
;
buah khui to wipe away, chi'u ;
sf buang; dead and gone. tin buang;
buah m khui, khia ki to lai kio if you cannot ; destroyed in battle. pai buang; utterly
defeated, chut buang a forgotten fugitive in
wipe it off with you hand, get a knife and ;
buah tio to erase by wiping ; other lands, as a refugee prince. buang mla';
scrape it off. ;
to blot out. a ruined life, buang kok an extinct dynasty, ;
pai kok buang ke subvert the kingdom and

;
j^tS^ buah 64 To set aside for a special destroy the house. mit buang ; no tiuce left.
IS* 708 12 purpose ;
to detach ;
to dis-
pose according to a plan, buang The full of the moon.

74
buah CO kiii ko eng ; apportion for use in se- Iu45 suak buang the first and
7 ;
veral places. hun-buah tia"-lieh li'o already ;

the fifteenth of the month. cap-ugo jit kie-co
apportioned, cek kp ai" buah jieh coi nang buang; the fifteenth of the month is called the
khu ? How many persons are to be sent to day of full moon. toa mia" buang kai nûg ;
each place ? buah t3 jieh coi pia" lai ? How one whose name is widely known. ho
many soldiers are detached for this ? buah ci mia° buang; of good repute. jit gueh sie
nfi.ug khu hu ko appoint ;
this man to go there, tui kie-co biiang the sun and moon being;
buah to cek p6i°; set on one side, hun-buah m opposite each other, they are said to be in
khui ;
could not distribute according to the opposition.
DICriONAEY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 19
— bue — iB^ biie 203 Mildew.

Jîv 585 11 chie" bue ;
mildewed, iii cai
bue 44 The end
the tail the hindmost. ; ;
phak tiu chie" bue; if you do not sun it, it will
1051 X
ni biie the end of the year, ;
mildew.
gueh biie; the hist of the month, khi-than kau
suah-bue from beginning to end.
;
u cek ki A go-between ; a raatch-
biie 38
btie; it ha.s a tail, cun biie; the stern of a boat, 585
9 maker,
cgk biie hu; one fish. cek biie choi"; a silk bue-nang; the go-between. thph lu co bue;
worm. biie oi kin biie oi khio its tail turns ; ; entrust the making of the match to yoa. siii
up. draws in his tail.

khut ie biie
biie to
; ;
bue-n^ng remunerate tiie go-between.
;
bue
wag the tail, bue oi ciam has a pointed tail, ; phua an old woman who makes matches,
;
chan thau, ch^n biie the two ends of a rice- ;

bue-nang chiii, chua nang ui who.soever follows ;
field, u thau biie systematically arranged, ; the direction of a matchmaker goes into
bo thau bo bue without methed. co su mai"
;
danger.
bq biie ;
finish up the things you do. siu bue
siang kii reciprocal regard between leader and |/U| hue 31 To decoy to inveigle.
follower.
;
cai thaa biie m ;

does not know the \1— I 1111 4
cio-bue a decoy-bird a stool
;
;
ins and outs of the matter. ho ui siu, ui m pigeon. CO bue act as a decoy, chak bo bue,
;
biie ;
do not be apprehensive about that mat- piia° lo hue; if the thief had no one to lead
ter, khu kau hu biie-biie go to the extreme ; him, he would turn back when half way to his
end. the youngest child,
kio-biie kai kia° ;
destination.
kio-biie-au the very hiudmost. ;
biie S.u in ;
the rear, leng hui° biie; a pendant cload. biie 75Plums.

sio
biie the balance of an account.
;
ci" biie an ;
584 cek liap bue a plum.
7 ;
ie"-
bue the arbutus, or Chinese strawberry,
bue
unpaid remainder, khang-kliue biie remnant ;
;
of work. hue; plum blossoms. die" tek bue; green

sng lio kai biie the consequence of ;
a frolic, pit biie the point of a pencil. sam ;

plums, lo kiam bue; pickled plums. bue-p6
biie the small end of a log. chlu hue; the top tlam k&i a kiam kai ? Ai-e the.se dried plums
;
of a tree, cah thau, cah biie intercept at both ;

sweet or salt ? ie°-bue thien-phau : ie°-bue
ends. cah than, cah biie lift at both ends, ; cling; a disease of licentious people.
hang thau hang biie the head and the foot of ;
bue 86
Fossil coal ; soot embers.
a lane, cek phau biie; a tail bushy at the end. ;
CO kiii ki biie
585 bue- thoa"; fossil coal, liu biie
9
having several pendant ends,
;
biie lu-lu a blunt end. ; cam biie the point thoa"; to dig coal, bue-thoa" sua"; a coal mine,
;
nin kfi,i 16 si eng biie-thoa" a si eng hiie-thoa"?
of a needle. thuh biie cam a blunt needle.
cam thau siia" biie remnants of thread left in
;
Do you use hard coal or charcoal in your stove ?
jieh am cu huang bAe ? How late do you rake
;
the needle, kau hu biie ju toa it is bigger at ;
the other end. pit biie khui soi the point of ;

up the fire? tun biie-thba"; to store coal.
the brush is bristly, pi" biie soh the coarse ;
'^X^ biie 64 The game of mori-a.

silk braided into the queue. chlu-bue ngan
hi.s fingers are cold. kha biie the lower ex-
;
J ** 452 6 ciah ci'u li'o, phah bue drink ;
wine, and then play at morra. i hu cek me"

;
ti'eniities. pang to rain-clmg kha biie put it ;

k§,i ciu-bue thang-thang phah su,
there at the foot of the bed. ci kia° si mdng
khut-nang
kvVn ciu, kvVn kau lok-lok; throughout that
nang pang tio kai chiu biie this is a relict of a ;
whole night he was beaten in the game of
certain person, kiu kue huangbiie lui fiercer
raorra, and was forced to drink wine as a for-
;
than a final clap of thunder. hi° bue thia^-ki";

feit, until he was drenched in it.
just caught the sound of it. mak biie thdi'
ki"; caught a glimpse of it.
ta°; repeat it after him.
h<5
tue i kai chui biie
eng kau hii biio jii
it will be better when it is
;
kho thau mai" khd

nearly used up.
biie take the hardship at the ;
m
tenderloin.
bue
584
130
7
The meat on the breast.
bue-nek the brisket; the
;
beginning, and not have it to endure at the end. -^tl

bue 75 Not
yet; adverb of negation.
kii thau kii biie consider it on all sides.
biie se" chu has festers on the end of his
cih
; ^V 1052 1 bue ceng has not yet. ;
bue
;
tongue, tia"; it is not yet fixed. bue pit it is yet un- ;
hii-jin hiie kai au-tau biie the lower part of a ;

certain, bue ii has none as yet.
; bue cai ;
woman's coiffure, at the back of her head, does not yet know. bue oi ; cannot yet do it.
huang-thai bue ; the end of a tyfoou. biie ho ; not yet ready, biie jien ; is not as yet
20 DICTIONARY OF IHB 8WAT0W DIALECT.
ki" kau bue ? a Are we bat coald not work his way though so as to get
necessarily thus.
almost there ? 12,i a bue ? Has he come yet ? out. koi-lara kai khang hie" soi, koi cO-ni Si
c!ah pa a bue ? Has he finished his meal yet ? biin chut Since the interstices in the coop
lai ?
hi" khu a bue ? Are you going now ? hi" khu are so small, how could the fowls push their
bue khu ; he is just going. bue jip liu cleika ; way tl^rough ? biin loli thO toi; wriggle down
about courts who are not yet promoted. into the mud, (as eels or crabs do). koi
cong-kii to biin; the hens keep trying all the
— bfteh — time to get oat.
i^S ^^^^^ — Stockings. "Af"^ ^'^" Û Literary ;

civil ; elegant.
15^ 1037 15 cek eiah bfieh a stocking.
cek sang bueh a pair of stockings, mi bdeh;
;
>^ lu41 bftn bak ; literary. bftn
;
ngfa ; intellectual or refined bun huap ; gram- .
woolen stockings, biieh ang bueh thang; the;

mar, b&n pit ; the pen of a ready writer,
leg of a stocking. bueh cie°; the foot of a bvin chai scientific. bdn an essay. k6
; cie";
stocking. bueh te", b{ieh thftu, bueh t6i the ;
biin ancient literature. A bun ; modem
;
heel, toe, aiid sole of a stocking, cheng biieh ;

literature. fu bfin ; an elegant stylo. bun-
to put on, or to wear stockings. bueh toa; sek ; a specious appearance. ngwn bun ; the
garters. peh bueh ; white stockings. chi"
original text. bun-cie" kd bun-cie" ch(5 ; the ;
bueh blue stockings. toa" tSng bueh; stock-
;
original draft. p€h biin ; plain text. sneh
ings made of a single layer of cloth, sang tSng bftn to explain the text.
; make a cO bun ;
bueh ; koih bueh ; stockings of double thick- draft. tftu biin; deliver a dispatch. kong
ness, ho-kh! bueh ; knitted stockings. bAn ; public documents. bftn cu ; documents,
kia biin-cu ; 1 biin ; send dispatches.
— bun — cu bear a dispatch.
;
toa b{in
i7i t&k c6k biin ci" it is ;
bun 142
Gnats. not worth a cash, biin bii ; civil and military.
1041 4 o bnn ; black gnats. se'
biin ble ; a Confucian temple, khau biin khau
bu ; the examination of scholars and cadets,
bun; breeds gnats, bun kftu cfti; the gnats are
biin tie"; the arena for literary contests. biin
very thick. bun mang; buzzing insects. b6
bun bo mdng ; no gnats nor mosquitoes, khut khtiu, bti khau ; the examinations, civil and
bun kSL kau kki lau kili Iftu; bitten by gnats till military. iSng biin, leng bii an able scholar ;
he was all blotches. thoi" bo bun h\o°

and soldier, biin bii chwnchai ; familiar with
both books and weapons. biin kua"; civil
toa; considered him as insignificant as a gnat,
ofiicers. oh c6 bun ; learn to be scholarly, khng
bun ta"; cowardly, cfl bun s6ug lui if you get ;
si biin ; exhortations to morality. bun ua ;
enough gnats together their noise will be as civil bureau. thien biin ; astronomy the
loud as thunder. bun hng-hng-kie ; gnats :
hosts of heavenly bodies. thien bun seng

buzz. cek tu bun; a swarm of gnats. bun ;
sand flies.
astronomers. kwn thien-biin ; observe the
kia";
stars. biin-li ; the literary style of writing
bun 120 Involved; embroiled; con- b6n-thdng; a student. i si biin siu-cai a
IS 1043 4 fused. bu siu-cai ? Is he a literary or a military

H kau u tio put bun to manage so that there graduate ?
;
be no entanglement; to straighten out in dis-

tinct lines.
disordered.
boi blin-luan is not confused or
;
mih su tio-tit tio-tit, cng kai boi

blin-luan everything is set straight, and there
;
m^
bun-kiii lo
roses.
bun-kui
584
rose water.
;
biin-kui iu ; attar of
nin kai biin-kui lo kai ngun kui ki ?
A red
rose,
gem ;
a red
is no complication.
How many bottles of rosewater do you give for
jAj bim 116 To burrow ; to work one's a dollar ?
'^T^ 1 19 ~4~ way through a narrow open-
ing to wriggle into a hole,
; bun 120 Lines or marks.
i ce kia" cu biin
jip khang toi ; as soon as he is 1041 ~4" bun ngun ; sycee, pure silver.
frightened he scratches his way into his hole,
cie^-se" lu-ki'a" bun tit kiie me ? Can the pigs ban 128 To hear; to learn by report.
wriggle through ? khang khah khuah, khut 1041 ~8" thwn bun ; a tradition ; to
cio bun cau khu; the interstices were too wide, repeat a report, hong bun ; a rumor. thia'-
and the bird got through and escaped. i bun bun ; to hear. hiiang biin ; ascertain by
lai bun khu, bun boi tit chut he tried his best,
; hearing. mla" bUn si-hai j famed thi'oughout
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DlALKCT. 21
the empire. ua to liii-sla" cii bfin-ki" cfa su ; "Tj 24 A mystic emblem of high
bvvn
I lieard this at the
Departmental City. sin- TXm 1040 T
antiquity, explained to be the
buu-cua a newspaper.
;
ua bfln mia" ku Ifo ;
symbol of Buddha's heart; it is the hammer of
I have long been acquainted with your name. Thor and is common in Norse mythology.
ai° kuah co bwu-ji pi"; will have it carved with
P^ bun
577
61
8
Sad
melancholy.;
cho-bun ;
iu-bun
unhappy ; a border in Vetruvian scroll, bvvn-ji pi"; braid
|*Cj ; grieved. with the Vitruvian scroll woven in it. bwn-jl
sorrowful. bun-bun ne
very unhappy. koi ;
a balustrade with a convoluted
laiig-kang ;
btin sua" biin to dissipate grief. lu mai°

; ;
lattice.
iu-bun ; do not be distressed.
— but — bwn 140 All every ; ten thousand ;
1040 a strong superlative,
;
\^^ 9
but 30 Taste or flavor it corres- ;
bvvn nang; everybody, bwn much; everything,
5^
when
1053 5 ponds to the termination ish bwn kok all nations. ;
bwn hok every
bvvn ak im ui siu of all wickedness
;
applied to tastes. blessing, ;
hiam-but; peppery. tiam-but ;

sweetish, lewdness is chief, bwn kim ke-siia"; an estate
sng-but ;
kho-bnt bitterish.
sourish. ciah ;
of immensevalue. cek bvvn ; ten thousand,
tied hiam-but hiam-but; it has a pungent cek choi" bwn ; ten millions. peh bvvn ; a
flavor. hi'a hu c6-ni oi kho-but ? si thai pliiia million. cap bvvn ; a hundred thousand,
ta° a iTi si ? Why is the fish bitter ? The gall- cek png, bwn lai ; ten thousand per cent gain,
bladder was broken in cutting up the fish was chaiig-bng, bwn kliwn ; countless acres
of farm
it not ? kau cih hue se-su kho-but it leaves ; land, bwn bo cek sit; nothing lost or missed,
a slightly unpleasant taste in the mouth, ciah bwn tang cu cek; one among a thousand, bvvn
kau chili hue toa sng-but an acid taste is left ; ko to boi hai ;
it will never wear out; time will
in the mouth after eating it. not aflêct it. bwn bo chu li there is no such
;
principle. bwn-bwn 111 hp ;

most certainly
/[•yî
but 93 lio-but condiments; sauces ; ;
not; a thousand times no. bwn-bvvn put
IiâJ 1065 4 spicery seasoning, lu choi" bvvn tieh
;
leng it cannot be done.
;
ki" loh sim-mih lio-but ? What will you season choi" kun
l&i you must come without
;
fail.
it with ? ci ko bo hu-se" lio-but there is no ; bwn be myriads, bwn s) ; all ages, bvvn to ;
;
condiment here fit to go with fish. all choi" chang bvvn ti ; an

generations.
immeasurable extent of land. kau ci-kp choi"
but 64 To beat out the dust. sua" bwn ciii, sit-cai si kang-kho; to come here
154 "5^khieh ki cliue khu but, c\a" oi
over innumerable mountains and seas is indeed
cheug-khih ; get a stick and beat it, then it
difficult, hue cau bvvn much cu c6i°; before all
will be clean.
things were created.
— bvvn — — ca —
bvvn 61 To neglect or slight. /-^ ca-bo 38 A of the human
.
female,
576 11 khin-bvvn ; to treat haughti-
/s^ 641 "0" race.
ly, bu-bvvn treat with contempt. mai" bwn
ta-po a ca-bo ? Is it a boy or a girl ? ca-bo
;
si
tieh i, do not slight him ; cie"-se° sng si siet-
kia"; adaughter, ca-bo ke co ta-po a ;
woman
bvvn tieh i ; that would be considered contempt-
uous treatment of him. disguised as a man.
ca 85 Dregs ; lees ; what is left after

iftJm
^^^ ^^ -^ curtain,
3 9 infusion,
'H^ 676 li tie" bvvn ;
a curtain. kle
ieh ca ; the dregs of medicine, te ca tea leaves ;
bvvn sedan curtains.
;
that have been steeped. te tio ca strain out ;
bwn
140 Tangled vines. the dregs. khu ca ; take out the lees. hun-
1040 11 bwn-che° a turnip, green ca ; the refuse left in the pipe after opium has
_ ;
been smoked, ca-cai sediment.
colored and with tubers above ground, used in ;
medicine. bwn-chau Ifing tu tangle grass is ;
not easily extirpated. WA^ ca 72 Yesterday time gone; recently. ;
M p 1005 5 ca-jit yesterday. i

ca-jit
;
/gH bvvn 184 Steamed bread, or wheaten cia" lai he came yesterday, ua ca-me"-hng nx
;
R^ 575 11 cakes, bwu-thau a loaf of ;

cai kio i ta"; I did not think to tell him last
ca-me" cng kai boi ut; 1 could not
steamed bread. evening.
22 DICTIONARY OF THB SWATOW DIALECT.
sleep at all last niglifc. lai a

i si ca-rang-khi si
Act ca 4
Fitful ; for a moment.
ca-e-kiia lai ? Did be come yesterday morning r^ 4 ca liang ca juah ; now it is cold
4
or yesterday afternoon ? si ca-jlt-tau lai he then it is warm ; the weather is fitful.
;
ca sie
came yesterday noon, ca chin ; hot and cold alternately. ca khin ci
ca 30 To tSng; better a little while and then worse
sigh.
again, ca h6 ca cd°; changeable weather, raiu
973 10 ca-thang ;
to sigh or moan.
and sunshine alternating.
ipg^ ca 75 A sour red fruit, a species of
T^ 3 '9 hawthorn. "^m
^^y^ 831
CO. 117
7
To shudder; the flesh creeping
from awe or terror; horrified.
8ua''.ca; sien^ca; a sour fruit, the size of a kia° kau cek sin ca-cS-kio so frightened that ;
cherry. whole flesh crept.
my thoi" tieh koi-b<5-phue
riTl ca
72 Anciently ; formerly a long cft-ca-kie If-li phu on seeing it my flesh crept
;
H 802
4 time ago.
ko-ca ill olden times,
;
hoh ca a considerable ;
;
and goose-pimples came up all over me.
— —
cft»
length of time since. ca si ca ni in former ; ;
timea. kim ca »7i tAng it is not now as it- ;

eft" 64 To grapple from a deep place;
nsed to be. ca tiang-si; a long time ago. ca- 507 12 to dredge for; to drag for.
ca cu u in very ancient times there were, kd-
;
eft"hA ; to dredge for fish. eft" o ; to dredge
ca kui nang people of olden times.

;
for oysters, eft sap; to
dredge for the broken
shells of which lime is made.
Jm^*
^
ca.
953
72 Early
2 khah
; betimes
ca; too early.
;
soon.
— call —
I thi°-kng-cd;
at daylight. kiia" ca ; take time by the fore- cah 60 To take along with one, as if
^nro
lock, ca png breakfast. ca ni ; some years
; IP 846 8 in the girdle,
ago. tang-ca; a little while ago. tftng cd fl ; he i u cah lai a b6 p Did she bring it with her ?
had some just before, ca sin ; early dawn, cd s3ug-p1en cah l&i khut da ; bring it along and
ca cai fi cie°-8e", lia clu ai" ; had I give it to me at your convenience.
ce ; earlier, i cah ii
known before that there were such, I should jieh coi l&i P How much did she bring with
hare wanted some. iS-pI ca ce ; be ready in her p ngo i m
tieh, cah khu cah tng lai ; did
good time, ua tang ca-ca thi-huung i ; I gave not meet him, and so took it there and then
him warning in good time, ca khu, ca lai the ;
brought it back again. am-ce° cah ki to to
sooner you go the sooner you will get back, sa" toi ; secretly carried along a knife inside
ca chut, am jip go out for a long day's work,
; his tunic.
cek ca ciu cau-khi get up betimes. ;cd tang,
miig tang the early and the late crop.
; ca "L^* cah 64To bare the arm.
chang; miig chang; the first and the second rice 1.& 821 cah chf u-ng to roll up the
9 ;
crop of the year, ca chang siu chek kai si-hau, sleeves, chiu-ng cah phu ce; roll your sleeves
kie-cp ca tang ; the time of harvesting the first somewhat higher.
crop of the year is called the early harvest.
cah 75 Anything placed to impede
p6 toa ca a si p6 ca kia° ? Did you plant the ^FinL
m 42 5 progress; to bar, as by a gate
early or the later sort ? ca mng kai si-ke \}\)\
or stile.
t§,ng; prices are different at the two harvests,
lia tang-ca cai ; I knew it before. lia ca niiig cah-ning; a floodgate or turnstile. kuo" cah-
cu kau I am there early and late.
; ca ho ca rang close the flood-gate.
;
khui cah-mng ;
ce", ua° ho lau me" if it rains
early in the
; open the turnstile. th6i°-sfu cah-mng ; to
watch the gate. cfe" cah-mng kai nang ; the
morning the sky will soon clear, but if it rains
late in the afternoon, it will rain all night, si gate-keeper, ciii-cah ; a lock in a canal. koi
lu slang 6i ca you are the one who can do it
;
cah, hang c&h ; barriers across streets or lanes,
soonest, ciah ca te take tea early in the morn- ci tio koi calx ku-a ko; tliis street is barred in
;
ing, boi ca ; cannot be punctual. several places, hang-thau culi, hang-bue cfih ;
both ends of the lane are barricaded. u kai
"^rrl ca 149 To deceive ;
to feign ;
to de- mngf cah to ko ; there was a door in the way.
ft p* 4lude; underhand,
6 mng-cah ; a railing in a doorwa3'. cah co no
kang-ca; delusive, ca-ngui ; hypocritical, ca kueh ; divided by a partition, ai" cah co si'am
lek ; extort by a false claim, ca-phien ; fraud- a cah CO chie" ? Will you partition it off by
nlent, ca pe°; a feigned illness. folding doors or by a wall ? kio c^h ; a railing
across a bridge, kaa chui-kliaa to k(ii c^h lai am well aware of it. cai ciah tia"; knows
call made a palisade at the entrance, as a nothing but how to eat. cai ciah, cai thang ; m
;
division or a defence. does not know enough to earn his living. m

cai thoi"; did not notice it. lu cai khu ak
»|J[t
140 To shut off the view to in-
call ; cui ; you must think to water them. sui cai
UlIX 677 "^ tercept the rays of light, I'o
unexpectedly found it so.
si cio"-se"; Id cai
gueli pan hun cah

khu the view of the moon ; nang kai slni-mueh What do you know about !
is cut off by the clouds. bo mueh lid cah jit, it !

chp-liak cai know a little about it. lu ;
there is nothing to keep off the sun, CO cai ? How do you know ? cai ineng-peh ;
juah cai;
and it is very hot. i kai hie"-li
pun tek cah perceive clearly. m cai sie"; did not think
nii"-mi''; the bamboos hide the village from about it. put cai put kak; unexpectedly. Sli-
view. ci kai mak-kia" kiia loh khu to-cak ce, iTi cai than excuse me, I did not see yon. ;
sii ciie, six cue, lia si m cai thau ; I beg your

rank; after putting on these spectacles,
1 see
less plainly than before. hu lai thong-thong, pardon, I did it inadvertently. cai kau thang
bo cia bo cah there is an unbroken view of
;
toi knows the bottom facts.
;
bue phok soi
the interior, with nothing to screen the objects cai knew before divination.
;
ili cai i u a
nor to intercept the view. bo do not know whether he has any or not.
;
ill cai
nang to become unconscious, thia" cai
; ;
."i/f^ call 86 To cook in grease. bun cai know by hearing. lu khu ta" i cai
; ;
^ p 8 ~5 cah la
cah kau
;
cah
to boil in fat.
chiah ; fry brown,
you go and let hira know. cai kue pit koi ;
iu ; fry in oil. i
you must reform when you know your faults,
cak kau i so-so fry ;
it crisp. cah sek fry it :
lia soi" it beforehand.
cai ;
cai tit
I knew
till it is well done. cah ho h'o, leng-ua° cia" soi" cai ? How
can one know it beforehand ?
lai cha; after it is cooked in grease, fry it nang tieh cai cok one must be content. cai ;
again on a dry pan.

kau ko khu cah fry it ; min, rn cai sim we know people's faces, not ;
whole. on<T kai cang la khu cah cook the ; their hearts. mai" khut nang cai ; do not let
whole of it in lard, m ho cah khah thiam do ;
anyone know. lu lia cai tia"; only you and I
not fry it too much. tok chiii lai cah cut it ; know. cng kai bo nang cai no one knows ;
up fine and fi'y it. anything about it. ii

nang cai some people ;
know. put cai put kak cu cek ni a year ;
cah 167 Gyves for the feet.

^P^ passes before we are scarcely aware of it.
$/t 82 7 ci kai si io huam, tieh loh
kha-cah this is a great offender and he must
;
>i> cai 86 Calamity that comes from
be put in fetters. h6 kai si mia" chak, tieh
loh kha-cak ; that is a famous robber, and he
y^
cai-hai
940
;
afflictive,
3"
misery.
above.
cui cai,
cai-hvia ;
must be fettered. hu kai u puah naiig lai hue cai; flood and fire.
cai-lang adversity, ;
ta" mai° loh cak that one sent some one to;
thi" cai ;
a visitation, such as a pestilence,
intercede for him asking that he need not be cai-eh ;
difficulties, cai-iang ;
tribulation.
put in fetters.
J2\^ To set out young plants ; to
c^'i
1^
/IvQ 940
plant ; slips or cuttings, 6
m
lia cai ;
cai
53
I know
111
3
it.
To know
scious.
lia in cai
;
to be
;
I
aware
was not aware

;
con- cai-ceng to plant out.
flowers.
will live.
cai hue to plant
;
cai loh khu ciu uah if you plant it

cai gueh-khi to set out rose
gueh-khi cai rose slips. hue cai ;
;
;
;
of it. lu cai a mDo you know or not ?

cai ? slips.
flower cuttings. cai chiu to plant trees,
;
ill cai i kai ]

;
do not know what are his ideas ;
about it. rli cai i kai sii; know nothing about seng-cai ; banyan saplings, prepared for plant-
mo" lu kai i cai-
his affairs. in cai i-su ;
m cai sim-mih i-su ;
ing, cai-phue patronage. ;
do not know what means. ta" cai phue hope you will patronize him.
;
it kang i
;
tell him about it.

put-kue cai kai tai-khai vÂ? cai 85 Sediment
; ; settlings.
know only aproximately. cai m cau ;
do not "f-lF* 1031 10
a coating of sediment ca-cai ;
know very ta" si, i to ni cai on the inside of a vessel.
definitely. ;
puah bo soi, ceng-
though you tell hira ten thousand times, he ceng ca-cai the earthen pot, not having been
;
never knows, chuah nang iTi cai take people ; washed at all, is coated with sediment on its
unawares. cai ki kai pheng-iu a bosom ; inner surface, te-kwn eug kii cu cie" ca-cai ; a
friend. cu-cai ; self-conscious. ka-ki cu
i
long-used tea-pot becomes coated on the inside
cai ; he is himself aware of it. lia cai cai ; I with the lees of the tea.
24 DICTIONAKY OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT,
draw, and horses carry. cki kau mua"-miia" ;

^^ cai
Oil
159 A
bue u cSk nl, la bfle fi
6 lai
year.
cai kau ti"-ti"; stowed full, cai cek cai carry ;
JglQ one load. cai kau bit-bit; laden to the vvater
it is not- yet a year, nor evon half a
pii;\" cai;
ke u cek nt piia" cai lia line, cai in loh cannot stow in. cai iTi phu ;
year since yon came.
;
cannot sustain so much, chi tit khi can carry

cu ai° tng lî kliu; in another year or le«s, I ;
shall be going back again.

it. m h(S cai ke lio it will carry no more, ci
;
ciah cun si cai slm-mih much lai ? What cargo

cai 40 To govern ;
to ruK to does this boat bring? cu tang u cai; it is
941 ~7 recorded in books. cai to slm-mih «u kp ?
slaughtef.
cai-sia)ig ;
cii-cai ; the ruler
a prime-minister, What book is it in ? tieh u kp h<5 cai lak ;
over all. cf cek kok
cp cii-cai it is ho si i
;
there must be some coigne of vantage. bp kp
who is the ruler of this nation. tSi thoiig-cai; hd cai l&k ; there is nothing to sustain one's
the President of the Board of Civil Office, cf self upon.
kai nang co sii siin lUi fi cii-cai this person ;
has a mind of his own. suaU gii cai be; to cai 180 The navel.
14
96t> to cî the navel. cai-t6a
slaughter cattle and horses. ; ;
the umbilical cord. ka tn^ cai-toa; cut the

umbilical cord, tng c&i; cast off the umbilical
K5 cai 46 To bring
forth, (said of ani-
cord. c&i-b<5 ; a midwife. tia' cai ; the
fî 941
mals). 9
kb Iftng cA\ ; protuberance in the center of an iron pau. bd
hliig-cai ; a worthless fellow.
c&i ; the pivot of a millstone.
a hired rulRan. liing-csii phue; a rogue in
embryo; a piece of furniture that is finished c&i 99 Very extremely ; ;
much.
except the painting. 738 4 h<5 cii
very good, hfii^ cSi ;
;
very far. lia sieh i cfti I love her much. i ;

cki 18 Again repeatedly.
'
|:|:|~
;
ai" c&i ; he wants it extremely. hua°-hi c&i ;
14' 942 4 cai thoi" ;
look again. chfa"
cai ta" cai ciah ;
greatly pleased.
please say it again.
;
i7i li(5
do not eat it any more, niua-khi cai lai come ; <Si 82 At present.
cho" chun put cî lai
"/\1
again to-morrow. ;
^M^ 941 8 hln-cai ; now.
hIn-cSi si hSn-
youthful days never return. lia in cai lai I ;
se"; is at tu-kua° b6i hIn-cSi ;
present young.
will never come again. cai kiie kc
pig's liver is bonght for present use; we take
kiii jit ;
again after some days. lij cai siu° ; think

things for what they are when we get them,
via b6 cai I shall not tell you
ta"; cu-cfti ; as well as usual.
again. bp hie" cii-c5i ; not
again, lu lu cki in to and again you were ab- lu cfi-cSi me Y Are yoa
;
feeling very well.
sent, cai sa" cai si ; again and again. cai-sa" well ? ang-jien cD-cSi ; well and comfortable,
hun-hu repeatedly commanded.
; lia cai-sa° lu ho cp lu cu-c5i ; make yourself comfortable.
teng-leng cok-hu, lu cp-ni iTi it-tit ? I have re- Ill ka"
tng, lu cp lu cu-cSi ; you are too kind,
iterated the orders, why do you not remember
pray remain as you are.
them ? tieh pi cfa cai toa kai it must be ;
twice as large as this. la si cai tug cu khah

/^ cai 61 How ? What ?
What
tng if any longer it would be too long.
; tieh iUi> 948 5 cai-se"-le"? is it like?
cai liLi chim ce it must be dug a little deeper.
; se" lai dii-seMe" ? What sort of thing is it ?
ai° mo" liiig tieh cai peh kui° if you wish to ; CO lai clli-se°-Ie° ? How does it look ? cSi tit
nee farther you must mount up higher. cai ka" ? How dare I ? cSi How is it to
tit tieh ?
thoi" kau sek-sek look at it i-epeatedly till you
; be obtained ? lu cp c5i How can you
tit cla" ?
become familiar with its appearance, cai thSk accomplish it ? c5i tit >vn ? How can it be
ke kiie read it over Again.
;
cai se" restored ; finished ? tieh cSi-se" c\a° hSh ? How can it
to life. cai se" kai tek restored virtue, cai ; be made so as to suit ?
se" kai un ;
restored favor. cai cia further- ;
more, lu cai kd tia" ;price it again, and more

cai 9 A cargo ; a boat-load.
ke cai a remarried widow. cki 941 13 kui cap cai ; several tens of
accurately. ;
chua a remarried widower.

;
boa; -loads. cai kau miia" cai ; carry a full
cargo. pua° kue cai ; to tranship the cargo,
cai 159 To carry ;
to contain ;
to pph caito land a cargo, by means of smaller
;
941 6 lade ;
to sustain. boats. khi cSi ; unlade the vessel. siu cai ;
ci ciah cun cai u jieh coi ta° ? JJow many piculs take in cargo. cek cai siu kau h'o ; the cargo
does this boat carry ? gu cliia be cai ; oxen is all taken in. Iph cai ; lade the ship. c6k
cai cek cai boat-load by boat-load. ; pua" din that he made, i kai ue coi c5i, ciu jit khut
cai ; half a cargo. loli jieh coi cai c\a° kau ? i cak si
khu; he is a great talker, and keeps up
How many boat-loads will be required for it? his clack all day long. kliut i cak lio boi ut ;
was disturbed by his noise so that I could not

-f^ cai ^G An exclamation, implying a sleep. lu mai" cak tieh lia do not distract ;
BAi 94'J liigb degree of emotion, me by your noise.

ai cjli ! Alas ! u liu ai cai Alas, how sad ! !
khuai ciii ! How pleasing ! tai cai khong-cu !

Anrl cak 9 To act, do, or make ;
to be-
How great is Confucius !
I r" 1005 come, to appear to stimulate,
5 ;
— cak — to arouse ; operations, woik.

i kai pe" hwt cak his ailment has returned,;
cak 118 A joint, a section a period khi leng-ua" cin-cak his anger is again roused, ;
"Sl^ ;
lu kai kia cak khieh lai kliut lia
^l* 974 9 or regular interval; a set pai tliak ce ;
way of doing a thing; temperance, continence; bring your elegant composition and allow me
to respectfully read it. i hu-ko to si id
to keep within limits to economize to main- ; ;
chang
tain dignity an emergency, ;
kang, cak tai he is there hai boring evil doers
;
ci ki tek lu thoi" kiii cak? How many joints and encouraging wickedness, kiia" i hue hwt-
do you think there are in (his bamboo ? boi
cak lai ii, lo koi to hasten and set it right
;
kiii cak ho-ho kai cia lai ciah before there is a relapse will be easiest. cak-
buy a few joints ;
of the best sugar-cane to eat. ci cuang su lu tong to act as assistants to the host.
;
kia°-jit
cck cak cek cak la" tia thia"; give me an kai Slab si ti-tiang cak-tong? Who supports the
account of the whole affair seriatim. cak host at to-day's feast ? ai" chia" i cak-tong,
mtik the point where meshes join, or sections tieh koih tie" cak-tong kai toa"- phien if you ;
;
unite. cie" cak, e cak; the upper and lower are going to invite him to assist the host you
sections. cek cak cu one verse, cak liak a ;
must enclose a card to this effect.
;
summary. pun co kui cak divided into ;
several paragraphs. chiu-c6i° sa" cak, toa coi" cak 120 To bind up to make secure. ;
no cak the fingers have three joints and the

;
>|S 7 5 cak kha to tie the feet. ti°;
thumb two. kha cak, chi'u cak the joints in ;

kha, cak chi'u, cp oi kia" ne ? With you ham-
the toes and fingers. kut cak sng-thia"; my pering all my movements, how can I do any.
bones ache, puah kau chi'u-cak chut thng ;
thing ? cak kin-kui bound up clo-sely. eng ;
fell and dislocated his finger juint. chvVn kiie toa khu cak take a band and bind it securely,
;
cak ;
runs across the joints, cak I'm ciah live
cak kiii ki hue tie up a nosegay. cak-cang-
;
;
khua°-khua" cak cie ; gi-adually Boh ; a hair-string.

temperately.
diminish. cak khiam bo frugal. cak eng; ;
use sparingly. lu mai" se" ki cak do not ;

cak 40 Solid full compact the op- ; ; ;
branch off into other subjects. cak hu a ;

_ ,769 11 posite of hollow,
dignified woman. maintain dignity.
sin cak ;
si
khang-kliak kai a si cak-thau kai? Is it
sit cak ;
to lose dignity. cak hau dignified hollow or is it solid ? ci cdk khi
cak-nng .«<i
;
obedience, khia cak-hau teng; raise an honor- kai this sort is dense, cak-thau-nngkai tek
; ;
cak-liet self-restiained. boi a species of bamboo that is not hollow. cak

ary portal, ;
kwn cak
to get degrees by bribery.
; soi cak, nek kai full of meat.
;
toa cak a small matter, or an important mat-

;
ter, tai cak a great

emergency, ci k&i nang
M
;
u kill cak this man is self-restraiiud. u cak-

;
cam 167 A needle; a pin; a lancet;
ngi is temperate.
; bo cak bo cob ; not kept 15 2
to puncture,
within limits. cih tui cak; to disjoint. cih chng cam ;
thread a needle. bua cam ; polish
cak thai hien go outside tiie rules of etiquette ;

a needle. cp cam make ;
needles. toa cam,
in tlie entertainment of a scholar. cak cak ji cam, sa" cam, cam ki'a"; large, medium sized,
kau come on at regular intervals,
;
cak-lo; a tine, and very fine needles. toa kong cam a ;
whitlow, a felon on a joint. darning needle. hue cam an embroidery ;
needle, cam khang, cam biie the eye and the
^
ham i
cak
469
mai" cak nang
128
6
To make a din
noise
;
tell
; distracting,
him not
;
to stun with
to disturb
point of a needle. cam phi"; the end of a
needle opposite the point.
the stitches are too long.
;
cam kha kliah

tieh bak cam
hi
ce;
;
people by making a noise. hi°-khang khut i

you must sew it more finely. ci kai hij-jin hd
cak kau ong-ong-kie my ears rang with the cam-ci; this woman is a good sewer.
;
hang-
26 DICTIONARY OF THK SWATOW DIALECT.
8ii-cara
;
a thermometer. buatig-hS-cam ;
a cam khuah c5, cia" tha tit loh this hole must ;
barometer, si-ceng cara ;

the hands of a clock, be cut larger, so the plug will go in. c&m chui
ce cut it more delicately.
pang-cam; thng-si cam ; the pin used
to fasten ;
the coiffure. cp cara-ci°; as if sitting on
needles.
ju
eng cam l&i thie tio i kî hueh ; get
a lancet and bleed him. cam huap; tlie rules
^y*
^^|_|
^'^™
13Sah c^m
—
^ stage of a journey.
6the distance be- ;
for acupuncture. cek cam ki hueh ; one tween post hooses. cdk cftm lo one stage of ;
cam ku ; to a journey. to cf-kp kau hu-kp ii kui cftm lo ?

puncture brought the blood.
probe. cam-tui ; point to point. cam-tui How many ^tages from here there? lo-cfim
mong nftng tk"; it what a certain

refers to ai" cpnl phe°-phah ? What route have you
tliih poi" bua cia" szu-hue cam decided upon? than cftm kau tl-kp ? What
person said. ;
kiiu hu-
an iron ferule nmy be ground down into an is the first stopping place ? ji cJim
k6 that will Le tlie second stopping place oii
eml)ioidery needle. ;
the route.
^^^ cam
945
118
12
To stick in the hair, or hat.
cam hue; to put flowers in
— cang —
f=%
the hair. cam eng; to put a tassel into a cap. rt^l cang 41 To take to make use of a ; ;
hue (!am, hue liii; sprays and flowers, used as 7|*j 967 ^
sign of the accusative,
head ornaments. cang cia a cang hfa make use of this or that,
;
69 To sever to sunder; to
cang sim-mueh khut i ctah ? What will you
; chop give him to eat ? cang hd ue kio i ta°; speak
Uf
cam
t^ 7 off ;
cam kliui; to sunder,

wood.
to cut.
comfortably to him. cang b6 cp Q ni»de out ;
clia; to cut of nothing; unfounded. tieh cang seng-sim,

ciim tio chop it off.
; cam thau to behead, ;
m thu-thu cang uo ta"; there must be sincerity
cam clilu liali clo; to cut down the tree in as well as professions. cang ta-po ke cp cui-
order to catch the bird. cam cp no kueh cut ;
nie had a man disguised as a woman. ai'
;
it in two. eng
po-thuu cia" h(5 cam take an ;
cang ti-tiang khu ? Whom will you send ?
axe and then you can chop it off. cam chau
tfi kun to cut down the weeds and extirpate 76 The coir palm.
;
cang
their roots; to wholly exterrainiite to cut off 1022 a coir
8 cloak,
;
)>J\ caug-sui ;
all one's
posterity. cam teng coih thih ; cang sob coir rope. cang chieh a coir mat.
; ;
to cut otf a nail. cam sfu si ccng ; to decapi- cang sau; a coir broom. cang sie"; a coir
tate as a warning to others ; to make an ox- trunk.
ample of. kie cam cue ; a capital crime, kam
ciim kua°; a sheriff,
ngo
cam, ka, kun, liu, thil, si
heng huap; beheading, hanging, send-
ie"
^^
j>yC
cang
1022
190
8
A lady's coiffure.
ta cang; do up the hair,
ing into the army, temporary banishment, and lau mo°, phah cang ;
let the hair grow, in order
perpetual banishment, are the five methods of to arrange the style of a married woman.
it in
punishment. ju-\ call to cang sim; an ornament was inserted

in the centre of the coiffure. kia°-jit kai cang
cam 149 To slander or vilify. siu khu ngfa c5.i liair is
your very prettily
P Q D-47 16 cam-cng ;
to defame, i hau"
arranged to-day.
;
cang-kta° 16 ;
the hair ar-
caiu-t-ng nang he is addicted to slandering
;
ranged in a coil.
people. cam-cng kue lai, cam-cng kue khu ;
backbiting each the other. 122 A square lifting net, sus-

cang
j^2^
M,T <^<^'n
1^1 A fine chisel; a
graving tool;
Q
down
951 T2 pended on a frame, and let
^^^ 11
by a long rope.
94(3 to chisel out ; to engrave,
au cang khang cang; to fish with liftingnets.
;
c&ni a graving tool. cSm hue to grave
ki'a"; ; khia ki cang lai au hu set a lifting net to ;
flowers. cSm klm hue-chau ngia cSi ; the catch an-cang mang-tie"; a mosquito
tish.
carving was beautifully done. c5m lai hue-ji bar having a folding frame inside.
m hin the letters are are not plainly cut. tieh
;
cSm chim ce ; they must be cut deeper, khah Sedate 140

serious a high
cang ; ;
toi°, c5m ui loh ; the stuff is too hard, it cannot 7 112

road,
be chiseled out. ngun cSm
chasing on silver. ;
cang keng serious and respectful, twn cang
; ;
cSm hue kai nang; the graver. mai" cSm strictly correct in conduct. cang ngiam ;
khih khu; do not break it in chiseling it. cieh

strictly proper, cang tong respectful, ;
khang
cS,m ; a stone-cutter's chisel. cia tieh khang cang toa lo ; a level highway.
DICTIONAUY OP THE SWATOW DIALECT. 27
^^ cang 187 A mane. -^^^ cang 75 A warehou.so godowna. ;
I/J\ 102-2 ~S~ be cang mo" ;

a horse's ^j^5 12 8 cang -pang; a store-room,
mane, tu cang mo"; hog's bristles. cang CO storage,
; tun-pang cting teng stored ;
in the godown. kwii-cang warehouses, ;
rang 190 A peruke a wig false kang i khu

cang ko khi go and take it out of
;
-^^^ ; ;
§^ 1022 "F hair.

ke cang a false peruke. lu kai cang u ciap
the godown for him.
cang To stand up; to stand still.

117
Cling a bq ? Do you wear false hair ?
13 cang kha iTi cu
5 caimot ;
stand it. ceng kau cang kha la cu; punished

i
J^
jM
To hold on tightly with the
cang
hands.
1026
64
19
them till they gave way altogether. i ci'-hOe
eng kai cang klia iTi cu to-ko; he is now wholly

no ciah chi'u cang i kai pi"; held on to his unable to maintain his position. liang p6i°
queue with btjtli hands. cang kfn-kin m kai bun bii kua" to cang-pang, u cia" peh nang
kheng pjmg he held on tightly, and would ;
to tang khim-che lai ; the civil and military
not let go. cang i m cu could not hold on ;
otHcers stood on either side in the order of
to it.
their rank, about a hundred iu all, awaiting
the arrival of the ambassador. tS,u-thai co
cang 120 To collect and tie up, as in
kliu a min? Oti the In-
jiin, i
eng cang-pang
A|VU<> 1023 11 a sheaf : to unite under one tendant of Circuit's coming to enter upon his
rule or in a whole.
office, does he go to attend upon him, standing
cang CO cek e bind them in one bundle. pa- ;
where his rank prescribes? ci-ko eng kai cang
cang an ensign, the second giade below a
;
m cu kha; there is no foothold at all here; this
captain, and the lowest of army officei'S. thih
position cannot be maintained.
pa-cang a low but permanent office, in which
;
there is neither hope of promotion nor fear of

^^^ cang 149 To praise, as in worship.
degradation. pl^ 945 19 cang-miii extol. ; cheug-
cang ;
to laud.
|J_L». cang 33 Robust ; hardy ; lusty ;
to
7|-Lk 114 4 inspirit; to incite, cang 154 To assist.
cang teng able-bodied men. cang ni in
; ; 945 12 cang-co to aid. ; cang
strong health. cang-kien strong and hardy, ;
seng ci kia" su ; help to bring this about.
cang sti one accomplished in manly sports,
;
cang-seng lusty. sio-cang 3'oung and

; ;
cang 29 A classifier of trees and
hearty. min cang the militia. eng-hiong ;
fX 1025 16
plants,
chut sio-cang violence comes of youthful ; cek cang cang chiu a
hue, cek cfing chai, cek ;
vigor. long cang; volunteer troops. pui- flower, a vegetable, and a tree, cek cang kiie-
cang stout. ; cang i kai ta" incite his ; ci; a fruit tree. peh cie" chiu-cang teng;
courage. ciah kau pui-cang toa-kia"; become climbed a tree, ci cang hue ngia cai, iu phang;
very stout and hardy. this shrub is beautiful and it is fragrant too.
ua thoi" ci kai cang-sin khun tieh eng pui :
;
cang 119 Dumplings, boiled in a I see that this plant is weak fertilizing mat-
.^^^ :
T^J\ 1023 8 wrapping of leaves. ter must be put around it. ci cang chiu sin
cang kiu thiee cornered dumplings.

;
cang io toa, hu cang li chiu ki io coi this tree has ;
kai many cornered dumplings.

; cang pau the larger trunk, and that one the greater
sim-mih kai ? What is in the dumplings ? number of branches. kia°-se" si se° to chiu
cang pak khah pha"; these dumplings are not cang teng ; parasites grow upon trees.
well filled. ci kai cang si kiam kai a si tiam
kai ? Have these dumplings a sweet or a salt
j^^ cang 44 Steps shelves gradations.
; ;
filling ?cang si eng tek-hieli kah kiam-chau / pg 952 12 cek cang, no cang; one or
khu pak dumplings are tied up in bamboo
; two gradations. cie" kau toi" sa" cang ;
went
leaves, with a bulrush, pak cang kai tek-hieh up to the third landing. thau cek cang; the
eng ke kiie jii ho, boi chau tek-hieh bi the ;
first in an ascending series. hu biie cang ;
bamboo leaves u.sed in wrapping dumplings are the farthest off in the series, tieh u cang chu;
better after having been u.sed several times, there must be gradations. tah-po-cang a ;
for then they will not impart a taste to the stairway. sa" cang lau a building of three
;
dumpling. diminishing storeys. peh kau toi" ngo cang ;

DICTIONAET OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
28
climbed to tlie fifth storey. tft ai kgh co kui — cap —

How have put
caiiffP many slielves will you ^^-1-* cap 86 J nice; gravy.
to t6i" sa"
into the cupboard ? pang cftng;^ put {I 67 2 cui cap; the juice, chaicap;
it on the third shelf,
thui-kch jieh coi cung kiam-chai
hui^ the watery part of vegetables.
How many steps are there in the stairs ? have been
cap; the brine in which vegetables
km thah to ci e khu hu teng fl n6 peb gua mai' phui cek sa°; do not
pirkled. piu-lt) cap
keli luli-po-crmg; that pagoda has over two all over your jacket. chio kiit
get betel juice
hundred steps iu its stairway.
ce, mai° cliio kau cap-cap ;
mix it stiff, do not
85 To drench by pouring from make a tliin batter of it. bo thng bo cap, ciah
cang c&i tit Idh ? Witli no moisture about it, how can
540 8 above,
the I eat it ? i Hap ka" bo mih cap this oraiige is
( ;
pun caug kau cek sin drenched by

iio ;
not very juicy. cap 16ng-16ng ; thick juice,

baths, tieh cai
rain. cang-ek take sliower ;
tliin juice. fo u cap more
must look out that cap cheug-cheng; ;
th(5i°, m hd tang tieh nang ;

nC of the right con*
with it when pouring juicy. cah-cap cah-cap ;
you do not souse people Bistence. h6-cnp siap chut l&i the gravy of ;
it down.
the fish has oozed out.
180 The parenchymatous viscera.
iit^ cSng cap 120 To intrench ;
to encamp ;
to
all the
949
18 ngS-tftng luk-hii ;
h
teri.al organs of a body.
in^-
hui, sim, pi, kua°,
^^^ 7
4 settle.
sfo- ia° cap to tl-ko ? Where is the camp set ? ci

sien, cia si kie-co ngo cftng tai-chiung, ;
cfk tui cap t5 cf, hii c6k tui cap t6 hu ; this
ci'a
chiang, iii, ta", phang-kuang, 8im-pau-16k, and that one
si k\e-co lak hii the lungs, heart, spleen, liver company is intrenched here,
;
there. chiu" cap-ctt ; invite one to stay or to
and kidneys are called the five viscera the ;
for the night. i cap t5 sua'-thfiu ; he
the stomach, the put up
large and small intestines, is established at Swatow.
gall,
the bladder, and the heart-case are called
the membraneous viscera. cftng hii siang 75 Documents
A^ cap ; writings.
phue the two sorts of viscera
;
are the comple-
^\^ 7 T ciia-cap ;
paper used for docu-
ujent each of the other. ments. Ble'-sie" u cu-cap lai liang ; com-
munications were constantly exchanged. I6h
cJlng 44 A terrace.
kfti cap send a document.
;
052 12 sna°-.sia cek cJlng ci k cJlng ;
the slope of the hill is ter)-aced. n<>6 cftng Ifiu;

-iij&i cfip
172 Mixed ;
unassorted ;
con-
a building with five diminishing storejs. cek
?ptt 939 10 fused.
eJing cek cJliig nang-mueh
coi c&i ; there are a
c&p hue mixed goods, cap
;
mueh all sorts of ;
so
great many people in this crowd, standing things, capsu; many kinds of business, cftp
that their heads appear in ascending and re- sek many colored.
; phah cap do all sorts of ;
ceding tiers. woik. to tng phah cap; engaged in doing

odd jobs. cap kieh a man of all work. ;
cung 154 To to bestow np- sim cap the mind

present ;
Iwn-cap iu confusion. ; ;
»"3 951 1l2 on ;

to make a parting gift, disti-acted. cfip cSi ; many different things to
kau ang(
;
to present to. hong cang ; respect- be attended to. mai" lap-cAp ta" ;
do not
fully offer as a gift, promoted
li
cang ang jin ;
garble it in the telling. lap- lap-cap-cap all ;
according to rule. cling chiii, bo cang ci° ;

mixed confusedly. 6i° cap nûg loafers, ;
give promises instead of the cash. ua cang i

cilp-ceng kia°; a bastard. chap-chap cap-cap ;
cek peh ngun cO 16 hui I gave him a hundred do

;
heterogeneous, lu mai" lai ci-kd chap-cap ;
dollars for his travelling expenses, heng tit Q not come here and idle about at times when
niong nang to cang chui, su cia" s6ng could ; others are engaged. cap bu ; sundry engage-
a certain person be had as negotiator, the busi- ments, cap-kap ; a mixture of many kinds,
ness would be done, cang-sang ieh-i"; gave a from various
cap-pe cap-b<5 kia°; a lot of scamps
parting gift of medicinal pills. cang ke cng ;
places.
make wedding presents. cang lu boi let you ;
have it at no profit to myself. bo mueh h6

I
-^
cap 24 Ten, a complete number.
cang lu I have nothing to give you as a
; I 768 "O toi" cap the tenth.
; cap-it ;
souvenir. hp tit lu cang ua cek pi cu lak I ; eleven. ten tables.

cap ciah cling cftp ;
wish you would give me a helping hand for a gua ; over ten. cia° c up kai about ten of ;
moment. them. cap kim ; all sorts of condiments.

C&p cok ;
full ; complete. cap hnn lid ; can 64 To pay a balance to make up ;
cap sia" sieh as kind as 34 the full sura ; to supply what

perfectly good. ; 4
possible, cap cliwn ;
entire, rap hun tit cek ; is deficient.
got one tenth of it. cS,p kiii kai ? How many chun jieh coi ci" kai i cau tit ? How much cash
ovei- ten are there ? kiii cslp kiii ; several tens remains for the making up of the full sum ?
of them, kvii cap iii ;
several decades. c&p sin kai, cau co ci°; pay the remainder in cash,
gua nang more than ten persons.
; put kue sng h'o, cau cheng-clio hai" reckon it up, and i ;
sii cap hang sii only a few^ short seasons. ; then pay him the balance in full.
cfi.p ji
ke an upi-ight cross.
; cap ji lo-thau ;
two roads, crossing at right angles. cap, pat ~\'--

cau 156 To run to travel ; to get ;
bo cek ; does not know a tithe of it. cap u Atr 9^1 away.
kaa ngia; nine out of ten of them are pretty, cau me°-me°; run quickly. cau khu run ;
in ju ngo-cap hin; fifty per cent paid

pell chia away, cau lai cau khu run to and fro. cau ;
down is better than a hundred per cent on chut, cau jip ; run out and run in. cau ia*^ i ;
credit. cap-poih se°; the eighteen provinces, outrun him. cau su i; was outrun by hira.
elmn kau cap pe ki ; have ten bunches of them cau m khu; cannot run. cau kau khang-
remaining. cap u kau khu; have disposed khang cau lio-lio khu khut i cau peh-peh
; ;
of nine tenths of them. it cap kai a single ; khu it has all run out.
;
ciii cu to kp, boi
ten. it ji cap one or two tens. it ngo, it
; cau the water collects there, and cannot run
;
cap; five or ten at a time. cap-hun hua°-hf ; off. cau ciii, tieh cau tit cheng the water- ;
wholly pleased. shed must be such that the water will all be
carried off. ci ciah cau khu khue, hu ciah cau
,
r^ cap guard house at a pass.
25 A lai me"; that one went quickest, and this one
1^ 940 pang; the quarters for
3 cftp came soonest. kia° ho, m ho cau walk deco- ;
the guards. cie° cap-pang; stand on guard at cau khu hek ;

rously along and do not run.
the guard house. cap tun a guard station. ;
tired from running. cau kau puah tieh ; ran
till he fell down, cau bi; lose flavor, cau khi;
lost its strength khut i cau thut khu ; allowed
.
>^5 cau 162 To encounter; to meet; to him to slip off. pai cau beat a retreat, ;
l l^-^ 952 11 undergo ; I'ecurring an oc-

; phun-cau a fugitive. ;
can kiie se°; went off
casion ;
a time. to another province. cau kue hwn ; wont
cau eh to meet with obstacles.
;
cau lang to ; away to foreign parts. lu cau cie" toa khu !
encounter difiiculties. cau huang; met with Where will you run to lia thoi" lu cau tui !
bad weather. cau ho met with rain. cau ;

ti-ko khu! I think I see you running away
lia khu cek somewhere ai° cau, cau m li ; wanted to
chak-kiap encountered robbers.
;
!
cau, khu no cau I have been once and again,

; escape but could not. cau choi° H be ; send a
lia ta° cek cau, ta° no cau, lu co-ni m khu cp ? swift courier. cau bun-cu; send a dispatch
I have told you once and ngain, why do you in haste. cau chi° koi mS.ng hasten to dis- ;
not go and do it ? ua ta" kue no sa" cau li'o, pose of what will not keep. cau khu jio i ;
16 hwn ill thia"; I have told you repeatedly, but run and overtake him. chwn boi cau lau ;
yet you do not heed it. cau cau ngo lu itdoes not leak any. cau-lau sie-sit the ;
m tieh ; it repeatedly happened that 1 did news leaked out. cau-sai a smuggler. cau ;
not find you in. ke cek cau once more, ; hiang; to smuggle. cau boi tit khi; can-
cau-thak to knock about and wear out not run by. si'e cau ; ran with short steps,
;
uselessly. lau-cau wn khu all leaked out. tau cau liah ;

;
to play tag. pui kai nang bo mih 6i cau ;

cau 119 The grains left after distill- stout people cannot run well. thio can khu;
952 11 ing spirits; to corn, or pickle, tiin cau khu jeiked and
jumped away. ;
cia cau; sdh ciu kai cau; distillei''s grains, broke away. cio pue cau khu; the bird flew
cwn CO lai eiah kai cau malt made especially ; off. siu cau swam off. cua so cau the
; ;
for food, cau tu-nek corned pork. cau hu ; ; snake wriggled off. pe" cau crept off. peh ;
cured fish. cau sie ciu a clear mild spirit ; khi ciu cau got up and ran off. ;
cau tng
made from rice. ua khng u cek pau ho- lai ran back.
; thp cau ran backwards, cau ;
hd kai cau I have a pot of the best malt put

; khui, pi i dodge aside and avoid it.
;
to cau ;
away. cau kau lok-lok; left in the sediment flee away. than cau ran slyly away. can ;
of liquor till
thoroughly corned. tui ci'u- khu iiam ran and hid. ; cau kau bp hun b6
thau-cau lai tah put on a malt poultice.
; fa gone and left no trace behind.
; me"-ine'
30 DICTIONAUT OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT.
pho i cau khui quickly caught him up in his

;
long as other people. cdu be khu a" cin-cn ;
arms and ran aside, khek lai cau sin carved ; discovering pearl.i when riding swiftly speed ;
off, so as
to destroy its significance, (as in does not permit careful scrutiny. kliut i can
cutting letters). cau keh, tteh cai niueh h<5; tio cek choi" ngiin lost a thousand dollars
;
the lines made have run over the limits, Ihey through his running away, tau kfa", can kiV;
must be readjusted. ta" khi, pong-pong ran ;
sons and daughters, (so called because the one
just now got up and clattered oif. cau khu, goes away from home, and the other stays),
pi!i-p6ng-kie ; ran off boisterously. cau kau can-kiii kia"; a young female slave. b<Si ciiu-
hm-liiTi chwn ; ran till all out of breath. bun kiii; buy a female domestic, cau koi an agent ;
cau got away through some interstice.

;
pun" in a shipping office. cau it; slip out of place,
chju" t-au got away by going over the wall,
; cau slap; ooze out. jwn cau run at random, ;
bl ca'i ;
swam away under water, cun tht?' cau ; slang can; run very hard. pia" cau; ran fast,
poled the boat quickly away. niueh cai &.\\ i
•
li-li tau; run
right on without stopping, clie"
caiiied the things off in a boat. thok i (in ;
cdu rushes off.
;
maneuver so as to get him to go away. i
^
jlo
can ; c6ng i cau ; drive hi»n away. kia° i cAn ;
cau lis A bamboo skimmer.
frighten him away. than i can warn him ;
34
4 cau-loi a splint ladle, khieh
;
away. ham i can ; call out to him to run. cau-ldi khu hd piig; take the bamboo skimmer
j{ar\g i cau drive him away by screajnini; out
;
and dip out the rice. cang cau-lOi lai ko ;
at him. sai i cau; make him run. thua i can; take the skimmer and skim it out.
make him run by catching hold of him. jlo
i in cau ; he will not be driven off.
phah si m ip-X^
cau 86 A kitchen range ; a place
can; will not be beaten off. tMg cau; got away AX» 954 8 for cooking, cku-e ; the kit-
by breaking the rope. Un cau; clambered chen. cku-Hua'-thau; the top of the range,
^
down and fled. kwn cau ; broke away and hiie-c&a; a kitchen furnace, cph cau ; build a
sped phiu cau slipped his fetters and
off. ; range. pun cp kiii cau ; divided into several
escaped. kng cau carried off between two
;
households. ci kAi mfig-iau Ifti kiii hiie-cku P
bearers, and thus escaped. tug cau speedily ;

How many families are there iu this building?
passed from hand to hand on its way. bih
can; went off, keeping in ambush meanwhile, ciu 37 To report to the throne to ;
khali can rolled away.

; khi" can ; clambered _ _ 962 6 make known to the govern-
off, holding on to something overhead. la ment; to celebrate.
cau take it on his back and depart in haste,
;
can huang-ti; cau h&ang-siang; to make known
liu cau; get away by slipping through one's to the emperor, cau huang-thai-ho ; to report
hands. to the empress dowager. can png ; cau cie";
phun cau ; got away by dodging
through a crowd. niia cau ; went off a memorial to the throne, cau png pang; the
hastily
sitting down and shoving himself aloncr with officewhere memorials are prepared. cie° can ;
his hands. phah i m cau, io si si kai fired ;

to send up a report. min cau to state per- ;
at it and it did not run, so it was a sonally to the emperor, mit cau a sealed
surely ;
dead one. sie ce°

cau; striving for precedence memorial. ciin cau to assent to a memorial,
;
in getting away. cau lio, to-tng thia", boi pd cau a recommendation to mercy.
; can
cau ran until his stomach ached so he could
;
chia" a petition.
;
cau sio; a report of expen-
run no longer. cau kue si-iiang kai nang ; ditures, cau cih paper used in writing me-
;
a great traveller. cau kue jieh coi se" ? How morials, cau gauh to strike up the band to
; ;
many provinces has he travelled in ? can play on musical instruments.

kang 6 kai nang; a tricky fellow. cSu hiSam ;
an escaped criminal.
cau
cau kam an escaped
tit ; could notm can
;
^^
V
cau
1142
20
2"
Equal, even, alike
to allot equally,
; uniformly;
prisoner. escape.
chak; escape from robbers. oi phau 6i cau; pun cng, pun m
cau ; the spoil was not equally
very active. can cek se"; gad through the divided. ce pun lai m can, cii ai" sie ce"; if it
whole province, cun can, cun khu jlo a boat ;
is not divided
equally they will wrangle over
is required in
chasing a boat you must spend ;
it. i kong-tfiu cai,
pun kau cau-cslu ; he is
money in the recovery of money. lii cau khu very just, and apportions it equally. chiu
81! You ran hard enough to kill yourself! cau-cau mix it thoroughly.
;
hi kau c&u-cfia ;
(said ironically to a slow person). cau sek ; stir it up till it is evenly mixed. lok kau
to fade. kia° cun, can be sa° hun rala"; cau-c&u shake it up and down till is it of
;
sailors and couriers live but three tenths as uniform consistency. no ie° cham cau mix ;
DICTIOXAUT OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT. 31
the two ingredients fully. chap kliu m ckxi ',

birth. lu kai kui cSu si sim-mih si jit, sim-
thev do not mingle thoroughly. lau-cau si mih ni gueh ? Wheu were you born ? cia si
cie"- se" it is the same all (he way through,
; phong tieh u c5.u-huo this is a run of luck, ;
huii hli m cau the whitewash is not laid on

; phong tieh ii cSu-hue lia ciu lai; when cir-
ko iTi cau, u kai u, u kai ho the cumstances are propitious I will come. png
evenly. ;
in some places tiam eu cS,u kai made in our own shop ; home
paste is not put on smoothly, ;
there is paste and. in some there is none. manufactures. lu kai Qe si png liam cu cSu ;
this is story which you yourself make up.
^Hl cSu 162 To form
a party ;
to create ;
theng-cau-hije cng to use as we may happen
;
jHî 954 ~7" in a cause; to put on record, to want it. theng-cJiu-hite boi; sells it when-
oho ig bo se°-chnt u, k\e-co cau: choiig u pi"- ever he happens to have a chance. thengf
c6 bo kie-to hue to form something out of ; cau-hiie khu; goes now and then according to
nothing is called creating: to resolve something circumstances. theng-cS,u-hue ai"; whenever
into nothing is called dissolution. cSii hue ; it
happens that it is wanted.
the changes of nature, production and dissolu-
tion. au-hue, oau-hue
< How lucky ho ! !
cSu 122 A
protecting cover; to cover.
cSn-hue; good lu k. thcng-cau-hue as it ; 348 cS,u miu kai p6 a vail for ;
chance. ua theng-cSu-hue lai I chanced to 5 the face. kle (;au a cover to keep the dust
;
come. lu raai" theng-caa-hue c6 do not do from a sedan.

;
teng c3,u; a lamp shade. eng
this hMp-hazfird. cla si bo cau-hiie kai, m si i
mueh cS,u mi", cia" boi chue tieh liuang, ia boi
own kai ; this is an unlucky accident, it is not take something and cover it up, then
nah-sap ;
what he designed. ue mai" theng-cau-hue the wind will not blow upon it, and it will
ta"; do not talk at random. cau-hiie boi puah not become soiled.
tieh happily you did not fall.
;
cau-hue cSi ;
very fortunate. sim si cS.u-hue exceedingly ;

cSu A
black, or very dark gray
100
lucky, bo cau-hue ciu bo; if there is no favor- 954 color lictors.
2
able chance it will not be done. m cai co hie" cau-hwn; copperas. ni cau-hwn ; color with
;
bo cau-hue, tui-tui i iTi to do not know why I ;

cau-kak legumes of the Gledltschia
copperas, ;
should have been so luckless as to be there just

Sinetisis, used in making coarse soap. cSu-
when he was absent, m cai co-ni hie" cau-hiie
pang cau ti lictors criers in a cortege,
; ; ;
chua lai kau ho do not know how it was that

; cau-thau head
the chief lictor.
cSu-cong ; ;
the fates were so propitious in the bringing lictors. put hun cSu peh does not discrimi- ;
home of the wife. keh ni iu cau-hiie se" kai nate between black and white unreasonable. ;
tau-kia"; the next year she had, moreover, the

good luck to bear a son. ci'a si theng-cSu-
hiie this is fortuitous.

;
ci kia" su theng lu
kai cau-hue; let this matter be attended to yj^^ 210 To abstain
ce a fast lenten ; ;
whenever you have a favorable chance. i J^^ 10 ~3" fare a study or closet, ;
cu-ce a student's room. co cu-ce, ha sie te ;

theug-cau-hue ai° lai; he will come when chance ;
sit in the study and blow hot tea; elegant

favors. i
theng-cau-hue co he makes some ;
now and then whenever he happens to have leisure. tiang-si khui cu-ce ?
When will the
school begin ? ciah ce to live solely on
the opportunity. liang cû kai kua"-si ;
tl-tiang ii
cheng-li ? Of the two parties in the vegetables, as do many devout Buddhists, ce-
lawsuit, which is in the right ? cSu cheh put ;

kai to live as a vegetarian,
; tiang-si piet ce?
on the recoi'ds. co su raai" cjlu chu; in When does the fast end ? ciah tng ce fast ;
cau ciah hue ce fast at certain tixed

transacting business do not be flurried. perpetually, ;
is a fast-
ngan, cau gu an entire fabrication.
;
kha periods. kia"-jit tiii ce-khi ; to-day
cau hue-cam siu-sek skillfully made head ; day, ciah ce p6 cek ak fast as an offset to ;
ornaments. si i cau khi-thau he was ;

wickedness. cia pia" si ce kai a .si chp kai ?
the inventor. ci ciah thi''-si>''-chia si Is this sort of cake lenten fare or not ? ci ie°
chai u nang ta" si ce kai, u nang ta" si chp

ii-tiang cau-khf kai ? Who invented this
sewing machine ? i chang-cSu thi°-ti kai ;
some say this vegetable is ^ lenten fare,
bvvn mueh he tai cSu
created all and some say it is not. ce tng ; a temple
;thiugs.
kai .su si co-ui ? What is the gist of the whose inmates fast. ce ma women who ;
matter ? khun cau a girl's horoscope, ;

abstain from animal food. cp mang-ce, a si
khien cau a boy's horoscope. cSu iig make (
;
CO kong-tek ? Is it to be a private or a public
;
kiii cau ; your funeral ?

arrangements for a funeral.
n
sister.
c4
973
leng c4 your sister.
38
6^
An
ce-mue
ray
toa ce, jl c6 ;
the eldest and the next to the eldest sister, ce
;
elder Bister.
; sisters. ke ce ;
was asked
ni hau" hiah
for he assented.
;
rains as if it would never stop.

when
once begins to rain, it
mai" ce co
ciu cp ni hiah ; do not go on forever when you
it
liQ c6 loh cln loli
hu an elder sister's husband. sin b6i kfti a- have once begun. lia ce thoi" r7i ki", lu
;
sdk sin ciu can; whenever am not looking, you run off.
ce kfa"; a newly bou<^ht concubine.
lia ce hb t6, lu cp-nl do m thak ? Why is it
kS,i a-ce a concubine taken out of a brothel,
;
chiah-kha ce ; a natural footed concubine or that you stop studying, whenever I am ab-
slave.
sent? ua ce chut koi, lu k&i mng tieh cie' htf.
h<5 when I am gone out, you must watch the
;
ce 9 A debt. door carefully, mai" ce ciah ciu ciah kau cie'

11 kluani c6; owe a debt.
10 hfti" c5i ; when you do eat, do not eat so much,
ce ; pay a debt. ce-cu creditor. lia c6 ta" ciu si cie-se"; when I have once said a
ce-kia"; ;
debtor. ci°-c^ the money due. ju tlid iSu

; thing I adhere to it. iia ce ham, lu ciu tieh
ce as difTicult as the collecting of an old debt,
;
Ifii ;
when yon, you must come.
1 call i cS
khiam nfing kui cb to owe some one. c6i" ;

chie lu ciu soil cp ke kai when he laughed ;
86° coi" 81 kliiani lu kai ce In a former life I ! you mistakenly thought it was untrue. c6
died indebted to you I suppose tlid ce ; !
kau-chap ciu cai ; while associating with him
demand what is due. you will Gnd out. c6 thia" da \n ; answered
p^'ig ch lend money ; ;
shave notes. th(5 ce kui a troublesome ;

as soon as I lieard.
imp. th(5 ch kia°; a bad child of mine,

sent to rae as a punishment for sin. ci°-ce jl^ c5 An adverb of comparison, ana-
7
sbi ku the debt is of little consequence. ce ,
~~^ 796 5 logons to the termination er ;
;
hoi" wn the debt is paid in full. partly ; rather. c6 h<5 c6 ; make a better one.
; lap n&ng
cek sin c^; owes a debt that it will take all his khiie c6 speedier.
;
86i c€ ; smaller, t&ng c6 ;
life to ci°-ce lap pin mak debt up to
in heavier. tkm eg ; wetter. chit ta eg wipe ;
pay. ;
his eyes. ci"-ce bo thang hd h&i"; not where- it dryer, thiu kng-kut eg ; plane it smoother.
with to pay the debt. i7i kio i th<5 ; would
ce s6i chcng-khih eg ; wash it cleaner, sau p^h
not demand the amount due from him. ci tlo
eg sweep it cleaner, cfl-soi ce ; be more care-
;
ci^-ce cHu-hue i Hen tieh lia, i7i kio ua thd

ful, iia" c6 ; later, ca eg ; earlier.
;
peradventure he may have pity upon me, and

not demand the amount of this debt. c6 hai" l^ ' cS A contraction of cek e
;
once ;
183 a
while ; for a while, little
cheng, hok teng, hok
bile si to sio si 1
phoi
when the debt khut lia th6i" eg let me take a look at it,
pliah siu-toa" kliut nAng ; is ;
paid in part only, perhaps the amount paid theng ce wait a bit. tang ua eg wait for me
; ;
will be entered on the account, or perhaps a

an instant. hi° eg give it a shake. ; khut i
receipt will be given for it. phak eg let it sun a little.
;
^
c6 1 Once; nt once; as soon as;
egA stockade; a palisade ; a hold;
40
1095 at the time before verbs it ..?Hr 10a corral. 11
;
often makes the participial form, ia" <g barracks.

; sua" eg ; a hill fortress,
ce thoi" ciu pat knew it at one glance. ce chak eg; a bandit's hold, kiap eg to plunder ;
;
thak flu pat knew it after once reading it. a post. ce cu the owner of a stockade, ;
;
ce oh ciu 6i having learned yon will be able, hie" eg ; a forti6ed village. eg cab ; the gates
;
ce (iu sek of a fortress, ce mng ; the entrance to a hold,

jl si'a ; by writing the letters you be-
come familiar with them. ohui ce ta° kii eiu ce chie"; the wall of a stronghold, ce l2.i ;
kut by saying them over constantly you get within a guarded retreat.
;
so tliat you can pronounce them easily, ce lai

ciu u loa-bo-mueh nang; when they once come
there will be a host of people, ce klm ciu hie" To wrangle ; to strive to emu-
ce" 6 :
kii when he does go he stays a long time,

; 29
6 late,
ce cp ciu seng ; as soon as he began he accom- ce" soi"; strive for precedence. ce" kong ;
plished it. ce pe° eiu boi ciah on becoming ; emulate merit. hau" ce"; quarrelsome. ce"-
ill he could not eat. ce sie° tieh ciu khi to to qnarrel.
;
ce" ui-chu ; contest a position,
;
whenever he thinks of it he becomes angry. ce" chi toh chang wrangle about the wife, and
;
ce ta" ciu hau" as soon as it was spoken of he

;
seize upon the land. 8p ce" u hSn the diffe- ;
consented. ce khiu ciu kheng ; as soon as it rence is a slight one. sie ce"; to contend, sie
DICTIONARY OP THE SWATOW DIALECT. 33
ce" boi, sie ce" boi; rivals in trade, sie re" ke- no sunshine these ten davs. oi ce" ua clu ki'
hiio a squabble about tools.
;
sie ce° kfa°; a khu ; should it clear, I shall go. cek choi"
contention in regard to their children, sie ce" ngAu png ci" cp cek ni ciu ce" khu got rid of ;
sie ji'ang disputing in loud tones,

;
sie ce° lio, a thousand dollars of capital in one year. n§
sie phah ; a dispute leading to blows. nin s(5 ce"-ce", huh-jien ciu toa huang ho ; a sudden
ce" kai to si bo-siang-kang kai su what you ; tempest in bright weather.
are contending about is a very unimportant
ce" 174
matter. cia to mien .sie ce° ksli this is some- •^^ Still, quiet, noiseless.
Ry 994 8"
;
thing that there need be no debate about, ai" ce"-ce°; very etill. tlam-ce";
sie ce" mih su ? What occasion is there for motionless and noiseless. ua°-ce"; quietly,
wrangling about it ? ara-ce"; secretly. thiam-ce"; undisturbed,

thim-ce"; sunk in oblivion. ce"-s6i ; attentive,
^4fl ce" 7 A well a deep pit. ;
sim tieh ce"-s6i thoi" khu, cia" u tit you must ;
y I 993 2 ce" cui well-water. ;

chl-ce° pay close attention and then you will retain
kai nang a huckster a loafer.
;
; khui ce"; something of what you study. me" ce", ke"
Hn ce"; dig a well. ko ce"; an old well, chira in the stillness of the midnight.
;
ce"
kham ce'*; to cover a well, thun tie ce"; fill up sie"; quietly think. ce"-ce" khu cp; noiselessly
a well, put ce"; clean out a well, ce" ki"; the
went and did it. m ce"; unquiet. khah ce";
brink of a well. ce" pi"; beside a well. ce" too lonely. ce" chio-chio ; perfectly noiseless,
kha; by ihe well, ce" teng; a roof over a well, tiam huang, ce" nng still air. ; ce°-ce", b6
ce" chie"; the walls of a well, co ce", kwn thi"; nang cai ; quietly so as to let no one know. i
kai ngan-sin io ce"; the expression of his eye

sitting in a well looking at the heavens ; an in-
leng ho" ce"; the aqua- indicates a quiet mind.
experienced person.
rium at the entrance of a temple, under the
images of the dragon and the tiger. ^^g^^
— ceh —
ce"; money vaults. thim ce"; an open court ceh 120 To splice threads.
within a house. ce" kho well rounds. ce" >^^
;
7|»^ 986 11 phang ceh to spin and
; splice
cua"; a well spring. ce" toi the bottom of a ;
threads. ceh coi to join the fibers used in
;
well. ce" min ; the top of a well. tio-p ce"; cloth. ceh u yeh coi coi ? How
weaving
a well with a sweep. koi" ce"; the hollow much thread have you prepared ?
above the collar bone, ce" siu the 22nd cons- ;
tellation, six .stars in Gemini. lau ce"; a trap ceh 154 To reprove to reprimand ; ;
door in the floor of an upper storey. ui ce"; 957 4 to be responsible for; a duty;
the socket in which a mast is set. lim kuah, a charge a fault. ;
cu ceh self reproach, ;
kut ce"; wait until thirsty, before digging a ceh-hwt to punish.

; ceh-pi to reprimand, ;
well. sua ce"; a pit in the sand, to hold the ceh-mng; to interrogate reprovingly. kue-
water of an ebbing tide. ce" ham; the side ceh ; faults. khin ceh a duty of easy per-
;
of the well has caved in. cieh ce"; a crevasse formance, tang ceh ; a heavy responsibility,
in rocks. hu ce"; deep places where fish hide ceh seng to carry through.
;
ci'a si lia kai ceh
in pools. seng this duty devolves upon me.
; ceh-jim
tang cai a very weighty responsibility. toa
m A ;
ce" 170 pitfall. ceh-jim important duties.

; poh-poh ceh ce;
994 4 hara-ce" a trap for wild to reprove slightly. tS.ng ceh si-cap poi";
;
beasts. ham-ce"
liu kai l&i tie" i ; dug a pit a punishment of forty blows with a heavy bam-
and entrapped him. boo, ceh-rae"; to reproach in violent terms,
ci kai ceh-jim m-hp tho this responsibility
n^ ce" 72 The clear blue sky; the cannot not be evaded.
;
tng ci kS,i ceh-jim;

HH 996 8 weather clearing up after a bear this responsibility.
storm.
thi" ce" k(5 ua long continued drought.
; ho ceh 128 Official duty ; title ; office.
ce"; the rain has ceased, ce" ta dr}^ weather, ; 70 12 ceh-jim ; an office and its
thi" ce"; clear weather. ce" kii h'o it cleared ; duties, ceh hun ; the duties of an office, kua"
up long ago. thi" ai" ce" h'o ; it is clearing ceh official title.
; ceh wn a functionary of ;
already. ho loh ili hau" ce"; it rains as if it any grade under a red button. sip ceh ; a
would never stop. tieh ii pak huang cia" oi
hereditary office. keh ceh deprive of office,;
ce"; if the north wind came up, it would then ui su keh ceh throw up an office through fear
;
clear. ci cap jit, thi" boi ce"; there has been of it difficulties. toa ceh hue ke retire from. ;
34 DICTIONAET OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
office, retaining the official titles. sin ceh ; to chin cek-pe; pau cek; father's own jounger
receive office, ceh su; the business connected brother, the two having the same mother, cek
with an office. t/en-su put leng si tit ceh ; tiet uncle and nephew.
; hlu cek kong great ;
an inferior justice cannot take leave of his grandfather's younger brother. a-cek kia";
official duties. hong slm-inih kua" cell ? an uncle's infant <;hild. thang a-cek ; gi-and-
What official title has been conferred upon father's younger brother's son.
cuang a-cek ;
him ? great grandfather's younger brother's grand-

son. c6k cek; a distant cousin on the father's
I
ll ceh 9
Oblique or inclined, (used in side. Koi cek; what a wife calls her husband's
//V 959
reference to the eight tones),
2
younger brother.
phe" ceh ; the even and the inclined tones, ceh
sia"; the other than the two even tones. ceh cek 115 To store up, to accumulate,
J^^
un rhymes in the inclined tones.
;
c{ k&i jl si 'T^ 986 11 to increase, to multiply.
phe" a si ceh ? Has this letter an even or an CJ'k huk ; happiness derived from works of
inclined tone ? SHpererogulion, (a phr-ase used by Buddhists),
— cek — cek ak an accutnulation of sins.
to araasR.
;
tun-cek ; to heap up.

cek-thiok
tun-cek oi"-
;
'KS -^ A candle.
^®^ ngfin ; to amass wealth. cek tek ; to increase
A^l 13 lah cek ; wax candles.
97 cui in goodness. cek ni; added years. jit cek
cek ; a cat-tail rush. ce cek ; candles having gueh liii days and months multiply.
; cek ni,
no animal fat in them, chp cek ; a suet tandle. liii
gueh a prolongation of life.
; Iiii-cek c6
boi c6k tiii loa cek ; buy a couple of large can- c6k e; collect in a single sum. p6i° cek ua°;
dles, tfam cek ; Ham cek ; light a candle. to adjudicate the accumulated cases. cu-cek
soi° suah cek ; previously prepare the candles CO cek tu congregate in one swarm.
; cek
for lighting, by lighting and inverting thera hueh ; the blood has settled there. cek khi ;
for a moment. ie cek ; make candles. pun to nurse wrath. kii ni kai cek tak ;
the
kue cek; blow out the candle. teng-nang poisonous accumulations of many years. cek
khu cek; go and put a candle in the
cie° kii kai mueh long hoarded things.
; cek ku
lantern. so cek-sim twist candle wicks.
;
kai pe°; a disease of many years standing, sio
dim cek kut insert a peg in the lower end of
; huang khu cek; aperient and cathartic,
the candle. cek tieh boi k3.u lah kfii, huang phua" cek hueh ; relieve congestion.
cia" chue bo hie" 6i lui ; in buying candles, get
those made chiefly of wax, and then they will cek 86 To estimate ; to sound ;
to
not be so apt to run down when the wind blows 900 9' fathom.
on them. cek kue kliui ; the candle has gone cek-^ng to conjecture ; to calculate ; to make
;
out. chiu mui" ji'i tieh cek-iu ; do not get an estimate. co-''^ cek-.'-ng to in chut ;
your hands daubed with candle grease. cek however much I cogitate upon it, I cannot
sai the snuff from a candle,
;
ho khu a ki cek make it out. ce cek-sng cu chut; as soon
lai tiam ; go and get a candle and light it. as you reckon it over you will see what it
ci ki cek h'am lio bo hie° kng this candle ;
amounts to.
does not give a good light, chai-hue kai cek ;
a candle of varied colors. tang pang hue-
cek 18 A
rule; a standard; where-
cek the candles in a bridal chamber.
; chong W] 7956 fore; in that case,
thi" lah cek ; an enormous candle used in an huap-cek a rule or pattern to go by.
; it cek
illumination in the open air. cek tui; a candle- co-ni, ji cek co-ui ? What is the first step in
stand, cek kong ; a small candle-stick, the process, and what the second ? it cek
jl cek cie° sie, chTing ciu koi hwt;

loll ho,
t^ng cek, siah cek, peh-thih cek ; a brass,
pewter, or tin cylinder, Jiolding oil and a wick firstly there must be rain, and secondly there
for burning it. cek-taikha; siah eek-kha; a must be warmth, then tlie rice will readily
candle-stick holder. cek-tih a low candle- ;
sorout up. cie°-.se" iu (U cek khp, lu'e-se" ciu
stick. twn-twn ill- ho ; that method may answer, but
the other will assuredly not do. jien-cek, lu
-til cek 29 A
father's younger brother. cp-ni ta° ? If so, then what say 3'ou ? siii cek
*C^ 779 6
a-cek; cek-pe; father's young- si cie''-se''; this is then the case. cek li; rules
er brother, cek kong ; lS,u cek ; c6 cek grand ;
and regulations. siang cek chang, tong cek
father's younger brother. cek peh hia^-ti ; chang, hia cek ch&ng ; the upper, middle, aud
male cousins, whose fathers were brothers. lower field.
115 Pnnioled niillet. a string of cash. cSk sia" ci"; a portion of

cek
su cek the two kinds of money. cek hQn ke-ngiap; a portion of an
r3C ^87 ~To ;
ci sla i;ek toa"; the altar at which estate, cek hong sua"; a hill. cSk ke" ceng ;
millet.
a harpsichord. cek pak ji-ue a drawitig,
offerings are made to the gods of the land and
;
cek phien cha; a splinter, cek ndi huti-kuah;

of grain.
a hill of potatoes. cek hwn phue a coverlet. ;
,_
cek 1 One ; a, an, the ;
entire. cSk te" chai ; a bunch of vegetables. c6k ph5
cek te'iig bo a cap.
1095 cek k3,i ; tek; a clump of bamboos. c6k cun ang-kfa"; a
Dang a person cek kia° .su an affair.
;
cek ;
doll, cek lap ciii a dipperfuU of water, ; cek
ki pit a pen. cek ki teng; a lamp.
;
cek ie" phiak clioi; a batch of dough. hai lia cp lio
mueli ; a thing cek khiiii p6; a roll of cloth, cek phueh choi put me to useless trouble;
;
cek ko bak a cake of ink cek ciah ci'o ;

;
made me waste m}' labor. c6k ciu kie ; c^k
a bird. cek ciah gu; an ox cek ciah cun ; tun kie c6k lio kie ; a bridge.
;
cek kii, cek
a bout. cek ciah chiu one hand. cek kha ; kii; sentence by sentence. lu cai via cek kii
Bie"; a box. cek liii hue; a flower. cek c9,ng si cek ku ; you know I mean what I
say
chiu a tree. ;
cek tio sph a rope, cek khiiu ;
and that there is no recanting nor shuffling,
phun a grave. cek co thah a pagoda, cek
; ;
cek bwn ; ten thousand. hu cSk kai that ;
koi" pang; a room. cek lua .sa"; a jacket, one hd cek jit that day. hiah ke c^k jit;
;
cek liap tau a bean, cek tali hfin ; a cumulus

; stay a day longer. hu cek p6i° on that side. ;
cloud. cek tio huu ; a fldk of cloud. cek ci cek nang this individual.
;
cek sin thia";
bo chang a field. c^k khu hng a garden,
; ; my whole body aches. se" cdk sin piii ; the
cek kiu .sua"; a ball of thread. cek pi" sua"; whole person covered with prickly heat. cSk
a skein of thread. cek chph bf a small ;
rain khut mang ka kau cek tiam cek tiam 9,ng-
quantity of rice. cek pe iam a handful of ; 9,ng ;

his face has been bitten by mosquitoes
Bait. cek pliong sua; a double-handful of till it is all little red dots, i cek
p6i° chxu boi
sand. cek tun thoa"; a heap of coal. cek khieh phu he cannot raise his hand. c§k ut ;
;
thah cu-cheh a pile of books. c6k png cu ;

;
at a right angle a sharp turn. ;
cek khek cek
a book. cek khuh ciii a puddle of water, ;
khek ; winding. cek pai, cek pS,i ; spread in
cek in cieh; a tier of stone.s. cek kah lia"; a rows, cek cak kia""; a short section, c^k khip
set of ten rice bowls, cek cun ciii a bottle of ;
cek khip khua"-khua" seng; round by round,
wator. cek phe hue an apronfull of flowers, ; gradually ascended. cSk keh cek keh khi
cek pau thng a package of sugar. cek tit
; khu; mounted step by step. cek kauh cek
ueh a perpendicular stroke.
;
cek pe cha; kauh khieh-khi take it up roll by roll.
; cie*
a bundle of fire- wood. cek phx° mng ; a door, thui cek po cek po went up the stairway step ;
cek to nang one generation. cek pak cang

; ; by step. kia" lo c^k huah cek huah ; strode
a dumpling, cek tui koi; a pair of fowls, cek along tlie road. cek lu cgk lu ; hummocks
sang 6i a pair of shoes. ;
cek tui pia"-i()ng; a at short distances apart. cek cang c6k cang ;
company of soldiers. cek khuii is"; a flock of shelf by shelf. cek leng, cek leng furrow ;
sheep. cek khun nang a throng of people, ; by furrow. cek ceng cek ceng; cup after
cek ueh a dash. cek phuah a stroke to the
; ; cup. cek raak cek mak mesh by mesh, ;
left. cek tiam a dot. cek cue a line, ; ;

cek ge cek ge having spikes. ;
cek phau cek
cek hieh cheh a leaf of a book. cek phien ; phau tufted.
;
cdk kak cek kak having ;
cu a page of a book.
;
cek ciie hun a crease. ; corners, or angles, cgk coih cek coih; in slices,
cek cue pliang ; a crack. cek hang cu a ;
cek cng, cek cng brick by brick. ;
cek h&p,
column in a book. cek cue ji a column of ; cek hap; clash after clash (of cymbals). cek
letters. cek ui nang-kheh a guest. cek ; cih cek cih in even folds.
;
c6k phiak, cek
tie" ciia a sheet of paper, cek tu ngun; a pile
; phiak; batch by batch. cek ie" cek ie"; twig
of dollars. cek tu mi"-hne ; a small quantity by twig. cek cSm cek cSm; stage by stage.
of flour. cek huang ngun a senled packet ; cek cak cek cak verse by verse. ;
cek cie" cek
of dollars. cek phit p6 ; a whole piece of cie"; chapter after chapter. cek iam cak iam ;
cloth. c^k tang pia"; a cylinder full of cakes, in gradations, one above another, (as garments
cek ie kun; a petticoat, cek pa pui a pimple, ; of unequal length, as mountains, or as slats in
cek to phu-tho a cluster of grapes. cek bde ;
a shutter). cek seh cek .seh; piece by piece,
Lu a fish, cek tioh he"; a prawn, cek phau
; (as pork that is laid out for sale). c§k sueli
te a drawing of tea.
; chong cek phau te ;
si sie°-ce°; that is one
explanation of it. lu
infuse some tea. c^k thiap ieh a dose of ;
cai sie" cdk sie"; you think it over again,
medicine, cek phit be a horse, cek tio ci°; ; ceng cek sie" cia, cek sie" hi'a ; plant a bed of
36 DICTIONAUY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
this and a bed of that. \ki cek bSng tia"; cSk kbiin chau stack.;
make a hay
cu-cbang
carae only once, phah i c6k e; struck him once, cii-cbang cek ko cui-phueb ;
chin-cbie" ci
cheno; cek teiig p6 wore only one thickncHs of
; porous like this sponge. cek cbiet kfii su to
clothing. cek e cek e; stroke by stroke, si ua li tbe whole affair was managed by me.
;
khu cek cua tia"; went only once. thia" cek cek-ki-llu; from that time on; during tbe
kiie ; heard it once. i''-keng thoi" cek kue Ho; whole time; from then till now continuously ;
have already seen it once. khu cek hie; go at one stretch. cek-ki-liu si eng i has em- ;
once. khu cek tng tIa"; go only once. cek ployed hini froin tbe beginning. c6k-ki-liu to
si sio" Ml chut; cannot just now think of it. ci-ko kbia-kiii; have lived here all the time.
cek si cek kbek to m
have not a moment's
oi";
leisure. khu kau cek
was there a year, iii ;
ySS c6k 85 Humid enriched ; redolent.
;
cek k4i giieh khii si ha.rig goes four times a ;

i'Hp 958 13 tek cek rich in virtues,
; un
month, lu to lu cek pi° li, lia co lia cek pi" li; cek; rich in mercy. kong cek; rich in merit,
jun cek; rich in moisture, ho cek; moistened
you attend to your affairs, and 1 will attend to
mine. khia to cek pi"; stand on one side, with showers. cek kip S,u sj benefit after ;
cek chiu sin se° ceiig-ceng ko-siii the trunk ; ages. c£k kip tl e ; to enrich tbe whole earth.
of the tree is all covered with mould fliea.
pang CO cek tit put them down so as to make
;
— ceng —
a straight row. cek tit cau ran straight on. ; 167 A small cup.
cek tit tng lai carae straight back.
;
khun-kia"; a little while longer.

ke c6k
cek mak
Mceng
106 cfu ceng ; a wine cup.
9
td ceng ; a tea cup. id cetig p&a" ; a saucer.
nib in just a second.
;
Q c6k khun quite a ;
long wbile. c6k siap-si ; a little while. c6k 167

lov A bell with flaring month.
ceng
tng sin ciu Ifti will be here in the time it
;
106 12ring a bell.phah ceng;
takes to turn around. hui c6k bui turn Has
ceng bfang a bOe the bell rung yet ?
;
?
around once. cek thio clu khi khu; went up
si-ceng; a clock, ceng-ke ; a belfry, si-ceng-
at one jump. niap c6k kai koi"; lay a plait. ke ; a cluck shelf, cd-ceng; a clock that stands
c6k kai cub, cek kai cub dimpled. c6k bu to ;
on a broad base. c6k ti'am ceng ; one o'clock,
che a set of knives and forks. cek koi" c6k
;
sa" tfara piia' ceng; half past three o'clock,
keb khuab cS,i taking all the rooms together,
;
lu tboi" si-ceng kî ti'am ; look at the clock and
it is very spacious, cek cbu cek cbii m sie t&ng; kbk ceng; ring a bell by
see what time it is.
it is different in different places. cek kai kbio ceng lui ko ring bells
beating upon it. ;
kbang, cek kai khang interstices at regular ;

and sound drums. cuang bak ceng ring a ;
intervals. cek kuii one catty. cek nie one
; ;
wooden bell to intrust business to a fool,
;
ounce. cSk kbwn; of one kind, cek lui nAng;
cek sut-kia" ho-cie a
ceng biang i7i tiii si tbe bell rang out of time,;
one class of people.
siu-sip ceng pie kai nang; one who repairs
;
little pepper. lob cek chob ki'a" si-iu; put

clocks and watches, ceng bQe bfang i soi" l&i ;
in a little soy. till cdk nih-kia" cho lob-kbu;
be came before tbe bell rang.
drop in a very little vinegar. cek sut-kia".
nib cek sut-kia"-ni just the least bit. cek 134 To pound with a pounder,
; ;
ceng
thiii tu-nek a leg of pork.
;
cek tbiii koi a ; 115 6 held vertically,
quarter of a fowl. cek ia°, cek ia°; en- bi to rice. to
ceng ; pound ceng cbie°;
campments at short distances from each other, pound up a wall, ceng tho ;
to pound up clay,
extending over a considerable space. cek
ceng choi to pound rice flour.
; ceng th&ng-
tui cek tui in companies, stationed a little
; in-bue ;
make putty.
to ceng ieh-i"; make
distance apai't. u cek k&i ciu 6i cp tit if I ;
pills, ceng ci co kiie make dough for cakes, ;
bad one only, I could get along. u ke cek lu lai ceng, ua lai thai you pound and I will ;
kai ciu ho if there were one more it would be
; sift. i7i-b(5 ceng tieb i kai chiu do not pound ;
cek jit ta" ue bo biab talked the

enough. ; her band. ceng kau cbui-cbiii pound it up ;
wbole day without stopping. cek me" bo ut ; into small fragments. ceng kau bu-bu pul- ;
did not sleep any all night, ciii pbun cek koi"; verize it finely.
the water spattered all around. cek ni bo
Boi ;
did not wash it during an entire year, •jSe ceng 64 To batter to knock about ; ;
c^k m^° to phueb ue talked through tbe entire

; j'tf' 784 IT to run against,
night. cek si nang; all his lifetime. min ceng mng ceng bo batter down doors. ceng ;
teng cek tab o-o a black spot on bis face,

; lia", tng tib smash tbe dishes, ceng puab lob
;
cek kai cbau-cang a rick of straw. ;

kbun khu ; knocked down by being run against.
ceng ka-lauhcek kai klii; had a tooth knocked ceng kle" siu sia°; more is to be gained by
at
out. ceng kau lufik lia" ceng knocked hira ; going forth to conquer than by staying
BO as to cause his eye to swell up. tho ceng ;
home to defend.
knock things to pieces, as in anger, ceng kau
i boi kia" mauled him so he could not walk.
; ceng 73 To duplicate, said of genera-
th6i° keng sie leng, thoi" teng sie ceng ;
962 8 tions only.
pushing to see a tine view, or mauling each ceng-c6 great grandfather.

; ceng-sun ; great
other at a puppet show. grandson. ceng-c6-nia great grandparents, ;
ceng-sun-hu; great grandson's wife. ci
ceng To strike with a horizontal

64 khau phun si cng i ceng-c6 this grave is ;
^ ^ 30
8 sti'oke. the one in which his great grandfather is
liah h'o tiii i kai sim-kua° li-li ceng; seized buried.
him, and struck him repeatedly in the chest,
ceng tieh i kai hiap-e ; struck him in the side, [*-| ceng 154 Clean, chaste, pure.
ceng tieh ka-ciah, ceng bo hi ; it is of no use to
him on
M^ 7S ~2~
ceng kiet; undefiled. ceng-
hit his back. cia"; upright. ceng-liet chaste, even unto ;
death. siu ceng a betrothed girl whose;
ceng 102 ceng-se"; cattle ;

domestic affianced died before the nuptials, and who
98 6 animals, refuses to marry, ceng nng a virgin.
; ceng
chi u jieh coi ceng-se" domestic ? How many cak ;
a widow who will not marry again,
animals do you keep ? ceng-se° k&i much sek tong-ceng ; honest ; trustworthy. ^"g-
cai ; dumb creatures are very knowing. au ceng ci ; seeds of the wax tree, used in
ceng-se" You nasty brute
! ! medicine.
^.^^ ceng 119 The germinating

principle; -lij^ ceng 32 To add ;
to increase.
'|f5 99^ ~8^ essence; before another
t,he "î-t 951 12 ceng ke; augment, ceng ke
adjective it sometimes makes that adjective jieh coi ? How
much is to be added ? ai° ceng-
intensive. thi°; will increase the amount. ceng ke-ci";
ceng-khi ; quintessence ; animal vigor,
the raise the price. ceng ke n^ng increase of ;
u ceng-sin vigorous sprightly.

; ceng-leng;
; population, ceng co increase the rent, ceng ;
spirited. ceng-sin cok cai full of vitality, ;

kiam increase and diminish.
; kia-ceng to ;
bo ceng-sin no vitality. ; ceng-sin khun- add to.
toa"; a low state of the nervous system weak ;
vitality. se" lai ceng-sin cai naturally very ;

ceng 9^
A Buddhist priest.
vigorous. sang m&k hob ceng-sin eyes ; 725 12 ceng tjiu ; priests and their
bright and indicative of health. sin-khi bo teachings, liu-ceng; a wandering bonze, la-
h§ng, ceng-hueh u heng vitality is invisible, ; ma ceng; a lama or Mongol priest. iSu ceng;
but the vascular system may be seen. ceng- an old priest. ci kai am ii cek peh ceng ;
kha skilled.
; ceng pia°; picked men. ceng this monastery has a hundred monks. ceng
Boi very small.
; ceng cho very ugly. ceng ; kang si; an official who governs his fellow
bio; very subtle. ceng-chiie ; the raari'ow. priests.
ceng-khi cliong cok abundant animal vigor. ;
p6-iah ceng-kh\ recuperate the animal vigor,

; ceng 9 A scout ;
one sent to re-
ceng-khi poh weak vitality, ;
sim si se" ceng- 77 9 connoitre.
hueh ; excellent for strengthening the system. ceiig-tham ceng-tham act as
;
a scout. tng ;
p6 ceng, meng mak; strengthening the nervous scout. phai ceng-tham khu che despatch ;
system improves the sight. a scout to reconnoitre, ci kai ceng-tham mia°-

ke tham su; this scout is
expert in discovering
ceng 60 To reduce to submission, or things.
74> 5 to chastise refractory states,
chut ceng; go out to war against rebels, ceng ceng 109 The eyes the eye ball the ; ;
tu to exterminate the rebels.

; ceng hwt; to B^
H 993 "8~ iris,
subdue and punish. lam ceng, pak thau the ; tie leng m tfam ceng to draw a dragon and ;
south subjugated and the north brought under leave out the eyes; to leave work without
authority. ceng-pi fû-ia ; a clerk of the taxes finishing it
up. thoi" kau mak m cwn
in a district magistrate's yamun. chut ceng ceng ; gazing with motionless eye balls ;
star-
pia"; veteran troops ; tried warriors. chut ing fixedly.
38 DICTIONARY OF THt; SWATOW DIALECT.
ll cek ceng? Which

86 To decant by steaming;
the exotic. ai"
variety do
yf^ ceng
you warit ?
c&pceng; illegitimate, cap ceng
'jnit^ winter sacrifice,
74> 6
kau ceng kaa sai nine stearaingg and nine kia"; !i bastai'd. cf-kp bp cfa ceng this sort ;
;
does not grow hereabouts. maiig ceng seeds

airings, ceng ngiap; entailed property whose that grow plowly
;
perennial. khiie ceng

proceeds are applied to ancestral sacrifices.
; ;
annuals.
X Jl^ ceng 61 Restless; afraid. 66 To put
in. 74 5
ceng-chong; agitated. kfti y0C teng in order; to repair.
I
TF*^ 75 12 chi-chi ceng-ceng; put in
ceng-cliong kCii pB"; is very nervous. ceng- tine order, siu-sip kau chi-ceng cfti; arranged
chong kai nang to b6 ta"; nervous people are ili chi m
very perfectly. ceng all out of
;
generally cowardly.
repair.
lia ceng 118 Felicitous.
73 ceng 104 Disease; tho causes and the
y>\ 9
ceng-siang; auspicious; lucky.
76 5 of disease.
cli6iig ceng 86i keng take an auspicious time
;
symptoms
for cleaning the temples. pe''-ceng ; diseases. ceng-hftu a malady,
;
mug ceng; to ascertain the symptoms; to
j^jf}i ceng 118 A sort of virginal or harp- diagnose a case. th6i° ceng; consider
•• *
29 ~8^ siehord, having twelve brass the causes of the ailment. jIn ceng ai" tia",
-j-i
strings, and played with a plectrum,
roai" jIn t£t°
ceng; in telling the symptoms,
cua" ceng play on the harpsichord.
;
c6k ke° precision is e.ssential, else you may confess to
a harpsichord. a disease you have not got. toa ceng a
ceng ;
;
serious case. gQa oeng, Ifii ceng ; external

ceng To swell ; to tumefy ; a
130 and internal diseases. keng nglam-kue k&i
9107 swelling. ceng; a well understood malady, of k&i ceng,
ceng-tie ; to swell up. c^ng thia"; swollen lia keng nglam-kue coi chu ; I have treated
and painful. phu-ceng ; puffed up. ng-puh many cases of this kind before, ci k&i pe°-ceng
ceng ; dropsical swelling. ceng kai pan ; a iak-Uak cek kai gueh ciu h<5 chwn-jii, lu mhi'
hard small swelling. ciii
ceng; a watery kia"; you need not be apprehensive, this ail-
swelling. che" ceng; a black and blue ment one of which you may be well in about
is
swelling. ng ceng phong ; a hard, permanent a month. sfin ceng, ngdk ceng a disease ;
swelling. Ang ceng ; a red swelling. ceng which follows or varies from the usual course
hap ; an inflamed swelling. ne ceng-ceng ; of the disease; one which does or does not yield
badly swollen. tho ceng; sio ceng; to reduce to treatment. kip ceng acute diseases. kii ;
swelling. hai i khau kau raak ceng ; made ceng chronic diseases.
;
kin ceng a violent ;
him cry so that his eyes are swollen. mak attack. hiam ceng a dangerous attack, ;
ceng kau peli m khui ; his eyes are swollen so ngui ceng; of a virulent type. ceng tSng
that he cannot open them. ceng kau toa-bd- cEi ; the ailment is very severe. ci Ie° ceng
ki swollen to an immense size.
;
ii{o-chu io khin this .sort of ailment is not very severe,
;
bue cin ceng iTi kia° si naug ; people are not cia ceng kin-kip cSi this malady is of a very ;
frightened to death by a rat's tail, even when acute nature. si ceng season complaints, ;
it is swollen to the uttermost. si-leng ceng cholem. un-mut ceng a plague

; ;
oi"
pestilence. i si lau-sai
ceng, lu mai° khut
ceng 86 Embers brandshot coals. i ue tieh he has incipient cholera, do not you
j WH^ ; ; ;
/^^nL 989 14 hiie-ceng ;

coals that
may be catch from him.
it kani tJeh i kai ue khj,
used for starting a fire. hwn-lio chun u hiie- tiu oi khut i kai ceng ue tieh if you absorb ;
ceng me ? Are there any live coals left ? the exhalations from him, you will catch tlif^
disease from him. tham-hiie ceng; con-
"l^m ^^"S ^^^ -^ ^^^^ ^ germ a sort. 5 ; sumption, iig-sua ceng jaundice, ko-ceng ; ;
^32. 107 9 ceng-ci; seeds. ia ceng- dropsy of the bowels. lu tlioi" ei kai ceng
ci; to sow seed. loh ceng-ci; to put in the tx khu seng a hue ? Do you consider that
seed, ho ceng good seed. ; ni-bp ceng; bad this disease has reached its climax ? ceng
seed, thwn ceng; propagate this variety, ho seng ciu ph ui a disease that has reached
;
ceng-cak of good stock.

;
sim-mih ceng-cak ? its climax is difiicult to cure. cia ceng bp
Of what species is it ? lau pang kp cp ceng; ui there is no cure for this disease.
;
cia
save it for seed. tau ceng; vaccine virus, ceng ho ui a m bp ui ? Is this disease cui-able
png ti ceng indigenous.

; gQa kp ceng an ;
or incurable ? thai-kp ceng 6i ue tieh nang
DICTIONAtlY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 89
a boi ? Is leprosy contagious? nfn mai" kin", ci CO tia h(5, a si ai" ceng co cia \\6, a si ai" ceng
CO hun-kiiah hd ? Have you decided that it is
kai pc" ceng boi \ie iiang you need not fear, ;
this disease is not infectious. iTi b(5 kliu best to plant this ground to flax, to sugar-
kbut i kai kbi chong tieh ci ie" ceng si li-bai; : cane, or to potatoes ? ci ko ti, hd ceng u kiii
taa ceng ? How many pecks of seeds should
you should not breath in the exhahitions from
his person and bedding this disease is of a :
be put into this lot ? c6i" n&ng ceng chlu,
khi ceng kuai ceng Su nang cia im the pioneers plant tree.s and
malignant type. ; ; ;
their successors enjoy the shade. ceng cph

rare and strange diseases. pien ceng ; to ;
explain the nature of a disease, pien ceng; to to till the soil, ceng ie"-ta.u to vaccinate. ;
change the nature of a disease. sa"-crip-lak

tieh 66
Politics; government; the
ceng ; the thirty-six varieties of disease. 'ttD^ ceng
ceng diseased.
;
si ceng ; a deadly disease, J*XV 4 departments or measures of
76
a government; laws.
nge ceng ; past all help by medicine. mng
ceng hwt leh attend upon and prescribe for.
; ceng su ; ceng leng governmental
politics. ;
hng iTi tui ceng this prescription is not ap-

;
orders. ceng ka; official admonitions. jiu
ni6h m kah ceng ceng, ngiak ceng mild or harsh government,
plicable to that disease. ; ;
the pulse is not such as accords with the sien c6ng; a righteous government, chit ceng;
of that disease. the sun, moon, and five planets. pt^ng ceng;
symptoms
cipceng; to hold authority, ngi-ceng; a coun-
.ti^L ceng 109 All ;
a concourse. .
selor of state. cham ngi ceng-su a ;
council
^y^ 108 6 ceng nang ; every one. of state, lun ceng; discuss politics, pii-ceng-
ceng ui ;
all of you gentlemen. kong ceng ; si ; pu-ceng-sai ; the commissioner of revenue,
the public in general. tai ceng; the whole hong ceng tS,i hu ; a government officer.
concourse. ceng mak fo si ceng inak cio- ;
cio every eye saw it. tai ceng ke all of you.

; ; ^T* ceng 149 To arrange satisfactorily ;
ceng nang, ceng su mankind and the affairs

of mankind. sim si hah ceng; very agreeable
;
IT 905 2 to settle terms; to adjust; to
to to
equalize; to fix on; to criticise ; compare ;
to all concerned. ci kai nang m hah ceng ; collate ;

to edit.
this person is unpopular. kiia" put tek ceng ; ceng khi, ceng tia"-tieh lio; a set time has been
one is no match for many. ceng hie°-li; all agreed upon. ceng mdng ;
to arrange an
the villages. ceng hia"-ti all the brethren, ; armistice ; to make peace. ci pang cu i"-keng
chut ceng; above the common. nang chai chia" toa mia"-sek kai nang ceng-cia" kiie ;
chut ceng more talented than ordinary people,
; have already invited a celebrated personage to
piin-nia chut ceng; excels others in ability, revise these books.
koi ceng the many in the streets.
; po ceng ;
those ordinarily in the market places. (^^ ceng 30 Denotes time past usually
^
<
ceng ; ;
phb ho all the shops.

; hang ceng those in ;
27 11 ever.
the warehouses. ceng kheh-siang all the ;
bue c§ng has not yet had.
;
ua ih cSng I ;
merchants. ceng cun ciah all the boats, ;

never did. ceng a iTi ceng ? Hcas it ever yet
ceng hang-khau all the warehouses. ;
been ? ho ceng m si? How is it that t/j ere has
never been any ? i m c6ng c\e°-so"; he h as never
149 To testify; to substantiate ; been thus. biie ceng ii has never yet had.
ceng ;
12 76
to prove. ci kai c6ng, ci kî m c6ng this one has, but ;
ceng-ki°; to witness. co kang ceng kai n&ng ; the other one has not. ceng klm a bue ? Has
witnesses, cp ceng-ki"; be a witness. u nang he ever been yet ? c§ng ciah a bue ? Have
ho CO ki^-ceng; theie are those who will testify you ever eaten any before ? ceng lai me ?
to it. ceng-ku proof. u ceng ii ku ; there is
;
Has he come ? ceng co ho a bue ? Is it finished
proof of it. cieh ceng; visible proof circum- ; yet ? i hue
ceng u he has not yet had any.
;
i m
stantial evidence. co ceng use as evidence, ; ceng u kia" she has had no children,
;
i
bue ceng u kia"; she has not yet had any child-
ceng sit ci kia" su ; adequate proof of this.
ren, ceng sie" kiie a m cong ? Have you tested
ceng 115 To plant; to cultivate; to it ? i in
ceng khieh lai he has not brought
^"^T
TM 107 T beget. it. i r7i
ceng khu he has not gone, ;
;
i m ceng
via m ceng thia";

ceng hue, ceng chai, ceng chiu ;
to plant co; he has not made any.
flowers, vegetables, and trees. ceng cui- 1 have not heard. kha ceng cp chin a bue ?
chau ; plant bulrushes. ceng kue-ci ;
plant Has he yet engaged a wife ? ceng ta" kiie ;
fruit trees. ci ko chang phe''-phah ai" ceng I have said so already.

40 DICTIONAliT OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
pieces of work. lu tiam-tlam th&k cu, raki'

-^•^ ceng 108 All; entirely. cf k&i, plmeh hu kai, niak ia mai" th6i"
jSl 989 9 cek sua" ceng si cleh the ;
phueh
mountain was wholly of rock. of k&i tl-hng cf, thoi" hu, sini ia niiii" sie" cf sie" hu : cie" se"
fi this is all raountainong. thak cia" koi pat ; study persistently, and do
ceng sua"; country
not be talking of this and of (hat, nor be look-
hue-ling lai ceng si hue-b^k kiie-cf the garden ;
was filled with flowering slirubs and fruit ing hither and thither, nor be thinking of all
sorts of things if you study thus, you will
cf cua" nslng ceng si ho k&i these peo-
:
trees, ;
ci chph ue ceng si cf cuang readily learu.

ple are all good.
t-u kai this talk is all about this affair. clu
;
cf 89 Seeds
jit ceng si
su ; something is going on all day 1^ offspring. ;
J 1030 ceng-cf; seeds,

kiie-cf; fruit,
long. ceng si lu kfti Qe ; I
lia tliia" tieh
th^n ceng-cf; to propagate seeds. t§ cf ; tea
understood that all that was said was said by
seeds, seng-peh cf ; seeds of the fir tree.
you. thong-sin cgng si m6°; his whole body is
covered with hair. cf k&i tl ceng si sua ;
cf 80
PH Only merely. ;
this soil consists wholly of sand.
sSng-pch, b6 mih chau
sua"
cf k&i
these hills are
^^67 2 cf cek kla"; have only this
ci
ceng si ;
one. cf kwn on ;
the spur of the moment,
all covered with firs, and there is hardly any kwn
lu cf til"; you said it inconsiderately,
grass.
jitn lu c6-ni ta", lia cf si thia" lu ; whatever m
I shall pay no regard to it. cf ki" fi
85 Clear to make clean to you say,
^^S ceng ; ;
c6k k&i nftng ; saw but one pei-son. cf hd
1^^ 994 8" purify. cio^-se" cp ; this alone is the right thing to do.
ceng-ceng ; limpid. khiet-c6ng; pure. ceng ua cf si kio lu cie°-se° ta", peng b6 hie°-se'' ta";
chfa to wash the hands of something, kang
;
I have said but this to you, and have not said
ceng to cleanse.
;
klm kau kang-kang c6ng-
otherwise.
ceng that which defiled is taken completely
;
away. kang c6ng si cfa k&i this is the clean ;

cf 77 To stop; to cease; to detain.
and empty one. 86i ceng wash so that none |Lk
;
_|r^ 56 ci cfi ;
cause to stop, cf iTi ctt ;
of the former uncleanness remains, sau c6ng;
cannot stop it. cf i mai" lai stop him from ;
sweep out clean.

coming. cf hueh ;
staunch blood. cf cle";
alleviate the itching, cf kuah ci &u quench
"jV3E ceng tranquilize ; 175
keep To to ; ;
thirst. ci sia
stop purging. cf kua"; anti-
jt-3 5 994
in order. ;
sudorific, tong cf ; cease motion. ho cf Ifo ;
ua"-ceng; well ordered. ua"-ceng tl-hng ; the rain has cea.sed. cf hiah to stop short. ;
restore peace to the country. t&ng tin-th&i
l&i p5i" cek ua" Su, tl-hng clu fo ua"-ceng
cf au cause retching to cease.
;
cf sa" kai m ;
;
not short of three. ku cf; deportment. b6
after the general-in-chief came and put the
tla" cf no fixed purpose. Q kai tia" cf has a
country in order, it was more settled and
; ;
definite object.
peaceful. pheng-ceng kfii li-hng; a tranquil
region.
>(« ci-cu
— —
167
ci
Petty ; trifling.
n
i kiii
1031
cf
How
kai cf-mue
88
^
has he?
An
?
ce,
elder sister
which see).
many sisters
; (the same as
-Q lo30 ci-cu nioh-sioh; petty

8 cf no kaichin cf-mue, hu no kai si thang cf-
si
stinginess ; very small in his dealings. raue ; these two are sisters, those tvô are
cousins of the same surname.
>^^ cf ;
162
here the nearest. This ;
jXJSt 39 kai this one. 7cf ciah cun;cf ; -l-tL foundation to found.
cf 82 A ;
this boat. cf cang chlu this tree. cf png ;

<dL 66a basis.T co-cf mdng
ki-ci ;
cu-cheh ; this book, cf kia" mueh this thing, ; kai ti-hng founded that place.
;
m cai i kai
cf kha thang this bucket. <-'i-kp
; here, 5 cii cf do not know his dwelling place. kfi
;
pang to cf-kp here, pang to cf lai ; put

; put it ki-cf old foundations ruins.
;
cxe ku ki-cf ;
it in here. on this side, khieh chut

cf pi"; khf build on the old foundations.
;
cf gua; bring it out here. ci toi ; inside here,

cf cuang su this affair. cf cek si ; just now.
;
j^^ cf 64 To point out, as in illustration.
cf cun ; this instant. cf kai si-hau ; at this 4^ 57 cf-tfam ^ ;
to point out. cf-sl ;
time. cf kai, hti kai, lii raki" khu kvvn i ; to show by reference. cf-hui ; to signalize,
whatever he does, have nothing to do with lio ju cf cfe" ;
as plain as your hand. cf tang,
him. CO cf k&i, cp hii k&i doing sundry ; kheksai;to point one way and go another.
ci tang (ieli highest, ci khuah most spacious. tang c\ ;

to teach by illustration.
;
CI kk; he ci ; the summer
at a the winter solstice.
appearance of one gesturing
di.s-
sai tlie
tang-ci iSu ftng ciu ; the red wine of
;
swear by heaven.
ci solstice,
tance. li tin" hwt-sl ;
betroth children before their birth. winter.

pak ui lain;
154 To offer presents cereraoni-
1^ ci 72 Will ; purpose; intention.
^^ 61
ci
11 ously.
1^ 57 ~2 hong ci; receive orders, chia" ci-ki"; to visit,with a present, ci loi a polite
ci ask for orders. ci the sacred will, sW ;
ci-keng; present as a token of

;
;
to ci orders received, presentation.

the imperial decrees. ;
ci ngi offer the customary fee on
tablets on which imperial ordeis respect. ;
sia" ci pai ;
ci-x purpose, cu ci the mean- entering school.

are written. ;
;
of a book. cie" ci the scope of the an

ing ;
jStS^ fi 113 To bring an oblation ;
cak ci the sense of the verse.

chapter, ;
Jif^ 965 6 offering ;
sacrificial,
ci su ;
to offer sacrifices. ci-bun ;
a written
-Î2i repair to.
ci 149 To ci-tek an
prayer, burned after it is offered. ;
ft^ 284 ~6~ i ka-kl chin ci bio teng kia" elegy hung up befoi'e the tablet during
the first
hie"; he repaired in person to the temple
to
seven weeks of mourning. pai ci to arrange ;
offer sacrifice. i kai

pin-ci ho; his proficiency offerings. pai lo ci lay out offerings along ;
is commendable. the way. ci-si an overseer of sacrifices.;

ci
sin make offerings to the gods. ci c6 make ;
Jft^ ci 120 A nankeen or purple color.

;
offerings to the manes of ancestors, ci pin ;
>|^ 1031 ~5^ ci-sek ; brown. ang-ci ;

things offered. chun chiu ji ci the spring ;
purple. ci-kim sia"; the Forbidden City. and autumn oblations. ci thi" ti worship ;
heaven and earth, ci sia cek ; worship the

IPI ci BO A short foot in length.
gods of land and grain, khi ci ; offerings to a
57 6 ci chieh cu tl but a step. ci ;
deceased parent. tio ci made to a
; offerings
chieh cu kang work close at hand. siang li
;
deceased friend.
put kue ci chieh but a very little space be- ;
tween them. "^^ limit; to govern; a rule,

^ll ^^ ^?
rpy 69 a practice mourning usages,
Q ;
T^rt ci 75 Vertical supports or bars. ci-cak ;

limitations. u cak-ci under regula- ;
^^C 506 '8 lang-kang ci; the vertical rails tions, huap-ci; rules. ci-to to restrict, ci ;
in a balustrade. theng ci; vertical bars in a cu an Imperial order,

;
ci-thfi-i the governor- ;
window. general ; Your Excellency. ak-ci i restiain ;
him. ak-ci i ni cii cannot curb it. siu ci ; ;
ci 204 To adorn with braid ;

to cun ci seng hok; in mourning. ngiam ci, chu
HI 68 1)' embroider. for a father or for a mother,
ci ; mourning
cam ci
embroideiy.;
cek chiu ho cam ci; to intimidate.
hiap-ci ;
fine needlework done by one hand. mia"-ke

cam ci skilled in embroidery.
;
chwn kbau *}i^K
ci 86 To succor; to bring about; to
cam-ci to jit depends solely on fine needle-
; iJ^ 964 M
further to complete, ;
work for her living. si ci; bestow alms, kiu-ci to succor, ;

cin-ci ;
to rescue, m
inadequate for the purpose.
ci su;
c\ 133 Even till; upon; to reach cia°ci f-u adequate for the purpose.
;
ci kip ;
GO to to extend tlie sol.stices in an ci kia" f-u ci a i7i ci ? Is

; ; ;
help cmeigency.
the greatest degree. the business compassed ? oi tit ci ciu ho if it ;
cfi ko cikim from ancient times till now.

; si- can be brought about it will be well.
c\ ;
all around. si-ci hur-meng clear ;
all
around. chu on this account.
ci bo so put ;
•"I ^ ci 61 Determination ;
will ;
what the
ci no place where he does not go omni-
; ; ^^^ 61 3 mind desires,
pre.'jent. ci kau ci-kp extends to this point, ;
ci-khi ngan-ngan ;
a fixed purpose. ci-liam ;
ci kau tl-kp ? Where does it reach to ? a resolve. ci inclination ; object,
hiang
put ;
ci kau cie"-se°; it does not extend to such as i kai sim-ci nge cS,i ; his heart is fixed on it.
that. ci kek the utmost limit. ci chiet-io
; ;
sim-ci nng t&i ;
his refolves are weak. tit ci ;
of the utmost importance, ci seng-sit wholly ;

attain one's object. tit ci co kua"; attained
sincere. ci ho the
very best. ci m ho the ; ;
the desired official position. hue tit ci un- ;
very worst, ci toa; the largest, ci kui"; the attained desires. put tit ci unattainable ;
desires,
in his purpose.
couraged,
lang-lang tit ci ; evidently succeeded
ci-khi boi lui; don't be dis-
bd ci k&i naiig an irresolute ;
^
tlioi ;
ci"
55
the body.
130
4
The
si ci";
limbs.
the four limbs. ci"-
person. Up ci ;
fix the resolve. u ci keng
sSng determination overcomes. Q t&i ci ;
y^ ci" 65 A branch or tribe ;
to advance
;
has high purposes. toa ci-khi kai nftng one ;

>^^ 64 money.
with liigh re.solves. lu kang-kli(5 tieh ju- ll-ci"; the twelve branches. ci" cng ; to
pay
out. ci° to give out tho
k^Mg klang-khi c\ ;
if in ditliculty, you must bo kang-nguii ;
wages.
the more determined. ci"-phai a tribe or clan. ci' ci" lai
;
eng ;
advances tlie money to be S|)ent. hue" ci" ;

v\ To compound, as medicines.
145 a collateral branch of the same ci"
\\J family.
59 cieh ; to advance tho outlay,
huapci; rules for compound-
8 ci" sio disburse- ;
ments. Iftm ci"; wastefiilly

ing. Ji(5
c\-huap; a good recipe. tleh ci ktiu expend. ci" 11,
hiie ; must compound it nine times over. c\ irrelevant; evasive. ci" cu; a child of. ci"-
ieh tieh ci tieh hd in compounding medicines
;
thi ;
to make a protege of.
tAng sbi ci"-thi
care must be taken to do it accurately. c\- kau toa; brought him up from pI
infancy. i
cSu the manufacture of medicines.

; pft ci ;
t<5 ci"-th! ; it is she who pays his expenses, bd
decoct by boiling. liii-kong pu-c) ;
concocted nang ci"-thi ;
no one looks after him.
by the god of medicine.
ci" J54 To take in both hands and
l"^£
j|
ci 18 A
a prescription.
do.se ; ^^l 964 8 offer respectfully ; to send, as
ilj 961 14 c6k c\ ieh a course of medi- ;
ft
dispatch; to give, as a present. ci"-sang bun-
cine. 1)5 c\ ieh the medicine faken in two cu khu tSu-thai ko tAu ; handed in a
;
dispatch
doses. cf h6k loh toa ci ; this presciiption is to be delivered to the Intendant of Circuit.
for a large dose of medicine, thio-ci; to arbit-
rate between. '^^^ ci" 42 Wedge-like; tapering.
..^V 977 8 kha-ci"; the toe. i
Bug kba-
IV^V c\ 170 A limit a line of juncture. ;
ci" khu nek i ;
he gave it a shove with his toe.
|/I> 965 11 chu ci this occasion. <ek ;
khut i kdi kha-ci" thak khu kkn cQ si khu ; on
mo" b6 ci ; a boundless view. bd hSng, b6 i;i ; being kicked by him, it died.
unbounded.
"^ ci 149 A record.

Hrt
/Ir 6
"'
55
ci°-ko ;
—
unctnoas
Unctuous.
matter.
61 7 mo°-ci an epitaph,
|l4i^ ;
phun- peh-se" hiie kai ci"-ko; the fat of the people,
pi" ko mo ci-meng
11 there was an eulogy on
;
(their money). minkpminci"; the fat of
the tombstone the land. cieh ci" unctuous earths, used in
;
m
itand see how it
ci
761
185
4
To
tastes.
lick with the tongue.
ci thoi" sim-raih bi-.«6 ; lick
Iftii
gu ci tok ;
the
ointments.
ci"
60
115
8
Immature young. ;
ci" cu a young child. iu°-

old cow licks tho
;
calf; the old love cliildren. ci"; young and small. hwn-h'o I'o ci"; is still
ngio-b(5 ci ngio-kia°; the cat licks the kitten. rather immature. ci"-kp, ci"-k<5 ; juvenile.
p
Lm/ 838
ci
branches,
49 The sixth of the twelve ap-ap-ci°; fresh and fair. thoi" tieh hvvn-lio
ap-ap-cf°; I see that you still look blooming:,
mueh khah
ci si from 9 to 11 o'clock A. M. cf"; things that are unripe. ci"-
; si it-ci ni i
lun plump. ci"-ci" ne ; very youthful. ci"
se° kai he was born in the year which is
;
;
hieh ; young and tender leaves. cf-cii kai

second in the cycle of ten, and flixth in the
sim 3'outhful in heart.
cycle of twelve.
;
— ci" — fi" 118 An arrow an archer.

82
/t^Y ;
ci" Felt; rough and nappy fabrics. ÎJ 978 9 sia ci"; to shoot arrows,
43 5 ci" bo ; a felt hat. ci" tio a keng ci"; bows and arrows.
;
keng-ci" kvvn si
rug. ci° t(5i; felt soles.
ci''-thang; drugget, to ka keng-ci" kai ti-hng; a shooting gallery
tho ci"; shoddy ;
felt made from cotton. iu is aplace where arcliery is taught. lu si
ci°; oiled felt, mo" ci"; plush, sai ci"; foreign ciah pai-tp, a si ciah keng-ci" ? Do you get
carpeting. ju cq cam ci"; like sitting on your living as a swordsman or as a bowman ?
needles. pho ci" kak chai carpeted and ; hiie ci"; a rocket. tie" nau"-ci" sia ho"; sent
curtained, ie" ci"; foreign blanketing. an arrow from his crossbow and hit the tiger.
DICTIONARY OF THE SWAl'OW DIALECT. 43
ci" feia tieb ? Did tlie arrow bit

tieh a sia in ciii; make allowance for surplus weight in tbo
tbe mark
or did it not ? cbi'u ci"; an coin. ii ci" sai tit kiii oi bo ;
who has money
arrow sbot fi'oni tbe band, witbout a bow. may employ devils to turn bis mill, tak
pang ne c\"; sboot at a venture. bfaiig ci"; a jieb coi ci" ? What is its value in money ? ci"
wliizzing arrow. be ci"; mounted bowmen, kbp thong sin ; money will move the gods,
po unmounted bowmen.
ci";
lio ci°; a good kiii ci" tang? How many mace does it weigh?
sbot. siang li put kue cek ci" (U (I not more ; cek ci" jieb coi ci" ? How many cash are there
tban a bowsbot apart. kuang-im su ci"; time in one mace ? <i"-ce s6i-kii ;
tbe debt is but a
flies like an arrow. a secret arrow, am ci"; trifling one. khiam ci"; to owe money. bai"
ci" tab tie" keng bi"; tbe arrow is biid upon tbe ci"; to pay money. thp ci"; to dun for money,
bowstring ready to be sliot. tit kiie ci", nge siu ci"; to collect money. lai ci"; interest on
kiie tbib; straigbter than an arrow, and liarder money loaned. bp ci"; capital. thang ci";
tban iron. cbab bi" ci°; pierce tbe ear witb earns money. thang toa ci" kai nang one ;
an arrow as a punisbment. leng ci"; a landom well worth his wages. in sieb si'e ci"; not
i kai
sbot. ci" kua°, ci" nek, ci" mo"; tlie sbaft, sparing of money. ci"-cheng juu cJli it ;
tbe point, and tlie featber of an arrow. i kai is very difficult to get any money from bim.
ci"-nek cu tak ieb kai, sla tieb bneb lau cl'u si ;
ciah nang kai ci" coi cSi; made away with a
if a poisoned arrow draws blood deatb follows. great amount of money belonging to other
people, se" ci" pjing sio; to shave notes, ciah
Tm^ ci" 64 To crowd ;
to jostle; to press
kong ci" use up the public funds.
;
khieli co
4/^ 964 14 closely upon, kong ci" put it into the common purse, chun
;
ioiig ci";pusb and crowd. oi-oi ci"-ci°; to u jieb coi ci" ? How much money is there
jostle and pusb. ci" m tin-tang; cannot make cu
remaining? toi ci"; contributes money.
it
budge. sie ci" sie koili to crowd eacb ;
ci"; coins money, .sai cu m-hp ci"; makes coun-
olber. ci" to i
sin-pi"; pressed close to bis terfeit money, ko ci"; ancient coins, kim ci";
ci" kbab bua; do not crowd up
mai"
person. modern coins. ci"; put down a sum of
Ipb
too close. tbeng ci"; crowd carelessly. cbe"
money. pbai pay money according to
ci";
ci" jip kliii crowded forcibly in.
;
ci" boi tit assessment. puab ci"; to ci"; to gamble. ia"
jip cannot crowd in.
; ci" boi tit chut lai ;
ci"; win money. su ci"; to lose money. png
cannot press my way out. i kiiut
nang ci" ci"; one's own money, ci" pliie ci" cha paper ; ;
si khu lua be was killed by pressure in the

;
money or bank notes. ci" cng a bank. ci" ;
crowd. jwn ci", ci" m kbui; however mucb pho a broker's oSice.
;
ci" chin kbui hue his ;
you crowd you cannot crowd through. ci"

geese lay golden eggs. khug u sai-khia ci";
kau cek sin kua"; crowded till tbe perspiration he bas private funds. ci"-kng-8ob a cash- ;
started out all over bim. sa" kliut nang ci"

string. ci"-kng-spli min looks greedily ;
lib khu; his jacket was torn in the crowd. toward money. tbam-ci"; covetous. ngien-
ci"; parsimonious. bau" ci"; avaricious. ai"
ci" 130 Healtby granulations on a ci"; eager for gain. lii ci"; a bribe. loi ci";
641 5 sore, fees. sai
eng ci"; secret spendinga. ua" cp
bu cbng-kbau ko nek-ci" cbut lai
pi" tbo ;
new ci"; exchange it for cash.
flesh bas formed at tbe edge of tbe sore.
— cia —
^^^ —
"p^^ ci° 140 cl"-chang ; an edible *lft*
162 To screen to shade to cover.
cia ; ;
_J=^ J— 710 7 tuber, the water chest- Jly*^ 38 11 cia jit, cia buang, cia bo; to
nut, called also the "horse's hoof." screen from tbe sun, tbe wind, and the rain,
ho-cia an umbrella.
;
cia thau p6 a scarf ;
ci" 167 Tbe tenth part of a tael ;

used for covering the head. cia min p6 a ;
982 8 copper money cash, tbe only

; veil for the face. cia min to shade the face, ;
coin which the Chinese now make. cia raak shade tbe eyes.
;
cia sin screen tbe ;
ci"-ngun money, ; tang ci"; copper coins, i u person. cia rai°-mi"; screen closely. cia-p6-
ci"; he is a monied man. ci'e" ci" no"; a miser,
pbang an awning.
; gua min cia cek teng
tau ci"; to exchange coins, cap bai ci"; chu ci"; cua put a layer of paper on the outer sur-
;
tbe current rate of exchange, ten per cent of face, as a shield. cia iu-p6 kai ui bo what m ;
poor cash, toa ci"; good cash. ci" ki'a"; worn ia covered witb oiled cloth will not be injured
cash, au
ci"; bad cash. ang ci"; copper cash, by the rain. kbieh kai kue-loib lai cia take ;
ciia ci";
paper cash. ci" ciia paper spirit ;
a splint bat and screen it. khia ki si" khu
money. ci" nie revenue in cash. ;tbiap ci" cia jit ; hold up a fan as a son shade.
44 DICTIONARY OF THK SWATOW DIALKCT.
the juice has been expressed. cia poi"; the

cfa 88 A wife.
husband and wife. rind of the canes. cia liieh cane leaves, cia
966 ang-cia 5 ;
;
lau ang-oia an old couple. thau; the stubble of cut cane. cia hue ; the
; {"-keng cp jteh !
coi 111 ang-cia ; have been married for many tops of the cane stalks. cia-cak the joints ;
of the cane. cia mak; the points of union

years. j
between the joints of cane. cia hfig cane ;
A brake, cia Ho sugar mills, cia thau ku; edi-

>^^ ci'a 162 contraction of cf-kui, this ;
It adds erapha- ble grubs found at the roots of cane, cia khak;
3Lf^ 39 7 one, these.
RiH, and is sometimes used as an exclamation,
cane husks. cia ceng slips of cane prepared ;
for planting. kliia cek pe cia; carrying a

intensifying (he meaning of what follows,
ci'a ku, lia b6i I cannot do this sort of thing, bundle of sugar cane, cf pe tk Q jieh coi ki ?
;
cfa si li(5 kai these are good ones.

;
c<a How many canes in this bundle ? cia moh ;
khak s6i this is much too small.

;
c<a lia the tilm under the rind of canes.
i7i (Sng ;
I liave never done this. cfa ua
ciu h.i°; tliese are just what 1 want. cia li si lu jMT cia 86 To compound medicines by
citi" fti"; this is just as you de.sired. da, k&i, ^^'V 69 4 fiiraraering them,
such as this and such as that. mai° c'la-chau prepared liquorice. cia-chau si
hi'a k&i ;
;
kam-clijiu eng bit khu cia kfti

prepared
ta° cia hia say nothing about it either way.
;
;
liquorice ismade by simmering liquorice sticks

Bie" ci'a, 8le" hi'a thinking of this and of that,
;
in honey. G k&i ki* clia, Q kai ai" cia; some
cfa si lia, pftt nflng cIu cp iTi tit; it will do
are to he prepared by dry heat, and some by
with me, but it would not be allowable to
do so with other people. ci'a kI lu, simmering, cia kang ; simmer down dry.
pfit nftng
lia cIu m hau°; it will do for you to do so,
cia 140 To make a means of; to lean
but if it were any other person who did so I
>^ 973 14 on for aid.
should be dispicMsed. cfa si li'i; very well,
since it is you. cfa f^X lia since it is me, very
fl
thang hp khut n&ng cia cia° hd if there is ;
anything for us to depend upon it is well, da

;
well. cfa cfa cfa cfa ci'a How very much out !
sin pf-Iu rely on the protection of the gods,

;
of the way this behaviour was !
cia twn se" su to make trouble about nothing,
;
cfa 126 This indicates that what pre- iiuiig ngun cia-cia jabbering and talking,
;
cia
cf kai wn-kii thp-si i ; take advantage of this
38 4 cedes it is the subject of a
state of affairs and get rid of him. b6 hd cia
proposition ; it is also used to arrest attention,
chfu ; nothing to lean upon. cia su bii-hai
gan cfa the wise.
;
; nga cfa the stupid. tl ;
take occasion to injure. cia si khi-hu nang
pe" cia the sick.
;
jin-ai cfa the benevolent,
cia hwn
; ;
se" ci'a; the living. si cfa; the dead.

make power a means of oppression.
kiie
khu cfa; the departed. hue lAi cfa; that nang si avail one's self of the influence of
;
foreigners. cia gd-mng si rely on official

wliich has not yet arrived. th6i'' cfa the ;
;
observers, thia" cfa the hearers. i7i

strength.
pat cia,
;
mai° i°-ui cp pat those who do not know,

should not pretend that they know, ta-po cfa,
;
cia 118 A register ; the place for
'^ 985 14 registration, one's original
cu-nie cfa, long-cong hua°-hf ; the men and the
women were all pleased. toa cia, soi cia, l&i
family seat or village.
cu cia a register.
;
cia kwn ; a census. hfio
thia"; grown people and children came to hear. cia return to one's native village.
;
png cia ;
tng kek cfa mi", ph8,ng kwn ci'a tla"; the dullest
are those that play the game, the mo.st ertain <
ngwn cia the original family seat.
; jip da;
enter upon the records. niin cia; returns of
what would win are the lookers on. hok-cfa; the population. c6 cia si to ti-kp ? Where is
perchance. khi cfa ;
I who commence this
his ancestral home ? to cia fang pe°; in his
letter.
own village recruiting his health. to cia
140
kai kua"; a retired mandarin. m5u° da; a
cia Sugar cane.
39 ; sweet cane.
kam pretended residence.
Âl\
cia the bamboo
11 tek
lah cia ; dark reddish
cane.
cia
— Cia — n
^
;
sugar cane. suh cia ; eat sugar cane. khoi cia° 72 Crystal or quartz.
cia ; gnaw .sugar cane, ka cia to squeeze out
the juice of oane between stone rollers, cia ka;
; h3 993 8 cui-cia°; crystal.
on a lathe.
chia ciii-
cia°; to polish crystal peh cia';

stone mills for pressing cane. cia cap the ; qaartz crystal. o cia°; smoky quartz. tfc
juice of the cane, cia phph ; cane from which cia"; cairngorm stone. lam cia"; beryl. mp'
cia"; moss-agales. a
ni6''-ciH° plii"-hun liu ;
cia" lo the correct way.
;
kua" cia°, min b6
siiulT-botlle of ngate. o cia" inak-kia"; colored 6U the magistrates are upright and the people
;
spectacles. ciii-cia" in a ci'ystal seal.

;
have no broils. cia°-keng n3,ng a moral ;
man. in cia"-keng disregardful of law. ;

co
Tr^ cia" 77 The beginning of the year. cia" tong exactly in the
cia"-cia"; sit erect, ;
irt 75 1 cia" gueh tTie first month ;
centre. cia" a iTi cia" ne ? Is it correctly
of the year, me" ni cia" giieh the first month
placed or not ? liah cia"-cia"; hold it straight,
;
of next year. sin cia"; the first of the new-

cia" hah si just in good time. lia cia" lai I
year, pai cia"; make New Year's calls. cia" ;
m me" lu
;
just came. xia cia" ;

I did not scold
gueh thau the first part of the first month.
;
you. i cie"-se" cia" hd ; it is
just right
so. lu cio"-se" CO cia" tieh ; in so doing you
cia" 130 I ean having no fat.
;
993 cia" nek lean meat. nek did just right, cia" tiig ; the main hall, cia"
B-H-
1^ '8 ;
meat is very lean.

ciH"-cia"; the ai" cia" a ai" thia"; the middle room. cia" -in kua"; the
officer who has the seal, and really holds the
peh ? Do you want fat or lean ? piia" cia"
cia" loh; the main building. liah
peh a streak of fat and a streak
: of lean, cia" post.
k&i ka" ciah, peli kai i7i ka" iah can eat the <
khu cia" huap; seize him and execute the law
;
u nang hau" ciah cia", upon him. cia" ciiang; principal and
lean, but not the fat.
u nang hau" ciah peh some people like lean, secondary, cia" jJn kun-cu honest people are ;
;
and some like fat. modest. cia" ka correct teachings. ;

lia cia"
ai" cai rang i to khu me I just wished to in- ;
^:i* cia" 119 An apparition ;

a wraith ;
a quire again whether he had gone. ji <ieh
'Tl*] 992 ~8~ form taken by spirits, sia cia"-cia"; you must write the characters
io-cia"; elves. cia" kuai a queer being. ku
;
correctly. cia"-cia" si cie"-se"; it is exactly so.
nl ciu seng cia"; after many years becomes an leng cia" tl-kp hue? Where is your wife from?
elf.
vampire that prolongs
ho-lai cia"; a sort of soi" cia"; worthies of the olden time. kia"
its own
by drawing away the life of people,
life cia" mng, bp kia" phien mng uses the front, ;
ho-lai cia" 6i mi" nang the vampire fairy ; not the side door. cia" chi ; the chief wife,
bewitches people. khut ho-lai cia" mi" khu ;
lip CO cia"-keng; made her Queen.
led away by a vampire fairy. ku-cia"; a
tortoise that has been made a wraith through fcl^ cia" 62 Perfect complete entire to
; ; ;
age. io-cia" kiii-kviai all sorts of elves and ; /i)\i 77 "2 accomplish to finish to be-
; ;
sia kai kie-cp io-cia", cia" kai kie-co come. CO su tieh cp kau cia"; when you
ghosts.
sin-sien; the bad are called elves, and the good undertake a job you must complete it. cia"
are called fairies. ciu ; brought to pass. chin i"-keng cp cia"
lio the nuptials have already taken place,
;
^>^ ci'a" 85 Fresh, not salt.

hin-hin cia°-cia"; perfectly successful, hin-cia"
l^lC 853 8 khah cia", iieh loh kiam ce ;
kai f-u to m
cp he never succeeds in anything,
;
it is too fresh, it must be made salter. cia"

cia" mia"; to make a name for one's self,
cui fresh water.
;
ciah tieh peh-cia", bo bi ; cia" nang hue kai ue that verifies what people ;
it tastes as if it had not been salted at all, and said about it. ue ta" lai m cia" ku-<au there ;
is insipid. khah cfa" koi ui, khah kiam oh is no sense in what was said the language ;
ui if too fresh it is easily remedied, if too salt tau i kai

;
spoken was in unfinished sentences,
it ishard to amend. pua" kiam cia"; neither hie'"-li kai cia" nang; inform the people of
standing in his village, m cia"

too salt nor too fresh ;
salted just enough. le" ; imperfect;
66 To not stylish. cia" sim-mih ie" ? How perfect is
^^^^ cia" repair; to put in order.
very well formed, ra
it ? se" lai cia" ie" cai; it is
^^. 75 12 cia"-li to put in order,
;
siu
cia" khi; incapable. Iang-t5u phien lu m cia"?
amend.
cia"; to ham nang lai cia"-li ho; call
Do I wish to cheat you ? cp cia" jit cp bue ho ;
some one to put coi-cia"; to ad-
it in repair.
cia"-cia" c6i-c6i ; all in
worked at it the whole day and have not yet;
just. c6i-c6i cia°-cia";
finished it. cia" cuang kio i boi ; buy the
due order. cia" tun; to set to rights. c6i m cia" phit the whole
whole lot from him. ;
ui cia"; all out of order.
piece. cia" chi" ;
about a thousand. cia" cap
TT^ cia" 77 Correct kai ngun about ten dollars, cia" ke cia" tku ;
straight exact; up- ; ;
Jh
;
75 1 the first, the to have a home and family. hwn-lio bue cia"
right ; legal ;
principal.
ke has not yet become the head of a family,
;
si-cia"; squarely ;
not awry. kong cia"; cia" mo" cia" ie" ;
formed according to the
rectitude. cia" tau orthodox doctrines. ; pattern ; well formed and perfect.
46 DICTIONAEY OP THB SWATOW DIALECT.
your jacket spotted like that ? ho" kha-ciah

chin-cia"; relatives, not of the
;
cla" 62
the tracks of a tiger, sin kai su ciah; evidences
987 Y same surnarae. chin-cia",
of supernatural power ; miracles. chut
kio chin-n^ng, tl-tlang chin ? Which are most
khi kph ie° kai ku ciah marvellously strange
nearly related to us, our kith or our kin ?
;
effects. tab i kai kha-ciah; tread in his foot-

cia" 61 Human prints, tue i kai kha-ciah; follow in his steps.
nAng-cIa";
feelings.
996 8 kindliness ; a dis- b6 cong bd ciah no clue to it. b6 ciah li<5
humanity ;
;
i k&i chQe; nothing whereby to trace it. chun u

position to oblige or help others. iiaiig-
cla" hd cai ; he is very obliging. thph i khu cek io° k6 ciah; an old landmark remains,
khi i kai nang-cla"; commit to her the exciting mua-khf-ca \h\ thit-thd hu kui kai ko-ciah ;
of his compassion. sla n&ng-cla"; express come to-morrow to play by those old ruins,
chun kai kQ ciah a vestige remains. khiit
gratitude for kindness.
;
h5 laa-tih lio se" ciah worn by the dropping

— ciah — of the rain.
;
naug kia" u klia-citdi, cio pue Q

loh njp"; a person passing by leaves tracks, a
ciah 172 A classifier applied to ani- i kai min
bird flying over drops a feather.
69 ~2~ mals, boats, furniture, and
to things in pairs or sets when one is indivi- cp-ni cek kai ciah cek kai ciah si ai" tluii-kp :
a ill si ?Why is his face blotched he is going :

dualized.
to have leprosy is tn si, be ciah
he not ? ;
ciah koi, ciah gu, ciah n/o-chii ; a hen, an ox,
a concatenation, thoi" tieh kai ciah kai ciah
and a mouse, ciah cun ; a boat, ciah f", ciah ;
chng a chair and a table.

;
ciah 6i ; a shoe, appears to be scarred.
tok ciah bueh ; a single stocking. tok ciah
m&k; ono-eyed. toa" ciah chiu; single handed,
ciah 172 -
A swallow.
997 8r ra6a°-ciali-cfo a swallow,
cek ciah chiu-cng-thau ; one finger. c6k ciah ;
liah mfta°-ciah su 6ng khim h<S° Iftk in catch-

kha ; one leg. sang ciah chi'u kio i cih ;
;
received it from him in both hands, knah t!o ing a swallow you have to use the same skill
cek ciah ku a as in catching a wild beast.

ciah hi"; cut off an ear. ;
tortoise, cek ciah pit-p6; a bat. cAn ciah coi

c&i a great number of boats.
;
no ciah kha jt]^ ciah-ko A partridge or grouse.
kia° kau sng cSi ; my feet ache badly from fWj 39 kai sna" tliftu cCk ciah ciah-
walking so far. cek ciah cui-thaiig ; a water ko; each mountain has its champion partridge,
bucket. chua b6 kui ciah tla''-lia°; have bat ciah-ko bd nek, knt la so though a partridge ;
have little meat, its bones are crisp.

very few left.
ciah 130 The spine. ciah 184 To eat ;

to consume ;
to live
986 6 ka-ciah; the back, ie-ciah- 766 upon ;
to drink ;
to devour ;
kut ; the back bone. ie-ciah-kut co kii sng ; to imbibe to absorb.

;
my back aches from sitting so long. ka-ciah ciah piig, ciah pia", ciah kiie-cf; eats rice,
S,n ;
behind the back. kia" to i ka-ciah Su ; cakes, and fruit. ciah ciii, ciah tfi, ciah cm ;
walked behind him. klua to i ka-ciah 5u; drinks water, tea, and whiskey. ciah ce,
stood behind him. hui-tng ka-ciah Su khu ciah clip ;
to live on vegetables, or to eat
thoi"; turned back and looked. animal food. ciah hun ; to smoke tobacco,
pi to ka-ciah
fiu ;carried it tied upon his back. ho lia ka- ciah a-phien to smoke opium.
;
ciah pa ; to
ciah good to lean back upon.
;
piah ka-ciah eat a full meal, ciah pa a hue ? Have you
S,u; skulk behind one. sie lia ka-ciah leaning ;
eaten enough yet ? ciah kau pa-pa ; eat till the
on each other, back to back. appetite craves no more. ciah bue pa has ;
not yet eaten a full meal. i to ciah

;
he is
>/fl^ 162
ciah A foot-mark ; a trace ves- ; eating. ciah ho lio has finished his meal,
;
'X^ 985 "^6^ tiges effects, ; ciah pua° pak had eaten half a bellyfuU.
;
kha-ciah footprints.
; chwn bo hun-ciah ;
ciah pua° kueh ciu ng6 tieh i lai ; when they
there is no trace of it. bo I'a" bo ciah no ; were half through the meal, he happened to
evidences of it. ii I'a" ciah
;
there is circum- come. mai° ciah khah pa do not eat too ;
stantial evidence of it. heng-ciali khp-gi ; a much. i I'o soi, fsi ciah ni, boi ciah png he is ;
suspicious appearance. peng bo cong ciah ; I rather small, and eats milk since he cannot
can find out nothing about him. mai" raueh eat rice, i hvvn ciah ni he is not yet weaned,
;
se° hun-ciah ; do not get it .scratched or stain- cek ceng cek ceng ciah hph coi cup by cup he ;
ed, lu kai sa° cp oi kai ciah kai ciah ?

Why is drank a great quantity. kau i ciah there m ;
DICTIONARY OP THE SWATOW DIALKCT. 47
is not as much as he wants to eat. i iTi kau

cooking. i
pa-16i kSii much io hd ciah what ;
ciah ; she has not enough to eat. chla" i eiah she prepares is delicious. ciah tiara sira ; to
toh ; invite him to supper. etah phi''-hun ; stay the stomach to take a bite. ciah pfa"
;
take snuff. ciah che° hun smoke green ;

tieh nua'' ka-lio you can't eat biscuit without
;
tobacco, ciah ciii-hun; suiokes strong tobacco, saliva to moisten it. boi choh mueh-ciah ;
raih hvin to ciah ; smokes any sort of tobacco. buy something to eat. b6 ko ho boi ciah ;
i .si ciah hun-kuah he lives on sweet potatoes;

;
there is no place in which one can buy victuals,
he is very poor, tliang ciali thang ; (6a thang siu-sip ciah ; prepare the meal. 13,u câli swt;
ciah soi tliaiig ; animals live on animals, the one who sponges his food. ciah ciii iTi ta ;
larger eating the smaller. lu si ciali cii-nang got into hot water.
a hi ciah ka-kl ? Does your employer board you
or do you board yourself? kliut nTuig ciah
— ciak —
toa-bo-mueh ci" khu he had a large amount ;
ciak 164 To fill a cup to deliberate
of money made away with by somebody.
oiah hue;it easily ignites,
koi
ciah nang ciu nek,
V 81 upon, V ;
poll ciak; a slight repast, hi ciak; a marriage

kang njiug co hok; be a comfort to those whose feast. no nang tui ciak; drank each other's
meat and wine sustain you. bo kong m ka cim-ciak ju kia"; we will do what
healths,
ciah 16k dare not partake of the imperial
;
we decide upon after consultation. no nang
rations unworthily. lia kwt rTi ciah
ngan I ;
cim-cira ciak-ciak the two were perpetually
;
shall certainly not eat my own words. toa in consultation. cim-ciak kau hp-hp;
ciah, soi ciah large and small eaters. chui
arranged satisfactorily by mutual consultation,
;
siap boi ciah has no appetite for food.

; chui ua kio lu cim-ciak kia" su; I have something
kut ciah ke ; has a good appetite. ui khui,
that I wish to consult with you about. ceng
6i ciah has a relish for food. ciah tit loh,
nang cp-ni ciak-ngi ? To what decision did
;
eio tit khu if you can eat it you can digest it.
;
they all come
after consultation ? ciak-ngi cp
ciah m loh cannot eat it. ciah Ho mai" ke"
they decided to do thus.
;
cie''-se°; ciak-liang
tieh do not let it stick in your throat when
;
kau thp-thp tang-tang all is
satisfactorily ;
swallowing it. ciah li'o ku tieh choked in ;

settled. chwn bo cim-ciak there was no ;
eating it. hau" ciah fond of it. ka-kl ciah lu mai" ka-ki td ciak ;
;
consultation about it.
ka-ki he feeds himself.
;
keh-ciah indigest- ;
do not act independently. ciak cp kai gueh
tion. ho ciah a iTi ho ciah ; whether good to
cek tng adopted the decision that it should
;
eat or not. ii ho ciah has food, bo ho ciah ; ;
be done once a mouth,
has nothing to eat. piig ciah ci"; an allowance
for food. peh ciah eats it out of hand, ;
ciak 87 A title of nobility; a cup
than ciah pilfers food. ciah kau pui-pui
; ;
i>J 997 14 for libations,

has become very stout. cp-ni ciah kiiu la" i
ciak-piie a wine goblet. ciak 16k ; rank and

sang? How is it that he has become so thin ?
;
ciah li oi ciah, toa li boi toa; he eats without

salary, kong-ciak ; duke. ho-ciak ; marquis,
si ciah sie" a m si ? He has maras-

pek-ciak ; earl, cii-ciak; viscount, lum-ciak ;
growing. ciak-hain titled people.

mus has he not ? cek sim ai° tue kia" ciah, cek
baron. ; hong ciak ;
confer a title of nobility.

sira ai° kha tali chut; her mind was divided
between remaining with her children, and
marrying again, u thang ho ciah is provided ;
with food. bo thang ho ciah has nothing to ;

^4^ ciara 42
Tapering pointed sharp. ; ;
eat. ciah lio bread-stuffs ; victuals,

;
ciah tu; ^X^ 977 teng ciam cSi very sharp,
3 ;
a food-safe. ciah png chng a dining table, ;

ciam-lai acute.;
kha ciam cliin ui"; tapering
ciah siah ; to feast. ciah kiie-ci fû tieh feet and delicate hands, cng-thau ciam-ciam ;
ki ;
when you eat the fruit remember the tapering fingers, siah kau ciam-ciam ; whittle
branches. ci ciah cun ciu ciah chim cui ; it down to a point. b5i ciam ; blunt. so kau
this boat draws much water. cek jit ciam-ciam roll between the thumb and finger
;
ciah sa° tng ; eats three meals a day. ciah to a sharp point. pit-ciam ; the point of a
l5 ciii ; gets the dew upon it. ciah i kai pen. so ciam te" lu"; roll and squeeze down,
khi ; takes in its exhalations. so ciah si sua"- as women do their bound feet. mia"-ke so
tien hai-bi ; eats of the fat of the land. ui ciara te° iu"; expert in shaping bound feet; one
ciah leh ; loathes medicine. i r7i ciah ; he who possesses great tact. ciam ta"; a carry-
does not eat it. i m
ciah ; he will not eat it. ing pole. chili ciam-ciam ;
a needle shaped
ko nang lai pa-16i ciah ; hire some to do the snout.
48 DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALKCT.
make use of temporarily, lia ciam na ci-kp ; I

ciam 119 Water-grown rice.
shall stay here but a little while. ciam cu ; a
fin^
îi 322 7 ciam hi; common rice,
brief stay. ciam khla-khi ; a short residence,
toa ciam large rice. ng ciam yellow rice, ;
please be patient with it a

;
bi ? Do yon use tlie

ciam chi'a' jira
i
eng cut hi a eng ciam ;
that which i.s not glutinous?

littlewhile, png-png si ai" ciam kai; original-
glutinous rice or
ly desired to take a temporary one. ci hfte
chara khah coi ciam bi mixed in too much of ;
bd, chia" ciam ce there is none at this moment,
;
the water-grown rice.
please defer an instant. ciam thang; earn in
J^ ciam 25 To divine ; sortilege. the interim. ta° chia" «iam eng. e-jit cia'
I—I 43 8 ciam khhe ;

divination, I&i boi h(5 kai kindly make use of tliis for the
;
ciam khue thoi" lip a i7i hd discern the

kfti ; time being, and afterward a better one can be
omens and see whether they are favorable or purchased. h<5 clam rii ho chiang it will do ;
nnfavorable. c{ kfii khue ciam khji in 16ng; temporarily, but not permanently, ciam ciah ;
this was a false prediction. ciam thien-bdn ; stay the stomach meanwhile.
auger from observation of the stars.
ciam 85 Gradually ; by degrees.
ciam 109 To look up. 979 11 (iam-ciam Ifti came on gra- ;
-14 18 st nang «iam-ng(ang k&i

k(5
dually, ciam jip kia-keng; it becomes more
n&ng; he is one whom people look up to. ciam picturesque as you proceed, sun su, ciam cin;
mo"; to anticipate longingly. advancing in regular order ciam 16a gra- ;
dually increase in size. ciatu soi ; gradually

v}Jb ciam 85 Obliged, benefited ; to par- diminish. ciara-ciam bo khu; gradually dis-
iP 43 6 ticipate in to be a recipient ;
;
appeared, ciam-ciam ti°; gradually tilled to
to enjoy. the brim. ciam-ciam khp gradually ebbs, ;
ciam i kai knang had the ;

benefit of his light; ciam ciam i"; waxes slowly to the full. ciam-
gotit Ihiough his favor, tfeh fl h<5 khut nftng cian) khi ; gradually ascends. ciam-ciam
ciam kuang cia" hd it is well if you have any
; kui"; gradually mounts up.
way whereby you tan help others. — ciang —
ciam 69
cfam-c6ih ; smoothly and ciang 41 A sign of the future ; about
fr 12 evenly cut or wrought out;
7 ^f 9Q7 8 to ;
a leader ; regarding ;
regular and straight ; clean-cut. cp khut cfam- considering.
c6ih cJii ; made very evenly. chii khf kau ciang ciu ; presently, ciang lai ; in the future,
cfam-ciam c6ih-c6ih ; the house is built with ciang kau ; close upon. ciang ai° ciah ; about
fittaight lines and correct angles. i kai 6i c6
to eat. i
ciang ai" khu ; he is about to go.
lai l»ih-hah, iTi cfam-coih; his shoes are clumsily ko-ciang ; it will do. jit ciang am kai si-h&u ;
made, and are not nicely shaped.

when it was nearly dusk. ciang si ; about to
die. ciang ju cu h6 ? What can be done ?
A ft ciam 9 To encroach ;
to usurp. ciang jip ning about to go in at the door,
;
I pl 45 6 and take
pa-ciara ;
to invade ciang-kun a commandant.
; tSi-ciang-knn ;
possession of. ciam pting-i take advantage of ;

commander-in-chief. pa-ciang in regard ;
to one's own profit. ciam ti encroach on ;

to. pa-ciang ci kia" su, kio i la°; tell him
another's land. ciam khuah to encroach be- ; concerning this affair. i
pa-ciang lu, cp-nl
yond the boundary. kwn-thai ? As for you, how did he treat you ?
thoi" i pa-ciang ci k&i su co-ni cp ; see what he
ciam 64 To search
for with the hand. will do in regard to this matter.
863 c!am kau khang toi-toi feel
8 ;
for it at the very bottom of the hole. to Idng 3.^ ciang 57 To display; to publish
toi ciam chut lai felt for and found it in the
;
^JK- 22 ~8 abroad ;
to boast of ;
to
bottom of the bag. ciam tieh hu-toi cai-se"- make much of.
ie° ? How does the inside of it feel ? chiu khah khai-ciang; to display, (as new goods), khua-
toa,ciam m jip ; my hand is too large, I can- ciang boa.stf ul.
; kuai-ciang cai ; very cross-
not thrust it in. grained, ci kai a-no^-kia" khah kuai-ciang ;
this child is very cross. ciang-iang; to bruit
ciam 72 Temporary ; briefly ;
for the abroad, u cii-ciang, bp cii-ciang; there is or is
946 11 time being. cTam si ;
for a not a way to bring it about. sin khai-ciang ;
little while, ciam si cia" ku si ;

the temporary newly displayed. meng mak ciang ta"; it was
has become the permanent. ciam eng sii si ; done openly.
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 4.9
station. choi° pia" koi tit, cek ciang Iftng

^^^ ciang 117 Statutes ; rules. khiu easier to get a thousand soldiers
it is
22 ciang thia"; by-laws, thu-
;
-^P* 6
than to find one general. oi to choi" kun
ciang an instrumeut to stamp orders with,
;
bwn be tang chu tSi-ciang cu thfiu, ju thkm
kliek kai tliu-eiang engrave a stamp. cie
Idug chii miieh ; he can take the head of a
;
ku ciang according to the old regulations,

general out of the midst of an army, as you
;
liiang ciang ;
the present regulations.
would take a thing out of a bag.
^^
^j *
ciang
23
64
8
To rule
oversee.
;
to direct ;
to
tt:^ ciang 109
cataract forming. A
H-TP' 25 ciang ; paralysis of the
11 l&i-
i ciang-kwn ; he holds jurisdiction.
to si ti-
che°-me° lS.i-ciang stone blind,
optic nerve.
tiaiig td Clang su ? Who
has the direction of ;
kim mak Ijli-ciang ; bright eyed and stone

the affair ? si i to ciang ka he is the one who ;
blind.
issues the directions. ciaug-kiii°; the book
keeper. chu put ciang pia", ngi put ciang To commend ; to enhearten.
87
chai compassion will not control soldiers, and y^^ ciang
968 ciang sie"; to hold out re-
il
;
3>'>^
justice will not administrate wealth. wai'ds. chia" ciang request that a testimonial ;
168 Senior; to grow to pros- may be offered, khua-ciang to laud, ciang- ;

ciang ;
sie" kun-su reward an officer in the army.
_ , "O 27
per.
;
ciang-cii the eldest son.

;
se" ciang to ci-ko ;
ciang 50
unreasonable ;
hiin-ciang ;
was born and reared here. i
i"-keng ciang-
he is
24 hun-ciang kai
8 incoherent,
Beng already grown up.
lio ; ke-ciang ;
hu chph ue ta°
the head of the family. cun-ciang a vener- ;
nang unreasonable people.
;
chut iai, ciig kai hun-ciang k&i ue all that

ciang-lau an elder; a veteran,
;
able person. ;
the eldest in the family of

was said was utterly incoherent. hun-ciang
ciang pang ciang ;
kai tong-si, mai" chai i he is an unreasonable
the eldest brother. cia hong-khi m hp ciang ;
;
this practice must not be suffered to continue, creature, pay no heed to him.
e-jit ciang-cin tieh pat i, in-ui btie ciang-cm 104 Noxious exhalations.
kai si-hau tit i ii nang-cheng when we have ^1^^ ciang
24 in-ciang kai ti-hng ; an un-
;
y.^p. 11
grown prosperous we must recognize him, be- healthy country. sua" lam ciang-khi; a ma-
cause before we became prosperous we received
larious atmosphere.
favors from him. ciang tha nang kai ci-khi;
praised the other's good qualities. ciang 170 To separate so as to screen
25 TT or protect. p<5-ciang;a
ciang 41 A leader ;
to take charge of defense or protection.
l»J 967 8" a force,
pia" ciang ; a military leader. t&i ciang; the
~y^'^
To measure ; to survey.
ciang 1
chief leader. mia° ciang ; a famous leader. ^Jr^ 25 ciang tl to survey land,
2 ;
Hang ciang; hp ciang; a considerate leader, ciang thoi" jieh tng measure it and see how ;
sio Clang a youthful leader.;

lau ciang ; a long it is. ciang sua"; measure wild land,
veteran leader. cifi" ciang chief of the staff. ;
ciang chang to survey arable land.
; jieh
hii ciang; lieutenant commander, cham ciang ; coi keng ciang ? How many chains is it in
a brigadier general, phien ciang; a lieutenant, length ? kok ciang the Emperor's father- ;
ciang kua"; army officers. hd-hang ciang ; in-law.

renowned leaders, cien ciang wari-ior.s. pai ;
ciang a defeated leader.

;
me" ciang ; an im- /TAJ t-i^ngTo fight ; weapons ; to rely on
9
petuous leader. iong ciang ; a brave leader, |yV 25
3 ta ciang to fight. phah ;
pin ciang an angelic leader,; siang ciang the ; ciang ; to join in battle. pai ciang ; defeated
superior officer. suah ciang a veteran gen- ;
in battle. seng-ciang ; victorious. phah
eral, chut ciang, jip siang a general in war, ; pai-ciang ; worsted in the fight. ta seng
a prime minister in peace. ciang mng cu cu ; ciang ; victorious in the fight. ciang hi k&i
of the breed of warriors. ciang leng general ;
lak ; rely on your strength. lia-ciang lu ;
orders, ciang pia"; to lead the troops. ciang relies on you. kai nang hd khau-ciang
ci ;
put ku sue insubordination ; the generals not

;
this person may be relied upon. chwn ciang
obedient to the commander-in-chief. h6 cp sin-ngi ; rely solely on his honor, ciang i kfti
ciang m hp cp sue he will do for a general but ;
si;depend on his influence. kia°-jit cia° ai°
not for a generalissimo. ciang thî a signal ;
khui ciang to-day the battle will begin.
;
60 PICTIONAEY OF THK SWATOW DIALECT.
ciang 75 A cudgel ;
to cudgel.
jtist
cie 75 Pepper.
tt cek26 y kiiai-ciaiig; a staff or crutch, I/IA 970 8
black pepper. chwn
ho-cie ;
ciang give a hundred blows.

peli ;
sien cie small grained pepper.
; lah cie red pep- ;
ciang ;
an abbot's staff or crosier, pers, khu boi kiii kfii ci° huo-cie lai loh buy ;
a few cash worth of Cliili

— ciap — poppers and put
them in. ho-cie buah ; pulverized pepper.
ng6i h6-cie; to pound pepper in a mortar,
ciap 64 To receive; to succeed to; suah ho-cie; season with pepper. h6-cie raai"
975 8 to connect to splice ; con-
; suah khah kfta do not sprinkle on too much
;
tiguous. pepper.
sie ciap to join by splicing.
; ciap tit khf,
ciap i7i kill; can or cannot connect tliera. cie 64 To advertise; to induce; to
seng ciap take orders for work.
ti-ti;ing ?
;
Who
is his successor ?
ciap clii'a si
ciap-n4p ;
tS
cie ua"; to proclaim
31 6 entangle,
an amnesty. chut cie
to welcome. ciap-c6 cek k6 join into one ;
jl
sa° ki ciap co cek ki join the three chong issue a call for workmen,
; cie n&ng l&i
piece. ;
chong-tng ci kla° ku advertise ; for people to

pieces lengthwise into one. ciiip klah-thd ;
come and serve in this capacity, chut cie-
splice the wooden heel of a woman's shoe,
mend a wooden sole. thiap; issue an advertisement. cie t6i° ni&
ciap chfv 6i-t6i ; ciap
ke"; call for tenants to till the land. cie-p&i ;
chlu to graft trees.
; ciap kut; to set a a sign-board, bo khut nftng tali cfa cie-thiap;
bone. ka" ciap kit kai ; oranges that are
does not allow people to stick bills here. cie
grafted upon limes. ciap chiii to take up ;
the tale. e kiii kii ue i ciap loh kliu ta"; nfing jip chu ; induce people to enter. cie
chin engage a son-in-law, cie kia"-.ski bring
he continued with the few following sentences. ; ;
a Kon-in-law into one's own family. cie ang ;

ciapsa°-ng; piece down the sleeves. iiHug take a husband. cie pia", bdi b^ to raise
coi cJli, sie ciap sie ciap there are many ;
;
troops. cie-fn i l&i induce him to come as a

people present, so that they are as many as
;
convert or attache, kira jl cie-pfti a sign-

have standing room. cui kuang ciap thi°; ;
board with gilt letters. cie boi cie boi to

the water seems to join the sky. cinp cang;
;
advertise in business.
wear a false queue. pi° bue Fph ai° ciap kui"
a ui" ciap ke ? Will you have the silk that
forms the end of the queue braided in high up >Aj^ cfe 42 Few ; inadequate ; not much.
or low down ? khieh ke tio soh khu ciap tng ^-^ 74:6 1 in h(5 cie ;
it will not do to
ce take another rope and splice it on.
; thih have less. 1(5 cie a very limited supply,
; ra
si eng sim-mih huap-cak c-ia" 6i ciap tit tue ? cai ke a cfe; do not know whether there are
In what way can iron be welded together? more or le.ss. boi cie there are no less. m ;
cun thau ciap tieh cun hue the bow of one ;

cie ; put cie not a little.
; cie° ce diminish it ;
boat was tied to the stern of the other. b6 a little, cie ci°; diminish the price, khah cie;
thang ciap sok there is no successor. ;
ciap
too sng cie ce lessen the sum total
little. ;
ke cek chieh ; lengthen it a foot more by somewhat, boi khah ke, boi khah cie; neither
splicing. tl-hng sie ciap their lands are ;
too many nor too few. kheng cie kau ti-ko ?
contiguous. flow much is he willing to abate ? ho kai sim
cie the good are very few.
; cie th(5i''-ki';
c£ap 64 To win a victory, which seldom seen. cie thia"-ki°; seldom heard.
976 8 demands quickness, ta° cie, kie" kiie ta" ke it is bet(er to
say ;
khue ciap lien ciap to attain less than to say more. u coi cie has moivi
spry. ; ; degrees ;
at successive examinations. tit ciap ; prompt,

or less of it. put kiie coi cie tia°; not exceed-
ciap po an announcement of victory.
;
ciap- ing a small amount at the most, ne cio-
co su cie ; very few indeed. i io cie he has less.
ciap ta°; ciap-ciap li-li ta°; loquacious. ;
ciap-kwt acts with promptness and decision.

;
ua cie lu cek hiie ;
I am
a year younger than
ci kp cie chut ci kai mueh ; there is
— cie — you,
but little of this to be found here. cui
khah cie ; there is too little water. ciah cie ;
cie 140 The plantain bananas. ; eat but little. niu kai nang-miieh io cie ;
yrV\ 970 12 keng-cie ; ge-cie ; bananas, there ai-e fewer of you, iTi hau" khut i cie ;
bali-cie; sour plantains. cek siu keng-cie ; a would not let him have it for less,
siang cie ;
bunch of plantains. the least.

cie 164 A requiam ;

a sacrifice.
4;^ 75 cie"
Camphor.
iiiW 971 T2 phah cie ;
to celebrate the 'I-^ 23 11 cie" chia; the camphor tree,
All-souls festival, kien cie; in.stitute a sacrifi- cie" cha co kai; what is made of camphor
wood. cie"-l(5 \\6 na
cial festival. pheiig-aiig cie celebrate
phah ;
cie"-l(5 camphor gum. ;
a festival thanking the gods for deliverance, ciii

teng hwt hue camphor gum may be
;
phah hue cie; celebrate tlie autumnal festival igfuited when on the surface of water.
of the god of fire. tali kai cie pe"; set up a
platform for sacrificial offerings. cie" 85 A thick fluid ;

starch ;
to
968 11 starch,
l^fj oieA decree an announcement
149 ; chong cie"; make starch. sa"-kh6 kue cie";
Ppl 35from the throne.
5 cih cie ;
starch the clothes. hue ke cie" soi ; gone
receive the Imperial announcement. thak home to put her clothes in order. latn cie";
cie ;
read the decree. phang cie ;
issue a blued starch. mai" cie" khah kJiu ; do not
decree. put in too much starch, mai" cie" khah khia ;
do not starch it too stiff. ai" cie" kau kliia-
cie 86 To shine upon ;

to enlighten ;
khia; I want it starched very stiff. cie" eng
i-j^
poll ce use ratlier thin starch. cie" cui
^\W 35 9 to accord with. khieh kia" ; ;
lai cie; bring a mirror to see it in. cie sin gravy, kwn cie"; produces pus.
kia"; a pier-glass. khieh iiiie 14i cie take a ;
light to see by. cek koi° cie kau kng-kng ; Vl^^ cie" 75 An oar.
it shines all around. cie" poi" cie kau ,^'V 968 11 cun cie"; the oars. poih
hie" poi"; shone from this side to the other cie" cun an eight oared boat.
;
ko cie"; to
side. lia ai" cie ci kai ie°; I v^'ill follow this row. chi" cie", clii" m cai, tieh kp cannot ;
pattern. cie ie" co ;

makelike the pattern,
it touch bottom with the oar and must row. si
cie lu ta", si co-ni? According to your account pe" cie"; four oared. thau cie"; the bowman's
of it, what is the state of affairs ? niai" a, nan oar. biie cie"; the steersman's oar. ap biio
cie sng ; dispute about it, we will
do not cie"; draw in the stern oar. toa*^ pe" cie";
follow the reckoning. cie-ku. as of old. ; single oared. cie" tiam the upright posts, to
;
cie sin kai huap-to kia"; done in accordance which the oars are attached in a Chinese boat,
with the new regulations. the cie" khau ; the rope ring which holds the oar
jit cie tieh ;
sun shines on it. cie-ki" hu-ko kai nang ;

in place. cie"-khau lut khui ce, cie" cia" lap
shines upon the people there. tit loh ; shove up the rope ring and then you
jib cie jip pang
lai the sun shines into the room.
;
bo raiii" can slip the oar on, sai huang, kiam ko cie";
to sail and row at the same time.
put cie; it shines everywhere; all ai'e en-
lightened, cie kau cie" poi" tang-tang-kng ;
shines upon this side so as to make it all very i 40 To watch, to guard to have
cie"
1^ ;
light. gueh cie jip lai kng-kng, sph co thi"- >J 755 3 in keeping.
kug the moon shone in so brightlj^ that I
; lia ai" chut miig, lu ho cie" chu I am going ;
supposed it was daylight. lip ieh chiin cie ; out, and you may watch the house. i cie"
when you make a contract preserve the evi- kin-kin, bo kia" khui he keeps a close watch
;
dences, hue cie kau kng-kng, the artificial over it, and does not leave it at all. cie"-
light shines upon it so that it is very bright, ke"; a night watchman. m6"-kua (p cie"
lu lia sim cie; you and I understand each
pho guards the shop at night.
; 6ng i to
other. cie-hue to inform officially.
;
hwn cie" cah-mixg; employ him to guard the
cie vis-a-vis. cie to tng to reflect. to cie
; ; barrier.
kiie lai; i*eflected back. cip-cie ;
a license,
or permit. 64 The palm of the hand.
^^^ cie"
— •
Cie
a
— •
~X^
*'
23 8 chiu-cie"; pa-cie"; the palm,
phah pa-cie"; to clap the hands. phah i c§k
'
S'^ cie" 117 A

chapter, a statement. e pa-cie"; give him a slap. him cie"; a bear's
-HF* 22 cie"; a chapter,
6 cektoi" sa", paw. koi ju hwn cie"; as easy as turning
cie"; the third chapter. poih cie" it cak; the the hand. sien-n^ng pa-cie"; the flat leaved
eighth chapter and first verse. co bun-cie"; cactus. go cie"; ah cie"; web-footed. cia
writes essays. ho biin-cie"; a well written tieh cang kha pa-cie" lai phah he ought to be ;
article. pie cie"; a memorial. cau cie"; send kicked for it. chiu cie" hun the lines in ;
a memorial. the hand.

^•^^ cie" 162 Thus ;

this way ;
so. scratching becomes sore.
it, it cie" kau m
39 7 cie"-se^ hie"-8e°; like this or lip nJii, sim-mueh lai sph it itches
tieh b6i
;jf^ ;
like that. lu raai" cie"-so" ta"; do not speak intolerably, I must buy something to rub on
thus, ctali kau c\e" pui so stout. sin- it. Boi cie"; a wash for <io" kp
; grew itching.
sip kau cie" ngfa ; arranged so prettily, cheng
t7i
p6, khu pfi thia" k(5; not scratching where it
kau cie" ])hai-chiaiig dressed so elegantly, lii
itches but where it is sore. ie" cfii itches (
;
;
CO cie" niang ITii ? Why do you come so late Y badly.

i kia" cie" me", lia
jlo i lieh; he walks so m
fast that I cannot overtake him. lii cie" nbi L« cie" 1 To ascend ;
to rise ;
to mount.
c6-ni 5i cie" in h<5 ? si tl-tiang kk lii cie".se° ? -i-. 741
cie' kia"; go to 2Peking. cio"
Since you are so small, how is it that you are l&u-teng; go up stairs. cie" sua"; ascend the
BO bad ? Who
was it that taught you to be so ? mountain ; to di.sembark. cle"-cle" Iph-ldh ;
tieh ang cie" toa kfi,i lia cia" ai°; if there were ascending and descending, boi tit cio"; cannot
one as large as this, I should want it. cie" get np. thoi' m cie" mftk ;
not pass
it will
hie" and the other side. muster. cie" chl b6i chai gone a marketing,
p6i", p6i"; this side ;
Iti (!ie"-se", lia hie"-se"; you do one thing, and I cie" cunembark.
;
to
pha-cle" be-sin clu tieh
will do the other. l<i c6 cie" 6\ ? How is it khia; if you mount a horse you must ride
that you are so competent ? lii co cio" h(5 ?
him. peh-cle" chlu climb a tree. cie" chu-
;
How is it thnt you are so well ? lii cp 6i cie"- t^ng get up on the roof.
; cie" ke, 16h ke ;
86° ? Uow is it that you are in this condition ? increase or diminish the price. do" ci" ka"-
si cie"-so"; that is the way it is; that is all that na, Iph ci" kie"; olives grow more valuable
remains to be said, si cie'-se" clu ai" I want ;
by keeping, and ginger grows less so. su c6
and no other. da cie" clifu cu cp kau hd-lid ; as soon as the busi-
just such hug cie"-se" h(5 ;
if that is the case, it is all right. lia si cie°- ness is put into his hands it is
accomplished,
rii cie" cek kili
fie"; this is my fixed position in regard to the giieh ; not so much as a month,
matter. lii m c6 m
sin sip, cio" nah-sap fîe" ?
cie" c6i khii th6i"; club
together and go and
"Why are you so disorderly and uncleanly ? see. kfo do"; to sura up. de" ciii cQn ;
ju ta", ju cie-se"; the more that is said, the goes against the current. chii Ifti do" ciii ;
worse it grows. the water rises into the house.
ju cie"-se" cp do thus. lia ;
cie" png cio";
ham hi cie"-se° c6, Id tin-t6 hie"-8e' c6 I told send up a report. cek e de", cSk e Iph ; for
;
you to do it in this way and you did just the each ascent there is a descent.
reverse. hug hue-cun cio" me"; as fast as a
steamboat moves, ang ci koi" chii cie" t5a as L* cie" 1
Upper
high ; foregoing in ;
large as this house. m

si cie"-se"; it is not so.
;
—L* 741 de" e; upper and

2 upon.
; ;
cie" b6 sin-khi, tieb ciah lower. cie" plie" sia"; the

p6 when so lacking ; upper even tone,
in vigor, you must take a tonic. cie" khu sia"; the do'
cie"-se" k&i upper departing tone.
nfi,ng,ili-hd
kau-chap do not associate with ; jit; the other day. cie" kiii jit; a few days
ago.
such people. i si cp (•ie"-se" a rli si he cie" kfii loi-pai last thi" cie" sin-
; Sunday, ;
did so, did he not. i cie"-se" c6 he did it :

sien hii, ti e pu-kiii ke; in heaven there are the
in this way. i cie"-so° ta"; that is what mansions of the angels, and on earth there are
he said. the dwellings of noble families. cie" chin si
ti-tiang? Who was his predecessor? cie" chi'u
cie 164 Relishes ;
salt condiments. poi", e chiu poi"; the higher and lower levels,
968 11 tail cie"; bue cie"; bi cie"; de" th&u ; up yonder. sin-cle"; the person.
lah-cie cie' salt relishes made from beans, siii-cio° chwn-jii h'o; he has recovered his
plums, rice, or red peppers. hiam cie"; pun- health. toua sin-cie"; it is upon my person,
gent salt condiments. cie''-hu catsup. sa" ci-kp i"-cie" si sim-mih tl-hng ? What
;
country
cham cie"; mixed relishes, cie" sie chai ; small is this on before us ? ki'o to hu cie"; to conclude
vegetables seasoned in soy. from the foregoing. lia to cie" ni lS,i ;
I came
years ago. koi cie" u slm-mih hd boi ? What
cie" 104 To itcb. is to be bought in the streets ? u cie" u e; there
1073 16 pe cie"; to scratch on ac- cannot be an upper without an under, cp cie"
count of itching. 6i cie" a boi ?
Does it itch ? ui sit in the upper seat. cie"-kua ; the fore-
;
lu kainek td cie" ho You itch for want of a noon, cie" tng lau e tng ;
keep the earlier
!
whipping ! cie" kau khang kut it itches ; meal for a later one. cie" tng h<5, e tng
down to the bone. cie" ai" klm
pe, pe h'o iu m h(5 ; it was
good the former time but not
thia"; scratch it because it itches, and after the latter.
DICTIONAET OF THK SWATOW DIALECT. 53
— ciet — cieh khang; a cave in a rock, kih cieh; to lay

cieh 9 To borrow to lend. up stones, cieh pi; a grave stone, cieh kha-
yiJll ;
973 8 cieh lai, cieh khu ; borrowing thang a stone basin.

; lim-koi-cieh ; stepping
If^ stones. cieh t&h-po-cang a stone stairway,
and lending. cieh i kai ci°; borrowed his ;
cieh koi-lo paved streets.

;
min phue kJlu kiie
raonej. cieh i kai tieh cai h&i" i ; if you
cieh koi-lo very thick skinned. phah cieh
borrow from hira you must repay him. cieh lo ;
kai ; a stone-cutter. bua to cieh ; bath brick,

keng kue; to get in through another's influence,
cieh to thsii nang ; make use of another's phu-cieh pumice stone.
;
eng cieh ; englo
stone. che° kim cieh malachite. cieh-ko ;;
weapons. cieli mug to inquire civilly.

;
i
m gypsum. ku un good and bad

gek cielx
hau° cieh lia ; he would not lend it to me. ;
were alike consumed. 1^'ig sai ngwn cieh

cieh i kju toa"; the borrower's note. cieh si
ti'am than can make the rocks nod their
;
cieh SI adapt yourself to circumstances, cieh
;
heads. cek cieh si cap tau a chaldron is ten
l&k cieh lak; hold back from too violent a ;
pecks. lah cieh ; yellow quartz. bi cieh ;

manifestation of strength.
rice in bulk. toi° kiie cieh-ci harder than a ;
cieh 154 The substance, mattei", or

cobble stone. cang cieh-ko kak i throw ;
stones at him. cieh-phoi ; cieh phien ; flakes

68 8 grosser nature, as distin-
of stone. cieh phue; friable stone, lau khe"
guished from the aura, or subtle parts ; to sub-
cieh ; solid rock. hiin cieh ; soft stone used
stantiate by evidence; to confront; essential,
cieh-ti lip good natural parts. cieh-ti m-hp
for seals. i" cieh ink stones. 6i se° cieh ;
;
;
cS,i ; the native soil is exceedingly poor. ho stony. php cieh carry a stone in the arms,
;
khah cieh to roll a stone on a flat surface,

6e°-cieh ; of naturally fine temper. pin cieh
;
;
lin cieh ; roll a stone over. ci ko cieh ppi"

natural capabilities, thoi-cieh ; the substance,
kiie lai ; turn this stone upside down. ci ko
cieh chang ; the original and real soil. cu
cieh sai i khia ; set this stone on end. cieh
cieh sira si ho ; the book is excellent. cieh
chin phu ce ; lift the stone a little. cieh bua
sin ; something to go by an earnest. tiii ;
cieh ; confront the parties, as for proof. se°

kau kng-kiig ; polish the stone smooth. cieh
chiu kau kut-kut; rub the stone smooth, put
cieh ; natural and essential elements. i kai
cieh lii-tan cSi ; he is naturally very dull.

tio cieh chiii take away these chips of stone,
;
i kai cieh chong-mcng ; he is naturally bright,

cek cieh cek peh kun, hok peh-poih kun a ;
stone is a weiofht of from 100 to 180 catties.

siang cieh, tong cieh, hia cieh ; superior,
mediocre, and inferior grades.
ciela 86 To absorb radiated heat.

235 khieh khu jit teng cieh ce ail cien To boil in fat to stew.
86 ;
t/> 6 ;
>>»'% 977 9 eng in cien a eng la cien?

put it in the sun and warm it a little. cieh
Do you cien ieh ;
sie warm, by radiated heat.
; me^-me"^ jit fry it in oil or in lard ?
cieh khun-ki'a" ciu ta if this broiling sun
;
to stew medicines. lia" pua" cien
poih hun ;
stew it down one fifth of its bulk. pua° cien

heats it for an instant it will be dry. mai"
boiled in fat and water. ai" cien ai"
khu cieh jit ; do not put it in the sun. cieh cti;
cha sui to lu ; suit your own taste in having it
hiie-thang warmed by a brazier covered with
;
fried in much or in little fat.
splints. cieh hue warmed at a fire.; khu
hue-16 pi" cieh sie go to the fireside and
;
warm yourself. khi kai hue-16 lai cieh sie; 72 To expose to the sun to sun.
cien ;
build a fire in the grate to get warm by. 733 6 ciang-si kai jit min cien
cieh kau cek sin sie-sie ; all warmed through. khun-kia" cu ta with the sun as it now is, it
;
need sun but a very little while in order to be

'jt 112
cieh Stone ; rocks ; a measure dry. kue-si° mai" pai-pang-kp cien jit, cien
^
^\-\ 766 of rice. jit lio khah so, iu ai" wn do not spread the ;
cieh-thau ; a rock, cieh po a stone, to cieh ; palm leaf fans in the sun, for if they lie in the
teng CO sitting on a rock.
; cieh kau-fing; a sun they will get too dry and will curl up.
pebble. cieh mng-tau ; stone door casings,
cieh sai ; stone lions. cieh ko stone drums, ;
cien 118 Kote paper.
cieh nang, cieh be; statuary. cieh cek; stone 978 8 cien ciia flowered note pa- ;
candles. cieh ciang-kun ; statues of warriors. per, hue cien ; billet paper. lah cien ;
cSeh thio stone pillars. cieh kie-nie stone glazed note paper, cien; sjn cien letter
;
; kong ;
bridges. cieh phang ;

a crevasse in a rock. paper.
the plain t(h' battle. t5 sua" teng ngo tieh

ci'en 18 To cut and trim with shears.
ciu cien ; met and fought on the hills, lu mai"
978 ^ 6i chai 6i cien ;
can cut and
kia" lai kio i cien ; do not fear to fight with
tit
garments. clen ksiu chui-chui ; snip it up
fine with shears. ei'en cO no kueh ; cut it in
them. ju-biin mdng kok kio mong kok kau-
cien ; have heard that certain countries were
two. cfen ni'u a cutpurse a pickpocket.
; ;
at war with each other. hong-sia" to bu-ko
cien kang giieh ; a rumor that they have been
154 Presents given to friends
cien
989 U
going on a journey, or as
cfen ngi cien kla°;
fighting there for a whole month.
cien ; afi'righted, in battle.
sim cien-
sim kia" ta" cien ;
tokeijs of remembrance. ;
terrified, as in going into a melee.

cien piet ;
cien loi; parting presents.
To quake ; to shake ; to
cien 181
cien
17 ~6~
149 To ascertain the state of.
cien mfeh ; to feel the pulse
M^
|pij|&
kha
8 45
tremble, J
cien chiu cien ; shivers all over. 16 co-nt

cie° hftu-se° sia jl chiu oi cien ? How is it that
»^^ cien 78 To exterminate. when you are so youthful 3'our hand shakes
'^ 900 "5" pSu cien tbien mdeh ;
reck-
when you write? sim kia" u6k cien; so terri-
lessly destroy
heaven's gifts. fied that the flesh creeps.
157 To trample on.

cien Art 26
cfi siang cien tab
ciet Forthwith; that IS : even
979
^ "8 ; trampled
PI' 984 the same as.
7
each other, as in a battle or in flight.
upon ciet jit ;
that same day. ciet si instantly ; ;
104 Pustules.
ciet si ;
that is it. m si hii-k&i ciet si ci-kai ;
if that is not it, this is. sin kun ciet ui a

5 tau cien ; small pox pustules.
;
new monarch is on the throne. ciet-khek ;
cien 62 War battle ; to fight. forthwith. ciet-sok cIu khu co went at once
BB^ war
;
tui cien ; made and did it. ciet si

;
hu k&i mia"; that is the

^^Ki 45 12 kio i
them. cien-tie° teng, u klii si po-cien, name. ciet jii m6ng su; supposing that hap-
against
a khi si be-cien, ti khi cien ia°, u klii cien su, u pens, kue ui t<5 ciet ; New Year soon comes.
khi cien kau si, tl khi tit tieb cien koiig; on tlie
battle field, there are some who fight on foot,
— cih —
some who iight on horseback, some who are cih 64 To receive; to welcome; to
Tictorious, some who are defeated, some who ?*% 975 8 take in the hand,
fight to the death,
and some who get the
ngeng-cih to meet and welcome. ;
cih tieh
honors of war. cien-ko liii kau jiet-jiet ; the sin received a letter.
;
lia m ceng cih tieh lu
war drums sound loudly. cien ciin ; a gun- kai jl I have not received your letter. cih
;
boat a man-of-war.
;
cien be ; a war horse, in receive the seal. cih jim take office, ;
;
cien Clang military commanders.

;
tSi cien a ; chut lai cih i Lssue forth to receive him. i
;
cien tin drawn up in battle bo chut lai cih lia he did not come out to wel-
great battle. ; ;
array. ka° cien; valorous, phwt cien; indom- come me. cih sin kua°; welcome a new offi-
itable. ci ia° teng si ci kui nang siang mia°-ke cial, cih sia" ci ; receive the imperial orders,
phah cien in this corps this is the one who is
; to jit cih tieh huang-siang
mong kai ci on ;
most skilled in warfare. kii cien used to ; tiiat day received the orders of the prime min-
war. kua mien-cien pai ; carry a flag of truce, ister, cih sin ; welcome the gods. kiii I6h
hia cien cu declare war
;
send a challenge, ; khu cih i kneel to receive him.
;
cih i kfti
cheng cien-kah ; wear armor, cien kau ki° su
tang ta"; took upon him his heavy burden,
Sa"; fought till the issue was decided, ciii cien; me"- me" kio i cih ; took it from him in haste.
a naval engagement. hueh cien ; a bloody
fight. m
cai ti-tiang cien ia°; do not know To fold, to double together; a
cih 64
which party was victorious. no n&ng cien ^ ,i| 11 fold ; a paper properly folded,
41
kau hek cai ; fought till both were exhausted, cih cua ; to fold paper. cih sa° kho to fold ;
kau-cien ; join in battle. tang meng-khi-ca up clothes, cih hd lio, than tit ; after folding,
kau-cien kau e-kiia fought from early morn- ciia tam cih-bua lio than
; straighten it again.
ing until afternoon. kau-cien m hiah ; m khui the paper being wet I could not open
;
co cien aid in the it out again after folding it up. cih lio tab
fighting pugnaciously. ;
fight. ce°-cien to quarrel. cien si ; died in

;
CO cek e; after folding them, put them together
ranged on in a cih u kai kak ; turn down a corner
battle, phi to cbang-ie° teng cien ; pile, ;
to makedog's ears, cili i tit fold it st raight. ; if you set it down too
forcibly it will break,
cih si-cia"; fold
it sqnarely. cih hun to crease ; sek cih break by throwing.
;
koi cih easily ;
by folding. cih cek cQe hun make a crease, ; broken. m

h<5 ut cih; do not break it in the
pell cih ; paper used for official documents. attempt to shape it. chiu ki pun huang chue
cih the limb of the tree was broken off by the
;
-jjC»
cih 64 To compensate ;
to make wind. pe" cih broke it by catching hold on
;
J/ 1 40 4 amends for. it.

puah cih chiu-kut; fell and broke his arm.
kau cih
pay ninety per cent. ;
cih co kiii thiam cih chiig-kha broke the leg of the table
;
sia ? What
percentage will he pay in com- by kicking against it. bai cih i"-kha broke ;
pensation ? cih CO ci"; to compensate in the leg of the chair by tipping backward in it.
money. cih ciah to compensate for food ;
ci° cih be-f"; broke the high bench
by crowding
which was due. cok ke, bo khau, bo cih ; upon it. CO cih pho-pang broke the bed by ;
exactly at cost price. sitting on it. ci ki e" thoi" tieh ai° cih tii'
cih ;
this beam looks as if it were about to
cih 135 The tongue. break. nang-mueh khah coi pang-kie kia"
:^^ 749 cih than the tongue. cih cih there were too many people on the foot-
I t ; ;
biie the tip of the tongue,

; cih kun the root ; bridge and it broke. kia°-ui i cih, khieh
of the tongue. cih kun tau kiu ; tongue-tied, much lai ah if you fear it may break, get
;
toa cih to stammer or stutter.

;
chui cih m something and bind on it to strengthen it.
ho apt to speak evil.
;
chui cih kh6-cia°; CO khah kii ie-ciah-kut sng kau cih ; sitting
have a bad taste in my mouth. kua° hui too long makes back ache as if it would
my
khau cih to discuss politics and talk scandal,
;
break. uai cih kiah-kha; twisted his foot so
oh chui oh cih to mimic. chui cih mai° ;
as to break off the heels of his wooden clog,
khah kin do not be too eager to eat.;
kuah ko cih cie"; broke an oar in rowing with it,
cih to slit the tongue.
;
cih chun chut lai cuang cih toa broke the rudder by colliding
;
khut lia thoi"; put out your tongue that I may with something.
see it. lu kai chui peh khuah, lia thoi" lu kai
'
— cim —
cih cai-se"-Ie"; open your mouth wide so that I
can see the condition of your tongue. JBm, cim 68 To deliberate upon.
lang 16
lu raai" chap chui ^5t I 9 cim-ciak; to deliberate upon;
cih; to loll out the tongue.
to hold a consultation. lia ai" kio lu cim-
chap cih; do not you put in your gab. cih ke°; ciak kia" su; I wish to consult with you about
tongue ploughing; i.e. teaching. o-Ip kau tiak a matter. u kii tie ai" kio lu cim-ciak I
cih praising everything whether good or bad.
;
;
wish to speak a word with you about some-

a-no^-kia" kai cih nng, oh ue lo koi oh, ce
io u ni-lme cih-kun lo nge, fle cu oh oh thing, tang i lai cim-ciak wait till he comes ;
;
to talk the matter over. tang ua cim-ciak ho
children's tongues are flexible and they easily
lio cia" lai hue-hok lu; wait till I have
learn to speak, but when they become older thought
the matter over and then I will answer you.
their tongues become stiffer, and languages are
learned with greater difficulty. hiie-cih ; siang soi cim-ciak deliberate carefully upon,
;
bo cim bo ciak cu khu co went and did it

flames. thoi" hiie-cih chut lai ; I saw the
via ;
without consultation with any body.

flames coming out. thd sua-cih ; forms a
sand-spit, se" cih tai ; his tongue is coated.
^H
-^lyW
cim
991
147
cim -chui;
9 kiss on
To kiss.
the
cih snap in two. 64 To sunder; to
mouth. sie cim-chui kiss each other. cim
tJf 40 4 a cih to snap in two by ;
i cek kai chui
give him a kiss.
; cim
;
i k&i
bending between the hands. keh cih to pry ;
kih-kau kiss her on the cheek.
;
in two. au cih to wrench in two. thui ;
cih ; to sag down so as to break. kong cih •

cim 118
Admonition warning max-
to break by striking with a stick.
;
^Y^ ;
phah /tiKi lt> ims appeals to reform to

9 ; ;
cih kha-kut broke his leg by the blow. cih exhort.
;
pheng-iu-ke tieh siang cim-kui ;
CO no sa° ko broke into two or three pieces,
; friends must admonish each other. ci'a si
cih CO no kueh broke in two pieces, tah cih; ;
khng 61 kai liang cim these are good maxims ;
broken by being trodden upon. jun cai, a exhorting people to reformation.

boi cih it is very tough, T cannot break it
;
off, by bending it. ta" cih ; broken by having cim 75 A

pillow ; to lean upon ;
something fall upon

au, pang it. ci kA,i much 16 4
adjacent. cim-thau ; a pil-
khah toa lak ciu cih; this is decayed, so that low. tek cim-thau, hui cim-thau, phue cim-
th3,u, cha cira-thau, tin cfm-thAn ; bamboo, of faggot be used as a torch,

may khia ki cin
eartlien, leatliern, wooden and rattan pillows, khu cliie" lotake a torch to light the road,
;
sin hue ci'm-thau ; an embroidered pillow. ci cin-kia"; a small torch.

kai cira-tliS,a si jip mi° kai, ci kî cim-thftu si
tie" Ick-tau khak this pillow is stuffed with
;
cin 85 Narrows ;
a ford ; saliva.
cotton, and the other one with pea-pods, wn- 988 6 kwn cin to khau; guardhouses
ie" ci'm ; a double pillow, used by newly married at fords, se" cin ci kuah ; pi-oduces saliva and
couples, and called after the mandarin duck, alleviates thirst. cin-ek; saliva.
which is a pattern of conjugal fidelity. hi°-
cfm a pillow with an ear hole. Su cim kut cin 109
True; real; sincere; actual.
5
;
Js^
the occiput. ci'm pi" ue
cim-thdu cng ; sued on account of
; private talk. ko
what was
y^ 15 cin cu ; real pearls.
6 cin-cu
cin cia" ho ; really good,
buah sago flour.
;
learned by eavesdropping. cim thS,u sie"; a cin sim ; true hearted. iIi cai cin ke
;
do not
box pillow, fit t6 cim-thau lying on a pillow, ; know whether it is true or false. cin-sit ;
ua" ci'm bp iu ; sleep without anxiety. t&ng genuine. ta" cin-sit kai uo ; speak the truth,
cfm bedfellows.
;
sit ei'in disturbed rest, ; cin-sit k&i to-li ; true doctrines. cin jin ; a
caiig chiu khut i ci'm pillowed on his arm. ;
phantom of a man, is one who possesses
bo cfm-thau, cang chiu cim pillowless, and ;
divinity and can therefore become invisible,
lying with his head on his arm. cim tieh mih su to tieh jin
the c&i ; in earnest.
;
jin cin
end of one resting on the other, like a head on cin ; be in earnest in all things. cin-cin m
a pillow, sie cim; conterminous, cim in tieh; kham utterly unworthy.
;
lu cin hio lio m ;
cannot make thera lie end to end. cang ci you do not understand it at all. cng cin,
kai sua" co iu cim take this hill as a back-
; chak hin ; the booty discovers the thief. Iti
ground. cin »7i h<5 cai ; you are really very bad. ua
thdi" tieh cin ngia ; 1 consider it really
cim 85 To merge in ;
to imbue; to beautiful. i cin sieh ua ; he loves rae
989 7 soak, cin leb ui ke pe", cin pe" bo ieU

sincerely,
cim ciu ; to soak in spirits. cira thng k&i ; ui ; real medicine cures unreal diseases, but a
preserved in sugar. cim cim. si; si; khut ciii
real disease is incurable. hue cin, kc s!t ;
drowned. cim bit; merged in honey. bit unadulterated goods, at their actual cost. ta"
c\m sweetmeats
;
made by merging fruit; in cin kai a ta" ke kai ? Does he speak truly or
lioney. cim kau thang-thang soak till it is thin cin ; to make correct. cin
fal.sely ?
;
thoroughly saturated, cim iTi thang it is not ; kim put pha" hue, lien kii ia sio-sih ; true gold
soaked through. cim ling; soak in order to does not fear the fire, but if it is kept long in
soften. cim kan lok-lok soak it till it is wet ;
the crucible it will lose a little. lia cin
through. cira i liang merge it in water to ;
sim cin i kio lu ta"; I tell you the unfeigned
cool it. cim i phd soak it till it swells out.
;
truth. ciu pii-si m
pha" ke hiie-sie"; true
cim soi kau cheng-khih soak and wash it ;
charity does not dread a false priest. 6i plen
clean. chi'a" pang hu tdi cim put it in there ; cin ngui can distinguish between sincerity
;
to soak. cim kau chut g6 soak it till it ;

and hypocrisy, cin chai, sit lio ; real talent is
sprouts. pun ciii cim te° khu dissolved by ;
real wealth. cin thp put tui ; a tme womb
the water in which it was submerged. cim does not miscarry. jii thoi" jii cin ; the
thang-iu kai in ui ciii what has been saturated; more you examine it the more genuine it ap-
with wood oil is not injured by water. cim khau-chii cin chai; look for real
pears,
cia" ap jit ciii cia" tho after standing about
c ;
talent. mang kau ne cin-cin the dream ;
ten days the waters subsided. ch&ng-hiig seemed very real. hun-piet cin ke ; discrim-
pun ciii cira tlo khu ; the crops have been inate between true and false. ke kau ne
destroyed by being inui^dated. toa cui cim to cin-cin so perfectly imitated as to appear
;
nfing kai chii the high water is inundating

;
genuine.
people's houses. cim jun ;
to toughen by
soaking. 64 To stimulate to excite.
cin ;
— cin — ~T cin-cak to encourage.

18 ;
a- M
» » ^ si kheng cin-cak cu u eng if you were willing
;
,
140 Torches faggots. to incite them it would be of use. tai cin ke

^Sc, cin ;
y^/X ^06 13 cha cin firewood. khng ; sia"; his great energy has made his family
eSk pe cin t6 ko have a bundle of faggots
;
famous. 6i cin si-hai ; he is one who can
laid away, ci khi cin si hd liam hue this sort ;
arouse the whole country.
cin 154 To bestow alms. ua cia" tah cin mng ciu th6i"-ki"; I saw it as
18 7~ cfn-ci; to relieve distress, soon as I entered the door. khu mdng ko cin
citi-ci bestow charity on the famine hie"; go to a certain place to worship with
ki-hng ;
contribnte money to great parade. cin-sfl Doctor of Civil Law.

stricken. toi ci" ci'n-ci ;
;
be bestowed on the needy, cin-ci phin-khiong kui cin ? How many divisions deep
ci koi" chii
is this house ? cin kia°;
kai nang give alms to the poor.
;
go to the capital,
kia" cin kia° thp; advancing and retreating.
^|=» cfu 173 To shake and qniver.
j^j^ 18 7 ti ci'n ;
an earthquake. cln Xi^ cin 120
sort of light red or carna*A
ui lui ;
rattles like thunder. phau sia° cin 0*^ 990
tion silk, 10
cannon shake the heavens. cin-sin ; the government red-book in which is
thi"; rattling
recorded the names of the gentry and officials,
cin 140 To recommend ;
to introdnce;
bun bii cin-sin; an official list of all the officers,
97^ ^^ ^° ^^^ forth; to offer oblations, both and military.
/rt»s/ civil boi pang cin-sin lî
cin CO to worship ancestors,
;
si'a
huang cin-cu thdi"; buy the red-book and examine it.
khut i gave him a letter of introduction. cii\
;
gaa natig; bring forward worthy

men. thph 3e cin 108 To exhaust; to finish entirely;
with the pre-
nang cm cek kia° su entrust one ; Jlllk 989 9 to use all; the utmost degree;
sentation of some matter. lu u thp-thang kai nothing left ;
the extreme.
nang, cxii cek kai khut ua eng recommend a ;
cin lia kai sim ;
with all ray heart. ke-ch§,i
laborer from among yours, for my service, ka- phua cin ; spent all his
nang patrimony. cin
ki cu cin; to recommend one's self. c\n kai ni- lak, kong do to the utmost of
theug thi" ;
pe"; recommend
senf khu ui i kai a physician your strength, and leave the rest to the mercy
who can cure his disease. in-c\n ;
to set forth ;
of heaven. cin ceh ; fulfill your whole duty,
to recommend; to present, si nang ku-cin kai; cu-cin ;
to put an end to one's .self; to commit
is one who was nominated. suicide. i kai cU-ein si si cin cak si kS,i his ;
suicide was a martyrdom. cu put cin ng3,a,

fiW-I^ cin 62 "War to fight with numbers.
cin l; written words do not exhaust
;
ciah cxn-hiang, a ciah be-

45 12 i si
ngan put
^pXt the language, and language does not express
a ciah siu-hiang ? Does he live upon pay
hiang, all ideas. cek ngsln lang cin ; it cannot all be
as a foot soldier who goes out to fight, or as a told in a word. ta" cin ; it is inexpressible, m
mounted trooper, or as a member of a garrison? lu cin cheng
bp khiong cin inexhaustible. ;
^Jfh To advance to make pro-

cin 162 ;
cai you are extremely kind.
;
kau ci kp si
1P^
__ ~8~
8 990
gress to bring forward; ihe ;
cin than kai ui-chu this is the extreme limit. ;
divisions of a house having separate entrances. thS,i kau cin slew them all. ;
cin sim cin i;
kia° cin kiii po advance a few steps. ;
cin jip to the utmost of one's ability. cin si ciii ;
hu lai went in there.

;
cin thp li'ang lang ; to nothing but water anywhere. c§k mang pha
advance or retreat is equally difficult. kau cin ; took them all at one haul. khu kau cin
ci-ko lai put ciu put tho from this point we ;
biie kp ; went to the extreme end. lia cin ua
could neither advance nor reti'eat. cin kua kai lak lai cp ; I will do to the utmost of my
c6i° lai come forward.
;
kia" cin c6i° ce pro- ;
power. u si m-h(5 cin sai, G lak hp cin m
i co mih su ka° cin coi"; in
gress somewhat. eng one should not use all his influence, nor
;
whatever he does he exerts himself. in-cin ;

expend all his strength. cin tong pp kok ;
to bring to notice. chp-thau-e cin p6 the ; serve the state with the utmost faithfulness,
first step in advance, kau au ciang-cin cu po- eng cin, ciah cin use up all one has. tng cin
;
tap i when he afterward

;
attained promotion cieh cin to mortgage all one possesses,
;
thoi"
he recompensed him. i to bus
ci'ang-cin kai cin jieh coi DS,ng, thia" cin jieh coi ue ? How
si-hau si siu kue i kS,i un-hui ; before he had many people do you thoroughly understand,
been promoted, he had received great kind- and how many subjects do you perfectly com-
ness from him. iu ci kia" su cin sin ; it prehend ? ngo cin, cap lio has nothing at all ;
was in this way that he advanced himself, left. u hok mai" cin hiang bliss should not ;
cin kbng to bring tribute, rniii" ni to tieh

;
lfi.i be enjoyed to the uttermost.
cin kong must bring annual tribute.
;
I4i cin
— cio —
kbng u jieh coi loi-mueh ? How much tribute
has been brought ? lai cin kong kai u jieh coi -t^^ cio 64 To let people know ;
to own
kok ? How many are there of the tributary ^M
m
31 y to; to wait on.
states ? i lun-kim rri kheng lai cin-kong lio; i
kheng cio-jin ;
he is unwilling to own
they are no longer willing to remain tributary. to it. c6k p6i° li ce phah ciu cio, cSk poi"
68 DICTIONARY OP THE SWATOW DIALECT.
li si r7i kheiig cio

phab one party owned ; cio; blackbirds. ; martins. pue cio ;
i"-cio
it on being beaten, tbe other party would birds. khim cio the feathered tribes.
; cio
not own it though beaten to death. cio-io tau ; a bird's nest. cio-laiig a bird cage, ;
min njng cu oio cl'i cio; to keep birds. i chi ciah

cuang-pliien to beguile. ;
; phu-iong
confessed it unque.stioned. cio chai ia; the cio; she keeps a canary. phab cio ; to shoot
god of weath. cio-ke m cu ; unequal to resist, birds; to fight birds. pliah pue cio ;
to slioot
cio-hu to wait upon. khut phab seng cio ;
a bird on tlie wing. (oh cio khue fortunes ;
;
criminate one's self falsely because of being told by trained birds. cio-biie; a stool-
beaten. pigeon, loh vio kuang ka cio ; to train bird.s
in a bird pen. cio hiah to hu-kp; birds
H'^^ cio 130 Imaginary organs or passages perch there. cio (6 phiih sit; the bird is
f}^^ 970 12 which are supposed to encircle flapping his wings. cio (p ph6h the bird is ;
the cavities of tbe thorax and abdomen, and soaring. cio ka" ki chlu ki the bird has a ;
connect tbe viscera. Chinese physiologists twig in its bill. cio t<5 Ipli slm-rn6eh ? What
have used them as a convenient force to ex- is the bird pecking at? cio 1(5 pii kia"; the
of digestion and thi cio to catch
plain the obscure operations bird is covering its young. ;
secretion, and say they have no form. birds with bird lime. cio gu in(roherent ;
cle° cio, tong cio, e cio, kie-co sani cio; the chatter. cio td ci i k&i mp°; the bird is oiling
upper, middle, and lower portions of the body its feathers.
between tbe heart and the groin, are thus called.
*j^Q cio
32
74
8
Suddenly early
cek cio in
;
a trice.
morning.;
cek cio
m
^\\\
to look after.
r\o
35
86
9
cio-kii
To regard
to regard; to patronize;
cio-kii ;
kkn ; did not take

;
m
to care for.
•^'3 ;
ce pii-kuigrew suddenly rich.

; m§ng-cio ; sufficient care of her. cio-kwn ; to oversee.
to-morrow morning; by and by. a-no CIO cU go according to the written direct irjns.
;
sam cio B6i-Sk infants are bathed on the ; m CIO cu; go contrary to the book. chwn iIi
third day. cio cu ; wholly unprecedented.
tpTj cio 72 Luminous ;

to show forth. "^TtT c\o 149 To announce.
|f|j 31 5 ceng mak cio-cio; every eye PPl 35 kau thi' e; proclaim
6 CIO
beheld it. thi" li cio ciang heaven's laws
;
throughout the earth. h6ng cio; received the
are evident. cio kun than cio kun ui ; a ; antiouncement. hang-lim i" thSi cio; an
fillet worn by Chinese women. officer in the National Academy.
To cut fuel.
cio 76 cio-li Lictors criers in a cortege;
4j^ ztdU^ H-| ;
^mue cio-hu; a woodman.

971 12
si pak ^>5> -~j^ 524 attend-
underlings
who accompany
;
official
Qe, cp hA, cio, ke°, mok; paint four scrolls ants; runners, the retinue of
representing a fisherman, a woodcutter, a plow- an official. sang poi" kai cio-li ia; the
man, and a shepherd. attendant images standing on either side of
an idol.
A^ cio 86
cha cio; fried brown, cha
Browned; singed; scorched.
do 61 Ardent earnest vehement.
^>»> 970 8 ; ;
kau cio-cio fried very brown.

;
sim cio ; 661 5 ci hiie to cio-cio-kie,
lS,i boi
greatly distressed. chiii cio-chau the mouth ;
khu li
pat pu; am now and full of this affair,
parched. an-leng cio-chau the throat hot ; cannot go and attend to any thing else. sim
and dry. mai" cio-chau do not be vexed,
lii ; clo-cio-kie, boi tit ci kia" su me''-me° li kau
aim la,i cio-chau anxious and v?orried.; seng have my mind engrossed in it, and am
;
eager to bring this matter to a speedy consum-

cio 196 Birds. mation.
I^Jl
fii^ 632 cio bo, cio kak, cio kia";
the mother bird, the male bird, and tbe bird-
— cioh —
lings, hun-cio ; a dove, kheb-cio ; a magpie. cioh 172 Small birds.
inua"-ciah cio a sparrow. ku-ku cio ; the
; 997cioh me"; unable to see after
3
wood pigeon. teng-hie" cio; the clove bird, nightfall, a condition which is supposed to
plm-iong lio a canary. ngio-thau cio an
; ;
cause tbe birds to go to roost at dark. koi-
owl. hu-teng cio; cormorants. lio-eng-p6 cioh-rae°; night blindness. ciob-me", kau jit-
cio hawks.
; lio-kp cio a minor, a small ;
ce am cu cn^ kai thoi" m ki"; those who are
black bird that can be taught to talk, piin-ce nisjfht blind are unable to see at all after dark.
— ciok — mSng; make netting, cit raSng sa"; to make a

193 To sell.
ciok netted jacket. cit cjIu kek ; the officer who
^^ attends to the procuring of silk and porcelain
fz^ 1140 12 boi kua", ciok ciak fo sell ;
for the palace.
office and trade in titles. ca tiang-si kai boi
kua" ciok ciak si kurig-cbln bue ain-ce° cp kai
BU ta° boi kna" ciok ciak co-iii cliio-tb6ng
:
in§iig-peh kia° cliut lai ? The sale of offices and

titles was formerly carried on secretly by cor-
m
a fat bream.
984
cit 195
9
A
cit
khie
bream or perch.
hu perch, toa ;
cit liu kai lio-biit tieh loh

cit bd;
kau-kau ;
must put in plenty of the dressing
rupt noblemen: how is it that it is now done that is to go with the percii. ang sie cit-hu ;
openly by the government ? a roasted bream, u nang khIeh cit-hu khu p^

— cip — ka''-iia cap, bue cap; some people cook perch in
32 To hold fast to maintain olive juice or plum juice. cit-hu 6i khui ui ;
nfe-lf cip ; ;
TP^V 67 T to retain. perch aids digestion.

cip i ai" kla"
persisted in so doing,
; cip kin ; cit 104 Sicknes.s disorders.
;
hold fast to.lu raai" cip lu kai i do not ;
983 5 cit pe"; disease, thia" cit ;
obstinately maintain your own opinion, buam
painful ailments. jiam cit ; to infect. cit
su m lip cip it; in all things one should be sok ; kip cit ;
in great haste.
open to conviction. kii-cip pertinacious, ;
cip-au ; obstinate. cip huap abide by the ; cit 38 Envy.

rule. kak cip cek goi ; let each keep to his 984 10
cit-kb jealousy. ci kai ;
own trade. lu cip ci kai cheng-li, i li cip hu nang cil-ko cSi; this person is of a very jealous
kai cheng-li you hold to this view of the
; disposition.
case, and he
to that. kak cip cek i ; each
retained his own opinion. kak nang cip kak ^^ ytfp^
»*i^ yy^
cit-li
984
Gorse ; furze.
nang kai \ each held to his own notion.

;
cip peh cit-li ; gorse, used in
BU; manager or trustee. medicine. thih cit-li iron caltrops used in
pai cip su appoint ; ;
lia ka lu cip pit kai huap cak I war. cit-li ci; gorse seed.
managers. ;
teach you how to hold the pen.

father's equal in age.
pe cip; a — ciu —
^C| ciu 162 Around
; throughout.
cip 64 A paper properly folded, as ^^LmL 48 8 ciu-ui around. si ciu-ui ; ;
41 11 an official document, all around, ciu-ui jieh khuah ? How spacious

are the surroundings ? ciu ni all the year
cip-cu; a document; an authoritative permit; a ;
license, or order, issued by government, khieh round, i ciu si

nang cie°-se"; he has been like
that all his life, ciu sin all over the body.
cip-cu lai ki"; brought a document for the ;
government, and had an audience. nin kS,i

toa" khui lio, cp-ni in hu. ua kai ciu To make a circuit; to envi-
30
cip-cu ? Why
47 ron enough,5
is it that
your draft does not correspond with ;
ciu-bak; closely environed. ciu-swn ; to

my letter of credit ? gua khau kau-kwn to si
make a circuit, as winds do.
eng cip-cu in foreign trade bills of exchange
;
chwn bo ciu-
are always used.
swn ; wholly lacking in cordiality. ciu chio ;
a dynasty, which lasted from B.C. 1022 to 255.
172 To collect to flock together. ciu cliwii to carry a ciu cai
cip ;
; thing through.
985 si su universal knowledge of affairs. kwn-
4 cip coi ;
to gather in one ;
thai naiig-kheh m ciu-tau fail to treat a

place, cu-cip ; to congregate, ceng nang coi- guest ;
cip ; all are assembled. properly. mih su cp kau ciu-tau cSi does ;
— cit — all
things in a very complete style.
tau-tau very complete throughout.
cin-ciu
^ cit 130 A ridge.

;
986 6 elm cit the elevated ridge ciu The ball of the eye.
109
B^
;
of a roof, liam hue teh cit ;

an ornamental W 993
8 m^k-ciu ; the eyeball, mak-
ridge in stucco. sua" cit teng; a ridge of ciu thia"; has sore eyes.
mak-ciu-jin the ;
hills, tang cit ;

the roof-tree. pupil of the eye. ai" chue, mak-ciu m tieh
thoi"! Do you expect
to find it without looking !
V5ui cit 190 To weave ;

to manufacture. lu kaimak-ciu bp thoi" lo, cp mai" puah tieh ;
H^bKi 70 12 cit p6 to make cloth. cit if you do not look where
;
you are going, you
hue cbau ;
to weave flowered fabrics. cit caimot do otherwise than fall down.
CO DICTIONARY Of THE SWATOW DIALICCT,
b6 mak b6 cia ; eyeless. 16 kai noak-ciu rf kai; you can take much wine without becom-
che°-rne"; your eyes are good for nothing,
cie" ing intoxicated: change your cup for *a larger
t6a kai, ruak-ciu ciu hiio At your age, yoar ! one. bo inih chai, ciu tieh ciah ke no pue;
is it i mak-ciu leng cfti since there are not many side dishes, you must
siglit is poor,
! ;
he is nmk-ciu siap take a couple of cups more of wine. lia boi

very sharp-sighted. ;
mak-ciu kok-kok kira ; the eyes glar- ciah ciu, ciah lio ai" hwt ciu radh I cannot ;
sleepy,
raak-eiu kini-kim with eyes wide open, take wine, if I do 1 have the eruption on tho
ing, ;
mak-ciu bie-bie ; sqaint eyed. skin that is produced by wine. ho ciu hd

chai kwn-th&ii; entertained him with choice
47 ciu A
politic-al district, ranking viands. to u jieh c6i ciah ciu siah ? For how
8 next to a prefecture a region,
48 ;
many guests were plates laid ? sie ciu ; sara-
tie ciu hu the Department of the Tides, the
;
shew arrack,
; ang ciu red wines. peh cia ; ;
name of the region in which Swatow is situat- white wines. tang-cj Ifin ang ciu the red ;
ed, ti-ciu a district magistrate of the higher

;
wine of winter. kau-lien ciu; strong drink ;
ciu-th6ng deputy magistrate. tok wine made from sorghum. kek ciu makes
grade. ; ;
kiok ciu ; governing a single district. wine, cut-biciu; liquor made from glutinous
rice. ciah ciu ciii tipsy. kua° ciu hong ; ;
ciu 116 Thickset; denne; crowded. maudlin drunk. phah ciu biie the jollity at ;
^PJ 5l 8 n^ng in ciu-bAk the popula- ;

the end of the feast. khut nftng chia" ciah
tion is dense. chu-thua ciu-bak the houses ; sin-nie ciu invited to a wedding feast.
;
ciu
are crowded close together. ciah kau sam-tong-hne; drank till boozy, ciu
ni; malt. phii-th6cia; wine made from grapes.
ftnT* jVt* ciu-kang A river transport boat,
ciu thu; a drunkard. ci kiii kai nang-kheh
3_L TTj 189 with a high prow,
long-cong ciu kha ; these guests are all old
lin ko cek ciah ciu-kang-kfa°, cia" cftp kfii wine drinkers. un ciu; heat wine by placing
nguu ;
we hired a small transport boat for ten
chaff around the wine jars in order to make the
dollars. ciu-kang-kia° phi" li p6 I'o dih ; the wine ferment, ciu sck cu thu ; a wine-bibber.
cheapness of a transport boat makes up for
its narrowness.
•^rv^ ciu 9_
To scold ; to blackguard.
\f^ 963 18 cin-me"; to abuse or rail at.
ciu 9
at to regard. To look ; ciu kku i 1)6 ko hd ; reviled her so that she
972
ciu 9 m
chiii ; gave the cut m knew not what to do. me" ang cia kiu";
direct. chwn b6 ciu-chai ; took no notice berate one's husband and children.
whatever of it. bo nang ciu b6 n&ng chai ;
no one gave the least attention to it. put ciu wO ciu 30 To curse ;
to imprecate ;
in-
put chai ; paid no heed to it. fy^ 49 cantations.

5
ciu-cua ;
to swear. i ciu kau
i b6 ko hd he ;
ciu 85 An islet, small enough to be swore at her till she had no peace. liam ciu ;
48 6 seen at one glance, recite incantations. than ue hu, than llam
pliu-cii kai ciu-hng ; a floating islet, sua ciu ; ciu drawing written spells, while reciting
;
a sandy islet. incantations.
ciu 154 To bestow. "rtV- ciu To go towards; to come near in

48
'RJ48 8 ciu-ci ; to relieve the poor by îJfU 999
9 point of time; then; forthwith,
benefactions, ciu kip; relieve pressing distress. ciang kbi ciu koi ; to meet one scheme with
another. ciu lai, ciu kliu; went almost as
ciu 164 Wine spirits
; ; liquors. soon as he came. cia thoi" ki" khut ; just m
999 8 boi efu ; to cfu to ;
sell now missed it. ffi hd
ciang ciu ; this will not
liquors. ko ci'u ; buy a little wine, ciu pia°; do at all. ciu ti chii nie; comes to that place
brewer's yeast. pour the wine into sai cfu ;
to obtain supplies. lia ciu si cie''-se° ta"; that
the wine cups. un ciu heat wine as for ;
was what I said at the time. u cie"-se° ciu
drinking. thi"-si chin, cm tieh un sie ce m :
sng si lio ; if that is the case, there is nothing
pi juah thi"-si cp chin ci'u to hd ciah; the more to be done. cie°-se" ciu hd ; that is all
weather being cold the wine must be heated right. ciu-si cu ai°; want it immediately,
more it is not as it is in hot weather, when
:
seng-cin ;
to bring about. cie°-se° cu oi tit
one may take his wine cold. cia ciu sJ ka-kl seng-ciu; thus it may be brought to pass, si i
s&\\ kai this liquor is of our own distilling.
: lai ciu ua, m si lia khu ciu i
;
it is for him to
lu kai ciu liang io kau, ua" kai ciu-ceng io t5a come to me, not for me to go to him.
DICTIONARY OF THB SWATOW DULECT. 61
— cng —
cng
117
11
112 Bricks
thick tiles.
fiiUg cng ; red bricks.
;
clie"
M cng
56
kha-cng-thau
167
4 the
The
toes,
thak tieh kha-cng-thau; stubbed his toe. kha-
toes.
;
dig gray bricks.

; sie cng kai te a brick- ;
cng-kah the toe nails.
;
kha-cng-thau kong ;
kiln, ci koi" elm tbo e ai" the big toe.

pho cng a iTi ? Are kha-cng-kia"; the smaller toes.
you going to lay a brick floor in this house ?
î" pho siiu-raih
cng? What sort of brick are ^^^^ cng 32 To bury with decorum; to
you going to use in paving ? lu kai chie" ai" -""a 949 10 inter a corpse,
kih cng a ai" ceng hue ? Are you going to make mai-cng; to bury. sang cng; to carry to the
your wall of bricks or of chunam ? grave. kSu cng to inter with all the ;
para-
phernalia complete. ci'
kp ti si cng kua"-
154 bak a rf cng hue-kim ? Do the
cngBooty ; spoils plunder ; ; people here inter
949 in coffins or in urns ?
stolen goods, 6 ai"
cng chim a ai" cug
khi cng recover the booty.
; liah chak ciu chien ? Do you wish the grave to be deep or
cng; when you catch the thief you are near the shallow ? chien khu pat kp ciig remove for ;
stolen goods. u jieh coi How interment in another grave. sin cng kai
cng-kia"?
much booty is there ? khui cek tie" cng-toa"; phun a newly made grave.
; ci khau
phQn si
gave a receipt for the booty. co ti, pun cng ;
hap cng kai this grave is one in which two
;
stay by the stuff and get a share of the spoils, people are buried. mang si cng bp ui if you ;
kua" m tham cng the officials do not covet the are long iu dying there will be no
;
place in
spoils. go boi chak cng buy stolen goods ;
which to bury you.
unwittingly.
cng 167 An awl a borer to punch ; ; ;
53 A store; a depot; a farmstead. 1026 19

,, to bore,
tV" cng ,
/ZLl 112 3 cng-kia"; an awl a gimlet. phah ki ho kai

])6 cng; a cloth warehouse,
;
hie" cng a farmstead. cng-kia"; make a good awl. ki cng-ki'a"

;
cng teng men who ;
cieh lia kap cu-cheh ; lend
work on a farm. cng kheh hired men in ;
to u.se in me an awl
a de'pot. ci" cng a mercantile house a ;
binding books. cug kai khang, toa-toa kai ;
;
depot from which money is issued. ke punched a very large hole in it. eng keng-
cng; hun cia" ciig tit Iph ; take an
hamlets. auger having a
string to turn it by, and then you can bore
cng 145 A package to pack. khu
It. h'o
;
cng sie-lin-thang ; bored it clear
113 7 cng cek kheng cek kheng through, cng 6i-t6i ; make holes with an awl
in the soles of shoes.
pack them basket by basket. boi ngwn cng
kai buy them in the
;
original packages. cng 11 The whole
kau hp-hp cia" ta° Iph cun when ; entire.
they are all ;
J±L 1013 4
properly packed, carry them to the boat. cng kai hp they are all
^
;
ke to si ci cek cng hiie, ji good ones. lia cng kai rli cai I am wholly
tp-ui boi i ci'e ci", boi ;
lia ke ci"? The

goods we both have are from
ignorant concerning tlem. cng kai rn pa"t M
ci kia
the same bale, so su; you know nothing about this mat-
why do you sell them to him ter.
for less than you sell them to me ? cng kai cp cek-e khieh lai bring the ;
whole of them at once,
cng kai khut lu give ;
119 The you the whole of them, lia thoi" tieh cno- kai
cng attire ; the toilet. bo eng I consider it
113
6
;
wholly useless, cnt^ko •
cng liam;ke cng; a bride's the whole

trousseau, siu cng ; make the toilet, lump. cng ki"; the whole bi^nch!
siu cng
lau ; a boudoir up stairs. cng tio the whole strip.
;
cng hu the entire
cng sek glossed ; set.
cng png the entire volume, ciicr pang
;
over, cng chu ; dressing place, toa" siu cng ;

; •
dowdy looking.
the entire
company, m c6i cng inco°mplete.' ;
pe bp coi cng both parents are living.

; cno-
ke nang; an unbroken °
4^
l^R 67
cng 64
6
The
cng-thau-kong; the thumb,
fingers.
family.
^
chau cng- than cng 30 To feed as insects do.
httle finger.
the fingers, ;biie cng kia" the
tok tlo chiu-cng-thau
chop off
;
«i 112
^12
h6-sin iq cng the
fly is feed- ;
the fingers, in
;
ing. ciah-tu tieh siu
cng-thû bo to seal by an im- ^ cheng-khih, cia" bo bun
;
iaicng; the food safe must be
print of the thumb. tlien it
cng kah finger nails, ; wiU not attract the small flies. cleaned,
cng-kah hue the balsam flower.
;
hia \6
" cncr lio
thang 5 the ants are eating a worm.
gu^ngk
tleh khieh-khi mai° kliut hia lai cng ; the beef father. c6 ble ; ancestral temple. co sd ;
must be put away so that the ants will not ancestral hall. cd nglap ; family estate. c6
get at it. ti; family inheritance in land. c6 thwn kai; an
70 To eddy, to whirl
heirloom. tang cd thwn loh lai kai; inherited
cng ; cnrling.
from ancestors.
821 7 c'lii a whirlpool, laa seug cd kai nang seng nAng ;
ka-cflg ;
k&i cd ; become the head of a house or tribe.
kau liu-ko cu ka-ciig ;
the current there eddies,
ka kau kî cng chim-chim wheels round and ;
c5 187 Abrupt suddenly.
round forming a deep whirlpool. hfa ctii ;
the water there

9(32 c6-jien i7» k\" khu ; suddenly
14
16ng-cdng ka-cng ka-cug ;
swirls round and round, i kai mo" ka-ciig ka- missing, c6-jien cu loh ho ; suddenly began
to min. put-leng c6-jien cQ 6i kai; it is not
cng; her hair hangs in ringlets, thau-khak kai
a thing that can bo done suddenly. m-h<5 c6 ;
m6° kai cug ksii cng; his hair lays in curls all
do not be abrupt about it.
over his head. hu kai cng fo chiia, ci kili ciig
io cia"; that carl is askew, this one is in place. — cbi —
^ 94
4
cng
114
A
complaint; an accnsation.
ko-ciig; to indict; to accuse,
sia cng write out an accusation.
; cng-sii an ;
iwT
'r><J>
coi
944
120
11
used in weaving ; linen yarn,
ceh coi ; to splice fibers.
Fibers of various plants, used
in making cloth ; threads
coi kheng ; a basket
indictment. cng-su ; a lawyer. tlioi" i
kai cng-sA see what is the cause of complaint, u.sed for holding yarn. ceh pp-lo-mua" coi ;
;
cia" cng, hu ciig; the original copy and the splice the fibers of the leaf of the pineapple to
draft of an indictment. ko gu-ciig carry a ;
make thread for weaving. ceh tin coi to ;
case to the Throne through the Censorate. splice fibers of China grass. cJm coi ; soak
the fibers used in weaving. ciap coi ; join
threads, in coi wind linen thread. c6i mai"
m
;
CO 115 mueh
Rent; lease; rental. ju do not tangle the thread.
; c6i ceh
1007 6 ehii CO,
chang co, ph6 co; CO sua°; join the fibers so as to make thread for
the rent of a house, field, or shop. siu co;
sewing, ju se jii coi toh tit tit, jA nhng toh m
collect rents, siu kang co ;
collect rent due in tit ; you can pick out and
straighten tangled
collect rent due in
siu chang co
money. ;
yarn, but you cannot disentangle the snarls
produce. co ci°, co nguu money received as ; into which people get.
ti co ; ground rent.
rent. lap jiuh coi co ?
How much rent do you pay ? co koi° chu c6i 210 Uniform
; even ; all together;
lai tiu ; rent a house to live in. tieh Iftp tl 966 at once,
CO ground rent must be paid at stated times,
;
cek coi lai khu ; go in a body. bdi hue c6i ;
khiam co owes rent. ;
hfti" co; pay the rent, have not yet bought all that are required,
thd CO ; dun for rent. co siia"; lease one's sio-bak me"-me" siu c6i ; get the accounts to-
property, ceng co ; raise the rent, kiam co ; gether speedily. siu-sip kau c6i-c6i cia°-cia'';
diminish the rent. co kuah-pun pSt ii&ng very systematically done. theng cdi, cia"
siu transfer the rent to another person for
; lai;wait till you have the full complement and
collection. tieh u n&ng tam co; there must then come. ceng nang c6i-sia° tap-in all ;
be some one to guarantee the rent. soi" kue answered in concert. ceng nang c6i sim ; all
plio CO ; prepay the rent of the shop. ci koi° were of one mind. P*ng khu c6i ; did m
h&ug cek ni co jieh coi ci°? For how much per not set them down evenly. thiap c6i-c6i;
year is this warehouse rented ? hue co ; give place them evenly in piles, nin c6i-c6i lai thia";
a lease as security for a debt. come all together and listen. cek coi chut
lak ; put forth your strength simultaneously,
CO An ancestor.
113 le"- le" bdi kku coi ;
sort by sort, buy the full
1007
pai CO; worship ancestors,
5 ke complement. c6k c6i co cS lai ; bring the
CO ; one's ancestors. leng co your ancestors. ;
complete assortment at once.
CO pe grandfather.
; ceng co ; great grand-
father, ceng CO b(5 great grandmother, kau ;
j^^ coi 86 Much many ; ;
more.
CO gi'eat grandfather's father.
;
thai kau co ; :^^ 909 3 coi cS,i ; very many, coi-coi ;
great grandfather's grandfather. sf co ; the a great many. jieh coi ? How many ? cie"
founder of a familj'. soi° c6 ; my late grand- coi so many.
;
ii coi cie ; have more or less,
father, thai SI CO ; first emperor of a dynasty, lu mai" coi su do not be troublesome,
;
i khah
kong CO toa nang; Your Excellency, my grand- coi ue; she talks too much, mien hie" coi ;
that
is more than is needed. ci cek ie" tSng coi ; c6i" 18 To clip to pinch and break,
^{jT ;
this sort is much the heavier. ci kA,i ngia tit

j;?V 978 9 as between chopsticks,
coi ; this is much the prettier. toa hph coi ; cdi" cp kueh ; clip it in two. coi" c6 ka-
mui'h the hirger. lip coi much better, hia, ; a trig; clip it into several regular pieces. t3
fo ho how much better that is.
CO' ; pf hfa tin-tang ciu coi" Iph khu; clipped it in two in
tng coi much longer than tlât one.
; pi ca the middle.
jit juah coi much hotter than it was yester-
;
cuah coi to kp lacks a great deal, coi" 18 Before; in advance; the

day, ;
.-,
mien ta° hie'" coi it is unnecessary to say so ; |IJ 981 7 front,
much. nin jieh coi kai chui ? How many coi" S,u ;
before and behind. coi" jit; day be-
have you to provide food for ? cie° coi cong fore yesterday ; some time ago. toa coi" jit ;
kau this much is quite enough, nang-be coi;
;
the day before day before yesterday. c6i" kai
nang-mueh coi ; there are a great nutnber of gueh month before last.
;
c6i" ni year before ;
people there. nang coi, Qe coi where there ;

last ; in former years. the year toa coi" ni ;
are many people there is much talking. kim before year before last. chii coi"; in front of
ni se° 10 coi this year the produce has been
;
the house. coi" mng the front door, ; ning
considerable. ci kai ti-hng chnt siang coi ; c6i°; before the door. coi" Iph, 5u 16h the ;
this I'egion produces the greatest amount, hu front and rear buildings. coi" ang her for- ;
kai coi kue ci kai ; there is more of that mer husband. R6i" coi" kai bo his first wife. ;
than of this. siang teng coi the greatest ;

coi" kha, aa kha the one ahead, and the one
;
quantity. b6 coi nang, kng i pliu m ;

without in the rear, ho coi"; before the shower. c6i°
a great number of men it cannot be carried, n^ng kia"; a stepson. ngan coi"; just ahead,
cuah m
coi no great deficiency. ;
ciah ra ngan coi" u sim-mih su ? What immediate
coi; does not eat much. coi-coi to oi tit business have you ? mak coi" ii sim-mih h<5
h'o even a great quantity may be used up.
;
chu me ? What pleasant occupations have you
8e° kang coi ; brought forth great numbers. in the immediate future ? soi" coi"; aforetime,
l&i coi ni lio ;
came many years ago. kau ta° coi" lai formerly.
;
cie" coi"; press onward,
hph coi jit ;

it is now many days since, lu cie" hiang coi"; face your destination. gueh pua"
coi kai gueh t(5 co mih sii ? What have you coi" au hp kau may arrive about the middle
;
been doing these many months ? ne coi-coi ;

of the month, c6i"-cin to advance. kia" m ;
a very great number. coi kau sio m lio ; cin-coi"; makes no progress. thau min coi";
innumerable. coi kau sng m pat to khu so ;
ahead, i kia" thau-rain-coi"; he walks ahead,
many as to be countless. ci'-kp ju-keng coi

here they are still more numerous. ciu ce
;
— coih —
ciah khah coi, ue cu coi-coi ai° ta" ta"; when W.-H coih 85 To sop up.
too much liquor is taken one says much that J^% 1032 11 khieh kp p6 khu coih ta;
were better left unsaid. bp sim-mih coi ; no take a piece of cloth and sop it up dry, eng
great amount. mai° Iph khah coi ciii ; do not mi" khu coih kau ta-ta; take some raw cotton
put in too much water, lu mai" kha chi'u coi ; and sop it all up dry.
do not be meddlesome. mai" khah coi hvvn-
Ip do not be too sad.
;
cie"-se" io khua"-uah cioh 118 A
festival a period of time. ;
tit coi ;
thus it is much more comfortable. jii
974
coih khi; coih hau; stated
9
times. si coih; times; the terms,
coi jii hp the more the better.
;
coi sia ; poih coih;
many thanks. lu jieh coi hiie ? How old are the solstices, the equinoxes, and the beginnings
you ? coi-coi to hi"; want all there are, be it of the four seasons. cp coih kue coih to ; ;
never so many. keep holiday. coih koih ; the two or three
COl days succeeding a festival. ngvvn sio coih;

the 15th of the first month, called the feast of
-ftl c6i" 64 The fingers. lanterns. cheng-meng coili clear bright ;
IXm 57 6 chiu coi"; the fingers. kha weather; the time of worship at the graves of
coi"; the toes. koi coi"; ciah coi"; the fore ancestors, in the second or third month. ngo
finger. ciang coi"; ho-lai coi"; tang coi"; gueh coih; the fifth day of the fifth month, the
tin-tang coi"; the middle finger. bp mia" the festival of dragon boats. chit gueh piia"
coi"; the ring finger, soi coi"; the little finger, coih ; the middle of the seventh month, when
coi" kah finger nails. ;
chiu coi" cak ; offerings are made to the childless spirits,
finger joints. sa" coi" kS,u three fingers in ; tongchiu coih; the middle of the eighth month,
thickness. when the moon is worshipped. tang coih ;
the winter solstice, in the eleventh month, nl you noust be content. lu cie'-se" tieh cai
coih the annual festivals, toa coih; the great
;
cok you must be satisfied with that.
; Id
festivals. sang coih make holiday presents, ;
cie''-8e'' si in cai cok you are not content witii
;
coih loi the presents appropriate to the time ;

;
that. put cok tSu such people
ci kill natig ;
the compliments of the seasons. are not worth talking about. cok sio the ;
full account. hai° cok sio ; paid the bill in

c6ih 62 To cut off; to intercept; to full. siu kau cok-cok collected the entire ;
976 10 slice with a downward stroke amount. mua".cok quite full. cliong
;
of tlie knife ; slices. cok to fill full.

; ngun-cui cok the surplus ;
coih (p kueh ; cut in two. mai" c6ih tng; do weight of the coin is paid for in full. cok
not cut it off. c6 no sa" coih make two or ; ngiin ; coin in which there is no deficiency nor
three cuts of it. cie° c6ih e c6ih ; the upper deba.semont. cap-cok ; complete in all res-
portion and the under portion. c6ih lo chie°- pects. Dgun cfip-cok ;
the money is quite
kinp ; to waylay and plunder. coih cQ ;
sufficient. cok hp ; Buperezcellent.
ttip-ji
pin ci-ko coih ; cut it off from this cf kue tang siu cap-cok; this last
intercept. crop was a
point. coih co ku-a tug; cut it into several full one. i kai chai-cheng put cok lai
regular pieces. c6ih phion ; cut it in flakes, tng toa ceh-jim ; his ability is not sufficient
coih si cut it in shreds.
;
coih cek cak cek for a post of great responsibility. ui sue put
cak out it in sections.
;
ci ki to b6i lai, bo cok, ui Clang fl u ; not so much as is required
mih hd coih this knife is not sharp, and is not
;
for a commander-in-chief, but more than is
very good to cut with. coih nek, coih hA to ; required for a general. cf kla" ku put cok
slice meat or fish. h6".thau c6ih ; to guillotine. kiiai ; there is nothing very wonderful about
c6ih tio than to decapitate. c6ih ieli cut up
; ;
this. cok ccng ; unalloyed. cia siah si
drugs. cam coih ; chop up. c§k to c6ih ; cok-ceng k&i ; this pewter is without alloy.
one style of slicing. ai" coih sie tui ; slice Q cok, Q <i there is enough and more than
;
them so that the slice will be unbroken, mai" enough. jl-si cok ; many times more than is
coih li do not break the slices in the cutting.
;
needed.
cfam-c6ih; smoothly cut. ciam-ciam c6ih-c6ih;
concise and accurate. ue ta" lai ciam-c6ih cok 113 To supplicate the gods ; to
c8,i the language is terse and clear.
; ka 95 5 felicitate,
kau ciam-coih ciam-c6ih; cok hok invoke blessings, cok-bun; forms of

clean cut, with ;
prayer. cok sin kai ue ; the language of

shears.
prayer, tau cok to say prayers, cok siu ; to
— cok — ;
congratulate another upon his birthday. ble

cok ; an acolyte, or waiter in a temple. chfa"
cok 80 To commit to another's tl-tiang thak cok ; request some one to read
96 21
charge by request or in- prayers. kheng cok bwn siu bless with ;
junction ;
to enjoin upon. endless life.
cok-thoh i khu cp commission him to go and ;
do it. siu n^ng kai cok-thoh had a com- ;

X/p cok 9 To act to become. ;
mission from some one. si i boi cok chut I f* 1005 6 cok-kuai; cok-cong; to as-
l&i kai one who was suborned by him.
; ua sume an air of indifference ; to put on a
cp-ni ieng-leng cok-hu M, lu to bp thia"; no pompous manner ; to have an unusual air of
matter how often I reiterate the instructions superiority, i ciah khah pa cu cok-cong; if he
to you, you do not heed them. cai-sa° cok- has too much to eat he will become pompous,
tliph ; charged him repeatedly. i cie"-si cok-kuai cSi ; she assumes great
dignity lately.
cok 157 The foot sufficient fully.
t^
AImt 1014 chfu cok hands and feet.
;
;
;
70
c6k A family which traces its
hia°-ti si chiu cok brothers are to each other ;
1015
T^ descent from one ancestor,
as hand and foot. cok e Your Honor you, ; ;
cok pho a clan register.
;
cok tie"; the chief
sir. sit cok a false step. ka-ki cu cok he
; ;
of a tribe. cok lau ; the elders of a tribe,
is sufficient unto himself. cok eng enough ; cong-cok a clan. ; tang cok of the same ;
for the purpose. cok-cok chiie lu u piia" jit ;

tribe. hok im cek cok ; a benefactor of th e
I have been seeking you for fully half a day. whole tribe. hah c6k a united clan. hSm
;
cok-cok u cek peh nl'e tSng it is fully a ; cok ;

the whole clan. cok iSi ; belonging to
hundred taels in weight. lu tieh cai cok ;
the clan.
c6k 30 The sound made in calling cong 120 To comprehend in one;

,. , 825 6 a dog. IVllS 1023 IT altogether,
i 10 (ok-cok SI kho i bua-klm a si h^ni i khui- cong-tok the governor-general.
; c6ng-lf ;
khu ? In sounding tliat call to the dog, is he general supervision. cong nau"; including
setting him on, or calling him off? lu m tieh everything. c6ng pia°; a majoi'-general in
c6k-c6k-kie kho i lai ciah ? Why do you not command of a division. c6ng-kwn general ;
call the dog to come and get his food ? overseer. a-c6ng-kwn; head constable, long-
cdng the whole of them.
; c6ng ai'" lu hau"
— cong — tia"; all that is lacking is your consent, to tng
cong-thau ; acts as supervisor. cong koi fi
>y;A^ cong 120 All of the utmost extreme;
; jieli coi ? All being reckoned in, how many are
7\<^ 106 5 the end. there ? cong sng all counted. c^k c6ng G;
cong jit ;
all day long. cong me"; the whole jieh coi ? What is the sura total ? cek cdng to
cong-kii forever. cong-kii to is si all are of the same sort. choi° cong ; the
night. ; ; ;
eternal. cong-kii cie"-se"; it is always thus. lieutenant in a regiment, pa-cdng ; an ensign,

sf cong si cie°-se"; from beginning to end it is lu cong ai"; you altogether desire it. cie"-se°
the same. co su tieh n si ii cong in doing ; cong m
kia" in that way it does not move on
;
things there must be a beginning and an end. at all. cie"-se'' cong 6i tit seng; thus it may
cong sin kai tai su the greatest event in life,

; wholly succeed. lu c6ng hd you are all ;
(marriage). lim cong kai si-hau when near ; goodness, cong bua ; to sum up. cong cu, lu
his end. ni cong sue mo"; the end of the year. ai" a m
ai" ? All things being considered, do
Bien cong, bo sien cong; a happy or an unhappy you want it or not ? cdng-li kak kok su-bu ge-
end. cong su oi hp it will be well in the ; mng the general council for the administra-
;
end. lau-sit cong-kii cai the honest endures, ;

tion of foreign affairs. cdng mau"; gather
cong ni iTi pat th6i"-ki" i chie; have not seen up in one. cdng su ; the chief clerk in a
him laugh for a whole year. i cong jit sng ; yamun.
he plays all day.
cong 120 To wrongfully permit ;
to
40 A
whose clan a tribe 1022 11 let go; admitting that;
,
—^Z. cong ;
A|> 1021 5 members all have the same allowing that although. ;
surname and are descended from the same an- cbng-iong i indulge him. lu si cong-iong i
; ;
cestor, tang cong clansmen. cong chin

; ;
you connive at his doings. m hp ku-i cong-
kinsmen, cong cii; a lineal descendant, cong- long i cie"-se"; should not purposely connive at
cok toa thai-kp kali mi°-nua"; when the clan his doing thus. cong-jien si cie-se" lia ia m
becomes large there are always some in it who ui allowing it to be so, I am still unafraid,
;
are leprous, tai cong-su the ancestral hall of ;

cong-sai lu pue cie" thi", ua ia liali lu tit tieh ;
even though you fly into the heavens, I can
the clan. mong si kai cong-su the ancestral ;
still catch you.
temple of a certain family. cong-sai i cp khut- ciah lia
ia ngvvn ke i even if he were a beggar I
;
should still be willing to marry him. cong

cong 157 A vestige ;
a trace a clue. ;
kia" kia" hiong permit a child to do evil. ;ce
1023 11 vestiges, chak-
cong-ciah cong ciu khi khu ; as soon as it was let fly it
;
tlioi" i kai lai cong khu ciah inquii-e into his ; went up. cang sin ce cong ciu cie" lau teng
bo cong bp ciah ; chwn bp cong-ciah ;
;
doings, gave one spring and mounted to the upper

left no trace behind. floor.
cong 120 Perpendicular downward;

1022 11 a meridian line.
; to
' ' cong 2 To suit; to fit; to hit.
cong I 105 3 ci kia" mueh cu cong ua kai
hue"; up and down and across. cong hue" i; this thing just meets wishes.
my cia si i
thi" e up and down everywhere under heaven;
; siang cong 'i kai ; this accords perfectly with
wholly unrestricted. hah-cong ; to fall into his ideas.
line, to unite in concerted action. cu ho hue
hah-cong kio i cien all the princes joined in
fighting against him.
;
kak kok ce hah-cong

cu rli pha" i if all the states range themselves
;
under one banner and act in concert against

^ cong 60 A follower an attendant.
1024 8 8ui-c6ng attendants.
hun siu cong; makes no distinction between
put ;
;
chief and follower. cong sin an attendant ;
him there is nothing to fear. on the gods, cong-ok outhouses. ;

66 DICTIONAEY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
C(5 — blame. cp tit ; 5i cp tit ; 6i nia cp tit it will ;
do. m
cp tit it will not do.
;
khd T cp tit ; it
'-^-* CO 48 The left side ; depraved. will answer. toa m
cp tit; it will not do at
/ôn 1002 ~2 cd iu
the left hand. c<5 chiii
;
left and right. c<5
all. cp tit l&i it can be done. ; cp Ifii it m ;
p6i";
the left. c<5 ; cannot be done. mla°-ke cp nang has the art ;
kha ; the left foot. c6 inak the left eye. c(5 ;

of being popular. cJe°-se° le hd cp n^ng ; cie°-
BU ill sie"; thinking of this way and that way. se" le i7i-hd cO nftng I won't stand such treat-
!
c6 tail hok erroneous doctrines mislead-

ceug ; ment from him ! lu kfti mia° kie-cp sim
ing many. much ? What your name
cp n&ng-chOng ;
is ?
be obliging. lu khak-kho cp, cp kau hd-ld ;
KH c<? 1'^° impede, retard, or delay.
'ô
you persevere in doing it, and do it very nicely.
nOk 88 5 pat a stop to. c(5-keh ;
c(5-ci; c6 m
uia"; unaccomplished. cp tit cia ;
to to block the way. nua°- cp chin-cia°; effect a
hamper, cd-tkng; bring to completion.
cd istand in iiis way.
;
nfia°-t(S i niai" pre- ;
betrothal. c6 a bOe ? Is the betrothal accom-
vent his doing it. cd Iftng; everything work- Id ai" c6.ni cp ? What are
j'ou going
plished ?
do not you
ing against one. lu mki° lA,i mih su boi cp ; he can
c<5 lia ; to do about it ? i
come and hinder me. chia" cd ce please ; do nothing. nang lai cp chin hd me ? Let
delay a little. cd i ra cu cannot stop him. ; us be relatives, shall we ? lu khut lia cp kia*
c6-ni cd i to i7i khe'iig hiah whatever you do ; fo khah soi you are too young even to bo my
;
1)6 cd bo keh without hin-

he will not stop. ; child, cang cfa ciia cp cu-cheh phue; take this
cd boi cQ khu kku hu cang cu-
boi paper for the cover of the book.
drances, thi, tit-ttt i
ko; if there be no impediments we shall go cheh CO cfm-thau he uses a book for a pillow,
;
straight there. pun huang-ho cd-keh cia 6i lu hi" cang tl cek Ie° p6 c6 sa° ? Which kind of
cie° mang ; we are so late on account of being cloth will you take to make into a jacket?
hindered by the bad weather. kang-lftng to him as to a
pki i c6 sin-se"; pay respect
hfam cd; came near being prevented by the teacher. cp cin-se' pe-bd kwn-thai i treat ;
difiBculties in the way. them as if they were your real parents, i ham
lia c6 b6 kftj, ua in i c6 be i hkm lia cp gu kai, :
y^^ cd 75 The Chinese date. lia in i cp if he calls on me to act as horse,

gu ;
"^y^ 953 ¥
cd chiu ; the date tree. ftng I act as a horse to him if he calls on mo
:
to
cd red dates, o cd ; black dates, bit cd the ; servo as ox, I serve him as an ox. lu c6 Id
;
sweet date, toa cd the large date. sua' cd

; ; khu ; go you along.
wild dates. kie° cd dates preserved with ;
ginger. cd-ni-kp ; date paste, cd kua°; dried

/^ cb 61 Why? How? What?
dates, sin tiah kai cd ; freshly gatliered dates. iUi^ 948 5 si cp-ni ? What is the
matter ? m cai cp-ni ; do not know why. i
cd 9 To assist to second. cp-ni iTi lai ? Why does he not come ? lu cp-
Jt-j^ ;
|gC 1002 cd-cap-kua°; officers in a dis-

5 ni mkai ua ta° ? Why did you not tell me ?
trict magistrate's yaraun, under the grade of i kai pe" si (p-ni? What are his symptoms?
second deputy. i si kien chut khu cp cd-c&p ; si co-ni cia" tieh ? What should be done in the
he has purchased a position elsewhere in a case ? lu ai" cp-ni cp ? What are you going
district to do about" it ? i Q cp-ni ta" a b5 ? Did he
yamun.
say anything about it ? cp-ni ? Why cp ? ua
m
cp sa" kho
,
made of bamboo.
CO
1003 9
;
9
make
clothing,
To make
come;
si tek cp kai ; it is
ai° cp kirn a ai" cp ng^n ?
;
to do
to act
to effect; to be.
; ; to be- kd"? How dare I presume to do so ?
ka" cie"-se° ? How can you thus presume ? ^
ka° c6-ni ie°; dare not do any thing.
oi ? How can you ? cp boi ? not ?
lu cp
Id co
co Why
m
Do you wish it to be made of gold or of silver ? ra ? Why should you not ? cp m khu ? Why
hd cang siali cp ; you may make it of pewter. should you not go. hia cp hd ? How can
CO hd a bue ? Is it finished yet ? bue ceng that be advisable ?
cp have not yet made it. cp hd lio ; it is
;
completed. tiang-si ai° cp ? When are you ik^ CO ti-ough ; a manger.

75 A
going to do it ? lu td cp mih su ? What are Th be CO ; a horse's manger, tu
95''> 11
you doing ? cp kua° co hii to hold office. ;

CO a pig's trough.
; ngio cp a cat's basin, ;
CO kua" mai° to pui, cp pui siu nang khui ; if kiu CO; a dish in which a dog's food is placed,
koi c6 a dish for fowls' food. lau-bd cp ; an
you are an official do not be a petty one, for if ;
eaves trough.
you are you will be subject to everybody's
DICTIONAET OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 67
A scow a flatboat.
CO 137
kha raki" chng khi l&i when you sit down do ;
;
tho-co a mud ncow. kha-

955 11
not draw your feet up on your seat. cp k6
;
co a large flatboat. co ciali toa kha-co be stand as when playing leap frog.
;
c8 kfti
; ;
bnilt a large scow. cf ciah kha-c6 tak jieh

be cp kui" be stand with the legs far apart,
; ;
coi ci"? How much is this scow worth ? cp siah ; cp ciah sua" pang do
sit at table. ;
nothing but eat the mountain has fallen, till
îlt CO 162 To make to build to cp ul fills a station.

; cp toa ui sit in the ;
; ;
chief seat. bo cp ui not entitled to a seat,
^XF*. 954 7 fabricate ;
to compose,
;
bo ui-chu cp having no .seat. cp trig sit ia

sin kie CO lo repair bridges and make roads.
; ;
;
court. CO chio hold court. lu ai" cp pang
CO cek tio kie build a bridge. co cck ciu
;
;
ti-kp ? Where are you going to sit ? ua lai cp

kie; build a bridge having piers underneath.
ci ciah cun co jieli coi ngun ? What was the pang ci-kp I will sit here. ;
m hp cp pang
cost of building this ship ? co kai thah ;
hu-kp do not sit there.
;
u. 6i" lai cp
phueh ;
build a pagoda. co kai be-thau ; build a when you have leisure come and chat with me.
6i" tiang-si lai cp at leisure times come and
pier. CO hue-cun ; build steamboats. co ;
sit here. am-ce" lai cp secretly came for

bun-cu ; compose a dispatch. co sin-bun ;
edit a newspaper. cq cu ; compose books.

;
conversation with him. cie" kii to in pat lai M

co pho, CO cheh make records or lists. co CO it is long since you have been here,
; bp lu
;
]ki ci-kp cp will not permit you to come here

CO cek tio kua; compose a ballad. co kua, co ;
khek make songs. co cp cek chut hi ; to and sit. cp to tho-e ; sat on the ground, cp
;
co cek tio fie, co kau li ki u cek tui cek tui sat in groups, cp c§k liet cek
compose a play.
;
hieh fabricated a complete yarn. co ngan, liet ; sat in rows. cp cek tit cek tit sat in ;
;
straight lines. co kui" kha be-i" thoi" hi sat

CO gu a fabrication.
;
;
on a high bench looking at the play. cp toi°;

CO 122 To olfend; to give occasion sit on the throne. cp sien sit in Buddhistic ;
p
m ho
1016 8 for blame, meditation, cp i kai Qi superseded him. ;
tit CO nang do not give offense. tit cp
^
;
chit phi"; affronts almost everybody. cp 19 To succor ;

to aid ;
to add
5 90
strength to.
mJ^ CO 32 To sit down ;
sitting. pang-cp ; to aid. hu-cp; to assist. cp seng i
"I*, 1002 4 chia" CO ; please be seated, kai su aid in the accomplishment of his pur-
;
lu cp ;
lu chia" cp ;
do not rise pray keep your ;
pose, cp lu cek pi cu lak ; lend you a helping
seat. cp kii lio I have made a long stay.
;
hand. toa" sin, bo nang pang-cp alone with ;
CO ce ;
do not hasten
stay a little longei*. ta" ; no one to help hira. cp i kai ta"; strengthen
i" lai
cp bring a chair and sit down,
; co kau- his courage, li
thang cu-cp i, keng hp if you ;
1°; sit in a chair. co khang-chng sit on a ;

have the wherewitli to aid him it is well. lu
divan. cp chia go in a carriage. co kie ; ; m hp cp-c6ng kia"-ti cie°-se°; you should not
go in a sedan chair. cp cun ; go by boat, co thus indulge the children.
si-cia"; sit erect. bo ko hp cp have no place ;
to sit down,
cp tang hiang sai ; sit on the east A-j-^ cp 9 A coadjutor : a vice-.
facing the west, cp to tin-tang; sit in the mid- \UL. 1002 5 iiang-cp cu chai the talents ;
dle, cp to cek poi"; sit on one side, sim-mih of prime ministers, cp-cap-kua"; officers under
cp hiang ? Which way does it face ? tui-min the grade of second deputy in a district magis-
cp ;
sit opposite. cp cham-chuah ; sit nearly trates yamun. lai cp la to chiet-io; a helpmeet
opposite. tang cp, phueh ue sit chatting ;

is also of great importance.
together. cp loh tp-chiu p6i° u cek cang
chiu on the left there was a tree.
; cp kam ; H-j^ Co 94 cp-ng^n; the highest graduate
in prison. cp cue undergoing punishment, ; 7|/V 114 4 of the National Academy, the
hwn cp bring the crime on one's self, as a
; senior wrangler of the empire.
false accuser does. lu lai cp pang lia sin-pi°;
come and sit beside me. phwn thiii cp sit ^9 ^ -^ classifier of mountains,
;
\f\h
with the feet crossed, as Buddhist idols do. /~H. 1003 7 cities and large buildings; a
kh£a be cp sit astride, cp to kha-thau-u; sits
; seat. cek co sia°-ti a city. cek co thah ; a ;
on her knee. khio khi kha cp sit with one ; pagoda. cek co chu ; a house. cek co keng-
foot on the other knee. lu cp-ni cp lio e-hai bie a temple,
;
cek cp sua"; a mountain, coi"
the" pang kha-thau-u ko ? Why do you sit to, au CO ; front and rear buildings. ti-co ; a
with your knee propping your chin ? lu co lio throne. seng cp ascend the throne. ;
coh — ju; an autograph order, cu hng ; the essays of

successful graduates, 60 called because they
A^ I*
^pli
1005
9
5
To do ;
coll kaiig; to work.

Jictions.
coh
are copied in red ink. ai" chak ngun-cu ang
I a si chak s5i ang ? Will you have the lacquer a
chaiig; to till the soil, hia (oli c&i ; very mean
bright light red, or a bright dark red ? ngun-
and stingy. hwt-cph ; to relapse. pe" hwt- cu buah powdered vermilion.
;
ngfin-cu tio ;
cpli the ailment has returned.
;
a cake of veimilion. ngun-cu pit ; a pen used
in writing with red ink. ngun-cu i"; an ink
^^
^^SC
cph
96
118
9
To build dykes or
ments; to ram down
intrench-
the earth,
stone used with red ink. cu-sa" ftng; scarlet.
cph toi to make

cph huang-ui chie";
;
a dyke,
cu 104 A
cancer or deep seated ulcer.
to build a protecting wall. cph chaiig hOa"; cu a deep seated abscess,
1009 5 ira ;
make embanktnents between fields. cph be- cu pi iong k^ng U-hfii a cancer is more malig- ;
thhn build a pier. ;

nant than an ulcer.
c6h 120
short; to interrupt To cut cu 104 Small pox.
1011
the connection ; most,
6
875 7 chut cu have small pox. ;
cph tin sA cut off

all the heirs. khiong teng cwn ui cu-khue ; makes
;
cu-khuc; small pox.
cph ho disinherit all the descendants.
;
h{a
a specialty of treating small pox.
kfa" si coh Ufa"; this is a disinherited son. c6h
lo sunder the connection of the road. c6h cu 149 All
; ;
every.
kan break off the connection.
;
c6h chii hong 86 cu su \kn Id k&i k^ all this ;
se"; all resources seemed cut off, but a way oat gives you much trouble. cu ju chu iQi all ;
of the difficulty appeared. cph tui k&i Qe ; a are of this sort. cu-hAam to ai" mo" lu ku i ;
pun on words. cph ciah ; stop the rations, all are hoping to be instructed by you. nfn
ci'a hd cph tio ; it may be severed from this cu Oi CO be seated, all of you gentlemen.
;
point, ngfa c6h superior to all. cph c^ng ;

;
extinct, as a race or species. e6h si hd ; the cu 149 To take advice concerning a

best the earth affords. 961
lucky time,
8
— cu — cu kit, choose a lucky time for
heng kang ;
kun cu m6ng jit khui

beginning the work.
cu 96 A pearl ;
beads. oh ; carefully select a certain day for opening
cek llap cu a pearl.
85 6 cin cu ; ;
the school.
real pearls. cek pak cu ; a string of beads or
chio cu a necklace worn by officials, 4;Wjf cu 64 To pommel ;
to beat with the
pearl.'*. ;
kua cek pak cu wore a string of beads, muk ;

iflX 961 8 fists.
cu kau i mak lia" ceng bit him in the eye,

cu the lens of the eye.
;
ii
ngan bo cu ; you ;
have eyes without lenses; you eyes are of little causing it to swell up. cu kau i cek sin o-
Tise to you. hie" cu beads of scented wood, clie" tah-tang ; pounded him till his whole
;
or seeds. liu mak hun cu confusing fishes' ;

body was black and blue.
eyes with pearls; without discrimination, cin- "
cu hd eng op leh pearls are used as medicine, 1 ^ Lord ; master ; owner chief
cu 3 ; ;
;
I ...
4 a ruler to decide; to dominate,
87
tang cu a brilliant gem. ciu-cu siia"; pearl ;
;
ke-cii the master of the house.
;
cu-nie ; the
powder.
miistress of the house, cii-jin ; the host. chii
75 Red the color of vermilion.
cu cii, pho cvi, hang cii, chang cii the owner of the ;
.ri^ :
cun cii ; the

.^V 2 85
cu-cu ang; bright pink, chiii- house, shop, warehouse, or field.
owner of the boat, cek kok cu cii; the ruler of a
iSin-phQe cu-cu ang; her lips are bright red.
ciah kau kai min cu-cu ang; drank till his face kingdom, kui" cii the head man of a district,
;
was much flushed. kun cu chek, kuu nng cu ; a female chieftain. bo nang cp cii ;
b^k hek when a thing is almost as red as no one holds control. lia cp lu kai cii 1 am ;
;
vermilion it is almost as black as ink. your master, cii b<5 the master's wife. ;
kun
cti; the Sovereign. cii
kong cii siang our ; ;
cu 112 Vermilion imperial, because ; Emperor. kong cii ;

the Emperor's sisters or
6 86 the emperor Ubes red ink for daughters. ngiap cii ;
his landlord, cii-i to ;
his autograph. to choose or decide. khut lu kai lia cii-i ;
ngun-cu ; vermilion. cu pit ;

a red pencil ; let you decide for me. m cai cp-ni cii-i ; do
the imperial autograph, cu-sa ; cinnabar, cu not know what to decide upon. Id cti-i l&i
DICTIONARY OF THK SWATOW DIALECT. 69
tieh ;
ka-kl put
you have decided rightly. cii-sim t(5 cp 01 kia" su; doing this thing with
cii-i cii su
cannot herself decide. ;
fixed attention. cd su tieh cii-sim ; you
Ifiiig ;
manages the affair a director in a Board, ;

should give your whole mind to what you are
sin-cii a deified lord.
;
lia m ka" own cii I ; doing. cu chph ciii loh ci-kp lead some ;
dare not assume the direction. chai cii ; chai water in this direction. cu tek-sut; lead
cu lau tong cii a rich man.
; cii-ciang to
; ;
water into holes to drive out the crickets, cu
manage or oversee. i sim bo cii-ciang
lS,i ; tho-ciang-kun lead water in to expel the black ;
he has no force of will. thien-cu ka tlie ;

and white beetles. cu to-kau ; direct water
Roman Catholic religion, cii-cai; to reign, u into the retreat of the beetles to drive them
cii-cai, bo cii-cai ; has or has not controlling out. cii i to fix the thoughts upon. ; cu cfu ;
power. ci ie" ieh cii-ti sim-mih pe° ? What turn wine into the mouth. au ta cS,i, li-kwn
ailment is this medicine good for ? cii-khau ;
cu t6 is very thirsty and keeps taking tea.
;
literary examiners. i cu tit i ;

he does as he
likes. 61 i t(5 cu pua"; it is he who manages cu 86
That which guides the flame ;
the business, hu-cu the husband. kQn-cu ;

89 a stick of incense,
5
5
the sisters and daughters of princes. iu° cii sie cek cii hie"; burn a stick of incense.
;
the young ruler.

A_tl ^^ ^ ^^ cease ;
to halt ;
to stop.
cu 142 To eat as insects do ;
destruc- |JQ 89 su im-5 me"-me" ci'-cii ci kia" ;
89 ~5 tive insects. mediately put a stop to this business. hiah-

cii ; to cease. sak-cu ; to plug up.
oil thang weevils, moths, grubs, bookworms,
; theng-ctl
and the like, khut thang cu kau khang-khak; kha cease walking.; siu-cii lo-khau ; guard
hollowed out by grubs. sim-mih thang td cu the passes. cu chiu stay your hand. jim ;
cha, cu kau huaih''-huaih"-k\e some insect is ;

khi til cii I cannot help being angry.
; lun m
cu I can't endure it. lau i m cii ; cannot
gnawing the wood, and you can hear the sound ;
of the gnawing, cu kau kai khang kai khang; detain him. cp-pu ku-cii ; tang cii living ;
worm eaten. cvi-mo^-sien ringworm on the ;

together. hue ju phah jii tph, phah cii ; m
the more I try to put out the fire the fiercer
Bcalp. laa-ge-cii yamun extortioners. choh ;
khu moth it blazes, I can't ak-cii ; to

sa''-kh6 oil tio ;
these garments are extinguish it.
eaten. repress, restrain or put a stop to. hueh lau m
cii ; cannot staunch the blood.
define to add an emend a-
cu 149 To ;
90
tion or gloss. 6 J^^ cii 128 To assemble ;
to collect ;
to
cii
nieng-peh define clearly, mih su si cu tia°
;
:^fC 1010 8 dwell together,
kai all is exactly defined,
;
hue cu se", soi" cvi cii-cip ;
cu-hiie ;
cii-coi ; cii-bua ;
to assemble,
61 before he tells what will happen in life, he
;
cu cp cek e to collect in one spot, ci-kp 6i cii;
fixes the day of death, (as a fortune teller pre- cui the water collects here.
; cie"-s! 6i cG
chai is accumulating wealth lately.
dicting immediate death). cu sek to define ; ;
cii-pd
the meaning. ci png cu-cheh u cu-koi a bo ? Ing a shrine of the god of wealth.
; p6 chut
Has this book explanatory notes ? cu kha ;
rrj
jii
so cii what is exported is not so good as
;
foot notes. cu so a full explanation, (as of ;

what remains. cii-cip to hiie-tng ; congre-
the classics). ji-cii
si co-ni koi-sueh ? How is gate at the meeting house. cek-cu k4i pe°; a
this emendation to be explained ? cia cu si disea.se that has culminated. hija" n&ng cG
ti-tiang cii kai ? By whom were the comments

td hu-kp si cp-ni ? Why is it that so many
on this book written ? persons have come together there ? cu bun
seng lui if you can get a sufficiently large
;
cu 167 To cast ;
to fuse and run into swarm of gnats together they will make a
90 T4 moulds. noise like thunder.
cu to cast copper coins. ci kai si cu kai a
B
ci";
si phah kai ? Is this cast or wrought ? cu cp cii 130 Meat that has been offered in
thih-poi''; cast it into iron plates. cu tang, cii 1007 5 sacrifice,
siah ; cast brass or pewter ware, in cii kai ;
of pun cii-nek ; distribute meat that has been
cast lead. offered to idols.
Y_tl ^^ §^ ^^ direct water in channels ;

to cii 187 To be stationed at.
1 1^ 89 6 fix the attention upon, >^jjjLL4 89 6 cii-cap ; encamped. cti-
lu kai mak cii-cii to thoi" sim-mueh? What are hiiang ciang-kun ;
the general commanding a
you looking at so fixedly ? cu-sim ;
attentive.
garrison,
70 DICTIONARY UF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
kki ciia nftng make a paper giant. iu ciia

cu 43 Then; presently; forthwith;
[j^
; ;
oiled paper. ni ciia dyed paper. ciia nlo"-

-^lyL 999 "9" thereupon then if as if.
;
; ; ;
ho"; a pajwr tiger; something made to scare

ce ta" ou thia°; he heeds as soon as you speak,
khiu kue c>ia-ci°-lang lighter than a
lia coi" jit ta" cu bi ci ksii; this was what I spoke people, ;
ci kai cu si i kai ang this thistle down. ciah kau kio ciia-kang hie"-
of the other day. ;
i s(5 ta" kai lu eu tieh thia" i,

se"; has become as thin as a skeleton. sin-
is her husband,
i sd CO kai lu cu tieh tiie i ciu°-8e° co; you raust
bQn-ciia ;
a newspaper.
heed what lie says, and must do as he does,
ua ta" h(5 kai cQ si h(5, ta" i7i-hp kai cO iTi-h(5 ciia 142 Serpents snakes. ;
; ||ji|^
what aro good, and those that
I say are good, <pH|^ 747 cek tlo ciia a snake, ptiali
6 ;
si tio ciia killed a snake. tak ciia; a poison-

I say are bad, are bad. i ho-Iip
nang cp-ni cQ ;
ous serpent. cua kAi b6i

pe" ? How is it Ihat he who was in such
fi kfti pi tak, fi
;
ii
he knows, some serpents are poisonous and some are not.

perfect health is sick ? i cQ cai ;
mfig i he knows when you ask him.

cQ pat ;
ciii cua; a water snake. kau-bd-ciia; a large
16i-Kio, i cu m khciig kiu lu ta"; if
Id la b6 striped lizard. khini-ciia ; a boa-constrictor,
kiii Ie° cua kie-cp peh-am-nua, pua-ki-kah,
you are discourteous he will not tell you.
fi
cie"-se" cu hd that is right. ;

u Ii6 lia cu m h5-siia"-pe°. che°-tek-pie, tp-ni-kun, p6h-po-cI,
khu if it rains I shall not go.
;
i lai lia cu iTi cTig kai si tuk kai ; there are several kinds of
khu if he comes I shall not go.
;
i cO lu cu snakes, the white necked snake, the cobra, the
mien cp ; if he does it then you need not. i ringed snake, the black and yellow snake, the
khieh lai ua cu mien khu chue ; if he brings small brown snake, and the viper, all of which
it, then I need not go and look for it. u p6" are poisonous. sang thfiu ciia ; a two headed
cQ boi tit khu ; if one is sick one cannot go. snake. khi ciia ; rare species of serpents,
ciia phiie ; the skin of a snake. cua sin tôg,
— cua — c&a c ai ; the back and the belly of a snake,
ciia pak khak ; the snake sheds its skin. ciia
120 Paper.
cua thp ; the shed skin of a snake. ciia to chau
4 chau cua coarse brown pa-
66 ; kp pie khu the snake darted off through the
;
per, peh tek ciia ; strong white paper, made grass. cua so cle" sua" teng ; the serpent
from bamboo. kbng chwn ciia letter paper, ;
wriggled up to the top of the hill. cua si
o kim ciia ; glossy black paper. aug ciia red ; chl" thio khi lai ; the snake has crawled up by
paper. ngo sek cua ; paper in a variety of way of the post, tio cua phwn t6 chiu ki kp ;
colors. cu ciia; writing paper. kau-liu cua ; a snake coiled around the bmnch of a tree,
thin white paper, cheh phue ciia paper used ; cua, lu phah i kai tliTiu, i kai biie cu ai" kauli
for the cover.s of books. cien ciia; drawing lu kai kha ; if you strike a snake's head, his
paper. kia" pang cua ; thick white paper in tail will coil around your leg. cek llo ciia
large sheets, hue ciia ; flowered paper. ngiin khiin a snake coiled up in a circle.
i"-!"; lii
cua; thick spangled paper, kim ngun cua; gilt ai" phah i, i kai cCia-thau cu teng khi lai; when
paper, or spirit money. kS,u hwu ciia foreign ;
you are going to strike him, be darts up his
paper, ngun; paper money, burned
ciia ci", ciia head. i kai ciia-cam
lang a lang ; he ia
in idol worship. cua pai cards. phah ciia ; darting out his tongue. ciia nih i the ;
pai to play cards.

; pie hue ciia to paper the ; snake nabbed him. ci khi cua bp mih k5
walls of rooms, pie ciia; wall paper,
cangciia nang; this species of snake is not apt to bite.
ia.i pie; paper it. cSk
a sheet of paper, tie" ciia; ikai ciia biie kauh to chiu ki kp, i kai thau
pe" tlieng ciia; a transparency with the shadows chun khu ciah cio ; he holds on to the limb
of paper puppets cast on a screen. mai" thiih with his tail, and darts his head forth to catch
phua i kai pd°-theng-cua ; do not punch a hole birds, pit jii ; serpentine lines made
leng cua
in the screen on which the shadows of his with the pen beautiful writing.
; chiang
puppets are thrown do not spoil the pleasant ; ciia tin ; serpentine evolutions in military
aspect of his affaiis by revealing what is behind strategy.
the scenes. li ciia to tear up paper. ciia ;
.
bue ciia in paper used as tinder, thoih ciia

; ; ; *ig^ cua To take an oath ; to swear ;
149
loose fly leaves. tab ciia mend with a paper ; |={ 765 a vow or binding promise,
7
patch, cek tp ciia a packet of paper, cek to
; ciu-cua ;
to take oath before a god. lu ka"
jieh coi tie" ? How many sheets are there in a kang i ciu-ciia me ? Dare you call down the
packet of paper ? ciia nang, ciia be, cua hoh; wrath of a god upon you if he be right and
men, horses, and storks made of paper. ko you wrong ? ciu-cua m cp ci kia" sii invoke ;
DtCTlONARt OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 71
the anger of a god upon you, swearing that ciia" 154 Low base
H^( ; ; ignoble.
you will not do this. tng tlii" ciu-cua tuake ;

J^Kl 979 8 hia-ciia"; of mean birth,
oath under the open heavens. lia ka" kio lu ka-ki (U CO ctla"; debase one's self. cua''-kut-
ciu-ci\a ;
I dare make oath to it. thau a low fellow.
; khin-ciia"; to depreciate,
phin ciia"; poor and mean.
-*A* cua 76 A time a trial. ;
y\. 1034 2 i klm u kui cua ? How many — cuah —

times did he go ? cek ciia tia"; only once. lai
hue sa" si cua came aud went three or four
;
cuah
85 To throw water away from
times. co kiie ku-ii cfia have done it several ;
710 12 one to splash, ;
times. i khut i cuah kau cek sin

cui; he was drenched
— cua" — by the water which she threw. ciii rap cuah
tieh nang in throwing the water, do not dash
;
cua" 64 To clutch to grasp ; to hold ; it upon any one. khut i cuah tieh t§ ; was
3 "9^ fast.
splashed by the tea she tlirew out.
cua'' kin i kai sim-kua°-thS,u held him fast, ;
clutching his chest. chi'a cua" i kai pi";

bo cua" iia; there is Ar> cuah 76 Deficient in to be short of;
grasped his queue.
^V
;
391 wanting.
nothing to hold on by. ci-ko bo cua", li chue
cuah a
6i boi ? Is tliere too little ? hai"
hu-ko lai cua"; if you cannot get a hold in one i cfiah
cie"-se" bo cua" bo
no peh ngun paid hira up to within two
place, seek another.
;
hundred dollars, hwn cuah cek toa kueh; still

na, kang-kho cai it is very hard since there is
;
lacks considerably more than half. u nang
nothing to get hold on. hu-ko u thang ho
cuah ke, u nang cuah cie some lack more and
cua" ciah a living may be gotten there.
; pat ;
cua" kiie in-pe me ? Has he taken over the

some less. die tieh hii toi cuah no hieh ;
cua" co cek pe take found by examination that two leaves were

official authority yet ? ;
up in one handfull. cua" chiara take a rod ;

missing. teng tieh cuah sa" peh kun found ;
from atnong the divining rods. cua" tieh ;

by weighing that it was three piculs short,
fliu cuah sa" sia"; have harvested all but about
grabbed it. cua" m tieh could not clutch it. ;
three tenths of the crop. leng-iia" sng, sng

cua" tieh cek ki ho chiara drew a lucky ;
number. lu cua" tieh ti-ko kai chiam ? To

tieh bqicuah reckoned ;
it
up again, and found
there was no deficiency. oi cuah, tieh" ta" ke
what place does the lot which you drew assign
kui ta"; if it is insufficient, we must bring a
you ? c§k nang cua" tieh kng-tang, cek nang
few loads more.
cua" tieh hok-kien one drew the lot which
;
assigned him to Canton and the other the lot

for Foochovi'. cuah To yield the palm to; below
162
!25 S29 10 the mark,
ciia" 108 A shallow cup. ci kai ciiah hu kai this is not so perfect as
;
12 8 teng ciia"; the oil cup of a that. ci'a hi'a cua coi
ciia cuah
this paper is ;
lamp. mak-ciu toa kiie siah ciia"; eyes bigger not nearly so good as that. i kai a-ce se" lai
than saucers. io cuah her elder sister is not so hand.some.

tang teng-cua", po-li ciia"; ;
brass or glass oil-cups. i kai a i"

pi i se" lai cuah bo ua her aunt ;
lacks but little of being as beautiful as she.

jj^l^ cixa" These several in a body ; a
7 ; lia thoi" li cuah iTi ki I do not think she lacks;
*l 796 sign of the plural,

5 much of being his equal.
ci ciia" nang all these persons.
;
ci ciia" kai
su si sie-kho kai su; all these are very trifling ciiak
affairs. ci cua" kai mueh li pun lu, hu hua"
kai mueh li ai" pun these things aie given to
i
; cuak 85 Muddy ;
turbid ;
thick.
you and those are to be given to him. 83 13 cuak has a hoarse
sia"-im ;
voice. min sek cuak, rn cheng his com- ;
1^ cua" 85 A fountain ;
a spring. plexion not clear.
is ciii thoi" tieh cuak, m
^XC 1013 T
ce" cua"; a well spring, cui cheng-khih the water does not appear to be
;
cua"; a spring of water. ciia"-cui" ho ; spring clean. khi-bi cuak a stuffy smell. khi-bl ;
water is best. cang cui-cua" kek co hue- long-cuak a heavy mixed smell.
;
hun
bak ; make a fountain take the form of a cheng cuak; distinguish between the clean and
shrub. the dirty.
72 DICTIONARY OF THE 8WAT0W DIALKCT.
— cuang cQang 94 Appearance; form style.

Jftr ;
/|/V 114 4 hSng-cuang; the general

cuang 119 The style of dress ; the
i kai thdi"
113 6 toilet to make the toilet ; ;
appearance, ihfing-cQang see liow ;
to feign to put on airs. he appears, cuang-mau" hui sie"; has a distin-

;
cuang chai adorned, cuang sek decked out.

; ;
guislied appearance, cuang ju hQ-jiu nng-cu ;
cuang khiang pedantic. cuang le"; affected,

;
appears like a woman.
pretentious,
toilet,
siu-cuang ta-paug; making one's
so cuang; plainly dressed, latn cuang;
— cue —
cue 73
Exceedingly; extremely; the
richly dressed. ISng cuang; over dressed.
tS,"
cuang; well dressed. ke cuang; dressed 1017 8
superlative degree,
cue hd extremely good.
in di.sguise. nng pang \km cuang ; a woman ; ciie llang-slen ;
dressed in men's clothes. cuang m-h<5 c6 Ie°; wholly righteous, cue kang-ak very wicked, ;
a style of dre.^s not to be imitated. tOa" cuang cue ngfa; exceedingly beautiful, ciie kha
very ;
pang; carelessly dressed. cuang chut lai \\6 quick-witted, cue ll-hfti; exceedingly harmful,
thdi"; very prettily dressed.
ciie lo-ki'n ktii the most important one. ciie
cuang le" cuang ;
Bie°; to affect a style. bd teng-eng ktii ; the most useless of all. ciio
Boi" lai ; the very first to come. ci kla" su ciie
Ll cuang 145 Travelling equipage; to kang-klio; this is extremely difficult, ciie lin-
jjj
^^ 113 7 pack up to send on.
; tkng; the safest, lia thoi" cp ciie oh; I consider
it the most difficult of all.
kla"-cuang luggage. siu-sip kia"-cuang get
; ; is
nang th6i" cp ciie
the baggage ready. cuang sok khi Ifti h<5 koi sotne people consider it the easiest.
; of
thoi"; bind up the travelling equipments nicely, k&i nftng cue ui-hd; this man is the worst of all.
eng cun cuang-cai forward them by boat, ;
cuang xh tit cannot pack them all in.

;
cuang cue 164 To reiterate.
c6k sie" c^k sie°; pack them box by box, 101 11 mai" ta" khah cue; do not
repeat it too many times, ta"khah cie, nftng
cuang 75 A classifier of affairs, of ihia" tSeh cQ iam ; if you
repeat it too often
113 11 goods, and of logs, people will be sick of hearing it.
cck cuang su; an affair. cek toa cuang hue-
mueli a large assortment of goods.
; ci cuang cQe 122 Sin crime guilt to offend. ; ; ;
6U thoh lu klm co entrust the doing of this ;

1016 8 hfiam cue ; to violate the law.
business to you. bp pS,t cuang; no other mng ciie ; examine a criminal. tia" cue ; to
sort. toa° ci cuang tia°; this variety alone, condemn, siu cQe get his demerits, si ciie ;
;
a capital crime. ii ciie bo cue ; in-

teng cuang; to drive piles. cuang thau the ;
guilty. ;
head of affaii's. nocent, ciie jin ;

a criminal. ciie-kiie ; tres-
passes, ctie-ak ;
wickedness.
con- cai cue ;
cuang 64 To bump to strike ;

scious of his fault. sia ciie ; pardon a fault,
114 12 against; to collide, sia-mien i kai ciie ; forgive his offense. kia
sie cuang to collide.;
cuang thau cuang ciie; a repeated offense, tit ciie tieh lu ; I have
hiah bumped their heads together. wronged you. cfle-ak kwn-iong ; the measure
;
cflang
puah loh khu tumbled down through being
;
of his iniquity is full. ciie f=p eng tit ; a well
hit. no ciah cun sie cuang the two boats ;
deserved fate. su ciie ;
I beg your pardon,
came in collision. cuang pliua collided and ; jincue ; confess the fault. l&ng ciie ; equally
broke. ciiang-cih bump against and smash, ; guilty, ciie soi ;
it is a venial offense. In k&i
cuang to knock against and upset.
;
cuang ciie si tJlng ; your crime ; the i.s
great, ciie toa
hueh lau thumped so as to draw blood.
;
peh offense is heinous, ciie a slight offense. khin ;
ciiang; to intrude. khut lia cuang ki°; was ngi ciie to judge an offense.
;
kie ra§ng
accidentally seen by me. cio-io cuang phien ;
sim-mih ciie declare what crime it is.
; phoi"
to swindle. ciie to sentence for crime.
; ta°-tng i kai ciie ;
bear the conseqences of another's crime.
m
kia"
cuang Secondary in rank. 60 thoi a pe siu-cue ; a son receiving punishment
1024 8
cuang hia°-ti male second- ; in his father's stead. khiu thoi ang siu ciie ;
cousins, chin, thang, cuang, peh kiii cap nang; seek be punished in a husband's stead,
to
taking brothers, cousins, and second-cousins, chut jip nang kai ciie participate in another's ;
there are over a hundred of them chut thut tio i kai ciie ; permit him to
altogether. guilt,
cia° it pin, cuang sa" pin the first of the first ;
escape due punishment. sia-mien i kai ciie-
grade and the second of the third grade. ak kiie-sit ; overlook his sins and errors.
144 A column a line a row.

cue rain water, hai ciii sea water. ho-sua" ciii ;
yt—^ ; ;
water running from an umbrella.

;
I J 207 cek jit tliak kiii cue (U; read lira-ci° ciii ;
several columns of letters in a day. cek bieh water from the eaves. tie ciii ;
tidal waters,
CO poih cue; make eight toluiuns to the leaf, lau ciii the tides. ; lau-ciii kh(5 a tl"; is the
cek tide falling or rising ? 13,u-cui ta ; the tide is
ctie sia
sa"-cap kai ji ; write thirty letters
to the column. at its lowest ebb. ciii-sfu ; a waterman. cui-
— cub — kieh
ciii
passage money.
; cui ]:p-hun ; ripples,
the water is rising, cui-chia a water
toa ; ;
^"^^ cm-cull ; a dimple. i ce wheel. sang ciii-ldi send a present of eata-

^xMt 11^ ;
iVtJ 1056 9 chie kih-kau no kai ci'u- bles, chph cui pun ua ciah give me a drink ;
cuh ; when she laughs there are two dimples in of water. siin cui go with the current, ;
her cheeks, n^ng ta" u ciu-cuh kai cu oi ciah ngek cui ; go against the current. ta" ciii ;
ciu, ku-chu kie-cp ci'u-cuh people say that ; carry water. cek tih ciii a drop of water, ;
those who have dimples are apt to be wine-bib- cek ti'am ciii ; a very little water, ciii-hue-po ;
bers, therefore dimples are called wine grots. a man of all work. sit cui lost at sea. tû ;
ciii thio ciii to jump overboard.

;
; puah 16h
c^^
1^ 1014
1^ Full; enough; no deficiency ; ciii fell into the water.
; 6i khut ciii kek sf a
Âj^r nothing wanting, boi ? Was he drowned ? ni h^li ciii tho the ;
ne cuh-cuh, kdi ci° bo kiam fully sufficient, ; climate is unsuitcd to him. cap jit ciii lo ten ;
not lacking a cash. cek ui ne cuh-cuh fully ; days journey by water. lei>g nang loh ciii ;
a year.
pushed some one into the water. mang i loh
ciii pulled him into the water.
; kiin cui ;
cull 30 To sip, to suck.
Bt 1012 4 cuh te ; sips tea. culi ta ;
boiling water.
water.
chin cui liang ciii ; cold
sie cui ; hot water. ciii hiie bp
;
to suck dry. a-no" cuh ni the infant sucks

;
cheng ;
fire and water show each other no
at the breast.
mang cuh hueh mosquitoes ; favor. ie° hue, cui se°; specious and unstable,
suck blood. cuh c&p suck the juice. cuh
;
thau cui the best brand. ; ji
ciii inferior
cheng-khih khu suck it all out clean.
;
; cuh sorts. ciii che"; the ciii

kaa pa-pa; sucked his fill. planet Mercury.
ngun ; quicksilver. ngun ciii ; an allowance
for surplus weight in silver coins. cui c6k
kai mueh ; aquatic tribes. ciii loh cieh chut;
cui point an apex; a sharp
167 A ;
when the water falls the stones appear; murder
^PC 100 8
pointed tool, will out. phiin cek sin ciii; spattered all over
tl ; not even a
bo lip cui cu spot where you with water. i oi siu ciii he can swim. bi
could put down the point of a pin.
;
in cui
ctii dive into the water.
; phu to cui min ;
chng ko pierced his thigh with the point.

;
floats on the surface of the water. tim loh
17 To cui toi sinks to the bottom of the water, ciii
cui jut out projecting.
;
;
|41-|
I— I 892 phi" cui-cui, muk tho-tho;
4
lo khui-thong the passage is clear, ; phi" ciii ;
his nose is large, and his eyes protuberant,

mucous from the nose. niia" ciii saliva, ;
hu-ko io cui, hu-ko I'o thap; there it juts out lang ciii pus. hueh ciii the serum of the
; ;
and there it juts in. phi" cui li p6 mak thap; blood. lo cui dew. mak ieh cui ; eye- water,
;
the projection of the nose makes up for the

ieh cui ; liquid medicines.
cui-ciii ; watery,
keng thien kiii ciii the menstrual flow,

ciii
holJowness of the eyes the beauty of one part ;
; ;
fcîen cxii khui ; incontinence of urine. ciii

compensates for the ugliness of another. tin-
chim a chien ? Is the water deep or shallow ?
tang cui klii lai ; the center juts out.
tui cheng a 16 ? Is the water clear or turbid ?
cui 187 A black horse. cf-kp ii jieh coi siam ciii ? How many fathoms
100 8 o-cui be ;
a coal black steed. of water here ? cui sek ngi'a c5i ; the complex-
ion derived from drinking the water of the
ciii 85 Water, the first of the five place, is very fine. sek cui ngi'a ; the color is
^|L»
^V
ka
781 elements ; liquid, beautiful. i ciah m
tieh cui tho the climate ;
thiig-cui ciah up some sweetened water

;
stir of the place does not agree with him. cui-
to drink, khieh chph thng khu thau liang cui kng ; a water jar. cui-kong a long handled ;
ciah put some sugar into cold water and drink

; dipper, ciii-thang water buckets, eng cui
; ;
it. cia° cui fresh water.

;
kiam ciii salt ; sprinkle it with water. ak cui ; pour water
water. ce" cui ;
well water. khoi cui river ;
on it. ho-cui ak kau t&m-tam ; wet by rain,
water. khe° cui ; water from a pool, ho ciii ; cui-eng ; waves, thdi" huang-cdi to consider ;
74, DICTIONARY OP THE SWATOW DIALECT.
the geomantic influence. cui RU-ia"; the coast — cun —

ofiicers. ai" kia° lek lo a kia" cui lo ? Are you
enn 121 A bottle or flask.
going by land or by water ? la-lun-sie cui ;
1019
cui-Iau ; a filter.
12 hui cun, po-li cun ; earthen
tepid water. or gla.s8 bottles. c6k kai cun ; a bottle. ciii
cui 118 Of an evil spirit. cun ; a water bottle, iu cun an oil can. kiii
j!jjt ;
^28 5 kui-cui ; ki via cun several wine bottles. cun-thak ;

I?X> cross, perverse,
;
the stopper of a bottle. cun-thak p6ih chut

; demented. kai co t>u kiii-
kiii-kui ciii-ciii i
lai ; take out the cun sak mi''-mi";
cvii cflihe acts very wildly.
; Kim-mueh id stopper.
cak cui ? What has set him to acting as if he cork the bottle tightly. cun chui khieh cua
were possessed ? sak mi"; take some paper and stop the mouth
of the bottle tightly, cun kiia ; the cover of a
cui 80 To talk much. !a-ciii; glib-
flask. c5k cun cfu a bottle of liquor. ;cun
lOlO 12 insinuat-
tongued ; specious ;
hi"; the handle of a flask. ii
h\ng-l(5 tuo
t5 cun t6i
ing and deceptive speech. i td tu-ciii kai he ;
there is a little adhering to the
;
is wheedling hira. i kui ta''-uo lu-iu cui-ciii, bottom of the bottle. (ng Urn cun ; a long
botieh-sit; his talk is all palaver, with no necked flask. cun tng cheng-khih ; rinse the
honest purpose in it. bottle clean. khui cun ; open a bottle. cho
to jip cun t<Si ; pour the vinegar into the bottle.
164 Drunk
ciii fuddled stupefied. ; ;
1016 8 ciah ciu cui ; become in- cun 41 To venerate.

toxicated, ciah kau tna-ma-cui drink till ;
1019 9 cun-keng; show respect to-
maudlin drunk. iTj-hd ciah kuu ciii do not ;
ward. cun-tOng i evince esteem for. cun-
;
drink to excess. jii ciii jvi chi ; the more

kiii kfti n&ng an honored personage.
; bo cun
tipsy the more stupid, cai cui not affected m ;
i CO toa ; does not pay respect to hira as to a
by liquor. ciu m
cui nang, n&ng < Q cui ; superior. cuu-hok be subservient through
;
when not made a fool of by liquor, he is a fool esteem. cia si cun-cheng i kai Qe ; this lan-
of himself. b6 cfu, sa" hun cui without ; guage is used in expressing reverence for hira.
having drunken he is half drunk ; without Q cun pui toa soi ksii loi-sio ; there are certain
being tipsy he acts like a simpleton. te" cui ;
forms of etiquette appropriate between the
feigns drunkenness, sui ciii sni tia°; although high and the low, the old and the young,
drunk he knows what he is about. i lii cun i ; he does not pay respect to him.
ciii-ngjin
raong-long dazed as if by liquor.
;
ciii-ong ; leng cun your father.
;
cun ke respected sir. ;
boozy. ut kau ciii-cui sleep very soundly, ;

cek cun hut ; a Buddhist idol. i
keng \&i sai
ii kui cun lû-ia; in their
i to ciii ci'u he is drinking to intoxication,
; teraple they have
sa" tng cui ciu; drinks to intoxication
every several gods. c)-cun ; the Emperor. cun
meal. lii mai" ciii don't be silly. ciii kau
; cfang ; elderly honored persons. cun i cp
lok-lok ;
as drunk as possible. ciii kau mi"- toa; treat him as your elder. hti-cun ; the
mi"; dead drunk. prefect.
cun 162 To conform to to follow ;

cie ciii to go live with
;
1019 12 orders,
a father-in-law.
cun huap-lut; obey the laws, cun meng; obey
oi'ders. cun kia"; carry out the instructions,
XyCC* ^*ii
? A substitute a vice ; an aid ; ; lim cun lim-h'm cun conform exactly.
;
cun-
;
11 1017 8 secondary; supplementary,
hu-cui a deputy sub-prefect. chong i kai ue carried out his directions, i m
;
i td co hii-cui
cun he does not comply. cp mih su to si cun
; ;
;
he is acting as deputy sub- prefect. hii-cui
ki" hu-cja°-tng eng kia" sim-mih loi ? What loi-huap in whatever he does he acts in con-
;
formity with the regulations. cek p6i° cun

are the formalities to be observed by the
deputy t\Vn, cek poi" m cun t\Vn partly followed the ;
sub-prefect when visiting the prefect ? instructions and pai-tly disobeyed them. ku
cun carry out all orders.
ciii 94 A dog rushing from a cover ;
;
cui-jien
cipitately,
1015 8
abrupt precipitate,
cu ngo tieh came upon him very pre-
;
chang-cui cu kang, pien

;
m meng-
m
*
Pi
Clin
103
your request or not
15
^
To
Clin
?
grant, permit, or allow.
a m
ciin Id
ciin ?
khiu
Did he grant
; grant your
peh in the hurry and flurry of the moment
;
petition, ciin i cie°-se° kia"; permit him to do
did not discriminate clearly. thus. lia Q-soi° ciin-pi ho lio ; I am already
prepared to grant it. cku ciin ;

the memorial hiie-ciin; huo-lun-cAn; steamboats. cien ciin;
isgranted. pin ciin kue kai ;
a petition that a man-of-war. pia° c&n a gunboat. pqh ;
was granted. cai cun a huckster's boat.

;
kua" ciin; a man-
darin's boat. sun hq ciin ; a boat which pat-
^^^^ Clin 85 A gauge; to adjust; exact; rols the river. ah cun; guard boats. poih
Hh* 104 10 true.
cie° cun eiglit oared boats.
;
sam pang ciin ;
Clin u s£n tta°-tia" tieli-tleh made exact with
plia hu ciin a tisliing boat,
fi ;
small row boats. ;
water level and plumb line. co mill su u ciin-

ngo to Clin a (;argo boat. ; kap-pang ciin ; a
sin there are right methods for doing evêry-
;
sailing ship. lak plifing cxiii a full rigged ;
thing, ua ci kai si-ceng siang ciin this clock ;

ciin cvi the owner of tlie vessel, or its
ship. ;
of mine is very accurate. ci kai si-pie ciin a

captain. ciin teng kai hiie-tie"; the chief
ill Clin ? Does this watch keep correct time ? officer of a vessel, ciin teng kai tSi-kong ; the
lia ci kai si-pie jii keng ciin my watch is more ;
steersman. ciin-thau-k^n ; harbourmaster.
nearly correct. ciin-cxin hd; exactly adjusted.
Iqh ciin ;
to embark. cie" ciin ;
to disembark,
CO su u tia" Clin do things by exact measure-
;
sai cun to sail a boat. run a boat, kia" ciin
; ;
ments. cie"-se° ciin tieh that is exactly right, ;
or be a sailor, the" ciin, kq cun to pole or to ;
liah kau ciin-clin hold it true. ci" sia khu u

;
row a boat. 16 ciin to scull a boat, liah ciin ;
Clin the arrow was shot in a right line, i kai

;
biie to steer,
;
toa ciin ; to tow a boat. thoi"
ciin-thau ho cai its gauge is very perfect,
;
huang sai ciin]; to run a sail boat, khui ciin ;
cuii hin-khek si eng cO ti-chin now-a-days a ;
start the boat, pak ciin; tie up a boat. cim
plumb line is used instead of a water-level. phang, ciin toa, iii the sail, rudder and
ciin ;
masts of a boat. cun than, cun biie, cun toi,

cim 9 One
of a thousand remark ;
ciin pq-ki", ciin pq-min the bow, the stern,
ciin-siu one of superior
;
1020 7 able,
the hull, the bulwarks, and the deck of a boat,
;
natural abilities one preeminent among the

ciin cie"; an oar.
;
ciin cling; the hatclies.
many. i si iu ciin-siu kien kai a si u tf-
cun ai" kq cie" a ai" sai ph^ng ? Do you wish
cu kai ? Was he appointed to office on account
to row or to sail? kia"-cun caa-be sa° hun
of his superior talents, or on account of his
mia"; sailors and couriers do not live out half
having taken a degree ? their days. kia°-cdn, khia-pho put li pua° p6;
cun 46 Steep lofty. ;
sailors and shopkeepers cannot leave their
813 kau sua" cun nia T work so much as half a step.

by cwn ko ciah
; precipitous
cun chartered a boat. lai tali ciin came on
mountain passes ; ;
board. tah m tieh ciin missed the boat, ;
yjfD ciin 85 An abyss, chak cun a pirate vessel.

;
liah cun seize a ;
_
t:5C 813 cun ho 7 ;
to deepen a river. boat, huang ciin ; impress a boat. cie" nang
ciin hq kek a deep bend
;
in a stream. cun ai° nang ciin cau wish a speedy trip to ;
the boat that carries you. to ciin tah nang

cun 117 To stop from work, having
kue khoi only a bearer of other people's mes-
_ _ 1001 T' finished the task,
;
sages, kia" cun bq thai pe no waiting even

tiang-si cun kang ? When
will the work be
;
for a father, ciin to thio; the boat is pitching.

finished kang ? cu chia" sai-pe ; after
ciiu S,u
the work is finished, the master woikmen will wrench

^^> cun 120 To wring; to by
be invited to a supper. hwn-lio bOe cun
kang have not yet finished the work.
; kang- ^V 369
cun m
lia
'6~
lu lai cun
twisting,
I cannot wrench it
tfig,
thia" toa cai, cq ku-a ni cia° cun kang ; it is a
;
off, you come and try. cia sqh au lio, ce cun

finish.
big job that it will take several years to cu tug; this rope is rotten, and if you give it
a twist it will break. sa" soi lio, ciin ta-ta ;
ciin 187 stately, well shaped
horse.A
1019 7 cvin-be noble steeds, of wash the jacket, then wring it dry. p6 ciin m
^^ ^ ;
i kai ta, chit lio cu lok-lok if you

do not wring the
-wlTicli Mah-wang of Cheu had eight.
;
the ribs of his cloth dry, the thing will still be dripping
si° kut kuah co poih ctin-be ;
with water after you have wiped it. cun i

fan had the eight steeds carved thereon.
kai am ; wring its neck. cun si ; to strangle
J^/V boat or ship.
cun 137 A by wrenching the neck.
/gpl cek ciah cun a boat.
120 ~5 cun ;
ciah ; vessels. toa ciah cun ; large boats, cun 170 A gust, blast, burst, or time;
19 7 a shower a short
cun kia°; small boats. ang thau cun ; junks, space ;
;
pgk pang cun a fleet. to cun ; a ferry boat. transitory ;

a little while.
;
76 DiCTIONAEY OF THL SWATOW DIALECT.
cgk cun hnang, cSk cun ho a gnst of wind,

and a shower of rain. cSk cun kng, c6k cun
am light and darkness allernating at short
;
cek ciin khui, cek cun bua; recedes

;
^ 1029
sacrifice for.
(U 39
4
Unwearied; incessant
denying attachment
self
effort;
to and
intervals, i
ciu-jit cu-ou to
si \i
thiing ci" (Ia°-tla°; he do»
and approaches alternately. hfa in cek cun votes himself all day long exclusively to money-
c6k cun li'-li phu khi lai the smoke keeps ;
making, kun-cu k&i nang ciu-jit cu-cu to si
rising puff after puff, cek cun thia° c6k cun ; ui sien, sio-jiii kai nang ciu-jit cu-cu to si vii li ;
the pain comes on in spasms of increasing the cultured strive toilsomely all day after
violence. cun sie, cun chin first hot and ;
goodness, the uncultured strive toilsomely all
then cold. ciin kua", ciin juah chills and for gain.
;
day
fever alternating. ni-ciin the time
rapidly ;
when milk is secreted in the breast. ci-hue i cu 120 Black very black. ;
;^((<
ni-cun lai, me°-me° php a-n6° khu cSah ni the ;
j
'I^PI lOiJO 8 i kai sek o-cu o-cu ne ; its
milk is now come in her breast, carry the baby i
color is jet black. tieh swn lo p6h kai, raai"
quickly and let it nurse. c6k cun jlo kue lai, toa o-cu k&i you must select a pure white one,
;
cek cun jlo kiie khu they drove each to and

; not one that is defaced with black spots, eng
fro, as the fortunes of war shitted. kii cQ o-cu o-cu; by long use it will become
— cut — very black.

cut 96 To cause to follow; for the cu 154 Riches ; monej.
786 6 most part, 1027 ~6~ ke-cu
patrimony.
;
ke-ou
cut-cin i co su cnt-cin ; he does cu png ;
accurately.
; phua clii ; spent all his patrimony.
si i cut c6ng nftng Ifti trade, ciu cu drink fee. cu-
things accurately. capital ill ;
kang
h&ng he is the one who brought the rest to
; ci"; a fee for service rendered.
take possession. c6-su mai° chau cut; in doing
i i6-m A book or volume
things do not be inexact, lia th6i° tieh cu 78 ; documents ;
nS chdu-chau cut-cut ; I see that he does things 774 6 writings characters, ;
very inexactly. th&k cu; reads aloud, thoi" cu ; reads silently,

sneh cu to expound a book. khau cu ; ques-
y^ cut 24 Those who execute a chiefs
tion pupils.
;
Ham cu; repeat passages from

^l" 2013 'Q orders ; underlings.
cu-cheh ; books. cek png cu ; a
soldiers. s-Q cut officers and men. memory.
pia°-cut ;
cu-p&ng ; a library,
;
book. cu-ce ; a school.
bo mia" cut; an unknown private soldier,
sio
cu kim money for buying school books. cu-
k&i cut kia°; a fellow of no account. sin soi" ;
BU cut; press forward beyond all others in battle.

kwn an office.
; cu-hng; a bookstore. cu
seng a .scholar.
;
cu-sin ; a letter. bun-cu ;
\J$jU cut 85 Smooth. dispatches. cu hiang ke a literary family, ;
I P3 650 10
cut-cut-kng glossy glairy ; ; ;
cu-thong; a boy who dusts a library. kia°-cu ;
of glassy smoothness, khut i ciah kau cut-cut- the classics. gua cu books other than the ;
kng ;
has all been eaten up clean by him. i kai classics. khai cu; plain text. cap cu ; all
thS,u-khak cut-cut-kng; his pate is bald and sorts of books.
shiny. bua kau cut-cut-kng; polish it till it
shines. hue-tia° sau kau cut-cut-kng;

the chunam floor so clean that it shines.
sweep 9-
^
/^^
cu
53
4
8
When placed between two
nouns it is a sign of the
m cut
779
;
115
5
Glutinous
cutbi; glutinous
cut-bi piig cook glutinous rice for food,
cut-bi choi ; make glutinous rice flour.
ceng
rice.
rice, bun
genitive which, what, that.
;
81 lia sim cu so sie"; it is what I thought.

tek cu nang a man of virtue.
chii it is what is best for you.
;
;
u
si lu cu hd
u cu what ;
pu we have. ci kai tu ii cu ; this business which

cut-bi mue°; make congee of glutinous rice.
we have on hand.
— cu —
cu 140 Now here still. ; ; jp» cu 140 A
certain plant, regarded as
kiA 1029 6 cu ci'a the following, this ; /2^ 53 ~4~ felicitous from its durability,
time, a phrase used at the beginning of a cu-mua"; the sesamun. cu-mua" iu sesamuu ;
notice. hin-cu-c5i just at present. ;

hin-cu- oil. cu-lang a plant often drawn in the
;
cS.i ci le" mueh tt

jieh kui ? How dear is this mouths of deers, and represented' in gilded
article just now ? cu, i° cang hue boi wn ; have models in temples, cu-lang hue a flower like
;
now sold off all the goods. an orchid.

To cO 132 One's from com-

cu 80 state in writing. 1^ self ; ;
1028 ^ cu-bun ; dispatches. cu- \r\ 1031 "0~ mencing at.

i ka-ki cu
hue; to inform
by writing. cu-eheng u sim- cti-ki one's self.
;
cfi-cin ; suicide,
he knows it himself. cu ko ci kim ;
mih su; he reported what business tliere was. cai ;
i 1(5 li cai-pin he is arranging the dispatches.

;
from olden times till now. cu-ca formerly, ;
cu khi su-ia ; the secretary who takes care of cu-lai hue n there has never yet been any.
;
the dispatches. tu soi"; heretofore. cu-lU jicn-jien ; certainly ;

of course. cu-jien kai ; natural ones. cQ u
38 kai ; spontaneously produced. cu co cu ui ;
cu Natural gifts.
self made. ( u si self confident. ka-ki cQ
.^ ^ 1028
thien-cu \\6 cSi cu-cieh h(5
6 ;
;
cai ; fine natural gifts. cu-sek ; beauty, thoi" si ; presumptuous, and self opinionated. tO-
cannot
self existent, put cu iu I
tieh i u kui hun cu-sek consider him rather ;
jien ju-jien ; ;
fine looking. cu-nie ; a lady. cu-nie km"; do as I would. cu-chong lu lai kau ta"; from
the time you came until now. cu lî cu khu
si ta-po a si cu-nSe ? Is it a
;
a young lady.
comes and goes as he pleases. cu cheng ;
boy or a girl ?
gives himself titles. png tiara cu cSu ; our
own manufacture. cu cS,i ; well and comfor-
86 To cook; toprepare food. table, cu-cu cSi-cSi ; in excellent health. bo
>»!% 00 9 cu piig; to cook rice. cA chki ;
hie" cu-cai not very well. cu au after that. ;
cu ciah prepai'e a meal get supper.
;
; ;
cu ph CO kau koi from difficult to easy, cu si ;
ci cong ;
from commencement to termination.
J221 c^ 89 A child a son a worthy.
^
cu a youth.
1030 "O^ nng-cn; a young girl,
(^vV*^ 5 ^ ^^^-
thong-
ciang-cu ; the
; ;
;
cwn 9 Bent upon ; set in one's way.
eldest son. tek cu ; a son of the chief wife. 689 9 ham i cie" i cwn ai" hie"; if
six cu sons of concubines.
;
lam-cu ; a boy. tell him to do this, he is sure to want to do
you
iu° cu an infant son.
; cong cii ; the one who that. i ai", ua cwn m he wanted me to, but ;
possesses the rights of primogeniture. kong 1 was determined that I would not. co-ni
cu ; the son of an official. chiah cu ; a young
kph-lo, i cwn-cwn m however much he is ex- ;
infant. cu sun; children and grandchildren,
postulated with, he is determined not to do it.
hau cu ; a filial son. pwn cu ; a son-in-law. cwn-cwn m hu i fully determined not to grant ;
khong-cu Confucius. ;m^ng-cu ; Mencius. it. cwn ai" cie"-se"; it must be so.
cu c]a pell ke all classes of authors. ;
cwn 169 To turn over to.

cu 85 To enrich ;
to increase. 117 11 cwn toi"; to transfer a mort-
1029 10
cu-jun moisten. cu-p6 to ; ; gage, cwn tng; to pawn to a third person,
cwn pin petition by proxy, cwn chiu ; return
strengthen. cu-p6 kai leh a tonic. cu-jfo ;
;
tl-hng disturb the peace of the neighborhood,

;
to one's hand again. cwn sie"; to think over
cu su make trouble.
;
cu Ivvn adds to the ;
and think differently. cwn tp-tng ; to
confusion. revert to.
cwn
To earn small sums to sell
154 ;
cu 85 To soak up, by capillary at-
yjit^ with difficulty,
13 IT
1032 11 traction,
chii-cwn; to earn a small amount with difficulty;
khut p6 cu ta kliu; the water has all been
ciii
to gain by under-selling; to sell at a small
soaked up by the cloth. ciii cu kau lok-
profit. ci kai po-thau io ho chii-cwn this ;
lok completely saturated.

;
cu kau thang mart offers a more favorable chance for mak-
kue khu soaked quite through. khieh ko
;
ing small sales, i cia si to cwn ci" kai ; this is
po khu cu i ta take a cloth and go and soak it ; what he earns his living by, selling it at a
all up clean. small profit. i ci cie°-si u ko cwn a bo ? Has
he had any way of making anything lately ?

cu 140 Potatoes. cek ni to chii-cwn u kiii peh ngun ; he makes
776 14 ho-lang cu; Irish potatoes, several hundred dollars a year by his petty sales,
hwn cu foreign potatoes.
;
so-bak cu pink ;
i cek
jit put kue chii-cwn kau peh gua ci"; he
potatoes. cu hiin; potato flour. pu cu- does not make more than a hundred cash or so
thng ; make some potato soup. cu i°; potato a day. i c6k
jit chii-cwn
u jieh coi ci" ? How
balls. much does he manage to rake and scrape to-
78 DICTIONARY OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT.
getlier in a day ?
i cek
jit cwn lai cwn kliA to coal as fuel at ? your house
cha, kai ngftn
cwn Q sa" si peh ci"; by diligently hawking his kiii ta° ? How many
piculs of wood for a
wares heie and there, he manages to earn three dollar ? cha kai nguii chit-cftp pe seventy ;
or four hundred cash a day. oh

ci ie° seng-li bundles of wood for a dollar. cha-thuu ; a
chu-cwn ;
it is difficult to find openings where knotty stick. phua cha; to split kindlings,
this business may be made profitable. phua cha p6 ;
a
cha-hue eiig ke
sniall axe.
cfti used a great deal of fire-wood.
; cha sai ;
-tBB cwn 64 To edit; to revise and publish. lumber; wood used in carpentry. ta cha m-
4^^ 118 12 ka-ki t6-cwn ;
composed by hd kQn hue; dry wood should not be laid close
himself. tho to-cwn revised thoroughly,
; to a fire ; do not put yourself in the way of
sia-cwn ;
to indite.
temptation. nua° cha m hd tio it is not ;
— cwt — well to lean on a rotten stick. khieh chtl ;
waifs; drift-wood. kheh-cfo ka° cha a
m
that is
cwt
my
83
64
6
wife.
then it is best to keep mum.
Stupid.
hd kai cQ
cJe°-8o" cia°
xia kfti se°-cieh
r1 lia "kki iSi
hd chang-cwt
cwt ;
;
stick in the bill of a magpie.
saw wood.
tit
ku cha; to
cha kho ; a wooden hoop.
ch& khui, b5i tit kii ka-ld,nh ; the wedge
6i
;
that rives, is itself nipped fast. cai cha k&i

slm si ngo-cwt; I am naturally very stupid. chft cun; a boat used for carrying wood. ch&
— cha — 6i wooden shoes.
; chft kiah ; wooden clogs,
chil kie ; a wooden bridge, chk pe"; a wooden
cha 48 To diverge a discrepancy ; a
;
handle. cek ki cha ; a fagot. cha pdi"; a
6 Y mistake.
slab. c6k kp chft; a piece of wood, cha cliui;
cha-chp ;
to err. cha-r7i-(p ; cha-i7i-coi ;
not
much cha khu hil;j; a great chips of wood. hie" ch&; sandal wood, b&k
difference, ;
cha ebony. &ng chfi; redwood. cie"ch&;
divergence, b6i cha b6i chak there is no ;
;
camphor wood. cie" cha bo mih 6i cii cam-

mistake in it. c6k-8i cha-chak a momentary ;
;
blunder, cham-cha; not uniform, chara-cha,

phor wood is not often affected by dry rot.
m coi; unassorted, cham-cham cha-cha, chwn kheh k&i ch& in grave a wooden seal. toi'
;
m kui-it very dissimilar, and not of one lot. cha; hard wood, chft khah pha"; this wood is
;
too porous. khd-noi ch& io jun the wood of ;
29 To the Persian lilac tougher. is ch& th&u a

place with the large and ;
Xcha 5 1 small ends alternating, stump. ch& pliue thiu ; a shaving.

cha chin ; to fold the arms.
laid together heads and points.
sie cha t6 kp
cha
cannot pack them in snugly, with heads and
points alternating.
bua
sie cha ciu pang tit

m
;
* cha 75 Witless ; doltish ; stupid.

619 8~ hua°-hi i cie" toa, cha-cha ne,
eng kai b6 eng am pleased to have him so ;
well grown, but he is stupid and of no use at

Iph; you can put them in, if you lay them with i kai cha kai, tit hd
the large and the small ends alternating.
all.
ng i he is a dolt and ;
no dependence can be placed on him.

^M> cha 86 To roast in a pan to fry. ;
cha
A^ 37 4 kang cha; to parch in a dry
It 942
75
3
kua"-cha ; a
pang lumber
coffin. kua*-cb&
for coffins.
che" cha; to fry the raw material, cha
;
pan.
bi'-kam-tg ; to parch rice for making coffee, — cha" —
cien cha ; to fry in fat. cha sek to fry till ;
cha" 126 To loiter to play to jest. ; ;
done, mai" cha khah thlam do not fry it too ;
731 3 tIt-tIt khu, mki" cha"; go
much.
straight there and do not loiter. ta" cha"
cha 167 A accustomed to jesting.

kiii°-si"; no ciah kau
^f\> voucher; a document; a two dogs were gamboling about,
(d cha"; the
jfe/ 37 4 receipt.
cha" kau ie"; cha" kau teng exhausted in the ;
ci''-cha paper money.
; eng cha use paper ;
lia in lu cha"; I am not jesting
sai cha ; send a draft. sport. kang
money. ngun lai ua° •with you.
cha ; exchange the money for a draft.
— chah —
jHbf cha 75 Wood; fuel; fire-wood. J^^ chah 64 To
insert ; to stick in ; to
^yf^ 11 5 cam ch& ; to cut fire- wood, ^p$ 9 set in a socket,
9
cha pe' ; fire-wood in bundles. eng cha lai chah pie ;
to stick in a label. chah chi'u ;
in-
cp mueh-hia°; use wood as fuel. nin si sert the hand, chah hue-bak ;
to stick flowers
bia" cha, a hia" thoa" ? Do you use wood or into a crevice by their stems. chah hie"; to
set the lower end of incense sticks into the 59 ornate

/tlV chai Variegated ; ; lucky.
ashes of the incense pot to worship the gods,
chah chau ui pie to stick in a .spear of grass
;
/XX 943 8 kuang-chai ;
brilliant, bun-
; chdi ; ornate. ngo chai ;
the five colors,
as a label, chah ki; to set up a flag, chah hi" and black. h(5-
blue, yellow, carnation, white,
ci"; put an arrow tlirongh the ear, as a punish- chai fortunate a good chance.
thau-chai
; ;
ment. 6i chah jip khu, boi poih chut lai can ;

hp a lucky hit.
;
phong tieh h(5 thdu-chai
chah m
;
stick it in, but cannot pull it out.
met with a capital chance. b6 chai cî most ;
jip cannot insert it.

; chah sit pne khu put ; unfortunate. u chai kjii opportune. thoi" ;
on some wings and fly off. chah co ho insert ; kau toah chai; beheld it with such delight
something as a mark. chah ki thau-chah ; that they applauded the actors, ciah kau toah
inpert an ornamental hair pin. chah ki hue ; chai so pleased with the feast as to clap and
;
wear a spray of flowers in the hair. kak chai an amulet,
applaud the cook. ;
chai bS.i a gay festoon, chai ki ; a variegated

To support and lead.
chah 64 ;
chai koi to adorn a street with gay

tî
yOt chah i khi lai put the hand
13 17 ;
flag.
devices,
;
chai sin clifang a platform prepared

under his arm and lift him up. lu tieh chah i; ;
for the gods to sit upon. chai sin pe°; an

you must support him by the arm. chah boi
elevated and gJiyly decked seat for the gods to
tit khi; cannot
pull him up. chah to i koh-
lu tieh khut lia cp
repose upon at a play.
thang-e, kia"-ui puah loh khu; upheld him by chai you must make a suitable apology to me.
putting the hand under his arm, fearing that
;
he would fall, i kai chiu mc"-me" cu lai chah;

chai kau ngi'a cai ; gayly decked out. kim
hue chai ang tinsel and glitter. ang chai
his hand was quickly extended to ; ;
support her. co
showy. cheng-chjii cSi very beautiful. ;
chah 172 Confused mixed hetero-

chai ce ; make it rather gay.
; ;
/|>pc 939 geneous. 10

chai104 Convulsions fits.
ju chah-chah chah-chah ju all in a tangle; ;
; ;
198 1'2 tu-bp chai fits. tieh ie"-
mingled with no regard to order; in the ;
utmost confusion. chai ;

has convulsions.
cek koi" ju-ju chah-chah,
eng kai in tit ; the whole place is turned upside chai 109 To
R/f^ notice; to pay attention
down, and nothing is in order there.
— chai — fl4v 944 T
mai" chai i ; pay no attention to him.
to.
i m
chai lia; he gave me no heed. ua toa
X^^ chai 94 Conjecture ; doubt to guess-
sia"
QH ham, i chwn m chai I called loudly

;
942 8 to him,
chai-gi doubt. chai mi°; ;
to guess riddles.
;
lu chai ce you guess at

but he paid no attention to me. m ciu ra chai;
lu cp-ni ham m chai
;
it. lu chai-thoi" si sim-mueh ? What do you took no notice of it. ?
conjecture be ?it to chai tieh cannot m ;

"Why do you not mind when you are told ?
conjecture. chai tit tieh can guess it. ki"
chai ki" tieh seeing is divining.
;
chai 30 An exclamation of disgust
; lang chai ;
D'JX
difficult to divine.
teng chai to apprehend.
-^ 828 8 or displeasure,
;
chai ! kia" khui khu ugh get out of the way
;
!
chai 64 To pluck to gather; to sip.

with you.
-py; ;
j^jV 994 8 chai boi ; buy the choicest, "

165 A betrothal
chai te; to pick tea. chai te kua; ballads JA. chai
943
present.
chanted by the tea pickers. chai sng ; to

-'^TV nap chai ;
to receive be-
trothal gifts.
gather mulberry leaves. chai hue to gather ;
flowers, chai che"; to gather herbs, ng-phang chai 140 Vegetables; edible herbs;
,/^f\
chai hue ; the wasp flits from flower to flower, ;:^fC 944 8 viands.
chai hue teng kai bit sip honey from the ;
ke" chai ; garden vegetables. che° chai ;
flowers. chu-chai to gather from different ;
greens in general. toa chai ; a large white
places. thi°-si loh ho bo thang ho khu chu- turnip the chief dishes.
;
sie chai ; condi-
chai when the weather is bad one cannot go
; ments, relishes, the smaller side dishes. hai-
about to earn money. cek ni chu-chai sa° sx chai ; food obtained from the sea. hai-chai
peh ngun cu kau eng if one could earn three ; pho a stall where shell fish is sold, chai pho;
;
or four hundred dollars a year, that would just a green-grocer's stall. phang chai; sweet
meet expenses. ci ko bo ho chii-chai li khu scented herbs, parsley, or sweet basil. ce
pat ko chu-chai if this is not a place for earn-
;
chai ; lenten herbs. ai° boi sim-mih chai
ing money, go elsewhere and earn it. sek ? What sort of vegetable i do you wish to
buy ? h6 chai ;
delicacies, khu boi cbai ; go jU J* 76 Materials of which things
chai
itiarketing. cp chai get the meal ready, sang yj 8 942
are made; nature or qualities,
cliai ; a present of food. inla°-ke pa-16i chki ; chai-lio materials, hd sin chai ; well formed ;
;
skillful in making relishe.s, desert-s, or side in cliai ju tok ; cut the coat
personable.
dishes. chai, ta" lai hue; put the viand.s on according to the cloth. lu thdi" i kai chai-
to cook now. kiam chai; sour-krout; pickled cieh hd a i7i hd ? What do you think of hi.s
greens. pSb chai than, ang chki than, iig- qualities ?
chai thau ; turnips, beets and carrots. khfin-
chai ; celery. ku-chai cives. khah-n^ chai ;
;
- J^ chai 64 Talents; mental capacity;
cabbnges. chai-hng a vegetable garden. ;
ta° ^^ 942 endowments,
cui khu eng chai ; carry water and water the chai cu ;
a nmn of parts, chai nng a talented
;
vegetables. kSu-hah-chai ; a coarse kind of woman. siu-chai ; a graduate; a Bachelor

cabbage. of Arts. hlen clmi ; a man of genius. cek
pfo nftng chai ; a fine looking man. li cbfti
chai 145 To cot or

fashion garments ; kkng; possessing groat executive ability. hd
943 6 to trim down to plan, ; chai-chfing; fine tact. bfin-chai ; literary
chai-hong; a tailor. chai kiara ce ; reduce it ability. sam ch&i ; the three powers, heaven
somewhat. tSi-cong-chai ; the curator of es- earth and man, who are supposed to rule all
8ay.s at an examination. toa chS,i, soi chai a ; things. put chai ; incompetent. khut tieh
full or a scant pattern, chai tio ; to reduce by lu kai chai make use of your intellectual gifts
;
cutting off. chai cie li'o thiet tlo; to diminish for ray humble purposes. bA chai bo ch6ng ;
the size by trimming off. chai-cink to calca- ; incompetent. n&ng-chai chut ceng ;
se" l&i
lato and plan. hd cai kio nang chai-ciak c6; excelling others in good looks, hd nang-cbai ;
go over the calculations again with the per- has a distinguished appearance. pa-hi bd
sons concerned. c6 chai-cink tia'-tioh cii kia°; cin, siu-chai b6 ke ; tliore are no real jugglers,
after making a fixed plan we will then execute and no fictitious graduates. tfii chut
n&ng
it. M hd cii-chai decide for yourself.
;
ci chai kai si-hHu a time when genius thrives.
;
kia° su si tl-tiang (d cu-chai ? Who is the one

that is to decide in this matter ? tdng i chai- ch&i J20 An adverb of time; at
ciak ho wait till he has come to a decision
; 946 17 hand ; then,
about it. lia huang-chai kku ;
I have just arrived. Heh
cie°-se°,chai si to-li; it must be thus, and then
Q-tI*
chai 154 Wealth property ; ; profits. it will be in accordance with correct principles,
^'j ^^3 3 hwt chai; become I ich. tit thoi" kii huang-chai m§ng-p6h ; after long con-
tieh chai ; obtain wealth. u chai-khi ; sub- sideration you will then understand it. cie°-
stantial portly ; an appearance of being well
; se° chai hd ; now then, it will do. huang-chfti
fed and prosperous. chai-cii chai-cu lau a khu has just now kau
; ; lio ; gone. mdng si
rich man. toa chai-cn a very wealthy man. hd at that time it
;
huang-chai 6i tit ; may be
chai-tong a capitalist.
;
thien chai ; a wind- about done.
fall, chai sin ia ; the god of wealth. phua
chai; to lavish wealth, cfichai; to accumulate chai 158 A ravenous beast.
property, hwt toa chai; become very wealthy, 11 8 chai-iang a wolf
;
. hd-kd
toa hwt chai makes money rapidly, thau-ke- kai chai-lang ho" pa coi cSi there are
;
; many
chai ; a thief of a cook. nang ui chai sf ; men wolves, tigers and panthers there.
lose their lives in pursuit of wealth.
khd thong sfn ; money can move the gods,
chai
— chak —
put ngi cu chai unjust gains. ; mong chai chak 85 The varnish or
lacquer- tree;
kix suah ; contemplate murder on account of a viscid or resinous juices
987 IT
tit chi ke chai
bribe. get a wife and money
; used in varnishing; to varnish,
to boot. phien chai ill-gotten gains. ; cia° lu si ai° iu a si ai° chak ? Will you have it
chai; honest gains. r7i tham
chai; not covetous painted or have it varnished ?
of gain. i
gua kai chai ; unexpected gains,
se" chai ; make a profit, se" chai u tan there To inquire into judicially;
chak 40
a correct way of becoming rich,
;
^»^
is
mong chai ^5^ 11 to observe closely,
9
hai mia"; lose life in the pursuit of gain, chak-thdi"; to scrutinize. chak twt ; to in-
tug-
cau ke chai; to abstract and pass over to othera quii'e into and decide a case. che-chak ; exa-
what belongs to the family served. mine into. soi chak ; examine minutely.
DICTION ABT OF THIS SWATOW DIALECT. 81
khra-eliak to criticise.
; Bin-meng kam-chak ; sim-tng a reprobate.
; thong chak fn chak ; ;
tlie gods exercise a censorship. lu tieh cliak an accomplice of thieves. pun chak thau
khu stolen by a thief. kai chak lai thau
meng-peh you must get at the truth of the
;
;
i kai much, thau m kue chfu a thief came to

matter, ang-chak-si a provincial judge. ;
;
steal his things but did not get them. f°
chnk In disorder to make a

167 chak kong chak take a thief to catch a thief,
îll 5 ;
5^fl 1004 mistake, '8 chak cng booty. ;

liah chak ciu cng; when
chvvii hoi cha-ohak there is 110 mistake in it. ;
the robbers are caught their prey is not far off.
mai" chak-cap do not get it confused, lu cha
; cng cin, chak bin; when the booty is dis-
via chak ; you are astray and so am I. covered the thief is found. boi tieh chak
cng ; buy go boi chak cng; buy
stolen goods,
chak a punch to chisel
167 A chisel stolen goods unwittingly. toa pang kai chak
^^^ ; ;
lien kua"-hu kai

â^ 19 or punch out; to dig out.
1006 lien kua"-pia'' i to 111 .iii,
chak-kia"; a chisel, chak kai khang to punch ;

much i ka" kiap; a great band of robbers is
out a hole. chwn-chak to here out. chak ;
not afraid of the regular troops, and dare take
even the magistrate's goods. kio
eie-lin-thang to dig through to the other side, tl-p(5 sit cii
;
khak-khak chak-chak u ceng-kd there is in- ;

khu chak cng a r7i si the person
jin thoi" si ;
disputable proof of it. ci kia" su sim si khak- held responsible for the good oider of the
chak ;
matter is thoroughly sifted.
this chak place, took the owner of the lost articles to
boi titcannot dig into it.
loh ;
mai" chak see whether those were the stolen goods,
khah chim do not chisel it too deeply.
;
chfi,k kang chak a harmful ruler, chak-si sue the
; ;
chim ce ;
chisel it deeper, chak khuah ce; dig strength of the insurgents is broken. chak
it out a little wider with the punch. cam cien kua"-pia" rij kue the rebels cannot with-;
chak; to carve out with chisel and punch. stand the loyal troops. chak pi"-co hd nang ;
a reformed thief. khut chak thau khieh it ;
chak 64 To dig the nails into; to

was stolen. chak ce a robber's hold. chak ;
358 8 claw. ia"; the rebel camp, au chak a wretch. pia° ;
1khut i kai chiu-cng-kah chak tieh she was ;

kau, chak ia kau when the loyal meet, the
;
clawed by his finger nails, i kai chiu-ciig-kah disloyal are among them. chak cun a pirate ;
chak kau i hueh lau she dug her nails into ship. ci tio 16 se" chak-be there are high- ;
;
him till the blood ran. wajmen along this route. bak-chak the ;
scouring rush. pheng chak to quiet the ;
chak 154 A thief; a robber; insur- insurgents. liah tieh kai chak, khtin lio, tio
957 6 gents. to chin teng; caught a thief and after binding
CO chak to turn thief.
;
liah chak to seize a ;
him liung him to a tree. chak-se° boi koi ;
thief, sang chak to conduct a thief to court, ;
the ungrateful do not repent. k6i-pi"lio b6
phah chak to punish thieves. ; jio chak to ;
CO chak after refoimation he is no longer a
;
pursue thieves. ui cluik surround the ;

thief. chak phua a female thief, chak sim-
;
thieves. hiiang chak bewaie of thieves, ui ;

su thievish intentions.
;
kok chak; an em-
chak afraid of thieves.
;
cau chak encounter ;
bezzler of the public funds. min chak; a de-
robbers. can chak to escape from thieves, ;
fraudcr of the people. chak chau a retreat ;
ngo tieh chak to fall among thieves. ;

phiia of brigands, chak tau-seng; the rebels return
chak to disperse a band of robbers.
;
jiimg to allegiance, chak cie ua°; the rebels sue for
chak; toah chak; to call out "Thief, Thief." peace, chak kai ki-ho the rebel banner. lS.u ;
pe° chak to head off an escaping thief,

; khiin chak k^ cioh-me"; the old thief affects night
ch&k bind a thief.
;
chau chak extirpate ;
blindness. co chak boi si, toiît seng-lf ;
thieves. chak"-thau chak-sfu a rebel chief- ; ;
successful rebellion is the most profitable
tain, chak-kia"; a rebel follower. ci° chak- business.
kia"; a young rebel, sua" chak banditti. hai ;
chak pirates, kiap chak freebooters, chiap

; ;
Ph chak 64 To spear, to thrust, to
chak; a petty thief. hwn ch&k insurgents, ; 84 13 punch,
pwn kut chak; rebels, hiang-be chak; mount- chak tieh chin ; ran it into my hand. chak
ed highwaymen. chak pia"; the lebel force, phiia theng broke the window by punching it.
;
chu chak a sly. thief.; chak tun-ke; one who khieh ki much to hai teng chak si chak sim-
harbors thieves. chak-tau a den of thieves, ;
mih hu ? What sort of fish are they spearing
chak se"; ungrateful. chak heng; rebellious, there in the sea? chak plma kai khang;
chak mak a sly expression of the eyes,
; chak punched out a hole. chak kau hueh lp,a ;
82 DICTIONAIIY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
thrust it in so that it made the blood run. ij=* cham 173 The last drops of a shower.
mki° ch^k tieh mak ;
do not thrust it in your nn 545 6 chara-chiii; odds and ends ;
eye. lu cie"-se'' tieh kua au-leng chak phua miscellaneous bits; fractions; re-
leavings;
kbu; if you do like that you will drive it into mainders; residue. cham-cham chiii-chui
your own throat. cang chio° cbftk i took a ;
kai, hd chieh-io ; what is left over is of no con-
into hirn,
spear and drove 6i" tiaiig-si co cham-chiii khang>
it
sequence.
khiie ; do odd jobs when you have nothing else
ch&k 18 To braise or abrade by com- to do. chara-chiii khieh ka-nng; fractions
^1] 9.50 10 ing in violent contact with may be gatliered up into a whole. i vS cham-
fiomething. chiii boi a bo ? Does he sell any at retail.

a potsherd, min
ang-le chak tieh bruised by ;
khut chlu-ki chak kiiu hueh lau ; had his face chkm 149 A sybiline hint; an omen.
barked by a branch so that it bled. khut ki 948 17 chkra gu ;
a prophecy,
tek-kia" chak tieh kha-liam ; barked his shin hong keng pai cham get prayers said for a
;
on a small bamboo. hfaiu-hiam chak sie-lin- long life. t6 cham a diagram or picture
;
thkng khu; came very near cutting

it clear
indicating future events.
through by running against something.
— cham — cham To repent ; to regret.
14
61
cham-hiie; to repent.
17 pki
cham 64 To mix to mingle. chkm ; make offerings in token of repentance,
i^© ;
}^ 13
How much do
17
with the
î"cham jieh coi loh
mix
khi P a.s do Buddhists.
you wish to in
ch&m 149 Treacherous
other ? m h<5 cham tieh pat miieh ; do not ^jg ;fawning.
n).\i" cham lai fly^ 13 17 cliAm chin a disloyal no-
put anything else in with it.
;
cham ble, cf kai nang si tong a cham ? Is this

chain khu; do not intermingle them.
ke t{am-kia° loh khu; mix in a little more of it. person loyal or disloyal ? chain kai si mia"-ke
cham cuu-cdu; mingle them thoroughly. khi-ph\en, ku ka-kl, hai h<5 nang tong kai al :
kio i siang hwn ; the treacherous are skilled in

cham 118 To write one's name to deceit, and through love of self injure the in-
^^^ ;
nocent the honest are the opposites of such,

^j% 981 13 sign to subscribe,
:
;
chani-il; a circular, subscription paper

or kang cham ; treacherous. cham-chin kiii ; a
cham traitor. cham-chin chui treacherous lips,
round-robin. mia"; to subsci'ibe one's ;
name. cham-chin chie; treacherous smiles.
X^ cham 28 To join for consultation ; to cham A feeling of shame.

61
«^^ 946 9 be admitted to an audience; 947 cham-khiii mortified, ka-
11 ;
confused; to report against, ki cham-khiii conscious of one's own defects,

;
cham-cha, m
coi unassorted. ;
cham-cham sim lai cham-khQi ; cherishing a sense of
cha-cha; incongruous. lu ua lai cham-sSang; shame. ci cuang su cham-khui cSi ; am very
let us talk it over together, cham pai ; visit; a much mortified about this. boi cham-khui ;
superior. tio i kai kua°; degraded him
cham not at all abashed. mien eng cham-khui ;
in office. cau cham ; to memorialize upon. there is no occasion for your being ashamed.
chara-ki°; chio-cham go to a levee. cham- ;
ciang cham-hu
;
a colonel or post-captain,; lil^S*
cham 46 A cliff ;
a high peak.
ohia" cham ;
to request dismissal from office ; jljîgi 14 17 cham-ngam a cliff, ;
cham-
to resign. pang cham ; to permit a visit. cham ngam-ngam craggy, ci kai sua" cliam-
;
ngam cSi this mountain is very precipitous,

;
|K^^ cham 61 Distressing ;

miseiâble ; ex- i kai min se" l5i cham-cham ngam-ngam his ;
f^^ 947 11 cessive suffering, features are very sharp, min cham-cham has ;
chi-cham afflictive. ;
cham c2,i very greatly ; a rugged face.
distressed, cham kek in the utmost distress, ;
sim si cham in extreme misery, thia" i khau

;
chSm 162 To go off at the side;
khu sim cham heard him weeping bitterly.
;
274 5 diagonally.
m cai cham ; unacquainted with sorrow. boi kia° ch5m-sia io kun, li io oh kia"; to go across
cham not lacerated in feeling. cham cheng ;
lots is nearer, and it is also more difficult
;
inhuman. thoi" tieh cham considered it tiii ci-ko ch5m-sia cham-sia kue
; walking.
khau cham to cry out because khu cut across here diagonally. chSm-kah ;
distressing. ; ;
of suffering. diagonally opposite.

ch5rn-clmah. Nearly but not quite chang 44 To moan.

796 opposite. 119 9 i t(5
chang; he is moaning,
CO chatu-chuah to ko sat facing but not in
;
lia thia".ki" chang kau hai"-hai''-kie si cp-ni ? I
front of him. i kai
rang kio i chS,in-chuali ;
hear a pitiful moaning, what is it ? i ca me"
the two entrances are nearly opposite each boi ut, chang cek me"; he could not
sleep last
other. chara-chiiah sie hiang facing each night, and moaned all
;
night.
other, but not quite in line. hu tio hang kio
hu tio koi cliSra-clmah the lane and the street 85 Vast, like the sea.
;
chang
are nearly but not quite conterminous. 950 10 chang hai ;
the ocean.
80 To peck, as a bird does.

cham 149 To speak harshly.
jl^; ^gt chang
H^[ 10 cham kau hueh lau pecked
970 969 10 khu chang i am
him so that the blood ran. cham kau phiu
;
P^^ lia lai
;
I
going to speak severely to him. i si lai chang
phue ; pecked off the skin. cham tieh i kai ua; he came and spoke harshly to me. khut
mak pecked him in the eye.
;
khut i chin- tia
chang kau i cng kai bp ue in I spoke to ;
chiim no e cm ciah khu ; it was eaten up by him so sharply that he had not a word to an-
him at two pecks. swer, chang kau i bp Hen cSi spoke to him ;
in such a way as to leave him

— chang — abashed. lu khu kau, mai°
completely
chang i khah
thiam when you get there, do not overbear
"^^S chang 140 Onions. ;
1024 him too completely. khut lia chang no ku

4\i£% 9 chang-thau onions, chang ;
;
was briefly reprimanded by me.

peh the bulb of an onion, chang hieh onion
; ;
tops. phang chang strong onions. chang

;
kun the rootlets of the onion, chang hieh hp

; chang 167 A spokeshave for shav-
pun pi; an onion top makes a good flute, pak 14 11 ing iron ; to shave with
a spokeshave.
chang; northei'n onions. chang-cu minced ;
ci ki tp hue ceng chang; this knife has not yet

onion. chang-thau peh cek hah cek hah ;
been made smooth by being shaven.
pick off the scales from an onion. i (p
cp
chang thi-tp kai kang-hu ; his work is that of
^^^ chang 184 A meal. smoothing razors with a spokeshave. kng-
,@^ 946 7 cek jit sam chang ;
three cui mngS kai cu m
hp cp chang steel that is ;
meals a day. tai not very hard will not do for making a shave
™^g' chang
supper. ;
the Lord's to shave iron with.

chang dinner. ;
sia" chang ;
si ke° cS,u
Supper. pfig, ngo ke° pa chang,
thi"-kng khi kia"; prepare ihe meal soon after
midnight, eat before dawn, and start at day-
light, jit bo pa chang cek tng, me" bo
M
chang-cSu
chang
116
;
18
10
to create.
To make
begin.
chang-sf
;
to found
;
to invent,
;
to
un stii sa" ke"; not one full meal during the chang ke-ngiap; found an estate, chang lip; to
day, nor six hours restful sleep during the
institute. chang c6 the founder of a family,
;
niorht. chang cek kp seng-li; to start a business in a

place. ci cek kp tl-hng, si ua khu chkng kai ;
140 Hoary. it was I who first settled in this

chang spot. chang
10 15u chang thau ; hoary
950 kai sia"; found a city. chang to to establish ;
headed. thau-mo'' chang-peh hoary hair, ;

a capital. chang tit khi; succeeded in an
chiu chang-peh hoaiy beard. ; tap-sia" chang attempt to establish, chang m khi could not ;
thi"; thank the hoary heavens. po-tap slang institute it. chang hie"; commenced a settle-
chang recompense the veterans.
;
ment or village. khui-chang to begin, as a ;
settlement, chang kau ta", cia" io heng-seng ;

^>
^^
chang
949
chang-huang
9
8
Flurried.
flustered, ;
much time has elapsed since it was started and
now it is just beginning to flourish.
chang-chang huang-huang in trepidation, lu ;
mai" chang-huang don't be in a flurry. lu chang 9 Perverse ; ugly mulish.

;
^^S^ ;
cie" chang-huang si ai" khu ti-ko ? Where are \x^ 948 17 chang-thau a scamp, ;
you going in such hot haste ? chang chut kai chang-thau cai rascally.
;
chang cSi hate- ;
Bi-hau, ta° m cheng-chp time is too pressing

;
ful, ci kai
nang chang cSi this is an ugly ;
and so I cannot tell you the whole story. fellow.

IXj cli&ng 102 A field ; watered ground. field inpledge. chfa cliang sok tng chang ; ;
PCJ coll clmng; till the soil, to redeem a field that has been mortgaged,
898^
cph chang-ling k§,i imng ; a farmer. nie pa-ciam nang kai chung; to usurp a field. i
ai" a" lia k&i
cli&ng; land that i.s subject to taxation. cieh chang clu si; he wishes to get
unlawful possession of my that
cbaiig; the field itself. ehang co ; the rent field, is it. kfl
of a field, ciang chftng ; to measure a field. chAngco; made away with the share of pro-
duce due for the use of the field.
chS.ng-sua"; real estate. kong ch&iig ;
fields ch&ng
owned in coninion. cu eh&ng ;
fields whoso chek, ciah png kai nang; a city man who owns
a farm. chuiig-kia"; chfing-tfii'; tenants on
rent given to descondants that take a
is
cok bo clmtig wn jieh coi land. ngi chang ; fields whose rent is used
literary degree.
nie ? What is the amount of the taxes on one for benevolent objects. cph ch&ng-hn>r Ime
acre of rice-field ? chfi,iig ko agriculturalists, ; pki ngo-kak-cii ; farmers worship the god of
cliang thilu, chung biie tlie two ends of a rice-
; grain. chang-hai pi"-cp sng-ch&ng tlie sea ;
field, chfiiig kau; the ditch which drains a

transformed into land. t5i' nftog kfii chdng
field. chfing ciii the water which irrigates
;
Ifti
cph ; take a field to work on shares. tla
a field. M
hak jieh coi 1)6 chang ? How much kai chung ai" cie t6i° nfa ke°; I wish to let out
watered land do you own ? ch&ng cii the ; my fields to be worked on shares. chtlng
owner of the field. chtliig cu-nie tiie woman ;
kham ; terraced fields. chftng kS'; the edge of
who owns the field. a field.
chang cii tia the old ;
man who owns the field. poi° ch&ng to ;
prepare a field for planting, loi ch&ng; plough chftng 140 To hide away ;
to con-
a field. sai chang; guide an ox in ploughing 950 14 ceal.
afield. engch&ng; feitilizo a field. lin-chang to conceal. chftng t6 tl-k6, mfi ?
phuah ;
chAng ; pnt liquid fertilizers on a field. tiih Where is he concealed ? khut i

chang-nfik
cUi kwn ch&ng ;
to ii'rigate a field by treading khu it was hidden away by him.
;
ch&ng
a chain pump. ci kliut ciii kiia" jieh coi bo kang cak harbours evil thoughts.
tdi ; cf k&i
cliftng ? How many
fields does this pit supply tS-ll chim-chftng cSi this doctrine is ;
verj
with water? pe chang; harrow a field, abstruse. pau-chftng cSi-coi i-su t6 Igi ; there
loh charg; go a-field. p6 chung plant ;
is
deep meaning in it. pau-chang to t<S Ifti,
rice, chang-hng bvvn kwn; an immense estate, b6 ta" chut Ifti ; ponders it in his niind, and
chftng lio a hut in a field,
; slang chang, tong says nothing about it. ke chang k&i mfieh-
chang, h!a chang the most elevated, the mid-
; kia"; family treasures heirlooms laid up. ; la
dle, and the lowest terrace. kui° ch&ng, ke long hue im, bwn chang hue tSu ; beauty awa-
cL&ng; high lying and low lying fields, chang kens lust, and careless usage of valuables
kai the boundary of a field, chang khbi the
; ; tempts thieves. t6 ISi chang tp chSng kiam ;
deed of a field, chang pi" chang, chii pi° chii ;
treacherous. chSng kau mi°-mi", chue in tieh;
neighbors in field and in dwelling. chang clo.sely concealed so that it could not be found,
killchang ke-hiie
; ; farming implements, cph chfing to hu tdi; hidden away inside. p-chAng
chang bo sai-pe, ci ai" pui-pun nge you need ;
i7i-h(5
rtkng ; harbours evil doers. u nang kd
not be a master workman
in order to till a p-chang i kai, kio i tfmg cfle ; those who har-
field, you merely require diligence in putting hour him, are equally guilty with him. ci kfti
in manure. bo pui-piin ho loh chang; there nang thau-khieh Ho, md°-me" chang-pung hu
is no manure for the land, ci ko cliJing si loh kai nang kai sin teng this one steals it and
;
tau-kho hd a si loh tu-kut hd ? Which is the immediately conceals it on the person of the
best fertilizer for this field, bean-cake or other.
bone-dust ? chfing ii Sah, tieh me°-me° chi"
hun kut; there are grubs in the soil, and Jf^ chSng 78 To injure ;
to mangle ; to
tobacco stalks must be put in at once.
ch&ng-th6-phueh dig up a field, pua" chang;
;
kut
7^
chang-h.ai
947 8 spoil.
liang-min ; injure the innocent,
carry off the sand that the tide has deposited chang- jim cruel. ; chang-chak ; to oppress.
on a field. liu chang tho take the soil from ; mai° khu chang-chak i; do not go and wrong
a field. sun chang to go and look after a ; him. sin kai chang pia°; the remnant of the
field. cp-pu lai khu thoi" chang go together ;
slain troops, chi'u cok siang chang fraternal ;
to look after the rice-plot. ch4ng tong; a strifes, i cfl

siang chang tah ; they themselves
real estate agent. chang ke the price of a ; destroy each other by trampling each other
field. kio nS,ug toi" kp chang mortgaged a ; down. hue chang lio ; the flower has faded,
field to some one. tng kp chang ; give a pit eng khu chang lio ; the pen is worn out.
To do violence ; to assault;
62 herbs. che''-chau herbage, kuah sua" chau; ;
I^Ws* cIiS,ng
to kill as when a soldier
969 cut wild grass, ta° be chau carry fodder for
7|/^ 4 ;
kills an officer, or a fojeign foe kills the ruler horses. ciah chau ; feeds on giass. tiu-kd-
;
to maltreat; to raisuse. chau rice straw. ; beh-kd-chau ; wheat straw,

se" chau the grass grows on his shop
chriiig kua"; murder a magistrate. ui i khu pho-kha ;
poi" cha,ng kua" kTvi ua"; depute him to go steps, chau-ptiueh; turf, sin hue-chau; fresh
and give judgment in a case of assault on a vegetation. chau sek grass green. lu mki" ;
kua" cie"- thoi" i chau-chau; do not consider his being in

magisti-ate. clulng-pau ruthless. ;
se" SI chung-hriitieh peh-se"; in so doing the dishabille. boi chau-chai ; sells greens, pun
maltreat the people.
officials i ka-ki hia" ti huang a-phah tieh, boi se" chau ;
it is so ex-
posedto the wind that the gra.ss will not
siang chang; the brothers themselves maltreat grow
each other. there. chau-thau lio co kai niak ji : ci kS,i
— chap — ji
si
ter has the

to si to mak po ? This charac-
chau po, a
one for grass above and the one
-f^£j chap 64 To interrupt ; confusion. for eye below: which of the two is its radical ?
4^vi 13 17 chap clmi chap cih ;
to put se" clifiu ; rushes.
grassy. kiam ciii-chau ;
in one's gab. chap-cap; in confusion, tl-hng chau ;

salt marsh
kai chau-thau ciu
grass. i
chap-cap ;
the place is in great disorder, raai" hp, i kai ji-nang m-lio; his chief wife is an
khu chap- cap tieh i do not go and disarrange
;
amiable person, but his inferior wife is not.
it,
chap hai ci" ;
bad cash. chap-chap cap- chau-chieh straw matting. mia°-ke ue chau-
;
cap, cng kai m sun all in disorder, with ; thaug is skillful in the delineation of insects,
;
nothing properly ananged. chap-hun to ; chan-me"; a grasshopper. chau chii ; a

interrupt. lu mai" chap-hun khu do not go ;
thatched house. chau lio a straw wigwam, ;
and disturb it. ci'-ko bo nang chap-hun; there chau khun a clump of grasses. ; chau-thau
is no one to interrupt us here. kit-hvvt; the chief wife, gu to hwn chau;
— chau — the tattle are chewing the cud.
nang make a scarecrow.
;
pak kai chau
chau 64 To
to write out. transcribe
HfciJ>
g ^ 36 4
chau-sia; to copy out. chau
;
lill
An insect, the com-
>B* chau-kau
raon mantis, 504
peh make a fair copy.
;
chau ua"-kwn ; to
write the records of a case. chau phoi-gu ; chau-kau phi"; the point carved in the shape
chau chut l&i lia of a mantis.
copy an official decision.
thoi"; copy it for me to see. ci'a
ji
si chi'u chau
kai, a si "in kai? Is this written or printed ? chau 140 Aquatic grasses; elegant,
oh bie, oh sek li'o, cia" oh chau when you ;
953 16
polished ; finegraceful,
have learned to trace the letters well through composition,
thin paper, you may then learn to write from hai chau sea-weed, ciii chau ;
; aquatic weeds,
a copy. loll hie" chau hue go to the hamlets ;
such as duck-weed, pond-weed, and their like,
i kai su-chau iam-li
begging, as a mendicant priest does, chau ke; ;
his expressions are apt
search and seal up a house, as when it is confis- and elegant.
cated. kia''-chau; the Peking Grazette. chau-
16k CO cek png ;
transcribe into one volume. A bad odor; stench stink-
chau 132 ;
4 ing. 52
chau c5i ; very ill
^- chau 64 To drill ;
to take in hand. smelling. chui chau a foul breath. chau ;
955
chau lien chau in to di-ill
13 ; ;
niia"; disreputable. cai phang chau does m ;
troops. toa chau a grand review of troops, ;

not know the difference between a sweet and
thdi" chau to review the troops.
; tio chau ;
an offensive odor, i ka-ki i7i cai gua-khau k4i
summon to a review, cong-tok chut sun-th6i° mia"-sek chau he is not aware how bad a
;
chau the governor reviewed the army, chau

; reputation he has abroad. chau mueh-k!a";
sim cai careworn. ;
m ka" chau lu kai huai ;
ill
smelling stuff. chau kue sf-n4ng; stinks
dare not put you to so much trouble. mai" worse than a dead carcase. chau koh-thang-S
khu chau-ji'o i do not trouble him about it.
;
hien an offensive odor from the
;
armpits,
phi" tieh kai chau bl smelled a bad smell, ;
t~f chau 140 Grass herbs weeds. ; ; chau-che"; noisome. chau-khi; fumes, chau
"
I 956 6 chau-bak vegetable pro- ; kau a worthless dog. chau tong-si a scamp,
; ;
ductions, chau hue flowering plants, chau- ; chun c6k choh au-ku chau-chau kai mueh had ;
mo"; ferns, chau-po a meadow. bue-chau } ; some rotten ones left. chau kû ue koi";
66 DICTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALECI.
imells so as to scent the whole place. tftng ch&u 47 A haunt a resort ; a reh'eat.
;
chi° boi kaa ien, tang ien boi kau chau ;

sells 37 8 cf kai si i kai chau-hwt this ;
it from the time it is prime till it becomes is his lurking place, chau-iiwt kien-ku cai; his
tainted
tainted and from the time it becomes den was very secure. chak-chau a robber's ;
till it is rotten. raai° thia" i kai chau ue do ; resort. slang-ko ch&u-ku an ancient haunt. ;
not listen to his obscene talk, to u cek choh

chau 6U; there is always some nasty affair on ||/K chau 30 A hubbub.
hand. boi phang boi chau it has no odor. ; "x ^7 clamor.
4 chaa-
chau-iiau ;
tai chau-nau c6k tie"; a

hd un ce hie"-cha lai phek tlo chau-khi burn ; jiang; altercation.
the unpleasant odor. i ke lai i7i hiia, e-e chaa-chau
some incense to drive away great uproar.
nau-nau; they are not a harmonious family,
1=1 chau 64Principles; rules of
conduct. they have a row every now and then. kfo-
955 13cak-chau ; fixed rules of con- tha kau i chau-chau nau-nau ; incited them on
firm as a pine till they came to have a regular brawl, i hia"-
duct, seng-peh kai cak-chau; }\s
tree. -sng kai cak-chau chaste as ice. tl-kia" thia" naiig ka-so, clu chau-chau nau-
pia ;
nau ; the brothers listened to iho.se who would

^ 86 Dry, parched.
chkvL set them at variance, and so hatl a row. cie"-
m
13 kang-chau dried up. chui
727 ;
se" ciu ti-kau chau-nau, hiah; thus it was
that tliero was a continual rumpus,
kang-chau; the mouth parched, au-leng kang-
khn'^-koi
mai" chau-nftu advised him to make no
chau; the throat dry and husky, chui ko-cliau;
i ;
the mouth dry. chau-jiet kAi much m-li(5 ciah; disturbance.

do not eat things which make the mouth dry.
— che —
chui-lim-phue cio-chau ; parched lips.
/^ che 29
fork ; to fork up. A
^^^ khla che; to hold a fork,
6 1
^ chau
954
157
13
Hasty; harsh.
kip-chau ; testy. chû-
ngun che ; a silver fork, thih che iron forks.
sa ge che a three tined fork.
;
no ge che ; a
;
; prone
to auger. cliau-chau pJiu-pSu. two pronged fork. c5k ki che ; a fork. c6k
pjlu
hot tempered. phu-chau ; hasty ; touchy, hu to che a set of knives and forks. nia°-h6
;
phu-cheng chku-klu ; irrasible. c6k-ku c6k- che a pitch fork.

;
ho" m cie" che bo ta i ua ;
tSng phu-phu chiiu-chau, chwii m thim-cu"; at if the tiger does not roar at the pitch-fork,
the least thing he flies into a rage and there is nothing can be done with him. cham che l6
no pacifying him. sim lai cio-chau; in a rage, than cross roads.
;
me" che ; mischievous
ku-chku ; quick-tempered out of temper. ;
sprites which roam at night. pue che the ;
play of throwing up tridents and catching them,

chau 60 To shift ;
to move things. che khi lai take up with a fork.;
che m khi ;
789 "8" m cia", tieh chau i cia"; it is could not take it up with the fork. che tSa
not set squarely, and must be moved about till
kp ce fork a
up bigger piece.
;
che tieh se"-
leng-ua° chau-pang hu khau ; shift kut ; stuck the prong into a bone.
it is. it
back and set it outside the door again. f°
chau khu ce ; move the chair a little farther che 48 To send as an envoy; an
chng chS,u-bua move the table nearer.
off. ; envoy, 6 7
che-hiah; an official underling, tng che; to act
chû 85 A canal a channel. ;
as an envoy. che su; the business on which
955 11 chau uu; a thoroughfare for one is sent, koi-che; a policeman, ngwn che;
boats. chau ho ; the Grand Canal. chau the first constable sent. phau kia" che ; a
cun a transport boat.
;
chau-un cong-tok commission to the capital. che seng ; official
si cong kwn chau-ho tang ksii chau-ciin un-cai messengers. khim-che an ambassador, ;
nie-bi kAi su, ia siet u chau-t2,u hun If; the khim-che tai chic a legate. pang toa khim-;
Imperial Commissioner of grain controls the che to send an envoy.

;
cwn che i khu ; send
transport of grain through the Grand Canal, him especially for this. pi che a messenger ;
and appoints deputies who assist him in his under discipline.

office.
che 64 To haul.
chau A revisory ill: 40 haul to and
4 che lai che khu
72 judge, or judge ;
955
7 of appeals. fro. and haul.
la-la che'-che mua°-t4- ; pull
_
u meng kai
cla si thi'en-chAu ;
this is what the ko theng la-che ; rake and scrape everywhere,
la-che m lai could not rake and scrape enough
gods have commanded. ;
together to answer the purpose.

ti-ko fp la- face. pua" che" s§k half cooked ; half ripe.
;
che tit Q ? Where can enough be raked and tang che" ciah kau sek eat from it all the time
;
che chiii haul so as while it is being cooked. che" ieh drugs not
scraped together for it ? ; ;
to break in pieces. che iIi kliui cannot haul ; yet prepared for use. i I'o che" chia
;
lie is a
it ofif. che cu haul fast, thoa-thoa che-che ;

;
raw hand at it. ci ie" su i io che"; he is not
drag along. very familiar with this business. khi-thau-e

lai, che" ia"-ia"; has just come, and everytliing
che 27 A privy. is new and strange to him. che" ciah eats it ;
1035 9 cie° che; to go to stool, che- raw. che" mak, thdi"-m-chut ; the eyes
being
ti ; clie-kng; a well for holding nightsoil. unaccustomed to it, do not discern it. i me"-
kua niua"-ti-kp kliu chai che"; he goes about

•\/^ che 64 To take up between two
everywhere in the night picking fresh vegeta-
^/V 5 '6
chop-sticks, bles and fruits.ke ki cho"-lak kun 16h khji
che cek toa tu took up a big lump. bo no e
;
cQ cien ia"; a fresh body of
if
troops join them
che ciu wn khu ; it was all gone before we had
they will conquer in the fight. che"-hun ;
taken two mouthfuls. ciah mueh tieh u kui-
bashful. che"-ehe" hun-hiin very diffident, ;
ku, mai" che khah toa cliiii ; in eating, one khu kau che" than m pat min did not know
;
must behave properly and not take too big each other when they met.
mouthfuls. m-h(5 li-li che do not eat too ;
fast. chS cek pfig-ua"-thau take up a tid-bit ;

che"-rae"
Blind.
for the top of the bowl.
185
che"-me" kia"; a blind
To examine fellow. cek ciah mak che"-me"; blind in one
^f^ che 75 ;
to scrutinize.
i kai mak che"-rae" khu she has become
i^, 6 5 ch§ sio ;
to audit accounts, eye. ;
che siu examined and found it had been blind. che"-me" lai-ciang; blind, with no
;
received. che-me"-kua°; night guards. che appearance of disease in the eye. kie che°-
koi patrol the streets. ch6 ho patrol the me" sin-se" lai pliok klme ; call a blind for-
; ;
sun che ; to tune-teller to cast a horoscope. khang che°-

river. ch§-chak to scrutinize. ;
lu ho khu che you go and look me"; lead a blind man. cek kai tok ciah mak
inquire into, ;
it over lu cai khu che tia" ce ; kai khang cek khun che"-me" kai; a one-eyed
carefully.
one, leading a flock of blind ones. che"-rne"
you go again and look it over with a view to
lia che kue Ho
koi tph tieh si nio-chu a blind fowl pecked
making it more correct. I ;
;
have already looked it over carefully. ch§ m into a dead rat; he got it by good luck, not
chut; cannot discover it. che tieh, io si cie"- by ability.

se"; have looked it over, and it remains the
same. che tieh iTi tui looked it over and 72 A star.
came to a different result. che ke kah take

;
;
Mchc"
808 6 cek liap che"; a star. ngo
a census. oi ke-mng-ho khu che take the ;
che"; the five planets. kim che"; Venus, hue
domiciles in order, and inquire at each. che che"; Mars. ciii che";
Mercury. bak che";
to bo examined and found none.
; ch6 liah Jupiter. tho che"; Saturn. che" hi-hi the ;
search for spies. stars are far apart thi" teng kai che"; the
kang-soi ;
stars of heaven. thien-bun-seng raiii-me"
-jBrt che 64 To press down as in throttl- lun-ltu thoi" che"; tho royal astronomers take
4/U 629 4 ing. turns in watching the stars every night, cau-
cang chia che i kai am throttled him. i k§,i
;
hue u kiu die"; there was timely deliverance,
lak toa cai ciah ho" kbut i kai chi'u che to
: ho-khoi toi kai che" ia hph c5i ; there are also
tho-e his strength is enormous: the tiger was
; many stars in the milky way. che°-siu the ;
pinned down to the ground by his thumb and starry hosts. ci liap che" ciu ni to ko,
fore-finger. i kai
nang hiam-hiam khut i bo kia"; this star stays all the year round
kai cliiu che si khu; he was
very near being and does not move. che" u khi kia" me", u
throttled and killed by him. khi kia" mang some ; move faster
of the stars
— che" — than others. che"-to ; an astronomical atlas.

che"-sin kue to a star moving from its place,
;
/rf che" 100 Raw

unripe ; crude un- ; ; jit gueh che" kie-cp sa" sin, ia kie-co sara
- I * 742 polished ; unaccustomed, kuang ; the sun moon and stars are called the
che^-kuai"; fresh fruits. che" nek raw meat, ; heavenly bodies and are also called the three
che" hu uncooked fish.
; che" min ; the plain great lights. che" tixi loh lai ; a star fell,
surface. nang-min che°-sp an unfamiliar clio" me" khu pp; went
;
by starlight to inform
88 DICTIONAKT OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
him. cham siang no che"; two stars in oppo.si- ch6"; whatever reasons you bring before him,
tion. che" cu-hue stars iti conjunction. ;
b6 he not aroused by them.
is (it kau cui, ham
hie" am, u che", khd-i" h<5 ki.i" 16; it is not thiing kiia" i hwn-lio boi che"; he is souud
very dark, the stars are out, and we can go by asleep, and though you call for half a day he
tlieir light. che" kun ; the star that rules the will not wake up. ra^ng kau hu-kp, ciu kia"
year. khue-che"-iriii an observatory, sau-
;
che" khi lili having drearued thus far, I woke
;
soi-che"; a comet with a flaring train, chiang- up in affright. kau keh

jit kai ciii cia" che";
che"; a comet with a long st might tail. loh after sleeping intoxication he will
off his
ngo che"; consult the stars. ciie" iap-iap-sih ; awaken, cfa si che" s'l kî ue ; this is startling
stais twinkle, che" toa liap soi Hap stars are ;
langnage. wi hu hue hvvn-lio che" t6 ko ; I
of different magnitudes. ti-liang s)o tit thi° was then still awake. fit m
kû, kau ua°-ua*
cle" kai che"? Who can count the number of cia" che"; I did not sleep enough, and woke
the stars? up very late. thia" lia cJtf"-so" ta° i kai situ
cia" ce -ng6; when he heard me say this be
'^4^ che" 174 The color of the earth sea became aroused.
j-*J 995 ^ and sky the dark greeu of
;
wakened.
ut hue che"; has not yot
i che" a bQe ? Is he awake
yet ?
plants ;
wan ; pule. ham i i7i hku" che"; he will not wake up when
ngwii che"; deep green. koi-nii^ die"; very he is called. oak che" i; woke him up by
pale green. che" phue ah-iifi;^ ; gi-een slielled
making a noise. i
16ng cfti, ti-ko nioh-c6-
duck's eggs. hoi che"; bright green. che"
sih, khin-khin, i cIu che"; he is a very light
nek o-lau; black beans witli gl-een conties.
sleeper, and the least little movement wakens
che"-chuu sio ni in one's teens. ;
t&h che"; him. leng i che"; waken him by shaking him.
juvenile. thien che" sek azure. sam kaiig ;
tia" tieh cIu die"; if you touch him he wakes,
che"; bottle green. min-sek cho"-n^ sallow ;
ut kkti i7i cai che"; overslept. i
meng-mfing
so" lui k&i min che"-peh che"-p6li ;
visnged. che" li>), te" co fit he is wide awake and is
;
lie is natumlly of a sallow complexion. mlu thi" bQe kng elu

pretending to be asleep.
teng kai che"-kuu liln-hiu the veins in his ;
che; woke before daylight. ca c6 fit, ci:i° cai
face are very plainly seen. cii:ing kau o-che"; che"; go to bed early then you will wake early,
bumped it so that it is black and blue. t&ng-
che";
timg che"
verdigris. che"-kim-cieh
a dark green tunic.
sa";
lapis-lazuli.
clio"-hwn ;
;
^^
jl^Ci
che" 167
6L6 12
A timbrel.
phah che"; to sound a
copperas. che"-min lio-ge; deinonlike ugliness. timbrel, che°-che"-kie ; the clang of a timbrel.
che"-kuai green fruits, hieli che"; the foliage
is verdant,
;
che" rain easily offended. ;

lu — cheli —
k9,i clie" niin cJli you are very easily offended,
;
ta" kau rain che" min lek ; kept on talking till

M cheh 118 A
scheme ; a plan.
960 6 cheh mng; subject of in-
he was green with wrath, che" thi" peh jit; in
quiry, koi-cheh an expedient, lu u slra-
broad daylight. sie che"; pek che"; to bronze ;
mih liang clieh ? What plan do you propose ?

the surface of metals by heat.
fi kai
uang lai hien cheh ; some one unfolded a
che" 130 Frouzv ; rank. plan. b6 cheh without plan.
;
sok chiu
809 che" bi ; f rouzy. bo cheh folded his hands and did nothing,
'9" phi" lieh
;
cliiui-che" cSi it smelled very rancid. siet koi-cheh ; start a scheme.

;
,_ 479
i co-ni che"
che"
jiang ?
94
4
enthusiastically.
Wildy
madl}* frantically ;
is he screaraing so Why
; ;
M
to appoint
cheh
42
13
T
Books; a schedule; a reg-
ister, a list, an inventory;
a patent or commission,
cu-cheh ; books,
;
cek png cheh ; a book. cSu

wildly ? hua"-hi kau che" thio, che" raong so ;
make a list, thoi" cheh; to read silently,

delighted that he danced madly about. che" ciieh;
in cheh ;
kje, che" soi shouted wildly and rushed for-
;
nang teng cheh ; a list of persons.
ward pell-mell. che" ba galloped madly on. print books, kd cheh ;
ancient registers, kua
;
cheh ; book of ballads. khek cheh a song

;
che" 164 To awake, to arouse. book, ieh cheh; medical books, kap cu-cheh;
809 9 che" kill lai ;
to wake up. to bind books. cheh phue ; the cover of a
raai" kia" che" i; do not waken him by startling book. cheh hieh ; the leaves of a book,
him. raai" long i che"; do not waken him by cu-cheh pho a book-store.
;
sia cheh kha ;
him a jog. ho kie che" khi lai telli vrrite on the ends of the leaves of a closed
giving ;
him to wake up. jwu khai-tSu, i kai sim m book. cheh- hong co uang ; appointed to a
kingship. ho-khau clieli a list of the popu-

; ngo tieh put chek k&i su cQ hd eng when ;
lation, thion cheh; enrol on the li.sts. kin-ni something unexpected occurs, it may be used,
huang-ti cheh-lip huang-ho this year the
;
chek ji sin-se°; one who tells fortunes from
emperor has made an empress by patent. letters. chim kau rn-hd chek unfathomable, ;
— chek — chui-chek
thdi" ii
jieh coi
inscrutable doctrines,
to-lf ;
chek-
make a calculation of the
;
amount. chek tit chut calculable. chek m

chek 119 Paddy; rice in the husk. ;
chut incalculable. chek-thdi" ciii jieh chim

823 6 chek-chng; a granary, ; ;
cek liap chek a calculate the depth of the water. ki° to put
chug chek to garner rice.
; ;
of unhusked chek spread chek pho among things inscrutable.

grain rice. phak ;
;
rice in the sun to dry. chek-tia"; an area

made for drying rice, chek-pe a paddy scoop, chek 116 Insufficient.
; $fe
chek-thau paddy. ;
ehek-tiam a paddy ; '^ 959kin-chek oih-chek cramp-
5
kin-chek kfn-
; ;
basket, pha" chek blasted rice, chek-sni a

; ; ed, straitened, contracted.
head of paddy. chek-sui hoih the heads of ;
chek ne; barely enough. bo sim-mih khuah,
chek, no tang si cek oih-chek oih-chek ; there is not much space, it
paddy are blighted.
seng, cap seng kie-co cek tan, cap tau kie-
is very cramped.
00 cek cieh two pints of paddy are a quart,
;
ten quarts are a peck, and ten pecks make a tt^ chek The knees.130
chaldron. cek cieh ciu si cek ta", cek ta° boi fl^ 804 khut chek bend the knee,
11 ;
kai giia ngun; a chaldron is a picul, and a picul chek e; those under one's authority. kha
sells for over a dollar. kue lai kai chek ke chiu chek e; children and dependents, phang-
khiong-ui kui late in the season the price of
;
ie hph-chek a waist like a wasp's and knees
;
paddy may be still higher. cek ta" chek oi u like a stork's. hoh chek huang enlargement ;
jieh coi bi ? How much hulled rice have you of the knee joint.
got from the picul of paddy ? cek seng bi cu
jteh coi piig ? How much boiled rice will
a quart
of uncooked rice make ?
4'Hlf
^^^*^^
^ "^0 sympathize.
chang chek ciah pflg; I^'J 960 9 chek-un kai sim humane ;
eat of the product of one's own 6elds. chek-

feelings. nang-nang to ii chek-un kai sim ;
sni pa, siu u sia"; the ears of paddy are full and
every one has natural sympathies.
•we shall harvest many fold. put chek lai cim
ceng put some paddy asoak to use as seed,
;
t^ chek 69 To expel.
lu cek ni siu ii jieh coi chek ? How much paddy /P 72 1 a l\i m
cun, lia ciu cang lu
do you harvest in a year? loh hie" lai siu co chek-keh ;
if you do not obey, I will take away
chek gone to the country to get his share of office, chek-tok to drive out.
;
your ;
the product of the rice fields. ci lua chek oi

u jieh coi cho-khng chut lai ? How much
>frt|l
chek 9 Lateral; onesided.
paddy husk came from this basket of unhusk- I^'J 957 9 chekmak; envious glances,
ed rice ? lia tun tt kiii choi" ta" chek to ko;
chek sin ; lop sided. chek-p ; leans over to
1 have several thousand piculs of paddy on
one side.
hand. thie kiii ia" chek lai boi miieh barter
oi¥ paddy for other goods. tiali chek buys
;
;
— cheng —
paddy. loh ho chek boi ta, tieh klii hiie lai
cheng-chiu A
pue it rains so the paddy cannot dry, and a
;
swing.
981
fire must be built for drying
chang teng it. cheng-chiu pe"; the
kai chek cim kau chut ge the paddy in the
frame from which a swing is suspended, thdi"
;
fields has sprouted. ci chph chek kai chek- nang phah cheng-chiu see people swinging, ;
khak poh, oi lo ii bi; the husk of this paddy is peh m cie" cheng-chiu pe"; could not climb
thin, and there will be the more of the rice
into the swing, hwn-cheng-chiu a whirligig, ;
toa" cheng-chiu a swing for one person.

after hulling. ;
chek 85 To estimate ;
to fathom. cheng To designate ; to give an
115
960 lang chek-tak
9 difiicult to ; appellation ; to name,
76 9
estimate. pien-hue lang chek it is difficult ; cheng-hu ; to designate by a name. thong
to calculate the amount of the change. chek cheng-co sin-se° ; are generally called Teachers.
m pat to khu; do not know how to make an cu cheng-cp oi ; called himself competent, ka-
estimate of it. m-hd chek-tak inestimable. ;
ki thp-khiam cbeng-cp ngo ; with a pretense of
humility called himself the stupid

one. k^ 140 To perfume to scent; to
|
cheng ;
him the 212

cheng-co siang-kheh falsely gave ;
;^^ 14 impart an odor.
title of merchant. cheng-hn nftng, hok si Siig phang-chau cheng i
phang ; lay fragrant
6ng kui ji, eiig cun jl, eng leng ji to com- ; herbs among them, impart a sweet odor,
to
use of the t«rm Noble,
pliment people by the cfa t§ si cheng hue kui, cheng kaii cng kai
or Honored, or Suspected, before their hue bl ;
this tea has had flower petals mixed
names. with it to scent it, till it tastes strongly of the
flowers. khut i cheng tieh do not let
i7j-hd ;
this take an odor from that. khut kfii khi- i
v(^^ cheng Pure; 85 clear; to cleanse; cool. bl cheng tieh cQ ki" se" p6"; if you take in its
if^ 995 8 cheng -kliih; cheng- kiet; exhalations, yon will become ill. cie°-l(5 pang
clean, soi cheng-khih; wash it clean, cheng-
ua ch\u
sie" toi cheng Ifo b5i se" ii-th&ng put cam- (
;
cheng khih-khih perfectly clean. ;

phor into the box, and when it has imparted
kaa cheng-khih cfti I have scrubbed it very
;
its scent, moths will not breed there. i k&i
clean. cheng-cheng ceng-ceng perfectly ;

sa°-kh6 cheng kau phang cSi her clothes are ;
cleansed. cheng-cheng ne very pure. c5 ;
scented so as to be very fi-agrant.
cheng let it set till it is clear.
; tlicng cheng ;
let it stand till it becomes clear by settling, 86 To warm by steaming to
yft ch^ng ;
cheng ciii pure water.

; cheng te pure tea. ;
ik»> heat what has before been
74 6
lu k&i chfu nah-sap,
cheng thng clear soup. ; cooked. khioh khu cheng i sie ; take it and
khu soi cheng-khih; your hands are dirty, go warm it up by steaming it. kui i pang tfa*
and wash them clean. cheng-cheng p6h-pSh ;
t6i kp cheng. cia b5i clnn ; put it back into
spotless.
m cheng-p6h not unblemished, ; the pan and let it steam there then it won't
sin ke cheng- pSli; an unsullied name. M mai" get cold.
td s6i cheng do not try to excuse yourself for
;
it. lio-H cheng-chd the w hole matter i.s well

;
ch^ng 167
gnns. Fire-arras ;
arranged. cheng-cheng cli(5-cli<5 completely ; Ill 6 hkm phah

thih k4i Ifti
settled. Qe ta° \k\ m cheng-chd the subject ;
phah kui ki cheng tell the blacksmith to make
;
is not definitely stated. sio-b'ie hai' bOe some guns. toa cheng; a cannon. cheng
cheng; the balance is not paid in full. hfii" kha ; gun carriage. cek bue cheng one can- ;
cheng lio paid in full.

;
i 8e° Ifii cheng-siu non, kui hi'ang cheng ; a revolver, l&k hfang
he is very well formed. iTii cheng kok
cJli;
;
cheng; a revolver with six barrels. ci ki
China. cheng chio the present dynasty, ;
cheng ho phah kui hfang ? How many balls
cheng sim ; pure hearted. cheng-liang; cool. does this revolver carry ? sa°-mng-ch6ng ; a
thi°-si cheng-liang the weather is agreeably
;
petard. pang 8a°-mng-cheng ; fire a petard.
cool. ciah cheng-liang to take cooling food. ;
ang-ke° cheng ; evening gun-tire. ji cheng ;
]i4 thoi" tieh cheng kua°-hue hd, a cheng siin- the nine o'clock gun. thi''.kng cheng h/ang
hue ho, a si cheng hui-hiie ho ? Do you think lio ; the sunrise gun has been fired. lia thia"-
it is the liver, the heart, or the lungs, which ki° cheng kong-ce-kie; I heard the sound of
cie lia th6i° li ci-hue ti-kp kai cheng kuang-ce-
requires medication ? a gun.
tieh cheng sien-hue c\a° h<5 ; according to my kie ; this moment a gun sounded somewhere.
judgment, it is the kidneys which require
to shot.
ch^ng-kia°; a pistol, cheng-ci ; cheng-
be acted upon. cheng-sin ; the cool of the ieh ; powder. cheng kai hue-hi° mng ; the
morning. cheng sio-bak settle an account, ; touch-hole, cheng khang ; the bore of a gun.
k&i gueh cheng cek <ng sio; settle the account cang cheng phah si i ;
took a gun and shot
monthly. cheng sug meng-peh ; reckoned in him dead.
full. cheng 6i"; quite at leisure, cheng-khih
115 Suitable ; in consonance
.sie"; clean looking. cheng huang meng gueh ; cheng
76 9 with,
balmy breezes and moonlight nights. cui
cheng, ki° cieh ; transparent depths of water, cheng ceh a m
cheng ceh suited or unsuited ;
to the position. ia si lai li ci kia° su cu

i kai ke cheng, lii tieh cai thoi" kii i ; his family
i
is in reduced circumstances, and you should cheng ceh, ia si khu li hu kia" eu cu cheng m
be considerate toward him. co cheng kua°; ceh ; if he undertakes to manage this case it is
an upright judge. cheng liam ; clean hand- consonant with his duty, but if he enters into
ed, bwn tng khoi cui soi cheng ; a thou- m that one he dishonors his office. ci kia° su
sand fathoms of river water would not wash cheng I cSi ;

this is very satisfactory, m cheng
i unsatisfactory.
it clean. ;
cheng 61 The feelings the circura- |

18
chgng An overplus ; a residue ; a
996 8 stances or facts of a case. 772 9 surplus,
hua''-hf, se''-khi, pui-ai, kia"-ku, ai-sieli, lo-hun, ua fl li chut cheng to-kp I have provided ;
eim f<6 kie-co chit chdng; joy, anger, grief,

ai", more than will be needed. teng-tieh io fi
fear, love, hatred and desire, are called the chut cheng; theie is by weight more than the
seven passions. ch6iig niin ; feeling expi-essed requii-ed amount u chim-cheng tp-kp there ;
in the face. thoi" i kAi cheng min ; observe is a

gi-eater depth given to it, than will be
the expression of his face. cheng hun ; a necessarily occupied. ti-hng io khua"-cheng ;
fellow feeling. eng cheng; treat kindly, the space is wider than we need occupy.
nang-cheng; kindness. co nang-cheng khut
i ;
do him a favor. i kai co su in kun uaiig.
pH cheng 1G9 A wooden bar, used to
cheiig he does not do
; thing.s in a kindly way. I J 786 1 fasten doors ; to bar with
sai-cliSng; private desires. tholi cheng; a wooden bar.
claim a favor. m
cai n&ng-cheng; shows no mng chSng; bars for fastening doors. tit
gratitude for favors. u nang-cheng to i ko ;
cheng; a vertical I)ar. hue" cheng; a cro.ss-
he is under obligation to me for favors. i m bar. cheng theng; bar the window. cheng
pat nang-cheng; he is not susceptible to the siam bar the folding doors.
;
influence of kindness. ki-llam i kai nang-

Subordinate. 60
cheng; recollect his kindness, i u nang-cheng yf'^ cheng
to nang ko, nang tieh u nang-cheng khut i lie ; |/t 1024 8
cheng chu; outhouses, hia
has done us favors, and we must return them, chu 81 toa° p6i° cheng elm, a si sang poi"
jwn ta", ta" bo nang-cheng; what is thought- cheng chu ? Has that house a row of small
lessly said is unkindly said. ta" nang-cheng; buildings on one side only, or on both sides ?
plead for favor, si-cheng the circumstances, ;
si cue cheng chu four rows of side buildings.
;
phueh si-chSiig kai su talking about mat- ;
ters of fact. nang-kheh cheng hospitably ; jAj cheng 116 To wear ;

to put on cloth-
inclined. sin-cheng remarkable aptness.
;
ii
5§r 119 "4' i"g-
cheng; to cheng; grateful. bo cliSng; poh cheng sa"-kho wear ;cheng bueh, clothes.
cheng; ungrateful. cheng iu the causes, ; cheng 6i wear stockings and shoes.
; cheng
cheng cak; the facts, cheng-heng; the aspect phau wear a cloak.
; cheng p kua wear a ;
of the case. ii
cheng-li that is reasonable. ; long tunic and a short one. cheng khu s6-s6 ;
i cin
cheng cSi he shows the utmost grati-
; dressed plainly. clieng khu phai-chiang ;
tude, sit cheng; the real circumstances or dressed elegantly. u sin cheng; have enough
i chwn bo lai cheng io hp thoi"; dress more
incidents. cliai-cheng; he is very to wear.
unfeeling, toa chai-clicng kai nang; a person becomingly. cheng khb-kueh wear short ;
of deep feeling, lia cheng-ngwn co; I am will- trowsers. cheng be-kua wore a riding ;
i kam-sim
ing to do it. cheng-ngvvn he is ; jacket. cheng kho-thiii wore leggins. ua"- ;
wholly cordial in his assent to it. lu m cheng- cheng gut sa"-kli6 put on one's night clothes,
;
Dgvvn li m ai"; if you are unwilling I do not sin teng kai sa^-kho kiam li'o, thng tio khu
wish it. i kai
hia°-ti-cheng ho cai their ; soi ;
the clothes you are wearing are soiled,
fi-aternal regard is very admirable. chwn bo take them off and wash them, khieh s6i-cia°
pheng-iu cheng has no friendly feeling.
;
co kai lai cheng get clean ones and put them
;
cheng ce;be kindlier, cheng, li, huap, sa" kia", on. ua bp cheng sa°; I am undressed. tting
chiet-io tieh hio; the facts, the principles, and lia cheng sa" Ho cia" chut lai wait till I am ;
the law, must all three be clearly understood. dressed and I will then come out. hd khu-
cheng sa°; go and put on your jacket.
•x%B chgng 75 The bastard banyan, also
Tm 1147 10 called seng. chi 88 A wife
a pit chgng-chlu kun ; argue with sufficient _ 966 chi ; husband and wife,
5 hu
foice to split a banyan root. cheng-chiu chi ke ; a wife's relations. chi ku ; a wife's
kha-e la liang ; under a banyan enjoying the elder brother. chi chiap ; wife and concu-
coolness, bines, chi ji bo kia"; wives and children.
4*XX cheng 75 A species of lemon.

^P5 chi 9 hu
195 The gills of a fish.
T-H» 31
ch^ng 12 kp marmalade, ; hlAl^ 722 chi ap ciii ; the fish draws
boi no kai ci" cheng lai loh buy two cash ;
water through its gills. i ai" sie kS,, kai chi-
worth of lemon and put it in for seasoning. ko cu phang-phang; when they are going to
92 DICTIONAET Of TAB SWATOW DIALKCT.
fight, they dilate their gills. tah lleh i k&i chi 61 Shame.
chi-ko i cu cau m khu if you hook him in the rft\
;
hu chi tieh li'u tio ;

^\U 656 liam-chf; decency; modesty.
gill he cannot get away. hd liara-chi; indecent. u liam-chi; decent,
yon mnet take out the gills. tieh cai liam-chi; must be decent. kii liam-
chf regard decency.
; rii kii liam-chi
; regard-
Repulsive, horrid, loath-
chi-gi less of decency.
29
some, hideous. pun nang chi-chie; made a
i kai min laughing stock. ci kai nang bo chi c-ai this
chi-gi cSi ; ho has a very repulsive
;
face, se" kau k4i min khi-khi kuai-kuai, chi- person is shameless. i si
bp chi kai nang ; he
is a shameless fellow,
gi cSi ;
his face is very queer, being hairy, bp chi cu thii ; a brazen
and unpleasant to look at.
faced rascal.
fierce,
61 chi 142 The sting of insecta.

chi Suffering.
8 966
chi-cham ; distressing, 11 13 of a
phang chi; the sting
chi-chi chdra-chara ; in great distress, lien-
bee. hiet u chi; scorpions have stings, khut
tleh i chi-cham ; pity his distress. phang tang tieh chi stung by a bee.;
b6 chi
phang; a stingless bee; a magistrate who is
76 To sojourn ; to perch.
chi too annable to harm anybody.
8788b6 ko h(5 chi sin; with no
place of abode, ciam-chia" chi sin ; lodge tem-
chi 149 To try, to test.
porarily, to ci-kp chi-suah ; .sojourn hero, o- fC 765 '6~ chi

khah kiam a bQi
th6i"; try it and gee.
a lai chi-hiah to hu chlu teng; the crows chi thdi" 5i try it and see
;
perch whether too salt.
in those trees. it is chi thoi" h(5 a r7i-hd ;
try it and see whether it is good. chi ciali ;
chi 104
Foolish ; inapt. test it by tasting it. chi tieh cSi-se"? do How
62 chi-nga; d under-headed,
8 you find it ? chi tieh ho, lia cu ai°; if I find
chi-tai ; inapt. it good I shall want some. Iti tn
chi-ngai ; chi-chi ng&i-ngai ; ceng chi,
cfti tit cai ho a m-hp ? Since
foolish, chi-chi ne ; imbecile, chi sim ; weak you have not
minded, sim chi-chi ; of dull wit. chi-kuuk tried it, how do you know whether it is good
chi-kuak; silly. chi-chi, chvva boi se° khi ; or not ? lia thilu-soi" chi tieh hd lio, cia" khieh
weakly good natured, so that he never gets l&i khut lu ciah I first tried it and found it
;
angry. chi-kp simple. ; chi-kp s!e"; simple good, and so brought some for you to partake
thoughts. Iti mai" \6
chi-kp; do not try to of. chi-ngiam kiie k&i; that which has already
appear simple, li chi-kp; a shrewd simpleton, been tested keng kue chi-lien ; has endured
chi-ko-kui lu ; stole a march on you. lu iTi si trial. ai" chi-lien i ; wishes to put him to the
chi iu i7i si k6k, cp-nl c\e°-se'' cp ;
why should test. ieh chi experimental treatment in
;
one who is neither a simpleton nor an idiot do medicine. chi cek 6 try it once. chi ce
; !
that ? boi chi boi lung, boi cp a ko a We'll see lu chi sie° ce ; you try to think it
ong ; in !
order to be a good old aunt or uncle one needs up. chi kim cieh a stone used in testing gold.
;
be both stupid and deaf. i° chi, hie" chi, htte chi, toi° chi; the examina-
tions for the degrees of siu-chai, ku-jin, cin-sfl,
chi 9 Extravagant
; superfluous. and h&ng-lim. hii-chi, kui°-chi the examina-
i^ 65 6 rich and
chia-clii; profuse, tions in the departmental and in the district
;
eiig-to chia-chi; use lavishly. hong-sok cities. hok chi ; a re-examination of the can-
chia-clii; wasteful habits, hu-kp kai chu-theh didates, hu chi; to repair to the examination,
chia-chi cSi ; the houses there are very lux- ^ng chi ; to attend the examinations.
urious, chia-chi kui''-si'"; accustomed to
luxury, i kai hok-sek khah kue
chia-chi; his ll chi 140 Thorns ; prickles.
clothing is too expensive ; he dresses extrava- }} 1035 8 se° chi
thorny. 16 se"
;
chi ; the path is thorny. ci khi chiu se" chi ;

gantly.
this sort of tree has thorns on it. chi-kau-
dij '1>^ chf-clifo Winsome ; attractive ;
tek the thorny bamboo.
; chi-na-phe ; chi-
t\4 I^S- 972 vivacious; genial and lim-phe ; brambles. chiah tieh chi ; got
shrewd. thorns in it. chi chiah tieh chiu ; the thorns
hu k9,i li lo toa-pang; the
cf kai io chi-chi'o,
pricked his hands, ki chi chiah jip nek toi ; a
one the more pleasing, the other the more
is thorn stuck into his flesh, sua" teng peh hwt
admirable. leng-lai chi-chio ; witty and u se" chi kai raueh there are prickly plants
;
charming. growing spontaneously on the mountains.

clu 124 fish fins. price. chi-ce°; a market man. tang chl-thaa
Prepared
4 66 hA chi ; a kind of food made khu kau chi-biie jich hug ? How far is it from
from the fins of fish. chi kia ; hd-pau-chi ; one end of the market to the other ? tku-chi ;
fish fins made into pellets and cakes.
to barter. chi-tau m sSng ; did not accom-
plish the exchange. tû-chi tka tit s6ng ;
chi 60 A pennon or streamer. effected the exchange. chi tSng ; elevated
66 12
ki-chi flags. chah toa-bd-
;
stalls. chi-k6 ai" tai-ciang the market price ;
mueh erect a great number of flags.

ki-chi ;
is rising. h^ng-chi tSi-tiet ; the current price
ki-chi chi°-meug ; flags new and bright. is falling, un ai" lai khu hu chi we are going ;
to repair to the market, chi teng boi sifu-mih

To murder a superior.
chi 56 ke ? What does it sell for in the market ?
chi pe kai nang a parricide,
765 9 ; tai-kit li-chi ;
a good speculation.
li-chi cSi !
chi kun kai nang ; a regicide. chi i kai cii ; How (said derisively),
profitable ! to chi khui
murdered his master. pho; open a shop in a business street, cie" chi
boi chai ; go to market to buy food, lii kai ue
Eye-lashes. ta" lai m

kah koi-chi ; what you say is not in
raak-chi-mo"; the eyelashes. accordance with the recognized rules of trade
here, ke m txii chi ; the price is not such as is
pho m tui chi the shop is not on
Hairy spines.
ho-fu chi; porcupine quills. paid here. ;
a business street. cia hue kah r7i kue

h^ng-
slow. chi these goods are not suited to this market.
;
Dilatory ;
irresolute. cie"-si kai chi-cheng cSi-se" ? What is the

chi-gi ; chi-gi,
put kwt; undecided and unsettled in mind. present condition of the market ? koi-fncr
lia thia" tiehchi-ohi gi-gi on hearifig this I mua"-ciah chi ; a small market street. ua ci
;
ki chin kah koi-chi these scales of mine are
was in great doubt what to do. m-hp chi-ien ;
;
in accordance with the standard of the market,

do not procrastinate, chi-mang ktii jit delay a ;
kau ta" lo kliah chi lio it is now sin-lau hai-chi ; a mirage of cities in the sea.
few days. ;
too late. ta" kheng hue-thau pi" ho hwn boi

khia toa chi mln kai nSng one familiar with ;
the market.
chi ;you are now willing to reform, it is not
if
yet too late. kong-mia" chi ca m tang fame ;

chi To feed ; to nourish.
184
comes at diverse times to different persons. /g^
pHJ B38 chi kau i toa ; to rear.
5 ko
chi 210 To arrange methodically. nang lai chi ni ; hire a wet nurse. chi tu ;
rears pigs. chi ah ; rears ducks. chi kau ;

966chi-pi ;
to prepare carefully,
mill mueh
chi-pi; everything is ready. put keeps a dog. chi ciah eng-ko ; keeps a parrot,
mai" chi khah pa ; do not overfeed him. tieh
leng chi ke, ien leng ti kok ? If you cannot
cai chi i you must remember to feed it. chi
keep your family in order, how can you rule a
;
m kau oi ie bue ; even a dog will wag his tail

kingdom ? chi-chwn ; well regulated, clii-
chwn ; not in complete order, siu-sip kau chi- when he sees the one that feeds him. tang s6i
chi ceng-ceng arranged in perfect order, bvvn chi kau toa ; reared up from infancy. chi lio
;
mueh khut it thau-cau after it was domesticated, it

chi-pi, ci kliiam tang huang all that is
;
;
ran away. bo thang hd chi i have nothing
is ready, excepting only a favorable
;
required
wind. Idng-coiig chi-chi pi-pi lio ;
all is
to feed it on. cang sira-niueh chi i ? What
do you feed it upon ? chi ku ciu s6k keep it ;
methodically prepared.
a long time and it will become tame. ci k§,i
m
is
chi
64
known everywhere.
a renowned salve.
187
~^
To spread abroad.
kak chii chi mia";
chi-mia" kSi ko-ieh
its name
;
mueh chi bo iah it is of no use to keep this
creature.
chi boi uah ; it will not live.
did not live.
;
chi boi toa; it will never grow,

chi lii uah ; it
chi m sek it cannot be domes- ;
ticated, i 10 soi tieh ii

nang chi i it is very ;
'J-| chi 50 A market ;

to trade. young,' and some one must take care off and
I I J 762 2 koi-chi ;
the market. sia" feed it. r7i-hd chi kai what cannot be domes-
;
chi; the city market, po pS chi chi; a mart. ;

ticated, chi pe, chi bd to support one's ;
to close a market. hu-chi a country fair, ; parents. chi bo chi kia" ; support one's wife
cie" chi; go to market, hang chi; the exchange and children. chi cio ke-hue lio chi tu chi :
or bourse. m cai sim-mih hang-chi do not ; gu ke-hue phii keeping birds spends your
;
know the current rate. chi ke the market ;

substance keeping cattle increases it.
:
— chi" — cbia the spokes of a wheel.

81°; phang se k&i
chia a spinning wheel.
;
pae chia a flying ;
chi" 196
Fresh; just killed; clean; machine.
fiiVJT 800 6 new.
chi" hu fresh fish, ;
hii chi" kka 6ah the fish ; chia To buy or sell on credit.
154
is as fresh as if alive. ci ko nek chi°-chi° nfi; 74-7 chia sio; enter in account,
|> 7
this flesh is from an animal that has just chia khut i sell to him on credit. lu kio ua
;
been killed. hai chi"; shell-fish just out of thoi chia have it charged in your account for
;
the sea. ci kai hii kau kau-sia" chi"; this fish Ill si ai" chia a ai" bin ? Do
me. you wish to
is nearly fresh. mng-khf kai liA, ai° ien trade on credit or for cash ? bin kah chia, cek
li b6 ; this morning's fish is not
boi, ai" chi"
jit sio Q c§k peh ngiiu hue ; for cash and on
li
spoiled, and neither is it quite fresh. cek sin

credit, he daily disposes of a hundred dollars
h6k-8ek chi" c3,i his garments are very new.; worth of goods. clam chia kiii jit let me ;
hue chi°-chi newly opened flowers.

;
ki-chi have it on credit for a few days. cia chia sio
chi''-m6ng c3,i the flags are quite new.
;
chi"- si kng giieh sia a si atig coih sin ? Are these
iam spick and span.
;
chi" kau iara-Iam ; bills collected monthly, or at other fixed
glossy from newness. chi" khau deliciously ;
periods ? peh chia m jA ngS-c&p bin ; a hun-
fresh. chi"-tiam fresh and sweet. chi"-n!
; dred per cent acredited is not so good as fifty
cai 8a*-kh6 chi"-khia chi°- b6 chia put s^ng tiam,
; very youthful. per cent paid down.
khia ;
his clothes are span new. l&m chia tiam put s6ng ; without giving credit
chi" 140 Blue. shops could not be opened, but if credit were
-gg .
carelessly given shops would soon have to be
Ilft^ 502 plain blue cotton
14 chi" p6;
closed, chia l&i, hai" khu; you take something
cloth. si î" lam chi", a si î" ni chi"? Do
in when you buy on credit, but you pay some-
you want to have it colored blue by a single thing oat when you settle the bill. cSk k&i
immersion in blue dye, or by repeated dippings lit chia; no credit chia k&i c5i kiie hia
given,
and airings ? chi" tia ; blue grass-cloth. kai ; those who buy on credit are more than
those wIk) pay cash. phien chia ; buy on
chi" 68 To measure by the outstret-
credit without meaning to pay. chia sin
912 8 ched arras ;
one reach of the h&i ku ; to iucure a new debt in order to settle
an old one.
chi" tieh sa" chi" tng; measured it by the ex-
tended arms, and found it was three times as chia-khu Veined stone, used for
far as from the tip of one middle finger to the
444 the opaque white but-
other. cang chiu chi" th6i" u kui chi" khuah; tons of otUcers of the sixth rank,
measure it with outstretched arms and see how si tJ chia-khu teng, a si ti ciii-cia" ?
i
teng
many such spans wide it is. u chi" gua tng
Does he wear a white stone button, or one of
cu kau a little more than the length covered lii k&i si"
p6" î" tau chia-khii h<5 a
;
crystal ?
by my extended arras will be sufficient. tau ge ho ? Which do you prefer having the
— chia — handle of your fan made from, white stone
or ivory ?
chia 37 Profuse ; wasteful.
747 9 chia-chi ; lavish. chia mo"; ^'3^ chia" 149 To invite ;
to request
wild hopes, kio-chia im-it; proud and prodigal. pR
chia"
996 8 courteously,
to invite company. khut
n^ng-kheh ;
wheeled vehicle wheels ;

chia 159 A ; nang chia"; he has been invited.
chia" i Ifti
39 a machine having wheels, ciah; invite him to partake of the meal, chia"
be-chia; a wagon. gu-chia an ox cart, lin- ; i ciah
pin chai-pfig; ask him to take pot-luck
chia; a wheel-barrow, chia-lin; the wheel of a with us. chia"co please be seated. ;
chia"
cart. c5 chia; to go in a carriage, thuachia; sin-se"; to engage a teacher. chia" ci; ask for
to draw a cart. ko cek tie" chia hired a car- ;
orders from the Throne. chia" te ; invite to
riage, hiie-lun-chia a steam car. ci ciah ;
take tea. chia" bun; to offer one's pipe, chia"
hue-lun-cun, si am chia a si iang chia ? Is this cin ; to offer wine. chia" a, chia" a ; good-by.
steamboat a propeller or one with side wheels ? chia", chia"; good-day. lu kio lia chia" i lai
thi"-sa° chia a sewing machine,;
tah chia to ;
ta° ue; you ask him foi me to come and hare a
turn a pump with the feet. 16i pe ciii-chia ;
chat, chia" si-jit ; an invitation to fix the day.
farming implements, chia p6°; a carriage top. chia" mng; inquire politely.
cu a young infant. chiali tSu the equator,

Ct chfa" 1 Moreover; furthermore; in- ; ;
pak chiah kha; barefoot. chiah sin nude,

H^ 974 dieatea a copulative sentence,
4
chiah sin 16 thoi ; stark naked.
;
ko-chia" tiu six-si ; put up with this domicile pak-chiah

ka-lit; stripped to the waist. chiah-kwt
for a short time. lia to-kp, l\i siang chfa"
chiah-kwt; red in the face. chiah mak tih ;
cie°-se'', lia ra tq-kb le m
cai Id co-ni ie°; if you
sallow eyed. chiah kha che" chiu; barefooted
do like this when ara here, I do not knowI.
and brown handed. nilu se" lai chiah-khng
what you would not do if I were absent,
chiah-kling; has a brunette complexion. mia
chi'a" ciam piet so we are to separate for a-
;
S.ng-k6ng-(;hiah; blushed deeply. o pui chiah

while. ua chia" mng Id I moreover ask you. ;
toi"; tough and strong from exposure. chiah

chia" hue; not just yet; please delay an instant.
sim iii kok a guileless monarch, chiah khaa
lu clu'a" co; sit still and do not disturb yourself. ;
days marked in the calendar by red

you remain here and wait
lu chia" tang lia jit ;
;
mouthed animals. kia"-jit chiah khau this is
ta° chia" mai" sie" i now don't think
;
for me. ;
a day apt to be unlucky. chiah ti choi"-H;
about it any more.kuang-chia" lue° ngia i cieh-chiah ; umber.
CO m-ai" ? Since it is so pretty why does he not unoccupied wastes. ci
k§,i p6 se" chiah khoih this cloth has unblea-
want it? lu chia" hue khu then you can go ;
;
ched threads in it. chiah hoi pickled crabs.

back, chi'a" lai ciah; come now and eat. chia"
;
cieh ua, ua" ce khieh lai hai° lu ; lend it to me 18 To

I^tl chiah prick; to stab ;
to tattoo.
and I will bring it back to you after awhile, 1035 6 khut chi chiah tieh wound-
/7»'J ;
lu chia" khut lia, e-jit ua-kai le khut lu; let me kha chiah
ed by a thorn. tieh chi ;
got a
have it, and at another time I will let you have thorn in his foot, tieh kia" cu-s6i, mai" chiah
mine. i kai lau kui", ju chi'a" khuah his ;
tieh ang-le must walk carefully and not get
;
chamber is and
spacious as well.
it is
lofty, cut by the potsherds. i kai chiu
teng chiah
ko-chia°; it will do, it will answer temporarily, 11 he has letters tattooed on his arm.
ji ;
ko-chia"; done without any painstaking.

— chiak —
Aj^ chia" 9 To serve an occasion ;
to
chiak 120 Many ;
liberal.
if^ borrow for a purpose.
983 8 84 8 chiak-hp a nickname or ;
chfa" nang khu cp bun-cie"; to engage another i kai chiak-ho kie-cp sim-mueh ?
pet name.
to write an essay for one to use at an examina- What nickname has he ? chiak-chiak u u ;
tion, kim bo nang chia" thoi forbid the em- ;
there is some to spare.
ployment of substitutes in writing for the ex-
aminations, chia" nang khu thoi; get a substi- chiak 172 A sparrow.
^
tute to enter in one's place at an examination. 997 3 i"-chiak a house sparrow, ;
ng-chiak a goldfinch. chiak teng; the bird
^
;
chia" 62 To finish. crest, a peculiar shaped button worn by those

77 2 CO kau chia"; to bring to who have taken a degree.
completion.
ai" li tieh li kau
ciah kau chia"; finish the meal,
chia"; if you do it at all yon
— chiam —
must finish it. cp m chia"; unfinished, ci k§,i chiam 118 Bamboo slips upon which
khang-khue chia" kau i ho; finish up this work. 981 17 names or characters are
— chiah — written, used for drawing lots, or in consult-
ing oracular tables.
™
a3^
I
chiah
983
To borrow for a purpose to
9
employ for a special object.
8
;
chiam tang pit ke ; a box for slips, and a pen
rack, thiu ki chiam; draw out a lot. g6-chiam
i kai biin-cie" si ka-ki cp kai a si chiah
nang cp khi-thak; an ivory tooth-pick, cie poih chiam ;
kai ? Did he compose his essay himself or did according to the lot drawn. than chiam the ;
he employ some one to do it for him ? no lot which indicates who is to take the lead,
pang long-cong chiah kieh lai sie tau the two ;
cua" chiam assign by lot.
; siah kiii ki tek
parties each engaged workmen and rivaled each chiam; whittle out some bamboo slips to use in
the other in the display made. drawing lots. khiu chiam mug phok divine ;
by drawing slips on which characters are writ-

chiah 155 Flesh color ; reddish. ten, cai khieh chiam; drew again, siu chiam;
y* 72 chiah sek Chinese flesh ;
take the tallies, chiam si; the oracular answer
color. chiah p6 ; nankeen. chiah kim red ; corresponding with the number on the slip
gold. kim chiah, ngun peh gold is red and ;
drawn. hue chiam an urgent warrant, ;
silver white, chiah ti ; the god of fire, chiah kai n&ng cip cek ki chiam ; each took a slip.
chiam sign ones name.

118 To
— chiang —
chiang 38 A prostitute.
981 13^ chiaru miii"; to subscribe -it^
one 8 name, chiano-ji a circular, chiatn ap ; ;
3(H 26 8 chiang-ki a strumpet, ;
to affix a mark. chiara ap pang; a marking

chiang ke a bagnio.
; p chiang, siet t6 ;
office, chiani ap toll the table where seals or ; harbour prostitutes and institute games of
signatures are affixed. chance. chiang, iu, cftu, cut, to si hia-cua"
kai nftng courtesans, actors, yamen runnel's,
;
>^^ chiara 9^
of To canvass for names and jailors are low people. chiang kfa° M !
j^^ 981 people who n

join in will You little coquette !
a general movement, or sign a petition to

chiang 140 chiang-phA calamus. kau
government ; the general opinion, chiam t5a-
;
26 8 cak chiang-phu ; nine joints

bo-ra<ieh uUng khi p(5 i ; a great number of
of sweet flag.
persons agreed together to go and bail him out.
tie" kong-tia" chiam Q jleh coi nftng ? How
i
many persons signed the appeal ? cle°jit

^0 chiang 94
V^3 26 8
Boisterous; insubordinate.
chiam i png to kfti nang khu p<5 li, \>6 m chut :
chiang-khuang; mad. chiang-
ta° chiam tJii ceng k&i nang kliu pd, cdng 6i tit
chiang khuang-kliiiang; acting like one pos-
chut some time ago they got the people of bis
sessed, i sira si
chiang-khuang he is very ;
unruly, chiang-khiet ; obstreperous; ferocious.

;
own neighborhood to join in an appeal for his

but did not thus succeed in setting
release, Bi chiang 72 Having many descendants.
him at liberty now they have got the general
:
1=1 26 4 ftu-i chiang-seng cfti his ;
public to unite in asking for his liberation and is numerous.

he is set free. posterity
Ij3v|^ chiang 27 A shed; a shelter.

chiam _9^
To arrogate to one's self. /{^ 28 12 a pavilion for
stn chiang;
980 chiam ui to aspire to the
16 ;
the gods, ph&ng chiang ; a shed where sails
throne, chiara hun to overstep one's powers,
;
are kept under shelter. cun chiang ; a boat
chiam cheng co Gang arrogates to himself the ;
house, ngiara hue chiang; an examining shed,
title of king, chiam ho arrogates to himself ;
iam chiang ; a salt shed.
a title. cia khah kiie chiara This is too !
A}^ chiang 9 To lead to take the lead.

presuming ;
1^ 28 8 hu hua°
nftng si i td chiang
chut; all those people are lead on by him.
^t chiara 85 In seclusion.
ci kia° su si i chiang-si k&i ; it was he who
chiam leng m-h<5 eng a
982 12
hu chLang hu sui ; the hus-
instigated this.
;
concealed dragon is of no use (and so is a ;

band leads, and the wife follows.
talented man who is kept in retireraent). pi
mng chiam siu to reform in retirement, tong
;
n0 chiang 80 To take the lead in singing.
sek, pue chiam kai mueh long-cong si i cSu
kai all things, whether moving or quiescent H^ 28 8 chiang h6 ; the call and
chiang via ho you
;
whether flying or lying perdue, were made response in chanting. lii ;
lead and I will follow. chiang 16i ; to give

by hira. orders at a cerenwny. to
thang chiang ;
thrum and sing. chiang hi to sing plays, ;
yfi>^ 75 In serried ranks, groups or

chiara
chiang tiiu to call out to clear the road.
;
k6
7MC 734 8 clusters,
chiang to sing solos.
;
ke-hiie chiam-chiam; the weapons were ranged

regularly. sua^-hong chiam-chiam the hills ;
•y^&L chiang 140 The red rose.
rise innumerous peaks. chie° to pai kau |hJ 969 13 chiang-mui-hue ; the
chiam-chiam spears and swords ranged in
;
cinnamon rose. chiang-miii lo ;
rose wat«r
serried ranks. sang p6i° pai-liet kau chiam- made from red roses.
chiara ranged in ranks on either side.
; hue
khui kau cek ki cek ki chiam-chiam, ngi'a cSi ; chiang 130 The intestines.
the plant blossoms in separate clustei's of 27 9 tai chiang, sio chiang;
flowers, beautifully disposed. ki cek ki cek the large and the small intestines, tit chiang;
ki pai kau chiam chiam the flags were arrang- ;
the rectum. sio-chiang-khi ; colic. chiang
ed at equal distances apart in regular rows. huang hla hueh blind piles.
;
DICTIOXAUT OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 97
clilang 168 A
long time; to excel. ^(ft chie 118 To laugh.
27 always a
cliiniig-ku ; ; ^^/V 795 4 ho chie; khd chie; langh-
long time. clvang se" yint Itiii physical im- ;
nble. hi-chie; to laugh at. chi-chie; to deride,
moitality. si i f-(5 cliiang it is what he excels ;
kien-chie ; ridiculous. pun nang chie was ;
in. cek b6 id chiang he excels in nothing. ; laughed at. thoi" tieh chie si considered ifc ;
unspeakably ludicrous. chie-iie cSi ; absurd,

chiang 167 A crowbar; to dig with chie hi-hi; to titter, kha-kha chie; to giggle,
971 9 a crowbar, chie-but chie-but; smiling, mui" chie; to smile,
phue-chiang ;
a wooden crowbar having an ne cliie a forced laugh, toa chie toa ta"; loud
;
iron sheath. thih chiang; an iron crowbar, laughing and talking. am-ce" chie; secretly
chiang kau kai khang chira-chira ; dig out a langhed. chie rain ho"; a deceitful smile, phi"
deep hole, chiang kai khang ho khia ki thio ; chie, chui chie; to laugh all over one's face,
dig a hole to set a post in. hku" chie cSi fond of fun. chie chui smiling
; ;
lips. hiong khun phah r7i tit chie min the ;
^tj* chiang 60 Common; ordinary; always. most ruthless hand will not smite a smiling
I |J 740 8 lia thoi" tieh pheng-chiang; face, thau chie than khau half laughing and ;
it appears to me
an ordinary thing,
to be half crying. lu mai" to chie khuah nfi.ng k&i
pheng-pheng chiang-chiang, bo sim-mih kpli chui do not make yourself ridiculous.
;
m
Ie°; it is quite ordinary, and does not differ chie ne; restrained his disposition to laugh,
from the common ones. chiang-chiang sio- liin chie ; refrain from laughing. hah-hah
liam Id; I am always speaking about you. chie a horse-laugh.
;
khS-khS chie to laugh ;
liang-ciiiang i to iTi pat cie^-se"; he never did hili-hih chie to snicker.

boisterously, ;
so before. lu tieh chiang lai ce ; you must

come of tener. chiang u kai su ;
it is a com- mH cliie 30 To sing.
mon occurrence. chiiing u kai mueh ;
it is an "^ 828 chie khek chie kua ; to sing ;
ordinary thing. bjillads. M

chie chut khek ua thia"; you sing
a balhnd to me. ci chut khek chie lai h6 cSi ;
mJ^ chiang 157 Having only one good this ballad was well sung. chie khu i7i tui
JtMj 342 8 leg; crippled; halt,
pang ; it was not sung according to the tune,
chiang kha-te"; to hop on one foot, having
chie chut lai, sia"-im ho, au-tdi ia hd ; the
only one sound leg. kia" to rii kia°, co-ni to
do you not walk singing was good, and the voices were good.
chiang ? Why properly in-
stead of hopping along on one foot ? kuai-kha — chie" —
i no kai to
chiang-toi kai nang a ciipple.
chiang-chin-che"; the two are playing the
;
chie" 167 A spear ;

a musket.
968 chie", to, kiam, kek ; spears,
10^
game of hopping on one foot over seven stones
knives, swords, and battle axes. chie" huap ;
placed at equal distances apart.
a soldiers' manual. hue be chie"; give a back
— chiap — thrust when unhorsed. loh be, kira chie"; to
chiap 38 A concubine. pretend to be unhorsed in order to give a

977 5 cek chi cek chiap a wife ;
thrust. chiang-chie"; a long spear, nfo°-
and a concubine, boi chiap buy a concubine, ;
chie"; a fowling piece. ie"-chie"; a pistol,
sie chiap; my concubine. ai chiap your con- chie" chin; a substitute who enters the exami-
;
nation for the B. A. degree, or who writes

cubine. Ihong chiap khi chi ; divorce the
wife for love of the concubine. themes for another. mia" chie"; a renowned
scholar who acts as substitute. co chie";
j^J& chiap 116 To pilfer, to steal. to act as substitute. ko chie"; hire a sub-
?rP3 ^77 l7 thau-chiap ; to steal, Pi stitute.
chiap ; stolen, chiap-chak ;

a petty thief.
To take by
— chie — chie"
969
64
10 chie"-kiap kai
force.
ua"-kia"; a
chie 172 Masculine ;
martial ;
virile ;
case of plundering, tng rain chie" peh i took ;
214 brave, 4 it away right before his face. si ua chie"

chie gu-ko a bull. ;
no kS.i kak chie-chie ; thau-soi"; I take the liberty of going ahead,
two great horns. chie koi-ang a fine cock, ;
i si chie"-loh
pat nang kai he has seized upon ;
ci ciah koi chie cS,i this is a fowl, i what belongs to some other person. li min
rampant ;
chie-chie ne, ai" kio i sie phah he ;

is very chie"; took it while his head was turned. pSh
perk and wants to fight with them. jit chie"-kiap ;
robbed him of it in broad day-
light., pua" lo c6ih clnV"; o6ili lo chie° pak ;

lAikio a p6" tiang-sl cu ohin-chle", kio pheng-
waylay and plunder. chie" iTi kuo ulii'u ;
did si cu m chin-chie"; it looks as he doea
tiang-si
not succeed in taking it by force. when he is sick, but does not resemble him
as he ordinarily look.s. i chin-chie" i a-kong ;
Vh^ ol)ie° 90 A wall. he is like his gi-and father. hia"-ti-kia" se" lai
TlBl 9r)j 13 kill ohie"; to lay np a wall, chin-chie" chin-chie"; the two boys look very
ceng chie"; to pound up a wall. cliie" pang; much alike. chie" pe ceng; like his father's
pounding boards. ceng ehie" kai tliui ;
family.
pounders for pounding up walls, ftu-lio chie";
the back wall. toa pui chie"; the side walls, Lk chie" 1 To write in.
cie piah (iliie"; the front wall. Iiuang-ui chie";
I -^ 741 ph5 ; enter it in the
2 chie"
an enclosing wall. sin" chie"; a city wall. books. enter in account.
chie" sio ; i"-keiig
chie"-tun a low wall. tho chie**; a mud wall,
;
chle"-ldh 8io-ph5; it is already entered in the
hue chie a chunatn wall. account book.
;
cng chie"; a brick
wall. chte"-thau; the wall. peh cle" chlo"- chio" To illuminate from a light
86
thau climbed up on tho wall.
;
keh cek pang (|^
Ji»> 35
9 held in the hand; to shed
chie"; separated by a wall. (;hie" tA; a
light upon to dazzle.
cupboard in a wall. pang to chie" kha ; set it
;
chie" lo ; light tho path, chie" 15 si hiie-pe h(5

near the wall. ci tio tin toa kuo chie"; this
a tong-na.ng h<5 ? Which is best for lighting
creeper has run over the wall. chie" lcng-ua°
the road, a torch or a lamp ? liam ki ciia-
liun kau peh-peh; whitewash the wall till it
is very white. khieh ki liue-.'<i lai liam chie"; ang-teng l&i chie" thoi"; light a paper tap^r to
see it by. khla ki teng khu chie" thoi"; take a
get a trowel and piaster the wall. chie" kill
l&i i7i cia", thoi" tieh sia-loi sia-loi ;
the wall ia lamp and go and see. chle"-teng clile°-t«ng
thoi" tleh hph ngia; by lamplight it looks very
not laid up perpendicularly, i(,
appears to lean,
pretty. to chio", mai" puah Idh khu the
chie" loi-loi ne, hia" tiii koi-l6 chut lai; the wall ;
leans, and leans outward toward the street, light dazzles one, do not fall. liam teng
ci pang chie" ai" t(5 ; this wall is about to
khu chio' cia* chue tit tieh light a lamp and ;
look for it then you will find it. khla ki hue-

fall. tall-pang chie" ko ; stick it on the wall,
teng t5 chie" ko ; nail it to tho wall. ham k&i pe khu chie" th6i" ii ka-lauh td lo teng a bp ;
ta,ke a torch and see whether it has been

liue-kang l&i p6 chie" khang; call a mason
dropped on the road. hue sbi, chie" m hng
to mend the holes in the wall. ti-klia liu ;
the light is dim and does not shine far. hue

chim ce, chie" cia" nS.i dig the fouj\dation
khah soi, chie" m ki"; the light is so dim
;
deeper and then the wall will stand longer,

chie" pit cue phslng the wall has cracked,
I cannot see by it. jit-cam chle°-tieh, mSk-
ciu m ka" peh khui the rays from the sun
;
chie" thut loh lai ; the wall has tumbled down, ;
chie" hwn ; the wall is crumbling, chio" pha";

dazzle eyes so I dare not open them.
my raak
chie" tieh hue, th6i-ki° ceng-ceng cam my
the wall is not solid. hue sua sie ciah, chie" ;
cia" kit toi"; when the lime and sand have eyes are dazzled by the light so that I see
formed a chemical union the wall will become nothing but rays.
hard, chie" kak ; an angle in a wall.
chie* To sight; to take aim.
109
Hj^ 692 chie" thoi" tiii me ; take a
4
]\J^
clue" 152 An elephant. look along the edges and see if they are exact,
792 5
chie" ge ; ivory. chie" m
chie" tieh tit; discovered by taking sight
phue; elephant's skin, chie" phi"; the pi'oboscis across it that it was not straight. chie" tui i
of an elephant, chie" no"; the elephant keeper, kai ang-sim ; aimed at the bull's eye. chie"
chi chie"; to keep elephants, chie" kl a game
pa t\n-tang sia khu aimed at the center of
;
tiii ;
played with thirty-two pips on a chess-board. the target and fired.
Ay^ chie" 9^ To resemble; like; similar; so- chie" 22 An artizan ;

skilled work-
I^V kai chie" pe le", hu kai

793 12 ci 968 T men.
chie" bp ie"; this one resembles his father, and bak-chie"; a wood-carver. llam-cui-chle" a ;
that one resembles his mother. chie" ie" bricklayer. hue-chie"; a gardener. ngun-
chie" sie"; elegant and stylish ; well rranged ; v.
chie"; a silversmith. tng sim-mih chie" ?
comely ; good looking. chin-chie"; like ; "What work is he skilled in ? ji-chie°; a scribe,
similar ; resembling, chin-chie" i to se" tiang- jl sia lai Iph chie";
the wi'iting is done as if by
si hie°-se"; as it was when be was born. ue a practised hand.
DICTlONAlir OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT. 99
• — chieh — eh fen 85 Shallow ; superficial.

lUl chieh 44 The Chinese foot. 982 8 m chim clifen ; does not
cai
/^ 71 1 bak chieh; a carpenter's know the depth,

tions were easy
hak-mng chfen the qaes»
chfon kuii; superficial,
;
foot rale. p6 chieh a foot in cloth measure,;
cok chieh the measure used in shoes.

;
khek chfen sek ; a pale color. sim chi'on ; the
chieh a carpenter's square. cUtii chieh a simplest. clu chien-cliien ne, sueh khut n^ng
; ;
tailor's measure. chieh cliun u toa soi feet ;

thia"; explain it in just tlie easiest way. hai
and inches are of different lengths. cap hun nang put chien it was no slight injury.
; cdi
ui cek chun, cap chun ui cek chieh, cap chieh chien kau hd e kue khu the water is so ;
fli cek tng; ten tenths make an inch, tea shallow that you can wade across. cui khah
in(;hes make a foot, ten feet make an ell. cek chien, cun in-ho kia"; the water is too shallovr,
and the boats cannot run. to-tiig chien ;
tn^ kui", kau chieh bp eng for reaching ten ;
feet a nine foot pole is useless. m kau chieh shallow minded, chfen mo"; short far.
chun not of full stature.
;
ai" sitn-mih chieh
to ? What are its dimensions to be ? nie thi"
chien 18 To advance ;
to progress.
chieh ; a sextant. sa"-chieh hai-th6ng a 98Lkien u chien-theng a bo ?

7 i
;
lad.
Did his contributions to the support of the
young
government bring him promotion to office or
chieh 177 thih-chieh an iron bludgeon. ;
not ? i thang kau n ci° khu kien chien-thgng;
687 9 i td bu thih-chieh khut nang he has gained so much that he has money
thoi"; he is wielding an iron bludgeon for peo- wherewith to purchase an official position.
ple's amusement, u nfing khia toa° thih-chieh,
u nang khia sang thih-chieh some had single
— chiet —
;
bludgeons, and others had one in each hand. Xfjt chiet 18 Important ; urgent ; the
yj 976 2 entire lot.
chieh 172 The peacock. chiet-\o; important, bo chiet-io; unimportant,

997 3 bo mih chiet-io of no great importance.
khong-chieh peacocks, ;
;
chiet-io there is occasion for speed.

khoiig-chieh khui phin the peacock spreads ;
;
slang
its tail, chiet-io the most important. bo mih kwn-
khong-chioli leng peacock's feathers, ;
;
the eje in a peacock's chiet not much interested in it. chiet-sit

khong-chieh ngan ;
; ;
feather. wholly sincere. khap-chiet irrevocable. i ;
ta" kau chiet-cheng cai he spoke in the most ;
T^h chieh mat matting.

50 A ;
cordial manner. Id chiet-chiet tieh lai ; you
/I|I 804 7 chau chieh straw matting, ;
must not fail to come. sueh lai khap-khap
tin chieh rattan matting,
;
tek chieh bamboo ;
chiet-chiet; it is irrevocably set forth. cek
matting. liang chieh ; bed mats for hot chiet kai su li tit lio the whole matter is com-
;
weather. nng chieh flexible matting, u.sed ; pletely arranged. ci-chiet mai" go it is of ;
for wrapping bundles. chieh pau chieh to ; ;

the utmost importance that it should not
straw bags. chu chau-chieh spread down a ; miscarry. chiet co act with urgency. ;
ta"
straw mat. cq chieh sit on a mat. sai chieh;
;
kau chiet cSi ; spoke with great earnestness.
an instructor. (In olden times a teacher sat on th(5i" tieh bo chiet bo io considered it of no ;
a mat on the west side of his school-room). importance at all. bo kai-chiet ; not urgent.
— chien — — chih —
chih
86 To scald off the hair or
^"f*! chien 24 A thonsand ; many. jS 926 10 feathers,
I 980 1 m cai soh li, co thang bw-n-
khieh loh kiin cui khu chih, chih lio, mo" mang
chien did not know, but supposed he would
cheng-khih ; take it and scald it in boiling
;
gain millions by it. water, and then pluck out all the feathers.
chien 162 To remove from one place chih 86 To catch fire ;

to singe.
980 12 to another, 285 12 hue chih tieh it ignited, ;
chien-i"; go elsewhere to live. chien sua"; to than mai" cang thau-mo" khu chih hue do ;
remove a grave. koi kue, chien sien ; to not put your head so near that your hair will
reform. chien-Ien si- jit to postpone the day. ;
take fire. i kai chin khut hue chih tio cek
ah-chien to evict, pien chien much changed
; ; poi" khu his whiskers caught fire and burned
;
on account of removals. off the whole of one side.

100 DICTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALKCT.
\J~iX
^^'^^
1018
§^ into
ii To plunge a thing
water
^^ chim
807
41 To search
common,
for ;
to explore ;
i-^ purpose of c<

"8" for
cooling it.tlie "^5^ 9
chiii luie-tlioa"; oxtiiiguisli cinders by plung- chim-chue; to search chtm-chue m tieh ; for.
ing them in water. khieh khi lai cQ chih loli could not tind chim kuii biie to
it. kun thS.u ;
cui; as soon as you lift it off {dunge it into the investigate thoroughly. chim p(5 search for ;
water. chih loh khu cu ci-ce-kie when you ;

treasure. chim-sie" kai nang; an ordinary
plunge it in it hisscH. chih kau chph ciii sie-sie; person, chim-sie" kai much; a common article,
the water was heated by its being plunged in. chim-slo" kai su a frequent occurrence,
; chim
tl ; to
explore the country. kau ku-a ni cia"
To brand to burn in.
chih 86 ; chim tieh found it after many years search,
;
553cang thih pu ling-fing Ifti
6 chim-chut u kph io" kai i chut lai; found out
chih take an iron, heat it reel hot, and brand
;
another meaning for it.
it therewith. chih rod" kai in a branding ;
iron for branding animals. chih kku chiah- To invade ; to usurp.

chira 9
pauh chiah-pauh scorched it brown. ; 991
7 chira-thun s\o.bak ; took ille-
— chim — gal possession of the account books.
hQam keng-kai ; invaded their boundaries,
chlm-
chira 85
Deep ; profound intimate ; ; chim-ciam ; to usurp. chim hwt ;
to invade
736 intense very, 8 ;
and chastise.
cui bo hie" chim ; the water is not very deep,
ciii hoh chim the water is quite deep.
;
t5-li chXm 64 To take hold of for the
chim ; this doctrine is deep. ji-b&k chim ; 1075 10 purpose of moving; to lay
i
^.^^
he a person of profound scholarship.
is chim hold of and sway ;
to joggle ;
to shake,
sek ;
chim un great kindness,
deej)ly tinted, ; chim m cannot stir it from its posi-
tin-tftng;
i no
n&ng lo chim kau; the two are on excellent tion, khut i khua".khua° clilm cQ chim khi
terms with eacli other. chim-tira ; profound, lai ; let him steadily lift at it and it will move.
i kai
k6i-m6ng chim- (im ; his plot was a deep n5 n&iig khu kio i sie-hii chim; two persons
laid one. ke" chim lio it i.s past midnight, ; went to help him move it. chin-chle* saa*-
chim k\u deep research.
;
chim-chira chi'u ip- me" chim cieh-teng, chim tieh b6 bl bp ah ;
cS; a very low bow. chim-au chira-au con- ; like a dragon fly laying hold of a stone half
cave, chim hfig; far distant. chim nang b6 imbedded in the earth for the purpo.se of lifting
chien gii deep thinkers do not make shallow
; it,the stone is not swayed at all thereby.
speeches. h'u kau chim-chim dig it deep, ; mai° chim tieh chng; do not jog the table.
kut chim c6 dig deeper, chim-au abstruse,
;
hd li kau chim, i7i-hp li kau chien be intimate ;

;
— chin —
with the good, and hold little intercourse
with the bad. chiu kak khu chim c2î his
enmity is very deep, chim hiSii i dislike him
greatly, thiig chim; probe deeply, chng u cek
;
;
mm chin-chio"
Like, similar, resem-
837
bling;asif.
se" lai chin-chie"; they are much alike.
lai rri chin-chie"; they are very unlike,
cp
i chin-
chun chim pierced to the depth of an inch,
;
chim kku chah m cSi ; so deep I cannot touch chle" i ai he resembles his mother,
; thoi" tieh
bottom. chin-chie" chin-chie"; they appear very similar,
chin-chie" iTi-h<5, khi-sit hp ; it looks badly, but
chfm 40 To sleep. is really excellent. chin-chie" nga kai ; like
991 cliim ciah ua"; no comfort
11 m a dunce. chin-chie" hau"; appeared un- m
either in eating or in sleeping. buang chang willing.
hiii chim loss of food and sleep.
;
cia" chi'm,
l&i chim ;
the sleeping appartments for males One's own ; akin ; kith.
chin 147
and for females. bd chin own mother.
991 9 lia ;
chin hi" thia°-ki°; I heard it with my own

chim 149 Sybiline ;
an omen. ears. chin mak th6i''-ki°; saw it with his
948 17 chim cu ;
a sybiline book, own eyes. chin min kang i ta°; tell him with
khieh tieh ch\m-cu choose an omen from a ; your own mouth. cia ji si i chin pit sia k&i;
sybiline book. chim-cu ti a plot of ground ;
this was written by his own hand. chin sin
indicated by an omen found in a sybiline khu cp went and did it himself. ai° cp chin ;
;
book. ju khieh tieh chim-cu khng kin-kin ;

are going to marry. seng chin ; to consum-
keep it carefully as one would keep a hint from mate marriage. kia" chin-ngeng kai loi-
the book of fate. 610 ; perform the marriage rites. si mak b6
chin among entire strangers.

;
cLin kQn ;
to the catty. kak chii k&i chin-sek b6 miU
near akin. sang chin Ip tng both parents ; siang tang; the divisions of the steelyard bar
are still alive. i kio un u chin he is a rela- ;
differ in different places. au toa chin weigh ;
tive of ours. ni'n kio i chin phai me? Are more than full weight. eng si'am chin; use
light weights to sell by. lu kai chin tieh teng
you of the same blood as he ? lai chin, gua
chek ; relatives by blood and by marriage, hd adjust your scales correctly.
;
cie"- jit kai
chin-ai ; close affection. chin-jiet very in- ; teng khu li chin-thau, kfa"-jit kAi bo chin-
timate. chin-k\vn ; relatives of another sur- thau the other day the weight was a full one,
;
name, lak chin the domestic relationships,

;
but to-day there is no surplus. lu teng khji
chin m kun lin a near neighbour is a si bo, ua cf ki chin khut lu a cih ; if you
hng ju ;
better than a remote relative. chin cie" kia weigh it and find it short weight you may
chin form a still closer relationship. chin- break my steelyards. lu si boi sini-mih chin
;
cSa hue one's kin.;

chin ke one's own ;
sek ? By what weight do you sell it ?
chin kun our own sovereign, chin
family.
m
;
chin teng; our own troops,

tl oh i co ctik 64chin To weigh a thing in the
pia";
chin entrust to him the business of 8 894 hand,
mng ;
procuring a w ife for you.

chin nang ; a toa" ciah chi'u chin m khi; cannot lift it in one
cousin, sa" hun chin kie" pat jin one slightly ;
hand so as to guess the weight, chin phu; m
akin is better than one who is not at all cannot heft it. chin tieh u jieh tSng ? How
related. heavy do you find it to be when you heft it?
^^
-"^^
i^T*
•
I
chin-chai
956
Not exact ; in general;
not following any strict
V/^
i~H
chin
506
15
5
Cold.
thi"-.si chin cS,i the weather
;
rule or pattern ; not preci.'ê ; slightly. i si is very cold. chin kau kha-biie chfu-bue
chin-chai co he slights w hat he does.
;
chin- thia"; so cold thajt it rnalres one's' toies and
"
chai sia to ho ; to write it off almost any way fingers ache, chin' h'u^bg] cryld wind.' oi chin
will do. chin-(hai thia"; listen in a hap- a boi ? Are you cold ? cj'.hue 'jichin; I am ,
hazard way. ho chin-chai i ; let him off easily; chilly now.

'
pjQg 'chitij'cfjai ch>;f.^ iallthe

do not be exacting with him. victuals are cold.' "lu kai sin-hun ngA,n,
"
m
h(5 ciah chin ciii the temperature of your body
;
chin 145 To give effect; to illustrate ; is low, and you should not drink cold water,
22 16^ to show off. chin kue pia°-sng colder than ice. than chin
;
ci ku ue si khieh lai co pue-chin kAi tie ;

this ciii ciah ; take it in a little cold water. la
sentence put in merely for effect.
is cang kai chin ; let it cool by standing. chin ciii pun
nang lai bring a person along
co pue-chin ; chin ciah ; blows cold water to make it cool
merely for effect. cang ci kia" su chin chut before drinking it ; excessively cautious, ciah
h6 kia" sii make use of ibis to illustrate that,
; chin ]ing ; eat cold victuals. thi"-si kua"-ngan
cang ci ku ue lai pue-chin hu ku ue use this ; sph-chin ; the weather is terribly cold. ciah
sentence to add to the clearness of the other, ciu lun chin take whiskey to fortify one's self
;
cang hia lai pue-chin cia cti jii-keng hien-hin against the cold. ci kiii jit boi chin ; these
chut lai bring that to the illustration of this,
; last few days it has not been so cold. chin
and then this will more plainly appear, englai kau bo si bo he so cold as to enforce idleness,
;
co pang-chin use as a support or as-sistance.

;
huang thau lî chin cSi the wind blows cold, ;
chin kau to kliiu so cold that he shivers,
n
;
11.5 chin
Steelyards. chin kau hu-lu-tie; so cold that his teeth
~5^ cek ki chin; the steelyaid.
80 chatter. chin si; intolerably cold. chin jip
cha-chin kau the hook on wooden steelyards,
;
kut chilled to the bone.
;
to hu toi kp chin
li-chin ; money balances. chin-kua"; the bar chut lai the coldness arises from internal
;
of a steelyard. chin nSu-s-ph ; the coids by causes. chin to ci gOa phue coldness of the ;
which the basin is suspended on a steelyard, surfaces. chin kau koi-tp-phue phu; so cold
toa kua" chin large steelyards. chin-kia";
;
that goose pimples appear. pia" i kliiie chin ;
small steelyards, tang pua" chin; scales having cool it by pouring it to and fro. tiam-kia"
a brass basin. chu-chin thui the counter- ;
tiara-kia" cia" koi chin ; put it in little by
little and then it will ccol quickly.
poise on a steeljaid bar. si-be cl)in ; standard phuah i
scales. hii chin ; steelyards weighing sixteen chin ; cool it by fanning it. khah chin tieh
ounces to the catty. cam chin ; eighteen khu hip sie ;
if it is too cold go and warm
ounces to the catty, hang chin; twelve ounces it
up.
102 DICTIONARt Of THE SWATOW DIAtECt.
\-^ chin 181 A statesman ;

a vassal ;
a
IpU chio 74 A
dynasty; the court; facing.
I
i^ 20 ~0~ courtier who can speak to npsi 32 8 chio
lai
holding office under
;
his sovereign. government. nin cf-kp Q ti-tiang t5 chio Ifti

kun chin prince and ;
ministers. tong-chin ; cp kua° ? Who have you from this place that
loyal courtiers, cham-chin; disloyal courtiers, holds office under government ? chio-ki"; to
kang-chin a treacherous courtier.
;
khun see the Emperor. cle° chio; to go to court.
chin; the court. t5i chin; a great noble, mui" c5 chio to give audience.
; png chio oar ;
chin; a petty nobleman, pwn chin; a rebelious dynasty. tSi cheng chio ; the Great Pure
noble. liang chin ; an honorable nobleman, dynasty, chio ho the banner of the dynasty,
;
hien chin; a learned nobleman. bun chin, bii chio pAng; an audience chamber. chio h6k ;
chin ; civil and military officers of very high court dress. chio khau the examination for
;
rank. iong chin ; mediocre statesmen, chai conferring the Hanlin degree. cla"-tiin chio-
chin ; talented statesmen, bwn-kok chin-hdk ; kang reform and strengthen the government,
;
all nations submitted. cgk chio thien-c6 c6k chio chin each monarch ;
has his own set of ministers. sa" chio ngwn-

chin 170 Old ;
dried up.
stale ;
lau ; a high grandee of three reigns. tang
19 8 chln-phiie; dried orange chio it-pfn ; those of the first rank at court,
peel. chln-phuo kp ;
a medicinal paste made cd l&m chio pak ; sit on the south side facing
from orange cfa si chln-kii kfli
peel. chug bf; northward. n6 nangcS sie chio; the two sit
this is old rice out of a granary. facing each other. chio tui i kfti min ta' ue ;
faced him and spoke to him.
— cbio —
|5V» chio 80 Sick at the stomach.
chio 64 To mix by with
ffflj stirring y^'ir 1149 10 lia hu t6i li'-li chio khi lai, si
3pf .9^ the hand-11. ki" tho k&i le"; I feel all the time as if I wore
chio cau-cau mix'them ev^ly. mki" chio
; about to vomit. ci kai clah li'o t(5 lai H-kwn
khah coi cui do not mix iu too much water,
chio; since eating this my stomach is quite
;
cie^^-ijeif* [clîo. ^hu., if hah kAt; that is mixed too
Bti'ft."
m
"
chio c hie h c'eytiiix it thinner. chio

upset.
— chioh —
bAa; they will not mix by stirring.
m
cliio
chph khng png khut koi clah stir up some ;
chioli 109 To look around as in
food for the fowls. chio cp cek e mix them ;
584 thought, 6
together. rang tieh, chioh-chioh-nih, ta° bd cSk ku chut ;
being inquired of, he kept rolling his eyes and
i^
IR
chfo
972
Retired ; quiet.61
ce° chfo-chi'o; without bus-
7
winking, and could not think of a word to say.
kliu i kp ce ha" tieh, chioh-chioh-nih,
cng k&i
tle, i c6k
p6i" chio-chio klm cp, bp nang cai ; boi ta°; went to his house and berated him for
he went and performed his part unobtrusively, it, and he had nothing to say, but just looked
so that no one knew of it. cek koi° thoi" tieh thoughtfully here and there.
cp oi ce° chi'o-chi'o ?
appears so quiet
is it that
?
Why everything
chip
— —
chip 159 chip-io ; to bring together
chio 116 985 the most important
Jl5 Partially; tolerably. 9 to ;
1ti 746 7 chi'o hd; tolerably good, arrange the best parts > an abridged form of an
chfo 6i ; tolerably able, chio iS hah m ; it does extensive work. lia u cek
paug chip-io; I
not exactly match. chio-chfo cp tit ;
it will have an abridged edition.
barely do. chio-chio it will
perhaps do.
i^
P 14 952
5u ki-chfo i
chfo 149
7
Ridicule.
;
ki-chio ; to ridicule. pue-

m
chip sai
chip
988
;
120To pursue ; to search after.
chip uak; pursue and seize,
9
pursue smugglers, chip-sai cun ; re-
; jeered at him behind his back. venue-cutters, chip-sai kwn a custom house, ;
chip tit tieh, a chip m tieh ? Did you get them

57 chio force, regardless Relying on or did you not ? che-chip; on the search, sun
366 8 of right
strong, ;
chip; get on the trail, rait-mit ne chip;
secretly
chio hie" khi-hiiphuh hie"; the powerful vill- follow and wateh. chip chak in pursuit of a ;
age imposes upon the weak one. i td tien thief. chi'a" thek-chip ; ask for a search war-
chio; they are making a display of their rant, jip thek-chip tia"; enter a complaint ask-
forces.
ing an investigation. chip-liah ; the seizure.
DtCTIONARY OF THK SWATOW DIALECT. 103
— chit — c&k; his beard is chia kiie 11am a

too thick.
1
m kuo liara ? Do
the moustaches join in the
l__^ chit Sfiven.
middle of the upper lip or not? chiu laa khi
"T^ 987 1
chit-cap seventy. c&p-chit; ;
l&i ngia cSi, cheng-siu cheng-siu ; his beard is
seventeen. toi" chit jit on the .seventh day.
very handsome and of just the right thickness,
;
chit tien poih tau at sixes and sevens.

;
chit
chiu lau kill lai k'lah se° suah his beard gives ;
kha-to a Chinese puzzle of seven pieces. co
;
him too fierce a look. ngio u chiu; cats have
chit to attend to the funeral rites of each
;
whiskers. cai chiu to put on a false beard,
;
seventh day till the forty-niath day, after hue-sim kiii chiu the stamens of a flower,
|
which the burial takes place. b^h-sui chiu the awn of wheat.
; he" chiu ;
the feelers of a prawn, chuah tieh i kAi chiu ;
•
4J^ chit 64 To wipe with a dry cloth. jerked his beard, kiii tio ka-cuah chiu has a ;
ii^\i 768 6 chit ta; wipe dry. few spears of beard, like a cockroach. bp
chit ruak-cap ; wipe away tears. chit tio eng- chiu the tassel on a hat. cSk phau chiu a
; ;
teng ; wipe off the dust. chit phi"; wipe the tassel. si phau chiu kie a sedan with tassels
nose. than ciah cai chit chui mpurloin ; at its four corners.
;
nie-sua° ai c6 cek in chiu,

edibles and forget to wipe the mouth after a no in chiu ? Do you wish the parasol to have
eating them. chit tio nah-sap wipe off the ;
one row or two rows of fringe on it ? hu biie
dirt. khteh rain-p6 lai chit get a towel and ; tue cek phau chiu ; tliere is a tassel on the
wipe it.
end of it. sang kha sang chiu coi kai tek-sut;
* a cricket with legs and antennae of the same
-yt chit-chok The motion of walking-
T' ^
of feet, chit-chit
73 chih-chok-kie; the clatter
chok-chok kie tiii ci'-ko kiie;
length. chiu 18, tieh cii sie k3, they joined
their antennae and fought.
;
went clattering past here. mai° kia" kau

chit-chok-kie do not walk chit-chit chiu 18 The beginning of the month.
; noisily. ^Tt
chok-chok ; to scamper. "T/J 91 5 chiu it; the first day of the
month.
— chiu — month.
chiu sun the first ten days of the
S.U kfii gueli chiu
;
during the first

;
m 1000
chiu 115
4
The autumn.
chuu, he, chiu, tang; spring,
summer, autumn, and winter. lip chiu the ;
third of
M^
month
chiu
after next.
To redeem ; to take out

154
first day of autumn. chiu thi''-si in the ; Mp^ 781 15 of pawn ; to ransom,
autumn. chiu khui the autumnal season, ;
chi'u raueh-kia"; to take a thing out of pawn,
chiu liang; autumnal coolness. chiu uu the ;
chiu nang ; ransom a person. chiu-tng cek
latter part of autumn, chiu si'm; the autumnal chph chang-hng; lift a mortgage from fields,
assizes. chiu kua"; the officers of the Board ci koi" chu lia ai° kio i chiu, i ra hau°; I wished
of Punishment. cek jit, sam chiu the day ;
to take up the mortgage on this house but he
seemed as long as three years. chiu-siu the ;
would not consent to it. chiu khi lai, eng
late harvest. chiu sng autumnal frosts. ; jieh coi lai cl°? What will be the interest to be
paid in taking up the mortgage ? khah mang
190 Beard
chiu whiskers ; tassels ; ;
khu chiu ciu tng khu; if you defer the redemp-
^j^ 818
T2" fringes, tion of the property too long, it will become
peh chiu gray beard.;
chiu chang-peh his ;
the property of the occupant.
beard is hoary, o chiu black bearded. ;ang
chiu ; red bearded. lau chiu let the beard ;
B-li chiu To sneeze, as one does with
209
grow, thi chiu ; to shave off the beard, khoi
5r/L 417 a cold in the head,
~2
chiu to trim the beard.
;
so chiu ; to stroke
lia thia'-ki" oi phah ak-chiu, khi si thong li'o ;
the beard, jue chiu to twirl the beard.; lut
I hear him sneezing, and so he can now breath
chiu to fondle the beard.
;
cie" tun kai chiu
i chi'u-chiu-kie, cek lien
kie-co cie°-liam the beard on the upper lip is through his nose.
cii phah ku-a kai ka-thi; he kept sneezing, and
;
called a moustache. ho-chin ; whiskers. e

sneezed several times in succession.
po chiu ; the beard under the chin, no phuah
chiu moustaches.
; ngo p6 chiu moustaches, ;
side whiskers and goatee. ceng chiu start a ;

Sffl chiu 164 Abominable.
beard. ni chiu ; jiam chiu dye the beard, ; 1% 52 10 mS,u°-chiu ; ugly, chiu-lo;
chiu hi-hi ; his beard is very thin, chiu khah ill-looking, chiu su; disgraceful conduct.
104 DICTIONARY OF THIi SWATOW DIALECT.
chin 64 Tlie hand the arm. arm. soi" khi chfu ui

khiang, mang khi chia
^P^
'
;
can iang; who first begins overcomes, who last
J 754 one hand, cek ciah clii'u ;
sang chiu klileh take it in both hands. ; iu begins comes to grief. cang chiu t<5 pi ; is
chiu cia" chi'u tlie right hand.
; c<5 clii'u
; to ;
gesturing. cp chiu hi ; dress the hands and
chfu the left hand.
;
chiu e dependents, ;
u.se them
in performing as
puppets. i kam
chfu e hvvn u kiii kai a ti he ha.i several ;

tk° sicap chiu poih kieh he would make you ;
brothers younger than he. chiu cie" hwn u a believe he is a monster. mia" chiu a famous ;
hia" me ? Have you any brothers older tlian workman. hiit-chiu the five
fingered citron,
;
called Buddha's hand,

yourself ? thoi° tieh b6 nang t6, ciu loh chiu ; phong chiu; to join the
seeing that there was no one else present they palms of the hands. i k&i chiu id
phah pa-
attacked him. khui chiu to begin work, ;
cie"; he is clapping his hands. kde klia kiie
chiu peh iri khui; lie cannot open his hand, chiu it is in the way.
; tin kha tin chiu ;
khi chiu to raise the hand.

; tl-tlang soi" khi
make room for work. thdi" tieh si cek chia
chiu ? Who first lifted his hand ? kd chiu ;
pit; I should think it all the same hand writing,
vote by show of hands. kii chiu bo iiue <&i sit chfu ka-lauh khu let it fall from his hand,
;
clang hu when it is once set! led there is to be

; chin-lap ; chiu-thau ; gloves. chiu-kun ; a
no retraction. chiu cie"; chiu tdi ; the palm handkerchief. chiu-p6 ; a napkin. chin-
of the hand. chiu-t-ng-thau chiu cdi°; chiu ;
hwn a bracelet.
; chiu-cak ; a finger ring. i
kili chiu kua kai
biie the fingers.
; poi" ktiu chiu to put one's ; pangî; he wears a thumb
hands behind one. chiu kua t&ng-cdi"; wearing a brass
chiu-cng-thau chun chut ring.
lai io u tng id all the thimble, chiu teng ; .i hand lamp.
fingers are not of the
; chiu-ng ;
same length all people cannot be equals,

;
sleeves. chiu-fig khau ; the cuff of a sleeve,
biia chiu phue kai i"; money that is hardly (
lilu
chiu-cng-kali ; let the nails grow long. i
earned. chiu-toi
the lines in the palm, hiiii kai chiu-ceng si cie°-se"; that is the sort of
;
chiu cok hand and foot;

bi-olhers. work he does. kah nfing kah nfing kai chia
;
chiu-cng-
kah finger nails. chiu-c6i"-cak finger joints,
; ;
si; each person's handiwork is peculiar to him-
chiu-thiig; the elbow. chiu-wt the wrist, ;
self, m
khe'ng pkng chiu ; would not let go.
chiu-mfik the wrist bone.
; A cSh chiu-kut ; to bo kp h<$ lira chfu nothing to use as a rest for
;
brenk the arm. a chiu-kut k&i ci"; money the hands. 6ng tieh khah dn chiu too ;
difficult to handle. ti" kha, cak chiu an

gotten by very hard work. chiu-pi the arm. ; ;
chiu-pi-pa the fore-arm. chiu khun the fist,

; ; entanglement; encumbrances. tim chiu kfti
chiu ngan; his hands are cold, liah i lai phah 16i-.';io ; the custom of
shaking hands. sang
chiu-toi; seize him and ferule him. chiu ip-cft ; to shake hands in Chinese fashion.
phah
chiu khiin to box. iu chiu han" 6i"; the idler
;
loves to loaf. sok chiu chah chiu ; to fold ;

chiu 64 To scour ;
to scrub.
the arms. khang i kai chiu take hold of his ; |^,|> 040 14 sua chiu cxa" cheng-
eng
hand and lead him. sie khang chiu to clasp ;
khih ; scour it with sand and then it will be
hands. chiu goi ; handicraft. peh chiu sia ;
clean. chiu khi; to brush the teeth. chiu
wrote it off hand. co-chiu cp lai h<5 cJii the ;
kut-kut scour it smooth.
; chiu kiig-kng ;
workmanship is very fine. sim si kek chiu ; scour it bright. chiu kau peh-peh ; scour it
it is very difficult to do. sa" ciah chiu ; a white. chiu kau poh-sph-peh ; scrub it till it
shop lifter. sun chiu khieh lai ; bring it as is of
snowy whiteness. chiu khu tng tfam
you come along. cek chiu kiie cek chiu; to nah-sap scrub it till there is not the least
;
pass from hand to hand. kau ci-ko lfi,i u ngo speck of dirt left on it. chiu s6i scrub with ;
lak chiu ; it has passed through several hands water, chiu hiang-piii-cSu; .scrub it with soap-
before. e-chiu seug cie"-chiu ; the subor- berries, much se" iu, chiu te-kho cia" chiu tit
diuate becomes the superior. kue chiu to ; khu; it is oily, scrub it with tea-seed-cake and
transfer. thau m
kue chiu ; did not succeed you can scrub it clean, cai chiu ke kue; scour
in stealing it. lia chap chiu I had noth- m ;
it over again. chiu m khu cannot scrub it ;
ing to do with it. mai" lai chap kha chap off. chiu tit khu can scrub it off.
; chiu
chiu; do not meddle in it in any way. kok chiu; phua khu scrubbed it into pieces.
; chiu kau
a great doctor. lau chiu an old hand, che" ;
chiu sng; scrubbed till my hands were tired.
chiu; a raw hand, sek chiu; an expert, ie chiu;
to make the gesture which indicates chiu 30 To sell; to dispose of.
negation, 'JT^^
iah chiu to beckon. chun chiu ; to stretch 256 8 hwt chiu to be disposed of.
;
pl| ;
forth the hand. khue chiu; a withered arm. u lai mong mueh chut chiu ;
a certain thing ia
ci ciah chiu boi tin-tSng I cannot move this ; now in market, chin-boi ; sell off.
DICTIONART OP THE SWATOW DIALECT. 105
Ixt 81 To imprison a prisoner. never heals up. siu-bua li'o ciu kit phi ;
when
cilia ;
T it heals, a scab will form. chng-khau chle"

\^ 811 chlu-hQara ;
a felon. cblu-
bue-nek proud flesh has appeared in the sore,
kim ;
to imprison. ;
chng-khau pheng-hok li'o the sore is already ;
chlu 164 To repay ;

f o requite ;
re- well. chng-khau chwn-ju li'o the ulcer is ;
61 6 healed. chng ieh salve for ulcerated scalp,

;
conipeiise.
chlu un ;
to return
to return a favor, chiu sia ;
peh t&k chng; malignant white ulcers. teng
thanks, especially by a return present. clitu- chng; small projecting ulcers. ciang-14i ci
kai chng-khau ka" tieh phiia kia"; this ulcer
tap tfii un ; acknowledge a great favor. cliiu
will leave a scar.
sin CO hi ; acknowledge the favor of the gods
by giving a theatrical performance. eng-chiu 9 A
toa make large compensation. cliiu-lau ; a >^y- chng granary.
;
reward of merit. ^^ 949chng-pS,ng; a

8 storehouse,
chek-chng; a granary. khui chng cin-ci;
chiu 9 Enmity to revenge. open the public granary to save the people
yMt ;
from starvation. kau mong jit ciu huang

|/« 62 2 chiu-jin; an opponent, chiu-
t^k ;
an enemy. kak chiu ;
mutual enmity. chng ; on that day the granaries will be closed
and sealed. tiah chek jip chng; buy in
cla" chiu ;
take vengeance. hiap Lun s6ng
chiu ; to settle a blood feud. |
o-chiu ;
to re- paddy at the granary. ngi chng; a granary
Un cang chiu from which food is dispensed to the poor.
taliate. pp; return evil for good.
hiap chiu ;
take I'evenge. ti chiu ti hun leads
;
chng kam-tok; an overseer of public granaries,
to enmity and hatred. wn-chiu ;
a grudge. chng ngau bins in a granary.
; chng bi;
si-chiu garnered rice. cie" chng ; guard the
chin-Lun; to detest. ; hereditary granary,
enmity. jip chng; take into the gianary. did chng
kho ; examine the stores in a granary.
j^^ chiu 75 A tree.
XS-J c§k carg chiu
777 one tree,
12 ;
137 The compartments of a
chng
chiu sin the trunk of a tree.
; chiu ki, chiu 960
10 boat,
hieh, chiu kun, chiu-phue; the branches, leaves, cun chng ; the hold of a ship, than chng, biie
roots, and bark of a tree, chiu biie, chiu kha; chng, tang chng; ihe three hatches. khui
the top and the foot of a tree, chiu thau the chng begin to unlade the cargo.
; ;
huang
Btump of a tiee. toa chiu, chiu kia"; old trees chng; seal up the hatches. loh chng toi put ;
and saplings. chiu-lim a grove. ko chiu ; ;

down into the hold. cho loh kau cek chng;
dwarfed trees. chiu ni ihe resin or gum ;
fill the hold with it.
of trees. ciap chiu to graft trees. chiu- ;
bak; shrubbery, u c&ng toa cheng-chiu hp cia tLJ* chng 75 A

hamlet; afarm.stead;
im there is a large banyan to shade them,
; TJ 1020 chng; a small village,
3 hie"
chiu toa pun a the tree grows and puts forth ;
clmg hu a countryman.
;
chng cng a hamlet. ;
branches. sa° ke chng; a farmstead.

— chng —
^ti chng 116 To perforate, to bore, to
chng 104 A sore ;
an ulcer. :^P 4 string,
116 10 the visible
119^
chng-kliau ;
chng gu phi"; pierce the nose of an ox to pre-
part of a sore. thau- se" chng has sores.
;
pare it for the leading string. hi to
mo" tieh chiang Foi, cia" hoi ."ê" chng; the hair chng ;
pierce the ears. chng ci"; to string cash,

must be regularly washed Ihen you will not
chng cek choi" cek choi"; string them so as to
have an ulcerated scalp. chng kit phi; the have a thousand on each string.
Boro is forming a scab.
chng tio
chng-khau kai phi foh kiie khu run a
string through it.
;
chng
bue hp peh lio the scab must not yet be ; m jip ; cannot perforate it. chng kvie m ;
picked off the sore. chng-khau un khu the string will not go
khuah the sore has gradually spread. through. chng cek
;
lang pak cu ; string a string of beads. chng
tleh chut cheng-chp, cia" hp
eng ieh khu siu cam to thread a needle.
; u si tio hixa," ciu
- khau
chng the pus must all exude, then
;
chng m
kue ; sometimes the thread will not go
medicine may be used to dress the sore, khah
through because it is too large. to gd-n ng
me" siu chng-khau healed the sore too soon, lai
;
chng-chng chah-chah ;gees in and out in a
chng-khau chut lang, chut biie cheng-chd; the familiar way at the yamun. i mia°-ke cSi, tl
pus has not yet ceased to form in the sore, kia" tu to chng-chah tit
jip; he is very expert
chng-khau cong-ku boi siu-bua; the sore in getting
any Bort of case put through.
106 DIOTIONAET OF THE SWATOW DIALeCT.
tfill chng 18 To prick

to thrust into ; ;
— cho —
1035
to stab, 6
m
^1^'J
kia" cling ; to assassinate. chng kheh ; an oho n9 Coarse rough. ;
assassin, chng-siu ; to embroider, ki-chng i ; 1008 5 cho iu"; coar.se

and fine,
to taunt him. clinjf-su; a sub-prefect. chng cho liap coar-se grains.
; p6 cho; the cloth
fif istabbed and killed him.
;
chng kku haeli is coarse. lu si boi cho p6 a si boi iu° p6 ?
l&u stabbed so as to draw blood.
; toi" cJli, Do you sell coarse or fine cloth ? cho ciah cho ;
chng rii jip it is very solid, I cannot drive the

;
khau coarse food,
;
mo" cho tio ; its hair is
kniie in. cam chng tieh chi'a ; thrust a needle coarse. clio-.s6k nang a vulgar person,; cho-
into his hand. i7i cai than, kliut cam
chng mdng; rude unpolished.;
cho phue a coarse ;
t!eh inadvertently got pricke«l by the needle,

; complexion. cho kang-hu rudely con- ;
chng cili kliU broke it by the thrust.

;
chng structed, cp lai khah cho ; it is too roughly
kau chap-chap-chui ; broken into fragments by made, cho-cho ue coarse language, ;
cho cai
the thrust. chie" li-li chng; continuous td-li ; partly understood doctrines. cho sira ;
thrusts from spears. heedle.ss. cho sirn, ta' toa; rash and bold,
tam kui lam o, hi kui hi cho; when salt
chng 75 A table ;
a stand. is dear it is black, and when rice is dear it is
82 6 i" chn^ a round
;
table, si- coarse.
eien-chiig a square table, for only four sitters,
;
poih sien clina^; a large square table, for eight

sitters. chiii^-kui"; a table with drawers, i"- B^
f]^%
clio
903
180
9
The
next the skin.
flesh
the fiber or brawn,
cho-li;
chng slen-cf ie"; an oval table. ki-clin.j ; a long
narrow table.
p6i
.n
an oblong
ke chn;;
chng ki'a ; a small
table.
;
An
a low tnble. vhh^
ci kai pe° t6 chb-U, io chien ; this disease is iu
the muscle, and is not deep-seated, i kfti chi-
li cH kliui cu k5i kdm tteh
huangsia; when
;
table. mueh-kia"; furniture.

cl>ng i" tOa
the pores are open one is more easily affected
chak chng; a large lacquered table. ua"-chng;
a judge's bench. by harmful winds.
Iju chng 63 A bedsteod. chh 164 Vinegar; pickle.

/'^l^ 115 4 miii-chng; a bedstead. cSk 1008 8 c6t.bi cho; vinegar made
Ir
tie" toa rain-chng; a large double bedstead.
from glutinous rice. kie° cho; spiced pickle,
tOa chng chieh a mat for a double bedstead,
;
sng cho; sour pickle. ieh cho; medicated
miu-cliiig pang; the bed boards. niin-cling vinegar, hu-.se" cho; the pickle of mashed fish,
phin; the head and foot boards, min-chn*'- kfii cho tih ; a pickle dish, suah cho ; season with
ti-tu teng the frame of a tester. niln-chn''
;
vinegar. tham cho; add ingredients to make
hue"; the braces between the posts of a bed- more vinegar, cho the the mother in vinegar, ;
stead, min-ehng thek si hd peh-cie" rain-chn"'; cho koi animalcules in vinegar.
; co cho ra
the rungs of a bedstead assist one in
climbing sng; 3-our vinegar has no sourness. ciu ch6
into the bed. chak min-chng ; a lacquered kia", rain khiia" mla"; one who can make good
bedstead. tin toi rain-chng; a bedstead with
vinegar, need not cast horoscopes to ascertain
a rattan bottom. khang chng; a divan. ji his luck.
chng; a medium sized bedstead. sa" ho rain
chng ; a small bedstead. chng pho ; bed and
beddiTig. cie" chng; go to bed. jit tang ciah, cho 15 A concurrence of circura-
mS° tang chng; raessmates and bed-fellows. 963 9 stances to gather, ;
ua° chng; set up a bridal couch, pang to rain- cho kha cho khi'o ; a fortunate coincidence,
;
chng kha; put it by the bedstead, ut to min- cho kau sio just enough for the occasion,
;
chiig ki"; slept on the edge of the bedstead. cho-cip CO cek e casually collected together,
;
cho ngo da lai just as I was coming.

;
cho ili
chng 157 To sit on the heels; to kau happened to be insufficient.
;
cho sio ;
1021 12 squat, happened to be enough. khieh lai sie cho ;
chng kau kha sng; squatted till his legs ached, bring it and put it in with the others. cho
to hu chie" pi" to chng squatting tieh lia iTi 6i°; it happened that I was not just
by the wall, ;
koi to chng the hen is squatting.

;
phah kau then at leisure. ci pha" cho, m pha" to tear ;
i boi chng boi khia; beat him so he can neither

only a concurrence of circumstances other than
squat nor stand. chng-phiu puah loh khu ;
what is expected. cho coi accidentally ;
tipped over backwards in squatting down. assembled.

DtGTiONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALeCT. 107
ch6 61 Moarnfui grieved.

— choih
t^ % 963 y cli6 bai pnt
;
ti'en ; lowering choih 85 To weep silently, to sob, to

eyebrows. ia-cbo ;
sorrowful. cli6-bun ; \h^ 396 6 catch the breath as in
melancbolj. sio ch6; assuage grief, cho-iong sobbing.
mua" miu ;
a rueful face. i choih mih su ? What is she crying about?
— choi — khau kau choih wept so violently as to sob.
;
khau hiah hvvn-lio id choih; after he had

eboi Rice flour.
stopped crying he still continued to sob.
^tH: 590 ceng cboi *,
to make rice flour
— chok —
— clioi" —
cboi° 24 A thousand. chok 148 To excite ; to stir up to
j-^ 99 18 offend,
;
"I 980 1 csip peh kie-co cgk choi";

ten hundreds are called one thousand. choi" chok tieh i kai no ;
excited his wrath. chok
Bua" bvvn cui over innumerable mountains
;
tieh i
khi; made him angry.
se" chok m^k
kia" sim ; arouse tiie attention in such a way
and seas very far off.
; klieng cok clioi" cbiu ;
as to excite fear. chok-khi i kai sie"-thaa

congratulate the empress on her birthday, ;
choi" kim boi arouse his attention, chok-keng se"-ch6ng to

choi" li be; a swift courier. ;
chii, bwn kim boi lin; thousands of dollars may

irritate. chok huam to sin willfully, chok
;
buy a house, but millions of dollars will not

tieh ciu khi ;
if you touch
upon that he be-
secure good neighbours. choi^-bvyn ho m comes angry.
khu beyond
;
all doubt, it is inexpedient to go.
chok 62 A stamp a die a seal. ; ;
choi" 118 A small broom ;

to scrub ^/^ 84 14 khap chok affix a stamp, ;
801 6 with a broom. kip cek kai chok pun i gave him something ;
tek-c;h6i°; a bamboo broom. siu-choi"; a stiff to use as a stamp. to kua" kp nia k4i chok ;
broom, choi" cheng-khih scrub it clean with ; received a stamp at the magistrate's office,
a broom. koi-mo" choi"; a feather brush, tia" a-si bp khap chok, kua" in kheng siu the ;
cang choi"; a coir broom. hi" ch6i"; an ear magistrate will not receive a paper which has
bruslj. choi" piig-loi ; scour the skimmer, no stamp upon it
choi" thun ; the annual house-cleaning.
chok 64 To gripe; to seize.
u choi"
32
4
64 To scratch
kio koi pe"-ie", lu choi" cu
bo ciah ; is like the fowls, that must either
for food. 82 7 chok liah
uah chok caught alive.
;
;
to gripe firmly.
scratch or go without food. koi (p choi" tho-

e; the hen is scratching the ground for food.
>fy^ choi" 61 To inspirit; to incite; to

^ chok 9 To constrain to urge.
1015 7 kek chok to press urgently,
pek chok to hurry.;
kek-kek chok-chok ;
;
;
much straightened. kek-kek chok-chok to cp

/\^\ 1023 11 urge on; to stir up; to arouse,
si i choi" i khu cp it was he who put him up
bp hp much a fine piece of work cannot be
;
;
done in haste. si-hau khah pek-chok the
to do it. ua png-png m lai, si khut i choi" ;
time is too short. mai" khah tp-chok ciu hp ;

kau thiam cia" lai 1 should not have come of
;
if not too hurried, it may be done.
myself, but I was pestered so constantly by him
that I came. lu ho choi" i na kp you should ;
}^& chok 157 To contract the brows.

urge him to stay there. J<^ 1014 11 sang bai co-ni chok-chok ?
choi" 142 Silk-worms. Why do you frown so ? hwn-lp kau sang b§,i
^^^ chok cp cek e so sad that his eyebrows were
JKK 947
18 choi" ke" si silk- worms ;
di-avvn together,
;
bai-thau ce chok, sim ISi ciu

spin silk. choi" si the silk spnn by silk- ;
worms. ch6i"-k6i"; cocoons. choi" tau ; the phah tia" cu-i; with one contraction of the
chrysalis. choi" iah the moth. ch6i"nng;
;
eyebrows, his mind is fully made up.
the eggs. ci khi choi" lo toa tio ; this sort of
silk-worm is large. choi" ciah sng-siii hieh
— chong —
;
silk-worms feed on mulben-y leaves. chi

rfjH chong 128 Intelligent; clear headed.
choi"; to keep silk-worms, ju choi" ciah hieh ; •n>li»> 1024 11 chong-meiig, ti-hui clear ;
like the consumption of mulberry leaves by headed and sagacious. hi" chong, niak rn
silk-worms. p choi" bai ; beetling eyebrows. meng ; has good hearing but dim eyesight.
wUr cliong 10 To fulfill ;

to act in the ing him. chong-ti" kau nang kang-kho cSi j
109 involved to such an extent as to be
y\mA place of; to become,
"3 greatly
chong-mlia"; chorig-cok to fill up. chong ;
distressed.
chong-chong li'-ti'; much ham-
korig ; becorae public property. cliong-tng pered .
clie-hiah ; act as constable. phoi" i khu kliaa

/-L.> chdng To reverence ; to approach
46
gua chong-kun ; bani.slied beyond the frontier 110
to become a camp-follower. ke cboiig kua"- pT> with respect, i cun-ch6iig
8
i CO
tfe"; as.sume tbe style of an official.
16a; he treats him within the respect due
seng a superior.
chong discharge the duties of an office.
;
i si
chong ti n&ng kai khueh ? "Whcse place is he

filling? chong 60 To follow ; to comply with ;
1024 8 from whence ; since,
;
15 To rise to rush thia' ch6ng; heedfully regard. sQn chong;

Vn| chong up upon ; ;
• 109 obediently follow,

I 4 to pour hot water upon and sin cliong;
trustfully follow,
infuse. cun ch6ng; respectfully follow. tue chdng;
to the heavens. wn-kh\ follow on behind.
chong thi"; to rise up chong nieng follow his ;
chong thi"; his wrath waxed so as to fill the instruclionH. chOng leng ; follow orders, i si
sky. DO hwt chong kwn in his anger his ch6ng 11 cek ka ? Of what sect is he ?
;
chong
hair rose on end so as to lift his sim tii"; follow his own wishes.
i-6 b6 chong
cap. chong
thi" tit pue can fly into the clouds.
;
i ka" jlpchiu; there is no way to carry it out. lu ki'
toaphitbe tit-tit chong-jip chfik !a" ISi he ; chdng ua a iti ? Are you going to comply with
daied to rush alone straight into the enemy's my wishes or not ? jlm chdng lu ; do as
you
camp. chong pliua khu rushed against and
;
like. khut chdng; coniply by constraint,
broke it. kfa"-jit kai jit-ci' sie chong; to-day ngwn chdng; willing compliance. sam chdng
si-tek to ke chong pe, chut ke
will be untoward.
si-jit sit chong; tlie time chdng hu, hu
is adverse.
chong tieh i kai pfig mla"; un- sf
chdng cd hti-jin s\ tek, iong-raSu, kang-hu,
:
favorable to his own fate. chong cQang to ;

ta"-Qe, pin-heng; the three feminine duties
disagree with, la" ue chong tieh i said what ;
are to obey one's father before marriage, to
offended him. chong ceng te lai ciah infuse ; obey one's husband after marriage, and to obey
a cup of tea to drink. one's son in widowhood the four feminine
chong choh ngS-hiin ;
:
ninke some arrow-root porridge. chong ieh- virtues, are neatness in dre.ss, diligence in work,
buah ; steep medicinal powder. chong chph carefulness in speech, and propriety in conduct.
nek-kiii steep some cinnamon.
; chong s&i- cQ chdng ua lai kau la"; from the time when I
pia pour hot water on dried persimn)ons.
; i came until now. chdng kirn i" Su from this ;
kai bi ciu chong khi lai its flavor time forth, chdng iTi pat cW-se"; it has never
escapes in ;
tlie steam
ri.sing from it.
been so before. chdng f-oi kau Ida; from in-
hiie-kuang chong
thi"; the fire illuminates the sky. in chong fancy to age. Ill
chdng ti-kp Ifti ? Where do
khi lai the steam rises.
; chong l&i rn sek it ; you come from ? ai° chdng tl-ko khu ? Where
is not are you going ? chdng-clidng iong-iong; tin-
steeped enough, chong ci'u, chong ciii ;
steeped in wine or water. embarrassed. chdr.g-iong ce give a little
;
more freedom, chdng lu kai j follow your ;
^5y Hurried agitated.

chong 61 ;
idea. i"-keng chdng liang lio has already ;
^Li> 5 1024
lu chong-chong ai" khif. il reformed. chdng tSng ng: cQe judge the ;
ko ? What are you going in such haste ? cek offense severely. thi" m chdng nang ngwn ;
heaven does not comply with human wishes,

f-i
chong-chong put kip kio lu ta°; the time is
too hurried for me to tell you about it now. chdng ll-kai sl-han cie"-se" ? Since what time
Id mai° chong-chong has it been thus ? chdng tl-ko thdi'
marg-mfing, khua°-khua"
li do not be in haste about it at chut? At what point did you discover this?
; it, arrange
your convenience. chdng ll-kai sin-se° thak-cu? With what tea-
cher did you study ? lu kim-ni t<5 chdng tl-
nyn chong 61 Sorrowful mourning.
; tiang ? Whose school do you attend this year ?
IT^ 109 4 i ci hue kai sim chong- chdng-chli ciu siang-hp ; since that time they
chong; at this time her heart is very sad. have been on good terms with each other,
chdng th&u kau biie ta° ua thia"; relate it to
J^l 120
chong-ti"; to bother, to
chong me from the beginning to the end. chdng
JyJ 414 2
perplex, to entangle. gua phah jip ; go in from the outer surface,
i cong-ku. \6 chong-ti" i ; she is always bother- chdng lai hwt chut ; springs up from the
DICTIONARY OP THK SWATOW DIALECT. 109
interior portions. ch6ng liu toi khi lai ;

i/Ty*
chd 76 Distress completed. ;
comes up from the bottom of it. cliong u-ce (

yAi^ £4 "9^ kh6-ch(5; anguish. slam
l&i came from school, chong soi u toa great
; ; tit cf k&i kh6-chp cannot endure this agony,
;
results from small beginnings. chong-coi" si cheng-chd done. ; cheng-cheng ch(5-chp all ;
co-ni ? How was it formerly ? chong-ko bue u finished up. H cheng chd completely ar- ;
kki there never before was any such thing,

;
ranged, tang 8oi° tk" cheng-ch<5 it was all ;
chong-ko iTi pat th6i"-ki"; never saw it before, talked over and settled beforehand.
chong kui° thoi" ke look down from a great ;
height. tiie chong i kai ie"; follow his ex-

^pu* chp To mistake to err ; wrong.
167 ;
ample, chi mng lu kai sin chong ti-ko lai ; ^H 1004 "8"
bp ch6; it is all right, there
ask you to consider whether you are doing no
is mistake. bp cha-chp; without an error,
your duty to those who bore you. chong-lai bp cha bp chp ; without a single mistake,
bo kai there has been none such hitherto,
;
thoi" chp n8,ng made a mistake in the person,
;
chong-lai chdng-coi"; aforetime,

;
heretofore. thia" chp lie ; made a mistake in hearing. cp
chong ko from olden times. ; chong kira i" chp su erred in doing.
;
kia° chp l6 took the ;
fiu Id tieh oh ho henceforth you must learn to

; wrong I'oad. khieh chp much; took the wrong
do well. ch6ng lu ciu si that is what I will ; thing, ta" chp; a slip of the tongue, cong-kii
do, I will comply with your wishes, bp chong cp chp; always doing the wrong thing, ch6
cu kui the mother is ennobled through her
;
chi'u ;
a slip of the hand. chp chiu phah si i ;
son. chong sien ju liu follows righteousness ; killed him by accident, chp chiu ka-lauh khu ;
as water its channel, chong piie-Su khu thoi"; let it fall by a slip of the hand. chp-go ; to
looking backward. mismanage. cliwn m jin clip wholly refuses ;
to confess his error, cai jin chp cu ho if you ;

cho 140 Strong smelling vegetables ;
confess the fault it will be all right. lu cho
268 9 all meats included among sie" chp ; err in
those forbidden to those who fast.
li'o ;
you are already astray.
reasoning. chp-ta"; in error.
lu ciah ce a ciah chp ? Are you a vegetarian or
do you eat all sorts of food ? phi" tieh chau X30J chp 9 Rough, hispid, not smooth.
cho smelled a strong savour. cia pia" si ce
|/C 95 13 tieh cho-cho chp-cli6 ;
;
mong
kai a chp kai ? Have these cakes any animal it feels thoi" tieh chp-chp, ra
very rough.
fat in them ? i ciah ce, mai° raak tieh chp ; he
kng-kut ;
it
appears very rough and .has no
is a vegetarian, so do not put iu what he can-
gloss on it.
not partake of.
chp 167 To file to rasp a file.

18 At the first in the beginning- ^ÂU ; ;
^tI chp ;
Woil 1004 7 khia ki chp lai chp take
'iVv 91
t§.ng T ua hti chp-chp ciu kio
a file and file it. chp i kng file it smooth, ;
;
lu ta"; I told you so in the very beginning, lu

chp kau pe"-pe°; file it down even. eng chp-
tng clip cp-ni fa" ? did you say in the What kia" chp tng file it in two with a thin file.
;
beginning? chp hwt; at the opening. chp h6"-cih chp an oval file.
;
lai the new comer,
; chp oh the new scholar, ;
chp se°; the first born. cho khui po-thau a ;

chp 130 Tender; friable.
newly opened port. a chp kp; this raw hand, 1004 7 nek chp-chp; the meat is
ni in the first years. at the
chp ; chp-thau-e ;
very tender, au chp; friable from decay, chp
commencement. kia° leng cu chp ; at the first kio jun tiii-mln; friable is the opposite of tough.
promulgation of the order.
chp 119 Paddy which is hulled but
^îl
-
1^^
'
chp 140 Rough, hasty, careless the ; âS- 956 11 not pounded
rude; rough, ;
l' 956 ~6~ running hand a rough copy ;

chp hi; unpounded rice, khah chp ; too rough
or original draft. and rude. cho-chp ; coaise and crude. cho
Bia chp ji ; write the running hand. l<?-ch(5 ;
hue; coarse goods.
rough, careless, slight, kang-hu cp, mai° tieh
lp-ch6 must do it neatly, and not slight it.
; [a chp 64 To humble; to take down one's
i kai
khang-khue l<5-ch(5 cai his work is done ;
1004 7 pride to break the spirit ;;
without pains. ch(5 kp the rough di-aft. ;

to cow.
jeng cua khi chp the original draft of an ; chp i kai i kS.i
jue-khi ; brought down his
essay or document, cin ch(5 put bii ; the copy bravado. eg ch6 tieh jiie-khi cu bo ta"; as
and the original do not agree. phah chd ;
soon as his courage is once outbraved, he will
make a rough draft, no longer dare bully people.
110 DICTIONARY OF THB SWATOW DULECT.
P^
jeCjr
cho
91
154
5
To
receive.
contain, to bold ;
to 18 To prune; to
chu lop off.
821 10 chu tlo chiu ki; prune off the
h<5 cho cfu ;
it is goodkeep spirits in.
to ci- branches. hin ki-ie" tieh chu tio ; those small
kai boi cho cie this does not hold less
hi(i-kai ;
branches must be lopped off. chu kku cek ki
than that. cf kai toa lia" cho no seng bi this ; kng-kng; pruned so as to leave a bare branch.
large bowl holds two quarts of rice. khieh
cho chd 88
take in marriage. To
kai raueh get something to put it in.
h(5 ;
khleh ke nQ kai pua° cho che''-kuai"; get two 1011

;
take a wife, chu
8 chii chi
more trays to put the fruit on. cho iTi tit ; it chiap chii phien-p&ng take a concubine.
; kl ;
will not hold them all. cho kau cSk puah tl"- chii a second marriage.
; k^ chii ; marry and
tl°; holds a pot full, cho tc ; it contains tea. give in marriage.
— chph — chii 141

chu cam ; sentence to ex-
To judge ;
<o adjudge.
«h^ 94 5
choh 64 A quantity to gather up ; ; ecution, chii hun ; judge of one's fitness for a
1006 12 to take out. post. kau pd ngi-chu ; hand him over to the
cek choh th6 ; a little earth. IxSi chph lam Board for sentence. cliii si kfti su
;
kang-kho ;
buy some salt. chun cek choh-kia"; have a it is difficult to decide what is
right in the
small quantity left. khieh chph-kia"-ni )&i ; affairs of thisworld. chia" kong-chin th!o
ci cgk chph khieh khii
bring a little of it. chii ask arbitrators to decide.
; thia" nftug
chain-pang hu cek chpli k6 take this and min- ;
khng.uhii; act in accordance with the advice
gle it with that. khieh cek chph ciii lai pun given.
lia ciah bring me some water to diink. chong
M
;
chph te lai make some tea. ; ciah chph-ki'a" 29 To apply to one's own use ;
chii
lio has eaten a little rice. chph hi'a io 6 1010
to select for use ; to appro-
png ;
chiet-io k&i lai tk°; make a summary of what priate to lay hold on.
;
is most important and tell it. niing-mueh cm, khp-chii suitable, ci k&i n&ng kh<5.chli ; this
;
cliph kiii naiig lai llara ; there are a great many person is very suitable. tSi fi klid-chii ; toa-
of them, select a few of them to come and t5a hd-chii; very appropriate, bo c6k kia" h6-
recite. theng choh kui niing ; took a few of chii; wholly unfit. th6i" tieh tai-tXi chii i;
them at random. th^ng chph cek cak lai consider him a very suitable person for the
rang take a verse at
;
random and ask questions place. chti-t6ng; promoted. chii l&k ; to
about it. choh cek png lai thoi" i pat a t7i pat; chii clue i got the
pursue pleasure. laugh ;
select a volume and see whether he is familiar on him. slang chii, tong chii, chu chii ; the
with it. sui i choh, to pat whatever he ; highest on the list of graduates, these near
takes up to question them upon, they prove them, and those lower down. i kai uo hd
familiar with it. chii-sin his report is trustworthy.

;
chwn m
hd it is not to bo relied upon,
chii-sin
;
cu chii
chph 9 Contracted. khi hiia; he brought this misery upon him-
i& does
1015 kai 7 bai cp-ni chph-chph n6 ?
i self, ci'a si i ka-ki cQ chii, m si nang hai i
Why he scowl so ? k&i bai chph cp c6k kai he brought this upon himself, and no one
;
pe ;
his brows are drawn up into one mass. else is responsible for the injury. chii cek ki
chiu ki laid hold on a branch.
;
chii m cie°;
chph 30 To cough becatise of some- could not get up by holding on to it. ci kai
429 9 thing in the throat. chu CO seng, ci kai cliii cp toa", ci kSi hd
i ciah li'o chph §,u when swallowing it, it ; chii cp thiu ; that one will do for a male per-
strangled him. khua°-khua" ne, m<5 chph-§.u ; former, that one can act the part of a female,
take it leisurely, and do not strangle yourself and this one may be the clown. i>eng-toa°
with it. chii ngun cek choi" ni'e this draft is for a ;
— cbu — thousand taels. lii chu ci kai hp, ua li chii hii
kai hp you take that one for your use and I

;
cbu 156 To follow the fashion of will take this one for mine. chii i cek sang
10 1010 the time. mak hp ;
consider his eyes the best. am chii ;
chu follow the prevailing style.
si ; chu si ; make use of secretly, chu ciii, chii te ; choose
cleave to the strong. mia''-ke phun chu; an water or tea for use. chii khu kui° chu khu
expert sycophant, to ge-mng teng phuu-cbu ; ke ; placed high or low on the list. chii to
a banger on at the yamun. kd-tdng ; ranked as a curiosity.
DIOTIONABT OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. Ill
hire a house. cliii co; house rent. n^ng sJ

4^
^>fC
cbu
944
64 To pluck, to pick, to gather.
8 cliph kue-cf khut lulng chu
chu the"; people are the props of a house. 1^
kau lio-h'o; the fruit haa all been plucked by ti-tiang-si ai° khii chu ? When are you going
Bome one. i khu chii chau-ieh she has gone home ?
;
to gather medicinal herbs. khu chii ki tho-ki

-Jdtfc
To put ; to set in order.
chii 64
Hu-ki lai ; go and pick a sprig of peach and
one of willow, and bring thera here. J^ 8 1008
chu-ti raueh-kia"; to get
chii chiu put kip put his
things in order. ;
hand to it too late.

»
1^ chu 3 chu-nang; a resident of the
^ I ... 87 4 place ;
a native the host, ; chii 156 Agreeable ;
attractive.
chii-nang si ti-tiang ? Who is the resident ma- 1011 8 chu-bi
amusing queer ;
; ;
nager ? lia si chu-nang lu si nang-khek ; I pretty, chii-bi si; amusing beyond expression,
am a native, and you are an alien. hah tit chu-chu bi-bi ; exceedingly interesting. ne,
chu-nang i pien-si ho kang-hu if it suits the ; chu-bi chii-bi; very winsome. sit cSi ii chii-
notion of a resident of the place, it is certainly bi ; really agreeable. bp sim-mih chii-bi ;
not
well made. to ke u nang-kheh, chut gua cia" particularly pleasing. i si t<5 ta" chii-bi kai ;
u chu-nang if you have guests when at home,

; he is telling what amuses. bp chii bd bi ;
you will have hosts when you go abroad. hu altogether uninteresting. a-no"-kia'' chii-chu
kp u chii-nang-thau a bo ? Is there any one bi-bi ; the child is very winsome.
there who exercises hospitality to new comers ?
chi'a" i lai co chu-nang invite him to act as chu 60 Leisurely with dignified
;
rf^^ ;
host and assist in entertaining the guests. 'j>y> 819 y slowness,

chu-chu ne, mki" khah me"; be moderate and
tX^^ chu 141 A place; a spot a condition. composed, do not be in a hurry. chu-chu n§
;
94 5 si chiion all sides. kak kia"; move sedately along.

JjXJ^ ;
chu; everywhere. chu-chu

elsewhere, to pafc
to si cie^-se"; it is
chu
— chiia —
just so in all places. ;
no chu to sie ce"; there is rivalry between the >^ chiia 77 Awry askew ; ;
deflected.
two places. ci chu bp hue, pat chu chai if ; jE. 1037 5 cam
the needle is boi chua ;
there are no flowers in this spot, pick some not bent. co lai chiia it is made crooked. ;
i
elsewhere. pat chu cai-se" ? How is it else- kai chili chua-chiia; his mouth is drawn to one
where ? bo sim-raih ho chu ; there is nothing side. chiia chiii a wry mouth. tie" chiia
;
very good about it. tp-li sueh kau ho chu ; chili to make faces.
;
6i-t6i-hu lun kau chiii
the doctrine was so explained as to benefit the chua the sole endures till its mouth is drawn
;
hearers. ta° i kai to chu

spoke of his short-
; out of shape; his appearance of suffering is his
comings, cu u ho chu it has good points,; natural aspect. i kai bp ti khu chua; his cap
kun-ki chu ;
the General Council of State, ia- is put on askew. i kai thau-khak se" lî
bii chii ;
the Military Council. chiia ; his head is deformed. phi" chiia his ;
nose is crooked. cp chiia sit in a slovenly ;
chii 44 A house a dwelling.; attitude, mai" pang chiia do not set it down ;
1064 ^ cek CO chu ; cek koi° chu; askew. kia" chiia lo went by the wrong ;
one house. chu ti ; the building spot. chu road, cun sai chiia kiie hie" p6i°; sail the boat
tie"; a building lot. chu-teng the roof of the ; at an angle in crossing to the other side. ci"
house. chu cii the owner of the house, toa
;
sia kliu chiia the arrow was shot to one .side,
;
chu a large house.

;
chii kia"; a hut. chii mai" khia chiia do not loll nor lean against
;
ki" khi jieh khuah ? How large a house are anything when you stand. ku khu ch ia ;
yon going to build ? td khi sin chu is ;

sawed obliquely. jit-thau chiia tiam-kia" lio ;
building a new house. siu-sip ku chu to ;

the sun is already a little past the meridian.
repair an old house. lau chu ; an old house.
lS,u chii-pi"; an old neighbour.
live in the same house.
f
A,ng chii tiu
i td cie° chu he is ;
;
^
vl
I
chiia
1102
57
T
To lead on
forward; to
;
to bring
induce; to
guarding the house. lii chu to ti
kp ? Where confirm in ; to perpetuate.
is your home ? b6 chii bp .so without house ;
chua ciii kai nang pilots. ;
chiia ciii cun ; a
or home. t6i° chu to mortgage a house,
; pilot boat. i cie"-se° chiia nang 16 ; by thus
chu si tug kai the house is taken on a
; doing he brings dislike upon himself, cek k§.i
mortgage. chii-t6i°; a tenant. siie chii to ;
li chiia
nang sieh, c^k kai li chUa nang ui ;
the
112 PICTIONART OF THE 8WAT0W DIALKCT.
one gets people's love, and the other gets chuah 64 To pluck to pull.
;
people's fear. nang ii tdchQa cu koi pat if ;

^JC 913 8 kai tin ; pull
chuali tlo i
there be some one to lead the way, it will be oil' mai" chuah tlo i kai hue-
the tendrils.
easy to follow. hah do not pluck out its petals.
;
chuah tlo i
kai mo"; pulled oat the fur.
chua 50 To
lead ; to conduct, to
846 "8
guide, chuah 162 To go off at the side to ;
in chua to guide.
;
lu pat l6, h($ iu-cliQa i ; 274 5 deflect,
guide him, since you know the road. khut i chuah tiii hu cek p6i" ko khu; turned and
in-chua khu eo m-hd kai su was lead into evil ; went off on that side, chuah tui Ki'e 16 kp khu
by him, io kQn ; turn off and go by the side path and
it is nearer.
chua
1011
88
8
To bring home
to bring home a
chQa bo;
in marriage.
— chuang —
wife, chfla sim-pfl; take a wife for one's son. ^fray chua:
lang 144 chuang-cQang ; to butt
chQa ji-n^ng; take a concubine. chQa chiah-
kha take to wife a woman whose feet have
Wl 109
sion with
9 against; to come in
to run foul of ; to go counter to.
colli-
; ;
their natural shape. chua sin-nie to bring ; i 111

chuang-cQang tieh i mih su she does
cai ;
home the bride, chua sun sim-pfl; take a wife not know in what way she has ofi'ended him.
for one's grandson. i7i ke rli chua neither ; i (6 Fu to si chuang-chuang cfiang-cuang i,
marry nor give in marriage. chQa a bQe ? chwn hd keng i Iftu-toa; he is all the time act-
Has he yet taken a wife ? tiang-si ai° kio i ing contrary to his views, and pays no regard
chQa? Whenare you going to take a wife for to him as his senior. 6i chuang-cuang li mki'
him p i si chQa
nang cdk chut ksli ; he has kill,tang i hli siu-put-sl; if he has offended
taken a wife who has been married before, you do not be vexed, but wait until he comes
chua c6i a hue ? Have you taken wives for all and apologizes to you.
your sons yet ?
— chiia" — ^£l chuang
out
21
169
IlO to
To push ahead
rudely, with
-
|»wj regard etiquette,

PH chua" 169 To bar ;
to bolt. chuang tSu ; to rush across in front of others,
I J 786 1 chiia" ning ; bar the door, chuang tieh i kai be-th&u ; bolted across in
mng tieh chiia" h<5 ; you must bar the door front of his horse. chuang jip khu
tit-tit ;
tightly. bolted straight in. chuang kiie khu

tit-tit ;
— chuah — bolted right across. theng chuang rushed

abend with no regard to politeness. chuang
;
chuah 182 To drive on or sweep up chut su lai, bo ukng chai lu if you introduce ;
470 6 as a whirlwind does; to the business unceremoniously no one will pay

blow fitfully and strong. khut huang chuah heed to you. i hie" hau"
chuang su, u jit tieh
khii; blown off by the wind, mai" khut huang chuang chut hua lai he is so fond of rudely
;
chuah cau khu do not let it get whisked away

; intruding into matters, that he will some day
by the wind, ci kai si khut huang lih khu kfii ;
find himself in trouble.
this has been torn by the wind's flapping it.
— chne —
chuah 76 To deceive intentionally chne 80 To blow.
; rt>jr*
^\ 342 8 to cheat
impose upon ;
to ;
fxV 101 sio cau gauh
4 play on
chue ;
to befool. chuah i m cai imposed upon his ; wind instruments. mai" khut huang chne
ignorance. chuah r7i cai cQ cau khu took ; cau do not let it get blown away by the wind,
;
advantage of her not being on the lookout pun huang chue phiia; torn by the wind, khut
and made his escape, cek-hue sui-si chuah tit huang chue lih rent by the wind, toa huang
;
kue, e jit cQ chuah m kue though you have ; chue cih chiu ki a high wind breaks limbs
;
fooled him once, you won't be able to do it from the trees. ra-hp pun huang chue tieh ;
again. b6 sie chuah ; no deception practi.sed do not expose yourself to the wind. huang
by either party. chuah nang m cai thoi"; chue lai liang-liang; the wind blows cool,
took his opportunty when no one was looking. huang chue ciii min, ciii ciu cSk-cue-hun c6k-
i cie°-se° si ka-kl chuah ka-ki; he is thus cue-hun ; the wind blowing over the water
cheating himself. makes it ripple iu long lines,
DICTIONARY OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT. 113
me so that I can do nothing. chui nie ; dun

chne 86 To cook food by steaming it.
102 T
chne piig, cline liu, chue for taxes. chui che ; hasten the messenger,
khut i chui Ho kha tong chia sih ; was hurried
nek, chue kiie to steam rice, fish, tiesh or
;
cakes. khieh phng IC'iig-sng tdi hu chue; put by him 80 that I could not work.
it in the steamer and steam it. hip rai"-mi°
T^gl chui 64 To pull at steadily and
c\a" chue oi sek cover it ia tightly and then it
will steam thoroughly.
;
4^B 1017 11 forcibly to strain, ;
eng lak ce chui cu tng; exert your strength in

chtie The marrow.
188 pulling upon it, and it will break. ci tio sua"
fflv^ khut i chui tng khu; this cord was broken by
flJcL 827 kut cliiie the marrow of a
l3 ;
bone. ie-kut chue spinal marrow.^ gu

his pulling upon it. sph sin-sin co-ni oi chui
tng khu ? How could a perfectly new rope
;
kut chtie beef marrow. tu-kut chue ;

; pigs^' break under a strain like that ? thih-llen pun
marrow. thau-khak chue the brain. liu ;
thau chue ;
fish brains. tu-thau chiie pigs' ;
huang-eng chui tfig cp ku-a ko ; the iron chain
suck out the mar- has been broken into several pieces by the
brains. cuh i kai chiie ;
strain of the storm.

row, ieh oi p6 ceng-chiie this medicine
ci ie" ;
Btrengthens tlie bones. hun jip kut chiie ;

chui 64 To infer ; to secede from ; to
hatred has penetrated his very bones.
926 8 give place to.
118 A chui chut i kai i-su ; to infer his meaning,
chue switch, stick, or club.
chui-iii ; to excuse one's self. chui-si ; to
101 8 io koi in ui chiie; a hungry
fowl does not mind the switch. Id raai" to decline, as an appointment, i chui-chui lii-iii
kie kua°-chue ;
do not yell as if you were
rii
kheng lai he makes all sorts of excuses to
;
get rid of coming. chui-cun i siang oi give

receiving an
;
official beating.
place to him as the most able, chui-cun i toa;
chue 147 To seek ;
to search. give place to him as your superior, chui-khui ;
596 chue tieh has found it.

4 ;
to evade, chui sng to calculate. ;
chue m tieh cannot find it.

;
chue lo trying ;
chui 82
Fine; delicate; minute.
to find some way. chue ki-hue seeking a
good chance, chue phang on the watch for a ;
;
^^
chiii
1018
its
8 i kai hue khui chut lai chiii-
flowers are very delicate. sin teng

good opportunity. ang chue-r7i-ki" bo, bo ;
chue-r7i-ki" ang, pe chue-iTi-ki" kia°, kia" chue- phu cek liap cek liap chui-chiii si sim much ?
Little blotches have come up all over him, what
ui-ki° pe ; husbands were searching for their
is the matter with him ? i kai mo° ne chui-
wives, and wives for their husband, fathers for
chiii its fur is downy, hfeh s6i-s6i chui-chiii;
their children, and children for their fathers, ;
hd khu chue; if it is missing go

a-si i7i-ki°-khu.
the leaves are very small and delicate. cek
tiam cek tiam chiii-chiii dotted with very
and search for it. phah tang-lo chue a-no°- ;
lid m
small dots. cek tio cek tio chui-chui lined
kia"; beat a gong and cry a lost child.
;
with very fine lines. cek kai cek kai chui

ho chue tie do not seek for excuse.
;
chui ; in minute particles. ah-kia" kai mo°
chueh chui-chiii a duckling's feathers are very fine.
;
chueh 30 To drink or sip with a noise.

chueh J*i chviiTo measure ; to estimate.
64
8.3 8 thng; to eat soup
112
9 chiii-tak i kai i-pu ; get at
noisily. phin-khiong nang ciah mue" chueh his meaning, chiii-chek rri pat to khu do not
am the poor eat congee and sip the broth,
;
;
chueh til loh ; cannot sup it. chueh tieh tiam know how to estimate it. lia ce chiii-chek ciu
cai ; when I have made a calculation I shall
c5i sipped and found it very sweet.
;
know, chui-bda kai kang-hu painstaking labor.
— chui — ;
chui ^
To urge to importune ; chili 124 Turquoise blue.
^
;
fffi. 1017 11 to dun. 1018 hui-chui gek

8 ; blue jade.
chui i me" ce chue i kin ce hurry him up.
; ;
che°-chui che"-chui bright green. ;
chui i CO me" ce urge him to hasten the work,

;
chui thp sio-b§.k importunately demanded the ;

chui 30 The mouth, nozzle, snout or
amount of the chui nang-kheh impor-
bill. ;
1016 12 beak,
tune a guest to stay, chui chok to expedite. ;
cio chili ;
a bird's bill. tu chiii-tun ; a pig's
Id mal" chui-pek khah ki'ti ; do not drive him the spout of a wine
snout. ciu pang chui ;
too hard, chui kau via mih su bo co; presses pitcher, nio'-ho" chui ;
a tiger's mouth, hun
114 DICTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALKCt.
ting chui the mouth-pieco of a pipe. g§ cliui,

;
cek toa ohiii ; a big mouthful. kS c^k chiii ;
g^k chui, kak chiii, kat chiii ivory, j ide, horn

; bite off a mouthful. i ciu si cO
kira-kng ua la
and bone mouth-pieces. cira-chui to kiss, ;
ai" ka i sa" chiii n^k if ho were a warder of
;
cang chili khii cira i kissed him. chiii siap

; ; the temple gate even, I would bite out three
no appetite; a bad taste in the mouth. chiii moutlifiils of his flesh. chiii thoi" ki", mak
kfit; a good appetite; the mouth healthfully him
thoi" ki"; I see plainly.
; a tiara chili nie
clean. chiii kang-ta the mouth parched,
; seductive woman. tiam cSi ; honeyed chiii
chili kho a bitter taste in the mouth.
;
chiia speech. chiah chui chiah cih; it puckers
chiii the mouth drawn to one side.
;
khih up one's mouth. chiii tu-tu with her mouth ;
chili hair-lip.
;
lA mai" 6h chiii 6h cih do ;
puckered up. chui-lim-phue the lips. ;
not mimic him. i

ciap-chiii khi lS,i ta"; he
took up the story and went on. si i id pang chili 112 Fragments; small remnants.
TjTnf
chiii he is taking his part in the dispute,
;
'try' 827 8 kha chiiito knock in pieces.
;
boi chui hue; speaking eloquent nonsense, p6 chiii; rags, ua" chiii; broken dishes, phah
i kfli chui oi cS,i he is an able speaker.
; the i chili ; to sliiver by a blow. chiii kiie iam ;
kai chili biie ta°; repeat it after him. lu k&i finer than salt. "gl^'i ohiii ; broken money.
chui cih mai" khah kin ; do not be in too great chili ngun; small lumps of silver. ciia chiii ;
haste to begin to eat. lii nmi" coi chiii do not ;

fragments of paper. lang-chiii miiuh-kia";
chatter so much, i chwn tri in chui, tl;im.li im odds and ends. clikm-chiii kai mixed mis- ;
cellaneous articles. chkm-chiii kang.hu; odd

thia"; he listened, and did not answer at all.
chiii chau an offensive breath.
;
i kai chiii jobs. cham-chiii boi sells at retail. cheng;
ciii chui'iDueh boi kui choi" ci" ? How much

Biang toii p6h-cia°; he is a great liar. i kai
chiii hau° ta° iie cSi ; she is very loquacious. did you pay for this lot of miscellaneous
i cek ki chui k articles? cham-chiii ci" khieh ka-n r/ ; all
ku-anftng; he can out argue
half a dozen people. ta° lio chiii siig; talked the odds and ends of money collected to-
till his tongue ached. 6h cSk chiii hd kna" gether, chiii-kiiu ;
a trinket. phiia chiii ;
ue speak a little in a foreign tongue.

; cek break in pieces. chiii-kia"; dribblets. ieh
chui thvvn cek cih ; every one says the same chili ; remnants of medicines. chiii-chiii kki ;
chili khah khio ; his lips are curved what is is very small fragments. coih chiii-
thing.
outward too much. chiii-tun kluth tio ; clmi ;
slice it up fine. thi kku chui-chiii ;
li
his upper lip is too short. chiii so"-irii khah kau chili-chili; tear it in tAtters. chiii thiah ;
khuah ; has too large a mouth. chau chili parceled out. bvvii to chui kuah ; cut in ten
lu kni chiii 6i hue-nio a thousand tiiu-kho chiii; broken bean-

pin boastful.
; pieces.
boi ? Do you tell the exact truth, or not ? cake, bf chui ;
broken
rice. bi chiii kueh ;
i kai chili ta" iie bo kii sit; he does not

cracked rice. cieh chiii ; chips of stone, sa"-
speak
one word of truth. mai" theng chap chiii kho ch6ng kau chap-chap-chiii ; has worn her
;
do not rashly interrupt. chie chiii smiling, clothes into tatters.

;
ki" tieh nang phi" chie, cliiii chie he laughs

all over his face as soon as he sees any one.
; — chun —
i kai chili ce ta" olu ta" iTi hiiu" hiah when he ; chun 75 A long-lived tree, hence a
once begins to talk he talks as if he were 104 9 symbol of a father,
never going to stop. i sd ta" kai iie
cng kai chun suang peog mong; both parents are in
m SI chili cih; there is no truth in anything he good health. hiang chun ; the Ge.lrela
says. lu si ai" khu nio°-h6" chiii teng kliut odorata. chan-u phue; the bark of the AUantus
nek; you are going to a tiger's mouth to beg for glandiclosa.
meat. phah chui poi"; to beat on the mouth,
a mode of punishment lu cia ue a si ki" kua" ^^ chun 130 Imperfectly developed eggn.
hu-chun lish roe. hu ce
ta" chili poi" ciu tieh phah kau ceng you ;
if 1^1 105 11 ;
should say this to a magistrate, your mouth svvii chun au cu sang; fish are thin after
would be beaten till it was swollen. si i khu depositing the roe.
kap p6-to-chiii it is he who is to close the
;
mouth of the bag; he is to iinish the business, chun 72 The spring of the year.
chui-khau mueh-ciah; victuals. chiii-khau 104 5 sin chun the new year, ;
lie common speech.

; hang chiii-khau ; the ngeng chun welcome the spring.
;
chun hun ;
end of a lane. sang khoi chiii the place ;

the vernal equinox. lip chun jip chun the ; ;
where two rivers deboucii. cek chiii ciu thuu beginning of spring. chun thi°-si in the ;
oh khu; swallowed it all at one mouthful. spring. che" chun sio ni in the spring time ;
DTCTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 115
of life. chun gu ; a clay ox borne out by saved nothing from his earnings. p(5-chiia
i kai chun
officials inthe ceremony of meeting the spring, mueh-ngiap; saved his property.
chun chiu jieh coi ? How many years old are sim ho his feelings are correct, m cai i chun
;
? pell jit mok 6i" kiie, die" chun put cai buang ; do not know whether they are alive or
?roa
ai waste not the daylight, for youth does not
;
dead. chun kai lien-ioin khut i ; preserved
return, chan sira ; lewd thoughts. his reputation for him. chun ke chun kfam
in sie-taiig; the amount left varies. chun kA,i
9 To stretch forth; to straight- mia" to si-(ie°; preserved a name in the world,
#chun736
chun chut
5 en ;
to dilate,
stretch forth your arm.
chun (io se" mla"; preserved his life. chun
chi'a lai ;
lu
cheng khut i ; continued the kindness shown
Ts.ki cih chun chut lai ua thoi"; put out your to him.
tongue and let me look at it. chun kaa <ng-
— chut —
tng chut lai; stretched out at full length.
hu koi" chii no poi° chun-chiu; that house has 114 chut To go forth to issue.
17 ;
two wings. kha chun tit; straighten your I-Ll 98 chut chut jip jip; keeps run-
3
legs. am chun in^-in^ to thoi''; gazing with ning out and in. cek hue chut, cek hue jip a ;
neck outstretched. chun ie straighten the chut ning;
;
going out involves a coming in.
back. 6i chun oi kin is elastic will stretch
; ; to go out of doors. chut kliau go outside, ;
and shrink. chun-lun huah-hi stretch and ; chut khu tl-ko ? Where has he gone ? chut
yawn. bo hie" 6i chun it does not stretch ; boi for sale. chut siio to let. ; chut t<5i"; to
;
much, chun khi lai stretch up. ;
mortgage, poih chut lai; pulled it out. p6ih
raang m chut;
H
boi chiin-cho
chiia
120
;
136 Incompatible.
chuii-cho; erroneous,
there is no error in it.
chwn
rh chut; cannot pull it out.
cannot pull it up with both hands, pho i chut
lai ; brought her out in his arms. thiu chut
thiu jip; pull out and thrust in, as a damper,
chut sin ; become possessed by a god or demon,
chiin 61 To surmise.
It
khu
1021 3 su-chuti to ponder, ;
lu ho
lau-ia chut sin
mortal.
the god takes possession of a
i chut
;
rang a biie ? Is she married

su-chun; you go and cogitate upon it.
yet? chut sek become conspicuous.
;
si i
chun 142
Stupid, siang chut sek he is most prominent.
; chut
105 15 chun ceng; go out against insurgents. chut ceng
ngo ;
blundering ;
;
doltish. to surpass others. pun-nia chut ceng; more

able than others. bo lu chut khu ; you will
The Chinese inch.
41 not be allowed to go out. ta" m chut chili un-
-^ -4
chiin
1021
cap chian ui cek chieh ten ;
able to speak it plainly, chut thau thi"; got out
;
inches make a foot. chiin chieh dimensions. ;

of difficulty. chut sin chut png to provide ;
Ba° chun khuah cek chieh both service and capital. cek nang chut png,
ihg; three inches
wide and ten long. tng ke u no chiiii keng cek nang chut kang one supplies the capital
;
ho it would be better if it were two inches

;
and the other the labor. chut kha chut chi'u ;
longer. chng no sa" chiin chim jip khu furnish the labor, chut si; born; enter on life,
^ ;
punched it in two or three inches deep, chua- lu chut si to ti-kp ? Where were you born ?
tu a small folded paper slate.
;
chut kia°; to travel. chut gua; go abroad,
chut kie, chut cun go out in a sedan chair
;
chiin-lQn Chilled ; tremors. or in a boat. chut ke married off. ;

chut
i>^ ^^^^ 163 kua° kaa phah-chun- ke ; away from home. si i chut thau ; he
luu ;
so cold that she shivered. takes the lead in it. liah i lai chut kin ;
take him to vent spite upon. chut jit; cause
"3^ chun 39 To retain; to preserve; the sun to rise, jit chut ; the sun rises, chut
"TJr 1020 3 remaining, kheng cau.se a rainbow.
; chut tho min the
chun u jieh coi? How much is there left? dry land appeared, chut ke a bue ? Is she yet
;
ciah chun kai what is left after married ? si f-keng ke chut kai cau-kia"; it is
;
eating. eng
chun kai what remains. chun kai
;
lau-pang a daughter who is
already married. sie" m
miia-khi; keep what is left until to-morrow, chut; cannot think what it was. sie kang
chun lang-su ; have a little left. bo chun chut ci"; unite in
there is no residue, chun
;
furnishing the requisite
bo; there is nothing amount of money. cp chut kai mueh-kia";
left.
eng bo chun ; it is all used up. chun the things made. ko-ca tng-si chut u cek
^
b6 ci"; has no money lef(i,
tliang m chAn ;
kS,i
n^ng
—
in ancient times there was a man
;
116 DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALBCT.
who — ch6 chut 14i; searched it out. ra cai i

. khla chu-ph6' khu ko chu lai chl kira-lf take ;
kS-i chut rnut do not know its origin nor end.

;
the clotli strainer and dip up some mosquito
chut sia°; speak loud. chut. I'o toa sia"; speak larvae to feed the gold-fish. ciii
khng ku se*
louder, m ka" chut sia"; dare not speak chu; if water is kept long
produces mosquito it
aloud. chut khang la si sf, jlp khang la si sf ; larvae. kha cira kaa se" chu; his feet have
whether he goes into or coraes out of the hole been in the water so long that they have
he will be killed, chut lak ; put forth strength, festered. cih se" chu ; has festers on his
lak chut toa toa; exert yourself vigorously. tengue. buah chu to anoint festers with ;
t6a chut mia"; far famed. kia° chut; carry sal ve .
into practice. si i chut cii-i ; it is for liira to
decide. co il-tiang chut cia°? Who will take chd 208 A

mouse, or squirrel.
rat,
np the case as plaintiff? chut ko-sl; issue a 776 nfo-chu cSka rat. ciah ;
chut che, chut sai send mes- cieli-chti field-mice,

proclamation. ;
chang-chu moles, tio-
; ;
sengers. nSu chut su; create a disturbance, chii sables.

;
pue-chu flying squirrels. nfo- ;
chut sfl ; enter public life. 16 chut ue kha; chii kfa"; a young rat. cip-chu; a mouse,
let the cat out of the bag. chut kui brings ;
ng^n-chu; the ermine, hui-chia phAe be'-kiia;
honor to his family. ai° chut jieh hfij^ ? How a riding coat of squirrel skin. nfo-chu heng ;
far do wish to extend it ? chut cu ; chut tftu ; rat like; skulking. chu chiap, kau thau ;
have small-poz. chut kh! surpasses belief. ;
sly thieving. ni'o-chti hue cin ceng m kia" sf
da. cm chut khi lio; it is incredible. chnn a mouse's tail, even when swelled to
nftng;
th&u chut lai fam stretched out his head and
; the utmost, is nothing to be much fright-
looked. ened at.
yCt chut 211 A classifier of verses and

MJ 459 6 |IL
chu 77 The thing in hand.
plays.
cek chut khek a ballad. c@k chut hi a play.
; ;
MXd 1034 2
chu nang. chu jit, chu sfl}
c§k jit CO cek chut tia"; they act only one play the person, time, or matter under consideration,
a day. hi chut plays. ci chut s! i kai sia
;
pf ch^ that and this.
; chu tcng n&ng; this
hi; this is their chief play. cle° chut c6 tieh
class of persons. m hd kka ci chu do not let ;
itcome to this. chu-c&i at present. chti

serig-toa", e chut co tieh Ifiu seng the first ;
;
acts are performed by inexperienced performers, khek; at this moment. i" chu iii ho; take
the later ones by their best actors. this as a label.
— chu — "Â* chu 76 Next; secondary; a time; a

chu 135 To unroll ;
to open out ;
to "yV 1034 2 period.
774 6 di.sburden the
expand ; to chu toi"; a sequence. chu sfl ; in a regular
mind at ease
; ; easy ; comfortable
exhilarated, ; order. u chu iS sfl there is a regular series,
;
chun-chu in good spirits cheerful ; comfor-

; ;
ii
cang-chu; has gradations. thau chu the ;
table ; quite at ease, ua thoi" i kai nang to m first time. biie chu the last time. ; pang t5
chun-chu, si u pe° a m
si ? I see that he is not ti kai ui-chu ? Where did
you place it ? kla"
in good spirits, it is because he is not well is kku ci kai ui-chu kha sng having walked thua ;
it not ? i a-hia" kai ke hQa" khu fo chun- far my feet began to ache. cek chu tia°-tia';
chu, i a-ti kai ke hua° khu io kek-chok; only once. ke cek chu once more. ti cek ;
the elder brother's family is kept comfortably, chu ? Which time was it ? jieh coi chu ?
the younger brother's family is pinched and How many times ? coi-coi chu a great many ;
straightened. ci'a thi°-si cie" chin, i ISu times. lu c6i° chu cp-ni ta° ? What did yon
nang
hwn-lio chun-chun chu-chu, boi iii chin; though say the first time ? bo cek chu m-hd it was ;
the weather is so severe, the old man is not at right every time. i io ke chu, i io kiam chi ;
all discomforted by it, and does not dread the he has been more times, and she less, chu-chu
cold. p6 chu-khui lAi thoi"; open out the cloth lau-jiet cfti ; there was much going on every
that it may be seen. ji-ue chu-khui khut i
time, ci cgk chu cia" khwn lu, e chu ciu co m
phak ; open out the scrolls and let them snn. tit; this time you may be allowed to do so,
but another time it will not be permitted, tang
m chu
1010
142
5
Larvee; very small mag-
gets festers which are
supposed to be caused by maggots.
cui
;
e chu wait till next time.
time.
; cle° chii the other
mki° cSu-chu do not be flurried.
cek kia° lo chu; this sort is inferior,
; ci
chuci',
;
chu; the larvro of mosauitoes iu water. chu ngun ^ not first rate money.
DICTIONARY OF TUE SWATOW DIALECT. X17
^f> cliu 61 Mercy; oompassionafe; loving. ill chwn 47 A rivulet.
illi> 103i3 10 cliub(5 a loving mother,

;
J*\ 119 lo sua" chwn; mountain streams,
cliu bp to pai ji ; indulgent mothers spoil their chwn liu put sek ;
an uninterrupted flow.
childien. ehu sira ;
a compassionate heart,
cliu loving kindness,
iii ; chu-pui; pity, jin-
nUl chwn 80 To pant.
cliu compassion. un-chu mercy. pe chu, ;
HjflJ hm-hiTi-chwn; asthmatic
120 9
;
cu hau a gentle father has filial sons. breathing, kaa cf-ko lai tp chwn; coming
kia"
;
here has put me out of breath, chvvn cck kua
;^LJL
chu 104 A defect a blemish. ;
boi hiah panted a half day without stopping.
;
yi'-U 1033 ~6~ 610 chu; a petty defect,

chiie mo" khia chu seek for defects under the
; pF| chwn 169 A cross-pin ;
to join by a
fur; petty caviling at men's faults, cia sng-si I J 786 T" cross- pin.
sio chu; I reckon this a small defect. ai" am ciiwn joined by a hidden pin.
;
chwn t6
chue kau cng kui bo chu ka,i si cie there are ;
hu pue-Su joined by a cross-pin on the back,
;
few to be found that are wholly without defect, pue-au CO sa" ki chwn; make three cross bar-*
on the back. ai° eng kiii kp lai chwn a si ai"
chu 172 Weak ;
inferior. eng kau kp kai ? Do you wish to make it by
1033 5 chuhiong; the weaker and joining several pieces with a bar mortised in, or
the stronger. chu hiong kiam a pair of ;
to make it of a single piece? kang-hu h(5 kai,
swords. lu lia lai kl" kai chu hiong let us ;
chwn kliu cia" nai make it with joints well ;
see which of us kai ue ta"

is the stronger. i fitted, and mortise in a bar through the pieces,
kau u chu u hiong his language varies much;
then it will last.
in force, bo chu bo hiong does not modulate ;
the force. t-M chwn 2 To lace together; to joia

nP 121 6 by stringing on; to league,
chu 112 Crockery. chwn phau a string of fire-cracker.s.
;
chwn
!K 1033 lo chu khi; crockery w'are. bueh-tdi ; up the sole of a stocking,
to lace
chu cieh ;
a natural magnet. chwn khi lai, chwn loh khu; pass the string
upward and downward through eyelet holes,
— chuli — as in lacing a boot. chwn thong; to pass
chuli 9 To stoop; to bend. through an eyelet hole. chvVn kiie hie" p61°;
passit through to the other side. cie" e m
chuh loh khu iam she bent
146 8 i ;
chwn the foregoing and the following are not
down and peeped thau chuh-chuh h'-kwn
in.
;
chwn hali ; banded

intimately connected.
kia"; walked right on with head bent down, i
chut jip to si thau chuh-chuh, bo thoi" nang ;

together. i no
nang chwn-tang kui the two ;
are leagued together. ara-ce" chwn-tang ;

he goes out and in with his head hung down,
secretly leagued, chwn mong a concerted
;
and looks at nobody.
sim kue phah-chwn kai far surpassing
— chwn — plan,
what could have been done by agreement.
;
-r^^ chwn 64 To
tickle ; to titillate. 118 To seize upon,
chwn
4^^ 527 12 i to ut, i soil tio cua-ang-
"^C^ To chwn ui seize the throne.
120 ;
teng khu chwn i kî phi"-khang, ua° ce, lu chvVii chi murder the ruler,
;
chwn i kai kok ;
khieh koi-mq" khu chwn i kai lii"-khang when seized his kingdom. i si khut i chwn
;
khu;
ehe is sleeping, he rolls up a lamp-lighter and it was seized and taken away by him.
goes and tickles her nostril, and a little later
he gets a feather and goes and tickles her ear. ch« n 86 A mess of food ;
to mess
chwn i che° khi lai woke him up by tickling ; 1027 25 separately. i°-keng kak
him lightly. kak hun chvVn li'o ;
each of them has his own
separate table, leng ku, leng chwn ; they are
chwn
116 To pervert ; to turn aside.
separately domiciled.
,^^ 119 4 khah chwn-ch&k; too much
perverted from the original truth. si id chwn Convalescent. 104
chwn-chak kai ; it is being perverted. chwn- 1012 chwn-jii; recovered from 6
8ua°-kah the ant-eater.
;
peh po chwn iang ; illness, ui kkn chvvn-ju entirely cured. i ;
a hundred paces off. nang kai pang ISi m pe° chwn-ju a bue ? Has he recovered yet ? i"-
hd theng chwn jip khu ; do not without evident keng chwn-jii lio he is already convalescent, ;
reason go into people's private rooms. bue chwn-jii not yet well. ;
chwn 167 To select to blind. &a si tieh e ; you will be dumb in the
according
1012 merit and capacity
6 to next world, (said in scolding a great talker).
;
value aright. cliwn-swn ; to estimate the i ^ sin e kui

;
he is a dumb fellovr.
quality, and select accordingly ; to choose

properly. kui p6 chwn-swn; returned to the
S 85 To wade.
Board for re-appointment, as certain officers are
__ 750 7 kiie khoi ; wade across a
e
at the close of a term of office.
stream, tin-tang k6 chira, khfong-iii e i7i kuo;
it is deep in the middle, and I fear we cannot
Z^
db.
chwn
1013
11
4
Completely
entire.
; altogether ;
wade ftcro.ss. e pin 8im-kua"-th&u wade in ;
Wn-chwn
^ ^
chwn up to the chest. kha raai" e ciii ; do not step
; complete. chwn t^, Ifing ;
in that puddle. put-phii klio-kha cia° lip e ;
almighty and omnipotent. chwn ke hok 16k;
lift the bottoms of
the whole family prospered. your trowsera, then you
pu kui sang can wade.
chvvn both rich and noble.
; chwn hii ceng
sin undivided energies.
; lu co-ni chwn-chwn
m thia" ua ? Why do you wholly disregard my
wishes ? i5a lai k«-a hiie chwn m
ki" id I came many times and never saw yon
;
pat th6i°- Te 183 2
coming year.
1 The next below under.
§ chu; the next time,
;
e ni ; the
e jit ; some other day soon,
;
at all. câ si chwn boi ciah I cannot eat at ; tang kau (^ k&i gueh ; wait until next month.
all at this time. i chi^n ai"; he
altogether e cua cla" kiiieh Ifti ; he will bring it the nexfc
desires it. wn-cliwn cf klii" sQ; finish up this time. e hftng tieh cia'-se" ( p next time you ;
business. chwn khieh khu; take it away must do thus. § chut cp-ni cp? What is to be
altogether. liok b6 sang chwn bliss is never ;
done next ? e pai i m ka'; another time he will
twice complete. bun bii chwri cai he under- ;
not do BO. e liue, iTi li<5 ; do not do .so again,
stands both military and civil affairs. clu"-si e si another time, hereafter.
; cle" e si cu. m
chwn b6 ho, juah cfti there has been no rnin ;
sie tang; they were not the same the last time
lately and it is very hot. ci png cu ua th6i" m as they were the first lime. § si tieh cai thoi";
chwn I have not yet read this book through,
;
another time you must look out. chfu e k&i
chwn hu hok-sek; a complete suit of clothes, nilng; subordinates. ti e nftng; those under
chwn sin phi kua completely accoutered. ; your control. kha chfu chek e kai nang ;
chwn thhu a complete equipment.

; chwn tu dependents, mak
keng-khuang h(5 me ?
u kai
chwn ie"; whole hogs and sheep. i chwn i7i Is the immediate prospect good? tbong thi" e
hio su; he does not understand the matter at kai n&ng; all people under heaven. 16h laa e ;
all. chwn clang lu iJlu nang ke it depends ; gone down stairs. P^ng to chng e put it ;
wholly upon your venerable self. kha chwn under the table. teh to ci cu-cheh e put it ;
theng rouse the whole school of fish by strik-

;
under this book, khng to tu e; hidden under
ing the water. ci cnang kua°-si phah chwn the cupboard. e chi'u kang the work of an ;
cie" chi'u ciap e chfu there is no

theng; this lawsuit has beaten the whole posse apprentice. ;
of them. lu chwn i7i pat hd khiap you are ;

interim between the predecessor and successor,
wholly ignorant of what is best or what is cie"chfu si i t<5 tin, e chi'u si lia t(5 tiu first ;
worst. lu kai ue ta" Ifti chwn boi cho ; what he lived there, and then I did. e po ; the
you said was faultless. pai chwn cip-su;
lower or latter portion, e-hai; the chin. Sm e;
bring out all the emblems off office. bvvn the neck, below the chin. kha e under foot, ;
chwn not the least.

;
lu chwn bo aim khu \i ;
khn-mak e ; the side of the foot below the ankle
you have no mind to do it. bone, kpli-thang-e ; the armpit. kha-thau-u
e; the kneepan. to-cai e ; the abdomen, hiap
/|i^ chwn
119
^ To order; to transmit or-
chwn lai k\°; order
e; the side, below the armpit, cie" png thak wn
1^^ 11 ders. i cia" thak e png; read the preceding volumes,
him to appear. chvvn ho lau-ciang kio bun then the succeeding. cie''-kua cp kau e-kua ;
p6i° kai ho-pang cek ie°; ushers are the same, worked from forenoon till afternoon. cie'
whether in military or in civil service. tng lau e tng ; save the preceding meal for the
succeeding one. cie ui, e ui ; higher and lower
positions. kph e Your Excellency. ; cie"
e 30 Dumb. chiu p6i°, e chin p6i°; up and down in a land-
lOfiG 8 e nang hau" tk" ue ; the dumb scape, to hu e si; down there on the lower
are loquacious. ui lang, ui e, ui che°-me°; to level. huang cie poi", huang e poi"; to wind-
so cure the patient that he is deaf, dumb, and ward and to leeward. cle° lau poi", e Iftu
the side from which the tide comes in,

p6i'';
— eh —
and the opposite side. to chia e la-liang
27 A dangerous obatraction.
;
Irj eh
under a tree, enjoying the coolness. cun lui
the hoat passed under the
/ L^ 629 2 kai eh; hazardous, thio kiie
kie e keng-kue ;
cf kai eh get over this obstruction.
; cui eh,
bridge. coi n8,ng chut i kai mhg e ; many hiie eh in jeopardy by fire and water.
;
have been under his instruction. cie° hie", e
hie"; the upper and lower villages. cle in, e

in the upper and lower tiers. e cek cang ;
eh 61 Whatever.
;
the lowest shelf. e cang cu ; the next session, /Ui\ 702 12 eh-cp-ni whatever may hap- ;
chali to i sit e ; carried under his wing. cie" pen ;

no matter what may come iu spite of ;
khu, e khu; the high and low departing tones, everything. eh-cp-ni lu tieh lai you must ;
cie phe", e phe"; the upper and lower even come without fail. eh-cp-ni to u cun ; the
boats run under all circumstances.
tones. puah to tho e ; fell down upon the eh-cp-ni,
tia to ai"; no matter what the case
ground. pak e; the belly. cun pak e; may be, I
under the boat. sua" kha e ; at the base of shall do so.
the hill.
eh"-hem To make the sound re-

A stroke
Tg 1
183 2 cek e; all together, cek e cSk e;
stroke by stroke.
;
ua thia" i phah cek e cek e

a time. 429 presented by the word,
ci gua ce eh"-hem hu iki cu chut lai as soon
as some one outside j^hems, some of those
;
hin-hin I heard the blows distinctly.

; ceng inside come out. ce eh"-heni i cu cai ;
hi'ang kiii e ? How many times did the when he hems they know
clock it to be the signal
strike ? cek e tia"; but once. u jieh coi e ? agreed on.
How many strokes were there ? bq kiii e cia
ho; done at a few strokes, lia thia" tieh coi-coi
— ek —
e; I heard it many times, lu tang lia cek e ce ;
wait for me an instant. thai co cek e wait ; \>S ^^

1139
—
"^^ bathe to wash the body.
s6i-ek to bathe,
;
for all to assemble. co cek e khieh lai bring llir 7 cang-ek; ;

;
take a shower bath. phah-ek a plunge bath,
them all at once, cu co cek e collected in one ;
;
ju-ek a sponge bath. s6i-ek koi"; a bath

mass, kap cp cek e compiled in one. cp cek
;
;
chwn bo thoi" kii i room. ek tn^ a bathing establishment.

;
sdi
e lai khu; go all together,
chin ciii ek bathe in cold water. loh khoi
c§k e ; paid no regard whatever to him. ;
khu s6i-ek ; go to the river to bathe.
e 181 Incessant ; continually ;

re-
697 7 peatedly. The juices of the body.
ek 85
i e-e lai he came again and again.
;
i c-e
pat 1095
cin-ek; saliva. 8 se"cin-§k;
khu hu-ko he has been there time and again,
; produces saliva. chiii teng bp mih cin-ek;
e-e m it-tit; am constantly forgetting it. i e-e my mouth is rather dry.
puah-16h khu ; he keeps falling down.
Y^^ ekTo overflow to run over.
85 ;
\Ti^ ek chut lai; to overflow,

1092 10
§" roof beams of a house.

75 The khah miia" cii ai" ek tio if it is too full, it
;
will run over, khieh khu p6k-p6k ek spilled

1107 T
co e" ia ho cp thio ;
ili-hp
it as he went. mai" ek cek koi" ciii do not
;
though not suitable for a main beam, it may ;
spill the water around. ek c6k sin ciii

be useful as a prop. ti-tiang-si khia e" ?
;
When are the roof beams to be put up ? seng spilled the water all over him. t§ mai" .sai
khah ti" cia" boi ek tio do not pour the tea-
e°; lay the main beam. toa e" toa sai ; heavy ;
timbers. chia" ti-tiang lai pho e"-thau ? Who cups too full, then they will not run over.
is to lay the main beam, (the corner stone) ?
pai e" teng kak lio ; the wood work of the roof ek 124 Flanks or wings; assistants.
is completed, tin-tang e°; the main beam, ji 1093 11
adherents, supporter.s,
li-ek;
e"; the beam next the ridgepole. e° cai ; a helps, accomplices, aids. si i kai li-ek; is his
girder. i si ke iSi kai

tang e"; he is the main adherent. hun cp cp iu ek set apart as right ;
dependence of tlie family. ci kai nang si kok and left hand supporters. cp ek tie"; chief of
ke kai tang e"; this man is the chief pillar of the stalf. cp-ek-c6ng-pia"; a Manchu lieuten-
the state. ant commander.
120 DICTIONARY OF THB SWA TOW DIALKCT.
^ BH gk To
interpret ; to translate.
149
— eng —
P^ 1094 18 ek ue to interpret Rpecch.
6k (U;
; eng
1106 13
61
Right and proper; should be.
ek ji to translate written passnges.
;
[li> eng-kai ; tng-eng-kai ; ought;
translate books. hwn ek kua"; official inter- should. Iiii
eng-kai hai" i ; you ought to repay
preters, cang sai-kok u« ek c6 tong-kok ue ; him. kham eng-kai cie''-se"; it ought to be so.
translate European languages into Chinese. png eng-kai kai; that which it is one's duty
ci kai ti-hng bo niing 5i ek iie there is no one ;
to do. 8l ua eng hun cO kai it is what it is ;
here who can act as interpreter. ci kii Qe 6k my duty to do. i

eiig-tit kai ci"; the money
chut Ifii si cie°-8e" ta°; this Bentence is thus that he ought properly to get. i7i
eng-kai
translated. cie'-se"; ought not to l)e thus. elm si liiaug
eng; is eminently suitable.
ek 130 The arm-pits ; the fur under 196 The parrot kind.
1095 the fore legs of animals,
eng
8 Il05 17 eng-bii; a parrot, eng-kp;
hu-ek khiu a robe made from the fur under the macaw. p6h eng-bii ; the cockatoo,
;
eng-
the legs of foxes, dp ek seng khiu; ho collects bu ia 61 til" Qe, nang ft si thu-thu 6i la" ue, m
bits of fur from under the legs of foxes to n«iko
pat loi-ngl, kha in si kio eng-bii cek ie° ?
his robe; he asks aid from everybody. ci Ie°
Parrots can talk, and if a person can merely
leh oi ti ek-li\u"; this medicine will cure fetor
talk, without any understanding of propriety
of the arm-pits. in talking, is he not like a parrot?
_ to M.
6k 72 To change ;
to exchange. eng 104 A carbuncle, or abscess.
281 4 koi-ek ; pien-ek ;
to change, 1108 17 se" eng; have an abscess.
kau-ck to barter. boi i-ek ; unchangeable. c{ kai eng chut l&ng &a u kiii kai chng-khau ;
;
i-6k modify the prevailing custom, this abscess, after breaking, had several open*
hong-sok ;
seng-li mong-ek trade ;

is mutable. keng.6k ings.
ui-chu ; exchange locations.
eng 120 A certain sort of fringe.
1106&ng eng bo; a hat with red
17
6k 108 To swash about.
ti cam-eng bo; wear a conical
fringes, fringed
869 12 eui 6k lai ek khu the water
eng bo chiu the fringe worn on liats.
;
hat. ;
swashes to and fro. ta" hd-ho, i cu boi hie"
Ill to cam-eng; hat fringe that has served
6k carry it gently and then it will not swash
;
seveml generations. tiie cek phau
ang eng ;
over. pdk-pok ek to swash up ;
and down, had a tuft of red fringe attached to it.
as water in a pail that is shaken.
eng 88 An infant.
180 The heart or the 1105 14 a young child.
eek
ek-k\en
1093 thoughts, the feelings.
13'
prejudices; notions; opinions biased

;
breast,
eng tag; a foundling
eng ji ;
hospital.
idle
by feelings. i si
peng i ka,i ek-kien cu td -r ro eng 75 The cherry.
koi-sueh he explains it in accordance with his
; t"^^ 1105 17 kim-eng ; cherries, eng-thft ;
preconceived notions, cia si kie-cp ek sueh, i7i the red peach. eng-tho chili ; cherry lips,
si tia"-tieh cie^-se" sueh ; this may be called a kim-eng ko; cherry paste.
whimsical exposition, it is not necessarily
thus explained, cek nang kai ek-twn bue cok eng 140 Brave and eminent.
î^^
ui Clin the judgment of one person is not
;
l/sC 1104 5 eng-meng; clear-headed,
sufficient to form a criterion. eng khi pwt-pwt; of fine presence, eng-hiong;
heroes ; manly. eng cieh ;
blue limestone.
ek 9
c!ah-ek ; a disease, in which 109 To into the eyes.
ttJ^ eng fly
1093
there is a voracious appetite,
6 590
fr|V 6 eng tieh mak; got some dusi
while the patient grows thin it is
probably :
in his eyes. M kai mak mi''-mi° m ka° tie"
caused by tape-worm. khui khut sim-mih kai eng tieh a m si ? You
si
shut your eyes and dare not open them because
6k 9^
A hundred thousands. you have got something in them, is not that
lHi£\ 1092 13 cap bvvn ui 6k; ten ten- it ? ci khi miieh m-ho eng tieh, eng tieh cQ
thousands are a hundred thousands. 6k tio ; che°-me"; do not get this in your eyes, if you
myriads. do it will blind you.
W^ eng 196 A term for all accipi trine pit eng ;

if there be prayer, there will certainly
be response, khiu khu Q ^ng; there is response
/^ 1103
kite and falcon,
19 birds, as the eagle, hawk,
to the appeal.
eng do an eagle, eng mak eagle-eyed, eng

; ;
6ng 85 To pour on in small quantities.
i k6
'%J^^
phi"; a hooked beak an aquiline nose. ;
lyiu 368 12 khieh chph ciii khu hng hue ;
ciah eng khu pang he made a kite in the form
;
get some water and water the shrubs. hng
of an eagle, and flew it. lio-eng-po ; a hawk, ke°-chai ; water the vegetables.
eng ngun ; dollars having an eagle on them,
ciah eng sut loh lai tio koi-kia"; an eagle 140 The Convolvulus
eng reptans,
swooped down and carried off a chicken, eng- 1145 13 whose stem and leaves are
iang ; soaring falcons ;
warriors who at first
mucilaginous, and are eaten as a vegetable.
were private soldiers. cp-pu. khu ciah eng- boi pe eng-chai IM ciah liang buy a bunch of ;
iang ang ; go together to the soldiers' banquet. this vegetable and eat it for its cooling effect.
cui eng, hng eng ; the water-grown, and the
Dust; motes in the air.
eng-teng land grown varieties.
1082
pua° tio eng-teng;
brush off the dust. pua° lio eng-teng pue eng 39 Pregnant.
c§k koi"; after the dusting, the dust flies all 1104 2 u eng t6 teng ;
ii
eng ; hAai
through the room. hie" kii b6 sau i cii chie eng ;
with child.
eng-teng it has not been swept for so long a
;
time that the dust has settled over everything. HJ eng 101 Use to use ; to employ.
;
eng-tSng choi" cheng-khih lio ce sau cu se"

/ij 1149 bo eng; bo teng eng; u-seless.
u eng useful, sai eng to make use of. hui-
eng-teng ; when you have brushed off all the ; ;
dust, as soon as you sweep again it is dusty. eng to wear out.

; jit eng; in constant use.
hua eng to use wastef ully.
;
khiam eng use ;
P_^ eng-sok The poppy. sparingly. cak-eng; frugal. tSi eng; very
'^1 a 823 eng-sok khak ;

the useful, mai" eng i do not employ him. tieh ;
capsules of the poppy plant. eng i needs employ him. ai" co mih eng ?
eng-.sok bi; poppy ;
seeds. a-ph\en-hun si eng-sok co kai opium ;

Of what use is it ? ai° eng sim mueh ? What
is made from the poppy. kim bo nang ceng use will you put it to ? eng tieh a m eng tieh ?
eng-sok ; prohibit the cultivation of the poppy. Will it do for this use or not ? lu co eng cie"-
se° ? What use is there in your doing so ? mi'ii
VHa eng 85 Waves. eng it is needless.

; eng i su use your judg- ;
•>// 1148 9 cui-e'ng ;

billows, huang eng ment, eng kha eng chi'u use hands and feet, ;
toa it is
;
very windy and the waves are high. eng hi" lai thia", eng mak lai th6i''; use your
u huang eng ; the sea is rough, bo ears and eyes. eng pit si co-ni eng cia" tit
huang 6ng]
smooth waters. u si sui-si u huang to bo mih huap ? In using the pen how is it to be used so
6ng sometimes although there is wind the
;
as to be in accordance with the rules ? chwn
waves are not high. mai" khut eng-chiu pun eng; wholly available. chwn-chwn bo eng ;
cek sin do not let the spray dash over completely useless for the purpose ? bo thang
;
yon.
eng kau ; the trough of the wave. eng peh- eng have nothing to use for the purpose,
;
peh eng cu si toa; if the waves are white they cok ciah cok eng enough to live upon. eng;
are high. cun-thau chie° eng-kak head the ;

wn all used up.
; eng rli vvn more than can ;
boat to the crest of the wave. be used, cieh lu eng lend to you to use. ke ;
eng kai mueh a thing of many uses, ; eng ci°

Ijg eng_
61 To fulfill; to meet expecta- eng ngun lay out money. ; eng sim cp do it ;
/>U^> 1106 13
a response, tion ;
faithfully, eng lak; expend force, kong eng ;
kau Su-lai cin eng-ngiam i kai ue afterward for public use.
;
ceng nang kong eng used by ;
his^ prophecy
was really fulfilled. cek eng ku all in common, sai-khia eng; for private use.
chwn completely furnished.
; all i btie
ceng Ill chi
eng thoi" ce you give it a trial. raai";
he has not yet answered the request, theng eng do not use it in all sorts of ways,
^ng sgng ;
;
eng-ngiam kai Jiang hng a verified prescrip- ; ho eng lu may avail myself of your services,
;
tion, khu ciap-eng i go and reinforce him. ; na" eng cie"-se° ? Why make such use of it?
keng-eng kau kau to entertain very hospi- ; khua" si mueh, kin si eng what is made in ;
tit sim
tably, eng chiu meets my expecta- ; leisure hours, comes into use in
emergencies,
tions, kam ^ng; to reverberate, sua" meng i kai
eng-to khiam his outlays are very care- ;
kok eng the hills and ii khiu
valleys echo.
;
fully made.
gC to teeth.
; chit c8, poih pg, kau hwt g^ ;
sitalone at seven months, creep at eight, and

gai 112 To impede; to stop progress.
teeth at nine. tu-kp ge a wild boar's tusk,
620 14
c(5-gai; impedes, huang-gai;
;
ba ge tushes, si-kue iii ba ge watermelons

;
to hinder. bo huang b6 gai ; without im- ;
si phi" b6 huang-gjli;
fear prominent teeth. ge kun kS kin ; the
pediment of any sort. teeth set.
no hindrances from any quarter. 6i gai tieh a g6-kwn kin-pi ; lockjaw.
bSi ? Will that interfere in any way ? ua b6i
ge-lang Striped, variegated ia
gai ileh lu; I shall not interfere with you. gai SOI color,
kha, gai chiu, gai mak, gai tieh chiii ; to im-
ge-laiig sph ; colored cotton cord, sold in many
pede the u.se of the feet, hands, eyes or mouth, colors, ge-laug pi°; colored braids.
gai tieh lo ; impede progress.
— — A
Buy gû 164
gfiu
Wise learned
; ; sage.
M^m gfi-kang
centipede.
che" kha gfi-kang, &ng
1063
kha gO-kang ; green foot«d and red footed cen-
J^\ 197 8 gftu nftng ; sage people. tipedes, gd-kang-kia"; a young centipede.
g&u cS,i ; very wise. toa giiu nftng a very ; g6-kang ki a long narrow flag.
;
ge-kang la ;
learned person. ci k&i gnu kue hu kai this ;
oil in which centipedes have been soaked,
is superior to that in moral excellence. hd used as medicine. gd-kang k& koi-b(5 u, cl"-
kio gan nung tang si, mai" kio ngb iiflng t&ng 16ng ka khi toa chu ; if a centipede bites you
se"; it is better die with the wise than to live poultice it with a chicken, but if a lizard
with the foolish. mua"-ti-ko khu chini-chue bites you have your coffin made.
gftu-nang; went everywhere seeking the wise.
g&uh 75
— gauh —
Music, one of the six
m
khak cocoa-nut
of a cocoa-nut.
;
g6 75
1079 9
The cocoa
ge-ci gQ-cf
;
ge-ci nfik ; the meat

shells.
a cocoa-nut.
tree.
654 11 liberal arts. ge-ci-sui ; cocoa-nut husk,

chu gS,uh to make music. ge-ci ra6h'; the brown film on the surface of
;
gftuh khi ; gauh the meat of a cocoa-nut.
ku musical instruments.
; loi gfiuh the g6-ci cUi ; g@-ci cû ;
;
the milk of a cocoa-nut.
refinements and elegancies of life.
g6 140 A germ a sprout.

;
1067 4 hwt ge; pauh g6; piuh gg; to

M^ ge 92 A prong tines. ; sprout, tau ge, beh gS, kok g6 bean, wheat, ;
,^\ 1066 ci ki che kiii ge ? How and paddy sprouts.

many
prongs has this fork ? ki° sa° ge a ai° si ge ?
Do you want three tines or four ? co cek ge
cek ge ;
make it pronged. m ge 142 To polish as by a calendering
1067 4
i kai kim ge hli
stone.
ngia cai ; his gold is very
y^^ ge 144 The house or oflBce of a ruler; finely burnished, cang hue-si ge kku kng-kng;
jrtl 1007 7 a court; a tribunal, smooth it with the trowel till it shines. chie"
ge-miig; a Chinese oflBcial establishment; a ge lai pe"; the wall is made very smooth,
yamun a public court.
;
gg hiah ; oflficial ma-lau ge a quartz stone used in smoothing
;
messengers. pai gg open the court, bun bu

;
plastered walls.
ge-miig ; civil and military tribunals. ge lai ; — gek —
belonging to the official staff. kua° ge ; official
ehwn ge ; an employe at the yamun. gek 96 A stone fit for a lapidary ;
bureau.
li
ge-mng su exercise the functions of an
; 3A 1138 1) jade and fine quartz,
ik
official. iSu ge-mng an old habitue' of the ; peh gek; white jade. hui-chiii gek; mottled
court. g§ cu an official weevil, a mercenary
; jade. ggk khi articles of jade or quartz,
;
officer. gek pne, gek chiu-hwn, gek pang-ci, gek chiu-

cak jade cups, bracelets, thumb-rings, and
;
JEQ gg 92 Tusks; large teeth; molars. finger-rings. gek phiie-thau jade ornamen- ;
^^4 1066 chie" ge; elephants' tusks,

ge tation, ggk hi" kau-tlmi jade ear drops, ;
tu ivory chop-sticks. gg jio ; teeth and

;
gek nng your daughter.
; gek jin a lovely ;
claws. eng i cp ge jio ; use him as a cat's girl, kim gek very lovely. gek cieh ku un;
;
paw. gd-chiam khi-thak a bunch of toilet ; indiscriminate destruction. kim gek cSi ;
picks, ka gg chiet chf ; gnash the teeth, hwt precious, admii-able.

A go delay at the critical moment. g5 Sng

prison ; a dungeon.
;
ggk 94
the dam- chong-m6ng; misused his knowledge. ku-i
IR/V 1139 tl-gek; the abode of
10
loh ti-gek go to tam-go purposely thwart by delay.
; g5 koi ;
ned. 16-gek purgatory.;
;
to hell, wrongly explain, go thwn; report erroneously.

phah loh ti-gek; sent gek-cut;
hell,
a jailor.
khui ti-ggk rang ;
release from — goi —
purgatory. goi 140 A craft a calling an
_gi_ 283 15 accomplishment,
; ;
103 Doubt suspect. chiu-goi handicraft, kang-hu chiu goi; good

;
V^^ gi
cla mai"
;
workmanship, ki goi; skilled work, oh sim-

>v4lr 275 "9" eng cia mai" gi, gi
whom you employ^ mih goi? What trade is he learning? ho bu-
6ng; do not suspect those
nor employ those whom you suspect. ci kia goi a good trade.
; hak-sip bu-goi learn a ;
consider this sus- trade. oh u cek kia" goi to sin-teng cQ m-ui

RU ua thoi" tieh gi-su I very ;
;
i sim lai hu-gi he is doubtful in his one who knows a trade need not fear. lii
;
picious,
i thoi" tieh hu-liu gi-gi, m cek
sim-mih chiu goi ? What craft do you follow ?
own mind.
choi° chfing b\vn
very doubtful, and put ju poh goi sui sin ;
vvas ti
kwt; he considered it
much land not so good as a trade even half
gi se" am
unable to decide, sim kiii the ima- ;
is
sim ISi learned.

gination produces ghosts,
hok in great doubt.
;
gi-hok
pi hiam-gi avoid
gi-
vvhat
;
;
— go-
is suspicious, bo g£; without doubt, chai-gi ;
go 75 Fetters or gyves.
to doubt. ci kiii pe" si gi pe"; this ailment is *|ll 454 7 i kliut i liah khu g6 ; he was
hypochondriacal. in-ui cie"-se" ti-kau i gi ; seized and fettered by them. kua cha go ;
in this way he was lead to doubt, pi nang gi ; wear wooden gyves. ci sang 6i hie" tSng
suspected. ci kai nang si ho gi this person ;

cheng lio chin-chie" kua cha-go hie°-se''; these
may well be suspected. i to gi sin gi kiii he ; shoes are so heavy that wearing them is like
Buspects everybody and everything. chi-gi being fettered with wooden gyves. khut i gd
to ko ku-ii kai gueh
put kwt; irresolute and uncertain.
chi-chi was fettered for several ;
gi-gi apprehensive,
;
i kai nang to gi he is a ; months.
doubter,
— gia — go 142 Nocturnal moths a disease ;
627 7 of the throat,

149 To wonder; to express choi" go; the silk-worm moth,
gia teng go; moths
1067 4. surprise, that flutter around a light. go bai delicate ;
thoi" tieh kia"-gia beheld it with amazement,;
eyebrows. go bai gueh ;
the thin crescent
ceng nang thia" tieh kai-kai kia''-gia hai-i ;
moon. toa" go ; a swollen tonsil. sang go ;
when they heard it they were every one of swollen tonsils.
them filled with wonder and surprise.
— go — ^B The domestic goose.
go 196
^»^ 627 7
cSk ciah go ; a goose. go-
VC goThe porpoise or river pig.
195 b<5, g6-heng, go-kia"; goose, gander, and gos-
pu 6 276peh-go peh-go hu por- ; ; lings, chau-go ; the common goo.se. thien-go;

poises. th6i°-ki" biie peh-go to pha-lin-tau ; a crane, hai-go; a pelican, te" si pho hai-go;
saw a porpoise frisking about. feign death in order to catch pelicans. go
mo" si°; goose feather fans. go mo" kiig a ;
§|y E^ ?^ To thwart ; to hinder by

goose-quill. go cie"; a goose's foot. go kia"
|4yV 1063 7 carelessness or by mistake, ah po an humble bearing.
; liah go-kia" pien
go tieh su to cause a thing to miscarry. go
;
nang co ah-kia"; depreciate for the sake of
hai ho nang unwittingly injure the good,
;
selling at any price.
cek go kha-iong cai go ; one false step leads to
others. tam-go to dawdle, and thus cause ; go 184 To
starve ; to go without
an enterprise to fail. sit go ; to fail in doing, 627 food, 7
go lio si-kheh to miss the time set.
; go tai go si ;
starve to death. go kiii ; io go kiii ;
su; cause important business to fall through, starving ghosts, the manes of those who have
go sie"; mistake in reasoning, go jin ; confess no descendants to offer them food. to sihue
the wrong thing. cho go err by mistake, ; ceng go tieh 1 am not yet hungry. ; cek jit
lim-si twn-twn boi go shall certainly not fail go ate nothing all day.
; t<? ; tang mng-khi go
of being there at the exact time. lim-si tam- kau me"-hng cia" ciah ate nothing from morn- ;
124 DICTIONARY OF THE 8WAT0W DlALKCT.
ing till nigtt. go khah kiie <ng ciah Ho hi' is demanded, k^k gua ; neutrals. cfa sng-sl
sie"; if you go without food too long, when you I
gtia k&i su something that was not
;
this is
eat the food will distress you. i to si m pat calculated upon. chut gfla n&ng those gone ;
go tieh he does not know what

; it is to fast, abroad. i khu chut
gua cia" t£g lai he went ;
go kau s.dng-sang ng-sng fig-sng ;

starved till abroad and returned. lu t5 hu gua lai thia"
he was thin and cadaverous. Q nftng co-ni ta" mg ? When you were
coming
— gu — A from there did you hear anything said ? khia
to ning gua standing outside the door.
; iSi
/\\ gu 03 Bovine animals; kine ;

cattle. gua u kak piet there is a distinction made
;
*~| cek ciah gu ; an ox.

G38 gu ko, between tiiose who belong to the party and
those who do not.
g^ h6, gu kia"; a bull, a cow, and a calf. ciii- ci kai
nang Q gua chfti ;
sai-gu ; a rhinoceros, this man has superabundant means.

gu the water buifalo.
; gua btt ;
iig-gu ; ma-gQ a cow. sua" gu cattle that do
; ;
outside business. bu gua; give attention to
not frequent the water. gu-nek ; beef. gu- outside matters. gua bfl ci";
perquisites,
ni railk. suet. g6-nl-pfa"; cheese, i cio"-8e" Hi se" gua su; in that way he stirs
; g{x-la ; up
cow's hump, gu- additional trouble. i cia"
chap tieh gua bu
gu-ni-iu; butter, gd-phok ;
gu-ng cow-bezoar. cu hd sim hd cia" co ; since he has entered into

phue leather, cowhide.
; ;
other occupations he has no interest in doing

gu peh-cheh ; the manyplus of an ox. liu gii-
ni ; to milk a cow. chl gu to keep cows, ;
this. chut-hu cheng-li cu gua; beyond what
khang gu ; to tend cows. gA mo° chut t6 is reasonable. gua ma; maternal grand-
g{l
sin teng ; cow-hair comes from cows you ;
mother, gua ke gua ke-thfiu the wife's
; ;
get your income from what you invest your

relations. gua sun ; the child of a daughter
g\i-kia" m or sister.
chie gu-ko a steer. raiii" 16
gua-gua ne, chin-chie" gua
money in. ;
pat h6°; a calf is ignorant about tigers, tl-gu n&ng do not act so unconcernedly, as
hie°-8e";
ua° koi"; the ox that supports the earth shifts if you were not of us. ue l&i gua i drawn ;
it on his shoulders an earthquake. gA oi

;
better than one would expect. cf k&i p5" si
bo a mill turned by cattle.
; gA-raftk-a"; gua kdm a si ISi sie" ? Does this disease arise
blinds for cattle. gA-ta"-wn ; an ox yoke, gfi
from outward or inward causes ? pang t6 gua
koi"; a cow house. cfe" gu kui a-no'-kfa"; a keh a t6 Ifti keh ? Did you put it in the outer
cow boy. gu to ; a slaughter house, gu-kun ;
or the inner compartment ? khu kau i gua
ox sinews. chng tieh gu phi"; perforate the tia"; went to the outer court. chut khu sia"
nose of an ox. nang ui ji, gii ui phi"; people gua ; went out to the suburbs, cek peh cu gua
dread written agreements as the ox dreads the hwn u jieh c5i ? How many over a hundred are
nose ring. g{i-thau thak khoi ; read the deed there ? boi chut gua ko sell for exporta- ;
of sale at the ox's head. ci ciah gu 6i hi'a" tion. tok chut gua keng banished beyond the ;
n^ng this ox is apt to hook people,

;
khut gii frontier. gua mftu"; external appearance, i
tak tieh ; gored by
an ox. nang sim-kua", t6-cau t5 gua he fled to a remote place, gua
;
gii sai-t6 ; people

have hearts, and cattle have hng; distant regions. hun gua 6i ]i su; can
paunches. gxi kai ni-p6 ; a cow's udder, g^ manage affairs that are be3'ond his domain.
kai ni-th&u ;
a cow's teats. ti-gu a tadpole. ;
— gueh —
— gUa — Moon ; month ; monthly.
74
p^ gueh
1129 gueh-nie; the moon, gtieh-
jh\y gQa 86 Outer outside external. ; ; y~J
y\ 1037 lai gua; ^
inner and outer, bai ; the crescent moon, gueh chut ; the moon
gua nang not one of our party. ; gua kok ;
rises, gêh 16h ; the moon sets, gueh khih ;
foreign countries. gua se"; another province, the moon wanes. gueh i"; the moon waxes,
lia thia°-ki" gua-thau nang cie''-se°ta°; I heard gueh sih an eclipse of the moon.
; gueh h6k
an outsider say so. gua kang nang an alien, ; i";the eclipse ceases. kiu gueh ceremonies ;
gua min the external surface.

; leng-gua ;
to preserve the moon during an eclipse. ci
besides. m cai i leng-gua fl a bo ; I do not kai gueh toa a soi ? Has this month thirty
know whether he has an,y besides these, l^ng- days or only twenty-nine ? cek ni cap-ji kfti
t A chii
gua u there are some besides these.
; gueh one year is twelve months.
;
sa" ni kSi
cu gua, bo nang ia° i ; besides this one, there jun gueh there is an intercalary month once
;
is no one who surpasses him. tu i cu gua bo in three years. gueh-gueh u nang lai some ;
n&ng lai besides him no one came.

; cfa tii one comes every month. ang gueh sng-sio ;
gua jieh
fl coi ? How many are there besides settle accounts monthly. co ci" si lun gueh a
this one ? keh gua un-tien grace above what ;
si lun nl kai ? Is the rent paid by the month
or by the year ? gueh kng cJli; the moonlight

is very bright. u gueh there is a raoon.
th(5i''-ki° gueh-hua see the halo around the
;
^SL gu 149
Words, phrases, discourse.
;
|1p| 1 126 ~7~
ngan-gu words conversa- ; ;
moon. gueh phek the dark body of the
;
tion, put hu nin kau thS.u ciap gu shall not ;
moon. gueh thiiu, gueh piia", gueh bvie the ;
allow you to put your heads together and
first, the middle, and the end of the month. sok gu a proverb. un gu a dark
whisper, ; ;
h<5 gueh sek bright moonlight. cie" kai
seng gu pin-cia" gd trite expres-
;
saying. ; ;
gueh last month.

;
rie" sa" kai gueh three ; sions, ngan-gu cho-sok vulgar expressions, ;
months ago. ci kai gueh this month, e kai
;
ko gti old sayings.
;
gueh next
;
month. ke no kai gueh in two ;
months more. kai gua gueh over a month, 113 To withstand to resist.
;
gu ;
kai gua-gua gueh; a good deal more than a f^ 1127 11 cu cannot withstand
gu i ill ;
month. cci° kai gueh month before last, him. tit cii no one can with-
;
bp nang gu
i ;
cek khiii sa" kai gueh one season is three

; stand them. gu-tek ; resist ; oppose.
tii
gu ;
months, kia" gueh-keng; to menstruate, kkn take a stand against. hxiang-gu to guard ;
gueh Ho ; to come to the full time. kue gueh against.

lio ;
to pass the expected time for confinement,
gueh sin, gueh ciii, gueh su; the menses. pi fi^rt gu 187 To curb and drive a horse ;
gueh suppression of the menses.
;
co rniia" *nS^ 1127 2 a charioteer,
gueh to receive congratulations a month after
; gu chia, gu be; to drive a chariot or a horse,
childbirth. hwn-lio gueh cluiu ci"; still ke gu ai" u huang-huap there are rules for ;
irregular in the monthly periods. ci kai a-

managing and curbing a horse there is a :
iio°-kia" 10 ci° gueh, hii kai io sek gueh this ; right way to rule the people, uang-ho ia-si i"-
infant is still younger than that one. kai keng kue khu kai, cheng-hu i kai chia-ke cp
lang gueh a little over a month.
; kai chun sien-gu an empress who has died, is spoken
;
gueh kai chut gueh

;
more than a month.
;
of personally as one taken away in a fairy
gueh-sia° ce kau ai° sng-sio when the month ;
chariot.
is up we will settle the accounts. chiu-kau
jl-cap me", gueh cie" gueh loh ji sa" ke"; on the
157 A
spur the dew-claw or ;
ninth and the twentieth of the month, the moon 441 6 hallux on birds,
rises and sets in the second and third watches, i kai kha u j
rti
; i kai kha kiia kai gu its feet ;
are spurred.
gueh pia", gueh kp cakes made to use in
;
worship at the full of the eighth moon. poih 60 Royal imperial.

gueh cfi.p-ng6 kie-cp tong-chiu coih the middle ;
;
of the eighth month is called the festival of 8 gu hd ;

the Imperial Canal.
the middle of autumn. cia" gueh cap-ngo gu pit chin c u ; the imperial autograph. gu
me" kie-cp ngwn-sio me"; the fifteenth night coi" si lie; in the imperial presence, gu in; the
of first month is called the night of the first imperial seal gu-ke chin ceng ; the sovereign
full moon. lai u si kai gueh came four ;
himself goes forth to subjugate, ci kia" mueh
months ago. boi lai u ngo kai gueh kii
si gu su kai this is a royal grant.
;
;
bought it five months ago. soi" lak kai gueh

six months before. chit kai gueh coi"; seven
months beforehand, mui" gêli every month,
jit gueh p a smooth bivalve, red on one side
;
;
;
i gu
1138
wears a jade bracelet.
96 Jade.
ikua kha gu chiu-hwn she
si lio kai a si gu kai ?
;
Is it or is it jade ?
and yellow on the other. opaque glass, gu in ; a
gueh me"; gueh
jade seal.
kng me"; moonlight nights. kang-hu si lun
glieh a si lun jit ? Is the work done by the
ha —
day or by the month ? jtrtt
ha 80 To breath upon, to warm
^^J 215 6 with the breath.
— gui — ha i sie ; warm it by breathing upon it. ha i
nng soften it by breathing on it. mai" khku,
;
gui 186 a-gui asafetida,

; brought lia kio lli ha ce don't cry, I will breath on the
;
,
1055 18 from Persia and Cashmere, hurt spot to assuage the pain for you.
and used for plaisters. It is also burnt as a
deodorizer, a-gui bp cin, khiak u cin though ^^ To bend
asafetida is not real, there is such a
;
B3 L^§ ;
to stoop.
thing as FX 182 9 ha ie ;
to bow. ki" tieh cQ
real asafetida. ha ie on seeing him she bowed
; low.
hk 89 ci kai ngAn ha" kai, tieh th6 sa" hun ciii ; this
Mourning apparel.
193 4 cie" ha; put on raonrning.
dollar has a crack in it, and three candareens
thut La put off mourning, toa ha in mourn- must therefore be deducted from its value.
; ;
ing, i toa
ti-tiang kS,i ha ? For whom is he in — hah —
mourning ? cheng ha h6k wear mourning
garments. i kai ha-hok miia" a hue ? Is his
mourning suit completed yet ?

light mourning.
ha-h6k khin
ha-h6k tSng ; deep mourn-
;
;
M
hall y
hah
652
How many
97
14
Petals.
ci ki hue khui chut
petals has this flower ? u6i
lai kiii
ing, ha tng drape a hall in mourning,

;
cek- hue hah ; the petals of a lily.
coi cie" ha assemble and put on mourning
;
tiht hah To expel the breath forcibly.

80
simultaneously.
r "J 229c6 hah, I'am tieh ctt mdng-
5
ha To gird ; to cord up; to bind.
76 mdng; when you breath upon it, it looks
779 ha ie gird the loins,
8 ai" gfi-
;
clouded. i cf
kp i" cC hah cu Q ciii h6 bda
li clah tieh khieh
kp ui-ie kliu ha; when you Imk if one breaths on this inkstone, there is
;
prepare supper you must put on an apron. ci water enough on it to rub up the ink with.
hie" coi ki ha cp cek e bind all these in one;
sheaf, tieh ha-bua cia° koi khieh tie them in ;

,^^ hah
80 Agreeing; accordant; suit-
a bunch, then you can carry them easily. ha ,
p4 217
8 ing; to join,
thau p6 a turban, ha Ie toa a girdle. hah 1 ; accords with ray idea.s. hah sim sek ;
; ;
meets his wishes. thoi" tieh Imh mak suits ;
ha 149 The noise of a crowd a cla- the taste. ciah tieh hah chui relishes it.
^{^^ ; ;
mor; a disturbance, thia" tieh hah hi"; pleases the ear. cp tieh I'o
[i/f^ 727 18
ha-ha jiang; to vociferate with many voices at hah chfu ; fits the hand bettor. hah ua kai i
once. ha-ha-k\e che"-soi bua khu to shout ;
iTi cai hah lii kai i rag ; do not know whether
and press forward, as to an attack in battle. what suits me will suit you. hah sle"; as I
k6 ce hiang, ha-ce-kie che°-soi khu when the ; thought. hah hiie ; raatos. hah sek har- ;
drum sounds yell and rush forward to tlie monizing in color. hah huap; according to
attack. thia"-ki" ha-ha sia", iTi cai nang jleh the rules, in haii huap; illegal, lia thoi" tieh
coi ;
heard the clamor of many voices, but did hah 1 consider it suitable.
;
nd nang sim si
not know how many persons there were. siang hah ; the two are well suited to each
other, hah su cSi ; just fits the place,
— ha" — hah khu h(5 ; matohes well ; fits in perfectly,
phue-
M
ing.
ha"
252
201 Yellow.
ha"-hun; twilight; the gloara-
ha°-hun-kla"; just at dusk.
rii hah
eng ; will not do for this use. hah sek;
like the pattern, hah kang jieh coi ci" ? How
much do you get for the whole job ? hah hun
in unison with one's part hah tp-li ; reason-
;
able, m
hah to-li ; not in acccordance with
IfiSn
^^° ^- ^^ intimidate ;
to scare ;
to
correct principles of action. hah cp seng-li ;
fV&r 219 14 theaten ; to browbeat. i to
ha" i kai he is intimidating him. khufc i ce
go into partnership. jit li siang hah, gueh li
siang chong ; the day is propitious but the
;
ha" cu tho as soon as he shouted out at her,

;
mouth is adverse. kio ua li siang hah, kio i
she drew back. mai" ha" i m pat ; do not
scare him so that he cannot answer.
li siang
heng ; it is favorable for me but un-
favorable for him.
4 An
interrogative adverb, ex-
— hai —
jT 224 4 pressive of doubt, placed at rt^fe^
"
hai 30 An exclamation denoting sur-
the end of a sentence, kha si cie°-se" ha" ? m Ii:t 161 prise or grief,
10
That is the way it is, is it ? cie"-se" kha ho hai, kli(5-sieh cSi ; alack, it is a pity, hai, i a
ha" ? That is well done, is it ? si ua ha" ? It si thia" ua ta" cu min cie"-se"; ah, if he had
was I, was it ? ho ha" ? It is possible, is it ? heeded what I said, this would not have
lu ai" CO oi ha" ? You are going to be a com-
happened.
petent hand at it, are you ? i si pat ha" ? He
understands it, does be ? ^^^ hai 85 The sea ;
maritime ;
vast.
yt^ 160 T hai ciii ;
hai hu
sea water. ;
ha" 145
Cracked,(saidof money only). salt water fish. hai tho ;
mud from
the sea
531 6 ha" kai, tau kiam ci"; that shore. hai c^n ; sea-going vessels. hai lo ;
which is fissured brings less cash in exchange. routes at sea. hai tau ; a rock in the sea.
hai pliia"; flats on the raargin of tlio sea, left hSi J87 Startled suddenly alarmed.
dry at low tide. hai ki"; the sea-shore. hai
m^ 187 6 kai-i ;
;
startled. hSi-pha";
toi mong cam ; searching in the sea for a needle, scared. kia"-hai
frightened. ;ua m hai-pha"
hai-liang; broad minded. liai ham; raag- M ;
I do not wish to
frighten you.
nauimous. s\ hai cu lai within the four ;
seas all the world, or China.

;
chut hai ; hai 75 A feud; to fight.
go to sea. hai chak pirates. hai kho 188 7 kh) hai arras.
; ;
hai-to ; to ;
freebooters. sua" tien liai bi dainties from kak hie" hai-to ; every
;
fight with weapons.
land and sea. kiie hdi cross tlie sea. keh
;
village is involved in a feud, h'ang ke hai-to?
hai across the sea.
;
chut liai gua; gone the two parties are fighting with
weapons,
13.i hai ; inland seas. hai
beyond the seas. kua" chut mn^ klm phoi" hai-to kai iia"; the
min ; the surface of the sea. hai chi ; a
magistrate has gone out to adjudicate those
mirage at sea. liai leng uang ; the Dragon cases in which there has been fioflitinsr.
Sea King, the Chinese Neptune. toa hai ua°;
a very big bowl. hok ju tang hai may your ; XA* hai 39 An infant.
happiness be like the eastern sea. hai-kau ; a 160
hai-ji ; a 6 young child.
4:^\ ang
sea-lion. luii-be; the sea-horso. cliim kiie hai-ji; a malicious infant. hwn-lfo hai-thong
hai ; deeper than the sea. khi a child in character.
is still
;
sa"-cap biie
kue hai-thong ; one is a child until he is
si
"^ J^ hai 149 To accord with ;

to joke, to thirty years old.
BPhai 187of one9 mind.
laugh at.
hai 61
hua ; peh ni hai lau an ;
i|*^t Languid, hai-tai; inefficient,
aged couple, khue-hai kai ue a joke, ci kai ; IJjy 187
remiss, 13
hai-hai tai-tai ; very
shiftless. ci hue co khang-khue lio nang hai-
nang hau" khue-hai this person is fond of ;
khue-khue hai-hai laughing and tai cai ; now that the work is done I am
joking. ; very
joking. tang bo khue-hai ta" chut kau ii tired. nang hai-tai ne ; am very much jaded.
khue-hai from earnestness to jesting.
;
Tflg hai 32 To
spoil, injure, or destroy.
244
M^ hai 188 The bones
of the body.
p>S 306 6 kat-liai ; a skeleton. si-sia
•^^jC
spoil by breaking.
16
hui-hai; to spoil, phua-hai ;
long hai khu ; spoiled by
kua''-bak si mi'en-eug nang kai si-hai to pSu- handling, oh i kai ie°, oh hai khu follow his ;
lo coffins are given away that the dead may

; example, and follow it to destruction. Id hai
not be seen. tieh lia kai su you spoil my plans.
thoi" i tie" siin-raih heng-hai ;
pi i cii-
chut lai ; see what appearance he presents. hai khu undermined by him.
; au-hai ;
spoiled by rotting. pai-hai ke-sia"; disgrace
N^g hai 181 The bones
of the chin. the famil3^ khufc i eng kau hai khu has been ;
used by him is worn out. ci kia" much

^^H 160 6 e-hai ; the chin. ehiu the" till it
6i ciah hai nang ; this will injure those who
e-hai; supporting the cliin on the hand, e-hai
eat it. chin oi chin hai nS.ng, juah 6i jilah hai
chio-chio; a projecting chin, e-hai ciam-ciam ;
e-hai ciam-ci ciaiu-ci; a very pointed chin, e- nang; cold and heat both injure people, each
hai lo-tho lo-tho ; a very heavy chin. in its own way. hai su lio ; there, it is all
chin-
chie ke c§k teng e-hai having a double chin,;
spoiled.
e-hai kia" ka-lauh khu ; dislocation of the jaw.
^^f To injure, to hui*t, to be the
hai 40
e-hai nap-ka,i.uh ; a very receding chin.
hai ; a very short chin.
bo e- —
I I 7 161
cause of damage,
khut lu hai tieh ; injured by you. hai i puah
hai 8 The
twelve branches.
last of the loh khii si lu ; it was you who made him fall
"^^ hai si nang; kill anybody, pun i hai
^5^ 161 4 hai
hSi gueh, hai jit, hS.i si,
ni,
dov^'n.
the last year, month, day, or hour in the cycle boi si just escaped being killed by him.
;
siet
of twelve. koi ham-hai ; lay a plan to injure, hai bd hai
kia"; a disgrace to his family. sie" hai to ;
A
Mi hai-cai
187
dwells in the desert and gores wicked
fabulous animal, half
deer, half nnicorn. It
men when
mar.
city.
hai thong sia"; a disgrace to the whole
hai-pha"; frightened made afraid,
hai pat nang cu si hai ka-ki ; if you injure
;
itsees them. hai-cai p6-sim ; an embroidered others you injure yourself. chang-hai peh-
unicorn worn on the breast by officials of a se"; injure the people. ui hai put chien ; no
certain rank. slight injury has been done, heng li, tu hai ;
to cause that which is useful to prosper, and to e-s6k hak-ki" cle"-si ; subordinates visit their
remove that which is hurtful. hai kau n&ng superiors in office. cwn-sSng pai-hak, u su
chi-chara ; occasions distress, lia co-ni hai tieh put eng; solely to pay I'espects to my superior
In what way have
lii ? I harmed you ? li-hai ;
and for no other business. (Written on the
harmful. boi ll-hai ; is not injurious. sIm visitor's card).
si ll-hai very malicious.
;
is kbut i hai kku
chit tien poih tau was set all at sixes and ;
hak 72 Apoplexy.
sevens by him. tii tlo cf tl-hng ksli tSi hai ;
1080 9 t6ng-hak a ;
fit of apoplexy,
eradicate what is most harmful in this region, ci khi pe° tong-hak,si m si tong-sii ; this is
pi nftng s(5 h&i injured by some one.;

se" hai apoplexy, not sunstroke.
nang, si hai n^ng; harmful whether alive or hdk 82
Stiff hard clay ; hardpan ;
dead.
— hai" — 210 13 solid.
th6 t5i°-hak t5i"-hak n6 ; the soil is very stifE
^® 162 To pay to gi ve back.
hai° ;
and hard. co-nl pu, ciah tieh eong-kii hak-
^^^^ 244 18 khiam i kai ngun tieh hfti" h&k ne; however much it is boiled, it is always
i ;
if
you owe him you must pay him. hai" very hard when you come to eat it. cf khf
bue cheng-ch<5 not yet paid in full. ;
lu ai" lok-lok bo eng, tieh hfa toi°-hak toi'-hak kai
hai" lia a m; do you intend to pay me or not ? cia" hd ; tliese are watery and useless, those
hai° cek tng, b6 hai° no tn;^; pay once, but not fii:ra-fle8hed and solid ones are the good ones,
twice. hai" ce pay a debt. hai" pho-thftu
; kut tieh t6i"-hak toi"-hak ne; it is very solid
Bio pay a bill.
;
ai" hai" co h6 a hai" co lai ? and hard when you dig into it.
Do you wish to pay it toward the principal or
toward the interest ? pue hai"; tlen hfti"; J§^ hak89 To learn to practice ; a ;
to indemnify. hai" ngwn ; pay a debt of - "X"* 20918 science a study, ;
gratitude. khieh hai" i give it back to him. ; hak-sip to learn so as to retain.

;
hak-seng;
i bo hai" via; he won't give it back to me. sng a pupil. phak hak ; versatile aquirements.
hai"; reckon and repay. hak ceng; hak thai ; hak l"; a provincial liter-
ary chancellor. tfti hak; the Great Science;
i^ hai" 80 Groaning; moaning. a large school, sio hSk ; a small school. tfti-
P\!^© 271 18 hfti"-liai''-kie cp-ni ? What is hak-sQ ; cabinet ministers. iSi koh huk-B^ ;
he groaning about ? lu hai-hai"-kie si ui tieh members of the inner council.
sim-mih su? What are you groaning for?
thoi" tieh ciu hai"-(.e-kie as soon iis he saw ;
— ham —
it he began to grunt.
hai"-hai"-kie
and moaning (when caught).
ju hang-ku tui heng
;
like a tortoise beating its breast
m ham
162
142
Bivalve shells with scallop-
ed surfaces,
thng kau i ham-khak peh tit khui
6
scald
— hak — them till the shells can be opened. cf choh
;
m hak
coi
*|lt
i m
hak
185
tio
?
;
To guide and govern.
159
kwn-hak to control, kwn-
10
cannot govern him.
How many
hak e u jieh
;
are there under his

ham pui cfii, mua" khak nek; these bivalves
are very fat, and fill the shell.
ciii khu lam ham
over the bivalves.
pu chph kiin
boil some water and pour it
;
chin cui 15 ham ; stirring

nang the bivalves around in cold water; well meant
authority ? i si i hak e kai nang ; he is under
but ineffective exertion.
his authority. bo nang kwn bo nang hak ;
nobody exercises any control over it. siu nang ham 164
Exhilirated ; jocund.
kwn-hak under authority.
;
162 ciah kau pua" ham ;
5 ci'u
hakTo penetrate the meaning.

150 drank until half tipsy. ciah kau min ham-
^/L ham ang drank until his face was flushed.
t=tH 258 10
sim-heng hak-tak; intel- ;
ligent, having tact. hak-hak tak-tak far-

seeing, lia thia"-k\° cie"-se" ta" sim ISi cu
khui hak; when 1 heard that said, I understood
what it ail meant.
;
M ham
939
112
beat gently to rap on.
6
To knock and shiver j
ham chili; hit and break in pieces. ham kku

;
to
mi"-mi"; beat it gently and make it very soft

hak 149 To visit a superior. thereby. khieh kp cieh ham khu tii-tii hdm
1080 9 kak ki"; visit a superior in tieh i kai thau ; flung a stone down and hit
office, pai hak ; go to visit an official
superior. him exactly on the head.
ham 64 To throw, to pitch, to cast. Vffil ham 85 )acious

Capa ; submerged.
„ , 876 4 hatn loh ciii throw it into ; llil 163 8 ham
Im kau a covered drain, ;
the water, ham-pang hiie ko khut i sie ;

throw ham cui ti°; the waste-weir is full of water,
itinto the fire and let it burn up. hara-16h hai-ham indulgent forgiving.
; ham-fang ; ;
tho-e cu phiia khu ; if you cast it down upon forbearing; to keep one's temper. cng kai bo
the ground it will break. h3,m-fang ; has no patience. pheng-si u hara-
kang-hu has usually some work on
I'ang kSii ;
hand requiring great patience.

ham 30 To vociferate; to cry out; to
164 9 call out.
Lkm wn ham km t^ ham 30 All, the total, totally.
cry out for redress. ;
chng-i" hSm kai khieh pkng

;
ham kho; scream from distress, /BA(( 198 6

implore help, hu gua the furniture and put it out-
take
phah kau ham kie ham km khu beat him
i ;
;
all
till he yelled for help. thia''-ki° u nang ham

side there. ham kai ai"; wants all of them.
ham h5m nang hua°-hi kai su what pleases all. i
kie k\u; heard some one calling for help, ;
Buah lien thi"; the clamor reached heaven.

hua" nang hSm kS.i hau"; all of them are un- m
willing. hSm nang cai ; they all know it.
ham nang thia°-ki°; they all lieard it. ci ciia"
ham 30 To call to hail one.
nang hS,m kai si sok i kwn these persons are
B^
^.TV 248 9 ham i
;
lai ;
call him to come all under his authority. ti-hng h5m kai kui
;
here. via ham lu co-ni ra lai ? Why do you

i; the land all reverts to him.
not come when I call you ? lia ham lu tieh
in ; you must answer when I call you. lia
ham 61 Mortified with one's self;
ham lu khu boi mueh lu cu tiehme"-me" lai ;
166 13 vexed,
when I send you to buy things you must come bo wn hSm forgiving. wn hSm i ; vexed
;
back quickly, lu ham co sira-mih raia ? What with him. si ia bo hSm if I should die, I ;
name are you called by ? ham che"; called on would have nothing to regret. i
cong-sin
to awaken. sie° tieh khueh h5m ; he regretted it all
his life.
/^^ ham 30 To embody; to tolerate ; full.

if 162 4 ham chie; to restrain a smile, ham 170 To fall down into to ruin
ham ham-hu ; [f^ ; ;
lui
indistinct,
;
tears standing in the eyes,
ham-ham hu-hu; indefinite, ham-
rR 202 8 to sink.
ham-hai nang; to implicate others in difficulties,
hu in i ; answered him carelessly. ham-ham
hu-hu CO done anyhow, pau-ham khuah cai pun nang ham-hai involved in trouble by ;
; ; others. puah Iqh ham-khe°; fell into the

of great magnanimity. ham siu blush for ;
h'u kai ham-ce"; dug a pit. khe" ham
trap, ;
shame, u ham-thiok; reticent, hue h&m-liii

ham-1'.'ii the flower is budded. hwn-Ho ham-
to entrap, pang-ham to fall, as a cliff, sua" ;
;
pang-ham the mountain has shelved off.
; ci
ham, hue khui is about to blossom, but has
; kai ce" hu toi ham this well has caved in. ;
not opened.
sua" pang ti ham a landslide. ;
'2^Y li^™ ^^'^ Title or rank ; official posi-

— hang —
'PJ 199
y
kua" ham official title, keh ham ;"the address
;
tiou.
i/\
hang
235
To place so as to absorb
radiated heat,
86
6
of one holding this position. hue ham the ;
hang ta dry before a fire or in the sun. khieh
;
title of a firm. chiang kua" ham to call out ; khu 16 feng hang; hang it by the stove to dry.
the title as an usher does at a levee. i sim-
mih ham ? What is his title ? bun-cu eng-co hang i nng cia° hd a wn put it by the fire till ;
it is flexible, and then it can be bent.

sim-mih ham ? What is the title used in the hang
kau nng-nng let it remain in the warmth till
;
dispatch ? khim-kia-thdng-ti-ham ; a brevet it softens, hang sie hang it to warm,

; hang
Bub-prefect. i ie°; set it to melt. chiu hang sie ; hold the
hands by a warm them. fire to
ce hang i ciu
ham 17 To infold, envelop ; liberal. wn ; by a fire will warp it.
placing it mai°
163 cun ham your valued favor,
6 ; hang khah thi'am do not put it too close to the
;
pau-ham an envelope. ; hai ham magna- ;

fire. chi'u pang to chiu-16 teng
hang sie-sie ;
nimity, mq" lu hai-ham ; hope for your put your hands over the brazier and warm
generous forbearance. them well.
130 DICTIONAET OF THE BWATOW DIALECT.
Seldom ; scarce | rare.

122 the characters are written in very straight
hang
164 parallel lines. six cek h^ng c^k
hang-hang u ci kai it is
3 ; hfing write ;
thoni in columns.
very rarely that we have this, i
hang tit lai ;
ci le" bun-cu si
eng tO kiii
he seldom comes. hang kai ? What number of columns to the
hang tlidi°-ki° kai infre- ;
quently seen. rii si hi-hang kai much

not ;
is page, in the paper used for this sort of writ-
a scarce article, liiiam miieh ce
hang cu kien ings ? ng6 hang kai tng 6i satin shoes with ;
tion whatever is rare is considered valuable, five parallel lines of stitching on them. i
; pai
hang hdng kai sQ something that seldom ; h^ng si toi° kiii ? Which is he among the
brot hers ? p&i hkng si toa a si ji ? Is ho the
occurs. hang hong kai much an article ;
i
seldom met with. eldest or the second born ? hiu" ai" co bRk
I want the wadded jacket
hftng ;
quilted in
-pXl hdng
64 To fend off; to guard against. close parallel lines. hdng b&k c6 make the ;
^ I 165 8 hang gfi to fend ; ofiF ; to lines closer together, hang ko a firm or cor- ;
defend against, bo nftng bting-gfi i tit ciS ; no poration, t&ng hang kai n&ng; one of the same
one can successfully withstand iiim. cQ si i guild. jip hftng enter a firm. ; chut hang;
to hdng-ue 6Sa°-ti it is he who sets a leave a firm.
;
guard hang kui ; commission for sell-
around and protects the city. ing, h&ng siang; a trader in a guild. ie"
hftng ; a warehouse where the wares of all
> pH hang 61 Ruthless ; choleric. nations are kept. se" hang a Cantonese ;
1"^ 165 7 khfang-hang; overbearing; warehouse, or guildhall. png tl hang ; a

impetuous, hiong-hang; passionate and warehouse where native wares are kept, hang
violent.
h6 juembers of a firm.
;
h^ng khau ; a guild,
85 hftng cu; the manager of a firm, hang teng; a
h?ing Relating to China; lusty. khui hSiig ph6
164 janitor or servant in a guild.
hd-hkngnftng; a lusty fellow,
11
kHi n&ng; one who has warehouses and shops.
i cu ka" cd hd-hang; he is not afraid to
se' lai kau-ch!ang
bully kak hftng kfii seng-li m
t&ng; each guild has a
people, toi-hang; naturally different sort of business, ngd hftng kî seng-
very robust and burly. t5 lo teng ng6 tieh
If to hd ; all sorts of trade flourishes. iSi
cek kai toa-hang; met a powerfully built man
in the road, mvia hang; Manchus and Chinese, h&ng; accustomed to the business. gQa h4ng;
miia hang siah a feast of a hundred courses,
;
not versed in the craft, ci k&i si cai hang a m
cai hang ? Is this one versed in the business or
hang bun ; Chinese literature. hang kun ; the not ? ci kia° su lia m cai hang this is a sort
naturalized Banner Force, Chinese ;
incorporated of business I am not versed in. ISu cai h^ng;

under the eight Banners.
an old hand at it.
hang chSng; the customs of
h&ng 40 Cold plain the craft. hang cheng kng, lia hang cheng
i
poor. ; ;
163 9 hang-ne; hang chin; wintry. rli

kng he knows the ways of the guild and
;
thi°-st hang-chin the weather is I do not. ji-ke hang-ke li both receive an in-
;
freezing cold, ;
si'o
hang, tai hang; autumn cold and winter come from the firm.
cold, hang su cam a thermometer, hang ke;
;
my family, ki hang sd pek hungry, cold, and ; hftng 124 A plume or quill to write
destitute, ta" hang; discouraged, sim hftng ;
166 10 or draw with,
the forest of pencils, the highest
disheartened. pin-tng kau i sim h&ng ta° hang-lim ;
chin bothered him till he lost all heart, of the four degrees conferred on scholars,
;
hang
ciali coih a wintry feast. tiara hftng-lim ; to obtain the degree of Acad-
;
hkng ju a poor ;
scholar. ko-hang friendless. su h^ng un

; ;
emician, hang-lim l"; the National Academy.
to talk over experiences, sie" hang sick with ;
a cold, hang ceng sickness that is the result 170 To submit; to return to
hang
;
1^^ 364
of cold, i kai sin-hun
hu-h&ng his vitality is ; IT^ 6 allegiance. hang-hok to ;
weak, cf kia" mueh oi yield submission. bo hang-hok i ; will not

hang ui, m-h<5 to ciah ;
this chills the stomach, and it is not well to eat give in to him. i m
kheng hang ; he is un-
ranch of it. i kai pi iii willing to surrender, hang ciang the general
hang-ne; he dreads the ;
cold.
hang-liang kai ieh ; medicines. cooling
who surrenders. cie hftng ; call for a return
to allegiance. kui hang ; to return to lawful
^^
14
hang
207
144
Parallel lines a warehouse ;
a merchantile establishment.
; rule. hftng pia°; troops that return to their
duty, hang Teng hok ho"; reduces the dragon,
hang-liet parallel rows,
;
hang-ngo ranks, as ; and humbles the tiger. tftu hang ; return to
of an army. ji sia khu kai h^ng-ngo hd cSi ; loyalty.
liSng 181 Funds; a classifier of hang 49 A lane ;

a road.
JCT
^\ 191 3 moneys or monetary affairs, 190 6 hang thau, hang biie tho ;
kong hS.ng public funds. ngU'\ hS.ng ci"

; ;
head and the foot of a lane. hang khau the ;
LSng; funds. khiatn hSng; debts; liabilities, place where the lane opens into another road,
cek hiing ci" bue ceng sin; there is one bill not toa hang a wide lane. hang-kia"; a narrow
;
yet colleched. no liSng ngun long-cotig luii" lane, phiah-siah hang a by-path, toa hang- ;
clieng-chp the two suras are both paid in full,

;
tau a wide passage.
; hang-tau ho ; the roads
ki'o lijing; hand over the funds, kak liSng kS.i are good. hue hang; a narrow alley between
huo-mueh each sort of goods.
;
u hSng-hiah adjacent buildings, hue koi Ifu hang; brothels,
h(5 hai" via a bo ? Have you the funds for pay- called the flowery willow lanes.
hang kueh
ing me or not ? pat hang kai kua to i chiu ; ki'a"; a short narrow lane.
the other matters have been put into his hands.
ci cek hSng su li wn lio; this business is
— hap —
settled. u fek hap 180 To swell ; puffy ;
tense.
/4JK 24 8 cek sang kha hap
i cie'-si
72 To travel by land.
"F=|* hang
164
kau toa-toa ki his legs have lately swollen up
;
I 3chong ciii lo lai a chong very much. cek e hap kau sim-kua'-thau cii
hang lo lai ? Did you come by water or chwn
by ai" ;
his chest up that is so tensely puffed
land ? jleh coi pho hang lo, jieh coi pho cui he breathes with kio th6- Iio
difficulty. hap
lo ? How much of the journey is by water,
ti-kong hie"-se°; swollen so that he looks like
and how much by land ? kia" no jit hang
of it the image of a local god. hap lo sio hap fo ;
lo lio u-gua cii si cui lo after two days travel ;

thp lio the swelling is going down, i si thong
;
by land, the rest of the way is by water, kau sin hap, a si toa"-toa" hap to min ? Is his whole
ti-ko khi hang ? Where did the journey over-
body swollen or only his face ?
land begin ?
/<g-2y .
hap 30 To close by joining the cor-
hang 170 A limit ; a boundary ; a
I—I 217 3 I'esponding parts,
202 6 restriction to set a time;
hap mak ;
to shut the eyes. mak hS,p bua ;
or limit. mak hap m
close your cannot close
eyes, bua ;
VL
hSng ;
is limited.
hang kai there is a ii
; the eyes, chiii hap mi°; the mouth shut tight,
limited number. iu hang a small sum. iu ;
hap CO cek kai doubled together so as to form
;
hang kai su; there are not many items. si- one. cu-cheh hap khi shut your book. hS.p ;
hau u so hang ; there is a limit to the time, m loh cannot close it together.
;
hang CO kui jit ? How many days do you set ?

hang hang kheh cu ai"; want it at the fixed
si — hau —
time. hang tia"-tteh kai a fixed amount, ;
Jib hau 85 Immense vast.
kai-hang hun-meng; the limit is plainly mark-
;
ed, u kai ii hang; has a fixed boundary. tt 1 72 Y hau-hwn manifold. ;

i kî
kue hang to overstep the limit, or pass the set su hau-hwn cai ;
his affairs are very perplexing,
;
time. un hang conjunctions, said of one's ke-eng sim si hau-hwn ; his family expenses
;
are almost numberless.
horoscope. u kai hang-khi has a set time, ;
hang u kS,i to-sio set a rule or fix a measure,;

Rife 141 To scream to bawl to yell.
hau
khwn hang cek kai gueh extend the time a 173
; ;
phau-hau to yell.
;
V/jti 7 hiia"
month. hang Iu sa° jit cu lai kio will give
;
;
nang to phau-hau many people yelling. kiii ;
you three days, after which I will come and khau, sin hau demons wailing and spirits ;
take it. tai hSng ciang kau ; the great
limit is near at hand you are not likely to live ci'ying out ;
a dreadful clamor, as at a fight
;
or a fire.
long. hang ieh ; a poison prepared so as to
act at a certain time. bo hang-liang ; without hau 75
-jtS Empty ;
unfilled.
limit. m-hp hang-lIang do not restrict.
hang bo Hang unlimited.
b6
ai° hang kau cie°
;
A^
hau
hau pak an empty belly,
192 6 ;
;
pak phoi" kong to perform public duties
me", CO m
lai ; if you set so short a time, it without any salary. i ci hue to hau to kp ;
;
cannot be done, cek jit hSng i cp jieh coi set ; he belly is now empty.
him a stint for the day. twn ii kai meng
hang ; fix a limit. cek tng hang no ua°; hau 30 To howl, to bellow, to breath
stinted to two bowlfuls a meal. ai° co kui 192 7 hard,
hang ; will make several restrictions. phau-hau ; clamor. hua" nang eg phau-hau, i
132 DICTIONAET OF THB SWATOW DIALECT.
cQ cau ; as soon as they all began to scream hau boi ta'; there is not the smallest mistake,
at him, he fled. i khj c5i, jvvn cek hslu to b6 iong-chSng ; does not show the
phaa-hdu,
jwn thio; he was in a great rage, and screamed least temper. ci ki pit kai hau I'o ho this ;
and jumped about frantically. chwn-haa ; to pencil has a better point.

pant, to breathe with difficnlty.
hSu
141 The name which one takes
€
roaring.
baa
175
80 The
ho" t<5 hau ; the tigers are
4
hd tang sai hau ; the lions are roar-
cries of animals. 173 7 on becoming great.
kai hSu to make up a title or a name for
one.
;
co
ai° cd kai hSu tieh mai" kio i kai
ing on the east side of the river; the old wo- CO kai mia°-ho sie tang jl; in taking a manly
man is scolding like Xanthippe. name, no letters must be used that were in
the names of one's ancestors.
J^ hau 88 Friendly.
^Vj
hfta
171
hau-hau ;
8 hua-hau
having great
hau 89 Filial piety dntif al.
; congenial.
aflBnity.
;
hda-
m
son.
hSn
175
60
hfta-se"; youthful.
h&u-.se" nang ; a young per-
6
hSu-se° kia"; a lad.
193
filial conduct.
4 kia° Lku kai kfe"; a filial son.
put hau ktli kfa"; an unfilial son. hau heng
hSu hong 6i kdm-t5ng nftng
kai sim ; dutiful behaviour moves people's
;
^ 373
hSu
76
6
A high school or gymansinm.
hak hau a seminary. tt
kwn-gai hak-hSu kai su i cia° fi li ; anything

that appertains to the seminary ho takes up
;
hearts. ka-kl phah pe khng-koi pftt nftng

and regulates.
kia"-hau beats his own father and exhorts
;
others to filial piety. i tt tfam hkn sim he ;

hau The king-crab.
195
has a filial heart, ji-cftp-si hku the " Twenty, ;
17t> 18 khak hd c6 pu-hia; the
hftu
four Examples of Filial Piety."
peh heng ill of the king-crab many be used as a
hku M soi"; of all virtues filial piety is chief.
dipper, hiu peh-cheh; the scales under a king,
kia"-lih,u pe-b(5 obey your parents. kla"
;
crab ; Venetian blinds. hSu nng the roe of
hhn kong-ku respect your husband's parents, ;
;
the king-crab. hau hue hd co ieh the tail of
tong chin hau cu loyal courtiers and dutiful
;
;
the king-crab is used in medicine. iSu-sSt kuo
sons. to ke 6i kia°-hi\u pe-bd, co kua" cQ 6i hSu more harmless than a kiug.crab.
;
cin-tong chio-th§ng he who is ; dutiful toward

his parents when at home is faithful to the
hftn 66 To fulfill to verify effects
government when he takes office. hkn hti a ; ; ;
;
193 6 efficacious inherent power,
filial daughter-in-law a dutiful wife. ;
;
hau huap law
to fulfill the to follow a
; ;
pat-
hftu 152 eminent.
tern, hd khut nang hau huap ; worthy of
Dominating ;
emulation.
171 7 hau-kiet u kong-hau possessing merit, ;
capable. ;
eng-
hiong hau-klet ;
energetic and capable. th6 kong-hau ju pin; divinely efficaciou.s, (as a pill),
sit-cai u hau-ngiam
hau; a local tyi-ant. hû kng a dazzling certainly has efficacy,
;
light, cok 1° cu hau ;

the dominating
;
member
m pi h6k ieh b6 hau kai not as a medicine ;
of his clan. that produces no effect. hok ieh bo kong.

hau quack medicines have no intrinsic merit,
m
;
hau 85 Easy, leisurely to linger. ;

mai" hau-huap i kai ie"; do not emulate his
282 6 i 00 su hau-hau ne she does ; style. sui-si cu ki° kong-hau ; will iramedi.
things very leisurely. ai° hau kau ti-tiang ately perceive its efficacy. sit-cSi iS hau ; is
si ? How u kong u liau is effective
long are you going to linger over it? really effective. ; ;
jit ua° lio, r7i ho hau a; it is late in the day, it possesses those qualities which produce an
will not do to loiter. effect. bo konir bo hau ; without inherent
power. u hau u ngiam has efficacy. u hau
^
;
^ » hau 82 A ten-thousandth part of a bp hau tSng thoi" pa-tau: u ieh bo ieh tSng
-^Sr 171 7 tael; a pencil's point ; motes ; thoi" sin-cieh; u sin bo sin tSng thdi" lui-sin ;
minute. as to whether things possess inherent power,
hau CO cek li, cap li co cek hun,
cftp cap hun you have only to consider the croton oil fruit :
cp cek ci°, cap ci° cp cek ni'e the table of ; as to their medical properties, it is only neces-
divisions in Chinese money. li hau si hut to
sary to look at the effects of arsenic as to :
sng ; reckons to the utmost farthing. si hkn whether there are gods or not, you need only
boi cho ; there is not the slightest error, huu consider what is done by the god of thunder.
hau To inquire after to wait for

— he —
^ 9 ; ;
176 8 a time or period; a period of he 80 Shortness of breath.

iive days. 192 7 he pS"; he-ku-thiu ; asthma.
to send
inug-lmu; to inquire after one's health;
salutations, i lai mng-hau lu he has come to ; hh 80 To wail ; to roar to bawl. ;
kio ua mng-hau i mki" hfe-he sia"; do not bawl

pay his respects to you. ;
^X
PfiK» 371 18
give my respects
to him. theng-hau ; to wait, out. i k&i cp-ni he-he khau what is he cry- ;
ua to ci haa-theng lu lai ; I will wait here till ing so uproariously about ?

to ei hau hi kii lio ; have been
you come.
here waiting for you a long time. hau i chin
iP3 hg 96 A flaw ;
a defect ; a blemish.
ce cia" ho ciah ; wait till it cools, and then it tK 183 9 tng tiam hiin he; without
may be eaten, su-hau; to serve; to wait upon, spot, crease or flaw ;
without defect of any sort.
hau lu kai ke lai I wait, Sir, for you: (said
;
on invitation cards). coih-hau ; holiilays, ^=lQ^ h§ 173 Vapor colored ;

clouds.
at the new and full moons. khi hau sie m ^^ 182 "9~ thoi" tieh kai thi" tng hftn-
tilng the
;
seasons are dissimilar. hau p6 he beheld the
; sky without a cloud.
kua"; an by brevet; an expectant of
officer
office. bo si-hau ho co there is no time for ; [W hg 142 Crustaceans allied to the
doing it. ai" tang kau tl kai si-hau ? Until >cJC 182 9 lobster and shrimp,
when will you wait ? ci hue bo si bo hau ; peh-hS prawns, sua-he ;
leng-he ; lobsters. ;
there is not now time for it. ci hue m si si tho-he

shrimps, ; crayfish, meng-kg ; yellow
m si hau this it no time for it. hin-khek .si
; prawns, meng-hg pi sua-hS kai sin I'o bib ; the
Bim-mih si hau ? What time is it now ? mai"
yellow prawn, when compared with the shrimp
tak-niig tio si-hau do not waste the time,
;
si- has a flatter body, h^ p6 dried prawns, he ;
hau i°-keng kau lio the time has arrived. ; p6, phah tio khak, kie-cp he bi; shrimps
dried
and shelled are called dessicated shrimps. he
hau 19 To toil ;
to labor earnestly ;
koi the pickle for shrimps, h^ chun; the roe
;
193 6 exertions, of lobsters. hg ko prickly prawns. ;

klara
hau lak earnest effort, hau-lau to moil, to he chiu the antennae of
; ;
ke; salt prawns. ;
kun coi" kp hau lak ; led the van in effort, lobsters. hg bxie ;
an ornament shaped like
took the lead in exertion. tng-hau khien be a prawn's tail.
cu lau ; worked like a horse.
— hau" — he 9 A vacation or recess,
362 9pang he have a vacation. c6-
M
;
hau° 38 Fond of ;
addicted to ;
to ni cie" iia" biie pang he ? Being so late, why ia
171 ^ take pleasure in. it that school is not yet out ? pkng he lio, to
hau" hak studious. ;
hau" puah, hau" ciah ; lo teng rri-hp sng when school is out, do not
;
addicted to gambling and to opium smoking, play on the way home.

hau" ciah ciu fond of wine.; nang kai sim
kak u s(5 hau"; each heart has its own objects ^4l he 149 To promise solemnly.
of regard, i hau° ta° lie she is a great talker. PJ 228 ~4 he and
sin ;
to bring offerings
;
i siang hau" cie''-se° co he is much addicted to;

make a vow he h^t to
before the gods. ;
doing so. cia i siang hau" tlda"; he takes promise Buddha, he-ngwn; make a vow. toa
cia si so hau lie, sie koi a large promise and meager ful-
great pleasure in hearing this,
i ;
kai this is what he delights in. peh ho" hau" fillment, to sin kp he sa" se", he hi; vowed
;
ciah tiam, sa^-suah hau" ciah kiam ; the white before the gods that he would offer them three
sorts of meats and the view of a theatrical
tiger is partial to 8weet.s, while the baleful grif-
fin prefers salt relishes ;
each to his own taste. performance. i he kue lia kai what he ;
solemnly promised me. ua he i

jieh coi nguu
i hwn-lio m kheng
"
Willing; acquiescent; volnn- though I promised him no
*^
hau" 130
i^ ;
r^ 324 tary ; to assent ; to permit ;

"4~ inconsiderable amount of money, he still would
to consent. i hau" a hau" ? Does he agree m not consent.
to it or not ? kai hau", kai hau"; one was m
•willing, and the other was not. i hau" m v5^
"
he 162 To send a present ;
to give.
khut lia; he would not let me have it. i hau"; ly^^ 832 ~6~ cia miieh si ti-tiang lai h5
she gave her permission. i a
pe hau"; his m kai ? Who brought and presented these things?
father would not consent to it. a i kai kia" c6 chin lai he miieh-ciahj my
134 DICTIONARY OP THE &WATOW DIALECT.
aunt's son is befcrofched and has sent some of — heh —

the betrothal cakes as a present. cf kai ndi"-
heh 30 To intimidate ; to scare.
kuai" eng he chii-pi" a mi'n ? Ought we to give
I* 219 14 heh SI naiig frighten any-
some of these laichis to the neighbours or not P ;
body to death, heh-toah i ; to hoot at threat-

1 To lower; to let down ; to lay. eningly, i
cang kai si to heh n^ng; he makes
The 183
2 he-loh ; to get knowledge or
information about, i chue klii fl he-ldh a b6 ?
use of influence to intimidate people.
eg heh, i cu kiu kliu ; as soon as she was
kliut i
threatened by him, she shrunk back. ce heh

Did he by searching get any knowledge of the
cu tho; as soon as he was threatened he with-
facts ? co-ni kau ta° hwn-li'o bd he bo 16h ?
How is it that up to the present time no infor-
drew. lu tieh cai hang-heh i, i cia" kii" cp m
mation has been gained ? ci ciah cfiti he u jieh pe"; you must scold at him, then he will not
dare behave badly.
coi hue ? How
many goods were shipped off in
this vessel ? i kai i-su si ai° he chi'u loh khu
sie-hQ ; his intention was to lay his hand on _., heh 155 Glorious; brilliant; majestic.
and help. {fP/T 219 7 i ci hue td lau-lû hcli-heh
k&i si-han, kiii peh nguu sitn-raih siang-kang;

he 85 Summer. this is a time of great prosperity with him, and
183 7 he thi"-8i ;
in summer. h6 what are a few hundred dollars to him.
khiii ;
the summer season. tiang-sl h6-c\?
When is the summer solstice? hS p6 sa°-
kh6 summer clothing. h6 ; lip he the "lirt heh 66 To shorten sail ;
to let down
; jip ;
'iJ\ 135 4 a sail. ph&ng heh ke eg

beginning of summer, he hiie thi"; the ;
hottest part of summer, hS ko chau ; plants lower the sail a little. heh tlo thfiu phang ;
that dry up in summer. take in the fore-sail. i kai

phang ce heh ih
16h, c&n cQ to lap cui if they cannot lower the
;
hS 27 A
great house in process sail, their boat will take in water.
184 10
of building.
nfn k&i tSi hg tiang-si khi kang ? When do 65 Each
hSh apart from others ;
you begin work on your mansion ? ni'n kfti 724 8 scattered

separate, ;
tai hg khf khu ti-tiang-sl cia° hd ? When will

chph much sang heh-heh, b6 siu-sip bua the ;
the building of your great house be finished ?

things are all at loo.se end.s, and not put up
— he" — compactly. hua" nang sang-.sang heh-heh,
M
Bi
1078
he"? That
he" 128 An
implying a doubt.
is so, is it ?
3
m si he"? Is it not
interrogative particle,
bo tang sim hiap lak ; they are all acting inde-
pendently of each other, and not joining their
strength in a commou cause.
so then ? hu-kp I'o kun he" ? That is nearer,
isn't it ? i pat, he" ? He knows, does he ? — heh" —
ai" khu he"? Going, are you ? i kfii co-nS he" ?
What does it all mean ? J^^ b§h" 61 Captious; much displeased.

Up 208 8 i h6h°-heh" ne cu lai ; he
75
he"
came very unwillingly. i lai kau th6i-"tieh
Fishing stakes.
170
6 i kai he" gai tieh cAn l6
heh"-heh" ne when he came he appeared very
;
;
these fisliing stakes interfere with the passage cross, sie cai, se-su-kia" cu to heh"
khi he is ;
of the boats, poih tlo i kai he"; pulled up his very petty, and gets vexed at the least little
fishing stakes, ci pai he" u thing.
cap-ji ki; there are
twelve fishing stakes in this row. — hek —
he"
1089
184
14
To eat too much ; to gorge.
ciah kku he"; eat to repletion ;
T^
J.^%
hek
234
75
6
To
hek meng-peh
investigate
investigate
;
;
to examine.
to stuff one's self with food thoroughly. chak-hek inquire fully into,
; gorged. ;
hek sit ; get at the facts, hek sio examine an ;
he" 86 Yes it is even account. hek sio-bak examine the books,

j^^ 285 me ?
; so. ;
^\\y
8 si he". Is it so ? Yes. hek twn investigate and decide.
;
hek-thoi"
si cie°-se" a m si ? he" ne ;
it is so is it not ? tieh a m tieh; ascertain whether it is right
Yes. ua mng tieh, i ta" he"; I asked him and or not. hek pho audit the accounts.
;
hek
be assented. khoi; examine the deeds.
To impeach; out the tui heng, tah ka-ciah ; beat the breast and slap
hek 19 to search
the sides, as in token of earnestness. koi
220 6 merit or demerit of officials,
hek-cjiu ;
to accuse in a memorial, si tl-tiang heng, ah ka-ciah has a projecting breast bone ;
hek-cjiu i ? Who impeached him? kiiut i hek- and is round shouldered. heng-kam kut ;
the breast-bone. sa" heng-coi" si ju tieh slna
cau li'o kua° leh-li khu ;
after being impeached
his office was taken away from liiiu.
much ? With what have you daubed the front
of your tunic ? ciah lio kai thug, raai" till tieh
hek 203 Dark obscure dull black. sa" heng-coi";do not in eating drop your soup
Pp 218
;
hek poll huu raeiig a clear

; ;
on the front of your tunic.

'j}\\ ;
distinction between black hek-am; and white,

deep darkness. hek me"; in the darkness of _^^ heng 8 To influence throughout;
rjr 169 5 successful,
night. lang hun hek peh difficult to dis- ;
chut jip heng thong having all things to your
tinguish between light and darkness, min sek
;
toa hek his face is dusky,

;
hek sek sok si ta° liking. ngwn heng II ceng the universal ;
CO o sek; black is commonly called brown. providence.
db'lj* hek 155 Luminous majestic.

K^ heng 134 To take delight in ;
elated ;
Jiyy 219 ~7~

;
sin-meng hien-hien hek-hek; i^

hi-heng
205
pleasurable.
; hi'-heng cu cp,
9
hi-
joyful.
m
the god manifests himself gloriously.
heng cu m; if he takes pleasure in it he will do
hek 4 tired it, if he does not take pleasure in it, he will

"CH^ Weary; out, needing
/^
]u kia"
122
khu
^
4
oi
rest.
hek a boi ? Are you wearied
not do it.
bo heng
kau-heng; highly pleased with,
;
u heng takes
takes no delight in. ;
with walking ? cau kau kek li'o have run till

;
delight in. having a joyful time,
li
heng-thau ;
sau heng spoil the fun. ci hue heng-heng

I am exhausted. ci kia" .su li kau cheng-chp ;
ai° lai cp mih su, khut i c<5 tio khu, kle-cp sau-
hek cai when I had finished up this business
;
I was very tired, lu m ceng co raih su cO-ni oi heng; if just when you are starting off in
hio° hek ? Since you have not been doing any- high spirits to do something he puts a stop to
that is called spoiling the pleasure. ngp
thing, why are you so tired ? nang pe° au it,
khiin-hek khun-hek after being ill, one is very tieh i u kai si-hau cp lai cii ho do it
heng-.'iin ;
;
kia" kau hu-kp nang li khun, when it happens that he is in good spirits, and
easily wearied.
it will be all right.
be li hek when we had travelled to that point,
;
the people were weary and the horses exhaust- 18 Punishment

heng ; legal torture ;
ed, chia" hiah hek ce let us rest awhile.
to chiu-kha-e hiah hek; resting under a tree.
;
ÎJ 206 4 inimical to.
siu heng to receive punishment.
; hSng-hwt ;
— heng — punishment. heng huap; the penal code,

ngiara heng; severe punishments. eng tSng
^ffin heng 134 To give rise to; to start; heng; inflict a heavy punishment, kia" heng;
>r^ 205 9 to prosper, carry the sentence into effect. kim-jit kia"
heng cai ; getting on finely. heng long ;
to hdng this is the day for the execution.
;
ra
flourish. heng-long cai great worldly
si-kai ; eng heng i to m
cio ; without torture hekheng
prosperity. heng-uang prosperous, i ke lai ;
will not own
ce eng heng i cu cio aa
it. ;
Bim si heng-iiang; his family is very prosper- soon he was tortured he confessed. poih jl
ous, ti-tiang-si heng kang ? When will you heng-khak the horoscope is inimical.
;
i no
begin the work ? heng-seng ;

abundant. un- nang siang heng ; the two are at swords points.
khi heng ; luck is favorable. kau ci'-ko lai ai"
69 Form;
tong-heng lio ;
it going to flourish from
is L^ heng aspect; shape; visage;
this time on. heng ke lip ngiap prosperous ;
206 4 contour,
families found estates. bp hSng bo siang ; without form or likeness,
bp hgng-siang ho thoi"; without visible shape,
heng 130 The thorax the breast. ; heng-mfiu"; heng-iong the general appearance, ;
214 6 heng-c6i"; heng-kua°-c6i°; hdng-iong chut lai sio cai ; his appearance is
the chest, php to heng-kua"-c6i°; clasp to the very similar. kak-kak u kai heng-si; each
breast. sim-heng ho has a good disposition. ;
has his peculiar aspect. heng-thoi ; the
Bim-heng khuah-toa; of generous disposition, visible substance. heng-sie°; the visible
heng-keh the diaphragm. ; heng-keh tie"- likeness, u hSng b6 heng; real and spiritual ;
tie°; a stricture or weight in the diaphragm. visible and invisible; natural and supernatural;
13(5 DlCTIONAUr OF THE SWATOW DIALKCT.
evident and unfounded. hSng-ciah khd-gl ;

heng 61
Dislike, hate, aversion.
the evidences are doubtful.
heng showed his true character. ue i kî
pi" cliut cin tt 951 12 ua heng i ; I dislike him.
; cliua nAng heng; leads to dislike, heng kau i
li§ng-t6 drew a map of it.
;
sua" heng se" l&i
khung kot dislike him thoroughly.
; lin bd
chin-chie" pit k6 the contour of the mountain
;
heng i; we do not dislike him. heng boi tit
is likethat of a pen rack. sien ak cu po ju hiah ; an unconquerable aversion. uuiig sieh
ia° suihgng ; the rewards of righteousness and i to m pa le, cO fl heng i ? When we have been
the desertM of wickedness follow them as the so kind that we could not do enough for him,
shadow follows the substance, i k&i min Q clAe how can it be that wo dislike him. ce thoi"
heng; he has a smiling face. hue seng heng ; ciu heng; hated him as soou as I saw him.
not yet shapen. ti k&i nang hOng; has a human
shape, i kai mIn se" l&i ak
heng his face has ;
— hi —
a wicked look. fa h€ng fa 8ie°; a wild aspect.
hi ns Joy arising from divine bles-
U
^^
elements
h6ng
207
144 The
hue bak kim th(5; the five
fire, wood, metal, and
are water,
elements. ngChSngsI H-f 178 12
khiong-lio sin hi
sings,
you on this new joy.

I respectfully congratulate
;
sin hi toa" pLien ; a

earth. thdi" ng6 hfing tell fortunes. card bearing congratulations.
ng6 ;
hSng siang se" siang khak k&i tQ-H si chim- h.u; 60

the doctrine of mutual reproduction and ex- hi Rare ; infrequent ; to wait in
tinction the elements 176 4 expectation,
among is very abstra.se.
t<5 hi-nio"; is waiting in ex-
hi-mo"; hope.
144 Conduct; behavior; ac- pectation, hi-khl raie; curious. hi-cie;few.
yt—f^ h6ng ;
14 207 tions. hi-hang; seldom, hi-haugcfti; very infrequent.

tek hSng ;
virtaous conduct.
tek tt hSng fi
kfti iiftng ;
a man of character.
k&i nd,ng ci hi-seng Victims offered in sac-
k&i pin-heng cia" phki ; this man's character is 177 rifice.
irreproachable. tSu heng chim ; skilled in ci-su t-6

tMig kai hi-seng si lla'-tleh k&i there ;'
Buddhist tricks. ci kfti nangnio-chu heng; is a fixed rule concerning the animals that are
this person is of a thievish disposition, cf kfti offered in sacrifice.
nftiig kS,i heng si hd a m
hd? Does this person
hi 115
conduct himself properly or not? ele" t<5 -îG Sparse ; sleazy ; not close and
heng ;
to contemplate suicide. TiW 177 7 thick.
hi-lang; sleazy, hi-hi lang-lang; full of inter-
hong 61 Fortunate
lucky happily. ; ;
stices, thdi" tieh hi-lang, c&k; I consider itm
208 heng tit happily succeeded
6 ; very sleazy, and thin. hi-so spar.se. hi-hi ;
in. heng tit i Ifti ; luckily he came. ke mng n6 ; scattered far apart. pin b&k ce, mai° pin
put heng ; domestic affliction. i
put hSng t(5 khah hi ; plait them thicker, do not weave it
mla"; he is unhappily not to be long lived. thi° too loose and open. ci kai sak-pin khah hi ;
put hSng tang hwn si iS heng ; cheer in the this fine comb has the teeth too far
apart. i
midst of misfortune, heng b6i ti mla"; luckily kai thau-mo° hi-hi; his hair is very thin, che"
does not involve life, sng si bwn hSng ; deem- hi-hi ; the stars are scattered here and there,
ed it very fortunate. mue" mai" pu khah kjit, pu hi c5 ; do not make
the congee too thick, make it rather thin,
^ 209
75 Prunes, almonds, and plums.
8
heng
heng-jin almonds. heng-
jin tg an emulgent tea made from almonds,
;
;
hi 30 The sound of merriment.

pii
chph hi-hi k&i mue"; make some very thin gruel.
ngun heng the nuts of the gingko.

;
tiam- I=»178 12 hi-hi clue to laugh merrily, ;
heng, kh6-heng sweet almonds and bitter

;
chie hi-hi; laugh aloud. ki° tieh nang to si hi-
almonds. hi chie; laughs whenever he sees any one. thia'
tieh chie hi-hi laughs out when he hears it.
;
hgng Surfeited 184

glutted filled.
m
; ;
1128 4 ciah kau heng have eaten ;

hi 181 The name of the 27th dia-
it till I loathe it. tng-tng ciah ci kai, ciah lio 276 7 gram, denoting to feed,
heng cSi ; have eaten this every meal, until I cek peh hiie kie-cp khi-hi ; one a hundred years
am sick of it. ciah kau bue ciah th6i° tieh cQ old is called a centenarian. pok kai khue si
Boi° heng have taken it so often that as soon
;
hi khhe ; cast and threw the 27th diagram in
as I bee it my stomach turns against it. divination.
hf 30 consequences are serious. hd a xn6 si kwn-hl

Y^' Joy ; delight ; glad ; pleased
to ci cak su; whether the results be good or ill
"S* 180 "9 with.
hua°- hi; hf-hua°; pleased. hf su; a joyful depends on this portion of the bu.siness. oi a
occasion, hi iong a happy face. hi'-khi boi si kwn-hi to ci kai nang whether it can bo ;
; ;
cheerful. u hi sek ; has a happy look. done or not depends on this person. jieh coi
kong
hi] kiong hi wish you happy new-year.
;
kio na,ng kai se"-mia" si kwn-hi to ci ku ue many ;
i hua"- hi; congratulate him. hi'-lak delight, ;

persons lives depend upon these words, kwn-
hi hah po kai su; involves the business of the
hi'-hi lak-lak blissful, pp hi bring good tid-
; ;
ho hi news, sim hii sim si whole mart.

ings, signal good
—
;
hua"-hr; hua°-hi to sim ISi; is pleased at heart. hi" —

hua"-hi ciah ci ie" much enjoys eating this. ;
hi chut mo" gua ; joy beyond all expectation. To sprinkle with a liquid,
hi" cui ;
to sprinkle with
re-^ hi 62 A theatrical performance. water.
/Sa( 180 13 CO hi°; to perform a play.
h\
the platform for a play, hi sie"; the boxes To fling with a sudden jerk ;
hi" 64
pe° ;
12 to shake off.
721
holding the costumes of the players, hi pang; hi" khui cast aside. chiu hi" cheng-khih ;
a theatrical company. cek pang hi-ki'a"; a ;
kio cek pang hi; call a

of actors.
shake your hands clean of it. hi" tio eng-
company
company of players. toa pang hi a first-rate ;
tdng ; shake off the dust. chau-chieh hi"
company of performers. hi-kieh an actor, ;

cheng-khih ; shake the mat clean. hi" kaa i
hi toa"; an actor who performs female parts,

cek sin ciii ; shook himself and spattered the
hi phaa co hi kai hok-sek costumes. hi water all hi" mSng to shake out a
over her. ;
; ;
food. thoi" see a sie

net. i khu
khut i hi" puah loh khu he
ki" i, ;
pfig dry
; hi; play.
tau hi rival performances. thio-hi i takes
went to see him, and was shoved aside by him
i hi" chiu, m
; ;
so rudely that he fell down.
liberties with him. hi-long i ; makes game
of him. CO pa-hi ; perform sleight of hand kheng li he flirted his hands as a sign that he
;
tricks. ia" hi shadow pictures. cha- would do nothing about it. sa"-ng hi" tit, co i
;
thS,u hi a play with wooden puppets. a-no"- khu straightened his sleeves with a flirt, and
;
;
ki'a" hi; a play performed by children.

went off. sa" tieh hi" tit, khut i phak, cia"
peh ji
a boi jio the clothes must be shaken and snap-
hi a play in the local dialect.
;
cia" ji hi ;
;
ped they are straight, then when dried

till
play in the court dialect. lang-thang hi ; a
hi" kau hng-hng
they will not be wrinkled.
play in which the actors speak in a language
rot easily understood. loh khu shook it off so violently that it was
gua kang ki a play ;
;
flung to a great distance, hi" gS to snap and

in which the actors speak a foreign language, ;
hi-thai the stage. hi kwn a theatre. cek shake the jaws, as after tasting something that
; ;
is offensive. nio-ho" kS, si-kang-kia" hi" ge;

chut hi; one play, thoi" hi ngo tieh nang toa"
thia" ko, ngp tieh nang phai ci"; arriving at
a tiger snapping his jaws after biting into a
i°,
a play just at the final act, or at a story-teller's castaway infant. cek tng cu hi" ge; if he puts
his nose in it once he will not want to do it a
just as the collection is being taken.
second time.
SC^ hi 120 A succession, as in a family.

181 ch§ kai hi ; examine
The string of a bow.
hi" 57
y^|S 1 i si
his genealogy. si hi sie tang ; of the same 197 keng hi"; keng cie" hi"; the
6
string of a bow. phah cek tio ho-hd kai keng
geneaiogy.
hi" lai kah ci kai keng make a good bow-string ;
hi 64 To conduct to take along. for this bow. kia" keng-hi" pi kia" keng-pii
JFgb ;
kHn hph coi ; it is much nearer if you follow

IJ^ to thi-hi; it is he who
179 10 si i
makes the recommendation. hi-toa mueh- the diameter rather than the circumference of
kia"; to trail something after one.
the circle.
Aî hi 9 To connect with what is ^^° i^ '^ stringed instrument of

181 before.
^X>
\7\\ 7 AI?1^ 197 5 music.
kwn-hi ; ;
what follows in con-
consequences sa"-hi"; a three stringed guitar. toa" sa"-hi°;
nection, su u toa kwn-hi this affair
ci kia" ; thrum on a play the violin.
guitar. ku hi";
has important connections. kwn-hi si soi m ; ji-hi°; a rebeck with two strings. mia"-ke ku
the results are not small, kwn-hi si tang the ; ji-hi"; skillful in playing the rebeck. gueh-hi°;
a round guitar. hi" sua" tng khu the string ;

shell. pu-hia; a dipper made from a gourd-
of the fiddle has broken. cSk ki hi"; a one shell, cha pu-hia; a broad, flat, wooden dip-
hi" soi" hua hd ; atune first hia no hia sie ciii dip up two dipperf ula
stringed fiddle. per, ;
the instrument, i ka-ki oi ku hi" lî hua i ka- of hot water.

ki kai khek ; he can accompany his own songs
on the viol. hia 2 hia-thSu; hia-hwn a young
nnr hi" 128 The ear; the organ of

T 1066 2 slave girl.
;
^-*-l* 720 hearing a handle, ; Bootfl.

hi" kliang ; the aperture
hi" thia"; ear-ache. ^\U 229 4 cien hia; soldiers' boots,
of the ear. hi" sai ; ear wax. kau hi"; to pang th&u hia square toed boots.
; tng hia ;
scrape the ear passages. kau tio hi°-sai ; to satin boots. p6 hia cloth boots. ciii hia
; ;
dig the wax out of the car. hi" tiii ; the lobe boots for wet weather, cek sang hia; a pair of
of the ear. hi" to tlie ear. hi" ki'a" mng ;
; boots. c§k ciah hia one boot. hia thang ;
;
the outer ear. ua chin hi" thia°-k\"; I heard hia ang ; boot-leg. hia th&u the toe of a boot, ;
it with my own ears. hi" lang ; deaf. l&u keh hia p6 cie like scratching your leg
;
hi" lang-k6i ; to have matter exude from the through your boot, unsatisfactory. thng tio
hi" kau car-rings of a hooked shape,
.ear. ;
hia; take off your boots. cheng hia put on ;
hi" hwn ; ear-rings. kua hi" kau ;

wears ear- or wear boots. hia ciam di ; shoes, like boots
III"; to pierce the ears.
chng hi without legs.
rings,
kau-tlmi the drops attached to an ear-ring,
;
thong hwn hi" kau ; an ear-ring with a pendant Those that ; what. ;
ring. sun huang hi"; an ear that detects a Til'* ^510 4 hfa ka.i s! sim-mueh ? What
favorable wind. choi" li ngan, bwn li hi"; are those things ? hfa nang long-cdng chut
eyes that see a thousand miles, and ears
that khu those people have all gone out.
; hia bI
hear ten thousand miles ; the two attendants c6-ni le"? In what condition is that one P
of the Queen of Heaven. hi" Ifti cJii has ;
sharp ears. sak hi" khang ; to plug up the 173 Red haze or colored clouds.
h!a
ears. a" hi" khang; to cover the ears with 9 182
hiin hia red clouds. chai ;
the hands. hi" khang sak chau ciia, raai' hia; lurid haze, jit-than cie" 16h kai si-hau e-
khu thia" i ; stuff your ears with brown paper, e th6i"-tieh hia-kuang bwn tSu; at sunrise and
and do not heed him. ci'a ue ce thia" cu tieh sunset one frequently sees the bright rays
soi" hi"; after hearing this talk one should shining in all directions.
wash his ears, hi" niak chiii phi" se" lai long-
cong ngfa; all his features are handsome. hi hia 162 Distant, remote, far off.
choi"; an ear-broom. uai hi"; to clean out the 182 9 hd jit si mong huang- ti seng-
ears. kuah tio hi"; to cut off the ears. cai hia kai jit-cf ;
that the day on which a certain
is
hi" ci"; wear an arrow through the ear as a emperor departed this
life. hia-huang kai ti-
punishment. hi" pe ; an ear- rake. pit-po ling ;
unknown desert regions.
hi"; bat-eared. hi" p6 kham-khara ; lop eared,
hi" khia-khia tiam-tiara thia"; ears alert listen- hia flaw a defect.
96 A ;
ing intently. ue hi"; ho" the ears of a pot. 9 bo hia ; flawless.

183 bo ti'am
hi" chau ; the strawberry geranium. iS cek hia ; without defect. peh gek bo hia white ;
khi ci" bo, u no kai hi" ho kham hi"; there is a bo hia put
jade has no flaw ; spotless purity.
sort of felt cap with tabs to cover the ears,
seng gek ; there is no gem without a flaw, ci
hi" cim a pillow having a hollow for the ear.
; kai mak-k\a" khah se" hia, ci tiam hia tii-tii
tia"- kia" hi" the ears of an iron pan.
; sang se" to tin-tang, bo eng ; these spectacles have
poi" CO no kai hi" hd khieh make eara on the ; too many flaws in them, here is one exactly in
two sides to hold it by. ai" liah ngio to si the middle, rendering them useless. ci kai
kua" i kai hi" io coi in catching a kitten one
; kia" ho c3.i, tng tiam hia ; this lens is very fine,
generally holds it up by the ears. and without flaw.
— hia — hia 72 Leisure relaxa-
; unoccupied ;
ÎfT hia 97 A dipper with a short

flat }rX 184 9 tion.
>gpV 683 11 handle; to dip with a flat 6i°-hia; at leisure. bp mih 6i°-hia has not ;
dipper. much leisure, m hia chiim khiu ;

no leisure to
ge-cf hia ;
a dipper made from a cocoa-nut inquire deeply.
98
cousins of different surnames. ciiang hia" ti ;
hta Tilea.
npf* hia" ti ; men of the
^^ 183
thick tiles. kSa
thin tiles.
sihia pi" hia ;
tiles for the edge of the
hia
;
second cousins. cok
same clan, tang pau hia" ti ; sons of the same
iSi
;
father and mother. i b(5 hia" ti brothers
roof. chu hia; tiles for roofing houses. hia ;
convex tiles, hia; to lay tiles, hia

having the same father, but not the same
thang; pho mother. tek su hia" ti ; sons of the chief and
pho lai bak-bak the tiles are laid very close,
tang ni hia" ti friends
;
of the inferior wife. ;
hia pho khah hi the tiles are laid too far
;
born in the same year, or men who would have
apart. been married to each other had they not been
^ of the same sex. meng hia" ti; brethren of the
|/" Lower; to lower ; near.
hia 1
same creed. sia hia" ti ; hue hia" ti ; brethren
1^ 2 hia pin kai nang
183 the lower ;
of the same sect. ngi hia" ti brothers by ;
classes. hia lia ; the baser sort. in sio-li hia

adoption. ua" thiap hia" ti ; brothers by
mng; do not hesitate to ask yonr inferiors, exchange of cards bearing dates of birth days,
hia chi'a; to begin to act; to lay hand upon, ua" hia" ti; fellow-graduates, ni hia" tl ; those
rli ka° hia chin; dared not put his hand to it.
who in the same year attain a literary degree
i lai hia cien-cu ; he sends a challenge. si hia
li hia i
higher than the first. sai hia" ti ; fellow-
bo nang there was no one about.
apprentices, su hia" ti; those of the same craft,
;
nang pit u so khiu when one is treated with

;
khoi CO hia" ti made brothers by a contract,
;
be asked
great deference, some favor is soon to hia" ti kua"; officials of the same rank. ngo
from him. ci kia" ieh oi hia khi this sort ;
hia"; I, your unworthy elder brother. leng

of medicine is sedative. Ma-teng kai nang hia"; your elder brother. ke hia"; my elder
m-ho pi siang-teng kai nang the lower classes
pe hia"; father's elder brother, hia"
;
brothel*,
of people are not to be put in comparison with soi" hia";
s(5 ;
elder brother's wife. your
the higher.
departed brother, hue; seniors, a-hia"
a-hia'*
hue, kia" khui ce get out of the way there,

;
hia 142 The ant. brethren. u kai a-hia" nang to kia"; an

279 13 peh hia white ants. kau
;
elderly man was going along. hia" thai ;
hia the tall ant.
; ; ng-si hia small red ants, laa hia" thai ; honorable Sir. hia" cfang ;
pue hia the winged ant. hia kong ; hia ang ;

respected friends, used as an address in writ-
;
the queen or leader among the ants. hia tau;

ing, khong huang hia"; the brother with
ants' nests, hia tin ; the lines of ants, peh hia the square hole, a cash. hia" miie ; brother
cue ; the roads made by white ants, hia to pe ; and a Mr. Un.
sister, lin hia"; mong a-hia";
the ant is crawling, khut hia nih tieh ; bitten that man. a-hia"? What are
lu kie-co mih
by an ant. ng-si-hia cie° pak-kia"; an ant go- you called Sir ? nin a hia" hue to co mih su ?
ing up to Peking ; it is unlikely that the goal What are your men-folks doing? toa hia",
will soon be reached, hia to cng the ants are eldest and next to the eldest
ji hia"; the
;
eating it. kiu hia to preserve the life of an

; brother.
ant. pgh-thng se" hia the sugar has ants in ;
it. hu cek koi" chu 6i cie° hia a boi ? Is that

house infested by ants ? mai" se" ciii hia cu hia" 148 To push sidewise with the
ho if it is neither damp nor infested by ants it
;
99 13 horns,
will do. cek sie" mueh co ce klmt peh hia cii khut gu hia" tieh ;
hooked by an ox. ci ciah
tio; the whole box of things has been devoured gu oi hi'a" nang ;
this ox is apt to hit people
by the white ants. hia tieh cai toh tio you ;

with its horns.
must be careful to pick out the ants. jio tio
hia; drive out the ants. kha tio hia ; drive 64 To widen to open out.
hia" ;
away the ants by tapping the dish.

tit^
Iu( 3 6 hia" khui khut i phak; open
— hia" — it up to the sun. khui hia"-hia" to la opened
out fully for airing. nin kai mng co-ni khui
;
Lfl hia" 10 An elder brother ;

a senior ; kau hia"-hia" ? Why are all your doors thrown
>û 3 used after names as a term
213 wide open ? lie ta" lio, hia"- hia" khui having ;
of respect, like Mr. spoken about it, he continued to expatiate

hi" ti brothers.;
hia" ti kia"; little brothers, upon it. kun-su hia" co no poi", tin-tang
chin hia" ti ; own brothers. thang hia" kai toa phau cii bii khu the troops defiled to ;
ti ; cousins, sons of brothers. 1

pie hia" ti ;
either side, and the great canon in the middle
cousins, sons of sisters. pie hia" ti ; male volleyed forth.
late. b6 kp h<5 hiah kha no resting place for ;
744 12 the foot. hue sie m hiah the fire kept burn-
/%y^ fire. ;
hue ing unceasingly. hiie tph bue hiah; the fire

tieh hia"thong-long thong-long ; lay the
fire in such a way that there will be plenty of
has not yet ceased to blaze.
fuel with spaces for draught between, khiam
hiah 60 Official underlings and
cha, hia" phiia can; lacking wood, (one cannot) ^JTy
lJ%- 1095 4 attendants government
make the fire so hot as to crack the furnace, ;
service; to minister to.

jwn hia", hia" rli sek ; however much fuel I put che hiah a constable or p>oliceman. ge hiah ;
on, I can't make the fire hot enough to cook
;
a runner about the public courts. pfi hiah ; a

it. hia" ciii lai 66i-6k ; heat water for bathing,
sergeant. thaa hiah, siia" hiah ; the bead
miieh-hia"; fuel. toh choh raiieh-hia" \ki h!a";
take some fuel and put it on the fire. sergeant and his second. cua"-hiah ; menials,
cla" mia", cia hiah to attain distinction.
;
fl
m 206
ishraents.
18
hia"
4
Criminal jurisprudence.
hia" p5 ; the Board of Pun.
hia" p5 8le"-cu; the President of the
mia" a hiah kai nftng; a person of reputation,
cong jit hiah-hiah, to nl
ku II tla"-tia"; inces-
santly at work, with no regard for ought but
ciu jit hiah-hiah, b6 si 6i"; drudges all
Board of Punishments. hia" p&ng a-piin ; a gain,
clerk in the criminal courts. hia" mia" su-ia ; day without repose. sa" pang nftng-hiah, cek
a counsellor in criminal cases in the local pang chui ci"-nie k&i, cek pang si liah ch&k
si
courts. kai, cek pang

si If ua" kla" cAp su kai ; there
are three classes of official underlings, one
lA hia" 140 moxa. class is made up of those who collect the taxes,
Mugwort ;
>/^ 620 2 chah

wear sprigs of
hia"; to one of those who catch thieves, and one of
mugwort in the hair. hia" jong moxa punk, ;
those who attend to all sorts of law cases.
io biie ceng mang tieh hia" t5 ko has not yet ;
come any where near carrying out the project, hiah 181 The forehead; a fixed
^1^
hd cang hia" khu soi cu h(5 it will get woU if ;
J^ 9 number or quantity,
628
th&u hiah ; the forehead. hiah kuk the
you bathe it with mugwort. ;
protuberances on the forehead. pin hiah ; a

— hiah — tablet. khftp thau khap hiah ; to kneel and
m
kang knock
;
hiah
195
76
9
off
To
hiah sek
work.
stop, cease, rest, or pause.
;
to repose.
hiah
hiah
cii ;
to cease,
knock the head on the ground.
thing,
one.
cQang thfta
cQang hiah ; to beat the head against some-
tia" thau khup hiah ; to come across
hiah gua ; over and above the fixed
hiah kha cease
moving the feet.
; hiah chi'u ;
cease doing what is being done with the hands, amount. hiah s\o; the fixed number. 6i
hiah kheh a guest at an inn. hiah tiam

khueh hiah a b6i ? Is there any vacancy in the
; ;
number ? khok hiah ; a large full forehead.
stop at an inn. hiah hek ce rest a moment, ;
hiah khim-kla"; stop a

sa" jit
little while.
stop for two or three days.

;
hiah n6
hiah tlo
— hiam —
khang-khiie ; stop work. seng-li hiah ngiap; 'v/i hiam 160
Peppery pungent acrid. ; ;
has given up the business. ta" hiah ; talk m -
I
*
806 hi hiam ; it has a pungent
without ceasing. iii
kheng hiah ; would not flavor, hiam-cie red pepper, mai" loh khah
;
stop. hiah ta"; put down the load. to i kp hiam do not put in too much pepper. ci le"
;
hiah cek me"; stopped with him one night, khah hiam, thhu tiam ce; this sort has too sharp
hiah kau ta° jieh kii ? How long since they a taste ; make it a little sweeter. bl so hiam-
stopped ? hiah ce cii tieh cai cp ; after stop- luah ; the flavor is very pungent. sng hiam
ping a moment, must go on working at it. ci'o tiam ; a spicy acidulated sweetness.
hiah to chiu teng birds perch in the trees,
;
hiah-tiam; to halt, hiah juah ; rest on account j^^^ hiam

170 Dangerous ; in jeopardy ;
of heat. chia" hiah cek e please stop a mo- 200 13" on the verge of.
; ")(a
ment, hvvn-lio bOe hiah have not yet stop-
;
huang-hiam dangerous; insecure, hiam-hfam
;
hi hiah pe" a bQe ? Is the

ped, performance puah loh khu; was in imminent danger of
over yet ? hiah ko lio ; the performance is i ci tng pe" kau hiam-hiam si in this
falling, ;
finished, hiah tau take a nooning, hiah h5;

;
relapse, he was at the point of death. ci tlo
when the rain ceases. ca cp, ca hiah, mang iQ liiam ;
this road is dangerous. ngui-hiam ;
cp li mang hiah if you

begin early you will
;
perilous. ISng-hi'am reckless of danger,
;
stop early, but if you begin late you will stop hau" iSng-hiam ;
likes to rash into danger, i
un-iin kai su to m c6, mng liau" lang-hfara he ;

hiang J80 To reverberate to sound
^Ît ; ;
never will do what is safe, but always seeks p^" 189 13 an echo ;
noise,
what is hazardous. i cek se" bo kia" hi'aru 16, cek sia" hiang one clap.
8ia"-im hfang-llang
; ;
to si kia° un-tang kai su all his life he has ; it resounds. hiang-hi'ang liang-liang; rever-
never goue into danger, but has done what was berating, i kai lie ta" Ifti bp mih hiang-llang ;
perfectly safe, hi'am ceng; dangerous diseases. his voice has very little volume. phong-phie
ci kai nang sim si im-hiam this person is very ;
hiang ; the sound of fire-crackers. cheng
scheming. mSu" hi'ara looks wicked, hiam- ;
hiang ; the sound of guns. toa phau hiang ;
haam tieh came very near hitting it. ci kia" the sound of cannon ; cannonading, ko hiang ;
;
BU khah hiara, m-hp co this is too dangerous,

; the sound of drums, ceng hue hiang the bell ;
do not do it. has not yet rung. ci kai si-ceng boi hiang;
this clock does not strike. pliah hiang ; m
hiam38 To find fault with ; to dis- does not resound when struck, piin rn hiang;
197 10 like to depreciate, ;
does not sound when blown. cui hiang the ;
hiap-hiam ; to be prejudiced. i ce hiap-hiam sound of waters. peng bp ia" hiang neither ;
cu ta° kau i jieh m

hp he is prejudiced and ;
sound nor shadow nothing to be seen nor ;
so tells how bad he is. sim chut i si hlap- heard. hiang be ckak mounted banditti, ;
hiara kai judged that he was prejudiced.

;
si
sng si ia" hiang kai lie this is mere idle talk,
;
ch6ng-c6i" li hiam-khiah there was a previous ;

sia" hiang cai it sounds out loudly.
; khap
i sim lai huai u coi" jit kai kiam- hiang thau importunately you can hear my
grudge. ; ;
khiah to kp he cherishes an old grudge.

; pi head as it knocks. hiang eng si ci-kp c5
hiam-gi; avoid an appearance of evil. Iti mai" hiang, hu-kp cu in an echo, is the response
;
khi-hiam; do not be offended, lu a siu cu si m from there to a sound made here.

khi-hiam if you do not accept it, it is because
;
hiam m ngi'a find fault f=» hiang 8 To enjoy to receive grate-

you are offended. i ;
;
with its lack of beauty, lu mai" hiam do not

lu tieh hp hiam i you should
; -^ 189 6 fully.
hiang hok; to enjoy happiness; to receive bless-
be fastidious. ;
reprove him. ci'a hwn-lfo Ip hiam ; is still ings, hiang siu jieh coi hue ? How long did
i si m
he live ? Q hok m hp cin hiang; it is not well
expressing dissatisfaction with this.
hio kui-ku, lu tieh cai hiam i he is unman- ;
to run through all your pleasures. hiang hok
i to hiam
cSi very highly favored of the gods, bue pat
nerly, and you should reprove him.
;
cie° hiam hie° he finds fault with everything,

;
hiang tieh hok he has never had any happiness.
;
i khut i hiam tieh m su-hok; he does not submit

^M^ hiang 184 To entertain guests.
to being found fault with by her. cp kau mih
^^^ 189 Ts" len-hiang pin-kheh; invite
nang bp hiam ; do so well that none can find guests to a formal banquet. hiiam cok-bun
fault with you. bo nang ka" hiam no one ;
kau hu biie to si ta" " siang-hiang" " still ;
dared find any fault with it. cia kang-hu,
come to the sacrifice " is written at the end of
sit-cSi b6 kp hp hiam this work is certainly
; all prayers.
i no nang bp hiam bp
beyond criticism.
khiah the two never get offended with each
; I P|t hiang 30 Facing towards hitherto ; ; ;
other. I'TJ 190 3 inclining to flaring, ;
— hiang — hiang tang a hiang sai ? Does it face the east

or the west ? hiang lam hp kiie hiang pak ;
163 it is better to face the south rather than the

hiang Pertaining to the country.
one belong- north, niin hiang hie" p6i°; his face is turned
18910 hiang chin ;
the other way. no koi° chu sie hiang the

ing to one's own village. kak chu kî hiang ;
th&m mtang ; the dialect of different places

two houses face each other. hiang lai m pat
is different. hiang pa-lau a countrified ;
thoi^-ki"; hitherto I have not seen it. cek
old man. hiang m pat thia''-ki" sie-sit ; for a while past
nothing has been heard from him. ai" eng
hiang 186 Odor, perfume, aroma; sim-mih hng-hiang ? ai° eng sim-mih hng-hie"?
188 reputable, What sort of location is desirable ? i si
hiang
hiang-khi odor. ;
u hiang-thslu has an odor. ;
lu ta" a si hiang i ta"? Is he inclined to heed
b6 sim-mih hiang-thau has very little aroma,;
what you say or what she says ? si hiang ua
cu hiang ke a literary family.
;
in u4ng ta" kai ;
he is inclined to my view of the case.
u cu hiang; those people have a literary leng-ua° iit ji hiang ; change the direction so as
reputation. to face another point of the compass. ji-cap-
81 hiang ; the twentj-four points of compass, — hiap —

ji-cap-si hiang sui n^ng hiang one may face ;
hlap 80 To rhyme
to harmonize.
p-I-* ;
any point of the compass. to cai ai°

hiang tl- "^
I 195 hiap un to form a rhyme,
2
kp ho do not know which way it would be
;
cf kai jl loh khu r7i

hiap un this letter does
;
;
well to face. lu thoi" i kai sira il hiang ua not form a rhyme with the others. ci kai jl
a bo ? Do you think his regard is directed tieh thftk hlap irn this letter must be so read
toward me ?
;
hiang coi" khu jio i go ahead ; OS to make its sound rhyme with that of the
and overtake him. chia" nang hiang c6i'' l&i
others.
ta" ue call upon a person to come forward and
;
speak. m ho kdi su mai" hiang c6i°; do not hiap To bring into accord; joint;
24
go forward in a bad business. min rain sie 195
6 united in.
hiang facing each other.
; hiang tiii c.i-'k.b tang sim, hiap lak ; of one mind and acting in
khu; go in this direction. i k&i chiii khah concert, t&i-ke hiap-lak khu cp ; all join your
hiang mouth is too flaring.
;
its chui hiang- forces and go and do it. hiap phoi" tfi.i-hak-
hiang; a very flaring mouth. chQe kai chui hQ ; an assistant cabinet minister.
hiap-thfti ;
mai" khah hiang kfii seek for one tliat has not
; hiap- tin; a colonel, usually in charge of a
too flaring a mouth. khui-hue hiang jit ; the garrison.
sunflower turns toward the sun. mng-ia.u sie
hiang; their doors are opposite each other, hiap The flanks ; the sides ; to
180
hiang tui hu Su ko khu; turned toward the 195 6
intimidate,
after part. i kai min hiang tQ hu toi, th<5i°- hiap-e ; the space on the sides of the human
m-ki°; his face is turned toward the inner side, trunk under the arms, pek-hiap ; to overawe,
and he does not see. i c6 phu klii lui thi° e hiap khwn-si ; overpower. cang ui-si hiap i
;
kfti nang 16ng-16ng hiang-eng as soon as he ;

used his influence to intimidate him.
becames prominent, all in the empire turned to
him. hiap 37 To press between two.
hiang pue to incline toward or from.
;
8U sdng a m sC-.ng si td n&ng sim k&i hiang pQe 356 4 hiap kong ;
to attack on
ko cu h(5 thoi" chut whether the thing will be both sides, hiap toa sai hue ; goods smuggled
;
iu the girdle, hiap toa; to conceal in the girdle.
accomplished or not, may be discovered by ob-
servation of the inclinations of people's minds.
|H|
hiang 184 Taxes; duties; excise; fixed
irt
190 6 allowances.
^ hiap
356
7
To cherish or harbour.
64
hiap hiam; cherish prejudice,
hiap hun ; cherish dislike, hiap chia harbour ;
enmity. hiap ci i prevent him from appeal-

;
pia° hiang the pay and allowances of soldiers,
;
kun hiang ; rations for troops. nlo hiang ing by threats of consequences.
;
revenue ; moneys received for the land tax

coramissai'iat funds. ciah hiang rations al-
lowances for food. 61 ciah cheng hiang a si ciah
keng-ci° hiang ? Does he live upon the pay of a
; ;
;
m
kiam hiap
hlap
356
;
9
7
Ready
cause,
to maintain another's
a sword which aids a friend in

.
need. hiap kheh ;

a supernatural advocate,
gunner or of an archer ? lia si ciah be hiang ;
hau-hiap ; a hero.
1 receive pay as a calvalry soldier, hiang kwn;
a custom house, lap hiang; to pay duties, siie >//i^ Blended in views or
Vnit hiap-ciap
hiang ; collect taxes. hiang ngun ; the money iri !>% 976 feelings,
paid or received as duty. cie° hiang; enter for hiap-ciap hiap-hiap ciap-ciap making an un-
; ;
examination at the custom house. po hiang ; broken story or circuit pervading. kk-hiio ;
inform as to the amount due as excise duty,

hiah-ciap ; imbued with these teachings.
hiang toa°; a certificate that duty has been
cau hiang che hiang ;
to
— hie" —
m
paid. smuggle. ;
examine the articles subject to duty. phah hie" 163 A village.

hiang ; levy duties. hiang bii ; the business 189 10 hie°-li; a village, hie'
of one in the custom's service. thiu hiang ; chng; a hamlet; an unwalled village, hie" to;
assess the amount of duty. kue hiang ; pass in the villages. hie" e ; hie" kang ;
in the
the custom house examination. khieh hiang ; country. a neighborhood.
hie"-lin tSng
;
to collect duties, hiang tng; a licensed pawn- hie"-li belonging to the same village.
;
ku
shop, hiang-kwn kai Sue-bu-si ; the Commis- hie"; the village where one formerly lived :
sioner of Customs. hiang-kwn toa sia; the one's native village, keh hie"; the next village.
chief clerk in the custom house. lin-kuQ hie"; neighboring villages. loh hie"|
DICTIONARY OF THB SWATOW DIALECT. 143
go into the country. m6''-ki'' ke-liie"; look hie" tSng ; a miniature temple erected over the
from afar upon his native phice. hie" njin; incense urns, hie" lang a box for perfumery,
;
vilhigers country people.

;
hie" lau a village ;
hie" in; the smoke from burning incense, hie"
elder, hie" sin; country gentlemen. p£g hie"; hue; an amulet made with ashes taken from
one's own village. keh cek kai hie"; the ad- the censer of some god. hie" teng c\ ngiap ;
joining village. hie°-e nang; hie" kang nang ; property of which the income must be used in
ku hie" nang; country people. i hie";
strange the worship of ancestors. hie" teng pho a ;
places, gua hie"; remote places. thong hie"- shop whose possessor must offer the customary
li; throughout the village. hSm hie" iTi hau"; worship to the original owner. hie" teng
whole village was opposed to it. hie" cok ; chang a field whose owner must offer sacrifices
;
village clans. hie" tang kai sin-su village ;

to the manes of the former proprietor. hie"
gentry. kak ko kak ko kai hie" tham each ;
iu aromatic oil.
; leng-hie" iu bergamot. ;
place has its peculiar mode of speech. li hie" an-sek hie"; gum benjamin. kia" si kue sok
piet ce°; to leave home, li-khui ka-ki kai hie°- hie"; when engaged in worship, placing the
li; depart from one's own village. gu hie" be incense before the god ahead of time getting ;
]i; a village of brates ; brought up like cattle; ahead of those who were first in the market,
(said in reviling people). hue hie"; a cluster sfe-hue-hie"; caraway seeds.
of villages. phah hie"; to attack and punish
a village. W*t hie" 30 Direction; bearing; points
phoi" hie"; to adjudicate affairs in
chau hie"; to subdue rebellion by ex- I'^J 190 3 of compass,
Tillages,
tii'pating a village, chau-pe" i kai hie"; razed ji-cap-sihng-hie"; the twenty-four points of
kin-ni ci kai hng-hie" lai a m lai ?
their villages. li hie"
put li khie"; when you compass.
leave your village you do not leave your brogue, Are the bearings of this position such as to
sie pe" i kai hie"; burned their village to the promise good luck for this year ?
ground. tang hie" m
tang cok of the same ;
149 An excess ; very.
iie~
village but not of the same clan. hin-khek
i khu
228 4 hie" coi; very many,
kai hie"-li iIi ka" hai-tp ; the villages now-a-
bo khub i jip
kau hie" kii, hvvn-lio hue lai ; he has been gone
days dare not, engage in feuds. an excessively long time, and has not come
hie"; would not allow nini to settle in the vill-
even yet.
jlo chut hie"-li; ejected him from the
age,
village. hie"-li thau kau hie"-li hue jieh hng ? — hieh —
How far is it from one end of the village to hieh 181 The leaves of a book.
]^-rt
the other ? hie"-e so ; countrified ; rustic,
ji^ 194 cek hieh cu; one leaf of a
cong-jit to si to chui hie"; he frequents grog- book. than hieh the first leaf.
;
hieh ; biie
shops, hie" li hie" kui
the fixed customs of
; the last leaf. hien kiie hieh io° kiie hieh ; ;
a place. tin ci hie"-li kai kui-li si cie"-se" ; turn over a leaf. lo" ke no hieh ; turn over
such are the customs of our place. hie" ieh ; two more leaves. ci png cheh jieh coi hieh ?
boundaries of territory, and contracts between How many leaves in this book ? cheh hieh ;
villages. kak hie" kak hie" kai sok the ; the printed page. ci png cheh ii jieh coi hieh
habits of people differ in different places, hie" sio ? What is the number of pages marked in
bak ; village literati. hie" chin ; one of one's this volume ? kap ta" hieh ; mispaged in
own village. hie" kua" in kak the indorse- ;
binding. kim hieh ; gold-leaf. cheh hieh
ment of the ofl&cials of his own village. mai" kauh dO not double down the corner of
;
the leaves, hieh mai" chip-jio do not rumple ;
hie" 186 Incense odor perfume. the leaves. cek hieh cek hieh ai" khieh bak ;
^^/|^ ; ;
^^ 188 hie" lio ;

the aromatic stuffs double each sheet exactly in the middle to form
of which incense is made. hie" cha fragrant; the edge of the leaf. sia kui hieh ji wrote ;
woods, hie" buah incense powder.

; hie" 16 ; several pages, hieh cie" p6i"; the first page on
a censer. hie" ki ;
incense sticks, cek ki hie"; a leaf. hieh hie" p6i°; the last page on a leaf,
an incense stick. sie hie"; burns incense, cie" poi" hieh ; this side the leaf. hie" poi"
kia" hie"; to offer incen.se. cie" hie"; to set hieh the other side the leaf.
;
do" hieh ; the
incense sticks in place before the gods. chah previous leaf. e hieh the next leaf.
;
hie"; to insert incense sticks in the censer,

hie" ua"; incense tables in temples. hie" pau ;
hieh 140 The
leaves of plants.
scent bags, hie" cu; fragrant beads made from 1081 9 leaves of a tree,
chiu hieh ;
odoriferous wood, un hie" cha; burn aromatic tek hieh ; bamboo leaves. ki hieh ; branches
woods. phang hie"; sweet-smelling stuffs. and leaves, noi" hieh ; lotus leaves, ci" hieh ;
144 DICTIONARY OF THB SWA TOW DIALECT.
fresh new leaves, sek hleh full grown leaves. ;

Calendar, hien-th&i ; Your Honors ; (used ia
6 hieli kh&ng cui cu the taio leaves hold wa-
; addressing officers of state). tfti hien ; the
tery pearls. loh hu-h falling leaves. hwt ; high authorities. kui" hien ; the district
hieh put forth leaves.
;
to lut hJeh to shed ; magistrate. hii hien ; the prefect. tSu liien ;
leaves, ng hieh ; dry leaves, khau chiu hieh; the Intendant of Circuit. tin hien ; the chief
rake up the leaves, kirn ki ggk hieh branches ; of the military department.
of gold and leaves of jade. ngo-thong hleh
Idh thi°-e cai chiu when the catalpa ;
leaves fall,
hien 164 An offense ; a grievance ; a
it is autumn throughout the world. 205 18 cau.se of quarrel,
si i soi" kill hien ;
it was he who began th«
quarrel. tl-tiang soi" khi hien ?
8i gave Who
hien 64 To raise slightly, the first cause of offense ? bo n&ng ka" khi-
"8 ci hieh hien kue \k\ ; tarn
196 hien ;
no one dare furnish the pretext for a
over this leaf hien phfle ; pull the coverlet quarrel, cdi" tiang-si Q hien-khiah ; there waa
over one. hien liam ; turn aside the curtain, a previous grievance. chim hien ; seek occa-
as in entering a door. V^^S ^'^n khi \ki ;
sion for a quarrel. ti-kau Q hien-khiah ; led
raise the board a little. hien ili khui ; cannot to a difference. pien hien ; a grievance relat-
lift it. hien khui khut i lii ta; raise it a little ing to boundaries.
that it may dry in the air.
hien 149 To decide on judicial cases;
181 Conspicaous ;
manifest ;
to 1091 20 to
give sentence; to pro-
Mhfen
199 14 make plain, nounce judgment. hien-kek ; the court the ;
bien-khdu notable. hien-mia"; illustrious.

; assizes. hien-kek ko hI ti kai lii-wn td sim
ci ui sin 6i hion ; this god manifests himself. iia"? Which deputy-judge is trying the cases
hien-raSng ; clear. hfen-hin ; plain. hfen sin in this court p
khut ntiug th6i"; take bodily shape so as to
become visible to human eyes. c{ ui sin-raeng '^T^ hien 95 Dun ; obscure.
hien-tSu c&i this god is very efficient.
; hfen- - ^- 231 hIen-mSng-hun; glaubcr salts.
jien it is
obviously so.
; hien chut i kfti chi'u- sIm h!en-bIo; it is very abstruse,
si hieu thien
twn; manifested his dexterity, hieu i kai piin- slang ti; the god of the somber heavens, thi"
nfa; showed his ability, tl hieu hiiang ; the dun heaven, and
siu-meng pat lu'en sxa" yellow
khut n^ng thoi"; the gods showed their power earth. hieu siam ; a weak sort of ginseng.
unto men. hien IC'ng khut i thdi^-ki"; manifest-
ed themselves to him. kong-mia' hien-tuk; his
worth
sent,
is widely known.
hien-cSi;
kiii hien kai ufing; distinguished
at pre-
people.
now m
hien-.slp
hien
198
keng
169
4
An
inclosure ; a bar ; to
;
to be trained.
guard
b6; train a cavalry horse, huang-
Bim si hfen-hek j is very glorious. hien-hien hien kau ciu-bftk ; closely surrounded on all
hek-hek ; effulgent. boi hfen ;
not apparent. sides. hien-sip ci kia" su ; he is practised in
i
such matters.
>^» hien 170 Dangerous; insecure; in
It 200 13 jeopardy,
E£v hien 154 A sage ;
learned ;
wise ;
hien c5i cia sit-c&i hien, 5 This ^^^ 197 8 superior,

; perilous. !
is indeed hazardous ! hien-jin ; sages. tSi hien-jin ; a gêat sage,

ko hien ; soi hien ;
ancient sages. si hien ;
94 To offer
hien respectfully, as in
modern sages. hien chin learned statesmen, ;
201 16 worship, hien kun a wise monarch.

;
hieh bp your ;
hong hien ; cin hien to offer reverently, hien ; good mother. hien ti ; my good brother,
cle"; to present to a superior. hien t6, hien hien chai hien leng; of superior abilities,
;
clu to offer tea and wine.

; hien loi-mueh ; to hien tek ; exalted virtue. sia" hien ; exalted
i ka-ki cu sia°, cu hien he is wise
present the customary offerings. hien koi- holiness. ;
cheh to proffer advice.

; hien sia' kui hang ;
and holy in his own estimation. hie" hien ; a
surrendered the city and returned to their alle- village worthy. hien su put ju iah iu a ;
giance, kai hien miieh-kia"; kneel and proffer learned teacher is not so good as a helpful
something. friend. put hien chi, put hau jl, bo huap kho
Idng-ti ; there is no rule by which you may
61 hien
Governmental a ruler.
^^S ;
govern an unworthy wife or an unfilial child,
* iU\ 201 12 hong hien si5n-ch§ ; received
sai-jip hie°-hien ; elevate to a position among
orders to examine. sl-hien-cu ; the Imperial the village worthies.
DlOTIONi.BT OF THE SWATOW DIILECT. 146
am dizzy. ; vertigo withth4a hin, m&k km

hien 147 Now, at present.
loss of sight. cu hwt o-am-hin ; ho-h(5 ei-si
201 ~4 Lien-cS,i; hien-kim at once j
;
when he was in his usual health, was suddenly
just now.
— hiet — taken with vertigo.
hiet 142 A hin 170 iu-hin ; tt hSn ; a limited

195 U
liiet ki'a"; scorpions,
hiet whole scorpions, u.sed in medicine.
chwn
hiet
scorpion.
202 6 number, or amount; not very
restricted to a small quantity
;' good or strong ;
kai biie u chi, oi tang nang ; the tail of the or value. iu-liin Ho have now but
ta° chun ;
that will sting few remaining. i thoi" li hd cSi, ua thoi" li

scorpion has a sting in it,
people. hiet tang nang lio 6i pang tak loh lu-hin he thought it exceedingly good but I
;
khu; after a scorpion has inserted his sting thought it of no great excellence.
he instills venom from it.
— hih — hin
201
96
7
Clear ; plain ; to appear ; at
present.
hih 30 To laugh out. th6i°-ki" hin-bin see it plainly. ne hIn-hIn ; ;
3l
BjZ^ 181 6 hih-hih-chie; to giggle^ or perfectly apparent. thdi" hin ; do not see m
snicker. i ciu-jit to si hih-hih-chie, bq
hwn- it
clearly. thoi" tieh hin cSi ; see it very
1(5 ;
she goes laughing about all day, and is plainly. cu-cheh in lai hin ; this book is m
not down hearted at all. not printed clearly. i kai
koi-mong chut
— him — hin ; his stratagem is divulged. hin chut i
kai ngwn-heng; showed his real feelings, hin-
him 76 To quicken. cS,i ;
at present. hin-cSi sim-mih si-hau ?
205 ^
him-ien; to long for. i-th(5i* What time is it now ? hin-kim m tang; now-
tieh sim si him-Ien he longs for it as soon as
; a-days it is diffei'ent. hin-khek chue bo ;
he sees it. him-ien i kai raueh-kia°; coveted it cannot now be found. hin-.si I'o kui at
;
his things. i bo him-ien ci k&i he has no ; present dearer. hin ngun kio
it is i bdi ;
great desire for this. bought it from hira paying cash down. ai°
boi hin ci", chia ; will sell it for m ready
^g
>J>
him
400
113
8
To shut
smother,
off the air; to money, but not on credit.
mueh ready made articles.
;
hin cia" k&i
hin-hin cia°-
hira huang ;
to keep off the wind. him au a ;
cia" kai sio-bak, tbo m khi the current account ;
covered cup. hu pang lai khah him khui the ;

already on hand cannot be collected. ngan
room is too close. ci kai leng-sng-kua ku li'o, c6i° hin his retribution appears. hien-
pp ;
kham li'o him m mi"; the cover of this steamer hln chut lai ;
became visible. m hin ;
in-
is worn out, and it does not shut the contents distinct ; illegible.
in closely when it is put on. — hio —
him 86 A bear.
^=4.
hio 75 Unscrupulous wicked. ;
ltt> 214 10 no ciah hira two bears. ci ; ^yf

'
^ 192 7 hio-hiong; nnscrupulous.

kai sua" sim-mih him ho" pa piu to u in this ;
ci kai nang hio-hiong cSi
; this
is a very lawless
mountain there are bears, tigers leopards and fellow. cSk khi chak eng-kai-tieh hio si'a
ci
panthers. him cie"; a bear's paw. him ta°; si ceng these bandits should have their heads
;
bear's gall. n^ng-hira a si kau-him ? Is it

si
exposed in cages as a warning to others.
the brown bear, or the small white-necked bear?
hio 187 Brave hei'oic, valorous.
m
;
him 109
stare at threateningly ;To JtC 191 12 ci kiii kai bu kua° si hio-
2 to look at angrily.
8 i k&i
long cSi ;
these military officers are very cour-
him i mih su ? Why
does he look so angrily at ageous, hio-iong kai ciang ; a brave leader.
her ? no n&ng td sie hira ; the two glare at
each other. lu him i, cp cai i him m
? If M >K^ 455* ^^°"^^°& Lucky ; beyond one's
you were not staring at him, how did you I"! I WV 368 deserts or expectations ;
know he was staring at you ? prosperous. cia sng si hio-heng cSi ; this is
— hin — indeed a stroke of luck. su tieh c6 tin-tang,

rod sie" hio-heng one must do things in a safe ;
hin 109 Dizzy ;

confused vision. way, and not depend on having a stroke of
232 5 6i hin a boi ? Are yon dizzy? luck. i cie°-se°
sng si td thu. hio-heng ; he is
ne hin-hin ; very dizzy. thau-khak hin- hin ; then depending on a stroke of luck.
hio 85 Perfidious. iNtl hiong 17 unfortunate

Unlucky ; ;
[^ni 368
12 i kai nang liio cSi he ia ; 1^ 213^ 2-
lugubrious.
thoroughly bad. hio-li, khek-poh infamous, ;
kit hiong; lucky or unlucky. bQe cai kit
hii-kp k&i hong-sok to si hio-li khek-poh the ; hiong co-iii do not yet know whether it is
;
customs of that place are infamous. lucky or unlucky. hiong che" siu a baleful ;
star, hiong sie-sit bad news, cai si hiong

;
m
hio 72 To comprehend ;
to under- a si kit; do not know whether it portends evil
1S3 12 stand; dawn. or good. vi kai khue png-png si tSi hiong :
]•& hfo a m hio ? Do you comprehend ? i c6 su tiiiig kI hii khue toi oi hdng hiong hiie kit; the
bo hun b6 hio; he acts without discretion. iIi outcome of this divination should properly b©
caihun hio; does not know how to discrimi- unfortunate however, there is that in the
:
nate, i mill fiu to u hun u hio ;

in all sorts of deeper meanings of the divination which may
business, he exercises judgment. bue hio i change the ill-fortune into good. chng chek
kai j-su do not yet comprehend his meaning. si ho hfiang hiong ni the garnered grain is a ;
;
i hio tit cie''-se''; he understands that sort of provision against years of dearth.
thing. hio thien-bun k&i nuug astrologers, ;
hfo kliu thang hio khu tliiiu understands

; ;
172 Masculine martial; heroic.
hiong ;
thoroughly, chut ko-si hio-ju peh-se°; issue a 214

4 hiong-ckng ; burly, cf k&i
proclamation to inform the people. i slang

nang thdi" tteh Q hiong s\ this person appears ;
hfo he is best informed on the subject.

;
lu very muscular. se" l&i hiong-hiong cang-
mih 8U to hio you understand all about it.
;
i
ckng naturally very robust.
;
lai kio i kwt
kia''-kia° hfo, b6 kia° ceng; he understands every k&i cl)^ hiong ; come and test your strength
trade, and is expert at none. koi po hio ; the against his. hiong-ng; hartall. hiong ceng;
cock announces the dawn, hio kia", me" hiah ; the purest part of hartall. ta° ue u chii Q
start at dawn and stop at dark. biong; speak with modulations. i kai co su
bd chii b6 hiong; he does not modulate hia

— hioh" — strength. i kai kok ii
peh bwn hiong pia";
64 To their kingdom has a million brave soldiers,
hioh" flirt; to cast off by a
short jerk ; to fling off by a
785 11 sin cio b5i hiong ; a newly caught bird will not
shake. h'Ci ko si i t<5 hioh" sa°-ng; he it is fight. 6ng liah jieh kii cia" 6i hiong ? How
that flirts his sleeves there he is the biggest ;
long must be trained before it will fight ? cf
it
man there. hln-khek si td hioh" sa°-ng kfti ciah cio hiong c&i ; this bird is a great fighter,
now putting on khut i tien hiong give him time to get up his
n&ng he ;
is airs of authority, ;
to be teng khut i hioh" loh cSu-hiie b6i

lai, courage.
pufth tieh was thrown off
; by the horse's — hit —
shaking himself, but happily did not fall flat,
khut be hioh" puah loh khu got a fall from ;
PH hit 78 To swing or dangle.
the horse through his shying. V^'^9. hioh" IJ^ 282 2 swing the feet,
hit kha; to
cie" koi"-thau flung the bag over his shoulder,
;
ki biie pwt-pwt hit his tail keeps wagging, ;
hiu" hioh" to koi"-th&u teng; had his wadded chiu hit-a-hit; the hands swinging carelessly,
tunic flung over his shoulder. mai" bit ka-lauh khu; do not drop it from
kia" 16 chiu
your hands as you swing them.
— biong — mai" hit khah khui in walking do not swing ;
10 Malevolent your hands too much.

1^^ biong ; desperate ;
yU 213 T cruel. — hiu" —

khiaug-hiong pS,u-ak kai nang a fierce and ;
cruel person, co su sim si hiong-hue"; acts in

a most brutal way. cia si kia" hiong
ployed his power to act savagely.
em-
liah hiong
; M
—
( w
bin"
1109
Obscure; retired; hidden
62
from view. 6
hiu°-meng si am-thau hades is the region
of ;
chiu seize the murderer.

;
boi hiong chiu ; darkness. cek koi" siu-sip khu sim si hiu"
ngi'a; the place is most tastefully
adorned,
purchase a substitute to receive the punish-
hiu" 6i"; retired leisure. hiu" meng put giia
ment due a murderer. pang-hiong; an
accomplice in murder. cia" hiong the chief ;
cek li; the land of the dead, and the land
actor in a murder, min-heng sim si hiong-ak; of the living are no great distance apart,
he has a most malignant expression. hiong- ci kai ti-hng sim si hiu".ce"; this is a very
hun retired spot.
; desperate.
hiu" 9 Quit cease repudiate.

— hm —
Jt-]^ ; ;
I'^ 210 4 m
khfcng kang-hia°; would
tjij^
hm 80 To pant.
not quit. m kang-hiu"; unceasing. bwn su •^J^ 221 5 chwn ; breathes
khiii hm-hiri
to biu" li'o all affairs have come to a stand short and quick. hek kau h(7i-hi7i-kie ; so
;
still, hiu" chi ; a divorced wife. hiu° cu; bill tired as to pant. thia"-ki° kau hin-hin-chwa ;
of separation. i ce ta" cu ta" hiu"; if ho m heard the dog panting.

once begins to talk he will never cease talking, — hng —
lu hiu" thi-khi ci kia" sii don't jou mention '
hiu" sie"; repudiate the thought.
;
lT hng 70 Wliat pertains to a location ;
tiiis matter.
yj 132 a region
a prescription, ;
tu si hiu°; nothing but death shall cause
huang sx hng ; the four points of compass. ngS hng ;
me to desist. the four quarters and the centre. ugo hng
kai ki kak sek m tang the flags of all the
Atkt biu" 61 Reiterated. ;
nations are of different colors. ai" eng sim-

iV*^ 1110 7 cia sng hiu"-hiu° si huam-
mih hng iii ? What do you
desire its bearings
huam kai ue this is mere twaddle.
;
to be ? sira-mih hng-hie"? What
cia chii si
Rotten decayed; putrescent.

hiu° 75 ;
are the bearings of this house ? khu kie tl-
"jjfTf
^V 211hiu" bak iTi-hp tio decayed
2" ;
hng lai ; go and call the local officers.
hng nang foreigners. b6 ti'hng ho hiah
gQa
wood is not good for carvings. bwn ni put ;
hxu"; it will last forever. ce ku cu hu-hiu" kha; there was no place to rest one's foot. fi
khu after a long time it will decompose, sim-mih ti-hng ho pang a bo. Is there any
;
kliieh chut lai, ne hu-hu hiu"-hiu"; when it was place to put it or not ? Ii kai
ti-hng hd ?
taken out, it was all rotten. ci ko nek mien Which spot is the best ? liu-ko m cai kie-cp
kiii jit cu hu-hiu" khu this piece of meat will sim-mih ti-hng do not know what that place
;
;
become putrid before many days. is called, khui ieh hng write a prescription, ;
ii sim-mih liang hng ? What is the best

hiu" 60 Again ;
to recur. remedy ? lia u cek tie" siang h(5 kai
hng hd
ui ka-sau pe"; I have one of the best remedies
151 T
ko chiu hiu" se" siin ; the
for curing a cough. ho hng nang si ? Where
withered tree again sprouts, hiu" lai ; return-
is the man from ?
ed ; repeated.
rtt=» hng 30 Frightened ; an interjection
hiu" 145 A wadded jacket winter "
;
4 169 7 of pain or displeasure,
416 7 tunics.
gua khau ko eai hng-hak no ciang ; the two
phiie hiu"; a fur coat. koih hiu"; a double
guardians of temple doors were set up outside,
gown. tng hiu"; a long wadded tunic. hiu"
hng-hng-kie; groaning and moaning. i
thau a short winter jacket. hng-
; hang hiu"; a hng-chang, hng mih su? What is it that he is
quilted tunic. mi" hiu"; a tunic stuffed with
groaning and grunting about ? ham a-n6°
cotton. mai" to hng; tell the baby not to fret.
— hiuh — 140 Dearth empty neglected.
-m
**^ hng ; ;
hiuh 64 To brush ;
to flap ;
to wave j\V^ 250 6 chang-hiig phau-hng fields ;
1-54 5 to and fro. overgrown with brushwood, ki-hng famine, ;
hiuh-tio tin-ai; brush the cobwebs, mai" down ki-hng si-coih; a sea-ôn of dearth, toa ki-hng ;
theng hiuh do not hit people by

tieh nang ;
a time of great scarcity. i hu chu lai kai
careless brushing. hiuh lio, phong-phong much hng la bo heh the things were all lying
;
eng after dusting the dust flies everywhere,

;
about the house, loose and neglected. mixeh
khieh ki toa ki kai lai hiuh cia" ii bl take a ;
mai" hng-hng la-ia do not leave the things
;
large one to dust with and then it will be of lying around loose.
some use.
-pfc hng 32 An alley; a grocery; a neigh-
4^
^5/V 73 6
hiuh 64
cang tek-pi-kia" hiuh-hiuh-
To flog ;
to thrash. ryj 133
cu hng; a book-stall.
4 bourhood.
ciu hng; a wine-shop,
kae, li-kwn hiuh; took a bamboo whip, and laid mong hng mong Ii a certain street in a cer-
;
it on him so that
you could hear the blows in- tain village. hii sia" 13,1 pun cp chit hng:
cessantly, hiuh kau i cek sin ceng-ceng nin tiu to ti cek hng ? The Departmental City
kheng; thrashed him till his body was covered is divided into seven
quarters in which of :
with wales. them do you reside ?

148 DICTIONABT OF THB 8WAT0W DIALKCT.
hng 31 A garden; un watered ground.

-
— hb —
!ij 1133 10 i hak u jieh coi cbang-hng? ho 63 To bale out water by working
How much arable land does he own ? u ch4ng 225 4 a bucket in strings,
u hng has both watered and unwatered fields,
; cf chph cui ham nung lai ho ta°; call some one
khf cek kai hue hng made a flower garden, ; to bale out all this water. ho-tau a bucket ;
hi hng a play ground,

; hng kang gardening, ; for baling. i ho kku i cSk sin ciii he baled
;
coh chang-hng k&i nftng ; a farmer, chai hng; till he was wot all over.
a vegetable garden. kiie-ci hng ; an orchard.
ka° hng; au orange gfove. ci'e'' hng kai nslng; ho 9 The second of the five orders
a gardener. chut hue hng pass out of child- ;
174 7 of nobility; a marquis.
hood, hng li the hedge around a garden,
; hong hd to raise to the rank of marquis.
; ca
cau jip cia-hng IS! khii tiain ran and hid in ; ho; a feudal prince.
the cane field. hun-kuah hng kau ; the fur-
rows in a potato patch. ciii ce khi <^ng kio _ hd 190 Full-bearded.
hun-kuah hng cek ie", cek noi cek n6i ; the 1^ 223 9 hd chiu a full beard.
;
cAp
waves rise like the hills in a potato field. ho kau put jiu ;
of ten bearded men, nine are
uncharitable. chiu li ho-hd his beard is ;
hng 170 A dry fosse under a city very bushy.

P^
3E ^
251 wall a moat.
9 ;
A
Bia"-hng; the city moat, fi sia" cu fi sla"
hng ;
h6-ld flagon shaped orna-
if there is a city, it has a moat. 222 ment, commonly seen on
6la"-hng bie ;
the temple where the god of the resides. the apex of pagodas.
city
ho-lo pu the bottle gourd.
;
i-Ie" Qe hd-l6 ;
hng 162 Far; distant; remote. imitate the gourd in its shape and marks. ra
1137 10 16 liHg it is a cai i h6-l6 toi boi pitu-mih ioh ; do not know
^ ; long way
off. kia" hng lo ;
walk a long way. khah what medicine he sells out of his gourd ; do not
hng, b6i tit kau ; too far for us to go.
it is know wliat he is around here for. cha ho-lo ;
kau hu-ko jieh hng? How

far is it to that wooden floats, tied on boat children to keep
place ? ^ jit-ci hng the time is far distant, ;
them afloat in the water.
ci'-kp 10 hng ; this is farther away.
it is not far.
siang li hng ; they are not far apart.

bSi hng ;
cuah hiig ; it lacks a great deal,
m li lu
hng, ai" kau lio| it is not far off, we are almost

mm
Do you want
h6-liu
1001
Fresh water
ho-liu ai° pu a hi'
the eels boiled or fried ?
eels.
cha?
there. mo" kau kp farhng-hng gaze away,

keh hng;
^
far separated.
;
m ho-laifox. A
hiig cliJo, ju kfln 223
ho-lai cia"; the fox brownie,
phuh ; a powerful helper far off is not so good
as a weak one near or vampire fairy. ho-lai phue a fox's pelt,
by. khia jieh hng ? How ho-hli phue hiu"; a tunic of fox fur. i chin-
;
far did you go ? than kia" than phueh ue, m chie" ho-lai cia", mia°-ke mi" n&ng he is as
cai hng;
talking as you go, makes the road
;
seem sliort. hph ling; are rather far apart,

li e.xpert as the fox elfin in bewitching people,
tieh li ho-lai ngio; a weasel.
hng; must keep far away from it. i kai
chu hng a lu kai chii
hug? Which is farthest ho-sln A house-fly.
off, liis house or yours ?
Img kiiu tang m ;
_ 1107 kim ho-sin a horse-fly;
the distance makes all the difference. ;
a glossy fly.ho-sin hng-hng-kie ; flies buzz,

hng 86 An mai" khut h6-sin td cng do not let the flies got
;
/jrfX interjection denoting
J^v> 285 S' doubtful assent, at it. h6-sln-h6"; a small spider that weaves
lia lai khu well, I will go. m cai no web and pounces upon flies.
hng, ;
hug,
ti me well, I do not know whether there are
any
;
to be had.
ho-khi A leech ;
a bloodsucker.
— hngk — j_;f^^""^ 572
kha teng cuh hueh
cek tio ho-khi tab to i
a leech fastened upon
;
tV^ hngk 30 To send the breath through his leg and was sucking the blood. h6-khi
•J 221 fi the nose. tab ; an iron staple. cim ciii h6-khl a leech ;
hngk phi"; to blow the nose, phi" khang huang in the water a noxious person in quiescense.
;
hngk chut hngk jip to exhale and inhale the ; h6-khi ho eng cp phua hueh ieh ; leeches are
air. plii" khang hngk khu cek kai m thong; used in medicine to make stagnant blood cir-
I cannot breath through one of my nostrils. culate, ho-khi bueh ; elastic stockings.
hS 173 Rain a shower. ; g h6°-phek Amber, said by the

1124 "0~ loh ho ho loh ; it rains, ; j}\j, 224 Chinese to be trans-
toa lio a heavy rain, ho toa; it rains lieavily.
;
formed t'lom resin.
ho soi the rain lessens.
;
ho mui^-kia" a ;
ai" jIn h6"-phek vl sim-mih huang-hnap ? What
drizzling mist. ho eng it sprinkles, ho toa ;
is the way of telling whether a substance is
tfam lai lio ;
it rains in large drops. mai" amber ? h6°-phek oi sip kai ; amber will collect
khut ho phuah tieh do not get splashed by ; electricity. cia" h6"-phek chiu jiet oi kit
the rain. khut ho ak kau lok-lok drenched ; teng-sim chau ;
real amber when heated by
by the rain. ho cang kau cek sin the rain ;
friction will attract lamp-wicks or straws,
poured all over me. ho chiu phim tieh ;
hueh pliek ;
red amber.
spattered by the rebounding drops.
khiu ho ;
pray for rain, phu hun ho a sudden shower, ;

V^Cl ho" 141 A tiger ;
fierce ;
awful.
toa huang ho a rain-storm. cV' cieh ju ho
;
a ;
JJu. 224 'i' lau-ho"; nio"-h6"; a tiger,
ho" ko a male tiger, ho" bd a tigeress. kui
shower of stones and arrows. cheng ci ju ho ; ;
shot fell like rain, ho-siia"; ho-cia

ciah ho"; several tigers. me" ho"; a fierce
liap ; ;
"umbrellas, ho i rain-cloaks. sa" ni bo ho tiger. ho" ciang ;

a dauntless leader. ho"
; ;
there was no rain for three years. kii ho a h§ng a ferocious

; aspect. ho" ui warlike ; ;
;
long rain, ho Itii ;

it is going to rain, ho ce° dreadful. peh ho"; the white tiger. p6h ho"
lio the rain has ceased ; it is clearing, ho loh ka lu May the white tiger devour you
! ciia !
ni hiah ; it rains incessantly. loh ho hiah lia nio"-h6"; a paper tiger, a braggart. leng h6"
cii ai" khu; if it stops raining I shall go. tlii"- to ; a furious fight between two. khia hd"
b1 ua° cai ku-a kai gueh bo ho the weather
: ; lang Ilia ; he who rides a tiger finds it hard to
is very droughty for many months there has
:
dismount. nio"-h6" thiam .sit ; add wings to a
been no rain. h5 loh ho tih ; it is raining, tiger give additional power to the malevolent,
;
loh ho raui" sph ; cold fine rain. lu chut jit iu pue ho" tui a company of flying tigers; ti'oopa
;
loh ho jit kio ho sie phah ; it rains and the

;
liaving the flying tiger on their flag. phah
Bun shines. ho" chin hia"-ti; if you are going to attack a
tiger you must have own brothers to help,
A khu nio"-h6° chiii kp khut nek go to a tiger to
1^ door a household.
ho 63 ;
;
J ^
ke mng-ho che stop at all
225 oi ;
beg a piece of meat. nang si lau mia", ho" si
lau phue ; when a man dies he leaves his name
the dooi's in succession and examine, (as in
sim-mih ho-thsla kai ? Of behind him, when a tiger dies he leaves his
taking a census).
what family and locality is he ? pho-ho shop- ;
pelt. cu si cek ciah ho"! He is a tiger liu !
men, cun-ho dwellers in boats. ho" ham; dig a pitfall for catching tigers, ho"
ii
; jieh coi
ho-khau ? What is the population ? tau a tiger's lair.
;
t7)
jip ho" tau kp, c?ii tit
miig-ho
liah tieh h6"-kia"? If you do not enter the
tieh thoi^-siu ho keep careful watch at the ;
tiger's den, how can you seize

the cubs ? tii-
door. ho p6 the Board of Population, ;
ho pS'Ug the revenue de})artment in a pre-

;
tii
phah tieh ho" phi"; hit the tiger exactly on
his nose struck the vulnerable part. leng
fect's yamun. siang ho the wealthiest ;
;
families.
kia" ho" po a majestic bearing, ho" bue thai
;
cu a pearl hangs at the end of the tiger's tail.

;
tie" ho*" nRu"; tie" nfiu" c\" lai sia ho"; set a trap
t—* ho 30 A princess.
/p4 174 3 uang-ho ;
a queen, huang-ho ;
for shooting tigers. ngau h6"-kut ka ; make
glue from tigers' bones. ho" phiie jok ; rugs
the empress. huang thai ho the empress ;
made from tigei's' skins, ho" ge tigers' teeth,

huang thai ho the emperor's
;
dowager. thai ;
ho" jio tigers' claws. ho" hi" chau the
huang thi" ho th6 imperial ; ;
grandmother. ;
heaven and earth. thien ho Bia" bp ;

the god- strawberry geranium. h6"-thau pai ; a tablet
" with a tiger's head drawn upon it. ho-sin h6";
dess, Queen of Heaven." a small spider that pounces on flies. nio"-h6"
— h6" — nge-se°; of an awfully stern temper. nio"-h6"
chut
pi tu; a tiger carrying a pig on its back,
>f> ho" 80 Not not so. ; jip me" ho" siang sui ; tigers submissively
Pl 141 4 si ho" ho sia ji khut Ua cai ;
follow him about. hang leng, hok ho"; bring
whether affirmative or negative, write and let dragons and tigers back to their allegiance,
me know. si h6° cp-ni ? What is the affirma- ho" kim-kara; a weapon for killing tigers, ho"
tive and what the negative side of the qnes- cie" che ; the tiger is at bay. nio" ho" cie" m
tion? che bp l^ng-ui phah i ;
if the tiger does not
— hoih — •
rear at the pifcch-fork you cannot shoot him.

hoih 94 Narrow
contracted ; petty.
thia"-k"i° ho" hin-hrri-kie; heard the tipfer growl,
;
h6" phau-hau tigers roar. hf5" aa°.au"-

186
kai to hoih-hoih
7 ihe is ;
ing. ;
kie tigers snarl.

;
keh jit th6i"-k\° ho" kha- very narrow minded. tang td tieh co toa c6
mai" CO khah hoih ; make the middle of it
ciah jieh toa kai ; the other day I saw the
si ho" c6 Aah
rather capacious, do not make it too contracted.
tracks of a very large tiger.
ho" phah treat a dead tiger as if he were
;
h6ih 9 To espy to reconnoiter.
;
alive. ho" loh pe"-ie" pi kau klii ; w^hen a 837 5 khut h6ih tieh
i ; espied by
tiger comes down into the arable land, he may him. i no n&ng td t^-hoih ;
the two are
be harried by a dog.
acting a.s
spies. i kiii
n&ng lai t(5 hoih, Id
— hoi — tieh cai-hdang i; tliey have come to recon-
noitre and you must beware of them. mai'
hoi 109 The
eyelids drawn together. khut i h6ih-ki"; do not let her get a peep at it
B/^
—j^ 15G 7 roak
hoi-hoi ; squint-eyed,
when she is speering around.
mak hoi-hoi, kap-p6 th6i"-co Ijiu ciii-koi ; so
squint eyed that he would mistake a toad for
— hok —
an edible frog. hok 118 good fortune ;
"ll^pt Happiness ;
/pPq 150 9 which attends divine

felicity
hSi 142
crab. A hok im glad tidings. hok ira
protection. ;
187 18 h5i ke"; crab soup. hSi
a church or chapel. ii hok-khi to be
tn^ ; ;
kha ; crab's claws. hoi khak ; a crab's shell.
blessed. hok toa c&i ; very great felicity, ci
h6i-i"; a crab's belly. hoi ko the yellow ;
kai Q hok, hd k&i bd hok ; this one is huppy
juices of a crab, peh hSi nek ; the white meat and that one is not. kuu-lai mng nap hok ?
of a crab. 15 kiatu hoi ; to pickle crabs. h6i
Have you been quite well lately ? hok tl ; a
mS.k ciii the bubbles on boiling water.
; h6i favored spot, hok ciang a lucky commander, ;
nih tieli i ; the ci*ab pinched him. hoi hfte' hok bun
hiang hok ; to enjoy happiness.
kla"; crabs walk sidewi.se. poi" kiie h6"-h5i hwt ch&i hwt hok grow
;
toa highly favored,
; ;
more spotted than the spotted crab. thim rich and prosperous, cek 16 hok che"; may a
chiah hoi to keep large brown crabs in wat^r.
;
happy star light your way. ngo hok ; the five
kong-phua hong hoi kai he is one whose ;
blessings, long life, riches, soundness of body
parents offered crab^ to the god of the bed- and mind, love of virtue, and a peaceful end.
stead his hands and feet are always in mis-
;
u Uang cu u hok; to have right principles is
chief, khi-hu i bo kha hoi impose upon him ;
to have good fortune. p6h hok kai nSng ;
as one can upon a clawless crab. hok cek cSi;
one who has little prosperity.
— h6i" — greatly blessed. i to hok no ; he is highly
prospered, hok 16k slu chwn; fortune, honors,

hoi" small smooth bivalve ; a
142 A and longevity, all bestowed.
200 7 mussel,
hoi" nek ; the flesh of a mussel. hoi" khak ; hok 146 To subvert ruined. ;
mussel shells. kiam hoi"; salt mussels. l&m 151 12 hwn hok hwn-hwn ;
hok-
kiam h6i"; dash water on salt mussels to freshen hok ruined.
;
thien hwn ti hok the ; orer-
them. throw of heaven and earth.
hoi" 64 To close
142 hok
bat. A
by swinging. ue ngd hok; to
1088 9 150 paint or
rang hS,m a-hoi"; sot the door
8
draw five bats in various positions.
ajar. hoi" mng; swing the door to. ning
mai" hoi" tah ; do not close the door with a bang, 145 Double.
hoi" cek phi" cu ho to close one fold of the 9
;
tetig-hok ; repeated ; dupli-
double door is enough. h6i" chun cSk cue '
ue t§ng-hok ;
to reiterate.
phang shut it so as to leave a crack.
;
60 Again ;
to do a second time ;
hoi" 140 Edible sorts of coarse greens ;

9 to repeat.
202
7 spinach. hwn-hwn hok-hok ; repeatedly,
hoi"-chai spinach, ;ang hoi"-chai pig-weed, ;
hok the reply to a letter.
sin ;
hok meng ; to
lu ai" co-ni
be-khi hoi"; purslane. chi hoi"; prickly spin- report upon, as a commission.
ach, thng choh hoi"-chai lai ciah ; boil some hue-hok i ? What reply are yon going to make
spinach to eat. to him ? hok tong-heng ; to revive and
h6k chia to pay ofE a grudge, hok 61 To

prospei'. ;
'^yh delude, to lead astray ; to

hok-tng iigwn revert to the original species. 259
ie°; JU^\ 8" inveigle.
h6k uaii ;
to return to life, khiok-hok sla".ti ; sim lai mai" sdi n&ng gl-
gi-hok suspicious, ;
to recover the city. kau cu si cu hok I"; at hok do not make people distrust. i si koi
;
midnight it will again be full-orbed. h6k i

mr-hok kai nang he is easily gulled, sla ka
;
kai reciprocate his courtesy.

loi ; cang sim- to si bu si hok niin kai tie evil teaching.s are ;
mueh lai hok i kai nang-cheng ? In what way what unsettle and delude the people.
shall we reciprocate his kindness ? che hok ; cang
cia kai lai mi^-hok nang sira made use of this ;
examine and report on. pfn hok ; reply that to lead people's minds astray. cp tJla h6k
an order is performed. ceng false doctrines mislead all. ia-hok to
; ;
hok 145 A beguile. mai" khut i ia-hok khu do not be

square cloth. ;
162 ~6~ pau-hok pau-ko a bundle deluded by him.

; ;
wrapped in a square cloth. pau-hok phue ;
pau-k(5 phue a strong square cloth for wrap-

;
h6k
74 Garments ; apparel to take ;
ping bedding or clothes. 4 152

medicine; a dose; to wait
on; to serve; habituated,
"TJC hok 140 A fungus-like
substance found i-hok clothing, hok-sek apparel.
; ha h6k ; ;
%7\ 152 on the roots of fir trees,

6
mourning garments. bp hok; destitute of
hok-leng the medicine known as China root,
;
clothing. cie" chio cu cheng chio-hok when ;
hok-leng kp a kind of cake made of China

; one goes to court he wears a court dress. 6i°
root. tho h6k-leng tho-hok the root of the ; ; sikhu ke li cheng pien hok when one goes ;
Smilax chinensis. peh hok chiah hok white ; ; home in intervals of labor, he may wear his
and flesh colored fungus. working dress. kong hok one's best clothes. ;
hok 32 A frontier, a border, a region;

sa° ni hok garments worn during the three
;
1141 8 a far-off years of mourning for a parent. hok ieh b6

territory; lands;
states. hau; there is no merit made in taking medicine,
ua pat thoi"-ki" sai-hok bun-klen-lok I have ;
eng ciah kui hok ieh cia" ho after a few ;
doses of medicine you will be well. cek

seen a book of travels in the outlying western
coh hok boi'der states. i hok
hok ieh cu chwu-ju got well after one dose ;
regions. ; ;
nan kai kiii kok kiang-hok of medicine. su-hok; to wait on to yield

strajige lands.
;
submission. hok-.su to serve. sie sim hok-

u jieh khuah ? How extensive are the bound- ;
su carefully attend upon, m hok cui tho; not

aries of your noble country
;
?
acclimated not accustomed to the place.
;
m
hok 9 To conceal
to lie perdue ; to hok ka-hun ; intractable. lii
kheng hang-hok
^-j^ ;
|/V 152 4 prostrate one's self, i;

would not submit to him. cie"-.si kai nang
hok pia"; troops in ambush. hok pia" khf lai bo mih su-hok the people of the present time
;
coih-tng i kai lo ; the ambushed soldiers rose are not docile. siu-cie" m su-hok his disease ;
up and cut off his retreat, mai" hok pia" be to does not yield to treatment. ci chph ieh ciah
chia-lim lai; do not conceal the mounted troops loll khu su-hok c5i ;
after taking this medicine
in the thicket. hok ti chia" cue bow down ;
the desired effect followed, i hok i iSu he m ;
and ask for punishment, hu-ko hok u nang-be is not willing to be regarded as old docs not ;
to ko; there are people lying there in ambush, succumb to his years.
sa" hok jit ; three decades in summer, when
people hold themselves in retirement; dog-days. h6k
cieh-hok ; an orchid, used as
140
hok 62 11 233
a tonic medicine. It grows
Perchance perhaps ; ;
if.
259 ua hok-cia ai° lai on the rocks in southern China. kim-thoi

4 ;
I may cieh-hok ; a species of orchid which turns yel-
perhaps come. hok si lu ai° lai li ca ce ; if
m low when dried.
you come, come early. lu ak-hok lai li
soi kio lia ta"; if you are not coming, tell me
beforehand. hok u nfing mng lu, lu tieh cie"-
-
hong —
Be in if
anyone should ask you, you must
; hong 163 A districton the Yang-
thus answer, ci Ie° hok a-si bo li boi co hu ie°; P
M\^ 157 18 tsze River where the fire-
if there should be none of this
sort, then buy wells are.
that sort instead. h6k si u hok si bo li kio hong-to hong-to ti-gek ; Tophet.
;
si au phah
ua ta° tia"-t$eh should there be any, or should Iph hong-to; sent after death to Tophet.
; hong-
there not be any, in any case tell me definitely. to tS.i-ti the great ruler of Hades.
;
162 DICTIONABT OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT.
I|l-|* honq To appoint to office ; confer

41
h(5ng 30 To read or recite in a tune.
^î 157 rank. 6 P3&
'^ 158 8 hong keng; to intone chants
u kai hong ho, fi kai hong pek ; some were as do Buddhist
piiests.
raised to the rank of marquis, and some to the
rank of earl. kau hong it phiii
hu-jin in- 142
h6ng A
clam ; a mussel.
vested with tlie liighept rank bestowed upon
;
1^ 657
4
tit II ; when the
lut liong siang thi hii-ong
women, hong sin ; to deify, as is done
by the snipe and mussel nip each
to office, other the fisherman is the 15a hong
Emperor, hong kua°; appoint hong gainer.
se cu ; the old clam
ciak ; grant a title of nobility.
hong kiang produces a pearl ; the old
tS,i-chin ;
the high provincial officers. chfa" man has a child.
hong; chfa" kdu hong; ask a title for one's
h6ng 40 Ample wide.
parents or relatives. t"
hong; ask to have a ;
237khai ciang hdng hwt may

4
patent of nobility bestowed on another because ;
of one's own merits. thek hong promotion we have great profits in our business, (a shop-
;
on account of merit. thek hong ])&i ; an man's sign). khwn h6ng, tSi Hang; great
honorary tablet conferred by the Emperor, magnanimity, (a polite phrase).
gek hong ; conferred by the gods. 162 To meet with
hdng ; to come
hong 46
summit, an apex, a peak. A 168 7 across ;
to occur.
15») 7 sua" hong; a mountain peak, 6ili lo siang h6ng; met in a narrow path.
; he happened to come.
h6ng lieh i lili
peh-khf kui^-kui" kai sua''-hong t6ng; climbed hdng
to the top of a very high mountain. mua"- n&ng cfl ta"; when you meet a man speak to
ti-ko kai hong Ivvn ngi'a cSi the peaks and him. cfa 8l lang
h6ng kai su; this is some-
;
ridges all around are very beautiful, ko hong thing that seldom happens. era eng si khl
tok song a solitary lofty height.
; hdng ; this is a rare occurrence. hdng raui"
sa" poih jit, p^ng kd ; whenever a third and an
182 Manner; eighth day occurs, complaints ni.iy be entered,
JST liong style; reputation;
/-»^V 155 fame. khu i kp c6 cO-lfti i7i pat hdng tieh i t<5 kd; np
hong a rumor or report, hong bSn; hear-
sia"; to now it has happened that when I went to
hong sok; liabits; modes. his house to sit with him, he has never been at
say, hong kh\ ;
general feelings, as of a community, ui hong; home. hdng hiong hue kit; meet with bad
ni-ui hong-hong ; awful luck or with good luck, i si bQe pat hdng tIeh
majestic. hong-to; ;
style; manners, i kui

hong-to ho cSi ; his man- nge-tdk ; he has not yet met one who could
ners are excellent. tai chin kai ma.ster him. ki hdng tek-chfu, ciung ng5
hong-to ; the
air of a nobleman. bun hong literary fame, ; liang-chili ; the chess-player meets his match,
kwn hong observe the general state of affairs.
; the general his equal.
151
}^^ iiong Plenteous abundant. ;
hdng 120 To sew.
157 11 hong ni a plenteous year, 158
^»FT>^ ; 11 chai-hdng; a tailor, ch&i
hong kftu abundant exhuberant.
;
ni tang ;
hdng ph6 a ;
tailor's shop.
hong-long a fertile year. ; ngS kak hong
teng; the grain is copiously piled. hong hdng The swan a large goose ;
196 ;
muii"; ample full. siah co lai hong cSi ; the

; *fty 236 immeasurable,
6
feast was sumptuous. hong-hong long-long ; hdng hi ; vast felicity. hdng plen ; to send a
affluent ; copious ; plenteous. letter by a friend ; by favor of. hdng ngSn ;
the wild goose, hdng hok ; immeasurable bliss.
167 The van
hong bristling like a ;
167 7 line of bayonets, hdng 85 Vast

^Jt ; great.
kau-hong tui liii to join in battle, cdi" hong;
; l[>> 236 ^
hdng hok; great blessed-
sieu hong; khui lo sien hong; the vanguard, ness, khwn hdng tai Hang liberal minded ;
hong lai bo pi incomparably sharp, ce" hong

; ;
and very kind. hdng huang k&i sl-hau when ;
bitter rivalry. the world was still a vast waste. meh hdng
tOa ;
an irregular pulse.
hong 9
Emoluments; salary; income.
159 8 hong 16k salary, ciah sang 196 A fabulous and felicitous
hong; has an income from two offices. hwt
;
159
hong
^
bird the phenix. ;
h<5ng; forfeit his salary, kaa hong; kia hong; hong huang the male and the female phenix.
;
increase his salary. hong cio a phenix.; hong kwn a bride's ;

coronet. bong ngan ; the Emperor's eye ; a hd kio i ta"; you should tell him. i no n&ng
leng kua°, hong chiie ; the two are very friendly,
sign of good luck. siang siang-hd ;
liver and phenix's marrow, a rare i kio

like dragon's siang-hd pheng-iu ; congenial friends.
delicacy.
lia siang-teng siang-hd ; he is exceedingly
friendly with me. ta" khu khap hd spokea ;
hong 37 To receive from a supei'ior ; opportunely, khap-hd ngp tieh i Itii met him ;
159 6 to serve respectfully ; to re- just in the nick of time. Id, hd me ? You be
verence. the one to do it, will you ? i
ang cia sim sf
hong meng lai cp kua"; receive orders to take hua-hd ; they, the husband and wife, are very
office. hong ci receive the will of the Em-
; congenial, kio i ta" hd ue speak comfortably ;
peror, hong ka; received instructions, hong- to him. lu ceng in kue hd ; you have already
su pe-bo reverently obey parents.
;
i raia"-ke assented to it. lu thdi" tieh hd me ? Do you
hong-seng nang he is a skillful flatterer,
; think it will be well to do so ? lu cki sle°
hong-bien to oifer, as in worship.
; hong cie"; thoi" hd a md ; you think it over again, whe-
to present a gift to the Emperor. hong loi- ther it would be well to do it or not. M
mueh make
; gifts to the gods. hong kia" ku ka-ki hd khu ; you should yourself go. ua
su; follow the customs of one's predecessors. mng i, i in ta" hd ;
I asked him and he
— h(5 — assented.
'ff^ ho 38 Good ;
well ;
excellent ;
for- hd 30
Suitable; fit; may; ought; can;
,psY 171 ^ tunate; finished; fit; proper
|-| I*
"J 425
sign of the potential mood,
2
for the purpose friendly. ;
hd me ? Can it be done ? hd a m hd ? Is it
m cai ho a mo do not know ;
whether it is good suitable or not ? si hd si rn-hd li ta°; whether
or bad. ci-kai si ho; this good. ci-kai is it is fit or unfit,
say so. hd kia° k§,i su cia"
siang ho this is best.
;
hu-kai lo ho that is ; kia"; what may be done, that do. hd ta" kî
better. ci-kai ho kiie hu-kai this is better ;
ue cia" ta" what ought to be said, that say.
;
than that, hu-kai bo mih lip that is not very ;

lu hd sie"; you should think it over. ci kia"
good. bo sim-mih hp kai not a very good ; mueh cp-ni i hd ciah ua rTi-hd ciah ? How is ifc
one. m
cai ci-kai hp a hu-kai hp do not ;
that he can eat this and I cannoi ? cie" toa le,
know which is the better. ci-kai pi hu- hd lai thak cu being so large, he should go to
;
kai hp hph coi ; this as compared with that is school. ci kia" su bue hd cp ; this should not
better by far. hp cSi very good. cin hp ; of
; yet be done. lu hd ham i khieh lai you may ;
the utmost excellence. hp si ; inexpressibly tell him to bring it. hd khu kie i lai ; you go
good. i si hp nang; he is good. se" IM hp ;
and tell hira to come, ning hd kue"; shut that
well-favored. thia° tieh cin hp ; really good door. chai lip ciah a bue ? Is the meal ready
to hear. thoi" tieh sit-cai hp; considered it yet ? i .si hp sieh kai
nang ; she is a lovable
truly excellent. ciah tieh cin-sit hp cS,i ; person, lia oh cek kia" hd chie kai su lu thia";
found by eating it that it was indeed excellent, I will tellyou something laughable. ci tie"
toi" it hp ; of the best sort. phong tieh hp chng bue ta, biie hp eng thia table is not yet ;
chai-thau ; met with a lucky chance, hp chai ; dry enough to be used. hd liam teng a biie ?
good luck, hp sim-tng ; good-hearted, hp si, shall I light the lamp yet? lii tieh hp hlam
hp jit ; lucky times and seasons. cp hp su; to i; you should reprove him. hd tit lieh ;
do good. ta" hp ue ; speak good words. lip- deserves ought to get. ; Id ka-ki hd khu cp;
hp nang ; in perfect health. i kai
nang hp a you go and do it yourself. hd ciah ; fit for
hue ? Is he well yet ? chwn hp lio ; he is food ;
eatable.
fully recovered. hp hue ; sound goods. hp
ti-hng ; a goodly land. hp ngp a favorable ; To lay out to squander ; to
hp 127 ;
circumstance. cp kau ai" hp ; very nearly 173

consume,
4
done. tiang-si 6i tit hd ? When will it be cek ni ii jieh coi chu hp ? How much is the
done ? ai" hp lio it is nearly finished. ;
cie°- annual loss from rats ? hp chai squanderd ;
se° CO hp me? Is that the way in which it wealth. si hu-ho kai ; it is a useless
outlay,
should be done ? hp cie°-se" ta"; it is best to hp-sua" ngwn-klij Iio tio sin-khi ; waste one's
;
say thus. cp kau hp-hp ;

make it nicely.
energies, tai hp, si'o hp great and small out- ;
kia° hp-hp walk with care.

; siu-sip hp ce ; lays, chwn bp im-hp; have no tidings what-
arrange it better. hp khu a hue ? Should we ever, cie" ku bp im bp hp for ever so long ;
go yet ? btie hp it is not well to go yet. ; there has been no tidings from it. lu raai" td
hln-cSi hd khu ; it will be well to go now. lu CO hp ; do not be
playing tricks there.
hb 149 False erroneous. ;

tt»^ hp 141 A mark ;
a label ; a signal ;
PlfU 626 4 ho thwn erroneous preach- ; ^Ju 17'3 7 a description or class to ;
ing. i° ho thwn ho to propagate idle rumors,

;
mark or de.signate. ho lerig ; word of com-
hp-ca n4ng kiii ci"-ngfin extort money by false ;
mand, ji hp ;
the character used as a mark,
ho-ck nang kai chai-infieh ; get nan sim-mih p<5 hp ? What is the sign of your
pretenses.
means. hb ngftn j deceitful shop ? pho lip trade mark. toi" it ho ;
goods by illegal ;
first- best, toi" kui ho kai hue ? What class of

promises.
goods? c6 kai ho; ue kai hue ho; make a
M hd 9
215 6
Wherefore
In what way?
juho?
khu ne ? Why should you not go ?
horn
h6 pit ?
;
how ;
what ; why. mark as a sign. tah kai ho ; paste on a label,
cang kp tek chah cp h6 ; stick in a piece of
bamboo as a mark. Sng sIm-mih khau-gu cp
wily should it be ? lu hd pit ju chu ? Why hp ; use some word as a signal. cia si t5i" jl
should you do so ? hb kh<5 nSi hb ; there is no hp k&i ; this is the second best sort, si toa hp
bo nfti ho ; there is no other way. kai a soi hp k&i ? Is it of the larger or the
help for it.
ui ho cie"-se° ? Why is it thus ? si h6 wn-kii? smaller sort ? teng kai hp ; make a mark by
Wliat is the reason for it ? b6 n&i da h6 it is ; driving a stamp. pun hp-th&u ; give a signal
nothing to mo. ho c6ng cie"-8e°? How can it by blowing a blast, i min
teng u cSk kp ki hp
be thus ? kiu k^ng lu ho sd tit ? In the end hp jiii ; he has a mark on his face by which he
what will you obtain thereby ? lu ho i7i ci c6 may be recognized. Q jieh coi hp sia"? How
lai ? Why did you not come earlier ? ho-i° cie°- many brands are there ? kiio hp ; pass the office
80° ? Why is it thus ? lu ho cJo''.se' ? Why where the brands are affixed. cliiak-hp ; an
5n^
should you do that ? lu sd cp hb sQ ? What epithet or nickname, i kai chiak-hp khut n^ng
kie-cp ho"; he is nicknamed the tiger. ki ho
have you been doing ? ;
signal by flag. llu hp ki khi-khi ; raise a
h6 162 A signal flag. th6i" i liu sim-mih ki hp; see what

porcupine.
171 7h6-tu a hedge-hog. h6-tu
;
signal he raises, pang ho phau; tire a salute or
cp k&i am ho give a secret sign, hp
phah tieh ciah hp-tuj signal, ;
ci"; porcupine quills.
killed a porcupine. pang the room where marks are affixed, kua
;
ho ;
affix the mark, hp i hp kua ; a soldier's ;
h6 82 A a ditch a moat. uniform, kok hp ; the name of a dynasty, nf

;
fosse ;
171 14 sia" hp; a city moat. fi sla' hp; the style of a reign, piet hp ; mia" hp the ;
ciu u sia" h6 if there is a city there is a city

name taken on coming to manhood or on enter-
;
moat. sia" li kui", sia° hp li chim ; the city ing office; the style or designation of per.sons of
i"-kengkhut lia hp khu Ho I have
wall is high, and the moat deep. position. ;
already set a mark on that. lu k&i huap-hp

si sim-mueh? What is your priestly name ?
hp 85 A
river into which other rivers
215 run.
5 ho 154 To send con-
>^rt felicitate; to
ng-ho ; the Yellow River. cle" hp the upper ;
^5^ 216 5 gratulations.
part of the river. e ho the lower part of the hO
hi Joy be with you l&i kio i sie
;
hp ! ! ;
river, to ho; to cross the river by ferry, tah

congratulate him. hp slu ; hp nang se°-jit;
kiie hp ; take passage across the river. khoi- send congratulations upon a birthday, ho ni :
ho rivers ; large streams, ho khoi the Milky

; ;
send New
Year greetings. ho loi articles ;
Way. thi°-hp thkng thi°-hp'; the Milky Way sent as presents, upon some happy occasion,
runs into the Milky Way. hp-khoi tiii hiah, ho nang
peh kua" chio ho a general levee. ;
o-kia° hp ciah when the Milky Way is over-
;
chua bo, hp nang se° tau-kfa"; send congratula-
head, the taro is edible. hp-khoi tiii tang 6- tions on a wedding day, or on the birth of a
kia° oi sang ; when the Milky Way is on the son. khp hi khp ho what one may be con- ;
meridian the taro is mealy.

gratulated upon. kheng hp to congratulate, ;
" with
kiong hp compliments."
m
Bui sia°
hp
264
30
5
To sing a second;
rhymes
hu hp he always agrees to what one
;
to.
to make
i
*^
^F*J
;
ho 140 The small leaved variety of

216 ~7~ the water-lily,
says, cek nang chiang, peh nang hp one man ; ho-pau a purse shaped like the leaf of a water
;
chants and all the others follow him. hp lily. ho-lang kok ;
Holland. hp-lang cii ;
mdng nang kai si cap the rhymes of a certain
;
Irish potatoes. hp-lang be-kiia ;
a riding
person. jacket of azure camlet.
DICTIONAUT OP THE SWATOW DIALECT. 155
.iSilk ,—_-* ho-nia To admoiiisli the people, hn 66 To apply ;

to divide and
^y^ ^^^ 763 as by au execution ; to __ 143 11 arrange,
use as a warning to others ; to deter by a hu ieh to apply medicines.
;
m hu 6ng not ;
warning. sufficient for the purpose. mui° gueh kai

ke to cie-piah cdi" ho-nia ; wearing the canguo, ngua eng khu m hu ;
each month the money is
before the wall that screens the door of the insufficient. naiig sio hu eng; the numberm
too small for the purpo.se.
yamun, in order to adtrionish othei's not to do
of people is eng to
likewise. cai hi°-ci'' li'o, khang khu kak ia" m hu ; hui-eng iTi hu not enough to meet
;
ho-nIa having had an arrow thrust through

; expenses. hu a mhu ? Is it enough for the
his ear, was lead around to each of the garri- purpose or not ?
sons as a warning. naai" io lio-nia do not be ;
one whose career is a warning to others. hu 130 The epidermis ;

the cuticle.
143
phue-hu the skin. 11 hwt- ;
ho 113 To protect, to shield, to de-

hu the cuticle and fine hairs.
;
sin-thoi hwt-
ll 15 fend as gods or spirits may.
5 hu si pe-bp se" kai, m ka° sie" tieh i ; the body
to give divine protection. is given us by our parents, and we must not
po-ho ;
wound it. phue-hu kai pe"; a skin disease a ;
^jr^* ho 102 To meet to bear.

; slight ailment.
|±| 867 ~S^ ho huang; to be exposed to
the wind. ciang-si khu to ho me" huang, co
^^h JBf^ hu-tu horn, a speaking A
lia li were you
mai*; if I I would not go out \f^l ~WKi 'J34 trumpet,
just now in the night air. ci hue cie° juah
pun tek hu-tu ; blow a bamboo trumpet. hu-
tieh lai hai-ki" cin-liang ko, ho hai huang cia" tu hiang cie pe" h'o ; the horn sounds, indicat-
ho just now, when it is so warra, one should
;
ing that the performance is about to begin.
go to a shady spot on the shore and get the
sea-breeze. 130 Rotten carius
— hgh — Mhu
cii liu-hiu"
145 ^8~
khu ;
hu-nua"; putrid.
if kept too long
; ; spoiled.
it will spoil.
khah kii
hph 38 a high degree of ex-

Very ; ;
p6 jue tieh hu-hu ; the cloth feels as if it were
#1;! .71
ceedingly. 3
kia" hoh hng ;
spoiled from long keeping. nek hu ; the meat
hph kii ; a very long time. is spoiled, u nang ciah kiam hu cwn hau" ciah
walked ever so far. hoh chin-chie° lu much ; hu kai some people in eating salt fish prefer
;
resembles you. se" lai hoh ngi'a ; is very well that which has become carius. kiam hu nng ;
favoured, kang-hu hoh ho ; the workmanship pickled rotten eggs. au kau hu ; decayed
to
is very good. chun u hoh coi have a large ;
putridity.
li hoh coi
quantity remaining. jit lio many ;
days ago. hph me"; very speedily. sit hph ZJL!^ liu 37 A man ;
a husband ;
an exalted
coi has lost a great deal.
; i kai
naiig hph ^XV 142 J
lady ;
work,
song-khuai he is very comfortable, hph cSu-
;
hu hu hu chi husband and wife, hu cii hu
; ; ;
hue ; very fortunate. kun my husband.

;
ce hu, mue" hu the hus- ;
band of an elder or a younger sister, hu che";

hph 196 The crane the stork. ; a fortune-teller's term for a husband. ji-hu ;
2i9 10 pgh-hoh the white egret, ; husband, ngo hu; I, your husband, ngo hu,
sien hoh the Manchurian crane. hoh hwt, hu-
;
ngo hu we, the stupid married couple.
;
th6ng ngwn he has hoary hair and a youthful

;
jin ; the wife of an official of high
rank. ju
hoh chek huang a swollen knee joint,
ba-jin; the concubine of a man of high rank,
face. ;
chin-chie" hoh jip koi khun like a crane ; la'u the chief wife of an official,
thai hu-jiu ;
standing among chickens, sie ciia-be ciia-hoh; ji

a
hu-jinconcubine who is the mother of an
;
burning offerings of paper horses and storks. official. soi" hu ; the husband of a widow,
— hu — coi" hu; a former husband,

husband
ku hu ; the living
of one married to another man. i-hu;
hu 86
Ashes; embers; dust; powder. wife's sister's husband. chin hu ; own hus-
, ^ 260 hue-hu ashes. thoa" hu
2 ; ; band. an official. tS,i hu
chiang hu a ; ;
charcoal dust, ngun-ciia ha the powder used ;

leader. chiang hu ; an eminent leader,
tai
in making spirit-money. tu-kut hu bone ; nng tang chiang hu ; a leader among women,
dust. hiie-hu sek ; gray. ngoi co hu ; sui hu kill, sui hu cua"; follows the husband to
triturate to powder, bua hu ; grind to powder. eminence or abasement, peh hu ciang a cen- ;
156 DICTIONART OF THB SWATOW DIALECT.
turion. liu c^; a sage. iSa liu cu a rabbi, ; hii 65 To spread on ;

to apply, as a
be hu ; a groom, chia hu ; a carter. cha hu ; 143 11 plaister.
a wood-cutter. 16ng hu farmers. ta''hu; ;
cang cia ieli khu hu ; take this medicine and
burden bearers. phit hu a common fellow, ;
apply it. mai" hii cek sin ; do not get it all
kio hu ; chair- bearers,
chng hu a villager.; over you. mai" hu khah khui-khuah do not ;
lau hu ; an old worker, phit hu cu fong com- ;

spread it over too wide a space. miu hii hie'
mon bravery. c6k iong cu hu one with onl^ ; k5u ; you need not spread it so thick. ko-ieh
ordinary self-possession. ôug hu, sok cu, hu khui lio cu tah 16h khu ; spread the oint-
mediocre people have commonplace children, ment and then put it on.
kang hu an adulterer. kang-hu ; in a work-
m
;
man like manner. cp lai kang-hu kang-hu ; hii 9 To stoop ; to condescend.

it is skillfully done. bo sira-mih kang-hu ; 140 8 hii hok t6 tl ; to
prostrate
not nicely put together. bwn hu put tng cu one's self, hii s\ cek-chiet to look down from
;
long ten thousand could not cope with him.

;
a height upon all. ngiang-kwn thi°-bAu,
hti-chak ti-li ;
to consider the astrologic and
hu 80 To address to to. geomantic influences.

tt^^ speak ;
•J 221 cheng-hu to call by an honor-

6 ;
hii 180 The membraneous viscera.
able name, cheng-hu i co cii ; called him lord, 145\kk hii; the stomach, gall-
8
ai" co-ni cheng-hu i ? By what name do you
bladder, large and small intestines, bladder,
address him ? hi" co-ni cheng-hu i cia° tieh ?
and three functional passages. ng6-c&ng l&k-
What is the proper title by which to address hii all the internal organs, hui hii; the lungs;
;
him ? clu io chin k&i lai cheng-hu call him by ;
the opinions.
the name of the nearer relationship.
hii 18 A vice ; a second ; a classifier
^^
'
J
hu 4 To reach a point at; towards;
224 4 ki-hu nearly; about to. ki-
;
;
glj
cSk
I'iS
ciii", cek hu
9
a principal and a vice.
;
of suits or sets of things.
hii
hu low military officers. hii png; Im kbng;

ai" puah on the point of tumbling, ki-hu
;
ia;
ki" si ;
at the point of death. ki-hu ai' lih ;
one who has just missed getting the degree of
about to burst. ki-ki-hu thoi"- iTi-ki" ; very si cia'
ku-jin. hu-ciang; brigadier general.
nearly sightless. soh ki-ki-hu tn<f khu the ;
kai a si hu kai?
Is it the principal or his
su-hu ; like. second ? khieh cek hu pit bak 1° lai bring a
rope is at the point of breaking. ;
Kii-hu si ; it appears to be. ua thoi" tloh sQ-hu set of writing implements. cek hu pua'-iia';
si, lu stt-hu m si I first thought that it was
;
a set of dishes. cek hu te-ku ; a set of tea
and then that it was not. dah loh khji to iJli things, chwn hu cip su; a complete outfit, i
sfi-hu rli-hd after eating it I felt worse.
;
ki»°- leng-ua° c§k hu sim-tng he is of a different ;
kai pe" su-hu lo ho hio°-se ; he seems a little nature.

jit
better to-day. m
to hu chii; it does not consist
hu A
in that. ^ tutor.
147thki-hu; the highest tutor.
10
6xo-hu ; the next to the highest tutor. thai-
hu 63 A gentleman's house ; a pre- cu kai thai-hii ; the crown-prince's tutor. tu-
145 6 fecture an office in govern- ; hu Professor.
;
ment; an officer over a department or bureau,

kua^-hii ;
officers ;
officials. nin kai kui hii t6 /f—I* hu 9 To hand over to; to put in
fi-ko ? Where is your residence ? cle" jit kau |\| 147 3 one's hands,
cun hii pki-hau, li
ngo lu rn to ; the other day si ua chin rain kau-hu khut lu kai I delivered ;
when went to your house

I to pay my respects it over to you myself. ai" hu tl-tiang khu?
to you, you were not in. hii-sia"; the depart- Whom will you engage to go ? hii-thoh lu
mental city. ti-hu ;
the prefect. ji hii,
sam c6 commission you to do it.
;
hu cheng-chd ;
hii; sub-prefects. the prince's uanghu; all delivered over into another person's hands,
palace. hu-cun chut u ko-si ; the prefect has much hu i khieh lai; put the things into his
issued a proclamation. cie" si-hii ; e si-hii ; hands to be handed over here, nguu hu i khu
the highland and lowland prefectures, hii tftu CO seng-li committed the money into his hands
;
lia kio i ta" jieh coi

tin long-cong to ; the Prefect, the Intendant to go and
traffic with.
of Circuit, and the General-in-Chief are all hue, i hii cu put bun; how many times have I
present. kia"-jit tai-jin lichuthuabo? Has told him, and he pays no attention to the
His Excellency been out to-day ? matter.
167
DtCTIONART OF THE SWATOW DULKCT.
there is a discrepancy between the statements

n/4* hii 80 To order ;
to enjoin on.
cdi" ftu k&i su hA ; the former m
of the two.
"I J 147 "5" hun-hu; to order; to give
him and the latter circumstances do not agree,
instruction to. hun-hu i cO-ni co tell
m
ciah 111 hu the writing does not tally.
;
;
ji
what to do. ua cai-sa" cok-hix lu I
gave you
hti; the parts do not match.
;
strict orders repeatedly. ua hun-hu, i m

chai ua, lu h(5 cai hun-hii i ; I tell him, and he 142 a butterfly.
hii hii-tlap ;
order him again

pays no attention to me, you 223 9 hii-tiap ap ; a box shaped like
concerning it.
a butterfly. 6i cp hii-tlap than ; make the
shoes with butterfly shaped ornamentation,
^
, „„^
i ai"
149
hu
2
go to.
156
he is going to enter upon the

kbu hu jim
duties of his office.
;
To
kui nang long-cong lai

repair to, to attend ;
to
hu-tiap kau ; broad hinges or butta.
ha 96 Pink coral, of the precious

buttons,
222 9" kind used for official
hu siah they are all present at the feast. hii
;
sang-hu ;
sien hii ; pink coral. eang-hu en ;
hue attend a meeting. hii su to repair to a
sang-hii teng ; a pink coral button.
;
; sang-hiH
be attended to.
place where business
is to chiu ; a spray of pink coral. ci kjii sang-hu si
ke kai a cin kai ? Is this coral real or is it an
hu 154 A madrigal ;
to receive from imitation ? i ki sang-hii cia" cgk liah tiig, lia
149 8 Heaven and bestow on men. ki sang-hu ku-a chieh tiig ;',hi8 branch of coral
co si co hu; make ballads, i kai
si hu; poems, is about a span long, while mine is several
hu se" 61 cie"-se"; such is his natural disposition. feet long.
^
by comparison.
144
hii 118
5
sie hu to burn
Charms
tally; to
;
incantations ;
correspond; to verify
to
m
Asia
hii
221
; foreign.
130
5
A
tars,
term for the Monguls, Tar-
and tribes of Central
fle hu
to write charms.
; ;
hu-jin, hii ti; Mongolians and Mongolia.
hii.
paper on which charms have been

written, n! tu un Tartars have not a hun-
jin bq peh ;
hu ciu spells, chvii li liam ciu, chiu li ue hu

;
;
dred years run of luck. c6i"-hu; a tonic medi-
repeating incantations with his mouth while cine, a shrub whose root tastes like ginseng.
Tvriting charms with his hand. thau tie hd
ch4-hu; a bitterish sudorific resembling gentian.
thau liam ciu reciting spells while he wrote
;
i kai
charms. ISng hu an effectual charm. ; hii 119 Incoherent careless foolish; ; ;
hu-ciu cin cai his spells are very effective,

; ,^^ 222 ~9~ paste,
pe" hu; the demon of sickness. kua° hu; the hu-thii foolish.
;
ci kai n^rg hii-hu thii-thii ;
demon of ill-luck. thien kua" hu a fata- ; this is an addle-pated fellow. i si hii-li hii-
lity, cu-si u hu sin kai hu boasts of having ; thii kai he is muddle-headed.

;
hii-hiin ; not
an amulet which protects him. i kua ii ISu- thdi" tieh hii-hu hun-hun ; it
perspicuous.
la hu to sin ; he has an amulet upon his pei'son. looks very indistinct. hii sueh; nonsensical
6ng hu-ciii lS,i bu cu hd take some water on ; talk. ciu ce cui i cu hii ng&,n Iwn gd ; when
which ^ spell has been cast, and expel it from fuddled with wine he is incoherent and reck-
the mouth in mist, and all will be well. less in his talk, ji-ciah mo".h(i, cheng-ch(5; m
Biang ko tiang-si to eng hu ui pe", hln-kim the letters are blurred. pie hu chte"; a paper
lau; in the most ancient times spells were hanger. soi su hu-thu, toa su boi hu-thii ; ha
much u.sed for the cure of diseases, and so is careless is small things but not in great ones.
they are at present also. ci tie" hu khu

ciah, ci tie" hu khu tab pang toa mng, cf tie" hu 85 A lake ;
a large pool.
hu khu tab pang pang mng, ci tie" hu khu 222 '9 Nanking raw silk.
hu si ;
tab pang min-chng, ci tie" hu khut kua"; let i

ngo hii, si hai all the empire. lu-hii a park,
; ;
him swallow this written charm, stick this phwn-iang hii the Poyang Lake. ;
tSi cien
one over the front door, this one over the phwn-iang hu a great battle. ;
bedroom door, this one on the bed-stead, and

let him hang this one upon his neck,
tk
pia" hu;
seal conferring unlimited military powers,
^^
nR. 223
hix 83
9
A tankard with straight sides.
ciu hii
;
a wine jug. te hd a ;
hu teng khap in ; fit the seal into its impres- tea pot. chong cek hu te lai infuse and ;
fiion. hu the seal and its impression.

in ; bring a pot of tea. me" hii a urinal. ciah ii ;
m siang hu m siang hu-h&h ;

the parts do not ; pua" hii cin has drunken
;
half a pot of ale.
match, no na,ng kî ue ta" lai hii-hah ; m tang-hu tih-lau ; a clepsydra.

158 DICTIONAEt 0* THB SWAToW DULKCT.
hu 94 The fox; foxes' far; distrastf al.

homo. clam gng m6ng n&ng hii If make ;
174) a brownie.
5 hu-sien
p8h hii ;
temporary use of a certain person to aid in tho
h6 a si hiie hu hd ? Which ia the best, the far settlement of the case. hu-su ; an envelope
of the white or of the red fox ? hu ke ho" ui ;
for papers ;
a portfolio.
a fox putting on the air of a tiger. tho sf hii
pui ; when the hare dies the fox mourna.
i thia° tieh
i thia"
hu-gi ; on hearing it he mistrusted,
Ifo, siru lii hu-hu gi-gi ; having heard
4
PI
grandparent,
hii
149
149 The announcement by a son
of the death of a parent or
~2"
hii-iia thiap; a card

it, he became suspicious. announcing the death of a
parent or grandparent. pang hu-im thiap ;
^
childhood.
hu
144
4
To uplift, uphold, support,
64
sustain, or help along,
tang soi hu-th! kau tua; brought him up from
hu i khi lai ; help him up. i bd
issue cards aunouucing a parent's death.
149 8 hu
hii 88 A wife.
hii; husband and wife.
hie" 6i kia°, lu tieh hu i he cannot walk very ; hQ-jin; a woman. hCi-nng; the women folk,
well, you must hold him up. la m si i hu hii-jin n&ng ; women, hlen-hii ;
a virtuous
tieh, cu puah loh khu if he had not held me ;
woman. phwt-hti ;
a termagant. meng-hii ;
up I should have fallen. hu-hu ohah-chah ;
a titled lady. hii-jin tieh fi sam chong, si
tah hu-chi'u-pang tek women must practice the three duties and
continually helped along. ;
cU loh kle ; when he drums on the support for four virtues.

the hands in the sedan chair, they set the chair
down. hu ISu thi lu"; support the aged and hii 113 To
inter in the family tomb.
the young. hu kua°-cha; bear a coffin, 147 5
h<iang-thai-h6 seng-lm thai-
khiong-ui hu tio m
afraid that I cannot ;
bie ; the empress is interred in the great tem-
sustaiu it. boi hd th cQ ; will not fail to hold ple, i kfti
phun, hd cSk p6i", hJi-cng i kui jl
itup steadfastly. lia thoi" li hu lu khf I do ; nt\ng ; his inferior wife ia interred in that side
not think you can support it. khut i k6i-koi of his tomb.
cu hu khi l&i; he can lift it with ease if he will
take hold of it. hu kha, hu chfa ; to uphold ;
.^> hii 88 A father.
to support the feet and the hands. S^^ 147 Boi' hii; my deceased father.
ke hii ; my father.
hii 7 Interlocking.
"f-|
_"... 226 2 kau-hu; dovetailed, hu siang hii 187 A subsidiary horse.
cio eng; mutual collusion. *WU 14:8 5 hii be ;
hiah hu ;
a son-in-law
of the emperor.
hu 159 To help ;
to assist ; to second.
146 7 sie-hu assists, hfi-co ; aids. To append ;
to join on ; an-
pang hu ;
to panglend aid
;
sie sie hu ;
to It
kai
A". ^"
hii to hu biie
nex ; supplement. hii-kuii
cooperate. hu a cabinet minister. hQ

cai ; tl-hng; adjacent land, ap- ;
thai-cu CO ui lend support to the crown prince

; pended hu hue hii ke cek kp annex
thereto, ;
in ascending the throne. hu i li ke su help ;

another piece, mih su to hii-hp i follows him ;
her in managing the house. sie hu giap-lak blindly in everything. liQ c§k huang sm ;
;
second the effort. bo nang hd hii chin no- inclosed a letter, hii toa° cek tie"; the inclosed
;
hua" nang hu kha hii order. i kai ngun-toa" si hii to sin toi ; his
body to lend a hand.
draft is enclosed in the letter. hiX ngun cek
chiu, CO khun-kia° cu hp if all take hold and ;
help it will be done in a little while. peh nie ; add on another hundred taels.
^3^ hii 149 To protect ; succor ; guard ;

hu 154 To bear on the back ; to
fi^C 226 14 convoy ;
aid. 149 2 assume ;
to turn the back
k\u-hii ;
to rescue. huang-hii ;
to guard from upon ;
to slight ; to fail.
danger. hii-cp succor.
pp-hii ; to give
; hii ce ;
in debt. hii khut jieh kii ;
how long
protection, hii-iie to escort, as with a
guard,
; have I borne oppression. hii sim chak ; an
eng ci ki kun to hii k^ ; make use of this troop ungrateful scamp. buang uu hii ngi ; forget
to escort the chariot. eng hii in benefits, i si koi''-thio pue-hii kai nang he is
huang ; ;
stamp it with a phai kui nang hii-sang

seal. a burden-bearer. phâ-hii put hiiam more ;
i khu chii ;
detail several persons to escort him able than common men. ci kî nûg sim si
phSa-bu this is a very able and learned hua 30 concord

;
H^pl Harmony ; ; agreo*
person. i hii ieh
m cai seng hu jA
he breaks the contract,
;
TH 254 5" ment.
seng hu succeed or fail.
;
hua-pheng; at peace. hua-hua-ph§ng-ph§ng ;
ho do not know whether he has succeeded or

; in complete agreement. sim hua, khi phSng ;
failed. ua bo khui-hu lu [ have not treated cek thwn hua-klu ; in
;
thoroughly reconciled,
you unfairly. lia m hii lii ciu si ;
I will not
perfect harmony. hua-klu ti siang ; a concil-
disappoint you. khi-hu to impose upon, ;
iatory disposition tends to intitnaoy. raai" sie"
ra khi-hu nang, la b6 thang pan uang khi-hu ;
hua-khi; do not disturb the harmony. hia°-tl-
does not impose upon anybody, and does not kia" hua-hua ktu-khi ; the brothers are very
allow any body to impose upon him. huang amicable. ang cfa sim si hua-sfln ; husband
thi" put hu kho sim nang high Heaven never ; and wife are in accord. in ang cfa hiia ; m
turns away from the sorrowful in heart.
they, the husband and the wife, are of incom-
hu 130 Flour made frona beans or

patible temper, ke-mn^ hiia-sun the families ;
P^F are in cordial relationship. kio chii-pi'' m

71^ 145 8 peas. hua-mok ; not on good terms with his neigh-
tau-lm; bean-curd, oi tau-hu ; grind peas for
bours. thi"-kh\ thio-hua ; the weather is pro-
making curd. tau-hu kua"; dried bean-curd, form a treaty of amity,
pitious, lip hua-ieh ;
hu JLi; soured bean-curd. hiang hu; hard ke cek ie" Iqh

bean-curd, tau-hu cie"; bean porridge, or pea
kang hua; to treat of peace.
khu hua bi ; put in one more kind, to render
soup. hu ki ; strips of bean-curd. hu moh; the flavor perfect. m
hua-hau; in accord.
hu phue the scum of pea soup.
;
tau-hu hue ;
siehua uncongenial. Ip ko phali lai m hua ;
;
blauc-mange made from bean flour.
the drums and gongs are not beaten in time,
hu 30 To breathe out. cang hi" lai hua i kai khek accompany his ;
song with the violin. hi" kio khek ih hua;

221 5 u hu ai cai alas, how very ;
the fiddle and the song are not in unison, hi"
sad it is.
sua" leng-ua" phah kau hua-hua manipulate ;
^^ ^° the string of the viol until it is in tune. soi"

J^Y^ - expletive at the end of sen-
toa" thoi" hua me; first thrum it and see iE it
J 224 4 tences.
is in tune. hua kau cau-cau ; attune them
cu hu ia cfa bosh (these four particles
;
it is all
until they all conform. sai hua nang mia ;
having in themselves no meaning).
hush up a homicide. Ifang c5u sai-khia-e
— hua — i
hua khu he secretly made a settlement with

;
the other party, chia" kong-chin chut lai hua ;

hua 149 Clamor a din. ;
invite a mediator to make peace, hua kau ta",
240 12 suang-hua; hubbub, kim-
hwn-h'o biie loh they have been making over-
ci suang-hua ;
all loud talking is strictly for- ;
tures of peace until now, and have not yet

bidden.
reached reconciliation, hua ieh buah to com- ;
hua 140 To squander to spend. ; pound medicinal powders. hua Ifo leng-Qa"
239 4 hua-hui tio jieh coi ci°-ngun hvvn; were conciliated and then disagreed again,
kiii hua kie" pang-i ko a costly arbitration is
cia" COseng ; much money was spent before it ;
was accomplished, hua-cu a spendthrift. better than a cheap lawsuit, nfn no nang hua-
;
hua ai" khu tl ko ? Where are you two going
^
boat,
hua
240
ci ciah hua-theng ai"
18
4
A pinnace
hua-theng
;
khu
a scow.
a lorcha, a cargo
tl-ko ? Where
so amicably ?
hiia 113 Misery, woe, suffering ;

to
is this lorcha going ? Rj 256 9 send woe upon.
pi hiia escape impending wrath.
;
lu raai"
^JP^ hua 115 Crops grain ; corn. ; jia hiia; do not bring misery upon yourself,
^|V 254 chS.ng-hua crops, miia-si- ; chuang hiia ; bring on calamity, hua put toa"
chu kai chang-hua ho cai everywhere the ; kia"; misfortunes never come singly. in hiia
crops are fine. tit hok; attain happiness through misery, hok
Bien, hiia im ; blesses goodness and sends woe
hua 140
Splendor ; glory. upon wickedness. hua i-pang pat nang kp ;
239 8
iong-hua; effulgence, gueh lay the consequences of evil upon somebody
hua bright moonlight.
; chia-hua c5i very ; else, hiia ai" lai Ifo ; misery is at hand, i kai
showy. tong-hua; China. tang h fang iong- hua ra hug Ifo ; his trouble is not far off. u
tua partake with him of his grandeur.
; hok li tang hiang, u hiia li tang tng ; if there
be joy we will share it, if there be sorrow we the whole family, consisting of several tens of
will bear it together. pae thi" hua ; sudden persons, is kept in the most
complete order by
calamity. cek jit co tuo-tue, hua to thi" cle° her. cfa su si tl-tiang \6 hQa" ? Who has the
pne when ; sitting at ease, sudden adversity management of this affair ? hua" seng-li ma- ;
came upon us. m cai si hua a si hok ;

do not nages the business. hOa" tSa attend the ;
know whether it is a calamity or a blessing. helm ; steer the thing through, hua" sio take ;
— hua" — charge of the accounts. cia ngun pkng ko

hua" ke leave this money to be laid out for
;
hua" 76 Pleased with ; gratified ; the support of the family, i kfti giieh Sn^,' jieh
, ^ _ 244 18 joyous, coingun liQa" ke ? How much is
required per
lu hua"-hi Are you pleased with
i rag ? liim ? month to keep the family ?
hua" sim a merry heart.
;
hua" thi" hi tl ;
extravagant joy. hua°-hua" hf-hi; delighted, 4-|M[

^>*1*"
?2 A bank a dike
; ;
a dam an ;
i thia" tieh slra si hi-hua"; when he hoard it he J'^sL 1090 9 embankment which prevents
was greatly pleased. i hua"-hf ci kfti nîig ;
overflow. cob cek tio hQa"; make a dike,
he is pleased with this person. hua" thfiu hi kla" tiie ci tlo hua" ko khu walk along this
;
chio ; gleeful), hai i hua"-hf si kill him with ;

bank, mna-ll-kp kfti toi-hCia" cpli kau kh\ang-
joy. hua"-hf kjiu thio jumped for joy. i t5a ; khiang, toa cia" bpi pang the dikes every-
ciii ;
hua"-hf; he is greatly pleased. where are strongly made, and when the waters
rise will not give way. cle" pang ciii ci tio
hiia" 149 All, altogether; the whole. hua" khut i itu khu, ta" tieh Ifti cph kui" ce ;
86 9 hua" nang cb-pii Itli ; they when the waters were last let off, this dike was
allcame together, hiia nflng khu tl-ko? Where overflown, and we must now make it higher,
have they all gone ? hiia" kai cp-ni ta" ? cph tio hQa" ping hiii-ki"; make a bund.
What did they all say about it ? hua" ktli su
liwn a hue ? Is the business all finished up hQa" 102 Revised paths between fields.
yet ? hua" kai much co hd ; all the things are Bt^

L^ 17 6 chftng hua"; narrow raised
finished. hiia" ksli to tui tl-ko khii ? Whore paths between rice fields, cph ke cek tio chftng
have the knives gone to ?
all hua" kai ue nQa"; make another dividing path between the
rice plots. chftng hQa" siak ku soi tio the
l<5ng-c6Dg tSeh all that was said was ;
;
right.
path is narrowed by long hoeing off. tui ci io
m
dilly-dally.
hAa"
282
85
5
i
Easy going
raai
to si
lazy and slow.
hua"- hua" n6
;
do not
hua"- hua" n6 he is very ;
;
toa tio kai hua" kiie khu; go by thia wider path.
hua"
165
107 Solder ;
to solder.
hua" i sie ciah solder them
8 ;
easy going. together. hua" khu m sie ciah it is not ;
soldered firmly. cie"-se' hua" khu rli toi"; in

gill hua" 209 To snore.
that way the solder does not hold. tieh cang
5fT 162 8 ut ki\u {(5
hua"; asleep and cfa lai hfla", cia" kien-kii you must use this in
snonng. M
hua" kau ua bQi ut you snore so
;
soldering it and then it will be firm. 6ng hQa"-

;
that 1 cannot sleep.

thftu lai hQa"; take solder and solder it. b6i
(^& hua" 16 To steady the pheng-se" lai kap hQa"-th4u buy borax and
;
footsteps by make solder.
_JXj
upon or against
700 6
to rest lightly upon,
leaning upon a prop; to lean — huah —
of the children for her to lean on.
h(5 hua"
;
ham kai a-no°-kia" kliut-i hua" chi'a ; call

u ki
koi kia"; with a cross-bar to stay
io
one
sam xm huah-hi To gape or yawn.
215 M
huah-hi si mak siap
a ill fei ? You yawn because you are sleepy do
i CO lio huah-hi huah-hSi
one's hand against, it would be easier to walk you not ? si
n4ng :
over. i hua" to lang-kang ko ; she leans on khun-kwn m&k-siap, a si hun-rgien ? Having

the balustrade, hua" to i koi"-thau ; stay your sat down he keeps yawning is it froin the :
steps bj? leaning upon his shoulder. lia kî sleepiness produced by fatigue, or is it because
chfu khut lu hua"; lean upon my arm. the time for him to take his opium has come ?
than huah-hi, th&u chun-lun yawning and ;
hua" 96 To take charge of ; to attend stretching at the same time. i td hnah-hl

519 7 to to manage
; to lay out, ; chun-lun, hfa ie" si phi kai ie"; he is yawning
as funds. mia°-ke hua"-ke ; she is expert in
i and stretching, as if he were tired and sleepy,
the management of a household. cgk ke, kui mng-klu'-ca huah-hi li'o, e-hai ka-lauh khu ;
cap n&ng, khut i hiia" kau iap-iap thiap-thiapj this morning he yawned and dislocated his javr.
sien-nng hia huam it is a fairy come into the

.if^ h\iah 77 To stride to step to ;
713 T straddle.
; ;
world, cia si m cai stm-raih che° sin 13,i
kkng
Cy^ kue a boi ? Can you stop across ? cSk
6i hiiali
huam kai; this is some unknown divine being
that has come into the world. thut-li huam
huali cek huah step by step. kta° bd kiii
;
tin kii li'o; shuffled o£E this mortal coil long ago.
huah kha cu sng I had walked but a few
twn bd su huam kai su has no earthly cares,
;
steps when my legs were tired. i kia" lo toa-

;
huah m huam kang; secular life the world. huam

toa huah he takes great strides. ;
;
tho se" kai ; of human origin. tSi htkam nang
kue cannot straddle across it.
;
CO h(5 cu ti ho po-eug whoever does well is
— hiiai recompensed.
;
iPJS
I
evil thoughts,
huai
243
huai sai sim seek selfish ends.

to hold within,
61
sim huai ak liam ; harbour
16
huai tho huai eng pregnant,
huai httn m
To cherish
;
;
;
m huam
To offend; to violate; to
94
transgress a culprit.
128
huara-j£n ; a criminal.
~^
huam cue ; to trans-
;
;
gress, huam cue kai nang a transgressor, ;
hiah persistently cherish dislike.

;
sim ISi ci kia° 6U si huam huap, m-hd co this is ;
huai m-ho kai i-su harbour bad intentions,

against the rules, and must not be done, kbi
;
khua-huai anxious. ; hflam to deliver up a criminal. mai° chok-

;
huam tieh i do not offend him. i cf kla" cue

T£a hiiai 82 To despoil; to ruin; to break ;
244 down. sng si go huam kai ; this offence is to be

r:^. 16
reckoned an unintentional one. kii huam; de-
long huai khu broken down and ruined. ISng
;
liberately transgressed, ku-i khu huam huap ;
kau hui-huai torn down and destroyed, pai-
;
break the law with a deliberate purpose, kam-
huai mia°-sek ruined his reputation.
;
huam ; a prisoner. ci kai su huam kim this
— huam — is a trespass, huam tSng cue li siu tSng heng;
;
he who commits a great crime, receives a haavy
m^
a flood.
huam
128
2
To inundate ; to overflow.
85
huam-lSm ; in motion, like
toa cui huam-lam ; the waters surge,
mua-si-chii hiiam-huara lS,m-Iam, ceng si cui
punishment. huam khin cue li siu khin
hgng he whose offense is slight receives a
;
slight punishment. chiu-huam ; one in cus-

i si huam tieh sim-mueh ? What has
;
tody,
everywhere a rising flood of water. i kai ue
he gone counter to ?
huam-huara ia,ra-lS,m theng ta"; his words pour
forth in a sti'eam of reckless speech. lu kai CI huam 16 All general.
tie mai" ta° khah huam-lSm do not deluge us ; J W 126 1 huam nang ta°-ue tieh mai"
;
with your words, co khu toa huam-lSm, theng hu-bu whoever speaks must not falsify, hiiam
;
CO; acts without restraint and recks nothing. su to tieh kiin-sin ; whatever business you have
on hand, you must conduct it with care,
hviam 85 ob- huam cek-chiet ke lS,i kai much to si i kwn
Y>^ Floating; unguided ;
;
l/C 128 5 jectless ;

to drift, whatsoever there is in the house she takes con-
phu-huam floating about.;
i co .su
ph^-phA trol of it. hiaam sim-raih nang whosoever it ;
huam-huam, in tieh sit he does things very ; be. tSi huam kai
ii si much
phi" ii si to si
Buperficially, and is never thorough. ci kî
kiii; things in general are sometimes cheap and
nang khah hiiam this person is too unsteady. ; sometimes dear.
hu kai a-no"-kia° huam cSi that child is very ;
careless. huam be huam n&ng khia vicious ;

^B hiiam 61 Grief; tribulation; afflic-
horses find reckless riders. kai ngdn sin,
i iM£% 248 7 tion ;
to be vexed,
thdi" tieh khah huam, m ce"; the expression of tu Ifo Su huam
ward off distressing con-
;
his eye is too wild and unsettled. gua khau sequences, hua-huam affliction. to huam- ;
hiiam-huam, kio nang kau-iu ;

wanders at will, lang tang in tribulation.
; po bd Su-huam ;
with pleasure-seekers. protect from subsequent misfortune. huam

pe°; a distressing malady. c6h Ho Sa-hiiam;
tJ hiiam 16 Human; mortal; every- cut off subsequent occasions for vexation.
• l^ 126 body; usual, common,
1
huam-jin ; mankind. huam hu, sok cu the ;
hiiam ;
118 A law
a rule ; a standard.
common people the vulgar. i kS,i
ptin-nfa
; 128kai huang-hflam sim si
9 i
elt-cSi hui huam ; his ability is really above ngiam his prohibition is strict indeed.
;
cau
the average. cu huam kai su to l&u-tSng lii ; put kue i huam-ui ; cannot run counter to hia
give you much trouble about all this. cu bI restrictive rule.
162 DICTIONARY OF THB 8WAT0W DIALECT.
— huang — huang cheng, gueh peh cool breezes, and ;
moonlight nights. hau" huang liu fond of ;
tj^ ^^^ huang-thang Boasting talk, gas- gaiety. huang-liu chai cu a fast young ;
/r^ Fvit 861 conade, exaggeration. man. huang-cui the influence exerted on
;
i kfii ue huang-th3,ng cSi his language is very
;
the welfare of the living and the dead by the
extravagant. s6 ta" kai ue
huang-huang bearings of sites. huang bQn rumors. lia ;
thang-thang, bd ku sit ; what was said was the huang bun-ki° fi ci kla" su; I heard a rumor
wildest exaggeration, without a word of truth sia"
of this. tong huang pfi"; apoplexy.
in it.
huang a cold rheumatic pains.
; ;
iii huang ;
afraid of drafts, pun c6k tin huang chue khu;

Jvifc^ huang 61 Nervous; alarmed; agitated. blown away by a gust of wind. khut huang
IJlu 253 10 rahi" khah huang- marig do ; But cih khu whisked off and broken by the
;
not be too hurried, sim huang, i \wn ; agitated wind, huang kQi°; a fanning mill, tie" huang;
in mind. huang-huang ciang-ciang ; in trepi- puffed up with wind. ciah lio se° huang ;
dation, i ka.i sim huang-lvva ; she is flurried.

productive of flatulence, huang juah kek kau
thftu-khak hin cfii had the perspiration
;
huang 182 Wind ;

air in motion ; checked so completely as to produce headache.
JH 155 breath. huang-kh\; neuralgia, huang sip; malarious,
Bun huang, tit 11 ; may you have a fair wind lang-lang huang-huang; giving ingress
to
and prosperous journey. ngek huang; go many currents of air. hoi lang-huang does ;
against the wind. huang sun, eng oe" ; fair not admit the air. lii mih huang ? lu slm-mih
wind and smooth waters, lu ti jit î" stin huang chue lai ? What brought you here ?
huang ? On what day do you sail ? thi-ke hue, pkng cek ko khut i thau huang; leave an aper-
ai" chia" lu ciah sun huang cia. I invite you ; ture for ventilation. huang thau lai na-nft ;
all to take a parting cup with me before you the wind is hot. bd huang no breeze, tang ;
Bail, huang cle° p6i°; to windward, huang S a huang ck" hd sai ; wait till the wind rises,
poi"; to leeward. khuang huang, me" h5 ; then put up the sails, cia" huang h<5 sai, a hue"
violent wind and rain. hie°-e huang, sla" l&i, huang h<5 sai ? Which is best for sailing, a
ho ; windy, the city rainy.
the country is Id wind that comes directly astern,or one that
m-hd chue tieh huang ; you must not let the comes at right angles to the course ? huang
wind blow upon you. mhi" ki" huang ; do not thio h6 siin ; just enough of wind and rain,
expose yourself to the wind. toa huang, toa khut huang phah ka-lauh loh lai ; blown down
ho ; high wind and heavy rain. than huang ; by the wind, huang bo a hood. pu huang
;
the wind blows gently. chue huang the ; chok ia"; chase the wind and catch shadows ;
wind is pun huang; to blow up
blowing. it is mere idle rumor. chiu-sin khia tit cia",
with the breath. m-ho lau huang make it ; m pha" chiu-biie huang io-tong the erect tree ;
air tight, khau huang bends under the force

; does flot fear having its top shaken by the
of the wind. la huang; dry in the wind, wind.
cek tau tang huang, sa° tau ho ; to a peck of
-
east wind there are three pecks of rain. tieh f^ huang 70 Proper, correct; a rule,
than toa pak huang c\a° oi ce°; if there were y/y 132 a way, a means ; there-
to be a strong north wind it would clear, upon.
lam huang hue schools of fish that appear twn huang si-cia"; exactly square. toa-tCa
;
u slm-
with the rising of the south wind. si phi" huang-huang; on an extensive scale.
huang a shifting wind.
;
sun huang ki a ;
mih huang-huap ? What way is there of doing
wind vane one who falls iu with whatever
;
it ? kia" huang-pien ; to act as circumstances
is said. huang ho cam a barometer, ci kai ; may render expedient. cie°-se° io huang-pien ;
much this way is the more convenient. co mih su

tl-hng khah hip huang ;
this place is too
shut off from the wind. to tieh u huang u huap ; in doing things there
phuah huang-16 ; I have
must be method. ua huang-chai lai
fan the fire in the furnace. huang c^k cun ;
c6k cun ; the wind comes in gusts. huang- just come. tang i lai huang ho co su; wait
thai a typhoon.
;
ai" co huang-thai ; there is till he arrives and then act. huang-kim kai
si-sok to si cie°-se°; such are the practices
going to be a gale. kia°-cun ngo tieh phah
thau huang ; meet adverse winds. of the present time. ni huang cap-poih ;
huang
about eighteen years of age. ka kia" u ngi
gueh chie tham ; small talk. chin huang;
kua" huang cold, bleak winds, liang huang ;
; huang ;
there ia a correct method of training
a bi'eeze. cheng huang ; a refreshing breeae. children.

Disturbed fluttered
140 Neglected; void; obsolete. A\^ huang-hufc ;
.'>Y huatig jKljk,
;
250 6 liUA^ |yu 253 unable to collect one's

JXC' cie^-sikaikang-hubuang-
hui cSi work, now-a-days, is very intermittent,
;
thoughts.
tl-bng bo kliu siu-sip huang-huang
hui-bui ; hiiang-hut, thoi" b6 hie" being flurried, tia";
the place baa not been put in order and is very- did not see it distinctly. huang-hiiang hut-
hut ai" kliu ti-ko ? Where are you going in
dilapidated, tring kitu ni cng kai buang-so ;
tbis year it bas been wboUy unattended to. such trepidation ? tbia" kbu buang-hut, m
i ta° ue tia"; listened in a confused way, and was not
buang-i'a kai ti-hng a wilderness. ;
siiu si buang-thang; what be says is utterly certain about it. ceng sin hiiang-hut all ;
a year of dearth, ni in a fluster.

untrustworthy. huang ;
huang im bo to total neglect of duty. h6ng-

;
9 To imitate to copy after.
hiiang
huang kai si-bau in very dull times.
;
;
134 8 huang i ksli ie"; follow his
104 insane.
huang Leprous ;
example. hiiang i kai huap follow bis rule, ;
156 9 toa huang leprous, ;

huang lai sio c{ti it is
very exactly copied,
;
raua^-buang ; the leprosy, huang-tien insane, ;

biiang ko kai pit i delineate it in the ancient
;
huang mo°, sau sin a maniac. ;

style, ci kai biiang lai bo sa" sia"; this has bat
© I? huang-to a district on
huang 163
the Yangtsze in the east
158 18
;
a slight resemblance to the pattern. cang ci
kai CO ie" pun lu biiang I will take this for a;
^g^r model for you to copy.

of rfzecbuen, where the fire wells are. huang- jwn biiang, biiang iIi
sio howsoever I copy, the copy bears no like-
huang-to tai-t\ the ruler
;
to tl-gek Topbet. ; ;
ness to the original, ci pak lie koi biiang; this
of Hades.
scroll is easily copied. biiang mong nang kai
The space between the
130 Ie" lai CO; make it like that of a certain person.
^^
^ huang
^
heart and the diaphragm.
250
pe° jip kq-buang bo ieh ho ui when the
disease
enters the vitals no medicine can cure it.
;
W
pt/^
hiiang 149 To search out to inquire
134
concening.
4 into to inform one's self ;
;
^-|*
41 To seal up; to inclose in
huang biiang-bun i i"-keng lai ; obtained information
iJ^J 156 6 an envelope a seal, ; that he had already arrived. am hiiang ;
huang in, khui in to close and open public ) secretly inquire into. tti-pang co pheng-sie"
offices at the end and the beginning of the nang kbu am hiiang dressed like a common ;
year. huang mng seal up a door. huang ; person, and went and secretly examined into
phue huang tio
; strips pasted across a door,
; the matter. am-ce" khu chip biiang secretly ;
and sealed with a goverment seal, huang cun; pursued and. searched into. che hiiang; to
to impress a boat. huang sO to lock up and ; search out. khu mua''-ti-ko hiiang bien-jin ;
seal. cek huang sin ; a sealed epistle. cek go everywbei'e seeking out the wi.se. ta" i"-
huang ngun a sealed packet of money, huang

; keng biiang kau meng-meng peh-peh have ;
mi^-mi"; huang kiu-kin sealed tightly. khui ; now by inquiry found out the whole truth,
huang open the seal.; huang-tang an envel- ;
hiiang mng ; inquire about it in order to
ope, sai ngvvn huang ngun pay out the ; ascertain the facta.
original parcels of money. ngwn huang put
toug the original seal bas not been tampered 66 To relax to indulge.
;
"fc^ huang ;
with. ci tie" sin huang h'o ho khap in ;

seal
/fj^ 135 mai" huang sim don't
4 lii ;
and then stamp this letter. be heedless, i

hnang-su cSi he is very impu- ;
dent, i si huang-hiiang tang-tSng, bo kii cia"-
huang 120
Pongee. keng su ; he is very willful and disregards all
IJ/-J 135 hiiangtia; thick pongee,
"4~
propriety.
toa huang sie biiang fine
; repped pongee. ;
pongee.
l^f^ huang 170 To ward oS ;
to guard
"^n^ "^"fe hiiang-hut Resembling ; seem- [trj 134 4 against; to provide against;
1/Kl// 135
inKjJjke.
a dike ;
a defense.
kio bo
buang-hut; somewhat like, thoi" tieb hiiang- iihuang pi prepared for. ii huang
; pi,
hut it appears like it.
; buang-hut chin-chie" huang bo pi, cu m tang there is a ;
diiference
si it bears a I'esemblance to it.
;
ua hu hue between being prepared for a thing, and being
thoi" khu huang-hiiang hut-hufc, m tla"; 1 then taken unawares by it. i soi"-soi° cu. cai u-
saw it indistinctly. huang i he took

; precautions against it long
164 DICTIONAET OF THE BWATOW DIALKCT.
before. cek kok hiiang ki lay up grain 201 A gymnasium.

;
hAang
against a time of dearth. toi-huang ; an em- 236 18
c\n hxiang-keng; enter col-
bankment raised a.s an obstruction. siu-sip lege, huang mng siu-sQ a literary graduate ;
toi-huang t6 huang-gfl toa ciii repair the dikes ; who haci really earned his degree, not bought it.
to keep out the flood. huang huang a ;
remedy against colds and flatulence. hai-

huang 86 A great blaze.
huang kai su-bu chiet-io the business of the ; 251 9 teng cek hui-huang; resplen-
coast guard is importart. m cai huang i did ; dent with lights.
not take precautions against it. huang ch&k — hnap —
lai thau protection from thieves.
;
i ki° hai
Id, lu tieh cai huang i; he means to injure you, 85 A law ; a statute ; precepts
huap ;
you must be on your guard against him. hdang 123 5 the rules for or science of;
Bin kiii ke-hue weapons for self-defense.
;
Bî an art a code.
;
khu huang-tu hu kdi io-khaa sent to defend ; kok huap; national code. lut-hnap; huap<
that important pass.
Idt; laws, huap-to ; regulations, huap-cak;
set of rules. h6ng huap ; penal laws. 16i
The female of the phenix,
10
huap ; rules of etiquette. i si oi hii
huap
Mhfiang 251
9 a fabulous bird whose ap- he is one who can lay a spell, ci'a cu b6 huap
;
poaiance indicates great prosperity to the land, li'o; there is no way of doing this, lai sio" c6k
hong huang; a pair of phenixes. peh cfo chio kai huang-huap; think out some means of
huang all the birds attend the court of the
;
compassing it. bo huap bd cak cfti c6 tit seng ?
phenix. hong-huang tJiu chu the phenixes ;
Without any method or plan for attaining it,
have arrived here ; the harbingers of good for- how can it be accomplished ? nan \M siet
tune have come.
huap let us lay a plan, ti sim-mih huap n5 ?
;
M
huang-gai
"m" ?
lay obstacles in his way.
tieh i ; sU
To oppose
impediments,
;
an obstacle ;
In what way can it be done ? cie"-se" cu slang
slenhuap; this is the very best plan. i k&i
huap-lak kau-kh!ang; bis arts are powerful,

huap 8ut ; black arts. thoi" Sng sIm-mih M
phi" bo huang bo gili ; no obstacles in any
direction. Id thoi" Q huang a b6 hAang ? huap lai chii-tx i ? By what means do you
Do you see any ditBculties in the way? huang think it might be regulated ? hQam huap ;
chu huang pf ; hindered by this and that, cfa break the rule. ci kai kua' sim si cip huap;
to put huang kai bu; there is no difficulty this magistrate adheres very closely to the laws.
about i mih su siu loi siu huap in everything he
this. huang hien go kok; (o oppose the usages and
;
the worthy is to harass the nation, bo huang follows keeps the statutes.
a ; BO matter about that. chfing \i huap sa" lo tieh long-long hi'o ; the
circumstances, the principles, and the rules, must
106 all be understood, hut huap hd pien; Buddhist
huang Exalted; august; impe-
250 1 rial. rules are without limit. chi'a" kai huap-su lai
huang-ti ;
the Emperor. huang-ho ;
the jlo i get a professor of the black art to come
;
Empress. huang-slang His Majesty. thki ;

and exorcise it. cie°-se'' cia" hah huap ;
that
according to the rule. cf-ko kai nang iii
Biang huang the Emperor's (living) father,
is
;
huang un ; imperial favor. huang thai-cu ; huap the people here revere the laws.
; i
the crown prince. kai ka-huap hd his instructions are good,

huang thi°; high Heaven, ;
gek huang siang-ti the highest of the gods. ;

ka Ui tit huap; instruct in accordance with
i khu oh
the established usage. huap ; he has
142 The locust.
huang gone to learn how to do the thing. lien i kai
251 9 huang-thSng ka tlo tlu ;
pithuap learn his style ;
of writing. i kai to
the locusts devour the ript3 grain.
huap ho cSi his fencing ;
is very fine. th6i'-
ki" ah chut h nap-tie" khii cia' huap saw him
^ huang 195 The sturgeon.
i
escorted to the execution ground, to have the

;
^3& 251 9 hiiang-hd nau ; sturgeon's law executed upon him.

brains. ang kun-huap
phol"; judged according to military law. cie" •
huang 61 Dread, tremor, apprehen- Be" tieh huap ; that is rightly done, i si
pat m
251 9 sion. huap he does not know how it should be done,
;
huang -khi'oug fearful, i sim l5i slm si huang-

;
m hio huap, m
hi'o lut, theng co ; ignorant of
khiong his mind was very much perturbed,

; usages and rules, doing almost any way. mio-
scared. si uang huap contempt of court. i si mio-
kia'-huang ; ;
hnap cSi, tloh tSng phoi"; he holds the laws in betrothed, or succeeded in hia degree. hue
contempt, and nanst be severely dealt with, chie"; a florist. phah hue mIn ; paint the face
i cie''-se° bo huap bo liit, tieh cai keng-kai i ; for acting. hue-theng ; a brothel. i kai
pit
being thus lawless, he must be put under I'os- hue t<5 khui ; he is a very accomplished scholar,
traint. khut nang ho hau huap be a good ; ue hue ; paint flowers. chiah hue ; darn in
flowers. siu hue to embroider.
example for others. ; eng ch&ng-
pha" khu CO hue-hah ; make the petals of pith-
"/ Ik hue 86 Lime mortar. ; paper, boi cek tiii hue-thaa skng i ; buy a pair
/J\. cieh hue ; stone lime.
260 "2' sap of clusters of flowers for the head and present
hue ; lime made fi'om shells. no ie" hue ti ie" them to her. hue-puah ; flower pots. hue-
ho ? Which of these two kinds of lime is the kng ;
flower jars, hue-kang; vases, hue-hng;
better ? ceng hue chie"; pound a chunam flower gardens, hue-g^ ; wood carvings, kia"
wall. liam hue plaster with mortar. ;
hue hue, cui gueh ; reflections of scenery in water ;
kun ; cement. thang-Su-hne putty. thai iu° ; evanescent beauty. hue ti a florist's garden. ;
hue ;
sifted lime. kai min kai hue the ; mi"-hue raw cotton.
;
ci chu bo hue, pat chu
plaster on the surface. cang hue lai p6 take ; chai ; if there are no flowers here, go elsewhere
mortar and mend it. hue tho-kak bricks ; to gather them ; if this place does not suit you,
made from lime and clay. hue lo a chunan ; .seek another, hue na ; flowered baskets, n'g-
road. hue tia"; an area made with chunam. phang chai hue ; the bees flit from flower to
phah hue khu make a chunam mortar for;
flower. cu si cek ki hue ; pretty as a flower,
pounding rice. hue-tiig a co cieh-po make it ; a i cek ki hue ki snatch a branch of his;
appear by argument that pieces of old chunam flowers; take advantage of his profits. thui
pii^-lo hue betel
walls are stones. nut lime, ; hue mong l&i hp cSi ; he plays his part as an
eaten with siri leaf. ko buk, si hue utterly ; acrobat well. to hue phah lai hp cSi ; the
dead to like a decayed tree or long slaked
; figures he draws with his sword in fencing are
lime. simhue; no desire for; disheartened, very fine. sin hue-chau ; a new style of
sim m hue ; my desire is unfulfilled. ornamentation. phang hue boi ang, ang hue
boi phang ; fragrant flowers are not brilliant,
hue 140 A flower flowered ; or- ;
and brilliant flowers are scentless. hue tieh
239 ~4~ namented. ka-ki khui kai cia° ii eng, peh i khui kai bd
cek liii hue; a flower, cek cang hue; a flower- eng ; flowers that have themselves blossomed
ing plant. cek ki hue a branch bearing ;
are useful, those that have been picked open
flowers. mia° hue; a celebrated flower. hue are not. i si lai to hue-chau kai ; he comes
hah petals.
;
hue sim the pistil. hue chiu ; ; just to pass away the time. ham i mai° t(5
Btameus. hue lili sepals. hue hS,m liii a
; ;
chiie hue-chau; tell him not to spend his time
bud. eng hue ak hue water the flowers, ; ;
in merely amusing himself. khut nS,ng chia"
tiah cek pe hue phick a nosegay. ;
hue mia" khu ciah hue ciu ; has been invited to a libid-
cheh a roll of the employes or clerks.
;
hue inous entertainment.
mia"; an alias. khui hue to blossom. b6- ;
hue-kue chiu ; a fig tree. po hue sterile ;

ill*, hue 86
Fire; flame; exciting humors;
flowers. chah hue wear flowers in the hair, ; XV 265
fever; urgent,
hue cam ornamental hair pins.
;
hue ngan, hiie-me"; a spark. hue-me''-ko; a firefly,
kha gii figures of speech. hue hue kong-cu ;
hue-iam ; a blaze. hue-cih flames. hiie- ;
;
a young rake. hue hue si-kai a thoughtless ; thoa"; charcoal. hue-cha; cu-lai-hiie lucifer ;
age. hue hiii jieh coi ci"-nguiQ ? How much matches. hiie-hu ; ashes. hue-cieh flint, ;
money has he squandered ? hue koi, Hu hiie to ;

a steel for igniting tinder. hue-hla";
si i kai hue kia"; tinder. live coals. htie-sai cin-
hang illuminated streets.
; hiie-ceng ; ;
it is a child whose birth he foretold. thoi" ders, hue toh the fire burns.
;
hue kue the ;
hue teng ; transparencies. hue long gueh fire has gone out. hue me"; the fire is a hot
hue mang a slow fire. hue-thau a
mSu"; pretty faces, thien hue the small pox. ;
one. ; ;
mak hue mak-ciu hue the sight blurred.

; ; cook, a scullion, hue-khi ;
caloric, tien-htie ;
hue chau flowered. hue jl figured. in-hiie; fire-works. sie in-hue

; p6 lu ; lightning. ;
bI ai" u hue-chau kai a si ai" so kai ? Do you to let off fire-works, hiie-suh ; rockets, hiie-
want flowered or plain cloth ? ci khi chau- s§ng a large fire-cracker, hiie-thang; a piece
;
chieh kai hue-ji ;

the figures in this sort
I'o
ngia of fire-works resembling a fountain, htie-pau ;
of matting are prettier. cam hue ; stick a torpedo, hue-kwn; a bomb-shell, hiie-ci"; a
flowers in the cap of one who has married his fiery dart, hiie-ieh; ammunition, hue-iu; coal-
166 DICTIONABT OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
oil. hi5e-cng; a fire- wheel. se" hue ; inflam- draw well. ta clijl m h(J kttii hue ; dry wood
mable, koi-koi ciah hiio ignites easily, toh
; should not be kept near the tiro. kiii-hiie ; a
hue; to set on fire, hue seng; the fire flares up. jivck-o-lantern. sin-hue; a mysterious light;
hu-hiJe; febrile, sit hue; has a fever, sira-hiie; a wilUo-the-wisp. hiie swn ; a sparkling gem.
internal heat. kua" hiie inflaraation of the ; hiio-cfo ; a flying cinder. hiie-pa,i ; a tablet
liver, htie-pe; a torch, hue-thiia; soot, hde- giving notice of an official visit. hiie-sit; the
in ; smoke, khi hiie; to build a fire, hue se"; mess-room; the cook-house. hia"-hue; put fuel
irrascible. mai" khah se° hde-se"; do not bo on the fire, kai gAeh eng jieh coi ci" cha hiie ?
too hot-tempered. tl-k5 sit hiie? Where did it What is the expense per month for fuel and
catch fire? lai khu kiu hiie; let us go and lights ? hue hau kku ; it has been long enough
help put out the fire, phah hue 16 tear down ;
at the fire. hue-Id ; a grate ; a stove. khieh
buildings to prevent the spread of fire. kla' thih-ki", khu koih hiie; take the tongs and nip
hiielo; to walk the fiery road, as a spirit- up some hue ku the things used about
tire. ;
medium hue chiam an urgent dispatch,

does, ;
tho fire. hiio khang; a brick platform,
ue ta" Wi khah se° hue-khi spoke with too ;
warmed by a flue, and used as a bed. im hiie,
much heat. i kfli hue-khi toa cJli his temper ; iang hiie; a concealed fire or an open fire,
is very hot. i ni-hue lû h'o, tho hiie, tho kaa bun bii hiie ; a fire partly concealed, and partly
ta" cng kai b6 hiiu-klii as he advanced in years
;
exposed. cang hiie lai un ; take fire and.
his temper became more even, and now he is scorch it over, hang hde ; hang it by the fire.
not at all testy, hiie-kng bellows. eie hiie ;
;
ihk hiie ; to poke the tire. cang thih-sioh l&i
Set on fire with a burning glass. hiie-che"; tha i kai hiie-thoa" sang-lftng ; take the poker
the planet Mars. hiie phuah me" c6 ; fan the and loosen the coals so as to admit the air.
fire and make it burn hotter. hiie-sok ;
at kak pang hiie k6 sie tio; throw it in the tire
great speed. hiie-cng to cremate, ; hwt hiie- and burn it up. thai n&ng, p^ng hiie murder ;
pu; a beacon light, hde ho a signal made by ;

and arson. pang hue kfti n&ng; the incendi-
a light. teng-n&ng hue ho ; a signal lantern, ary, hiie m sie sua", tl tu pui ground that ;
khieh khu hiie t6ng hue put it in the fire and

;
has not been burned over is not fertile. m6ng
burn it up. ut hue ; smothered heat. piin k6 cau hiie-cai, sie si jieh c5i nang there has ;
hue to blow the tire, piiii kiie hue blow out

; ;
been a great fire in a certain place, and many
the light. hue-cih ioh-ioh-sih ; the flame people were burned to death. cui hue bd
flickers. hiie-cih phu khi Ifti the flames are ; n&ng-chdng water and fire have no humanity,
;
rising. mai" khut hue-stii phiin tieh ; do not kek hue ; a smothered fire. khut hiie sie p6"
get hit by the cinders. thi° loh hue thi" t<5 ;
khu burned to the ground, cin kim put pha*
;
t6h hue ; a burning sky. khieh khu hue-thoa" hiio, lien ku la sio-sih pure gold does not fear
;
t6i pA kku ang-&ng ; put it among the coals the fire, yet if it is long in the crucible it loses
and heat it red hot. hue-lak toa cfti ; the heat a little. me°-me hiie" cha-khi-lai cia" hp ciah ;
is intense, khang l6-kui° kai hue siang u lak ; fry it over a very hot fire and then it will be
blow up the fire in the furnace, with the fixed toothsome. hiie jiet-jiet; very hot flames.
bellows, until the fire is at its hottest. bo hie°-hue to ; a little bag holding incense ashes,
hue" bo che", co-ni kSa° lo ; how can we travel worn as a charm, ciang-cu hong-sQ hie°-hue ;
when we have neither starlight nor lantern- the eldest son kindles the incense sticks, hiie
light, chut chui cu cek pe hue; his words were chia ; a steam car. hue cun ; hiie hun cun ;
like a torch. cieh hue ; to warm one's self by hiie lun cun ; a steamboat. thien hue thi" ;
a tire, pue hue to dry by a fire, hue-thang;

;
hiie ; a thunderbolt. ci ie" ch& io uah hue ;
a brazier. hiah hue; let the fire go out. thd this sort of wood burns well, ci Ie" ch& m uah
tio hiie-klu ; diminish the heat, lu mai" cang hiie ; this sort of wood burns badly, eng hiie-
thû-mo° khu chih hiie ; do not go so near the gu-tin phua i made use of a file of oxen, hav-
;
fire as to singe your hair, hiie jii phah jii toh ; ing knives fastened to their horns and torches
the more you stir the fire harder it burns. ci to their tails, to break their ranks, thia" tieh,
le" mueh io sia hue this is a cooling stuff,
;
ci cek to hiie when I heard it I was filled with
;
Xe" cheng sim-hue this kind dissipates internal

; rage. tieh cai lau hiie-ceng you must ;
heat, i no
n^ng ju ciii kx° hue; the two are like remember to save some fire for kindling again,
fire and water meeting. hue cih ci tieh the ;
hiie kuang the effulgence of a blaze.
;
mki'
flames licked it up. cang hue nS; singe it in the khah kue hiie; do not keep it too long at the
flame. khut hiie sie tio khu; was burned up. fire. m-hp khah cx° hiie, ia m-hp khah sek
ci kai huaug-16 khah hip hiie, m thong hiie ;
hiie ;
do not cook it either too little or too
this earthen stove is stufEed up, and does not much, lui hiie; electricity passing from the
DICTIONA.ET OF THB BWATOW DULKCT. 167
earth to the clouds; a stroke of lightning, hde m-pat hiie tieh khu rang pat hiie; those who do
know must go ajid inquire of those who do
uang-uang-kie ; the fire sputters ; the sound of not
muttering flames. hiie hu-hu-kie the fire ;
know, oi hiie tieh ka boi hue ;
the competent
roars; a low heavy sound of devouring flames, must teach the incompetent. cp seng-li hiie
ceng-iu hiie cleansing fires.
;
si cp seng-li hijo kai ie°, cph-chang hiie si cph-
chfing hiie kai io"; traders have a certain style
hue 9 Furniture a of their own, and agriculturalists a style peculiar
Aj^ ; goods ; gear ;
j/V 255 4 comrade. to themselves. lu thoi" sai-kok hiie kai nftng

ke-hiie implements,
;
ke-hiie co-pu khieh Ifti ; ho a tang-ie' hiie kai nang ho ? Which do you
bring your tools with you. ke-hiie raueh-kia"; consider the better the people of western or of
gear, toa ke-hiie kai nang one having much ; eastern lands ?
household property, i oi co ke-kiie ; she accu-
mulates property. lien ke-hiie a tried weap- ;

hiie 149 To teach ;
to admonish ;
on, hue-tie"; a mate, on a foreign ship. toa- P"^ 264 7 counsel,

hue, ji-hiie chief mate and second mate, nan
;
ka-hiie ; instruct, teaches
ka-hiie i kai kia"-tl ;
lai hah hiie; let us mess together, her children. i kai ti-cu to si cun i kai ka-
tiang-si ai°
jlp hue ? When are you going to move in to hiie ; his pupils respect his instruction. la
that house? chut hue; to move out the iong hiie ira, bwu chang hue tSu ; ogling looks
household stuff. invite to wantonness and carelessness induces
thieving.
hue 36 A comrade ;
a colleague ;
a
255
11 crony, At^ hue 21 To alter ; transmute ; change ;
hxie-ki ;
a partner. nan l&i cp hue-ki let us ;
I U240 2 transform,
go into partnership, hiie-ki coi, oh co su; the cau-hue incidentally.
; theng-cSu-hue as it ;
interested parties being many, it is difficult to may chance. cSa-hiie cSi fortunately, lu ho ;
transact business. hah-hue ; a crony. ci kai c5u-hue; you are very lucky, m jip liang hiie;
ei i t&ng hue kA,i chak these are his fellow
;
uncivilized. hu kai ti-hng m jip uang hiie ;
thieves. sa° iii ai" chii kai co-ngwn cu u, sa" that country does not become civilized, kam-
ni ai° chap kai ho hiie-ki cu bo ; if you want a hue nang kai sim; convert people's minds, ka-
senior wrangler, there is one to be had once in hiie ;change by instruction, sio-hiie khu; dis-
three years, but if you want a good partner, it solved, boi hiie; unchangable. cia si hiie
is not in every three years that one is to be se" kai mueh-kia"; this is a thing which is
found. produced by its own metamorphoses. i 6i
pien-hiie ;
it is transformable. hiie co p^t
hue 61 To repent to be dissatisfied ; niiieh change into something else.
;
ki"-tieh
263 7 with one's own conduct, hiie ie^-hiie khu
cu if exposed to the fire it
;
hiie-koi amend. ;
mai° e-jit sle"-siu-hiie do ; melts. hue ciia ci"; to burn mock money,
not regret it hereafter. kau S.u-lai sie"-8iu-
tng thi° sie hiie burned in the open air. hiie
;
hue le khah chi though you should change
;
sin; burn a priest's corpse. mp° hiie; beg for
your mind afterward, it would be too late. Buddhist temples or priests. ciah lio oh sio
Su cu hvvn hiie; afterward returned to his for- hiie ;
it is difficult of digestion. koi-hue ;
to
mer state of mind. au hue mok kip repen- ; alter.
tance will then be beyond your reacli.
hiie 77 The revolution of the sea-
hue 159 A class ;
a sort ;
a sign of 827 9 sons ; age.
670
8 the plural. lu jieh coi hue ? How old are you ? i kiii
ISu hue tieh co kau pun h5u-se" hue ho 6h le"; hiie ? How many years old is he ? i cia" sa"
the old must so act as to be an example to the hiie; he is just three. ciah kau no peh hue;
young. kun-cu hue kai cp su kio sio-jin hue lived to be two hundred years old. i kai ni-
m tang; the conduct of the cultured is unlike hiie 10 coi ; he is very old. cek hue cek hiie
that of the unlearned, tong-h&u hiie kai sim- to mcai ISu as the time passes we are not
;
conscious of becoming old. i kai ni-hiie io

tng kio khek-poh hiie kai, siang li lifig ; the
mind of the faithful is very remote from that khin, bfle pat; he has not lived many years,
of the insincere. ta-po hiie cp ta-po hue, cu- and does not yet know. no n&ng pe"-pe" coi
nie hue cp cu-nie hiie let men be men and wo-;
hiie ; the two are of the same age. kau cek-e
men be women. nia a-no"-kia° hue mai° pln- u ni-hiie cii cp m
lai ; when you are old you
pong-kie ; children, do not make a noise. toa cannot do it. i io oi khng hiie he does not ;
hue tieh cai ka i their elders must teach them.

;
show his age. sa° hiie php no had two child-
;
168 DICTIONARY OF THK SWATOW DIALECT.
ren in three years, pet hue tdng; an honorary

tablet to a centenarian.
m
thoi" tSeh chin-chle"
kheng cie" coi hue-sia"; he looks much older
M hOo 162 To bend around and retam.
262 6 hue-pi; get out of the way.
bd ko hd hue-pl no place wherein to get out of
;
than that, i kai nl-hue io cf"; he looks young. the way. sok-ce" hiie-pl ; make no noise, and
hue Goods ; wares merchandize.

154 keep out of the way.
;
256 hue-rnueh coi cSi ; a great

quantity of merchandize.
these wares are better.
m
4
ci kai hiie fo h(5
ci k&i hue io chu, tftk
tit ke ci°; these wares are of inferior quality,
;
m hue
254
80
6
does not dare partake of a priest's luncheon,
hfie-sle"; a Buddhist priest.
hiie-sle° pia" i7i ka' clah ; one
hue-sle" sie phah, sie ming pi"; it is a story of

and are not worth more than that, i hia hd
Buddhist priests beating each other and pull-
kai hue lii boi ce lai ; buy some of his best
ing each other's queues ; it is a made up story.
wares. b6i hue, b5i hiio to s! eng i; both in huo°-8le" b6 seng-lf, thiah am I6ng-ua° khi ;
buying and in selling, they always employ wh(m priests have no profitable occupation,
him. ci !e° hue fo kiii this sort of goods is
;
they tear down and rebuild their temples.
dearer. ki" boi phi° k&i hue tieh tang e-jlt ;
if you wish to buy cheaper goods you must

hfte 140 Fennel or caraway.
wait till another time, i t<5 khui c&p-hue-ph6; 1 *^ 1
|HJ 262 6' hue-hie"; dill. toa hQe
lai khu thoi" slru-
;
he keeps a variety store. fennel, sie hiie
mih hue-sek let's go and see what wares there ; caraway.
;
are. i kui hiie tun kau c5i-coi ;

his wares 8J To revert ; return a revolu-
;
are piled in great quantities. kak k6 kak kp 0hfle
261 8 tion ; a time,
kai hue ; each place has its own wares. cang ai"hue ke is going home, ; hiie-tng khii chii ;
hue khu ing; went and hypothecated his returned homo. hue kp s\n khut i ; send back
goods. than ciii hue; the best quality of the an answer to his letter, cih tIeh i kai hue cu ;
goods. hiiam hiie to ii hue min khah hue received his written reply. Q hue ji a bo ? Is
toi ;
of every sort of goods the best are put there an answer to the note ? cle" cek hue ;
on the outside. chut hiie jip hiie to si kua i the previous time. ci hiie si sira-mih ni-hau ?
che the goods that go out and come in all
; What time is it now? kim hu-kp ku-a hue;
pass under his inspection. khi hiie, 16h hue went there many times, hu hue, lu hwn-lio io
li si 5ng hu k&i for landing the goods and
;
poi ; you were still rather small,
at that time,
for shipping tiiem, they always make use of kiie sa" hAe
i Ifii ngo hue he has been here ;
that. hue kfe ci'ang tiet s! tue hang ch§ng; m hd ke hue; do not do it
again and again.
the price of goods rises and falls according to i i"-keng liQe sim tng i; he has
again, already
the market. hiie-kha ; hue-tai hue-toi ; the
changed his mind. hue-tng lai lio ; has re-
;
garblings. cua" hiic; poor, cheap goods; a bad i cp-ni hue tap ? What is his
turned, reply ?
lot. au hue spoiled goods a bad person,
lii khu lio, si cp-ni, lai Ime-hok ua cai after
; ;
;
kiani hiie salt stores a good lot of merchand-
having gone, whatever the result, return and
; ;
ize, hiie ; a rare article.

khi ci cek cng hiie
bring me word. kk\i cie" kii hwn-lio bQe tl
much the goods brought at tliis trip.
;
ci cek
hiie im after this long delay, there is still no
;
pua° hiie boi hii phi"; the goods brought this khu i kp hue pai go and return
t6a hiie khu response. ;
voyage were cheaply bought. his visit. lai hue jieh coi ph6 Io ? How far is
gua chu boi ; take wares to sell in an- it there and back ? tang lia hue lai, cia" lai
other place. eng i ah ci c^k cai hiie khji ;
come back, then we will reckon,
sng; wait till I
employ them to convoy this cargo. ci ciah
i hue-l&i run after him and bring him back,
jlo ;
cun si cai hiie kai, rh si to cun this is a cargo,
tiang-sl kai su cQ si to mak c6i°;
;
hiie sie" h^
not a passenger boat. pang-i bo hd hue ; low when I recall that it seems as if it were present,
priced goods are never of fine quality. sua"
khng-koi kku ikî sim hiie expostulate with
;
hue pho a shop whei*e wooden wares are sold, mind
;
him until his reverts to better ways, hiie
siu chara-chiii hiie ; buy goods at retail; collect
than si ngSi ; turn your head, and there is the
by buying in small quantities. shore there is yet room for repentance, hiie-tng
;
hue 72
misty. Obscui'e ;
thau khu thdi"; turn the head and look behind,
7 c6k rain cng kai hiie-khi; one
263 khang chin hiie lai came back empty handed, ;
side is all dark. b6 sek-cek, sim si am-hvie ci hiie ; this occasion. hue Idi ; reciprocate a
;
a present. hiie-hfie kk
there is no luminosity, and it is very obscure. politeness return ;
;
8a"-c&p kie-cp hiie-jlt; on the thirtieth there is Mohammedanism. huang a hue lam ; the
no moon. wind is verging to the south. i lai u hph coi
liiieHo he has been here a great many times.

; chua; askew, hue" koi a cross street, ;
hflo'
i kbub nang me" Ho bo hde chui after being ; hang; the lane that runs at right angles. tt
scolded, he says nothing. hue chia khu phah kiii teng hue" to ? How many ferries are there
i } struck back. tieh u kai nang to hue ue ;
to cross ? pai hue"; arrange transversely.
there must be some one to interpret. siu hGe hue"-sia ;
cris-cross. cua tieh li tit m h<5
png ci"; received back the original sum. IV hue"; must tear the paper lengthwise, not
crosswise. hio-hue"; cross-grained. cd
hue 73 To assemble ;
to convene ;
to su khah hue"-pa ; does things too. perversely.
264 T meet with ;
a club ;
to know hue"-hue" pk-pa ; truculent. hue°-se" t^-sua";
after being informed. a cross presentation at birth. hue" kia"; go
htie-tng ;
a hall where meetings are held. cu- counter to. hê" kia" ti e ; go athwart every-
hue to congregate. hue-c6i-c6i lio all are ctu hue" hua; meet unexpected
; ;
thing,
assembled. hue-coi co-pu khu ; meet and go calamity. kî mln so" hue" nek ; he looks
i
in a body, cf kai nang chin-chie" pat hue mln mulish. hue" si toa kue tit si; he is broader
kue; it seems as if I had seen this person tlian he is long.
before. m
pat sie hue ; never met him before,
hue kheh ; return a visit, , pai-hue ; to visit
and make up a quarrel ; to enter a society or
V^
P4
I
hue"
859
76 A cross-piece, rung, or brace,
holdingvertical bars in place,
13
jtp i kai hue ; enter
this asso- siah cek ki \ki cp htie"; hew out one strip for a
organization.
ciation, hue-hui conspiritors. se hue kS,i tl-
; cross-piece. min-chiig hfle"; cross-pieces
hng the provincial metropolis.
;
hd ki-hue a ; bracing the legs of a bedstead. pak no ki
good opportunity. seng ci kai ki- hue take ;
hue" kai 13.i cp hue"; fasten two horizontal slats
advantage of this opportunity. biie li ki-hue; as crossbars. lang-kang hue"; the cross bars
have not yet an opportunity. cng kai b6 ki- of a balustrade. i
phak to lang-kang hue" kd
hue have no favorable chance.
;
i
chap u cek iam ; she leaned on the baluster, peering over.
pang hue^ he has associated himself with a i°
hue"; rungs of a chair.
society, la" sin sai hue; go in procession, carry-
ing the gods. hue siu hue th&u the mana-

; ;
— hueh —
ger of a club, tang lai li-hue cheng-ehd wait hueh 143 Blood
till all get together and complete an arrange-
;
w^
JllL 230
; bloody.
on seeing tang hueh-mSh; of one
ment. th6i°-ki'' cie"-se'' cu hue i ;
blood, ci hueh
;
to staunch blood. ;sit hueh
this I understood.
to lose blood. hueh-khi thio-hua; a healthy
circulation. ci ie" raueh phua hueh this
htte 22 To
di'aw upon, as for funds. ;
263 huetoa";hi3e phie a draft

11 depletes the blood. p6 hueh ; to enrich the
;
blood, khu tio u hueh ; let off the extravasated
or check. hiie ngun ; to draw money, hue-
blood. hueh lau in cii eng ieh ak i cii if ;
tie°-toa° lai ci-ko siu present your letter of
;
the flow of blood does not cease, make use of
credit here. nin kai nguu ai° hue khu tl-ko ?
medicine to stop it. lau tio i k&i hueh; shed his
Where do you wish to draw your money ? un
blood. se" hueh-kp ; clots form in the blood,
ki° hue lai tie-ciu we wish to draw it in
;
hueh kdn kp; the blood coagulates. hueh
Swatow. hfie cp tie°-toa'' hfii" ua pay me by ;
ctii ; the serum of the blood. hueh kit phi;
an order on the bank. hue lue kek a bank, ;
the blood forms a scab. hueh 16 ; the course
of kai toa° ai" hue khut li-liang? In whose
of the blood, hueh kiia" kai ci"; money earned
favor is this order to be written ?
by hard toil. hueh png; capital in trade,
— hue" — hueh cu; a blood letter, an application for relief
at the last extremity. hueh-kiet ; a dry red
hfie" Crosswise ; athwart j trans-
76 resin used as a pigment. phui hueh to spit ;
236 verse ; horizontal,

12 blood. tho hueh ; to vomit blood, au hueh ;
pang hue"; place it crosswise. khia ka-ne* to raise blood. lû phi"-khang hueh ; bleed
hue ; carry it horizontally, hue" ueh, tit fteh ;
at the nose. pang hueh ; have dysentery,
the horizontal strokes and the perpendicular hueh m
thio ; the blood does not circulate,
strokes. hue°-hue° tit- tit hph coi tio of both ;
ii hueh ciah has stains of blood upon it.
;
the upright ones and the transverse ones, there hueh-bd thia"; pains after childbirth. cek
are a great number of bars. i kai
jl
sia Ifti, hueh accumnlated blood.
; cnh tio tak hneh;
hue" si hue", tit si tit ; his writing is in right suck out the poisoned blood. ci kia" raiieh
Hnes, the horizontal lines are horizontal, and put tftng 6i khu u-hueh, ju-chia" 6i se" sin
the perpendicular are perpendicular. h\ie"- hneh ;
this stufE not only dissipates extravasated
170 DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DULKCT.
blood but also produces new blood.

it o cbo'
kek hueh a blood blister,
; chng kau bueh-cu
19.U probed so as to draw a drop of blood,
;
bueh ko be has litttle blood.

;
hueh Idng ; hia
blood is rich. hueh cheng his blood is poor,
;
chi" hueh; fresh blood. hueh sua" pang;

flooding. hueh do"; a red palm a bright ;
color in the,palm. tham phui chut ISi toa

hueh si there are flocks of blood in the mucous
;
which he raises. hueh tiara specks of blood,

;
hiii-iong k&i pe" ii si a l&ng hueh tui chiii chut

iSi;
when abscesses have formed in the lungs,
bloody pus is sometimes expelled through the
mouth. hueh cua; a disease supposed to be
caused by a red worm in the blood. hu-k6 cek
tieh, hueh cu rli kia"; where there is congestion
the blood does not flow. ei h;ieh ; motionless
blood, hueh-liu; a bloody tumor, i kai min
se" hueh-kun c6k tio c6k tio ang-ftng; the
veins stand out on his face, cgk chiii hueh cu
thun loh khu; swallowed his wrath, klu kâ
th6 hueh ; boiling with rage, ce klu hfa hueh
cu bu as soon as ho is angered he vents his
;
wrath. nidk khau kau chut hueh ; cried

till his tears turned to blood. Iftn khf hueh ;
bleeding gums. chit k6ng chut hueh bleeds ;
at the seven orifices of the head. i k&i

chin hueh-meh khi thdi", si nftng chit k6ng cU
6i chut hueh ; when his blood relations went
to look upon him, the corpse bled at the ears,
eyes, nose and mouth. kuah kau hueh lua
hueh tih ; cut it so that it bled. j\o kau i hueh
l&u-lau ; scratched him so that the blood ran.
— hui —
hui 70 To revolve ; to move in an
821 7 orbit,
hui pua"; a wind wheel. i oi li-li hui, li-li
hui; it keeps turning round and round, phah

hui ; cause to revolve by tapping. in ce kek i
cU 5i hui; when the steam impels it, it revolves.
hui 159 Refulgent ; glistening.

260 8 teng cek kuang-hui ; the,
lights are brilliant.
mMt hui
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 17X
24 Herbs
when we oxpel the breath the lungs collapse,
-||g^ hiii ; plants.
he and when we inspire the breath the lungs
y I 263 "3" i mia°.ke ue liue-liui ;
lu î"
is
expand, lu khip khiii, khip kau tng-tng, thoi'
ekillful in tlie delineation of plants.
lu kfii hui ti-kp 6i thia" a boi ; draw a very
n&ng-kiV krii h(5, a si hue-hui kai h6 ? Do you
like those with human figures pictured on long breath, and see whether there is a pain in
any part of your lungs.
them, or those with shrubs ?
^"rt ^^"'^
—- ^^ keep a respectful silence
hui 53 To abandon ;
to set aside ;
to
266 7
J^ 138
12 cast away, 3-^ upon.
i ta" tie chwn bo ki hui in speaking he wholly
;
hiii tickui ke-ngiap abandoned his property,
i
avoids the use of tabooed names. ci kai si
;
huikhu; thrown aside. co hiii mueh kio

as a cast article. hui-hai
huam hiii ; this is a heedless use of sacred
i boi buy it off
names. pi hiii ; to avoid the use of sacred
;
kai hue-mueh; worthless damaged goods, hiii

names, gu-hui the Emperor's personal name,
;
si sit Tgiap; to waste time is to lose property, ble hui ; names of the Emperor's ancestors,
m-ho pua" thu ju hui; do not give up when
sia hui ; sacred names which are to be avoided.
half done. hui ciang, lip iu"; set aside the
elder in favor of the younger, hui tek lip su ; nr^. hui 121 Earthenware crockery. ;
set aside the chief wife and place a concubine 141 earthen vessels,
hui-khi
|-L| ;
in power. mih su hui si all is going to ;

boi hui hue; tho.se who sell earthenware. sie
wreck. huang-hiii cSi, bp eng kang
cie^-si ;
hui kai nang ; one who bakes pottery, hui-ie ;
is now dilapidated and out of repair. chang- a potter's kiln. sau hui nSi khii; a cracked
hng huang-hiii fields run to waste. hui tui boi hui nang ciah
; ;
dish won't easily break.
hui-hui tui-tui neglected unthrifty, hui-cit;
; ;
khih ; he who sells crockery eats from cracked
superannuated. hui jin cripples; infirm peo- hui th6 potter's clay.
;
dishes, ;
u li hak, bo li hui, mai° khu thia" i; if we

ple,
can get it we will, and if we can't get it we will Grace ; that bestowed in
hiii 61
let it go, but don't distress yourself about it. ^\id\ 264 8 charity,
un-hiii mercy grace,
;
nia hiii, nfa hiii I am
; ;
hui 154 To lavish to expend to i ceng siu kue i

obliged for your kindness.
; ;
139 5 waste ; outlay, kai hiii he has experienced his clemency, sai
;
hua-hui ci°-ngun spend money lavishly, hui-

; kau nang tit tieh sit hiii enables people to get
;
eng; use wastefully. c§k jit eng jieh coi ci° real aid.
BU-hui ? What is the expense per day ? so-
hiii expenses.
;
nin cek ni eng sp-hui jieh coi r^-H hiii 61 Sagacity; wisdom; cleverness.
ngun ? How much do you expend per year ? ^fS^ 265
11 ti-hiii; wisdom. chong-
phua-hui tio jieh coi ci"; squandered a large meng ti-hiii; clear headed and sagacious, swn
sum. hui su cai a vexatious affair. sim; kai ti-hiii kai nang select a wise person. ;
i
si hui very difficult to bring about, kau
chi'u ; bo ti-hiii; he is not discerning. iIi cai i ii ti-hiii
hu-ko eng jieh coi pua°-hui ? How much is the a bo; do not know whether he is shrewd or not.
fare in going there ? hui sira, hui sim ; I've
put you to much trouble. hiii sin kai su a hiii 120 The woof.
;
>?^^
wea,risome job. hu hui useless outlay, chwn ; ?J*-^ 1056 ke" p6 hiii; silk warp and
9 si
mien hui lak ; you need not waste your strength cotton woof. kai si ke", hiie" kai si hiii ;
tit
on it. the lengthwise threads are the warp, and the

transverse threads are the woof.
The lungs.
hiii
139
130
4
hui-hii ; the lungs. i ai" ua
— hiii" —
kai sim-kua", lia ai" i kai hiii-hu ; we are mor- hiii" 85 To roll about or over ;
to
tal enemies. ci kai pe° si hiii keng kai pe"; 494
il gyrate.
this is a lung disease. hui-iong an abcess in ; i to tho-e to hui" khau ; he lies on the ground,
the lungs tubercular consumption,
;
hiii hue ;
rolling and crying. cp kai chim khut i hiii"
inflâmation of the lungs. hiii-ke the lights, ; tham khu a deep hollow has been worn out
;
hiii kwn ; hiii hui- hiii" thap khu ; make n

kiig ; the bronchial tubes. by its gyrations.
hieh tie" toa ; the lobes of the lungs are swol- hole in the ground by rolling around, cfa toa
len, hui si cii ngwn khi; the lungs control cheng-ci tiii loh khu oi hui" tio nang kai chii ;
the amount of air that is in them. nang ce this bomb when thrown will overturn peoples'
thau-khui hui cu hoih, ce khip khiii hui cu pa ; houses.
172 DICTIOKAET OF THE 8WAT0W DIALICT.
— han —
I^jti hui" 79 To break down to ruin to ; ;
':X'% 262 7
spoil. hun 140 Things forbidden to those
hui" tlo i kai mueh-kia"; spoiled his goods. 2t58 '9 who fast.
hui° llo i kai chang-hng; wasted his fields, n6 han no sii si le"; four sorts, two of which
hui" tlo i kai chii ; tore down hia house. sie- ai-e of kinds forbidden to those who fast, and
hui"; burned up. sie-hui" i kai sa"-kh6 ; two of the kinds that may be used by those
burned her clothing.
up thiah liui" i k&i who fast.
chu-teng ;
tore up his roof. ua kfti hue-hnjj
khut i liui" tio Ifo-lio mj flower garden was hun 120 Confused mixed up ill-
completely ruined by them.

;
1^ 129 4 assorted,
; ;
nang-b^ bun-hun ;
a motley crowd. su-bti
hun-hun coi c&i mnltifurious business.
; ti-
hiii" 149 To defame to vilify.
ling hun-lwu ; the place is all in confusion.
;
138 ^ hui'-pUng; to slander, ci'a
sihui"-pRng i k&i Qe ; this is wicked aspersion. ttZL hun 80 To direct to order.

;
hui°-paug nang; to backbite people. rJ^ 129 4 hun-hii ;

to order. ua c6-n!
faun-lm lu tieh thia"; whatever I tell
lii, you to
hui° 22 do, you must do. lu lai, lia ai° hun-hu lu
Disorderly people.
; come hero, I have something I wish to
k&i Oe
137 hui° iQi, hiii" thu; vagabonds.
8
th6-hui°; local robbers hue-hui°; an asso-
;
directyou about, i bo hun bo hu cp i khu ; he
went off without having received any directions.
ciation of seditious persona. ch&k-hui°;
banditti.
hun 61 The perceptions confused ;
268 8 dull,
hui" 140 Wilted, drooping. hun-mi', m cai n&ng ; stupid even to insen<
.^ 1047 8 hue khut jit ph&k Ho hSi'- sibility. i kai sim hun-kdng ; his mind is
hui"; flowers wilt after being exposed to the confused.
sun. ci cftng mueh cii-jit thoi" tich h'ii°-
hiii",cd-me° clah tieh iG-cui, kfa"-jtt hleh cQ Xj^ hun 18 To separate; to distinguish
khia-khia ; this plant was drooping very much VV 129
2 between ; the second place in
decimals ; tenths.
yesterday, but last night it got the dew
upon it, and to-day its leaves are all erect,
hun-khui ; to separate, hun c6 n<S chiu ; sepa-
cl choh hue-bak kfti hieh, co-ni hui"-hui" rate them into two bunches, hun-l! ; set apart,
n5 ? Why are the leaves of these shrubs hun-sua"; to scatter. fl
hun-piet ; there is a
wilted ? distinction between them. pun pia" tii-gu ;
detach troops to repulse them, i u hun-pui; he
hui" 61 To tie to and suspend ; to has a bonus out of it. hun-meng ; distinguish
iflS^
'5^^> 232 16 hang ; to dangle to be in ; clearly. hun-hun mgng-mSng distinctly ;
suspense ; to hang in view, marked. ua thoi" m hun-meng I do not ;
tio soil hui" loh lai ; a rope was dangling, see it distinctly. tang i Ifti hun-hwt wait ;
pang i hui" loh Ifii ; let it dangle. kha hui" until he comes and divides up and sends off.
pang cun-pp-ki° ko soi hang your feet over; hun-pien si hui ; argue the point. i co-ni co
the side of the boat and wash them. tin-t6 su bo hun bd hio ? Why does he act without
hui"; hung upside down. hui°-rao"; waiting in discrimination ? i mih su hun-hun hio-hio in ;
suspense. hui" si'e" keh put up notice of a ; everything he exercises discrimination. kio
reward. hui"-kua to thia" tng ; hung up in t6a n&ng hun in ; condoles with his superior,
the temple. ci khi iia" hui" jieh kii cong-ku hun phai ; to sort out for distribution. i k&i
bo kak How long this case hangs on without

! ue tti" lai G hun u chiin ; what he says is
ever coming to a settlement ci kla" su hfii" i co su bo hun chiin ; he acts
!
lucidly stated.
t6 sim teng; this affair is undecided in his mind. without method. hun h§,u to bo kiam i kai ;
16ng hAi" biie ; a half formed waterspout, de- I owe him nothing whatever. c&p-hun h(J ;
pending from a cloud. thau hui"-hui"; with wholly satisfactory. hun co no e separate it;
drooping head. cek phau chiu hui" loh lai a ;

into two portions. ua teng-tieh sa°-hun-pua"
tassel dangled therefrom. thftu liiii", hue tSng ;
I weighed it, and it is three and a half
hui", hek cSi his head and tail both droop, he
; tenths of an tael in weight. lu cek tng ciah
is jaded out. mai" hui" tieh th6 do not ;
kiii hun bi? How much rice do you eat at a
draggle it on the ground. meal ? lu î" eng hun pang a ai" eng chun
DICTIONIRT OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 173
pang ? Do you wish to use boards that are tai hun tho Emperor's marriage.
;
i si cf
pak
under or over an inch in thickness ? i u kiii ui hun kai he had betrothed a wife before he
;
hun hau"; he is partly willing. hek peh ITing was born. i cia" sin hun he is of marriage- ;
hun it is difficult to distinguish between the

;
able age. hun phiie contract a marriage, ;
black and the white. su coi cjii, boi tit hun teng hun a second marriage, tho thau hun a
; ;
ein khu ni'n ko I have so much to do that I

; marriage contracted after the girl first betrothed
cannot get away to go to your house. kak to himhad died.
nang hun thû khu li; let each go about his
ue hun li'ang thau tell hun 86 To fumigate; smoky; smoke.
particular business. ;
each separately what he is to do. j\V% 212 10 hun i ta; dry by fumigation,
mai" khut in hun tieh do not let it get smoked, ;
hun 86tobacco. hun kau mak-cap lfi.u so smoky that the tears ;
Opium; ran. hun nfo-chu khang fumigate a rat-
1082 "6" hun-t^ng; a tobacco or opium ;
ciah hun c5 ; take a smoke. sek-hun ; hole, sie kau pi-pi-hun scorched so that it
;
pipe,
smokes. hun koi, hun ah ; smoked fowls
dry fine cut tobacco. che"-hun; fresh smoking
o-hun and ducks, hun tu-thiii; smoked hams, hun
tobacco. ng-hun yellow tobacco. ; ;
kau chiah-pauh chiah-pauh smoked till it is

dark colored tobacco. ciii-hun ; tobacco that ;
issmoked through a' water pipe. brown and blistered. in-hun kau cek koi" o-
Iu-s6ng
hun Manilla cigars and cigaretts. cui-hun o smoked till the whole room is blackened,
;
;
a taper used for lighting a water liam niang-hun, hun mang light a mosquito
clia-bue ;
;
torch, and smoke out the mosquitoes.

pipe. a-phien hun opium. a-phien hun- ;
phi"
tieh chau hue hun smells of smoke. hun sf
ting an opium pipe, i cek hii hun-ku ju c5i;
; ;
;
suffocated by smoke.
his set of utensils for smoking opium are very
handsome. hun-(o
tobacco pouch. hun-fip ;
;
J^^ hun 72 Dusk; evening; dull; con-
opium box. phi"-hun snuff, hngk phi''-hun; ; •
267 T fused.
take snuff. i ii clah toa hun he smokes ^^
iig-hun ; twilight, hun-km ; dusk. jitf"-keng
;
opium, hun-teng ; a raised platform for opium ha"-iiun it is already dark. ha°-hun kai si-
hun-pho; a couch for
;
smokers to lie upon.
hau, cu thdi" m
ki°; it was in the gloaming so
opium smoking, hun-thie opium spoon, hun ;
I could not see. hun kun cu s\n cham-chin ;
pua"; an opium smoker's tray. hun kwn an ;
a benighted prince trusts disloyal courtiers,
opium dealer's establishment. hun ckng ;
hun-lwn; obscure; befogged, ut kau hun-thau
opium dens, hun tho opium balls. hun ki ; ;
hun-nau slept till dazed. hun-ml"; dazed ;
tobacco stalks. hun-sai mai" khk cek koi°; ;
bewildered, ciah kau hun-hun mi''-mi"; drank

do not scatter the ashes of the tobacco about,
till he was fuddled, lii mai"
lu kai hun-fn khin, i k&i hun-in tSng; your kun-k6ng; don't
be stupid, thau-khak bin khn hun-hun kong-
opium habit is not so completely fixed upon
ham kong my head was so dizzy that I was com-
upon him.
;
you as his is i \k\ cuang hun; thia" kau hun, cang ciii bQ
call him to hold the opium at the smoker's pletely stupified.
i che"; he has swooned from
cu hun ; to clarify opium and prepare pain, blow water
pipe.
it for smoking. hun ko cakes of opium, ;
upon him to reanimate him.
hunca; a-phien sai the residuum from the

;
hiin 61 Strong feeling ; impatient
pipes of opium smokers, ph^-hun hu; a snuff 131 12 zeal,
bottle, po sek-hun chews tobacco, ie" hun
; ; i ce
kheng hwt hiin cu cp tit seng ; if he would
foreign tobacco. get roused in regard to it, it would soon be
hun 88 To marry a wife.
accomplished. nang tieh oi hwt hxin lip cl
•J|ff^ cia" ii eng ; people must become interested in
^y^ 2G8 8 hun-in
marriage. hun-in ;
the thing, and get their minds made up to do
kai su si chiet-io su; marriage is a thing of
it, then something can be effected.
great importance. i liam lai kio i hah hun ;
her birthday is said to be accordant with his. 85

Entire ; the whole; the mass.
hiin
Y^^
toll jit
s§ng hun ; choose a lucky day for tho \^r' 268
bun-k3.u kai nang ; the whole
9
consummation of a marriage. tang ni bue body, cf ku cu si hun-hiin cie°-se° ta", bo koi-
cia° lai khut i wn hun wait till the end of the
;
thiah meng-peh this sentence in its entirety
;
year and then let them marry. chia" nling says thus, its parts are not analytically ex-
l&i cle" hun-cu invite some one to prepare the
; pounded, i
put kiie hun-hun cie°-se" ta" tia"-
marriage contract. lam hun, nng ke ; men the substance of his remarks and
tia"; this is
take wives, and women wed. Luang-slang nothing more.
174 DICTIONAET OF THE 6WAT0W DIALECT.
/^^ 196liiin dove ; a pigeon. A X^* liun 75 A

last for making shoes or
P>^ ~6" hiin-cfo ; doves.

428 hun-do ^Sk 232
boots to form on a last.
9 6i ;
c6k tui hiin-cfo a pair of hiin a boot last. i kai hun-thau hiin lai hd
tu a dove-cote.
;
; ;
doves. eng hvin-cfo lai toa sia ; make use of cheng his last forms it into a shape ple.isaut
;
to wear.
pigeons for carrying letters.
ik^ hun 119 Meal; powder; pow-

flour;
hftn 120 Lines marks creases.
^yj 131 4 dered, commiauted to put ;
; ;
on powder or pigments.
1041 4 cui hun ; ripples. chia
ml-luin wheaten flour. bf-hiin-kna"; vermi-
hun ;
lines in the hand, hue" hun ;
horiaontal
;
celli. Imn-tio ;
maccaroni. tRuhiin; flour
marks, tit
perpendicular lines, bo hua
hun ;
b6 ciah left no trace. ne jio-jio, ceng-ceng

made from peas or beans, cf-chang hiin; flour ;
made from water chestnuts, liang-hun; potato hAn ; all wrinkled and creased. nio cek cue
hun make a crease, cih khu se" hun ; creased
liang-hun c^ng; dumplings made from
;
flour,
by folding. ut kau fclt-tit, b6 hun ironed
ng6-hun ; arrow-root. c5-hiin ;
flour. ;
potato out straight and smooth. i kili si hun phu
white powder used as a cosmetic. in-cS
lio he has the signs of death upon him. i se"-
hun buah kau ang-^ng; made rod with rouge, ;
sang-hun; toilet-powder. ngoi kau huii-hun ; 6§ng kfii go hiin phu he looks as if 1k> were ;
triturate to a fine powder.

it khong kau i starving. i mlu
teng Q im-tek hun ; ho looks
hun kut chui si ; beat him to a jelly. hun like a good man.
chio°;whitewash a wall. hun p6h ; i white-
wash hiin &ng hiin ftng
it.
painted red and white.

appearance,
very fair, as if
hun sek a specious
hiin-sek
hun-sok kau thoi" m chut; furbished up so
kfii
;
ue; specious promises,

^
ties.
hiin
269
194the manes theThe shade
mind the
wits ; the facul-
4
lOng-hftn; the spirit; the soul. huu-
;
; ;
phek the immortal part ; the spirits of man.

;
that one could not discover the fraud, hiin sam hiiu chit phek ; the three ghosts, and the
a painted board used by boys in learning seven spirits of man. kia° kau sit hiin ;
pal ;
to write. boi sang hiin t6i kai chft 6i buy ; terrified out of his wits. hiin to sin ; he is m
a pair of wooden shoes having painted soles. out of his mind. wn hiin lu sua"; the unro-
i kai im-hun
61 venged ghost will not be quiet.
hiiu Anger; resentment. m his spirit will never take its
\^\ 131 T cek si cu hun momentary ;
cong-kii
departure.
sio ;
hiie hiin tiig lai ; the returning

hiin-no"; wrathful.
spiritcomes to the tablet, (before the 49th
hun 87
urgent prompt.
Impetuous ; ; day after death), hai i kia" kau hiin b5;
132 hiin-cx thak cu ; study with
18 frightened him out of his senses. ce thoi"
ci kai nsuig chut tin sim si hun-iong ; hiin cu bo ; as soon as he saw it he lost his
this man goes forth to battle with undaunted wits, cek hiie cu hiin siia"; after the return,
courage. him-luk khu co ; promptly go and the spirit was at rest, hun mang-ki" peh kau
do it. sua" teng; dreamed that I climbed to the
mountain top. i kai hiin hien-sin khut i
Îll To instruct ; to lead in the
hun 149
thoi"; his ghost appeared to them. in hiin ;
^l| 8 right way ; to caution,

212 cie hiin to lead the spirit home from abroad,
;
kk-hun ; to teach, ka-hiin kia°-ti ; to instruct

siu i kai hiin; take possession of his mind,
one's children. ke-hiin ; home teachings, come
hwu hiin, uah khi lai ; to to life again.
hun-lien pia°-be drill the troops. ;
hiin t&u ;
to indoctrinate. hun-sl ; to direct. lu tieh
thia° i ka-hiin; you must heed his precepts, hun 104 A scratch, crack, or
scar,
cia si bo nang ka-him kai kia°-tl this is an
;
,^ ^ 1G7 6 flaw,
undisciplined lad. cia pheug-jit si bo ka bo
mai" miieh se" hiin ; do not scratch it. sie"
hun cia° cie°-se"; it is through lack of ti-ainiug hiin ; a scar from a wound. mak-cap hun ;
that he is thus.
traces of tears. boi 16 hun-ciah ; has left no
visible trace. poi" hiin ; small pox
marks,
hiin 167 To bore ;'
to pierce,
tieh kai a si
S^ 945 19 tieh khieh cng-kia°
cncj-kia" cia" bun min-teng cek cue hun si kuah
puah tieh kai ? Was
the scar on your face
tit loh you must ; youtake a gimlet to it, then
can pierce it. eng keng-hiin lai hun take an ;
made by a cut or by a fall ? pit ciie hiin ; has
hun sie-lin-thang ; bore it cracked. ku-a ko pit hun ; several of them
angur and bore it.
through. have flaws in them.
DICTIONAR? OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 175
liun 173 is what be has a liking foi*. nan kiii nA,ng

Jif=^ Clonds; cloady.
bak cek bun, e jit thang lio toa sbi hun cie
^^
r 1142 4 pbu Imn ho ; rain clonds are
niiia" thi" hiin ;
lai
pun let us take a share together, and after-

gathering, liuu bii cloudy.
;
;
the sky is all overcast. cek tah o hun ; a wai'd when there is income from it declare a
dividend. nila" hfln the same lot for life,
black cloud. peh hun pi° co ang bun the ;
mia" bun m ho Ivvn; those whose fates are joined

;
clonds are turning red. bun cia kau pua"

for life .should not be at variance, ci kai nang
sua"; the clouds reach half way down the
mountains. hun-thau a thundor-cloud. ;
bu m ua° Imn this person is meddlesome.
;
kue
Ifiug bun a mackerel sky.
; thong thi" long-
hiin officious
; beyond what properly belongs
;
to one's functions. ta" kiie hun ue say more

coiig si o bun the whole sky is black with ;
;
clouds. liun khui ki" jit the clouds are ;

than belongs to one's part. png bun one's ;
bun khui kai khang-khiah, thoi"- own duty or office, i png bun tieh cie"-se" co ;
breaking.
ki° thi" nek there is a rift in the cloud, and that is what properly pertains to his office; that
;
the blue sky appears. bun sio, ho siia"; the is bis duty, kak nang kak nang ka,i ceb-bun ;
clouds are disappearing, and the rain dim- each has his special duty, i citi°-se" sng si wt-
th6i"-ki" to hun-twn teng ; saw ifc hun in so doing he may be considered to have
;
inishing.
the clouds. bun tie kha; the cloud is overstepped his proper sphere. ai° co kui bun
among
ci tah bun pue kbu khui ? How many parts is it to be divided into ?
lifting from the earth.
low down, i kai hun-sia" coi ; he has a large proportion,
kfc-ke ;
this cloud drifts along very
i soi hun, i toa bun ; this one gets a small, and
phah hun poi"; to strike the cloudy board to ;
that one a large portion. i kai seng-li lu u

announce visitors at a yamuu or monastery by
tapping an iron plate. chap bun a bo Have you anything invested
'?
in his business ? ua u chap-bun I have an ;
^H
ij^
hiin
269
85
8
In disorder; promiscuously;
turbid; chaotic.
interest in it. siin-mib su lu to u bun yon
meddle in everything. cie i bun e
;
ktii bai";
ni6ng-To6ng bun-bun ; dark confused. hiia ; give him that which belongs to him. cia si i
nau ; confused clamor, mng bun kue jit ; it is bun lai kai sii ;
this appertains to bis office,
a troublesome world. lam nng bun cup a ;
tieh thoi" i siiu-mih sin bun; must see what
heterogeneous crowd of men and women, hun- his belongings are. siang sim-mih sin bun ;
tiin ; chaotic. thi° ti la u si oi bun-tiin the ;
ascertain what rank he has. kai thien-bun
heavens and the earth are sometimes indistin- bo ;
be has fine natural abilities.
guishable through being mixed up together.

bun-bun tun-tun irretrievably mixed up. su
;
— but —
kiie mai" lui bun kha bun cbiii; it would have
been better if he had had nothing to do with it.
adverb of prohibition ifc
it 57 An ;
yp 153
should not be. "2"
hut ua" CO put changed "should not" into "is

^^^ bun 18 A share; a portion; a dividend; not."
;
hut jiak i does not resemble him.

yj 131 2 the part one acts ;
the duties ;
of a post.
pun CO sa° bun
pe° toa; divide it into three but 61 Abruptly ;
to slight; the fifth
equal parts. kai nang cek hiin ; give a ^\i2\ 267 4 place in decimals,
portion to each. sa" bun thiu cek take out ; but-jien ; suddenly, hut-jien-kaug ;
in an in-
one third. bun gua what is outside one's ;
stant, nang lS,i suddenly some
hut-jien cu ii ;
own share. kiii bun ti"; partly full. si-hun one came, ra bo khin-but nang one must not ;
lob cek bun; make use of one quarter of it. treat people in a contemptuous manner. to
leh lak bun ciah cek bun; take one sixth of ceng nang min coi" khin-but i treated him ;
the medicine. ai" cham kiii bun lob khu ? cavalierly before them all. i sim khiam-soi,
"What proportion of the whole shall I put lien a-no"-kia" hue, to bo khin-but i ; be is
in ? ke bun, cie bun a greater or lesser ; very modest, and does not slight even a child.
portion, siu bun ;
content with his lot. siu i CO su m b(5 but-liak do not do things in a ;
kai png bun ;

attends to bis own business. heedless fashion. cek si cSk but to ai" sng;
ua° bun siu ki mind your own business, kbia
;
will reckon in even the smallest fraction, sng
bun make up a deficiency by each supplying
;
kau li hau si but reckon to the utmost farth- ;
an equal sum. phoi" cek bun loi-mueh kbu ing, but kng but am; light for an instant and
sang i render to him a portion of the presents,
;
then dark for an instant, i kai ue bo tia", but
cia i bo hun be has no part in this, ko bun
; ;
si hut bui what he says is unreliable, first he
;
to take shares in. cia si i kai wn bun this ; says one thing then another.
176 DICTtONAET OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT.
A c6 ch&k kai nang sim hu ; the thief in ever in

118liut tablet, in ancient times
4 held before the breast by
267 fear of danger, cheng-heng si hu kai, cu kia°-
ui ii cue if the eridences
presented are false,
courtiers in audiences. ;
there is danger of incurring guilt. cek nang

chio hnt; a court tablet. g6 hut; ivory tablets.
sdi poi" khieh khi si gd hut the plebeian has thwn hu, poll nang thwn sit the falsehood ;
;
told by one, i.s repeated as truth by a hundred.

become a patrician.
hu-mia° hu li vain is fame, empty are riches,
;
04 To hu-jiak decrepid. hu-khun ; weak. kh\

hut contradict oppose ; go ;
;
hueh ku hu; a feeble constitution, chin s! phu

154
5 contrary to a brush, ;
hu hiie; hot fliishes, as of fever, in cold weather,
liut tich i kili i, i cu so" khi if you oppose his ;
notions ho is angry. hut tieh i kai i cQ khut

i kili ue kii-kii hu,
h<^ sit; his words are wholly
unfounded, there is no truth in them.
i
phah kau ;
if you go contrary to his
ai" si
ideas, be beaten almost to death by
you will
him. chiu khla ki sien-hut; ho held in his hu 82 A fair.
hand a brush which is the sign that the bearer 443 12an area where fairs
hu-tio" ;
is attaining saintship. are held. marts, ai" Ifti khu tku hu

hu-po ; ;
is goir)g to the fair to bo sold. sa" jit hu ; a
^^ hut 76 To blow a short sudden whiff fair held once in three days. kua''-mo° khu
hii hu; hurry on to be in time for the fair,
*)^ 233 "8 of breath, tl
hut hiio blow out the light.

;
hue hut rn t6h ; tiang-si tui hu ? At what time is tho fair held?
cannot make the fire blaze up by blowing it. kfa°-jft tiii liu m6 ? Is this a day when a fair
ce hut cQ toll as soon as you blow it will
;
is held ? cle** hu l&i bOi ;
take it to the fair
flame up. and sell it. lai khu hu teng boi ;
lct'.s go to
the fair and buy some.
jb^ hut 75 The kernel, pit, or stone of
1^ 234 6 fruits.
hU That there ; then ; those.
163
tho
the pita,
a peach-.stone. khu ilo hut take out
bftt ;
nia tlo hiit; core them, cf c6k llap

;
^^,hu
time,
6104 hu tiang-si; hu si; at that
that day. hu k6; that place, hu
;
jit;
cii hiit kai this one has hardly any pit. hii
;
kai ; that one. hu ki\i n&ng ; those men. hii
toi kak u hut; it has a core forming therein.
cek n&ng; that individual. hu png clieh ;
that book. hu ciah cun; that boat. hu khi
hut 9 Buddha Buddhist. hu le' much ;
#i1 Lo3 6 hAt huap;
the laws or doctrines of Buddha; Buddhist
hilt kk;
;
Buddhism.
!eh that kind of medicine.
;
that sort of thing. hu koi" chii that house, ;
hu e$k s!, sle" m

chut ; at that moment I could
charms and spells the power of Buddha, hut ; not think of it. ci kai hd a hu kî hd ? Which
c6 ; ray lord Buddha. ciah ce, pai hut ; fast ia the better this or that ? mai" pang hu-k6;
and worship Buddha. i to co hAt su ho is ;
do not set it down there. hu no" kp siii lu
practising Buddhist chai'ms. p-ni-tho-hut ;
swn ; take whichever you choose of those two
Amida Buddha. hu ciah chi'u boi khieh pit ; he cannot
— hu — pieces,
hold the pen with that hand. i khu hu khau
hu 80 To breathe softly to speak kp ; he has gone outside there. i to hi'i lai ;

flp^ ;
he is in there. pang hu t6i put it inside ;
227 11 well of.
»yjIlL
there. to hu hn^-hng kp away ; off there.
chue-lm; say a good word for; to breathe on. to hd chng teng on the table there.
khut i ce chue-liu iiang cu sua" kliu as soon he ;
;
opened his mouth to speak they di.spei"sed.

pai thph Id kio lia chue-hu tlo ci kia" su I ;
hu 149 Gjrant ; assent to ;
accede.
trust that you will speak a good word for me P I 228 ~4~ eng-hu; to grant. m hu i ;
in this matter. did not permit him to. lia ceng hu lii ; I m
have not acceded to what you request. Id hii
hu 141 Vacant ; untrue ;
unsub- kiie lia kai what you promised me.
;
ci kai
227 6 stantial. cu-nie-kia" i°-keng hu ke h'o ; this damsel is
kbaiig-hu ; empty unoccupied. hu-phu; ; already promised in marriage. ci k&i cu-nle-
vague nonsensical.
; hu-bii visionai'y. hu ; . kia° hu-phiie khut i ; this girl is betrothed to
ke ; untrue unfounded. hu-ngui false, hu
; ;
him. lu mai" hu i ; do not acquiesce in w hat
lie; idle prating. khiam-hu unambitious, ;
he wishes. G hu i a bd ? Did you accord i t to
hu-sim unprejudiced, sim hu apprehensive.
; ;
him or not ?
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT, 177
hu 85 To fish. hun 79 Abundant ; flouri.shing.

ji^ 1119 11 hu-ong; a fisherman, pha h(L 1099 6 hun sit; well off. hun sit kfti
cuu ; a fishing boat. nang h6; a man of property, hun h6; the rich.
60 Indisposed to listen to reason,
>g5 hH 195 Fish. yfa liii'i
1119 kim hu "^jA^ 167 6 hiong-liun quarrelsome. i ;

i%V^ kim-li; gold-fish, ;
lai kau
liali bu; catch fisli. pha hu; tisli with a casting hiong-hiong hun-hun he came all ;
ready for a quarrel. i kai ie" sim si

net. uu hu ; fish with a lifting net. cah hu ;
hiong-
catch fish by a weir, tie" hu; catch fish with a
hun he looks very sulky.
;
hook, chug hu spear fish.

fish with the hands,
fish. khoi hu,
li hu
niong hu catch
;
carp,
miia"- hu eels.
hai hu sea
from rivers,
ti hu, un hu
;
;
fish
;
;
U
grudge against him.
il? i
61
6 had a
m cai i nau-hun da
Spite
sim
;
ISi
hatred
wn-hun
;
to dislike.
;
pools, or ponds. hang-hu ; ; mill su do not know why lie is angry with me.
;
the skate. kha hu mud-turtles. 6i- toi hu; ; hun ua bo cieh i vexed with me because I did
;
the sole. sien hu bass. cek tin hu cek; ; not lend it to him. hun m kheng hiah per- ;
khuu hu a school of;

fish. peh-go-hu ;
the
sistently resentful, chai chut sim-thau cu hun;
book moth. wreak one's spite, khp hun; detestable, huai
hun to sim; cherish malice, huu li'o no end m ;
Î^ hu 149 To commission; to commit hun

915 to entrust,
to his dislike,hiap hun harbour hate. ;
pi\d 3 to ; Qi sio hunkie-si i pat phah i ;

cek kii him with a message unappeased.;
kia-bu i ue; entrust hates him on account of his having beaten her.
to carry, kia-hu lu ham i lai; commission you to
tell him to come. cek kia" su tieh to kia-kia hwn
hu-hu, kang-kho cai ; the thing must be com- hwn 124 To revise ;
to change ;
to
mitted to various persons one after another, 124 12 turn over; to review to do
;
making it troublesome in the extreme. over again.

hwn sin ;
to turn the body aronnd. hwn kiie
hu 30 hu-hu-tie; the noise made by lai to turn around. teng hwn to llu thoi";
P^^
pj 805 11 one shivering with cold,
;
turning (the leaves of a book) to and fro,

cheng-ngwn to hu-hu-tie, to m khu cheng ke
reading and re-reading. hwn kue hie" poi"
kai hiu°; will stand and shiver with cold, and
hieh thoi"; turn the leaf and look on its other
not go and put on another wadded tunic.
side. hwn sim ; to rehear a case. ci kia"
— hun — ua" ai" t§ng hwn sim ; this case is to be revised,
kau hu teng cu leng-ua" hwn iia"; if you go up
hun
164 Smelling of liquor. there the case will be rejudged. hwn se°; to
jj>^ 212 14 cia ciah kau hun-liun; drank live again. cu hwn kiii kvie ; reviewed the
till he is odorous of cui hun-hun
whiskey. ; book several times. ta ctl ai" hwn thak ; we
boozy tipsy.; are now going to review the book, i hwn cek
kiie cu sek ; if he reads it the second time he

hun 19 Meritorious effort,
W) 212
common
14 kong-hun ;
services for the
then knows it.
ai" kau-kwn
su ci" bd hwn, se"-mla° cu
when one loses in gambling with-
weal, hun chin ;
a patriotic states- ;
man. out getting a chance to win back his money, he

is ready to barter lives with his
opponent.
hun 159 A side room; a boudoir; a
$f 196 3 saloon. v^ hwn 120 To translate ; to interpret.
i kai cu-ce kie cp sim-mih hun ? What ?PH 124 hwn-ek kua"; an official in-
12
appella- hwn-ek cp i hu kok kai jl chut lai
tion does he give to his school ? khi siang, terpreter, ;
translate it into the written language of that

hun ngan; a lofty bearing and stately ap-
country. bd nang oi hwn-ek i kai ue, cu
pearance. thia° m pat to khu if there were no one to in-
m
;
hun
69 Pleased at doing or terpret his speech, it could not be understood.
getting
204 4 something ; merry, elated, hwn 60 Streamers
; pennants.
hun hong toa lau-ia kau jim as it IJI^^
happily ;
'rpi 124
teng tio no kai th6ng-
12 thia"
happened the magistrate had arrived at his hwn hung two streamers in the main hall,
;
post, hun hong tai-jin tu pfiu, ua° liang ; it is siet kua thong-hwn
well when the pp-kai made a canopy of ;
magistrates extirpate the wicked flags. th6ng-hwn hi"-kau an ear-ring with

and tranquilize the good. ;
pendant strings, ki hwn j flags and streamers.

hwn 76 Pleased with ; gratified. phJen kue chiu cu hwu rain after he has trick- ;
244 18 m lif-hwn displeased. co ;

ed you, he turns the cold shoulder upon you.
cai i hf-hwn a m hi-Iiwn ? How can it be known hwu to-tng; turn it over endwise. hwn lin-
whether he is |)leased or displeased ? cfa si i tilg; roll it over. cf tio chjin-chieh, cie"
p6i'
hf-hwn kai this is what pleases him. i cil-lai
;
ju U6, hwn-lin-tng hie° pdi" cai ju ; after yoa
hf-hwn cie"-se"; he is himself gratified in hav- have rubbed this side of the matting wiih a
tit pe-b(5 hai hwn sim attain the wet cloth, turn it over and rub the other side
ing it so. ;
in the same way.
approbation of parents. hwn-lin-tng lai ka cia" tiii ;
turn it over to cut it and it will just suit,

hwn 102 Foreign. hwn ngan; retract one's word. ta° tia"-tieh
123 7 liwn ue ;
a foreign language, bo n6 jit cu hwn
; after all had been settled by
hwn iiang; a foreigner. che° hwn ; half civil- conference, in less than two days he would
ized immigrants. sek hwn ; civilized immi- retriict what he said. kai ue ta" li'o, hwn-
grants, hwn (U ; foreign potatoes. hwn ciin hwn.tng; after he has said a thing he does not
eki nang-kheh khu kue hwn ; foreign vessels hold to it.
carry emigrants to foreign parts. hwu-nang

chki foreign food. "y~t hwn
62 To transform t<i change &8
^J
; ;
248 1 by magic,
j-r*
hwn 29 To revert to return to re-
; ; pien-hwn put chek ; changes so that it cannot
/^'V 126 2 cur ;
the reverse of ; to turn be computed, hwn sut magical arts. ;
over on the contrary.

to rebel
m
; ;
thi-"8i hwn-pien the weather has changed. c6

;
hwn 154 To carry about for sale ;
to
kii i kai sim cu sle" hwn after awhile his mind ;
127 4
^ peddle,
reverts to its former purpo.se. fiu-l&i i sle° hwn ciu-jit toQ hwn kfa ta" Ifti boi; every daythere
hue; afterward he returned to his original state are children brought here for sale, koi-hwn ;
of mind, hwn liah klif lai came to life again. ;
one who pwddles fowls. hwn se" nfmg khau ;
Bi li hwn hun
tng lS,i after dying he returned ;
to
peddle
children. khut i hwn kau hu^-hng
to life, hwn sim su-sle"; returns to his former khu; carried by him to a great distance to
design. hwn sle°; think it over. i kai
pe" be sold. hwn b6i tit chut chiu cannot sell it ;
to- hwn tSng; he had a relapse. ieh ce lang off by carrying it about for sale, hwn kiie ie";
ciali, pe" iu hwn if he omits the medicine the
;
sold into a foreign land.
disease will return. hvvn lii put miii"; on the
contrary was disagreeable.
it i
ang cfa hwn hwn 30 To bid to order.
iuS.k jieh kii the husband and wife have long
;
R/^
.,7V 248 9 sai-hwn
;
to send at a call,
;
been on bad terms with each other, hwn-hwn u-hwn ;

to order, leng u huang, hwn ho ; can
hok-hok over and over again.
;
hwn lai khah command the wind and the rain.
khu, boi ut tossed to and fro, and could not
;
i cek me"* hwn kiie lai khah kiie khu, 162

sleep. Still; furthermore; never-
ut bo cek khiin-kia"; he was turning to and Mhvvn
244 13 theless ; also,
fro all night and slept scarcely any. i slang hwn-h'o to ko ; is still here, hwn-lio boi si
;
is
teiighwu ut a very restless sleeper.

;
she is not dead even now. hwn-h'o 6i toa; is still
i hwn ut kau leng puah kia°; she tosses about growing. i hwn u he still has some, hwn u
;
BO that she pushes her children out of bed. ke cek kia° su ; there is yet another matter to
pvvu-hwn tSi ngek ; to be attended to. i hwn khu he has gone
bwn-pwn ; to rebel. ;
rebel against and resi.st the authority of. lii

again. ci'a hwn h6 ; this also is good. hwn
pat thia"-k\° ti-ko hwn me ? Have you heard ui-hp sng cp hd kfii ; still they are not to be
of a rebellion anywhere ? hu-ko hwn, toa pia° reckoned as good ones, hwn ai° sa" kai three ;
khu pheng i ; there is rebellion there, take more are waivted. i hwn bue l&i ; he has not
soldiers and bring them to terms. hu kai ti- come yet. i hwu si ciah ci kai ; he is as before
hng hwn kau ju-ju that country is in a state ;
eating this.
of anarchy. i am- ce° mong hwn he secretly ;
plotted rebellion. cSu hwn ; incite rebellion, hwn 86 Trouble ;

vexed ; grieved.
lia ce kia°-khui io cti si to hwn ; as soon as I 125 ^
hwn-lau ;
to harass. hwn-
am gone, there is a revolt. thoi" chut i il iau hi kio ua cp ; put youto the trouble of
hwn kut ; discerns in him a tendency to rebel- this for me. cfa khah hwn-liii lu this
doing ;
lion. h\vn khau-keng ; retract one's words, is too much trouble for you to take. hwn-lp ;
hwn ui keh clah j the stomach rejects food. sorrowful. hwn-hwn Ip-lp ;
much troubled.
lA cp-ni livvn-liwn 16-1(5 m ln\ii° liiah? are Why hwn 40 A

servant of the crown.
you so persistently melancholy ? sim m-h(5 2486 hvvii-ke ; charaberlaing. hwn
,
khah to hwn ; you should not indulge in too kua°; statesmen, si hvvn-ke; hereditary officers
much grief. ciu jit sim ce khah kiie hvvn cii in the Emperor's household, iam hvvn; eunuchs
ai" se" pe"; if you indulge in too much grief in the palace. mia" hvvn a royal servant who ;
day after day, you will become ill. b6 hwn b6 receives posthumous honors.
Ip ; wholly free from vexation. mien-eng
hwn-ld ; min hwii mux 1(5 have no occasion ; — hwt —
for solicitude.
190 The hair on the human head.
hwt
hwn 96 A a bracelet 121 5 chau than kit hwt ; a long
ring ; ; winding married couple. kit hwt hu chi ; an old
245 13 around,
chill hwn ;
a bracelet. kha hwn ankle rings, ;
married pair. phi mo" sua" hwt disheveled ;
hi" hwn ; ear-rings. ™ô hwn; a door

hair. hph hwt thong ngwn white hair and ;
chfig-kiii" hwn
knocker. I'osy complexion.
rii:gs affixed to ;
furniture. sie"-hvvn trunk rings,

; lang hwn ;
rings on bags, thih hvvn; iron rings, teng cek hwt 105 To sprout ;
to shoot forth ;
kai hvvn ho tio mueh nailed up a ring to hang; 121 7 to ibsue.

things from, sua" si se" lai wn-hwn the spur ;
hwt chai ;
to grow rich. hwt si ;
to take an
of the mountain winds about, ciii ia tiie i wn- hwt hieh
oath. ;
to put forth leaves. hwfc
hvvn the water courses follow its windings,
;
siin to sprout.
;
hwt ke ; to increase as a
ki'u lien-hvvn the chain and bar puzzle.
;
lien- family, hwt pia" khu tii-gu dispatch soldiers ;
hwn kau-tah kaa tlip-thp tang-tang intei*- ; to repulse them. hwt ge to bud. hwt ge ; ;
linked securely. i hwn ; a ring worn on the hwt khi; to teeth. hwt mo"; to grow hairy,
tunic to suspend charms from. eng hwn lai hwt-khi lai to spring up and grow,
;
hwt ie"
tah kin cia" lin-tng take a ring and link it in
; cun to dispatch a gun-boat.
;
tau hwt g§ Ifo ;
tightly then it will be secure. the peas have sprouted, hwt toa"; issue a per-
mit, hwt hiie to send off goods.
;
hwt hue ;
hwn to send off on a return journey, hwt chut lai

^^ 1^ Manifold; multitudinous;
troublesome from excess. to send forth, hwt-np; hwt-nau; get irritated.
;
j^ 125 11
i kai sii-bu hwn cai his cares are manifold, sit hwt bue coi its wings are not yet fully
;
;
grown. hwt meng ci kai tp-H set forth this

hui-eng hau-hwn ; expend lavishly, ciu jit kS,i
;
su sim si hwn-jong the daily occupations are doctrine clearly, hwt se"; to put forth, ai" cp-
;
lu mai" khah hvvu-hiii do ni khai-hwt ? In what way is it to be set forth ?

very troublesome, ;
ci kia" su sim si i cia" khui-hwt pat-tp-khu; he understands

not spend too extravagantly,
the exposition of it. i i"-keng ta-hwt nang
hwn-lang; this affair is indeed very needlessly
troublesome. cu bu hwn-hua cai the whole khu lio; he has already dispatched a messenger,
;
affair is very wearisome. i kai su khah hwn ; hwt-lph kui" khu sim ; he has gone to the
his affairs are too numerous and trouble- district city to try cases. hwt ko become ;
mouldy, hwt tak mueh hwt mueh develop ; ;
a poisonous swelling. hwt kua"; to perspire,

hwt jiet hwt juah have fever, hwt sim-raih
^^^ hwn To dress the hair in a knot
190 ; ;
on the top of the head, as pe" ? What disease has he ? hwt sie ui chin ;
^^^ 246 13
have fever and ague. hwt ciu-moh have a ;
the ancient Chinese did; a tuft, a knob, a knot,
rash from drinking wine, hwt khau-nie; issue
hia-hwn a slave girl a maid servant who has
; ;
rations. hwt kang-ci"; pay wages. tang i
been bought. ci kai si i sin pi" kai hia-hwn ;
lai hwt-lph wait till be comes and gives the
this is her personal attendant, hu lai kai hia- ;
hwn si-pi hph coi nang ; the female attendants orders. kau jieh coi hiio cia" hwt tak ? How
old was he when he got promotion ?
in there are very numerous.
^^ hwn 112 Metallic salts, tet hwt 122 Apenalty; to fine; to
^^
hvvn
126 15 peh-hwn alum.
cp-hwn blue vitriol.
xA. cp-
;
che'- W\ 122
heng-hvvt; punishment.
9 punish.
sie" hwt hun mSng
copperas,
; ;
;
hwn colored with blue vitriol.

;
hwn ciia ; the rewards and punishments are distinctly set
paper sized with alum. cang hwn lai tin cia" forth. hwt ciu sa" pue; forfeit three glasses
6i tue: size it with alum and then it will adhere. of wine (by being ma(ie to drink them), hwt
forfeit a part of one's salary, ki° wish to send them on errands. i kai chfa
hong ; ûa
h<vt M I am going to mulct you. hwt i nQ thia"; her hand is sore. phah i kai kha ;
si i kai a m si ? It ia
;
kai ngun him two dollars.

fined toa-tda struck him on the foot.
ai° khu i ko to am going to
;
his is it not ?
tieh khut i hvvt; let him mulct you to any ;
sit with him. i kai cih se" tai his tongue ia

amount. hwt khwn a fine. ceh-hwt to
; ;
;
hwt tieh i r7i su- hok; he would not furred, ua iS, i bo I have some, he has none.
;
punish.
submit to the fine, khin hwt, tSng hwt rli sie
a light penalty and i 76 A clothes-horse.
tang, to tieh hwt; some pay i-ke ; a clothes-rack.
274 9 lam nng
some a heavy one, but all must be punished.
m tftng i-k^; the sexes must not use the same
116 A cave a hole in the earth
hwt ;
clothes-horse.
/V or hillside a burial place

a den.
230
chan-hwt a lurking place, siang k6
tiang-si cu si hwt-ku; in the
;
most ancient
times were the cave dwellers, ci cek h^t sua"
; ;
^ \1118 ~4
help from man.
70
i
i kira sa° ni Ho
From
l(i i sim hd ji'm

m
;
khiu
it is now
exercise
at
i
; by ; with, in.
nfing; he asks not
;
three years since

ti-tiang kai ? Whose burial place
;
si is this ?
patience heartily. sui si cie°-se co to bd iah
si a,u cng co cek hwt ; after they died^ they
were buried in the same grave, tiara hwt, î"
1 su ;
although that be done, it will be of no
tfam tit tieh ; in pointing out a burial place advantage in this case.
the point is to point out one. cam tui hwt- 9 To trust to to rely on to con-
; ;
a lance in a vital part,
tau, c\a"
then there
hau-nglam
is efiicacy iu it.
;
ik^r 271 6 form to.
i-kQ ; depend upon. i si i-k6
tl-tlang co au-
piah-sua" ? On whom
does he rely to back him
hwt 9 Reduce to order.
b6 i, b6 k6 ; nothing to depend upon.
122 4 khi pia° khu hwt ; raise troops up ?
bo s<5 i-chi; has nothing to depend on. in i lu
and go and reduce them to order. chfa" lu
cun i ;
c\e'-8e'; do not agree with you in that,
Ifii cak-hwt ; invite you to act as arbitrator.
compliant. tng-<ng sia cun-i kit-cng openly ;
hwt 4 Exhausted defective. signed a written agreement. i

huap khu c6 ;
"^^ I am
;
go and do it according to the rule. i-jien si
^^, 122 4 nftng slm si ;
kliini-hwt
cie"-8e°; it was the same as that before. i le"
very weary. mih miioh to b5i khueh-hwt ;

there is nothing unsupplied.
khii ue go and draw it according to the pat-
;
tern. i-"gi; according to what was decided

upon in conference. i-ku si cie'-so°; that ia
the way it was formerly, i-i put sla; I cannot
/-ft- i9 He, she, it, and their plurals.
part with you. i-i Iwn-lwn sfa khui ; I can- m
1/ 4 cl kiii r pang kau i si-cia° si-
271 not let you go. i-lvvu bo-kfa"; cannot bear
câ°; set these chairs straight. ua ai", i i7i ; I separation from his family. i-lwn ku-hie";
wanted to but he would not. b6 i, cu hai su ;
strongly attached to his native village.
without him, we could not get along. si i a
si lu ? Is it he or you ? ham i lai ; tell her to '
145 Clothes dress.
Aj t i ; garments ;
come here, ci'a si i kai a si lu-kai ? Is this his

or yours ? lu thoi" i ho me ? Do you think it
^^ 270 i sie"; a trunk. i
pau a ;
used
cloth to wrap clothing. phah co i-pau ;
lu kio i io siang hd, lia thph lu kio do them

is good ?
up in a bundle.i-hok ; garments,
i ta"; you are quite intimate with him, and so i kai
thng tio i-h6k ; to undress. nang chai,
I will leave it to you to tell him. i-kai sa° la si cheng i-hok khi lai cu h<5 thoi"; she is one
phua h'o her tunic is torn.
;
i
jleh coi hue ? who is comely if she be well dressed. i-h6k
How old is she ? khut i co-pu khu; let him phai-chiang ; elegantly apparelled, chgng ho-
go with you. ua bo ai° pun i ; I am not going i ; wear a uniform. sai kau peh-se° i ciah
to give him any. ci clioh cu-cheh thfth i h<5 ;
chong-cok ; cause the people to have sufficient
pile up these books nicely. thau-mo luah i food and clothing. kia" i ; travelling dress,
kng comb your hair smoothly.
; chu pang hu seng-i tiam ; a tailor's shop. i-kwn coi-cfa"; a
gQa la i ta spread it outside and let it dry.
;
complete outfit. h5-i ;
rain cloaks.
lu thoi" i oi se" ko a boi you see whether it
;
has become mouldy or not. kai su U kau i M 5/^ \ J49 The conferring of a laudatory
iap-thiap iap-thiap do up your work very
; PJIIL 764 ~9~ name after death, by the
i ta" i m he says he won't, phah i Eiuperor; a posthumous title; to confer pos-
neatly. ; ;
beat him. hai" i ; pay it to him. ai" sal i } 1 thumous titles.

cm i kai i ho ; this 13 the title conferred on

si copy, it is the first draught. pit ^0 oh ue i ;
him since his death. i

huap sf ou ciu chio the rough sketch is the more difficult to draw,
cia° u kai ; the custcra of conferring posthu- hah hi kai i me ? Is it in accordance with
mous titles existed from the time of the Chau your wishes ? thoi" tiehhah i c3,i it appears ;
hah lia kiii i iu tieh

dynasty, i si Jiu i-co mih mla"? What was the <o be just what I want.
name which was conferred upon him by the hah lu kai i; it suits me and must also suit
emperor after his death ? you. nin no nang ji ke hue i you two under- ;
stand each other. i

sng .si ii su i he haa ;
-
'
61 Idea intention mo- private ends. m ho cang i chek-tak do not

*y i ; ; thought ;
make it up out of your own head. chwn bd

;
/^\ 282 9" tive.

ua m cai i kTii i-su ;
I do not know what it 6e" i ; has no business capacity, nin mai° se" i
means. does it mean ?
sim-raih i-su ? What khi, tieh hiia-hua you must not get cross with
;
kak nang kak nung cip cek kai 1 each held to ;

each other, you must be good friends, ci kia'
his own purpose. lu mai" cip ka-kl kdi i do ;
su si tl-tiang khi i ? was it that started Who
not be tenacious of your own notions. thoi" this idea ? i mai" kai i to kp ;
it has a hidden
tieh bo i-su; it appears nonsensical. m-ho i- i cwn sim cwn i cp he does it
meaning. ;
6U disreputable a bad idea.

;
i op su bo cii
;
heartily. lu kai i si ai° co-ni ? What is
bo he acts without any fixed purpose,

] i 10 your idea about it ho ui ? What ? lu i ai"
;
6i, tieh chi'a" i lai cu-i; he is clever, and

would you have? thoi" chut i fx hvvn i;
we must ask him to come and determine what perceive that he has changed his mind, hien-
shall be done. lu kio ua cu-i you decide for hien chut i kai cia" i ; shows his real motives,
;
me. lia m ka° cii-i kai i; I dare not decide i chvvn bp sa" sim no i he has no two minds ;
i cp su toa cii toa i; he acts about it. ce ta" i cii hio i; as soon as you
upon any design.
with great decision, i toa cii toa i khu cp he ; speak he will catch the idea. kim khue tit i
went and did it with great determination, nang, la si c6i° khue sit i nang; those who
m teng i kai i ; not according to his notiojis. at this examination attain their wish, are those
ke-i ill
hau"; pretended to be averse to it. te" who at former examinations failed to attain
i pretended to be of that mind, lia ho cheiig
;
their wish. si kam
cheng, i ngvvn ; it is done
ho i kio lu ta"; I told you with a good motive. cordially. be sim wn his will is like a
i ;
ta° ue bo i-su; talks nonsense. horse's and his heart like an ape's he is
ju-i as you
;
;
desire ; a woman's head ornaments. bwn su strong and inconstant, ciig kai bo pit i ; there
chah is no meaning in the strokes of the pen.
ju-i ; may everything be to your liking, lip
1 ; to make up the mind to determine.
ju-i; wear ornaments in the hair. ju-i pS,ng ; ;
an aigrette worn in the hair. ce ju i-kai \ m 184 Comfits tidbits.

cu klii ; if everything is not just as he wishes /Â i ;
he gets angry. chut nang ppt 275 6 i-thng; barley sugar; sweet-
gua beyond all i
;
meats.
human expectation. i
gua, lio m kau kai su ;
something unexpected, and beyond all that 37 Barbarians to kill.

pg* i ;
had been calculated upon. lii kue i not more
than was expected, thoi" tieh ci hue kue i cSi
;
y7^ 276 ^ i-jin; barbarians. i kaa-cok ;
;
slay the whole race. i-pang ; foreigners. i-
it appears that this time there is more than we
tek ; northern savages. m^ng-i southern
i m si ku i
;
had thought of. cie^-se"; he did
savages.
not do so intentionally. kii-i of deliberate ;
purpose. i fl sim ii i lai

sang lu, lii tieh siu ;
he has thoughtfully and purposely brought
^^
^S^ 274
i 115
6
To
to
transpose; to shift; to
change the place or direction
move;
them for you, and you must accept them, of. i khui khu ;
to move off. i-siia io kun ce ;
move i bun khu i

tit i cSi
happily chanced.
;
cieh i cieh i ne ;
it up a
nearer. little kp ;
ironical ; a double meaning. hd khah tieh m sent off a dispatch to him. I khua ciu kin ;
i ; it is not well to have your mind too

strongly to accommodate with a timely loan, i-np u no
Bet it. upon lu thoi" i si sim-mih i-kien ? sa" peh ngun cieh i eng borrow two or three ;
What do you think his opinion to be ? ho i ? hundred dollars in order to lend it to him.
What does it mean ? put i unintentional, j
cia si thoi
i
i-np kai ; this borrowed from an-
tia th6i''-ki° lu bo i ai° boi I perceive that you ;
other and lent to him. i lai, cieh khui; borrow
have no intention of buying it. b6 j ai° boi ;
and lend. chim po lang i ;
it is very difficult
does not intend to sell. tang sim tang \ of ;
for me to get away a single step. put 16ng i-
the same mind, sia i make a rough draught. ;
gk ;
it cannot be altered. i hue
ciap b&k to ;
da. m ei kong pit, el i

pit ;
this is not the clean graft flowers on a tree, i hua tha nang i hua ;
pkng p^fc nfi,ng ;

shift the trouble off upon an- person as usual, and disease the same, the
other, i si thu-lQa ;
lay a corpse at a person's medicine used has not the .same effect. i su;
door in order to criminate him. cek cwn i cu a queer thing. cia cu i lio ; this is odd. I
kang cu hd-hd just tmnspose them and they ; kok ; strange countries. tai tang sfo i ; a
will be all right. ce ta" tia''-tieh cu bo kdi-i; great resemblance with few points of difference,
after having settled the point there is to be no khi-i ; strange, i-twn ; here.sy. cong sin bo I;
i b6 ek without change or altera-
hd kuai-i ; marvellous.
change, ; unvarying. keng kht
tion, kui khueh-hun lai i kliut Id, lu kui
i
lip i venerate on account of strangeness.
;
khueh-hun lai i khut i ; transfer his liabilities

to you, and yours to him. thih pit, bo i ; I 145
Posterity ; descendants.
written with an iron pen and unalterable. 284 Ru-i chiang-seng ciii ; his
7
posterity is very numerous, cia si i kai mio-i ;
154
! To reward the worthy ;
to these are his remote descendants. l-sun ;
274 8
obtain promotion for another; immediate descendants.
to get reward due to one's self transferred to
another, i-caiig peh-cek pe-bo gain rank for ;
—f—
uncles and parents after their death.
sa" to
i-hong
he got his ancestors for three genera-
tions ennobled.
;
chia" i-hong; ask for pre-

ferment for another, on account of one's own
a ^ f"
278 8
9 Because of
order to; from, to, in, at, wliere-
in; the manner or instrument of.
;
s(5 f"; there-

by means of ; in
by, sd-f lia m ka" kia" khui therefore I did ;

services.
not dare walk away. sd-i" tieh kun-sin for ;
this reason it is necessary to be careful, khd-

*«^1 ^ ^®
"^^^ sister of one's mother or
i" ; khd-i" c6 tit it will do
Hy^ 277 "6 wife. ;
passably, ang cie".
se" kho-i"; that will answer the purpose.
a 1; an aunt or sister-in-law. si chi-i a si bp-i ? i"-ui;
to deem, lia T-ui khd-i" s^ng su ; I think the
Is it your wife's sister, or your mother's sister?
cousins, whose mothers are sisters. si thing may be done. i m
i"-ui sio-li ; he did
i-pfe ;
not consider the disgrace. sfo-li kai su i {"-
i-pfe a si ko-pfe ? Is his mother your mother's
iii thf-min ; what was disgraceful, he deemed
sister or your father's sister ? toa i mother's ;
honorable. ua f"-ui si luI supposed it was
elder sister. soi i mother's younger sister, ;
;
i a sister-in-law, the one next to the eldest, you. pin ci-ko i" from this point upward,
cie";
ji ;
ko ! ku klm long-cong lai aunts and uncles chong chu i" Su ;

from this point onward. i°
;
ngi ui in integrity there is profit.

11 i"
gua
all came. ;
bo pat-nftng ; there was no one besides, ho f" ;

72 whereby, lu h6 i° cai ? What means of know-
i
Easy, not difficult.
J\
i
/
noh !
281 4 b6 hie" iong-
iong-i cSi ; facile.
It is not so easily done
khf lai lu ! ta"
ing have you ? i" c6i° kai su mai" liin ; do not
discuss what is past. pin cf-ko i" e to si bo
si iong-iong i-i it is very
easy to talk about.; eng k&i ; from this point on, they are all
ce ta" phua, thoi" tieh cii iong-i ; after being worthless. i°-ti ci kia" su ih seng ; it is be-
cause of this, that the business failed of
explained it appears very easy.
accomplishment. to si i° si-li kau-chap it is ;
^^
^L>
i
284 16 i tek; eminently virtuous,

61 Virtuous ; admirable. solely on account of
associates with them.
worldly interests that he
cu ko i" lai hue pat
huaiig-ho kai meng k\e-co i ci; the command thia"-k\°; from former times this has not been
of the empress is called her virtuous will. i heard of. kii-chu ka i° cie"-se°; therefore
huam ; an example worthy of esteem. counseled in this manner. si i" tieh cai; con-
sequently must know.

i 129 To practise and become
284 7 skilled in. J^h i"
^ An ancient instrument carved
i
ngiap ; to acquire a trade, or profession. |i|/\ 1126 7 recumbent tiger,
to resemble a
having twenty-seven notches along its back :
i 102 Diverse odd, when a rod was rapidly drawn over it, the
; strange ;
J^^ 281 6 different. musical instruments stopped. gûh ce cau

i ie"; a rare a singular person.
sort. i i
jin ; ai° hiah cQ khia ki tek lai kueh ci kai f kai
bun strange ; kien rarely seen, i
reports. I ; ka-ciah when the musical instruments were
;
jit another day.

; si-hau bo i, nang bo i, pe"- about to cease sounding, they took a bamboo
ceng la bo i, ii si eng ieh hû-lio tang m ;
and drew it to and fro across the back of the
sometimes when the weather is as usual, the wooden tiger.
r 9 To trust to ; to rely on. so lai m

i°; in rolling it between the thumb and
IRJ 279 8 i"-ko ;

to rely upon. f"nai;to fingers you have not made it round. i° miia";
on personal influence. rounded off completed. i"-!" mua"-mua°;

depend upon, i" si ; rely
;
quite finished up. cek toa i"; a largo round

49 A sign of the perfect tense al- a semi-circle.
pua" tong 1"; a half
Ei"
278 ready to have done with.
;
have written it already.

; object,
a dollar. i" kaika co
i";
cut it round. i co su
khah pang, i co .su lo i"; this one does things

;
i"-keng si'a li'o ;

jit i"
kue ngo already past noon,
;
it is me" i" chim more precisely, the other does them the more
lio ;
tlie already far advanced.
night is lu i"- accommodatingly. jii" i" ai"
pi" sui to i; let
keng in-tap lia you have already given me ;
it be round or flat, as he chooses. siah i i°;
your answer. lia i°-keng kio lu ta" ku-a hue whittle it off round. i"
; long-long spherical, ;
I have already told you several times. jit

1"- globular.
keng ua° lio it is already late in the day. put
;
tit i" kai su something that cannot be done

;
Hrf i" 3 A pill; a pellet; a small ball.
y*{j 246 kap CO ieh-i"; make it up into
2
otherwise. put tit i" tieh thia" i ; there is no
other way but to do as he says. ciah cek hok ieh-i"; take a dose of pill.<».
i"-jien kai pills,
eu ; what is irrevocable. put kiie ang cie°-so'' lah-i"; pills enclosed in wax. lah-i" khak the
;
wax which encloses a hua concoct

ju i"-i" only this and notliing more.
; pill, ieh-i";
pills. 60 ieh-i"; roll up into pills. cu-hun i°;
Jv chair a seat a couch.

i" 75 A ; ; pellets made from potato starch. cut-bi i";
/R| 279 8 cek ciah kau-i"; an arm-chair, pellets made from glutinous rice. mng kha u
rain-i'"; a couch. be cah i"; a folding chair, nting boi sie i"; there is so.me one at the door
i" tio a trestle.
;
i° toh a large square stool. ; selling hot pellets. bo i° ia u cap ; though
i°-tha.u a stool. ; pang lS,i chng-i" mueh-kia"; there are no dumplings there is some of the
the bedroom furniture. bo i" ho co; there is soup. bo i" cap a lai though you cannot ;
no chair to sit on. chau i"; arrange the chairs, have the dumplings it is something to have the
r chau khui ce set the chairs a little farther; soup in which they were boiled.
apart. chau i" khut i co place chairs for ;
them to sit on. kui° kha be i"; a high bench, i" 109 To sleep to lie down.
;
tiig tio i"; a long bench. ke i"; a low chair, 782 8 ikhu i" 16 he has just gone
;
i" tien ; a sofa cushion, to bed. ciah lio tiam-tiam having eaten, he
i"
phi a tidy, kau-i" ;
i";
phin the back of a chair.

;
kau i" chia ; the sleeps undisturbed.
arm of a chair, kau i" toi the seat of a chair, ;
i" tliek i" hue";

; rungs of a chair. tin-i";
112 An ink-stone.
rattan chairs, cieh chng, cieh i"; marble tables vXi 1090
10 7 bak
i"; writing implements.
pit
and couches. hia" schoolmates.
i" ti ; lau khe" i"; bua.
chwn thih i"; a very fine inkstone. ci kai si
i° 27 The thorax of shell-fish. bak i", hu kai si ngun-cu i"; this stone is for
hoi i°; the sternum of a crab,
1088 17 black ink and that is for red ink. i" kau ; i"
pe-khi kai i"; the lower shell of a land-crab, ti;
the furrow at the end of an ink-stone, i"
chie kau i" tlua"; laughed till my sides ached.
tng the flat surface of an ink-stone.
;
i°
ap;
the box which holds an ink-stone.
jgu r 86 The house swallow or martin.
"J"y\ 1090 12 i" cfo the swallow. i" tau ;
;
US 1137 170 I" A public establishment ; a

swallows' nests. peh i"; a white martin. o
an
nek i"; the ray. tyC 7 hall ; asylum a walled
;
enclosure.
i°-bi Pearl barley. png po-i"; I, the governor- general. sun-bu
278 V-bi mue";
maise. po-l"; lieutenant governor. cu-i"; a college,
fiijt i"-bi-jin;
boi choh khiam-sit i°-bi lai khla cu-l"; at college. kam i"; take charge of
barley water.
a school or college. toa kiie kong-i"; bigger
pu tu-kha ; buy some watei'-lily root, and some
than an examination hall. hak-i°; literary
barley to cook with the pigs' feet.
chancellor. thi-tok hak-i"; a chancellor who
Round ; spherical ; circular.
i» 31 conducts military examinations. iang ci i";
10 ai° si-pang a ai" i" ? Do you
1132 ku lau i"; an asylum for the aged. khut cf
want it square or round ? ue kai i''-kho ;
kai am-kwn ji-i° tin tio toa-bo-mueh ti-hng ;
draw a cix'cle. cek khuang i"-i"; a circular much ground is rendered useless
by this monas-
enclosure. cek khwu i"-!"; a vertical circle. tery and its attachments.
184 DICTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
sua" ia"; reflections of natural scenery in water,

I'a 166 A
wilderness a moor; savage. ;
nang la" c\e tQ ti toi ; a person's image reflected
1079 4 sua" I'a in a pool. teng ia"; shadows made by lamp

kliuang-i'a; a waste.
kui n&ng mountaineers. ia se" bfle tfi his light. kia" toi kai ia"; the image in a mirror.
; ;
wild disposition is not yet tamed, la bl; gamey b6 there is no evidence of it.
ia"; bo ia" bd
flavor, fa kfa"; a savage. ci kai nang la cfti ciah there is no trace of it.
; bd la" no ; there
;
is no truth in it. fi la" ciah

this person is very rude and fierce. cliang fa;
there is evidence
;
wild land. of its reality. bQe si u la"; there are as yet no

I6ng-hu ia-jin savage yeomen. ;
signs of its being real, i ta" kau fi la" fl ciah ;
la 88 Sire; noblemen; divinities; he gives corroborative proof. lu thoi" Q ia" a

1079 9 officeis. b6? Do you consider that it is founded on fact?
thiii-ia ; your worship, the district magistrate. fl ia"
hiang a b6 ? Are there visible or audible
I2iu-ia; an officer, a nobleman, or a male divinity, signs of it ? chQe cio" kii hwn-llo bo ia" bo
toa ia, jl ia,
sam ia ; an officer, his servant, and hiang ; have sought it so long and yet there are
tjervant's attendant. iJlu thai la ; your lienor, no signs of it to be found, chwn b6 ia" hiang;
the prefect. ia mng the servants or attaches ;
bd ia" b6 hiang no proof of its existence given
;
in a yamun. kong ia your grace, the duko. ;

to the ear or the eye. la°.sie"; a likeness,
EU ia a private secretary.
;
a la sire ; esquire, ; huh-ce-kje, th6i".k"i"i k&i
la"; suddenly saw
pki iSu-ia worship the gods.
;
sui l&u-ia ; set his similitude. hd hdiig lo u la"? Without
up gods. he iSu-ia ; make known to the god. substance bow can there be a shadow ? bo ia"
h5ng lS,a-ia ;
make offerings to a god. thah ; a pagoda that casts no shadow, si Iftng-
thdng cua-ia", a si peh jl ciia-la"? Do these
^*y^ ia 130 To carry on tlie back.
puppets casting shadow pictures, speak the
|~J 669 5 la a-n^"; to carry a child mandarin dialect or the colloquial ? ia" hi; a
b5i k!a°, tieh ia i ; he cannot
play performed by pup|>ets casting shadows on
i
pic'kback.
walk and must bo carried pickback. a screen. k&i ia" cu so" kî kia"; the shadow
repeats itself.
\n* la 8 Also
likowsise. ;
moreover ;
yy 1093 4 el kai la h(5 ; this also is good.

cie"-se" ia hd, h\e"-se" la h(5 ; either will do. Ia
la' 162 To go on a circuit.
1112
9 ia" lau-la; take idols out
el bo nai kai ; neither is it durable. Ia miii"
for an airing in a procession. si la" jit bp la"
mug i ; do not ask him either, ci k&i la si kun- me"; they carry him around in the day-time,
cu nang; he is likewise a cultured person. Ia m not in the night. cai hi"-ci" lio, liah khu ia"
si hi lai ta", via clu iTi kheng had you not come ;
si mng-thau ; having pierced his ear with an
and told me, I should not have been willing.
arrow, they carry liim around by force to
ia 64 To scatter ;
to sow broadcast. people's doors as a show. ia" sin; to get up
721 12 la ceng-ci to sow seed. Ia bf ;

processions in honor of the gods. Ia" teng ;
the feast of lanterns. ia" keng ; to exhibit

kliut koi ciah scatter some rice for the fowls
;
tableaux in a procession.
to eat. mui" la" cek koi°; do not scatter it all
about, ia chek ; to sow paddy.
— ia" — la"
251
61
9
Perturbed; afraid; terrified.
thong po kai nang cng kai
ia" 109 To glance at. kia°.ia°; all the people in the mart were greatly
686 12 khut xia ia"-ki'; I got a alarmed. hai kau i tang-me" kia"-kia" ia -
glimpse of it. ua i'a" mfik, chin-chie" thoi". ia";kept them in fear and trembling the whole
ki"; I glanced at as in taking a hasty look, iIi cai sim I5i kia"-ia" mih
it, night through.
la" mfi.k, chin-chie" si i ; at a
momentary view, su; do not know why he is so much perturbed,
i kai cu, ce ia" mak cu i cug kai hd kia" bd ia"; he feels no
it appears to be he. appre-
pat; he knows his lesson after just a slight hension.
glance at it. Iti ia°-th6i" tieh cHi-se"; you take
a look at it and see what sort of things it is. m^ ia" 19 To conquer to win to over-
; ;
A
Wf 771 lo come to get the victory to
; ;
shadow ; a picture or excel ; superior ;

best.
image. i cek nang cien ia" i ceng nang ; he alone con-
jit ia"; shadow cast by the sun.

a gueh ia"; a quered the whole of them in the fight. mih
shadow made by the moon, nang la", chiu ia", su to ai° CO kau ia"; in whatever one does, he
hue ia"; shadows of people, trees, and shrubs. wishes to excel in it. lu ia" kiie i; you surpasa
hitn. ia" i toa-b<5-muoh ; greatly superior to The sixty-four diagrams.

lab 72
bim. caa ia°; to outrun, k ia"; get the better 281mia"-ke phok lab ; expert in
4
of in an argument. i
p6i°-pien kbu ia"; be divining by diagrams. c/ hue kliu phok kfti
bad the best of it in tbe debate. phah ia"; lab-khue now went and had his fortune told
;
won the battle. i si thS,i ia° a si thai su ?
iah H si chim kai the doctrine
by diagrams. ;
Did he win or lose tbe battle ? puab la"; to of the diagrams is a deep one. cang lab-kbiie
win in gambling. ce chui-sng bQe lai kai eu cQ oi soi" cai by ;
reckoning from the diagrams one may know

^^ 86 A camp a corps
S
bii ia";
la"
1107
a military camp.
13
ia" ngo kun la";
of an array,
; military
;
; the future,
jtjj iab
iah-kia";
64 To
The Book
beckon.
of Changes.
the army. jip la"; to enlist as a soldier. ia" ^ P^ 31 5 iah i lai ;

beckon to bim to
pua"; a camp. chin kun-la°; the household approach. cang chi'u iah i;
beckon to bira.
guards, toa la"; the bead-quarters of an army. thoi" i
cang iah ua; saw
si" i6 him motioning
gu ia"; tbe Emperor's bead-quarters. ia" cu ; to me with his fan. bua lai ta" ue
lab i ;
the commandant of a intrenchment. ci kai beckon to bim to come and speak with me.
tin kwn u jieb coi la" ? How many corps bas
tbis general under bis command ? kla" la"; i lab 142 A general name for moths,
ia"; move the camp. kla" kun cap ia"; to 890 9 millers, and sphinges,
boi-iah brilliant moths or butterflies, boi-iah
encamp in another place. chang la", cbang to ;
ti-ko ? Where have they intrenched themselves? to chai hue

the butterflies flit from flower to
;
flower. kai boi-iah p^ng lai kui" cSi ; this

buang nang lai than ia"; dispatch some one to ci
surprise the camp. seng me" kbu kiap la"; kite, made in imitation of a butterfly, has been
went and plundered tbe camp by night. khi sent up very high. cang cua ko kai boi-iah ;
pia" khu phah i kai la"; raise troops to attack

make a butterfly kite of paper. thai-kp Iah ;
their camp. lau i to siu ia"; leave them to a large gray moth. iah-thau kai 6i ; shoes
guard the camp, ia" ce the enclosure around
; having butterfly shaped ornaments on the toes,
a camp, la" mng ;
the entrance to a camp. teng kliut teng-lab phah kue the lamp bas ;
been extinguished by a small gray moth's fly-

— iab — ing into it. choi" pi" tau-jin Su cu pi" cp lab ;
the silk-worm changes into a grub and after-
tt-Lk iab 30 To vomit ;
to spew out. ward into a moth. toa ciii iah moths that ;
IlL. 920 3 a-no" co-nl c]e"-sl ai° iab nl ? are numerous in floods and heavy rains.
Why does tbe baby throw up its milk lately ?
— iak —
clab h'o iab chut lai ;
threw it up after swallow-
ing it. i ci no iab hueb be has vomited
jit ;
iak To bind, to restrict ; to re-
120
blood these last two days. Ât 1117 trench about ; nearly,
Tt*J 3 ;
iak-liak ; iak liang about that; thereabouts;

;
^^^ iab 108 To benefit; to advance tbe iak-liak u jieb coi ? About how much is there ?
jnIL 1092 6 interests, cia si put kue iak kai tSi-liak ; this is nothing
bo iab ;
of no benefit. b6 iah it is ti siin, ; more that an approximate estimate. tS.i-iak ;
all loss, and no profit. bo
not advan- li-iah ; for tbe most part ; on the whole ; in a general
tageous, u sim-mili iah chu ng ? Of what tS.i-iak kau cek choi" ngun kai to ;
way.
advantage is it ? tSi Q iah very beneficial. ;
aproximately calculated, it would amount to
p6-iah sin-bun good for the health. khiam
;
about a thousand dollars. iak-sok to res-
;
si ii iah
humility advances one's interests,
;
train to repress to keep in subjection,
; ;
i iak-
iab-bp-chau ; boneset. chap ci kî pheng-iu sok bu lai kai nang, iak-sok kau ngiam c5i ;
cu ii iab ; to associate with this friend will be keeps those who are within, in very com-
promote your interests.
plete subjection. m pi hia bp iak bo sok hue;
not like those who are under no restrain,
iab 187 A government post ;
a sta- khiam-iak frugal. ;
iak kai pang-bd ; fix a
>'^^ 1094 13 tion. limit.
iab cam a post-station.
;
kau iah-c5m cu ua";
change at the post-station, lah-seng s6i-s6i si iak 157 To skip, to caper, to leap.
lau-tia"; the governor of a post-station, be it 1118 14 i cp su long- iak cS,i ;
he does
ever so small, a goveriiDr. iab be
is still ; post things with effusion. ceng nang long-cong
horses. were eager, i iak-iak ne ; be is
iong-iak; all
186 DtCTIONART OP THE SWATOW DIALECT*.
very frif^ky. lu tlioi" i iak-iak n6, cp kh^ng \am 157 To step across ;
to pass over.
6ti-h6k n&ng you see tLat he is very full of
; 468 6 iam tui sin teng kiie ; step
i
life, and will not willingly be tamed down. across over his body. kha mai° iam tieh i ;
do not step over it. kiii kiii a-no''-kia", td
Jam chu gu, h6°, th6 ; several children playing
leap-frog.
iam 64 To merge in a seasoning or
^ , 654 6 dressing, Iara 197 Salt.
ci'a tieh iam si-iu tbng clio this must have a ; 1086 18 phak iam ;
to evaporate salt
dressing of soy, sugar, and vinegar. iam peh in the sun. iam chiang; a salt shed, iam
cho ; put simple vinegar on it.
teng; salt-makers. lam sie°; salt-merchants.
!am-Qn-Bi a salt-commissioner.
;
Rhi iam ;
iara 1C9 To
castrate ; to geld. make salt, kua" iam salt that has paid duty, ;
1083 8 iara-koi ; a capon, iam-jin ; cia si lung-su ciah iam this is a little salt for ;
a eunuch. iam-hwn ; doorkeepers in the daily use. iam, cau, cho, cie"; salt, malt,
harem. thai-kam to bI iara kui the door- ;
vinegar and sauces. iam chft bi si io-kin kai;
keepers of the harem are eunuchs, thien iam ; salt, wood, and rice, are necessaries. o iara,
eunuchs from birth, iam khu tu sleu ; imper- p3h iam ; uncleansed salt, and cleansed salt,
fectly gelded. iara hn fine salt.
;
iam lu the brine in damp ;
salt, seh ce iam sprinkle in a little salt, seh

;
am 147 To peep to peek to spy.

f ; ; ce poh iam ; sprinkle in a thin layer of salt.
46 2 iam thoi" i to me peep and ; che''-iam; soda, huai-iam salt-petre. ;
see if he is there. i khu thau iam i he went

and peeped furtively at her. jtm iam, fam m
ki°; tried to peek in but could not. iam mug
;
^
^ iam 86 Hot ; ardent fiery.
1085 4 thi''-khi lam-jiet; thi"-sl 1am-
;
phang; peep through a crack in tho door, juah the weather is very hot.
; si-chSng sIm
iam choi^-li-kia"; look through a spy-glass. si iam liang the world is very fickle.
;
lam.
juah k&i 8i-hau tieh cai thau Hang when it it ;
hot one must take cooling food.

iam 9 To sink under water.
9 ci ki cie" 6i iam ciii ; this oar
1086
einks in the water. iam bii siu bfin si thi"-e ^^
Fvv
iam 86 The fury of a fire.
1091 12 hue-iam; flaraes. hue-!am
thî-pheng ; when military men sink and civil- li-li seng khi lai the flames continue to flare
ians swim, the whole world is at peace. piia"
;
up. hiie-iam uak-uak-kie the flames mutter.

iam ciii ; half in and half out of water. ;
Iam 139 Glossy sleek. ;
iam 64
1088 8
To screen from observation
to hide from view ;
;
to shade
^Q 1091 13 lam-li slick.
lam-Iam; its feathers are very glossy.
;
i kai m6'
ne lam-
and conceal. Iam exceedingly sleek.
;
i si td cia-iam kai iie ; his talk is intended to
keep the facts from being discovered, ua thoi"

— lang —
i si t6 iam-sek kai ; I consider that he is acting
jfL. iang 87 The middle the centre. ;
cia-iam kau bo n&ng cai ;
hypocritically. ^7^ 1070 2 pang to tong-iang; put it in
kept closel}' concealed so that no one knows, the middle. tong-iang teng pang cek tie"
piia" iam nmg ; a half-closed
door ; half con-
chng set a table in the centre.
; sai-pang
cealed, cang th6 iam biia cover it over with
tong-iang kp ; put it in the middle.
;
hue-hfig
clay. kai tong-iang teng ceng u cek cang chlu ; in
the middle of the garden a tree had been
iam 184
Satiated; to cloy; distasteful. planted.
1089 14 iam
cQa"; sated. tham tit
bo iam ; the avaricious are never satisfied, ciah Tîlf
A visitation ; a misfortune
iang 78
boi iam ; cannot eat enough of it. thoi" boi X7V from above,
1070 5
iam ; never satisfied with seeing. cai iam m bu kai tl-hng cau iang; that region has met
cok ; insatiable. ciah tieh iam ; have eaten it with calamity. cai-iang; afflictions. hQa
till 1 am sick of it. peh thak put iam ; an iang a punative calamity.
; cp put sien kang
insatiable reader. kii cu leng
nang iam ; one cu peh iang he who does wickedly will meet
;
may outstay a welcome. with every misfortune.

I'ang
184 To rear ;
to nourish ;
to 'Sm To publish to display to
iang 64 ; ;
1072 bring up. 6 1070

spread abroad ; to splash,
9
ci p5, iang sia"; halt and
iang cu thai lau; bring up a son preparatory to cry out, piia iang
old age. iang sin to refresh the spirits.
; pe- to-li; publish abroad the correct doctrines. si
b<5 iang-iok ksli un the kindness of our pa-
;
hai iang mia"; make known his name every-
rents in nourishing us in childhood. t&ng soi whei-e. iang rnia" au si; make known his name
to i ko iang toa ; brought up from childhood to after ages. hai put iang po the sea did ;
ci kui kia° si chin se" kai a si iang not dash its waves.
by him. iang pi"; flourish a whip,
kai ? Is this an own or an adopted child ? si iang to brandish a knife.
;
iang chiu wave ;
the arms.
iang kTii it is an adopted one.
;
ta" tieh cai lu mai" ciang-ciang iang-iang do ;
phue-iang ce must ;
now take care to nurse not you bruit it about, gua khau
ciang-iang ;
the health. tieh khua°-khua" p6-iang must ;
noise abroad. iang-iang tit i everything to ;
gradually invigorate the strength. p6-iang his liking. un ak iang sien ; conceal the evil
ein-thoi recuperate the physical strength,
;
and publish the good.
cang ieh lai pd-iang take medicine to increase
;
the vigor. ham-iang placid. chio-theng ;

186 To support or nourish a
iang
iang lau cun hien the government pensions
;
1072 6 senior,
the as:ed and honors the wise.
hong-iang pe-bd support one's parents. ; liu-
m iang
1108
72
6
Glare
thak cu; study by
the light reflected from the snow.
iang
iang ciii
soil
;
reflected light.
;
iang diminish his punishment on account of
;
his having to support aged parents. ko cong

iang; retire from office to spend one's days in
the glare from water, iang-sie"; a photograph. quiet.
iang 104 An ulcer a sore.

;
"-HH^ I'lig 61 Carking care low spirited. ;
1071
9 chng-iang bad sores, that ;
^\li\ 1074 6 bo iang; free from ap-
destroy the skin. chng-iang, ci cek lui pe" to prehension, i
cng kai bo iang he is not at ;
bI sok gua khue ; sores are reckoned among ail- all anxious, i bo iang bo iang ne he is quite ;
ments which are subject to external treatment. free from solicitude. i co i b6 iang bo iang ;
he keeps himself altogether placid.

iang 9 To simulate ;
to feign.
1072 6 lang-ui put cai ; feigned not
to know. iang 104 To itch
>|^
/.^ 1073 15 cia si
;
bo kwn
182 To whirled thong-iang
iang fly; off; sailing. kai su ;
this affair is of no importance what-
1071 9 khut i iang khu it was ;
ever, i kio i si kwn
chi ak nang chin-chie"
thong-iang siang ; they
whisked by him.
off
have the same sort of discomfort and can
chi eng, i to khixn cu lai, to pa i cu iang khu
sympathize with each other they are of the
;
;
to feed the wicked is like feeding hawks, when
same ilk, and stand or fall together.
their bellies are empty they come, and when
filled they fly off. kia" kau hun-phek pue-
iang ;
so frightened that all my wits departed.
-Ij3fe iang 75 model.
Style ;
mode ;
170 The superior or male

T/^ 1073 il kai iang-cu hd a
hi thoi" i
iang m-hd ? Do you consider his method good or

1071 9 principle in nature the cS,i ho lang-cu ;
; bad ? sit really an excellent
etberial parts of matter ; virility brightness, lu thdi° i tie" sim-mih mo^-iang see
;
way. ;
evident; open. what example he sets. to si it iang it is all ;

im iang ; the dual powers. thai-iang; the the same.
sun. thai-iang-kong rae° cai the sun is very ;
hot. iang kang; the land of the living, thi"-

Bi tieh u im ii iang cia" ho; there must be both
— lap —
cloudy and bright weather then all is well, iap 32
repress to conquer.To ;
iang si; this world. iang-hu; virility, csmg- 1069 14

khi-iap nang m-hd
one ;
lang ieh-ciu si sai nang iang-khi cang-kien a ;

must not oppress others, chia" tie" hu lai tin-
certain tonic strengthens the animal powers, iap ;
ask for a charm to overcome it. phai i
chong-iang coih ; the ninth of the ninth month, khu thang-iap; depute him to go and quell it.
iang siu kai cong ; long lives must come to an pun i iap to khu was overthrown by him. ;
end. iap cam au awl. ;

188 DICTIONAET OP THE SWATOW DIALECT.
72 The brilliancy of a flash.

ie 64 To vibrate; to sway; to wag.
lap
B^
=p
ce-sih flashed.
1082 12 iap-iap-sih ; to glitter,
thi" Vang it hue Iap-iap-sih ;
iap-
wags
a
his tail.
1075 10
ie leng ; ring a hand bell. ie
ie 16; work a scull. Ie bue ;
there was a flash of zigzag lightning. hu kai th&u to shake the head, i ce thia" tieh, th&u
;
ie biie hi"; as soon as he heard it his head

iap-ce-sih cie kau tho-e kng-kng;
that flash
lighted up the earth. wagged and his tail flopped. Id kia° 15 mki"
le-a-Ie do not swagger when you walk, i kia"
;
Ji'jjjj^ lap 142 A butterfly ;

a hinge. lo to bI ie koi" sin kia°; he always sways to and
SJ/V 379 7 lap- tiap ; a butterfly. lap- fro a8 he walks. huang cS chue cQ td ie ;
tiap chwn hue; the butterfly flutters among whenever the wind blows it swings to and fro.
the flowers. iap-tiap chai hue; the butterfly tl°-tx", ie cak full measure, shaken down.
;
sips the flowers. thih lup-tiap, tdug iap-tiap;

iron or brass hinges. Ie 64 To rattle; to shake ; to joggle.
Ie ko kui, lai boi sua";
— — ie call
1075 10
the rattle man here, and buy some sewing
hkra bOi
5*3^ ie A
a classifier of
145 waistband ;
silk, boi kai ie-n& lai Ie a-n6°; buy a cradle to
rock the baby in. liii khu Ie hQe let's form a
^"^Q 1074 9 garments having waistbands, ;
cek ie kho a pair of trowsers. loan association. Ie chiam pok khue ; shake
;
i
pftk c6k ie
the tallies and divine. tfth tieh Ie-16 if
ftiig k6n she wears a red petticoat. you ;
;
step on it, it rattles. che"; shako him and

Ie i
130 The loins

ie the waist ; the waken him. tieh soih kau boi Ie-16 ; you must
;
9 1074
back. prop it 80 that it won't joggle. ciah iSn, khf
h& ie; gird the loins, ie-toa; a girdle, ku ie; cii Ie-16 when old the teeth are loose, khut i
;
li6 Ie thit-th6 let him amuse himself by rattU

round shouldered. thoi" ie hunchbacked. ;
;
ing it. Ie i lok-lok-kie shook it and made

thSi" heng, tlioi" ie ; humpbacked and hump- ;
breasted, ie ci the kidneys. ie-ciah kut ;

;
it i-attle. m h<5 ie ;
do not joggle it. Ie lie cu
ie kut ; the backbone. nJlu tieh ie; strained ii" hwn cui ; if you joggle it will turn to water.
his back. cuah tieh le-ciah-kut ; spmined Ie tieh hi4 t6i hwn-lfo fl ; can tell by shaking it
his back. that there is still some inside.

tng tieh ie-ciah-kut ; dislocated his
spine. tng cih ie-ciah-kut broke his back, ;
Ie 196 The kite ; its scream portends
pftah cih ie-ciah-kut fell and broke his back, ;
Tkkl/ 1133 kd ciia-Ie make a pa-
8 wind, ;
lu bo ie-ciah-kut a iTi si Have not yon got

si !
per kite. ci kfii cua-Ie pang lai kui° cSi the ;
any back-bone lia ie ; lean the back against,

!
kite has been sent very high. khiio kue Ie ;
pjlk ie tie around the waist. puk Ie t6a ;
;
swifter than a kite.
tighten the girdle.
like a bee.
phang-ie small waisted,
lin-liang ie a waist like a wasp's, ;
;
le" —
ie cam
ment,
cut in two in the middle, as a punish-
in the middle.
;
pin pua" ie coih loh kliu cut it in two

pSk ui-ie wear a loin cloth,
lia ie ; a slender supple waist. ha ie ; bow by
;
;
n 1073 4 ferior.
ie°
constable to examine.
9
the district magistrate to respond.

To transmit
ie°
ie"
orders to an in-
che khu che ; send a
kiii° pin-hok ; order
bending at the waist only. ie th\a°; backache,

tui ie ; beat the back to ease pain. lam i k&i ie" 184 To rear; to bring up ; to take
e ie ;
lift him off his feet, clasping him around 1072 6 care of. ie° cek khun ie"-
the waist. kia"; rear a flock of kids. cia tng-kiie ie" tu-
cai ; this is like rearing little pigs. cie"-ie°; to
)3 ie 64 To bale out. nurse one's health ; to nourish and care for.
1097 7 I'e
chph ciii dip out some ; tng khu chu cie''-ie° si kai gueh cia" h6k-ngwn;
water. khieh ki kong klm ie; take the dipper went liome and nursed his health for four
and bale it out. bo mueh bd ie have nothing ; months, after which he regained his usual
to dip with.
strength. tang s6i-s6i si i cie°-ie'' kau toa it ;
was she who brought him up from his infancy,

te 116 A kiln to bake in a kiln.
; i lai bo
nang cie°-ie" i he has no one in hia ;
1075 10 hia ie sie hia ie ; ;

a kiln home to take care of him.
where tiles and bricks are baked, kih kai hia
ie build a kiln.
;
hui ie a kiln for ; baking ie" 86 To fuse ;
to assay ;
to melt.
pottery. Ie the mouth of the kiln,

mng ;
tlu 1071 T Ie" kirn, ngun, ie" siak,
Ie" ie"
phua ie ; lives in an old kiln ; a vagrant. tang ;

fuse gold, silver, pewter or brass. m
b1 eng im liiie ie" m kbu ;

it cannot be melted sample. lu ai° sira-mih fe"? "What sort do
in other than a covered fire. ci ie° tieh eng you want ? ci c§k ie" hcJ ra^ ? Is this kind
ieb c\a" ho io"; in order to melt this a chemi- good ? cf kai n&ng koh Ie" kph sie"; this is a
cal preparation mnst be used. ie" ka ; melt queer looking person. mki" khu oh i k3,i ie";
glue, cia tieh ie° ko hwn lai lin cxa" ho ; this do not follow his example, i td oh le" oh sie";
must have some melted alum to dip it in. to he is imitating them. tang ie" of the same ;
huaiig-16 lira kau ie° khu; it has been heated

kind, m
tang ie"; differing in kind, chwn b6
in the furnace till it is melted. kai ie"; is very
unstylish. cie-cie tieh poi" ii
si Ie" khu skng i ; at the very least there must
ie" 75 The arbutus. be four sorts made ready to present to him.
1071 9 ie"-bue; the Chinese straw- cie"-se° thoi" tieh cia" u kai ie"; it looks rather
berry. ie"-bue p6 ; the dried fruit of the stylish. cuang m6" cp Ie"; dress the hair
arbutus tree. ie°-bue thien phau ; ie"-bue fashionably, i td tie" ie"; he is putting on airs,
kak-tak ; malignant I'ed ulcers. mai" to cuang ie"; do not put on airs, gua min
thoi" tieh Ie"-sie" li hpli ho; the external
appear-
tT^ ie° 123 A sheep or goat. ance very fine. se° lai u kai ie"; has a style
is
*--p 1072 sna"-Ie"; goats. mi"-ie"; of its own. Ie°-Ie" kai su i to pat ; he under-
sheep. ie" kia"; fe" kp ; kids or lambs. ie" stands all sorts of business. ci Ie" su kue hu
kak ; a ram's horn. ie" ko, ie° bp ; a ram and
ie"; this sort is inferior to that, cp-ni ie" ? In
an ewe. ie" nek mutton. ie" S,u thui ; a what manner ? ie"; a rare species,
i ci koi"
;
hind-quarter of mutton. ie" coi" thui ; a fore-

pho kai 6i Ie" hd this shop has shoes of a good
;
quarter of mutton. ie" phia"; a spare-rib of

shape. to si cek ie"; they are all of one style.
mutton. chl ie"; to keep sheep. cie" ie"; to
p§"-pe° ie"; the same sort. p9.t ie"; another
watch sheep. jlo ie"; to drive sheep. ie" m
kind, p6" ie"; not the same, khu a-i ko pang
khun; a flock of sheep, cek ciah ie"; one sheep, kai bo ie"; go to aunt's and take the pattern of
cie" ie" kai nfing a shepherd. peh kau-phue, her hat. 6i ie"; take off the pattern
;
pang sang
o kau-phue si ie"-kia" phue black lamb-skin, ; of a pair of shoes, ti cek ie"? Which sort is it ?
and white lamb-skin are the pelts of lambs. ca,i se" ie" ? What sort of thing is it ?
chau-cie"-sng si bue chut si kai ie"-kia" phue ;
Astrakhan fur is the skin of unborn lambs. — ieh —

ie" 142 Blending combining
; ; ieh 120 To bind by a contract to
1147 10 >^/| ;
harmonizing. rvJ 1117 3 form a treaty or compact ;

ie"-hue tp-li to collate doctrines,
;
i thoi" khu an agreement.
m ie"-hue he has not combined the results of
;
lip hua ieh establish a treaty of peace. lip
his study, cu thak Ho ie"-hue he does not m ;
h^p ieh make a contract.
;
;
sit ieh violate a ;
digest what he reads. tie ta" lai

ie"-ciap his ; contract, ieh ua kio i cp-pu klm agreed that ;
speech was well connected in its parts. I should go with him. ieh tia°-tieh ; made a
definite agreement, i kausi cii pue ieh ; when
ie" 85 the ocean
Vqp Foreign ; ;
vast, the time arriv'ed he
broke the compact. c6 su
-{^ 1072 6 ie" jiu ; foreigners, m ju iehnot done according to contract,
; ieh
ie" hue ; foreign goods. ie" cun
foreign khi fix a time.
ie" ieh ; ie° hun ; foreign
;
; put ieh ju tang ; to agree
shipping. opium,
ie" ci"; foreign money. kue ie"; go to foreign undesignedly. i ieh
mong si Lai" lia ; he
agreed to pay me at a certain time, bp twn bo
ch&ng-ie"; the open sea. ie" min the
pai'ts. ; ieh no compact was made.
; i no
n&ng u twn
surface of the ocean. ie" p6 ; an offing. toa ieh the two have made a compact.
; i am-ce"
Bai ie"; Europe. si sai ie" nang, a si
tang ie" twn-ieh i he secretly promised him.
;
nang ? Is he a European or an Asiatic ?

ie" 140 Sprouts, shoots. ieh 94 To guess.
1&^ 942
î>fC 1081 17 hwt ki hwt ie"; sends forth J9 8 ieh iTi tieh; did not guess
branches and sprouts. i khi-thû-e
piuh ie"; rightly, ua ieh m
pat to khu I do not know ;
it has begun to send out suckers. what to guess. theng ieh ; guess at random,
cp kai mia" lai ieh guess at fates. cfa oh;
•jâE Ie" 75 Manner ; style ; pattern : sort; ieh ; this is hard to guess, a no"-kia" ieh sang
T^ 1073
cie ie" cp; make
11 shape.
it like the pattern, sin Ie"; a
a khia; children guess at odds or evens.
ieh cu tieh ; guessed it at once,
ce
khut lu ieh ;
new style. cang ex kai cp ie"; take this for a let you guess at it.
ieh 142 ieh-po-sun the cicada, the

;
ien 85
ien-khi irritated vexed.; ;
Jl/Rj 888 ~8^ scissors-grinder. ieh-po- 395 ce len-khi cu mai" i ; as soon

18
sun t(5 kie ;
the cicadas are piping. as he gets out of temper he won't take it.
khut i c5 ien-khi cQ sek tio if he gets out of
Ieh 140 Medicine ;
chemical pre- ;
1116 15 patience with it, he will throw it away. i c6

parations. ien-khi cu liah i khu cio-cp ; whenever she gets
Ieh i"; pills. ieh siia"; medicinal powders,
vexed she takes him and panishes him.
ieh buah medicine in the form of powder,
;
ieh-ko ; salve. kp-ieh ; ointment, ieh phien ;
medicine in flakes. ieh chui medicine in ; jHu ien 86 The

nest of the cliff swallow.
chips, or fragments. ieh than ieh hue ; the ^kk\ 1090 12 ien-p ; edible bird's-nest.
residuum of drugs. ieh tu a medicine case, kua" ien; kua" ien-p; the finest sort of edible
;
ieh pho ; ieh chsvi pho a drug-shop. ;

ieh llo ; bird's-nest. ien-p&i ; an inferior quality of
edible bird's-nest. cek miig-khi tun n6 cua"
drugs, ieh c6ih; an instrument for sharing up
ieh to ; a knife for cutting up drags, ien-p khu ciah ; every morning cook two edible
drugs.
ieh cui ; fluid medicines. ieh thng ; viscid bird's-nests by boiling them in a dish sur-
medicines. ieh ca ; ieh phph ; dregs of rounded with water, and eat them. tliila ua"
medicines. cek thiap ieh ; the medicine cu si ien-p ; the first dish is edible bird's-nest.
prescribed. ieh-hng ; a prescription. c8k
h6k ieh ; the medicine taken in one dose. of ien 118 A banquet.
1085 a with wine.
thiap ieh ciah Iqh khu I'o hd ; after taking this ~T~ cia ien ; feast,
course of medicine he was better. ci'a ieh si ien siah ;
a banquet.
ciah kai a si buah kai ? Is this medicine to be
taken internally or to be applied externally ? Ien 64 To relieve; to bring forward.
cfa ieh h(5 pu ciii khu s6i ; boil this medicine 1135 9 rap" i lai kia-Ien ; hope he
in water, and use it as a wash, ieh-ci", si ci"- will come and rescue. lon-in pak ko kai cu
th&u khu cu t&k-ieh kai ; poisoned arrows, are lai cb ceng-kfi bring forward a quotation from
;
those whose points have been steeped in poison, another book as proof.
pu ieh; to steep drugs quickly in boiling water,
cien ieh ; to steep drugs a long time, boiling ien To keep at a distance; to
162
slowly. tiSn ieh ; to heat medicines in a dish 1137 stand aloof from,
10
surrounded by boiling water. ngau kp-ieh ; tieh chin kun-cii, Ien sio-jin, hd chin sio-jin m
make salve, ci ieh; to prepare medicines, hua Ien kun-cu; one should affiliate with the refined,
ieh ; to concoct remedies. knp ieh to com- ; and keep away from vulgar people, not frater-
pound medicines. ngoi ieh buah ; triturate nize with the vulgar, and hold aloof from the
medicinal powdei's. ceng ieh-i"; pound up the cultured. kiii sin, lu tieh keng i, iu tieh Ien
component parts of pills, hok tak ieh; an anti- i ; as to

spirits, good and bad, one
must do
dote for poison, che" ieh, sek ieh; crude drugs homage to them, and keep aloof from them.
and prepared drugs. cheng ieh gunpowder, ;
hue ieh explosive powders.

; jip ieh put in a ;
Ien 64 To procrastinate ; to invite.
chemical preparation, sia ieh ; cathartics.
— — 1084 T khiie-khiie khu, mai" ien-
ien chi go quickly and without delay.
; m-hp
ien 184 Tainted. len-kph do not delay.
; ien-milng kiii jit put ;
/fejJJ
^C 7 nek ien ; the meat is spoiled,
618 it off for a few days, chi-chi len-Ien dilatory.
Id cp-ni khua°-khua° Ien, ien kau ta" ? Why
;
cia hu mng ien 16; this fish is just on the verge

of becoming tainted. have you kept putting it off until now ? cek
gueh ien kue cek gueh, cek ni ien kue cek ni ;
ien 86 Why how is ;
it that.
delayed it month after month, and year after
k»V 1082 y
lu ien cai lia iL-ai" ? How do
year. ien khah kii cu bp eng if you delay it ;
you know that I do not want it ? i ien leng

too long it will be of no use. ciu jit i to 6i°-
hai ua ? How can he harm me ? i ien tit cie"-
6i° ien-ien to bp khu cp he dilly-dallies all day
se° ? How can he do thus ?
;
and never does it. khut i tam-ien kau jieh

ien 162 Remote ;
distant. kii cia" hai"; he put off the payment of it for
1137 10 long-i'en ; everlastingly, io- no inconsiderable time, i si to chien-ien si-jit
ien in the far distance.
;
lo-tio io-ien ;
the kai ;
he is staving it off as long as possible,
kQu thwn ien-chia" nang-kheh invite a guest. ien su
way is interminable. ien mia"; ;
famed far and near. ka-tok ; invite a learned man to superintend it.
harmonious rythm. lu kA,i im {o hd ; your

ien 123 To desire strongly; to long
im sound ;
enunciation is tho better. sia"
^^
him-ien
802 ~6~
to covet.
for morbidly,
him-ien c5i longs for
voice. poih im melody. poih im ceng a ;
;
lia t(5 mo° l<i kai hue im

;
;
harmonium. I
ai" H boi tit tieh, thu-thu to him-
;
greatly. await your response. ji

im initial sounds,
but cannot have it, and can only
;
ien ; want it hd im sin good news,

kia im sweet sounds,
; ;
crave it.
mio b6 im sin no news for a long time, khau
;
144 To amplify im au m tng cannot pronounce it. ;

cih im,
^f^ ien ; prolix ; super-
tun im, ge im linguals, labials, and dentals.
1-lJ 1087 3 fluous. ;
a superfluity of
hu-hn ien-ien Hu im sounds produced in the larynx.
;
hu-ien prolix, ;
;
amplification.
i m tieh Qe nek, to
cng kai ta" im 170 Obscure hades ; the inferior
si hu-ien kai ue he does not get at the gist of ^^^ ;
;
1099 8 of the dual powers in Chinese
the at all, but expatiates without mak-
subject
philosophy ;
the female or the receptive in
ing the matter any clearer. nature.
— ih — thai im
time.
;
the moon.
im si
kuang im duration,
im
the abodes of the dead, hii
;
; ;
tU ih 17 To hatch out. im iang ;

the dual powers. im kang ; hades,
|T| 98 3 ah-ung pu kii oi ih chiii ; im liang cool and shady.
;
chiu im shady, ;
when a duck's egg has been long covered it will hue im flowery shades.
;
thi"-si o im the ;
hatch, i cia" ih chui ; it hatched out. weather is dull, chiin im moments, im tek; ;
goodness. inconspicuous merit, imkong;

To moisten; to dampen; to wet.
ih 85 im hun im l^ng ;
the disembodied spirit, im ;
1029 10 cang cui khu ih i jun ce take ;

iang chiu one hand palm upward and the
;
some water and moisten it. hie°-ko khieh khu other hand palm downward. im co iang ui ;
cui teng ih pho; wet the mushrooms with water to do behind one's back what would be re-
and let them swell. m soi" ih tarn ce eng cu pudiated before one's face. ko-im put se";
cih if you do not first dampen it, it will break im-hu hwt
;
vacancy produces nothing. jiet ;
when used. exhaustion produces fever. khah kiie im; too

much obscured, im kang; dried in the shade,
ITfj^ [TBT ih-uli To mutter because of dis-
im iang phue hah the correlation of the dual
"m ^W( 632
m
content.
ka° ta"; muttered, but powers. iang lai
;
im siu; reciprocity of action

Ih-ih uh-uh, ai" ta"
in the dual powers.
dared not speak out. ih-uh kie, ta" m chut ;
struggled to speak, but failed through fear of im 184 To drink ;

to quaff.
consequences. $Xî 1102 4 im ciu ;
to quaff wine, hau'
im ciu ;
bibulous.
m
si;
im 85
hue-bak pun cui im lio cim
1083 8
the shrubs were covered by the water and
chii kliut cui im kau kua
To overflow ; to inundate. AA^
1*^to
si i
itn
1103 11
140
phi-im ; it is he who is screening him.

To shelter;
shade,
to protect; to
killed by soaking. phi-im kau ceng nang ho-ho protect so com- ;
cliu-teng thoi" m ki"; the house was overflowed pletely that all will be sheltered.
hok im ;
by the water so that even the roof was invisi- secretly countenance and aid. hok im cek kai
ble, cui im kau pua" sua"; the water has ti-hng khut i gave him hidden help in getting
;
risen to half the height of the hills, khut ciii a place. im tau-gS cover up beans till they ;
im cie" ku mih much to sf khu ; being so long sprout. CO im-si to make soy, by keeping the ;
innundated, everything died. ci ko cui lo mixture long sheltered in a warm place.

chien, im bue kaa kha-th^n-u ;
the water here
is shallower and scarcely comes up to the knees. im 116 A cellar ;
dark.
P^ 1103 ~9 hvvt; the cavity in which im
^^
t=| 1100
im 180
6
pronunciation,
Sound.
khau im ;
a coffin is to be laid in a grave, ci kp tl si im-
hwt a si chien-ciah ? Is this grave one in which
tho im the local pronunciation.
;
cia° im ; the a coffin is to be buried, or is it one from
correct pronunciation. peh im ;
the pronun- which the body has been removed ? kai si ko
ciation as it is in plain text. kua" im the ;
im kai it is one dug long ago, and still un-
;
pronunciation as it is in the court dialect, im used, tang i a-kong im kai, kau ta° cia" peh
un rhyme. ; im un cheng-cho ;
clear and ni bo eng; it was dug in the days of his grand-
192 DIOTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
father, a hundred years ago, and has not been "^

im-tn ; tlie mound with its n T 1^ ' They, in the masculine
used until now. IIJ 1/ 271 4 and feminine genders,
enclosed cavity, made ready to receive a coffin, cia si in-kai a si nin-kai ? Is this theirs or
tok kfii jm-tu t5 ko has the grave made ready. in hd-kp nin pat khu me ? Have
;
yours ? you
ever been to their place ? i hiia" kliu ti-
n&ng
\l^^ im 85 Excess licentiousness lewd
; ; ;
ko ? Where have they all gone ? lu kio in ta";
i^ 1101
to drench, 8
kia° kang-ira ; commit you tell them. kie in lai tell them to come ;
kang-im ; adultery. here, in fi jieh c6i n&ng lai ? How
adultery. i kui se° im ; he is of a licentious many of
them have come ? in kai hong-s6k si cie"-se";
disposition. ira Iwn ; debauchery, pa Iwn su such are their usages, khieh khu hfii" in; take
im-iok fullness of bread and ease beget lust-
it and go and
;
ful desires. im nftng chi-nng, chi-nng n&ng give it back to them, in kiii ciah
til c6 lai cQ ngia their cupboards are prettily
im those who debauch
the wives and daugh- ;
;
have their own wives and

ters of others, will
made. m cai si lin k&i a si in k&i ;
do not
know whether it is ours or theirs. ndn k&i
daughters debauched. kim im hi ; forbid
t6&, in k&i sî ours is large and theirs is small.
lewd plays. im hfl a lewd woman. sie tio ;
;
im cu burn up obscene books.

;
im h6 a ;
in 88 A bride ; affinity on the
drenching rain. hkn° sek put im be not ;
1098 6 female side,
inordinately enamoured of what is beautiful. iu-wii the fat« which links lovers together,
— —
;
in in-chin ; a wife's relatives. in tl, in hia"; a

wife's brothers. kak in-wn, mai" him-Ien
in 8G Smoke ; steam mist ; exha-
n&ng ; matches are made in heaven, so do not
;
1082 6 lations soot,

;
covet one who belongs to another.
ciii-in ;
steam. liiie-in ;
smoke. o-in ; lamp-
black, in-tfing; a chimney. in-hue; sie
in 104 A habit, especially the opium
pkng nftng in b&k-
in-hiie ; lot off fireworks.
1103 17 habit ; a craving,
bfi,k thickly settled, khu kû bo n&ng in k&i hun
;
a-phien in ;i k&i hun
the opium habit.
tl-hng ; go to an uninhabited spot. hie"-iu ;
cle" iu lio; hisopium has become a fixed habit,
perfume from yâetilles. khiu kai hio*-in khut i k&i in ce l&i pin sin kang-kh6 when hi8 ;
i ciah beg some of the odor of his inceuse
;
craving comes on, his whole body is in distress,
sticks for her to imbibe. mua" sua" in-bu; it
tieh G cek kua kii cia" kue in after a half day ;
is ceng-ceng mdng-iu it is
very misty. ; very the craving is past, i k&i in io toa, i kai in io
foggy. soi ; his craving is greater, his is less. lu cek

kai in ciah jieh coi hun ? How much opium
m
on account
in
1098
of.
81
8
A cause
in-ui ; because of.
ua in chu cia° lai
;
a reason.
;
wa-in
for this
;
does it take each time to satisfy you ?
jit kui kai in ; there are several periods of
c§k
cause I came, ua lai b6 pat in I had no other ;

craving in one day. i kai in io
tfing, lu k&i
reason for coming, chi'a lu lai, m si u p&t in ;
io khin his opium habit is more confirmed
;
had no reason besides for inviting you. cie"- than is yours. in-th&u toa cai the longing is ;
ee" si fi in ; there is a reason for this. iIi si b6 very great. te in the habit of tea-drinking.
;
in kai ; it is not without cause, in chu cai pi

conclude this because of that, in si ci ngi do
;
HI *°
^ To
lead on ; to bring forward ;
the right thing at the right time. in ho su
;
V I 1102 1
quote ; preface, to
iu-chua i lai ; conduct him here. in-toa to
kii ? Wherein lies the reasons for it ? in-ui i ;
guide or conduct. in cui kai n&ng a drawer

a pe kue khu cu khu
poi"; on account of
i hwn ;
of water. chia" i cp cek kp sio-in ; invite him

the death of his father he went to foreign parts,
to make a preface to it. in hiie kai raueh-kia";
lu th6i° i si sim-mih lai-in ? What do you
think led to it ? i si u s(5 in ki\i ;
there are things used in striking a light. in i lai ki"
reasons for it. in-ui tieh kai b<5 i cia" lai ;

he
via bring him to see me.
;
cie" kia" in-ki"; to
came on his wife's account. m cai si in-ui

introduce to the Imperial presence. khiu
tieh mih su ;
do not know what occasioned it. nang ci-in ; beg some one to point it out. in
cu lai cp ceng ; quote in proof of. in ci kii ue
130
cosmetic like rouge.
in A lai ceng-ku hu ku iie quote this passage in ;
1082 6
in-ci"; in-ni rouge. buah ; support of that passage. tieh u nang lai cp
hiin, tfam in-ci"; to powder and paint the face, in-sua°; some one must furnish a clue, khang-
buah tiam-kia" in-ni khut i se-su ang ; rub on in;
induce. ieh in ; the active principle in
a little rouge to redden it slightly. a preparation. in-tong kau t6a-b(5-miieh
narg disturbed a great many people.

;
in- th&i ? How many plays has he learned to
long i kai sim brought on a disturbance ;
of perform ? in-sip bd goi drill as a soldier,
;
mind. in-fu i khu cp m-li(5kaisu; deluded in ngi ;

exercise justice.
him into evil doing. mai" in-iu i kliu thit-
in 40 The third of the twelve
tho do not induce him to go off for amuse-
;
ment, in lo conduct on the way. lo-in ; a 1100 8 branches, symbolized by a

;
tiger, and connected with wood,

guide-post.
in-si from 3 to 5 o'clock A.M.
; thi°-kng in,
life in 61 To answer ;
to respond. jit-chut bau from dawn to sunrise.
; tang-in
/}^ 1106 l3 ua mng In, lu co-ni m in-tap ? kai nang a colleague, tang-in ci mue ; female
;
"Why do you not answer when I speak to you ? friends, tang-in kai kua"; a fellow officer, in
ua mng i, i in-tap m lai I asked him but he ; pin kwn ; a reception room, in ni, in gueh, in
could not answer. me" lio, i m ka" in he ; jit the third year, month, or day in the cycle
;
dare not answer back when he is berated, cek of twelve.

kie cek in a call and response. ; ti-kp i to in
u lai he can answer wherever you question yfe>\ in 167 Lead.
;
him. i cle" jit i"-keng in-seng ua"; he promis- i^B 113Gin kuai"; lead ore.
6 in (lo ;
ed it to me, some days ago. u nang kie-in ; pigs of lead, in kwn; lead canisters, in hiin ;
some one stands as security. ci pit sio si via white lead. in ci; leaden bullets. in sia a ;
kio kie-in kai

i ;
in this bill I will stand as lead comb. swn in teng ; put in a plug of
lead. in thui ; leaden weiglats. in pit lead
security for him. ;
pencils. in poi"; lead type. cii in ; to cast

I^rt in 26 A seal ;
to seal ;
to print ;
to lead. in cu loh bo pour the lead into the
;
nJ 1103 T ^
imprint. mold, mai" cham in do not mix in lead with
;
gSk in, ngun in, ciii-cia" in, cha in, kak in, it. ci kai ngun kvrn in kai ; this silver is
tang-cieh in; seals made of jade, silver, crystal, adulterated with lead.
wood, horn, and pebble. in cu to print ;
books. kuah in pho a shop where seals are ; ^^p. in 36 To be leagued with ;
a money
cut. khek in ; engrave a seal. tio in carve ;
JlL 1101 11 girdle.
a seal, khap in to impress with a seal, eng in-wn ;
to give bribes to have secret relation- ;
;
in ; used stamps, kua" in; official seal, huang ships with officials ; to intrigue for office. in-
in, khui in ; to shut and open the seals, as at

wn khu nang min khuah cSi ; has secret rela-
the end and beginning of the year. rang in ; tionships with a very extensive constituency.
the door and the seal keepers in a yamun. in i to si to ci gua in-wn ;
he is always out here
mia"-ke in-wn cSi ; skilled in po-
sek sealing wax, or ink.
; in-tng ; the frontal intriguing.
sinus, khua sue-in act as generalissimo, in ;
litical intrigue. ti-kp i to in-'vvn tit kau ; ho
can bribe to any extent.
sin ; stamp a letter.
in 120 To wind around to go about; •w/li in 85 To follow a course ; to perpo-

292 12 to environ to make a circuit ;
;
iP 1085 5 tuate.
in thii ciu-kui"; go through the districts in
of to compass.
;
in cek khuang lo made a ;
circuit. in cek ui mi°-mi°; encompass closely, order. in 16 hu-sang to go along as escort, ;
ci tio sua" hd in-bua ; wind up this thread.

cikp hong-sok siang-in si cie"-se"; the customs
BOh in cek kho cek kho, in khi ; coil up the handed down here are thus. ci kia" su siang-
li-kwn li-kwn in in kiii peh ni to si cie°-se° cp this sort of

rope in coils. in, ; winding ;
round and round. in loh coi wound on business has been done in this way for several
hph ;
a great quantity. in cp kai kiu ; wind it up hundred years in succession. in hai cek toa
into a ball. in kai kiu khut a-no°- kia" hiie kai ti-hng all along the coast.
;
siang-iu ch6-
thit-tho ; wind a ball for the children to play go ; error crept in, in the perpetuation.
with. in cua-ie sph ; wind up the tail of the
In 22 To bind the
kite, cek nang than cek nang in; one person edges of such
822 5 things as seives and baskets,
•winds, and the other unwinds, lia in lio khut
ci ki" chue tio pp lai in cia" boi hai
i than tio after I had wound
; it, he went and get a strip ;
of cloth and bind the brim, then it will not

•unwound it.
spoil, kue si" in tio o p6 loh khu bind the ;
V^^ 85
practice a calling.
in To edge of the palm-leaf fan with black cloth. la
1|.^ 1087 in sip ; learn by practice,
11 in ii cek
khuang; have put a binding around
bu ; practice military exercises, in hi jieh coi the ed|ê.
194 DICTIONARY OP THB 8WAT0W DIALECT. )
in 44 A Btorey
a tier a strata. ; ; >r^ io 62 The ace in dice ; minute ;
952 12 kai thah kau in ; this pagoda

ci J^ 1075 atomic.
has seven storeys, cha thiap co cek in cek in ; io ji sa" 81 ngS lak the spots upon ; dice, puah
lay the bundles of wood up in tiers. be-th&u tieh lak kai io threw six aces.
; io-md";
kai cieh kih c6k in cek in the stones of the ; microscopic ; very minute.
pier are laid in tiers. kheng th&h cek in c§k
in ; the baskets are piled up in tiers. thiap io To cry out to shout.
80
H^
;
16h u kui in ? How many tiers have you put 1075 8 io-toah ; bawl out. io tii^ ;
in place ? lu sio th6i° cek in u jieh coi kfti ; call the court to order. c6 loh khu ce io fnc/,
count and see how many there are in one tier. i cQ kia" kau td
tong ; when they sat down and
called the court to order, he was so frightened
in 367 Silver. that he trembled.
>Pg io-io toah-toah ; yelling
)j^!\ 1101 6 in ci"; money, bullion, specie, and shouting.
silver. ci kai lia b6i ngQ-cup kili in-ci"; I
bought this for fifty silver pieces. ci kfii 6iig io 184 Hungry famished. ;
kui kai
of
in-ci" cia° b6i tit tieh ? What amount
will be required in order to
ft 334 2 i kai t6 io ; he is half- famished,
money purchase io-go kiii ; a hungry imp. t<5 io, cQ kui ciah ;
this? when the stomach is empty, eating is easy.
, In 72 A halo around the sun io 146 To make an agreement ;

to be
J^"-* 1145 9 or moon, or vapors con- 1077 8 to
bound; restrict; to seek
densing around them, gueh in; a halo around for; to expostulate with ; to examine into,
the moon. thoi" tieh kai In see the halo, ; ku io put buang; do not disregard the old
c^k kai In a ring of vapor around the sun or i sl Q io-khia kai sim
; he has an
;
agreement.
moon. thau hui-hui-cng, chin-chie t<5 In;
inquiring mind. io-kun to force a course by ;
my head swims as if I were dazed. jit lu ; a threats of consequences to take a stand from ;
haze around the sun. which there can be no further demur.
To soar ; to hover over.

In
7926
124
ci no ciah t(5 in kai, kai sl tl-
tiang kai hiin-cio ; whose are the two doves
that are circling in the air ? tQ pua°-thi° td In ;
M 610 4
io 163 An
plying dissent,
cek ie" cu ke" io u n6 ie" bl one mess of pot-
interrogative particle, im-
tage cannot have two different flavours. io ii

soaring in mid-heaven. pue to liAn-twn kp koh ie° ? How can there be any different sort ?
In ; fly upward and soar among the clouds. In
io u ci kai tp-li ? How can that be right ? io
kau khuah-khuah ; soar far and wide.
hd cio'-se"; m hd why should you do that it
—
; ;
10 will not do. io hd kwn-thJli i cie°-se° Why !
should you treat him like that
m
!
io 88 A fairy, fay, or hobgoblin.

1074 an
fairy.
khi; an apparition,
saw throngs of bogies,

4
io-cia" kui-kuai
io-kuai ;
fays and imps.

;
elf.
io-
thoi" tieh io-khi seng c&i;
io-ngan ghost-stories, ;
io-cia"; a
m io
746
ta" io toa lio
115
7
;
is
Rather slightly ; for the most
part somewhat more,
;
now somewhat larger.

;
io
i kai io kui"; rather taller. chue kai io soi kai keng

io-rgiak prodigies.
; huap toa his ;
hd ; to seek out a smaller one would be better,
spells are forceful. chia" i lai siu io ; ask him
to come and control the elves. tu io-kuai; ca m pat, hin-kim io pat ; formerly he did not
remove the elfins. khu-tok io-sia; drive out understand, but now he
partially understands,
the imps, cie io kia"; a mirror in which fairies hu tiang-si e-e ai" phah i, ta" io sieh i ; she
then frequently beat him, but now she is kin-
may be seen. io-jio ; to ogle ; to try to be
der to him.
fascinatiusr.
m io 162 To ask to engage to do.

1075 13 io ua khu thit-tho ; he asked
me to go out for recreation with him. io lii
;
se~ lai io-thio cS,i

io-thio
1077
;
she
Quiet;
quil.
is
retiring;
naturally very refined,

tran-
thoi" tieh io-io thio-thio cu hua"-hi; when

co-pu lai khii ; ask you to go along with them. i
ai° io i tang khu am? Ai-e you going to ask he saw that she had a refined appearance, he
liim to go too ? rejoiced.
To die young. 78 •nzK. io 38 Graceful supple pliant.

¥i 1077
; ;
thoi"
107' cliut i hie° fo slu ; one
4 m ?S|^ 994 8 io-io; lithe. kui" kau io-io ;
would not have tall and graceful.

thought that he was to be so s;ing-tio sang-tio, io-io ;
short lived. i a-pe tiang-si fo slu, cia" ciah slender and very graceful.
sa°-caphiie; his father was short lived and
lived but about thirty years. io 72 Luster ; bright ; to shine.
1078 14 cie io
dazzling, hok io ; the
;
. rM > 10 151 An interrogative particle, ira- happy star's brightness. chit io the sun, ;
^VA. 346 ~3^ plying a strong negative; how moon, and five planets, cap-it io; the heavenly
can it be ? lia I'o ui i ? lia I'o iii kau i ? Why bodies, ak io suah io ; a baleful luster.
;
should I be afraid of him ? io ti- kan i can

124
khu m cia"? How can he abscond ? lu fo kie° io Refulgence; glory.
kue i, ha"? Yon are superior to him, are you ? 1078 14 iong-io ; glory. kuang c6, Xo
cong illustrious ancestry and glorious clau.
'^
^* y io 117 At last, finally, only, nothing — 10
•
—
^^C< 406 6 but, then.
i 10 he knows nothing at all about it.
ill cai ;
10° 64 To raise a little; to lift slightly.
i he understands it better than
io pi hi jii hio; 196 8 liara ; to turn aside the
io"
kia"-ui i mp, khii kau io curtain, as in entering a door. io" phue to

you do after all. draw the coverlet over one.
;
sim si ho feared he was bad, but on arriving io" khui kai-au

;
found he was after all vei-y excellent. kiia; raise the cover of the covered cup. khut
huang io" tio kliu ; it was whisked off by tho
10 146 Important; necessary; urgent. wind. io" khui leng-.siig cu si kiie raise the ;
1077 3 u chiet-io a bo chiet-io ? Is steamer and you find the cake. io" m khi;
it important or unimportant. siang chiet-io ;
cannot raise it. io" khui theng tip up the ;
of the utmost importance. io chiet-io more ;

window-sash. jvvn io", io" ra tieh ; however
important. bo sim-mih chiet-io of no great ;
much I try to raise it, it does not come up.
importance, toa chiet-io of great importance.
m io-kin not pressing.; siang-teng io-kin cu
;
— ioh —
Bi ci kia" su what is most necessary of all is
; ioh 85 To ripple ; to shimmer.
this. u io su has urgent business. io sin
; ;
707 5 ciii miu ioh-ioh-sih there is ;
an important letter. io Io, \o ti important ; a ripple on the surface. hai miu kiia ioh-ioh-
roads and places, hiam-io kai ti-hng kie-co io sih to boi, ne pe"-pe"; there is not a ripple on
khau very important defiles are called passes,
; the sea, it is perfectly smooth.
io huam
a criminal whose arrest is important.
;
\o mia° kai chak; a well known and doughty , ioh 86 To flicker, like an ignis-fatuus.
robber. v4* 541 13 chin-chie" kiii-hiie hie"-se°,
ioh-ioh-sih ; flickers like a will-o-the-wisp.
io 149 A made up tale ;
rumour ; ioh-ioh-sih ceng-ceng kiii-hue ; it flickers and
1076 10 report. flashes all over with the light of will-o-the-
61 cin-sitkai a si io-ngan kai ? Is it true or is
wisps.
it only a rumour ? lu mai° tMa" koi-chi kai
io-ngan ; do not listen to floating rumours.
— iok —
SI hong-io kai ue it is only a rumor, ai" liah
; iok 76 Appetite ; concupiscence.
c6 io-ngan kai nang ; will seize the one who 1139 7 su iok selfish ends.
>|ji> ;
cheng
made up this report. thong lo a childish ; iok passions.
; iok-hue seng ; lust is roused.
tale, pii-sua" io-ngan ; spread idle tales. iok sim ; a lacivious mind. kiia" iok ; weak
desires, i ci kai pe", si sek iok thai kue ti kai;
"P^^ io To agitate; to disturb; to stir.

64 this disease arises from unrestrained passions,
j'pj 1075 10 io-tong ; agitate. nang sim pii-kiii to im-iok ; the rich are very lustful,
io-tong people's hearts are stirred, hu kai ti-
; cph iok ; to control passion. mueh iok ;
hng io-tong that country is disturbed.
;
ho m objects of desire.
io-tong kun sim do not agitate the minds of ;
the soldiery. io-io pai-pai iok To rear to nurture ; to

130
ed, cio io cuang pliien pass one's

swaggering,
thau kia" thau io-pai swaggei'ing as he walk- ;
;
;
self off by
^ 1140 4
bring up
iok-eng-tng; a foundling hospital, lang-iok ;
swaggering and bragging. to nurture, se" Iok ; bear and rear
196 DICTIONABT OP THB SWATOW DULECT.
— long — 53 Common ; usual ; ordinary.

iong
104 An ulcer a carbuncle. 8 tong-iong k&i cu si lun tong-
1147
J^^ iong
cu
;
carbuncles and cia" pheng-sie° kai tp-li; ordinary books discuss

/a)p^ 1145 18 iong ;
cancers, se" piie iong ; has a carbuncle on his ordinary doctrines. long-iong 16k-16k kHi
back. se° thue pd se" long ; have a boil to naiig ; commonplace people. ông ui suah
save having a carbuncle. n&ng ;
kill
people by quackery. iong-long, bd
khi; it is no rarity.
^J^ fong 85 Everlasting; perpetual.

T ^^ 86 To scheme to cast about ;
Xj^
boi
tk"
p'l";
ue
1149
it will never change.
iong-ien
fong-s\ m kio
I will never speak to him again.
;
forever, fong-kii
i S iong
1107 18 to get a living,
keng-iong to calculate the ways and means.
;
;
;
i roia"-ke keng-iong seng-li; he is a shrewd
157 To exult; to leap for joy. business man. kak nftng kak n&ng khu keng-
3XM 1148 7 foug-iak; fong-fong iak-iak; iong each one went to reckon the means for
;
leap for joy. long-iak khu co ; do it with

himself, keng-iong ke koi ; to regulate family
joyous eagerness.
affairs. keng-iong ci'-ngiin ; to calculate how
to get money for the purpose. cang ci le"
19 Brave. seng-li iong se"; gets a living by this sort of
long b6 su h<5 iong se"; no way of getting
business.
1148 7
fong-me"; intrepid. fongsQ;
a living, ii" c6-nl iong-ui ? What can we do r
a brave, fong-ckng; lusty, su long ho; confer
a military title, fong-ka"; daring, hun-fong;
valiant. hû^-ifong ; fond of showing off long 75 Glory ; splendor.
prowess. hueh-khi cu iong ; the fearlessness 114§ 10 iong-Io refulgence. long- ;
of youth. phah kl fong ;

exhibit feats of kuang; glory. iong-hua pu-kui illustrious, ;
strength, iong c&i ; he is

i si very brave, t&i rich and honored. b6 kwu iong jok regard- ;
iong jiak khiap; resolute determination appears less of glory or shame.

like fear. ti long sang chwii possesses both ;
•wisdom and courage. cf kai put kue si phit

îyV long 40 Countenance ; manner ;
hu cu iong ; this is only the courage of a com- 1146 air to allow, to tolerate,
mon man. "l-^ 7 ;
iong-lak surpasses kuenang; iong-m&u"; appearance. i cie"-6i

pe" kau sit
others in prowess. rao° iong cu si cie iong-
iong he is much changed by his late illness,
;
ckng: u nfi.ng kie-co kb iong; to recruit soldiers, thdi" tieh fl no iong ; he appears surly. i cie"-
is to call together the valiant and strong: some
si co-ni u iu iong ? Why does he lately appear
people call it hiring braves. sorrowful ? iong via ta" ku ue ; allow me to
speak a word. cfle-ak lang long ; his wicked-
long 82 To
stop up ; to obstruct ; to m
ness is inexcusable, iong i cie"-se"; will not
1148 13
up. dam tolerate that iu him. i th6i° tieh fi chie iong ;
ciii 16 iong-sak khu the water-course is ob-
;
he smiled at it. ch6ng-iong kiii jit cB ; put up
structed. mai° iong-sak tieh l6 ; do not with it for a few days. ch6ng-ch6ng iong-iong
obstruct the road. nang-miieh \ong-sak kau khua"-khua" co ; act in a forbeanng and gentle
m hd kia", jiet cJii ; people obstruct the way so manner. hue iong, giieh mSu"; graceful and
that one cannot go on and there is much bustle, affable. b6 hie" iong-koi k&i su not so easy a ;
kau-lo iong-sak, tIeh cai pe thong ; the sewer matter. iong-iong koi-koi, b6i oh ; facile, not
is stopped up, and it must be raked out. bo ko hd iong sin ; no place big
difficult.
enough to hold me. chien ciii iong m tit toa

iong 64 To shoulder one's way; to hu shallow waters cannot accommodate big fish.
;
1149 13 crowd and push,
nang-mueh iong-ci"; the crowd presses. bua"
108 Filled
iong up ; replenished.
nang cek iong cie" coi"; all press forward simul- 1106 4kai cue-ak kwu long; the
i
taneously, coi"^ u, Su iong; those going before
sum of his iniquities is full, iong-mua"; full.
halloo, and those behind crowd up.
long 154 Overplus ; superfluity. iong ^ To serve for hire ;

isl
1107 13 cia si iong-u kai miieh ; this 1148 11
iong-kang hirelings, ;
is overplus. u iong-u ci° via cii ki° bdi ; if I ioug-kang kai nang he is an hireling, ; long
have money left I will buy it. kang t5 jit live by the day's work.
;
101 What is used in contingent

lu it it tk" lia cai ; you tell me about them,
IT| iong item by item. co mih su kî sim ai" own it ;
/ IJ 1149 expenses, in all transactions, singleness of mind is desira-
long ci"; commission, or contingent expenses,
ei" tla"-(ia"; earned only the com-
ble, it ngo, it cap; honest, complete, accurate,
thang iong to hu ko si sio it sio ji kai n^ng he is one of
mission, peng iong) jieh coi ci" ? How much i ;
the head men there.

is the amount, including commission ? kiia
a commission of two dollars on the
poili long }
/^> It 9 A band of eight mummers
hundred, he is enjoying his
i si to siu iong; who perform set figures at
1/^ 1097 6
i bo thang ho siu iong he has
possessions. ;
sacrifices, during the worship of ancestors, bii
no chance to enjoy what he has. si kau-poih
poih It to perform as mummers.
;
bii-It seng ;
iong a si kau-ngo iong ? Is it two or

five per
a mummer.
cent that is taken out of the sum total, as an
allowance to the agent ? boi ci'a hue si u lai It 162 Ease luxury.
giia iong in selling these goods there is a
;
m. __ 1097 vicious indulgence,
8 Ira
;
It;
commission paid both to those they are bought ci kai nS,Dg khah It ; this person is too self-
from and to those who retail them. boi la
indulgent, ngan sin ce°, khah it ; the m
tieh iong, boi ia tieh iong in buying there is ;
expression of his eyes is unquiet, and too
a percentage paid on the value, and in selling lacivious.
there is a percentage made on the value.
To wave; to signal with
200
— ip — it
the hand,
261 4
163 A a walled town. toa ki ce it, nang cii tue i kia°; when the largo
ip city ;
1096 IT kun ip ; cities. flag waves, the people follow on after it. chiu
sia"-ip ;
kau ce It, i cu lai; if you wave your hand he will

walled towns, ip the nine district cities, ;
siu ip the chief district city in a prefecture. come. it i kliu ;

motion to him to go. cang
;
chiu ce it ;
waved his arm.
ip-cip
1097
Dank.
close and
— lU —
ip-ip cip-cip;
damp. khah ip-cip, khia-khi lio cu se° pe"; it Ju^L iu 9 To excel ; extra easy
is
ill
too close and
in living there.
damp and one would become 1^
ku iu
1110
heng ;
16 about;
recommend on account
fully,
of ex-
cellence of character. easy and iu-Iu cu-cai ;
Q. ip 64 To bow with the hands joined. unconcerned. iu kbng-seng head graduate, ;
i^
1097 9 to bow in the
ip-ca; cak-ip ;
chiang iu cau cut kai a,u-i bo hong ; the de-
Chinese style. ki° tieh, chim-chim chiu cu scendants of prostitutes, of mountebanks and of
kio i when you see him, lower your
ip-cS ; menials in the yamun, cannot rise to eminence,
clasped hands and bow to him. i lai kau eng iu loi
siang thai when he arrives ;
— — it
treat him with moi'e than common courtesy,
hun-piet iu luat distinguish between fitness ;
it 61 it-titto recollect ; to reflect

;
and unfitness.hak heng kiam iu in both ;
>^> 1093 13
1»^^ upon, hi it-tit me ? Do you learning and deportment he stands well.
remember it ? m it-tit khu have forgotten it. ;
lia it-tit hu tiang-si I remember that time. ;

iu 61 Grieved; sorrowful; to mourn.
1109 11 iu-bun ; sad. iu-cho sorrow-
lu it-lit pang sim lai ; lay it up in your mind ;
and remember it. i no nang sie it tieh ;

the ful, kau cim bo iu you can go to sleep ;
two remember each other. without anxiety. i si

teng pe-iu tng-khu he ;
has gone back on account of being in mourn-

it 6 The second of the ten stems. ing for his father. teng iu to cia ; mourning
1096 thai it ;
the primordial cause. in retirement, i
pai miig-khi me°-am teng iu;
they mourn every morning and evening.
. it 1 One ;
the same an item. ;
1095 toi" it ;
the first. cap-it ;
"-fc^
iw. 29 A male friend an associate.
A^
;
eleven. jih-it twenty-one. sap-it thirty-

; ;
1113 2 pheng-iu male friends. h(5 ;
one, it ho the best quality.;

it teng ; first pheng-iu ho iu good friends.
; ku iu ; old
;
class articles, it ho kai; the best soi*t. it teng friend, kau iu companions. iah lu helpful
; ;
ho kai the very best kind.

;
it ji cap from ;
friends sim si iu-ai is very fraternal. cia ;
ten to twenty of them. it cap ; a single ten. nek pheng-iu ; boon companions. cu si tang
198 DICTIONAET OF THE SWATOW DIALECT*
theng ph^ng-in ; fellow Btndents, studying by V^tfl

^'^ ^^ *^'' ^° paint oily.
^^ ?5 5 » ;
the same window. i kî

pheng-fa chSng h6 ;
iPJ 1111
tau-iu peanut oil.
5 tfi-iu;teft
;
his disposition is very friendly. ciu jit to si ta-ma iu tar.

oil. th&ng-Iu paint oil. ; ;
sa" phSng fi\ I'u mua"-<i-ko khu ; all day they phang kiie 16ng-hie" iu more fragrant than oil ;
go about together in close conipanionship. of bergamot. bun-kui iu attar of roses, gu- ;
kau phfcng chii ia ;

chums. ni iu ; butter. mua"-iu ; oil made from hemp
seed. phang !n ; fragrant
oils. p<?-hp iu ;
® 1114
iu. 164 The tenth
of the twelve bran-
che.s, represented by the cock,
iu-si ; from 5 to 7 o'clock p.m. c1c° teng ia
tui ia. n! cu pwt kong ; in
;
peppermint oil.
cestershire,
si iu
sia iu
soy, a sauce like Wor-
castor oil. khah siap,
buab iu, buah i kut c6 ; if there is friction, rub
on some oil, and make
;
;
it smoother. koih tio

early candle-light.
the tenth year of the cycle of twelve, he be-
iu press out the oil.
; ju tieh iu ; daubed it
came a graduate. with grease. mak tieh iu ; got a grease-spot
on it. m
h<5 tih tieh iu ; do not let the oil
drop on it. iu sim ; a lamp wick, iu cua"; an

^ in 149 To allure; to entice. oil a hue have you put in the
chii Iu h(5
cup.
P^ 1114
;
fu-hok klm c6 ak;

7 i entice kerosine oil. ngun-cu Iu; red
hue
oil yet ? in;
him into wickedness. mai" fu-hok nftng ;
do ai° iu pch a ai"
paint, th&ng-iu-hue ; putty.
not tempt people to do wrong. khut i fn-fu iu lilm? Do you want it painted white or blue ?
khu led astray by him.
;
lu co-nl iu-phien i ? khu hkm iu-chak kai sai-pe lai ; go and call a
Why did you delude him ? chfu lu-iu n6, tieh 6ng t6-cf-kho cia°
painter,
86i tit khu ; my hands are very greasy, I must
fii 74 To have to be ; it is so. use tea seed cake and then I can wash them
yf-t ;
T-3 1113 2 fu-han I'u bin a limited ; ;

clean, mla se' lu ; his face is oily, lu mai" t<5
amount. chun lu-liin have but little left. ;
iu ciii; you need not be palavering around me.
6a thoi" li iu-hSn I consider that the amount
;
lu khu ki° kna", i ft-sl ham 16 lu 85 To idle about; to enjoy one's

is very small. " 1112 9 self idly,
kai mla° lu cQ in ta° iu"; when you go before
a magistrate, if your name ia called you reply iu iu khuai-lak ;
blissful ease. m-h6 ta-chfa
" Here". hau" 6i"; do not idle around.
In A wen ; a swelling.
104
l+l iu
1111 ~1~
102 Through by
or cause
; ;
to permit.
a way, means, Pi_
this is
1110 4 ci khi lu si liu, si kie-c6 la;
not a tumor, it is called a wen.
i i ;
Wn-Iu; the means by which it came about, iu 162 To roam ;

to ramble ;
to
miig i kai wn-iu inquire into the occasion for
;
, 1112 ~9~ saunter.
its lii cai i kai hii iu me ? Do you
so.
being iu-leh kak se°; wandered through every pro-
know how came about ? iu lai si cie°-se°;
it
vince, to ramble, iu ceng; itinerant
that was the way it came to pass. mih su ka- lu-ngwn;
priests. iSu-ia chut iu ; the gods go out for
kl tit cu iu he can manage everything for
;
an airing. chut gua iu oh ; travel for infor-
himself, iu ci-kp jip kliii enter through here,
;
mation, kio pheng-iu kau-Iu ; saunter about
iu khu CO, mai" kliii kvvn i let him go and
i ;
with friends. kau-iu mua°-thi"-e, sie cai bo
do it, and do not exercise any control over cek nang; friendly with all, and acquainted
him. iu lu as you please. bvvn su iu thi°,
with none. seng co iu-khek, nang ceng-c6
;
i
put iu n&ng all things are as heaven pleases,

;
iu-hii when he becomes a traveller on the
lu iu ti-kp hu ? Where
;
not as man pleases.
circuit, he is called a lieutenant-colonel.
did you come from ? to si iu lia
ken^
chi'u ;
all goes through ray hands. iu ti-ko khu ? A park or paddock for rear-
i 31
iu
Which way did he go ? i iu cf tio lo kbu, a iu , , 1115 ^ ing animals ; a walled gar-
hu tio lo khu ? Did he go by this road or by den; to inclose; to pen up; to restrain ; limited,
that one ? iu lia ka-kl ;
of myself, iu ti-tiang iu i hong-sok ; hampered by custom. sni si
tit tieh ? Through whom did he obtaiu it ?
kun-c6 kai nang ia tp-to iu i hong-sok al- ;
though he is a man of culture, yet he is bound

XS^ iu 94 Doubtful ;
rather ; somewhat. down by vulgar usages, sip-sok in nang, hSen
^ti 1112 iu ho, i si hie"-se°; this
"9 cie''-se" cia put mien ; custom restrains people, and the
is tolerably good, but his is not thus made. learned are not free from its bonds. wn-iu ;
Su-u put kwt; undecided in all he does. parks. hng-Iu ; gardens.
The right hand.

80 does not suit him, and that does not suit him,
ia
-f^ co-loh ill poi"; sit on the
and I don't know what does suit him. ia
^l| 1116 2
ai" be bo phau, iu ai° be m ciah chau ; he wants
right hand side, to iu chiu poi"; on the right,
Ia p6i°; a horse that can run very fast, and at the same
iu-si-iing; the junior vice-president.
hun-hu c(5 lu kfii n^ng ordered time eats no hay.
on tiie right, ;
his supporters. rn li co lu ; never leaves his

side, iu ia"; in poi" kai ia"; his right hand
iu" 120 Fine; delicate.
supporter. c6 iu lin ; neighbours on the right
and left. /|>|1| 790 5 iu" tiu
p6 ; fine grass-cloth.
hi" cho kai a cii" iu" kai ? Do you want the
coarse or the fine ? i kai mo" iu"-ia"; its fur
iuBribes; advantages afforded.
154
ci khi khah iu"; this sort is too
fit 263 nmg i u siu iu a bo
"e" cieh ;
is very fine.
CO kau iu°-s6i cSi ; made very carefully,
politely enquire of him whether he has received
fine.
a douceur or not. i ce siu i kai iu cu ta" i kai i kai nek iu"-ji iu°-jl ; its flesh is very delicate,
tie ;
he receives his present, he speaks in his
if min phue ce poh, thoi" tieh cu io iu"-ji ; when
favour, eng ci"-ngun kbu iu-lu i took money ;
the skin is thin the complexion appears more
and wênt and bribed him. cok thoh iu-lu get a ;
delicate.
thing thi'ough by means of bribes, i si cheng-

liam kai kua", bo siu nang kai iu; he is a clean iu" 52 Young immature ; ;
of tender
handed magistrate and does not accept bribes. '^hak 1116
iu"
2 age.
ham ke iSu iu" long-
; young
pupils.
40 Be lenient towards excuse long lai the whole family, old and young, all
*/^ iu ; ;
;
/^ 1115 6 forbear with, came, ciang iu"; the eldest and the youngest,
iu" thong a young lad. iu" nng a young
khwn-iu i excuse him. ;
khwn-iu i kai cue ;
; ;
iu" ni in childhood. iu" soi ; small'

be indulgent toward his offense. khiu i sia- girl. ;
and young. iu" cii a young monarch, hwn-

iu ; beg him to remit punishment.
;
li'o io iu"-ni he is still rather immature.

;
ia°-
A-rT in 9 To aid ;
to help; to protect. ci"; not fully grown.
fh* 1115 5 po-iu ; pi-iu ; to protect, sin- — jeng —

m^ng pi-iu ;
the gods protect us.
Jtltt i^^S^m\ as ever ; as before.
? ;
m
pumelo.
1116 6
ang
The puraelo the shaddock.
iu
iu nek
iu, peh Iu
75
the pulp of the
red pumeloes and
;
;
; \/J 291 jeng ku khia-khi to hu ko
lives where he used to.
the same as it was before.
2
jeng-kii si cie"-se";
si ai" leng-ua" a si
ai" jeng-ku ? Do you want another sort or the
;
white pumeloes. ciah no phien Iu ate two ;
sections of a pumelo. Iu phue lang a basket ;

same as that you had before ?
made from the rind of a pumelo.
_5^ jgng 30 Another ;
besides ; apart ; by
^>1 Iu 29 Moreover; furthermore; and Z7J 546 2 itself.
y<^ 1114 then while. ; jeng jit cia" lai came another day.; jeng u ke
no°-kia° phah phong-phie, iu hau", iu iii ;
when cek nang; there is another person besides,
children fire off fire-crackers, they like to do put leng bo jeng ta"; cannot repeat it. j^ng
it and still are afraid to dome" lio iu it, poi" cek hu loi-mueh khu sang hu-kai ; prepare
phah, phah iu-me"; he alternately beats and
lio a separate set of presents and go and present
scolds her. Iu kue lio cek jit lio another day ;
them to him.
has gone by. tit lio iu sit ; gained and then — — ji
lost it. mng kue iu mfig inquired again and ;
again. cia lu lai lio There it is again ! iu !

ji
10 A child ;
an infant.
ai" chut
nang; wants to go out again, iu chin, IE 720 bo kia" bo ji she is childless,
6 i ;
Iu loh ho, lu thau huang ; it is at once cold, lam-ji a son.

; nng-ji a daughter. sio-ji a; ;
rainy, and windy. iu ai" ciah iu ai" cheng ; young child. ji sun
mua" tng a houseful of ;
wants both food and clothing. Iu ti su, iu u children. hSi-ji an infant, lam-ji kai ci-khi;
;
nang-kheh lai, iu u nang lai chia" khu ta" a boy's resolves. cia si ang hSi-ji this is a ;
chiet-io ue ; had business on hand, when com- young repi'obate. lu mai" thoi" co ji hi you ;
pany came, and then some one came to get me need not look upon this as child's play. kia"»
to go and talk over an important matter, cie" ji coi ; has many children. ji-sai ; ji-hu ; a
i iu m-ho, hie" i iu m-hd, m cai co-ni h(5 ;
this husband.
200 DICTIONARY OP THE SWATOW DIALECT,
J^ j!
41 Public cliambers, or halls. meaning of a letter. tah jl a letter pasted ;
ain-kwn on. khek ji an engraved letter. nin jl to

*4 8 ara-ji; monasteries,
^«^7 ; ;
write, kia ji to send a note. chau ji copy

ji-i"; raonasteries and their attachments. tai-U ;
;
letters. bie ji trace letters through thin

jl-khcng Court of Appeals. ;
thai-p6k-ji cia°- ;
chief judge in the Court of ho the label. u hue ji a bo ? Is

kheng the ;
Ap- paper. jl ;
there an answer to be returned

peals, jl l"; fanes and temples. per bearer ?
bo hue ji ;
no answer. ii hue ji ;
an answer is
"~~*
ji
7 Second
duplicate. ;
two ;
twain ;
to be returned.
* 721
pai-ji ; Tuesday. jl gueh cSp-
'
ji
a jih-jl ? Is it the twelfth or the twenty- jl
184 To bait; an allurement.
second day of the second month ? kfa°-jit
720 6 hi' t\e° cia hu tieh cang slra«
81 chiu-ji ; to-day is the second of the month, mueh lai c6 jl ? What should be used for bait
in catching this fish ? i cu lai clah he takes
i si tCi"
ji kai ; he is the second. i ki"
jl- jl ;
he wanted the bait. khieh ngfln khu ji i allure him

cap "gun, lia li hai" i cap-ji ; ;
with silver catch him with a silver hook.

twenty dollars and I gave him twelve. b6 ;
jl
th<5i" i ai' m6 ; see if
ji
ku ;
no two words about it. it Ifti si thoi"- you can tempt him with
ki" ksli lai si th6i°-ki° lii k&i this.
i rain-hun, jl
rain-hun ;
I first consider his interests, and
next yours. thftu chu si i Itli, jl chu el lu tt-j* jl-cak 180 The elbow.
/J J 49 8 i sai
ji-cak khii khSi' i;
lai, ci chu jl-ke co-pii lai the first time it ;
he gave him a punch with his elbow, phah jl-
was he who came, the next time it was you
cak to elbow. i
phah-^n mia".ke 6ng jl-cak
who came, and this time you have both come ;
;
in playing shuttle-cock, he uses his elbow with

together. ji ke pe'-pe" hua°-ii/; both parties
great skill.
are equally pleased. jl
hue lia lu it-tit the ;
second time I forgot it. ji ke° a bQe ? Is it

jl
180 Delicate ; soft fine exact.
the second watch yet ? ji ch6ng hfang Ho ;
; ;
631 iu"-jl ;12 fine and delicate,

the gun which announces the second watch
mong tieh iu°-jl cfti ; it feels very soft and fine,
has already sounded. cfa sng si ji-tang hue ;
lia th6i" i kai n6k fo
this may be reckoned as second-hand goods. û°-jl, i kai nSk io cho ; it
appears to me that her complexion is the more
i si td tng jl-ia° a si tng sam-ia"? Is he the ser-
delicate, and hers the more coarse. cf le" hti
vant of an officer, or the servant of an officer's
k&i nfik slang iu°-ji ; the flesh of this fish is
servant ? ni'n ji lii chi'a" co ; you, who occupy
very delicate. s6i-ji ; finical. i mih su
the second rank, please be seated. s6i-jl
ji nang ; cSi ; he is very fastidious about everything, i
the wife next in rank to the chief wife. chQa kai la" Qe sbi-sbi ji-jl, ch<&^n bo theng ta"; his
kaiji-pSng; chii kai ji-pfing take a second mode of speech very precise, and he says
;
is
ji pang? Are j'ou
wife. ni'n si toa pang a si
the chief or the second wife ? ua si seng i kai nothing carelessly.
I buy from his wholesale stock.
ji pua°; i si -jfa-
CO Via kai ji chi'u he is my first assistant. lu
ki" thau ho a ji liO kai ? Do you want the best
;
•
jT^ jâ
61 To incite ;
to bring on ;
to
"AlT* 293 9
elicit; to irritate,
or the second best ?
lu raai" to jia htla ; do not bring evil upon your-
A self, jia htie lai sie sin ; start a fire to burn
^^
~J 1032 8
ji
89
cek kjli ji; one
letter.
letter. cSk ciie
one's self, in-jia kau ua su-sle" m hiah ;
makes
jl ;
a column of characters. cek tie" ji ; a me think of it incessantly. i m si ji'a
hui ;
he
written sheet. the radicals, sim-mih ji does not provoke discussion. ii hue cti I'n-jia
ji-b<5 ;
boi-iah flowers attract the butterflies. mai°

p6i°, thau, sim-mih ji e? What is
sim-mih ji
;
the radical at the side, at the top, and at the fn-jia i khau ; do not make him cry. jia kau
bottom ? lia se" khi ; made me lu si to jta su
sit ji, did ji, twn ji ; three methods angry. ;
of writing, the square character, the

running you are creating a disturbance.
hand, and the seal character. ji-ti'en ; a dic-
si uah ji a si si ji ? Is it a noun or a
— jiBk —
tionary,
verb ? Is it movable or fixed type ? hu ji, sit ji; "Hj3 67 Frail pliant feeble tender.
jiak ; ; ;
characters which represent other words than
nouns, and those which represent objects.
^^
infirm.
295 nng-jiak; weak, khun-jiak
7 ;
jl nng-nng jiak-jlak ; very feeble, sin-

ngfin ; a set phrase. ji ueh ; the strokes in a thoi s6-jiak he is very thin,
;
ci kai nS.ng jiu-
letter. ji im ; the sound of a letter. ji ngi ; jiak ; this person is very pliable. nd-jiak ;
b6 iQu khiang jiak ; without regard id thia"; he is crying out because he has a pain
pliant.
to strength or weakness. i kai kli\-th6i jiak ;
in his stomach. j'ang hi" thia"; crying with
he is of a feeble constitution. hneh-khi hu- ear-ache, kim-cf suang-jiang forbid all voci- ;
tieh cai p6-iang ; his blood is thin, and he feration. bQe ceng tia" tieh i cu jiang before ;
jiak,
must be well fed. sue-jiak ; decrepid. jiak he was touched he began to shriek. thak to
pang the weaker ; party.
m thak hp-ho, co-ni tho-jiang ? When you are
reading, why do you not read nicely and not
140 If should it be i sa° ke"
pua° me" li(5-li(5 si-si th6-jiang ;
Zy^ jiak ; ; supposing ;
yell ?
in the middle of the night, when he is just as
Î) 296 "5~ Biniilar to.
if you are coming well as usual, he shrieks out. kia" kau he-
ju-jiak ai" lai tieh soi" ta";
must so beforehand. ci kai put jiak he-kie, jvvn jiang ; so scared that he screamed
you say
hu kai ngi'a ; this is not like that in regard to frantically.
its thang-jiak
beauty, si, co-nl ? If it is notm
BO, what then
? jiak si cie"-se° ua cu mai";
if jiang 149 To reprove; to recriminate.
that the case, I shall not want it.
is klui jiak 291 hd jiang i17 you will lu ;
cle"-se° ho? How can that be suitable? jiak

do well to reprove him. i khut lia
jiang lio
lun mong nang i cU co tit lai if you talk about bo lie ho in ; when I reproved him, he had
;
a person he is apt to come. jiak ta" m-h6 cu nothing to say in reply. ua khut i jiang si ;
she blamed me severely, i cai cue lio, ta° jiang
m-ai°; should he say anything against it, then
do not take it. ce cii ho he is aware of his fault, now it is
;
— jiam — enough to merely reprove him. cek kia" su cii

jiang m hau" hiah whenever anything hap- ;
"Vi^ ji'am 75 To dye ;

to tint ;
to tinge. pens, he finds fault most persistently, cie" miig
^^t^ 286 6 ai" tl cek sek ? What khu jiang i go to the door and reproach him.
;
jiam
color do dyed ? bo khu tiam
you want it to be
149 To cede to to
jâm i thisdo not get
tinged by that. jiam
jiang ; give way ;
;
291 17 to show
respect to others,
hng a dyer's establishment.
; jiam cng-kah ;
ho jiang
lu i
you should give place to him.
tint the finger nails. put kiie tiam jiam ce
;
;
hia"-ti tiehhd sie jiang, iTi hd sie ce"; brethren
only the finishing touches. should waive their rights in favour of each
A other, and should not be at variance.
large serpent found in jiang
kai ui khut i co give up your seat to him.
XtX 285
southern China, described as
6 ;
fifty feet long ; it can seize deer for food it ;

jiang tio lo kliut i kiie ; give place for him to
has long teeth and a bright variegated skin, pass you on the road. mhi" t<5 sie jiang do ;
which is used for covering guitars. not stand and wait each for the other to take
jiam cua
ta°; the gall of the large serpent, reputed to be precedence.
useful iu curing consumption.
-jl3-
— Jiang — jie 44 Urine.
To fast and pray, as Taouists 632 4 pting jie to urinate, jie-pau
%^^ ji'ai^g 115 the bladder, cheng; turbid urine,
;
m
;
iJ^ 290 TT do, in order to avert calamity. jie lo-lo,

tu hiSa-iang
avert calamity by prayer boi pang jie retention of urine,
; chua jie jid
Jiang ;
;
and cu pat jiang che" kai huap he

i
chua cek min-chng to wet the bed. ;
fasting. ;
understands the manner of intercession with

one's natal star.
— jleh
—
jieh 62 An interrogation ;
how very ;
jiang 30 To cry aloud ;

to bawl j
to 333 9 many,
291 17 vociferate. kau hu kp jieh hng ? How far is it there ? Id
i ka° jiang ; he dare not cry out.
111
j^f^îg m ai" jieh toa kai ? How large an one do
yoii
hiah ; scolds incessantly. kia" kau boi jiang ; want ? thiim thoi" u jieh chim ; probe it and
BO frightened that I could not scream. jâug see how deep it is. nie thoi" jieh khuah ;
kau au bo sia"; screeched till hoarse, ai" jiang measure it and see how wide it is. i jieh coi
li jiang m chut ; wanted to scream but could hiae ? How he ? ra cai i jieh coi hiie do
old is
;
make no sound. lu thia" ua ta", mai" co lu not know how old he is. i u jieh coi kSi kia"?
li-kwn jiang listen to what I am saying and
;
How many children has she ? boi kau ta" il
do not give yourself up to screaming, i
jiang jieh kii lio ? How long ago did you buy it ? i
mih su ? What is he bawling about ? i
jiang to siu u jieh coi ci" to kd, cp-ni m hau" hSi'
202 DICTIONART OF THB SWATOVT DIAtECT.
lia? He is all the time taking in ever so much sie-jiet; has a fever, hwn-lfo ii
jiet-klu; there is
money, so why will he not pay me ? f -keng still warmth in earthenit.
huang-ld Ip jiet; the
lai jieh kii lio hwn-lio ta" m
pat to khu came ;
stove is heated. tho ; tieh mc°-ine° ciah i
jiet
ever so long ago and is still unable to talk, must quickly take something to reduce the
lia b6 jieh coi 1 have no great number, ;teng fever. lia mong tieh i kai chi'u-toi 6i jiet ; I
th6i° jieh tSng; weigh it and see how heavy it is. find his hands very hot in the palm. chaa-
— jien
— jiot kai much, in-hd ciah
heating, i kui
do not eat what is
tng thia", to jiet he has pain
;
AH^ jien 80 An adverbial particle, im- and iuflammation in his bowels.

^\\ 8 285
plying it is so.
of course naturally ; certainly. -jih-
n
cu.jien ; cfi-cH
;
jien-jien just so ; to be sure.; kua"-jien ; jih 64 To urge one to accept.
really ; truly. cQ jien jii jion ; self-existent ; 1068 8 jih kau nu-png-kua ka-Uuh;
underived ; it comes of itself, cp lai cu-jieu press a gift upon one, till the cover of the
cSi is made so as to look very natural, basket falls off. i to ui siu
;
it jih siu, i
kheng ;
hut-jion cu b6 khu suddenly disappeared. c6.

; urged him to accept it, but he would not. Id
"ten cu lai ;
came abruptly or unexpectedly, of mfn-cng cai-sa" jih, ua T-kong siu Ho; yoti
J:ai su lia thoi" tieh bue jion I look upon this ;
need not urge rae again and again to accept
as still uncertain. i kai iie to m jien li ; some, I have already accepted some.
what he says is very improbable, put khi-jion
64 To press upon with the hand.
jii-jên it came quite unexpectedly.
;
ci kla" jih
6U i cio^-se" til" lu thoi" jien a m jien ? Do you 622 6 jih kin press it tightly. jih ;
consider what he says about this probable or

ill
Iph ; I cannot press it in. jih i jip khu ;
i ka i press it in. lu kSi ch{u cai jili, mai" pun

improbable ? jion-Su cia" 6i after she ;
has taught him he will be able, sp-f-jien k&i huang chue cdu ; press your hand upon it, and
do not let the wind blow it away, chi'u jih t5
tp-li a necessary doctrine.
;
i
thang-jion cii
khu; he went understandingly. peh kaug b6
i thilu-khak
pressed his hand upon his head,
;
i kai sim-kua'-thau
jih tieh pok-pok kio when
jion without any apparent reason for it.
;
;
you lay your hand on his chest you can feel it

180 like. throb. jih Iph ce it down a little,
press m-
^r-^ jieu Resembling; ;
'
1^ 795 ~8~ i se° lai jien i a bd, i7i jien i hd jih khuh tliiara do not press it too hard,
;
a pe he looks like his mother, not like his

; jih cii ; stop it by pressing tho hand upon it.
father. hu kî ta-po kui cu jien i a pe ; the
is like his father.
se° lui jien c&i no kai Il» jih 24 Twenty a score. ;
boy ;
the two look much

lu thdi" ue lai jien alike. I I 300 1 jihgua nang more than a ;
score of people. lu tang jih sun cia° lai wait

me ? Do you think the portrait good ? lia ;
till the last ten

thoi" li jien I think the likeness good.
; cia days of the month, then come.
m jih-.si ngo
kai pang-bd; about the twenty-fourth
ue lai cng kai jien ; this drawing bears no
resemblance to the original, i kai khwn
or twenty-tifth of the month, jih gua hiie lio ;
jien-
over twenty years old.
jien i a-kong ; his looks and ways are just like
his grandfather's. ne jien-jien an exact ;
— jfra
—
counterpart.
— jiet
— JjJ
i|JU>
ji'ra
287 3
61 Fortitude ; patience ; to bear
with; to repress; to give way to.
ZNJL jiet 86 Heat ; fever ; warm ;
ardent. jim-nJii khak-kho jira-nai to persis-
;
endure, ;
j%\\ 293 11 jiet c5i ; feverish; restless. tently bear up under. jim-se°; patient, jim
thi°-si iam-jiet the weather is very hot. ; sxi- kill thun sia°; I'estrain auger, by not speaking,
jiet ksii si-hau in the hot season. hu kp lau-

; e jim bo ngan; silently endure. jim m cii;
jiet ; there is much bustle there. lau-lau jiet- unendurable. jim sim hai li; harshly violate
jiet kai si-hau ; in times of great excitement propriety. i kai sim
chang-jim cSi ; his spirit
and activity. hu kai tl-hng sim si jiet-lau ; is undisciplined. jim jok pp chiu ; bear the
that place is one where there is a great deal disgrace in order to avenge it. lu tieh oi kien
going on. lau-lau jiet-jiet, boi ko-cio ; many jim ; you have unflinching fortitude. i mia°-
people coming and going, and no quietude. ke jim cai ;

he exercised admirable patience,
mai° kiia" nang to
lau-jiet; do not mix yourself ci'a si i cia° 6i jim this what she has to put
;
i no
pat nang jim m khu other people
up in their affairs, nang sim si chin-jiet ; up with. ;
the two are ardently attached to each other, i would not bear it. jim-khi se" chai patience ;
'
6i hwt jiet a boi ? Does he have fever ? oak begets riches.

the good are called the righteous, cun hu-j!n

J^k ]ini
83 Tlie ninth of the ten stems ;
;
I ^ 287 1 it belongs to water, your wife. t5i-jin; the great man exalted sir. ;
luk jiin kai cu ;

a book of raagic. i mia°-ke
slo jin the rude, the unlearued.
;
seng jin Ho ;
thoi" l&k-jitn he is expert in the study of he is of age. hu-jiu kai pin-khip si hu-jin, sok
;
jin, kiong-jin, ngi-jin, ang-jin, ju-jin, lak khi ;

magic.
the titles given to women are six, depending on
9 To sustain to trust; a the rank of the husband, whether he be of the
Jrf^ jim ; duty;
JZE 289 4 to undertake, first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or sixth rank,
cia si i this is a duty belong-
kai ceh-jlm ; chia-jin tek-jin an enemy.
;
un jin toa un ; ;
ing to his post. bo ceh bp iirn ; he has no i jin ; a benefactor. ui jin-kun kai nang the ;
kua tieh tang jira bears a Emperor. ui jin-cii tieh kia^-hau pe-bp ; the
responsibilities. ;
heavy responsibility. ci kai ceh-jirn toa this ; crown-prince even must obey his parents, kia"
is a weighty responsibility. i to jim lia kai iii in
seng jin fear he is not going to be much
;
BU he bears the responsibility in this affair of

;
of a man. se" lai cii si kai miii" jin is a well- ;
mine. ua sin-jIm i ; I confide in hira. jina i ;

made man. .siang jin the head of the house, ;
entrust the matter to hira. lu m ho jim i jin-mueh ; folk, koh ie" kai nang kie-cp i jin ;
theng op you should not trust to his careless
; people who are unlike other people are called
management. jim-pheng lu co-ni ta", lia to m queer, seng jin put cu-eSi, cu-cai put seng jin;
thia"; whatever you say, I shall not heed it. i successful people are not those who live at ease,
CO su khah jim se" he gives way to his temper ;
and those who live at ease are not successful.
too much. chai-cheng m seng jim his abili- ;
A—^ 9 Charity ; humanity ; benevol-
ties do not fit him for the post,
m hi ;
he is
jim phah to
not frightened at being beaten. I
— *
jin
287 2 ence ; humane; a kernel, a pit,
a small seed.
/tYI jim 9 To hold office ;

an incumbent. jin-ngi ; just. i si kia°
jin-tek kai n4ng ; he
I -1a 289 4 hu jim ;
to repair to one's post, is one who acts with regard to the welfare of
others. he is tender-
tiang-si cie" jim ? When does he enter upon
kfii sira jin-chu i
;
the duties of his office ? lai cih i kai jim ; hearted, sim si jin-ai peh-se"; he is very
i
comes and takes the seals of his office. sin regardful of the weal of the people. ci kai
jim kua° ; the new incumbent. hin jim to cp nang put jin this person has no regard for
;
sim-raueh? What is the present incumbent others. i bp

jin bp ngi he has no sense of ;
doing ? coi" jim si ti-tiang ? Who was the justice. heng- jin almonds. ti-tau jin the ; ;
former incumbent ? cie" jim si se° mih kai ? meat of peanuts. kue-ci jin ; the pit of
What was the surname of the previous incum- fruits. raak-ciu jin ;
the eyeball. thong jiu ;
bent ? ci jim kua" ho me ? Is the present the pupil of the eye. i"-bi-jin ; maize.
magistrate a good one ? i khu cih sin
jim ; 149 To confess to recognize.
he has gone to take the seals of a new office, ce "^^ jin ;
kau jim, cu li-kwn li su as soon as he arrived

|:t>Ui> 289 7 in jin, phah kau i jin if he ;
;
will not own up to it, beat him till he does, i
at his post he devoted himself to the transac- m kheng ; he will not confess his sin.
jin ciie
tion of business. sia jim au kau ta" jieh kii ? i he has already confessed his fault,
cue lio
jin
How since he resigned his office?
;
jin m chut; does not recognize it. jin m pat td

long is it
u jim-.sp has a position.
;
ii
jim a bo ? Has khu m pat to jin ; have no mark by which to
;
he any office ? keh ceh, lau jim to degrade, ;

know it. lia jin tieh i ; I recognized it. khut
and yet retain in office, phang tai-ke khu lau lia
jin tieh it was recognized by me.
;
chia°
jim get a remonstrance from the people
;
nang lai tam jin ask some one to spy out ;
against his going out of office.

whether it is
i the same one.
keh-piet kii, jin
— jin
— m pat to khu they have been long separated,
and do not recognize each other.
;
i ra
jin lia;
9 The human race man man- he does not recognize me. i si Itli mSu"
jiu
Ajin
; ;
286 kind ; personal ;

human, kai ; he has come to lay claim to it, on the
hu-jin nang women. long jin farmers, ground of recognizng it as his own. i m
; ;
seng
lam-jin, nng-jin ; men and women, kang jin ; jin he did not feel wholly sure that it was the
;
workmen. huara jin ;

criminals, sok jin ;
same one. jin m cheng-chp ; not certain that
common people, ie" jin ; foreigners, jin-min ; it was the same one. i ang cia sie
jin ; the
the people, jin chin ; the nobility, huam cue husband and wife recognized each other, jin-
kai nang kie-cp cue jin those who sin, are ;
cin ; scrupulous. i cp su
jin cin ; he acts with
called sinners. h^ kai n^ng kie-cp sien jin ; scrupulous regard to truth.
204 DICTIONAET OF THB SWATOW DIALECT.
jKSL ji'o
64 To give or bring trouble to j jio-jio ; rumpled by sitting on it.
it n6a° kâ
4^^, 292 16 to embarrass, jio-jio hai°-hai°; rumpled it all up by lying
mai" kio-jxo tieh iiang ; do not discommode down in it. mSn phue jio-jio her skin is ;
people, i
cong-kii lai to kfo- j/o ;
he is always shrivelled. i stii si
ngo-lak-cap hue min-phfte
bothering us. cia sX td j/o-liAi tl-hiig ; this is ciig kai boi jio ; although she is fifty or sixty
rendering the country unsafe. thi-"e jio-lwn ; years old her face is not at all wrinkled. ci
a state of disturbance everywhere. i c6-ni ai"
cang hue khut jit ph^k jio klm, lieh cai ak
lai ii°-jio lu ? Why should he come and harass cui this plant has wilted in the sunshine, and
;
yon ? da, Itli

jio-htln Iti ;
I am
putting you to must be watered. cu-cheh mai chip jio ; do
trouble. u ji'o u ji'o ; a deal of bother, su c5, not crease your book.
cfa khah kiie ji'o 1 beg pardon, I am
;
putting,
you to too much trouble, sim ce jio tieh ke-bQ "h^ j^® §§ Fascinating.
cQ m cc"; as soon as one's mind is disturbed by XTC 292 12 io-jio; to charm ;
to ogle, io-
domestic matters, he is not trauquil. io jio-jio ;
to play tricks with ;
to try to appear
fascinating.
riT jio 87 Claws ;
talons.
/ l\ 34 1)6° jfo; tigers' claws, sin 184 Plenty to eat affluent.
ng6 jio ;
jio Ifmg; embroider a dragon, five clawed TO 292 12

richly supplied.
pii-jio hii
;
ci ie" hue kai tl-hng pii-jio ; that land is one in which

si
eng-jio k&i this flower is the ;
" hawk's claw." food abounds. cl kiii nl hii-kp jio ciii ; these
i kfti
ji'o
1(5
jio th6 he is ;
sciatcliiiig up the ground with his claws, few past years there has been enough and to
khut i kai jfo jio lieh was scratched by its ; spare there. slm si jio-sck kfti tl-hng ; it is a
land of gi-oat plenty.
claws. Ciig i CO j\o-ge; use him as a cat's paw. hong- jio ; affluence,
jio-ju ; supembuudance.
>^K 162 To environ to compass.
7^
to compass about
ji'o
2J)2 12 fii-jio
to cord up.
;
to environ.
;
ti"-jfo,
jio
313
166 So pursue ; to chase after ; to
8 drive out to expel, ;
;
lu m6'-me" khii jio i tng-lAi
go quickly after ;
120 Crape. him and bring him back. tieh kia° me" cS
jio
962 10 u jio ; camlet, cia" jio tit tieh walk faster then you will over-
jio-se crape, ;
;
i
pak cek nfa fl.ng jio-se kun ; she had on a red take him. jio kau jit-tau, ll-sl jio m tieh, lu cQ
crape skirt, cheng cek kia" Iftm jio koih hiu";
h<5 tng l&i, mai" cai
jfo khu pursue him till ;
wore a blue crape sleeveless jacket, unwadded. noon, and if you do not overtake him, then re-
so jio plain crape, kng jio Cantonese turn, and follow him no farther. ii
huang cQ
;
crape, ;
ciang jio ; Amoy crape. sua" jio ; rep-crape, jio tit tieh if there is wind we shall overtake
;
kek jio ; rough crape. lii kai lam

jio ki" eng
him. jio i chut khu; drive them out. jio
sira-mih hue-chau kai? What sort of flowers ie"; to tend sheep. jio gu; to drive cattle.
do you want in your blue crape ? ki° jio cek khun ah khu tl-k6 ? Whither are
you driving that flock of ducks ? tu si td kio

tlo mueh a m si, lu khu jio i khui
ijrfr 3^° ^4 "^^ claw; to scratch with the pig is ;
*P|V 32 the nails, rooting up something is he not, you go and

jio kau i kui min ku-a leh ; scratched him so drive him off. lu tieh cai jio ngio, mki" khut i
that his face has several deep scratches on it. thau clah mueh you must remember to drive
;
jio kau hueh lau hueh tih scratched him so ;

out the cat, and not let her eat up the things.
that the blood ran. ce jio phua phfle hueh ca me°-am lln-l5ng-kie si ngio td jio nio°-chu a
cu l&u ; if you scratch through the skin, the m si ? The clatter last night was caused by the
blood will start out. si ngio jio tieh a si kau cat chasing rats was it not ? chak khieh Ho co
jio tieh ? Were you scratched by the cat or
i khu, bo
nSng ka° khu jio i ; the thief took it
by the dog ? khut i kai ji'o jio tieh was ;
and went off, no one daring to give chase to him.
scratched by his claws,
kah hun
jio kau ku-a kai ciig-
scratched so as to leave several
— jip
—
;
marks of the finger nails. 11 To enter ;

to enter upon ; to
107
Ajlp
hue
299 put in.
si ai" jip khau kai a si ki" chut khaa
^
ît jio Crumpled; creased; wrinkled. ci'a
yUt^ 962 10 khut i te" kau jio-jio ; he has kai ? Are these goods for importation or for
squeezed it till it is all crumpled up. raai" exportation ? mueh ho, siu jip ci lai ; when
chip jio ; do not press it into creases. co lio you have done them all up, put them in here.
sui D^ng to si chut jlp ci kfti King ; everybody yesterday, cd jit m

cSng chut I&i he did not
;
goes in and out at this door. seng-h' Ip b6 come out yesterday, cph jit c6i" jit ; the day
;
ci° 1)(5 jip there is nothing coming in from the

;
before yesterday, toa &n jit; the day after day
business. C)e"-si bo mih ci" jip chiu ; there is after to-morrow. toa c6i" jit ; the day before
but little money coming in lately. ce u ci" day before yesterday, kim jit; kfa"jit; to-day.
jip chi'u cu sang-hai"
lu ; as soon as I have any kia°-jit sio" sim much ? What day in the cycles
money in hand I will pay you. i thia" iie to is to-day ? ii chut
jit tieh khieh khu philk ;
thia" ni jip hi"; what he hears does not enter if the sun comes out you must take it and put
into his mind. m
bie jip ; incongruous, lu it in the sun. lu mai" chut khu phak jit do ;
lieh cai jip sio ; you must remember to enter not go out in the sun. i chin, t<5 cieh jit; he is
it in account. tiang-si ai" jip hue ? When are cold, and is warming himself in the sun. bo
i to chut
you to begin to live in that houee ? jit bp sph ; there is no sun at all. ai" tang ti
kua" jip hu; he has official visitors coming
cek jit ? To what day is it deferred ? tAng
ti cek jit lai ? On what
and going, i thoi" kliu jip sin; he has studied day did it come ? kio
it till he is versed in it. to jip put hu ^6 i CO se"
jit make a birth-day party for him.
;
chut his income is not equal to his outlay?,

; Be"-jit sie lung; having the same birthday,
tieh liang jip ui chut; estimate your income jit chut lio ; the sun is up ; the sun has come
to see what you can expend. i tiang-si
jip out. jit khi-thau chut; the sun is just rising,
6h ? When does he enter school ? jip f-iu-chai jit ai" loh ; the sun is about to set. jit-thaa
kau ta" jieh ku ? How long is it since he took Iph sua"; the sun is setting. jit tiii tang the
;
his degree of A.M. ? thoi" m jip mak ;

it sun is directly overhead. jit sia a hue ? Is
does not please my eye. thoi" tit jip miik ;
the sun past the meridian yet? kau gueh
pleasing to the eye. i chph tie ta" khu jip kau nah jit bp eng cu-nie li m tit ; in the
cheng jip li what he said was reasonable, bp

;
ninth month, in the shortest day of the year,
i
jip lai will not allow him to enter.
;
ai° jip a good-for-nothing woman can't get through
mi"; will stuff it with cotton. jip coi" n ng with the day's work. lu kue ke cek jit Ho ;
a jip au mng ? Did he go in by the front door another day is gone. cek jit cek jit koi kiie
or by the back door ? jip lai ci lai co; come in cai ; a day at a time passes quickly. mcai si
here and sit down. ci'-kp ho jip khu me ? jit-kua a si me"-kiia ; did not know whether it
Can we go in here ? cp-pu jip Ifi,i thoi"; go in was day or night. jit cie kau ci iSi the sun
;
together and see. cp-ni boi tit jip? Why will shines in. i kai mak m ka" chie" jit ; he dare
it not go in ? koi-koi cu jip ; it will go in not look at the sun. i khu tph jit khi
kang ;
easily. jip kong-hiic enter a club, ngi jip,

;
he has gone to choose a lucky day for begin-
cia jit si ti-tiang thoi" kai ?
put ngi chut ; takes in but does not give out. ning the work.
ta" jip bo ta" chut ; makes mistakes in his own Who sought out the lucky day ? jit cam ; the
favour but not otherwise. sun's rays. jit cek jit kia" cek khuang ; the
sun traverses a great circle each day. th<5i°-
-jU- ki" jit to tang poi" phu khi Ifii, to sai poi" 16h
T~t 72 The sun
a day ; daily ; day khu; behold the sun rising in the east, and
P
jit-thau
293
jit
the sun.
time.
;
;
jit sih ; an eclipse of

setting in the west. jit-jit si cie"-se"; every
day it is thus, jit gueh n si cau lang; even the

the sun. jit me"; the sun is hot. chia" tî jit ; sun and moon sometimes encounter dangers.
ask for the eight characters which denote the chiu-it sih, a si chiu-ji sih ? Is the eclipse
jit si
time of one's birth. ii cek kai jit-ci s-iang ho ;
of the sun on the first or on the second day
it would be best to have a fixed time, peh jit of the month ? jit td; the days are
short,
chiV-kiap; him
broad daylight,
robbed in jit tng the days are lengthening.
; jit-tau ;
than tng peh jit ; openly, in broad day. ke no jit cd it is still early in the day.
noonday. ;
ea" jit in two or three days. lien jit Iph ho ; jit ua" lio it is already late in the day.
; jit-
;
rains continuously for days at a time. cek ci kiie lio ;

the set day is past. kue kiii jit ;
lien Iph ku-a jit; fell for several days at a you are too late by several days, khah ke jit ;
stretch, keh ke si jit; four days later, sim- too many days. tieh tui jit ; you must come
mih jit-khi ? At what period of time ? p^k on the day appointed, ho si h<5 jit ; a lucky
kit jit, hiong jit ; a lucky or an
jit ; some other day. tang e-jit wait till ; period.
another day. lu cie" jit ceng ta"; you said so unlucky day. thau cek jit ; the first day.
the other day. miia-jit ; to-moriow. Su-jit ; toi" ji jit ; the next day. u tia" jit a bp tia°
jit ? Is there a fixed day for it or not ?
ua tSng coi" 15
day after to-morrow heieafter. ;
jit lai h'o ; I have been here since day before

kau jit ; pickle it for a sufficient number of
206 DICTIONADT OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
days. jit ki" jit tSa grows bigger day by 82

;
jong Fine hair or feathers ;
day. i kfa''-jit chut jit; to-day
the seventh is
303 12 feathery.
after the decease. lu thoi" u lai jit, a bo lî
jong-md"; soft fluffy hair. tek chin thi''-si se°
jit ? Do you consider that there is a future for
j6ng-mo°; deers in cold weather have a coat of
the enterprise, or not ? to se° kiie jit ; barely fine hair grow out. koi-kia" chut nng-khak,
enough to live upon from day to day. to jit i kai mo" cu j6ng-j6ng when the chicken ;
ju ni a day is like a year in passing. lu coh

emerges from the shell, its feathers are downy.
;
kang SI lun jit, a lun gueh ? Are you working

by the day or by the month ? jit me", tang 120
Floss ; velvet ; velveteen.
jdng
kau jit nng cia" hd khu; the sun is very hot, 303kiin jong; trim with velvet.
6
wait till the sun's rays are less powerful, and so jong; Soochow
ie°j6ng; foreign velvet.
then go. jit ce cliut cu j&ah ; as soon as the velvet. cang j6ng l&i chiah ; embroider it
sun comes out it will be hot. jit am ; at dark, with floss, boi c6k chieh Iftm jdng co Sra-nfa ;
jit ai" am it is nearly dark.
;
u thi" b6 jit-
buy a foot of blue velvet to make a collar, no
th&u there is a sunless sky ; there is no strong
; li'u
jong ; two skeins of floss.
light upon it.
pai jit; every day. cia jit, cfth
jit; screen from the sun. jdng 140 Deer's horns ; antlers.
— jiu
— horns,
304 6 tek jong young deer's ;
shavings of deer's antlera.

jong phien ;
jiu 75 Complaisant pliant flexible.

; ; jdng ka glue made from deer's antlers.
;
mi"
294 6 un-jiu meek, jin-nng; plia-
; jdng elk horns.
; jdng kfin ; the base of the
ble, kai s6"-ch6ng jiu-jiak his disposition is ; antler, (considered valuable as a medicine).
mild, sia" jiu- jiu ; a soft voice. i
jiu-jia nS,
b6i khi ; he is very gentle, and not easily an- Afh jî^Sr ^ Still ; ever ; jast as before.
i kai chi'a ung-jiu nng-jia n6 ; her l/J 291 2 is ever
jdng-kQ si cie"-se°; it
noyed,
arms are very weak. thus. itda n&ng liah khu keng-
siji si pun i
i li khah
kang, i li
khah jia this is too stiff, and this too limp, kai, hwn-lio jdng-kQ boi pi"; though taken to
;
task by her husband, she is still unchanged
ci ie° chiu-ki io nng-jiu, h(5 khut co uah miêh
kai heng; the branches of these trees are flexi-
from what she was before. joug-jien still ;
the same.
ble, and may be formed into the outlines of
living creatures. 62
--j6k — -fHr
!ZKi
Warlike; military.
jdng
303 His Excellency,
2 c<5ng-jdng ;
the major-general. i si
tHi-ngwn-jdng he is
^^rf j6k 145 A mattress. ;
commander-in-chief. jdng cuang ta-pang in

1a^ 300 10
min-chng phCie jok ; bed- martial array.
;
stead, coverlet, and mattress. j6k kia°; a

cushion, ci ie" ho co jok ; this sort is good for — ju-
cushions.
J^^
-if^
jok
299
161
3
To insult; to put to shame.
khut i jok tieh was insulted
^ ju
298
7 jii
hie"; frankincense.
6 The
bc5
breast
;
ceng-jii-cieh
the teat ; milk.
;
a foster mother.
;
jii-
stalactites.
;
jii
kim liquid gold used in painting.
by him.
;
jim jok ; endure reproach. i to jok
pe-bd he rails at his parents.

; ci'a si to jok i
jii
88 Young; plump and
tender.
kai CO this is dishonoring his ancestors, tng 642 ciah kau jii- jii; she has grown
;
11 i
mln cu jok i ; shamed him to his face. pi i ai" sie kai tu tieh jii ju; for roasting,
young.
leng-jok insulted by him.
; siu jok ; receive the pig must be a young plump one. ci ciah
insult. j6k-me°; rail at. bo kwn long jok ;
koi jii-jii ; this fowl is young and tender.
regardless of glory or shame.
— j6ng — ./^»r ju 61 In a further degree more ; ;
iCi^ 1126 9 better convalescent. ;
*|-|^ Jong 14 A calling and its duties ; jii

me" jii ho the quicker the better.
;
cf kî
yiJ 304
hurried, 2 jii ngia this is still handsomer.
;
cia lia jii-
su jong cai ; pressed with business. su-bii keug ai°; for this I have a still greater desire,
hwu-jong ; multifarious business. chi'a" i jii miig jii m pat ; the more he was questioned
buah jong, coi" lui ;
ask him to lay aside his the less he knew. jii thoi" jii
hiin the more ;
work and come forward. sang tio jong hiii ; I study it, the more confused I am. jii ke ;
cat off the extra expenses. still more, jii cfe j still less. cie"-se° jii-keng
kliua"-uah ;
that is more comfortable. cfa jii it.
ju-h6k ra cai, tieh ta" in cai if you do not ;
iu"; this is still finer. cira ju ku, jii li6 ; the know, you must say so. ko-jii i a-sl b6 li
longer you soak it the better. i
chwn-jii a chue pa,t nang cieh should he not have any, ;
bue ? Is he convalescent yet ? i

chwn-ju lio ;
then go and find some one else from whom yon
he is already convalescent. can boiTow it. i ia
ju si ang cio"-.se° cu thi\k
m pat if he is like that, he will not learn by
;
ju 149 To praise one to his face ;

to
reading. lu thoi" .si ju h6 ? What do you
1121 8 adulate, think about it? khong-khong ju la; really
i si thfam-ml min-ju kai
xifing he is a syco- ;
nothing at all. ju-kiia" si chira kai is ;
phant and chara tla'am min-ju to

flatterer. ;
certainly a deep one. i
ciang ju ua h6 ? Well,
curry favor by depreciating others and beprais- what is he going to do with me about it ? kia"
ing the one addressed. kia" su pe-bo, to tieh khu me" cS,i, ju tang pue cek ie"; went very
u ju-sek wn-iong; children when waiting upou fast, as if ho were flying. thia" tieh ju-t^ng
their parents, must have a deferential manner, ho sounded like rain.
loll ;
ju ko nUng sd ta
and a cheerful countenance. kai ue as was said by people of ancient times,
;
ju i so hun-hu kai su kia"; do as he said. jA

// ju 11 To respond ;
to answer ;
to as- cia ie" cp make it like this pattern. sa"
; ji jil
»S 1 1 23 7 sent; to agree to
yes cei'tainly ; ;
.
lak twice three are the same as six.
;
to jib
cau khu i"-keng ju-jiin kai; what has been laid bo ju i
ju ni ; a day is like a year in passing,
before the emperor and assented to by him.
hd; have nothing to do with him. ju hia" ju
cia si
huang-siaug ju-jun kfii this is accorded ;
ti as brethren.
;
by the emperor. ki° mong ju-juu li cu mai°

cai ta"; whatever has once been granted may 118 The scurf skin of the bamboo.
ju
not be withdrawn. 297 6 tek ju bamboo oakum.
; ju-
lu ;
a plant used in medicine : its roots dye a
A ^t 3
A 9_ Literati philosophers ; the ;
red color.
Itfif 297 14 learned; refined,
ju ka Confucianism, jucia; scholars, hang
;
ju; an indigent scholar.

literai'y man.
puju; a wealthy
si hii ko kui mia" ju
of their celebrated scholars.
it is one
si cek to kai
;
m Fat; rich; fertile.
1121
ju
ko-ju; fertile.
130
ci'-kp k&i
8
chang-ti to si ko-ju kai ti the fields here-
abouts have a rich soil. so ciah to si kp-jii
;
tai ju is the greatest scholar of the age.

;
lau kai hp-bi he feeds upon rich dainties.
;
eu Ruah ju a learned man, who is not an ofii-

;
eial. ju oh a district director of graduates,

; ±|^» ju 140
» hiang-ju ; a fungus, used in
ci'a ue si
hu-ju kai ue this language is pedan-
;
ItVt 298 14 medicine.
tic, i
sng si ju. ui he is considered a learned
;
niai" cp sio-jin ju, tieh co kun-cu The elm.

physician. j;^ j^ 11
9 elru
j
u ; do not be a pretended scholar, but a real '|HS>1123 ju-peh-phue; slippery
one. sim si ju-ngia is really very refined. bark, ti-ju ;
St. John's wort.
;
cf kai n&ng ju cai ; this person is

very stylish, -^^ edict an order
much ju cai the thing is elegant.
; ju-ju ; ^tt^ 3*^ 1^ ; ;
to in-
very elegant.
\im 1129 9 struct.
huang-ti kai ju ci ; the emperor's expressed
"ntt 3^ 38 As ;
like ; according to ;
if ; will. u siang ju kau an edict has arrived, ;
^H
ju chu ;
297
3 then; as to.
like this ; thus. lu ju-jiak ai" lai
thak sia" ju read the sacred edict. ;
district superintendent of instruction.

ka-ju a
chut
;
li kio lia ta"; if

you are coming, then tell me. kp-si hio-jii peh-se° ; issue a proclamation to
put ju mai"; not to do so would be better. ua inform the people. li ju si k\m to explain ;
thoi" tieh i put ju lu ; I think you are better

reasonably but to forbid with decision. ju i
than he. bo ho tang phua put ju tok kia"; it kai hie"-li kai cia"-nang lau-toa lai ta" tie ; or-
is better to be alone than to be in bad company, der the head men of the village to come and
put ju ; nothing like ; it will be better than, talk it over, kua" min ju i cie-"se" cp; ordered
ju i so ta" kai ue li ai° cp-ni ? If it be as he him do this before the magistrate's face,
to
said, then what ? bvvn su ju i ; everything kak pun ju-thiap distributed an order in
hie" ;
according to one's wish. cJe"-si mng ju i ; the villages. chia" kua" ju kong-cia" kai
everything goes on well lately. i
ju a-si hie"-sin chut lai thio-chu invite the magis- ;
ai° cie''-se" ua cu
mai"; if that is the way he trate instruct the honorable among the
to
wants it, than I will have nothing to do with village gentry to come forth and arbitrate.
V^t
pVS
jfi
1129 9
80 To
i
illustrate
mia"-ke pf-ju
expert
; to compare.
;
he is
i^
q>K
jue
294
64
9
To work over
rub between the two hands
in the hands; to
:
in illustration, cang ci kla" su pi-ju use this ;

to fumble.
as an illustration. siet kai phi-jQ make a ; jiie chiu; fumble the beard. jiie tng, Boh t<5;
parable. cieh Ifti phi-ju ; use in illustration, griping pain in the bowels. mln-p6 jiie Ho
pi-ju cek ciah ciin ; it may be compared to
khut i la ta; squeeze out the towel and then let
& boat. it dry. chiu-kun khieh khu jue cheng-khih ;
take the handkerchief and rub it clean. tieh

145
khin-khin jiie, iTi-hd jiie phiia must rub it
Affluent; plenteous; to enrich.
;
rfc/^ ja
1128 7 lightly, and not rub holes in it. jue kai cua-
J fl pii-ju superabundance. i
;
in ; roll up a lamp-lighter, mai" jiio khah t6a
ke lai sim st pii-ju they have enough and to ;
l&k ; do not rub it too hard, jiie i nng mako
fipare in that family. ci ke pu-pu ju-ju, c6
;
tit lai this family is well off, and can afford

itpliant by rubbing it.
jiie i chiii ; rubbed it
;
into fragments.
it. ju kok, pien min ; enrich the state and
accommodate the people. kuang c6i°, ju &u ;
render those who have gone before illustrious, â

^TCt 302
1C7
Piercing; shrewd; resolute.
jfle
i k&i ci 7
jue cfii ho is very
and enrich those who come after. ;
resolute, thie-swn ceng-jQe kai pia°-be ; detail

well drilled troops. nang kai jQe-khi m h(S
162 To pass over; to pass beyond. tQi our ardour must not abate.
;
:)ia2 1124 9 i^-keng ju hfing; have passed

the limit.
-jtii-
jfiah 86
—
Hot.
jiiah
— m
jiii, jiii
jui 80
1052 8
;
answer,
aye, aye ; to be sure.
To
ceng nAng
echo, as in replying; an
'j\>\ 293 11 cSi it is hot. 16ng-c<5ng jui-jui, hd n&ng ka" kehevery one i ;
jAah very ;
agreed with whatever he proposed, and none

juah thi"-sl sa°-kh6 tith chiang Qa°; in hot dared remonsti-ate with him. hiia" nSng iii i
weather the clothing must bo changed fre-
iS kua° u
kai si, mih su to si jui-jui, nap-nap they all
juah ; sometimes it is hot,
;
quently. fear his j)ower, and assent to
and sometimes it is cold. boi kiia° boi jiiah
and aquiesce in
;
is neither cold nor hot. i hwt kiia", hwt everything he says.

juah he has chills and fever.
; kua° lio iu
jiiah, juah lio iu kua"; he is cold and hot mit jiii
61
Only that ; and so ; to consist
alternately. thi''.si juah ;
the weather is hot. 1^ 1049
in; but.
8
m
ci hue now very hot jui si cie^-se" ua cu ;
that being the way it
jit-tng-tau jiiah cS,i ; it is
is, I will have nothing to do with it.
at midday. thdi" tieh t6 Ifli cu hwt jiiah ;
jiii-tok
Iu cek nang si h(5 you are the only one fit for
when he saw it he became filled with ex- ;
citement, juah thi^si miieh-kia" koi sit bi; in

it.
jiii
si Iu lia cai tia";
you and I are the
hot weather things spoil easily, i kai sin-hun only ones who know.
jiiah ho is feverish.
; ciah tieh ni cai jiiah ;
120 To ponder.
eating it does not make me warm, jiiah pauh; jui
a cold-sore sores on the lips. 1049 8 cai sa° f-u-jui ; pondered it
;
over and over. khau song, sim jiii the mind ;
meditates upon it, while the mouth chants it.

rtY^ Pleased with
ji'if^î ^ ; gratified by. Iu h(5 ka-ki pu-jiii you think it over within
;
I^ 1131i no
nang sie7 juah tieh ; the your own mind.
two are much pleased with each other, m cai
i
juah tieh i tl-kp do not know ; what it was in
^^^ jui 162 To
will ; to entail ; to leave,
liim
Well, that
which suited his
is fine !
taste. hia, jiiah tieh
(said ironically). ia si ci
!
U^
lim
277 as at death,
12
si kai jui cok ; last will and testament. si
khi le ua jiiah tieh if it of this sort, it will k6
; nang kai jui ka; it is the instruction be-
not be to my liking. si soi" c6
i ka-ki t(5 tok
juah ; queathed to us from the ancients.
he is pleased with himself and so mistakenly kai jiii ngftn ;
those were the dying words of
thinks that others are pleased with him. cie"- his ancestor, i
a-pe jui-meng cang ci koi" ph6
se" to 111 juah nang li that will not please ci kai kia"; his father left orders that this
; pun
people. shop be given to this son. cia si tang soi° jiii
DICTIONAUY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 209
loh lai kal this was handed down from former

;
^}^ J " — ^'^ daub ;
to befoul ;
to defile.
times. jui sit mueh-kia"; articles left behind "lyQ 686 T
chfu-ng ju kku nah-sap; have
and lost. jui chun jieh coi cu-cheh pun daubed your sleeve so that it is dirty. c§k
kia"-sun-hue thak ; left many books for his koi" ju kau nah-ti, nah-sap the whole place is ;
descendants to study. tSi-huam kia"-sun to hd daubed with dirt. mai" ju tieh i do not get ;
ta"-co si c6-pe kai jui thoi ; all the descendants daubed by it. ju tieh iu daubed with paint, ;
may say that they are the relicts of their chiu mai" ju tieh bak do not get ink on your ;
ancestor. soi" nang kai jui huap the rules ; hands, kha ju tieh th6-kau-mue ; his feet ai*e
bequeathed by those gone before. khau jui daubed with soft mud.
chai examine the scholars who entered once
;
but did not pass, jui pak kia"; a posthumous "RT jti
128 The organ of hearing.
Bon. CO jui kai mueh-ngiap; property inherited ** si chio-theng kai jii
r 720 mS,k
from ancestors. toa''-toa° jfii-chun ci kfi,i kia";
kua"; is an official who acts as eyes and ears to
left only this son. the ruler. eng i t(5 cp ju mak ;
use him for
— jun — ears and hin-khek kai kua"-hu ju m^k

eyes.
kun cai; the present magistrate is very sharp
% 10 To assent to permit. eyed and quick eared, ju mak khuah a wide ;
^N jlin ;
range for seeing and hearing.

y/W 1143 "2 M
f-keng jun-nap kue ua ;
you have already granted it to me. i u in-jun 64 To spread out thin, as oint-
a bo ? Has he given his consent or not ? fc^ft j^
J^ft 864 19 ment on a plaister.
ju cau-c&u ; spread it of uniform thickness,
m jiin
12 bedew.
302
cU-jun ; to enrich
85
to bedew.
To
;
fatten
cheng sira,
;
to moisten ;
to ko mai" ju khah khuah do not spread the
paste over too large a space.
poh spi'ead
;
the ointment very
ko-ieh ju poh-
thin.
;
jun hui ; cleanse the humors and enrich the

blood. eng ciii khu jun i take v?ater and ;
Yet ; then ; a particle con-
126
moisten it. min ctah lai hong-jun cSi his ;
ju
face has become very florid. i kai sek sira si Ifo 719firming or ending off.
jun-cek its color is very fresh.
;
u lo ciii lai ju i"; that is all. put kue cie°-se" ju T; only
this and nothing more. siang 6i si cie^-se" j4
CU-jun i, i koi toa if the dew moistens it, it
;
will i^-i"; the utmost that I can do is this. ju-

grow quickly. m
chia"; furthermore. i
ju-chia" pat ji more- ;
over, he does not understand letters. chong
m jun
288
tough as cowhide.
130
Tough.
ang gu-phue hie° jun as
3
nek jun cJli, pu lai bue
;
hu-ko ju khu had been along there, ci ku ue
;
chong ho ju lai ? Whence came this phrase ?

Id chong ho ju cai ? How then have you become
mi"; the meat is very tough, and cooking has aware of this ? chong ho ju 6i ? Whence
not made it soft, kun h\vn-lio jun the sinews ;
then came the power ? chong ho ju pat ?
are still tough. How could he have known ?
Bn jun 169 The intercalary month. -^1 jA ^
In disorder ; out of place in ;
1^^ 302 4 jun gueli the intercalary

; pyL 570 12 confusion.
month. me"
jun sa" gueh a si jun si
ni si thau-mo" ju-ju hair unkempt, ti-hng ju the
; ;
gueh ? month or the fourth,

Is it the third place is in disorder. pi" ju, khu siu tit; your
that occurs twice next year ? sa° ni cek jun ;
cue is all in a tangle, go and comb it. i td iA
there is an intercalary month once in three ta"; he is talking wildly. ham i mai" ju cp ;
years. ngo ni cai jun ;

these five years have tell him not to act disorderly. mai" much jA ;
two intercalary months. do not disarrange it. si khut i 16ng-ju it has ;
been disarranged by his meddling with it. sim

— j^ — jn ;
the mind disturbed. cp-ni pang i td jii
?
Why have you let it get into a tangle ? sua'

162 i kai ke
ju at hand; proximate.
Near; ju-ju the thread is all in a tangle.
;
721 len ji^ thwn mia"; celebrated

14 lai ju-ju chah-chah her house is all in confu-
;
far and near. hia ju kui sim ; in remote and sion. pua"-ua" pai kau ju-ju the dishes are ;
in neighboring places, all hearts turn to him. laid in a disorderly manner. bp ihku. bd sii,
kue ni to ju ; the end of the year is at hand. ju-ju ; no clue to it in the midst of the tangle.
210 DICTIONABY OF THB SWATOW DIALECT.
Whichever way you please ;

jvvn 9
W.V 631 12
nutritioas.
pui-ju bQe h(5 ;
suit yourself ; either will do;
t)88 7
ciah pui-ju ; should not yet eat rich food, eng when you like. sui-jwn cp to lip almost any ;
khie" pui-ju a mien ? Is it necessary to abstain way will do. n6 sa° tio lo cek ie°, lu sui-jwa
from rich food ? bd pui b6 jQ ciah cp-ni Ci nl kla°; the roads are all alike, take whichever
h(5 chi a.-n6" ? With nothing nutritious to eat you please. i sieh i,
siii-jwn ta° i to tliia"; ho
how can I have milk wherewith to nourish is fond of her, and heeds whatever she
says.
the baby ?
— jwt —
'—^\ 89
jQ A
style, title, or name, taken
Gratified contented; delight-
1032 3 by educated people at about
;
~J
fifteen years of age, or at marriage. It was
iTL 1131 7 ed to please, ;
i kai sim he is delighted. to lai put-

hi-jwt
anciently taken at twenty.
;
i kai
jQ si sitn i thia" tieh
raueh ? What is his designation ? cun bQe jwt; displeased in his heart.
jfl
rTi-jwt when he heard it he was displeased,
c§ng chia" ka; I have not yet inquired your
;
honorable title, i ceng cp u jQ a bue ? Has he

khd-i" jwt mak ;
rather pleasing to the eye.
th<5i° tieh jwt niing kui mak ; the sight of it
yet taken his style ? ci kai ju si i tOa n&ng cp
kS.i this name is given him by the elders of gladdens the eye.
;
his family. — ka —
""^
ju 154 A
substitute ; a second. ka 18 To cut with shears.
* ka p6 cut
ka sa°-
721 5 put jfl ke no two prices. ; i 978 9 ;
cloth.
chwn bo ju sim ; he has no two minds about it. kho; to cut out clothing, cek ki ka-tp ; a pair
put ju sim not double minded.
;
of shears. ka-tp kia"; scissors. ka sin ang-
— jwn — kia"; cut out a paper doll,
flowers.
ka hue ; to cut out
ka cio ; cut out figures of birds,
jwn 120 To compile to edit. ka cdi- coi cut them evenly, i bp mih 6i sai
1^^ ; ;
'^^ 1026 13 jwn kai cu this is

cfa si sin ; ka-tp ;
she is not very handy with the shears.
a new edition. ci pang cu sng si
gu jwn k&i ;
this set of books ka 180 Glue; glatinoas jelly; viscid;

probably an imperial edi-
is
3G8 11 cohering,
tion, jwn lio cip cp cek png collate, and then ;
compile in one volume, chiu jwn kui cheh ; a gu phue ka ; glue made from cowhide. hfi
book made by hand a home-made book. ka-

ka glue made from fish.
; kim-leng ka; glue
;
kl kai siu to
made from the sea-bass, a-ka; a medical glue,
jwn ; compiled it myself. jwn ;
revise. made by boiling ass-skin seven days in the

water of the glue well of Shantung. ku ka,
jwn ^ Without method; at random; tek ka medical glues, made from tortoise
;
fil<_570^ 12
heedlessly. shells and from deer's horns. iig-meng ka ;
i ka"
jvvn cp ; he dare act without regard to clarified glue. ka-mi ; a cement used in
other people's rights or feelings. un ka fasten with glue. ka
jvvn cp ; sit joiner's work. ;
in a slouching attitude.
jvvn si'a ; write it un m tue the glue does not stick.
;
cia tieh
almost any way. hue ceng tia" tieh, i jvvn 6ng .sim-mih ka cia° hp lin ? What sort of glue
; before he
ji'ang was touched he bawled out. must be used in order to make this adhere ?
piig m hd jvvn ciah rice should not be eaten
; ie" ka; to melt glue. khph ka prepare glue, ;
•without regard to rule. hp jvvn ta°; ue m ka-liam sticky. ; eng kai bp ka-liam wholly ;
words should not be spoken at random. liah destitute of tenacity. jii ka,
su chak like ;
lio jvvn phah seized and beat him pu kau ne
;
letting the glue and varnish very adhesive. ;
the blows fall wherever ka-ka cook it to a jelly. ka chak siang tau
they might. ; ;
sticking like glue and varnish. ci kai ka

X^ll jw-n 9 However whatever; ; in what- hwn chun cu lut khu this glue will not hold ;
I-** 289 4 ever way. of seasons.
through a change
jwn thoi", thoi" m ki"; whatever effort I make in
looking, I cannot see it.
jwn sie", sie° m chut; ^^ ka 130 ka-ciah ; the back.
however much I cogitate, I cannnot think it i kai ka-ciah 5u; followed
out.
^5 609 5 tiie
jwn eng, eng in lio; however freely you on behind him. ka-ciah kut ; the back bone,
jwn ieh m
use it, you cannot use it all
up. tng min kaug i ta", mai" phiah ka-ciah 2,u ta";
tieh; can't guess it any way. jwn ta°, m thia"; tell it to him to his face, and not tell it of him
whatever I say he pays no heed to it. behind his back.
DTCTIONAUT OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 211
of sugar cane.
30 ka-saa ; to cough.
ka thiig; to press the juice out
ka took hold of his
chfu tui i kai
pi° ka kfn-kfn ;
429 ^ ka-sau pe"; a cough. oi ka-
queue and wrenched it tight.
ka huam ; a
Bau; coughs. tl ka-sau kai leh congh medi- ka cue ; an
criminal who is to be strangled.
;
cine, ka-sau khu thi'am cS,i ; coughs violently.

offense which merits strangling as a punish-
ca me" ka-sau cek me°; coughed all last night, ment.
ka-saa khu u tham a bo ? Do you raise phlegm
when you cough ? ka 64 To look for to seek.;
^ ^ 34 T mua°-ti-kp ka-chiie i
sought ;
ka-chng The rump. him everywhere, ka kau

chue tieh ; e-kiaa cia"
681 to spank.
phah ka-chng ;
looked for it until afternoon, and then found it.
ka-sut A clamp a staple. ;
ka thang-jit, ka m tieh i kai nang; searched for
372 ka-sut khak soi, m-hp him throughout the day, but could not find him.
so the 'staple
;
is too small and it cannot be
locked. fcî ka 64 To stir around with an im-
X^L 371 20 plement.
Bi
Bome.
ka-ki Self.
ua ka-ki tl I myself have
1031
lu ka-ki khu khieh go yourself and get
ka-ki kio lia ta"; he told me so himself,
i
;
;
hp ka kau
are evenly mixed,
What
ka
cû-cau ; stir it till the ingredients
tieh
shall I take to stir it with ?
i ie"; stir the sugar till it melts. ka long-
cang sim-mueh lai ka?
thng tieh
it.
ka-ki p-lp ka-ki praises himself, ka-ki sph cp

; long cu chueh loh khu stir it up so that the ;
ho he himself mistakenly supposed it v?as

; ingredients are evenly mixed, and then sup it
well. eng lu ka-kl ktii hp use your own. ;
down. cang ki tu ka thiara-thiam take a ;
i ka-ki cai sio-li mhe is not ashamed of him- ; chopstick and stir it very hard.
m
self, i si ka-ki hai ka-ki he injures himself. ;
•Jjîi ka 75 To revise ; to try the accu-

ka-cau A flea. TX 373
racyof.^
T
ka
_ ka-cau thio cau khu; the
i3^
_ 953 khau-ka; to adjust.
what
koi-ka to revise.
has already been corrected,
;
flea jumped away. hu toi u kai ka-cau to cVd° kue kai ;
ka kai ie"; it seems as if there were a flea bit- khut nang tit-cp tieh rli kio i koi-ka; when
ing me. ka-cau bp niSa" liah m tieh ; without wronged he did not seek redress. ka-ae ; an
officer of the city gates.
spittle fleas cannot be caught.
ka-thi A sneeze. 159 To measure strength ; to

ka
880 phah ka-thi to sneeze, ;
372
6 compare; to try the worth of.
cek lien phah ku-a kai ka-thi sneezed several ;
ka Clin test the accm-acy.
; pi'-ka to argue ;
times in succession. the point, ci no nang lai pi'-ka, si ci kai nang
jii keng
6i comparing the two persons, this
;
ka-nng The whole, entire, round, one is the more able. ka thoi" ciin a rri cun ;
267 said of fruits and roun-

compare and see whether it agrees with the
dish objects. ka-nng kai a whole one. ka- ; measure.
nng thun loh khu, min po swallow it whole, ;
and do not chew it. khut i lin cho cu ka-nng ^^ ka 85 A creek, canal, or small
thun loh khu he dipped it in vinegar and then
; i@ 372 10 channel, servicable at high
Bwallowed it whole. ka-nng kp khut i pu, tides.
mai" coih boil it whole, do not slice it up.
;
cia cun oi jip ka a boi ? Can this boat go into
ka-nng kai lai ka c\a° u. bi bite into a whole ;
the creek ? ka teng kai ciii chien, tieh pph
one and then it will show its flavour. ka-nng soi cun cia° oi tit jip the water in the creek is
;
liap loh khu, mai° peh chui put it in whole, ; shallow, and we must transfer our cargo to a
do not break it in pieces. small boat so that we can go in.
ka 120 To twist with a windlass to

t>r>
369 6 turn, as by a windlass to ;
;
^^
"jyv
ka
372
To teach ; to show how ;
66
tenets ; a sect ; a part,
7
twist to wrench. ; ka i kin twist it tight. ;
ka-hue ; to instruct, ka-hun ; to indoctrinate,
ce ka khah toa lak cu tng if you wrench it ;
ka si to enlighten ; to show how. ka ue to
; ;
too forcibly, it will break. i kai sph ka lai lo instruct in a language, ka cu; to teach school,
hd his ropes are well made, sa" tio ka cp cek
;
ka sia ji ; to teach penmanship, ka ue much ;
tio ; twist the three strands into one. ka cia ; teach drawing, ka bii ;
teach military tactics.
212 DICTlONARr OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
ka keng-ci"; teach archery. kk khun ; teach tag; so tough that I cannot bite it in two.
it is
kk 16 ko ; ka CO u5 k6 bite it apart. i k&i khf ka ki'a-
boxing, ka ke-hue ; teach fencing, ;
teacli drumming, ka khek ; teach the singing kin, tieh kxo khui his teeth are clenched, and
;
of ballads. kii lii° ku; teach how to play on we must pry them apart. ka-gS chiet-chi ;
stringed instruments. ka hi teach how to ; gnash the teeth. tng kua" min c6i° khu ka i ;
perform in a theatre. i kai ka lai slen m right there before the face of the magistrate,
huap; this is not taught in the best way. ka wrongly involved him in the crime.
tQ-li instruct in doctrine.
; cang pfig chl toa,
cang chue ka giiu ; make him grow by feeding
— ka" —
him with rice, and make him wise by using
the ferule on him. lu kai toa mia" ua bQe cSng
chiV ka
6i° si lAi ci
have not yet asked your name.
;
I
when you have leisure come
kk ce
m ka"
3116
ka"; the coolie orange.
76 Oranges.
c€k liap ka"j an orange. Boh
cie ka"; an orange
; with a thin loose peel. phong-thang ka"; a
here and discourse. i kh
nftiig tfti-khai large sweet orange with a loose porous peel,
bI kk n^ng cp-ni ? In a general way, what ka'
blt-thang ka"; a small sweet orange.
is it that he teaches people to believe in ? hut
phiie mki" tak-niig, khieh khu 16 ; do not waste
ka; sek ka; Buddhism. tfiu kajTaouisra. the orange peel, take it and pickle it. ci
hiie-hueka; Mohammedanism. juka; Con- k&i ka" kio iia phoi pare this orange for me.
;
fuciani.sm. thien-cu ka; Roman Catholicism, an orange apart and

pell kai ka" lai ciah; pick
la-so ka; Protestant Christianity, thwn kakdi eat it. ka"-hng; an orange garden, tiah ka";
Bin-se"; a teacher who promulgates doctrines,
gather the oranges. k6 k&i nftng cwn id liah
cfa si ka-fu hueone of their disciples.
;
this is tlo ka"-th&ng ; hire a man especially for picking
cicek ui si ka-su; this is a learned teacher in the caterpillars off the orange trees. cia mna'
that religion, hd c6k ui si gua kok k&i ka-sii ; si ka°-kfa"; these are dwarf oranges. cfa ka
that is a foreign missionary, ka cu k&i cu-ce ; khah che", bue sek these oranges are too green,
;
a schoolroom. tOk chut kh gua to expel from ;

they are not yet ripe. cia kit si ciap ka" kki,
a sect or party. ci kai si sin lai jlp ka kfti ; c\a" &i tiam ; there limes are grafted on an
this is one who has lately entered the sect,
orange and that is what makes them sweet.
kii-hiie xi
jieh coi k3,i ? How many sepamt*
organizations are there of that sect P ka-tng ; ka"-na The olive.
a chapel. ka iSi vi jleh coi n&ng ? How many 'Cd m/S cek c&ng ka"-nA chla ;
312
members are there in the sect ? cfa si cia" ka an olive tree. k^m cf'k liap ka"-na t6 chiii }
m si sia ka; this is moral, not immoral teaching,
holding an olive in her mouth. nin hie"-W
ka b6 ka niing m-h<5 aim
ceng ii jieh c6i ka"-na? In your village how
to si ai° nftng h<5, ;
its
is to teach people to do well, not to teach them
many olives have been planted ? cie" ci" ka°-
to do evil. i ka cek kiie cu pat, chong-meng na, 16h ci" kie"; a thing that rises in price by
c5i he is once shown how he knows, he is
being kept, as do olives, or one that diminishes
;
if
very intelligent, ci kai jwn ka, ka m pat, sira in price, as does ginger. ka"-na kiieh bo a
;
bI lu-tfin this one, however much you teach
;
cap shaped like half an olive.
him, does not learn, he exceedingly stupid. is
\Sa si
displeased.
ka
tt
lu mai" khi
lu, ih
teaching you, not scolding you, so do not be

si I am
jieh coi ka-miig ? How many

me° 1^, ;
m ka"
312
66
8
presuming,
To dare
m ka" tng ; dare not undertake it. lia ka"

;
to venture on
m
;
adherents have they ? ti-tiang t<5 cu ci kai cie".se"; I dare not do thus. i co-ni ka" hie",
ka ? Who is the head man of this sect ? chia" se" ? How dare he do thus ? lu e tng ka" mg ?
i lai ka cu-i"; invite him to come and teach in Are you ever going to do so any more ? i ka"
the college. cf kai sai-kia" ka chut lai ciang- CO, ka" ui he dare do anything.
;
ci kai nang
lai u mia"-sek this apprentice will make a
; ka" se" ka" si ; this man is wholly fearless. ci
reputation for himself when he shall have been ksli Qe si i c\a" ka" ta"; this sort of talk only
throuofh his course of instruction. he dare indulge in. i io ka" ta", io nge tit he ;
is bold in speech, and resolute in action, n&ng

^\ ki 80 To bite to gnaw. ; ce m
t6 i cu ka" sng ; as soon as one is gone, he
1077 6 ka cek chiii bite off a mouth-
; sets himself boldly to playing. kua"-ka";
ful, ci ciah kau 6i ka nang a hoi ? Is this decided, iong-ka"; valiant, khi ka", khf ka";
dog apt to bite ? mai" khut ikS tieh ; don't how dare I do so ; I ought not to receive such
let him bite you. khak toi", ka m loh it is ;
an honor. hia, i c\a" ka", a Would notm !
so hard I can't bite into it. khah juu, ka m dare to do it, would be i c6 Iki in cu
! m
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DULECT. 213
ka°; as soon as he comes they will desist,

n&iig tli6 ka,° ciah ka" ta"; this man dare do
any sort of thing.
How dare I ?
cfa
U;i cp ka" ? via cKi tit ka" ?

bo nang ka"; none dare do it.
m
vttt
3-£
kah
632
162
7
Even
also,
kah su to m If; does not even attend to business,
;
still ; together; with j
kah khwn to bo; has not even a sample of it.

lu ka" ciali me? Will you venture to eat it ? kah lia <p rii-iii does not fear even me. kah
;
lu ka" thia" ua cu ho if you will venture to
; me"-kua to lai comes even in the night.
tTi kti", m
;
follow my advice, all will be well.

ka"; dare not presume to do so. ka"-ka" ne
walk up to boldly.
164 Leaven yeast.

ka" ;
;
m kah
356
The part under and between
130
the shoulder-blades.
koi"-kah ; the shoulder-blades.
6
ciiang tleh i
kai koi"-kah hit him on the shoulder-blade.
372 7 kliu boi cfu-pi'a" lai co ka"- ;
bp go and buy some cakes made from malfc

;
and make some yeast. khieh lai hwt ka"; kah 159 To contend.
j.^_
bring them for starting the yeast. ci'a si 1?^ 372 6 kah-tle"; a parade ground,
phu ka" kai ; these are raised with yeast. lu or area where troops are reviewed, iSi kah-
thoi" ka" phu a btie ; you look and see if the tle", gua kah-tie"; inner and outer parade
yeast is light yet. ci kai mi khah kiie ka"; grounds. sa" jit 5u ai° chut kah-tie"; after
this flour has too much yeast in it. ka" kiie ; three days there will be a review of troops.
leavened cakes, cooked by steaming. phu
ka", phu kau ngau-ngau raise them with ;
yeast, they are very puffy. ka"-cui m cok,

till ^^V
—I
^^^
217
^3 To fit
to correspond,
;
to match ; in unison ;
phu lai ill pha"; there is not enough yeast in I

ci ki yp-si kio i k&i gd-thau sie kah this key
them, and they are not raised so as to be ;
fitshis lock. kah i kai sin fits him. ka Ifti

spongy. phu khi lai khak toi", boi pha": ;
khah cie are too heavy, and kah sin it is cut to fit.
;
ne kah-kah ; just
ka'^-bp ; tliey
not at all porous : there is too little yeast in exactly enough, neither too much nor too little,
them. soi" lai kah-tau thoi" hd me first try it and ;
see if it fits when inserted. cia ke-hiie khut

i tu-tii kah eng this tool is just exactly ad-
ka" To carry in the mouth.
80 ;
199 kheh-cfo ka" cha; at right

8 apted to his use.
angles, as a magpie carries a stick. o-a ka"
chiu-ki khu cph tau
twigs to build a nest.
the crow is carrying
;
sek ki chue, khut kau

^^ yfTl.^
kah
307
140
10
To wrap up in ; to cover up.
kah phue to wrap up in a ;
ka" i tng-lai ; throw a stick and let the dog coverlet. i kah phue, kah kau sie-sie he ;
bring it back. i"-cfo si ka" th6 khu cph tau ;

is rolled up snugly in his coverlet. khieh
the swallow is carrying mud for her nest. ke nia phue lai kah get another coverlet to ;
put over him. thi"-si lo juah kah pin to cU

— kah — hp the weather is rather hot, and if you cover
;
the middle of the body that is enough. raai"

PR kah 102 Armor ;
a bard or scaly kah kah mi"; do not wrap up too closely,
I 355 1 covering; the first of the ten kah h'o cu hip tieh ; being wrapped up, was
stems a set of ten.
;
oppressed by heat. me"-si chin, a-si bo phtle
cng-kah finger nails. kha-kah toe nails,
; ;
kah, tieh khut i kua" si ; the nights are cold
cheng cien-kah wears armor, thih
;
knli ;
iron
and without a coverlet to wrap up in one
shields, kah; the scales of the pangolin,
lah-li
would be frozen to death. khieh kai hiu"
lien hwn kah be; a connected file of armored
chd-liak kah ce cu hp take a winter jacket ;
horses. pp kah kai su tieh jiu-cin kia" cia" and cover up slightly and that will do. i k&i
hp the tithing must be done honestly and
;
kha kah boi sie her feet are not warmed by
;
correctly. kah-tie" si kwn cap ke kai thau-

wrapping them up.
nang ; the chief of a tithing is the head man of
ten households. i si khue kah chut sin he is ;
a graduate who has earned, not bought, his '^t kah 30 A distributive adjective;
degree. kah it si sok bak the first and ;
t~| 426 ^ each, separate, apai't.
second of the ten stems, pertain to wood, cek kah nang kah nang tng khu i chu each re- ;
kah lia"; a set of ten rice bowls. boi no kah turned to his own house, kah nang kah nang
toa Ua"; buy two sets of large bowls. kai kien-sek; each has his own experience.
2U DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
kah 134 And ; together with. kai 44The set time a limit ; to ;
> 1125 8" 16 kah lia fo-pu lai kliA; 3G1 5 arrive at a time or place,
you go along with me. lu kali ua iii tang kai-khi ;
a set time. tui kai ; at the time ; a
kok you and I are not of the satno country.
; period recurring every twelve years, when the
i kah i k&i a-pe co-pu t6 he and his father ;
books are open at the yainun for the recording
are together. lia kah i bI tang se"; I am of of the names of persons who have transferred
the same surname as he. c{ le" kah hu Ie°, tl land paying taxes to government. kin-n!
Ie° ho? Of this sort and that, which is the tui kai this is the year for
; having sales of
better ? ci kai kah h\l kai co cgk-6 khieh khi; taxable land entered in the recorder's office,
take this and that together in one lot. hd lin kfii kai-cheh i"-keng kuah
cheng-clid, niu
kah Tii-hp good and bad, taken together. k[*
; cp-ni hwn-Ho lai chQe nie ? Our record of the
b6i ci kia° kah hu kia°; wishes to buy both transfer of the land is already entered in the
this sort and that sort. recorder's office, so why do you still come to us
to collect the taxes? kin-ni tiii kai-khi, n4n
JPlr^ kah 178 The sound of a ranltiindo
lai sin kuah chong-chp
ktli n!e tieh cai this ;
.'$—% 8 7 of voices.
is when the recorder opens his books
the year
kuh-kuh-klSn the sound of many babbling
;
and we must see to it that the sale of the field
tongues. nfliig-sia° kah-k/ih-kuii, thia" m hln; which renders its owner responsible for the
there was the sound of many voices, and I did
tax npon it, is recorded.
not hear distinctly.
— kai — kki 62 To
abstain ; to refrain from ;
^^ kai 149 What ought to be ;
fit ; jaat; J^khau360 to watch against; to warn,
8
&K 306 6 deserving ; necessary ; con- khi ;
to diet. chiet-chiet tieh kai i ci
venient. cuangsu; it is of the utmost importance that
b1 i kai kwn kai it is what ;
pertains to his he be warned against this. ci tie" si kai huu
functions. lia png kai tieh lai, hd nfti h6 tOa; k&i leh-hng; this sheet is a prescription for the
I shall have to come anyway, notwithstanding breaking off from opium. i
i"-keng kai-tng
the rain. cie''-se° si eng-kai, a m eng-kai r bun in he has already broken off from his
;
Is that what ho ought to do or not ? iS eng- opium habit. ciah ce, khi suah to fast and ;
kai cie''-so'' ih"] you should say thus. i cio"- avoid the destruction of animal chut kki
life,
se" si kai si; he is then deserving of death, tio; i.ssue prohibitory rules. kau-kai kia°-tl ;
kai khiam jieh coi ? How much does he justly caution the children. kai ciah ; abstain from
owe? Ble"-siu-hue, in kai cie°-se" cp; thought food ; to live sparingly, kai ciu ; abstain from
with regret that he ought not to have done wine, khi ca td ; abstain from t«a in the early
i kham-kai sue he deserves ill luck. h<5 keng-kai Su
thus. ; part of the day. n^ng ; deter
bI png eng-kai kai it is what he
; ought justly tiiose who come after. kai im ;
refrain from
to do. kham-kai tit tieh worthy to receive ;
vice. take orders as a priest or
siu kai ;
it. i xh kham-kai cle°-se"; he is not deserving nun. kai ci ; a finger ring, hinting the neces-
of it. ua kai hai° jieh coi ? How much ought sity of restraining anger. kai to to forbid ;
jii chu
I to pay ? i kai mia" kai his fate is ; gambling.
i kham-kai cie^-se"
just, si; he deserves death.
Phh 154 To present.

kai
A^
tnl.
140
kai
3U7
10
Covered ; to roof in
cover over,
to ;
X;^ 306 6 i kai ue ta" khA kai-kwt; kai-au ; a covered cup. khieh kki-an kua
what he said involves several meanings. c§k khu kham kai-au ; take the cover and cover
ku lie cu kai-kwt ; one sentence contains it all. the covered cup. kai-au kha ; a stand for a
ci kai jl kai-kwt ci kui kai \-su ; this letter covered cup. kai-kien psing-ok to build ;
contains these several references. houses. i ci kla° su, cia-kai m

mi"; as to his
106 affair, he did not keep it concealed. kai-ua";
'
Jffui kai All; alike; the whole of them.
a covered bowl. co kau kai-si cfti ; made very
p-1 358 4 nang-naiig kai cai they all
ci kai nang kai-.si ho this man is
;
secluded.
know. kai tang cek thoi we are all of the ;
;
a good protection. i kai

same i*ank. ku kai cSk ie°; all are alike, ceng pu si kai ci cek hie";
his wealth overtops all in this village. i kai
DSng kai tai hua°.hi; all are equally pleased.
pu si kai cek hii his wealth has no parallel in
;
kai 104 An intermittent or tertian this Department. lip kai kai-pang min cie";
-» 359 6 ague. i kai
ngiak si kai- put the best ones on top. thong hwn pp-kki ;
nglak J his ague is tertian. a canopy.

DICTIONARY OF THE SWATQW DIALECT. 215
kai 9 One who assists a waiter. kai 148 To transfer to another post.
//\. ;
3G0 4 th6i''-liehcu si lii-i)e"-teng kai 359 "6" i

teng khi-ngwn ;
he is the
'jJI
he appears to be a clown in a first among the ki^-jin graduates.
a-seng-kai ;
theatre. se''-lai kio kai a-seng-kai cgk ie"; he
naturally looks like a clown.

ÎH/
PTPC 360
^^^
7
— "^^ injunction;
warnings.
precepts;
kai 32 Dust. cap k{\i ;

the ten commandments. k{lu-kki ;
i^
^^ 1 14 i
ciu-jit to SI Qn tho, nua kai, injunctions.
ho kai mai° i cheng he is wallowing in the
dirt all day long, so do not dress him in any-
thine: that is nice.
;
m
kliieh
kai
307
75
11
To even
adjust,
ki tau-kai lai kai ; take the bushel
;
to level off ;
to
^ kai 142
361 ~4~ kap-kai
used in medicine,
A
red spotted lizard.
a lizard wîich is
khu boi cek tui kap-kai Itii
;
scraper and level off the measui-ed grain. lu
kai tau-kai tieh khia hd-hd cia" u ciin ; hold
your bushel scraper rightly and then there will
be fair measure given.
kap ieh ; go and buy a couple of lizards to
compound into medicines. toa"-toa" eng kap-
kai 106 A relative pronoun it forms ;
kai biie li jii-keng u klii-lak if only the tails ;

900 3 the and denotes
possessive
of the lizards are used there is much more the genetive.
power in the medicine. si xia kai a si lu kai ? Is it mine or yours ?
cia si lia kai cu this is my book. i si
tong-
kai 181 The top of the head. ;
"rgS kok kai nang he is a Chinaman.

; peh kai hd
IIIL/\ 309 14 thien-leng-kai the fontanel. ;
a ang kai hd ? Which are the better, the white
phah-phiia i kî thien-l^ng-kai ; broke his head.
ones or the red ones ? lu ai° spi kai a toa kai ?
The mustard Do you want small ones or large ones ? u kai ;
>^ kai
360
140
cek liapkki-ci; mustard seed,
plant.
there are some. si un ii kai that is what we
yl ~4"
have some of. ai" cie"-se" kai ie"; want that
;
pell kai-ci; kai-chaici; white mustard seed,

sort, lu tieh kio ua boi ho kfii you must buy
kai-luah prepared mustard.
;
lu ai" pvvn kai- ;
good ones for me. ua ai" t6i"-toi" kai ; I

luah, a si ai" pwn sa"-cham-cie'' ? Will you take
want solid ones. i kai thau thia"; he has
mustard, or mixed condiments?
headache. i kai clui to his house has fallen ;
kai 102 A frontier ;

li?uit ; boundary. down, i kai chiii li m hau", i kai sim hau"; he
361 talks as if he were unwilling, but in his heart
~4~ ti-kai ; boundary of lands,
he is not averse to it. i kai ue coi c3,i ; ho
teng ti-kai set a boundary, pin ci-ko ui kai ;
;
run the boundary line along here, cieh kai a is a great talker. in cai i kai i-su; do not
;
stone landmark. kau-kai kai ti-hng adjoin- ;

know the meaning of it. ua kS,i sim 13,i si sieh
kio i sie kiam-kai ; have the same 1 have an affection for him. i kai
a-pe bo
ing land.
i ;
line of boundary as he. cie"-se° u kai kai to his father is not at home.
;
toa kai soi kSi
hSng; thus there is a fixed limit. si-kai the ; 16ng-c6ng si chue i great and small all go to
;
world, kaichieh; a foot rule. him. kie kai co-bak-kang kai !A,i co call a ;
carpenter to come and make it. cia si ti-tiang

IJ-^ kai 1 ;
A mendicant
to ask alms. kai ? Whose is this ? i ai" sim-mih kai ?
•
J 307 khu
CO khut-kai ; he has be-
3 i What does he want ? si i kai a m si ? It is
come a beggar. u cek kai kliut-kai lai th(5 his, is it not ? cia si nang kai a si in kai ? Is
ciah ;
a beggar came to ask for something to this ours or theirs ? si un kai it belongs to ;
eat. tong kau khu co khut-kai lazy enough ; us. hxi tie" i" kai kha ai" cih ; the leg of that
to be brought to beggary. bench is about to break. ci koi" cliii kai e°
khah soi the roof- beams of this house are too
;
\JS kai 53 Rooms in a yamun. small. cili tieh i kai sin received his letter, ;
360 13 tang kong-kai, sai kong-kai ; lu hd thia" i kai ue ; you should heed wliat he
eastern or western public rooms in a yamun. i kai to-li chim ; its doctrines are deep,
says,
i kai se"-cheng hd his disposition is good.
X^
>/|
kai
360 2
9 To border on conterminous.
m kai-i bear no grudge,
;
i kai phue jun its rind is tough,
;
;
si-ceug kai
lia chwn b6 kai-i cia su
;
cam ; the hands of the clock.
I have not laid up ;
any grudge in this affair. i

siang teng kai-i ;
kai 9 One ;
a classifier of wide ap-
he is very resentful, kai to ho ili-hd cu kang ; 423 8 plication,
it is on the border land between
good and bad. cek kai a no kai ? Is there one or two ? k4i
t6a, kai s6i; one is large and the other small, y^^ kai 9 A letter whose shape is used
d kai li(5 a hu kai lip ? Which is <he better of I 423 1 as descriptive of other objects,
the two ? no kai ti kai toa ? Which of the kfti ji liu ;
the weeping willow. kfti ji tek ;
two is the larger. u kai nftng Jo? there is a the drooping bamboo.
person there. ci kai tlifiu kSi, hu kfti ji kai, — kak —
hti kai t6i° sa° kî ; this one is the first one,
kak 75 The long narrow slats that
tliat tlie second, and the other the third.
IS
-jt^
kiii kai kia°? How many children have you
? 'X^ 410 are laid in roofs,
7
? How heavy is tliis pai 6" teng kak ; lay the beams and nail on the
ci poh kai ngftn jieh tSng slats. cek tio kak; one of the narrow boards
hundred dollars ? kI lun nguii kfti, a t-I lun
in dollars, or in on which roof tiles are laid. kak ai" cp poiU
ngfin nie ? Is it to be reckoned
taeis ? ua ai" iu"-iu" kai kai ; I want a very fine
Imn kHu kfti ; I want roof slats that are eight
th6i° lieh k6i kfti h(5 ; they appear to rae tenths of an inch in thickness.
one.
to be every one of them good. kfti kfti to M kak 115
ki"; want
you every one of them. b6 kai ili ^^y Grains, corn, cereals.
i^JC 453 10 ngo-kak cii; ng6-kak b(5; the
there is not one that he does not know,
pat; ng6-kak hong-long; the grains
kio i Qa" kfti ; the one exchanged with him. god of grain.
are abundant.
chit kai poih si ngQ-cftp-lak ; seven times eight
are six.
fifty
u sa" no kai tla°; have only two kak A horn ; a corner ; a point ;
148
in cai ai" tl-kai do not know ""Â
or three. i
409 an angle ; a protuberance,
6
bo piia" kai
;
there are
/^4
which one he wants, ;
SI kak c6 si nftng ; four persons sat at the four
none at all. khieh ke kai pua" ; bring
Ifti
corners, i kfti kak ciam-ciam; its angles are
another plate. ta° Ifti fi kai to-li; what he cek kak bun-cu an official dis-
very sharp. ;
Bays has reason in it. chwn bo kfti le" c'io°.8e"; chii-kak-thftu ; a gable,
patch, gu-kak, ie'-
there is no such thing. cp kfti hp make a ;
kak, tek-kak cow's, ram's, and deer's horns,
;
mark, Oe kfti kho draw a circle, efa sa° kfti

;
sai-kak ; rhinoceros horn. 16ng-iang kak ;
write three letters, cek kiii kai si-sin ?
ji ; jit
stags' horns. m6ng-kak ; white horn, no kfti
How many hours in a day ? tk kfti chau ka''-cap kak chie-chie; wide spreading horns, kak pe";
bl some have the flavor of an orange. \i kfti
horn handles. si-kak ;
;
6a"-kak; triangular.
phang bl has a fragrant odor, khieh kfti kia"
;
quadrangular. ng6-kak ; pentangular. siu
lai iam ; take a magnifying glass and look
pang hu cek kak ; put them over in that corner,
through it, kua" kfti mak-kia"; wore spec- thi" pi", hai kak ; the ends of the earth, ch&ng
tacles, ii kfti
nftng-kheh Ifti ; a guest has come, kak ; the corner of a field. mai" ciiang tieh i"
phah kai chi'u-cak make a finger ring. ;
lii
kak ; do not run against the corner of the
cheng kiii kfti sa" ? How many tunics do you chair. ai" c6 poih kak a lak kak ? Do you
wear ? khieh kfti puah khu clip ;
take a pot to want it made eight or six sided ? poih-kak ;
put it in. lia u kfti tfa"-kia° h(5 cha I have a the star anise, a spice.
;
keng, siang, kak, ti,
small iron pan to fry it in, pftt kfti, xia H li, si ngo im ; the five tones of musical instru-
niui"; any other, is not what I want. ai° ci
ments. Bla mak kak thoi" i ; looked at him
kai I want this one. kfti phi" toa-toa kfti ; a i si kio i cle"
; out of the corner of her eyes.
very large nose. si ci kai, si hti kai m it is ;
jit
ii khau kak ; the other day they were
not this one, it is that one, khui kai miig ;
bickering,
made a door there, ang kai jit-thau lue" toa;
as large as the sun. ang kai hiie-hun-cun kak 147 To notice ;
to feel ;
to bi-ing
hie" tiig; as long as a steam-boat. i ai° mih 410 Is" to light,
kfti ? What does he want ? u kfti ii, ii kfti bp ;
put cai put kak cii lai ; came when none were
Bome have them, and some have not. si ti aware, lia ciig kai m cai iTi kak I was wholly ;
cek kfti ? Which one is it ? to mng kha ii unaware. hu kia" su hwt kak li'o that affair ;
kai nftng td khia; a man was standing by has come to light. liia, si lia sit kak chak ; it
the door, I who was oblivious. phu khi lai kak ci
phia°-li kp oi thia"; when
it comes on the pain
|-fl kai 30 With ; together

with ;
for, is right here in the ribs, cia si bp cai-kak kfti
|RJ 933 3 lia kai lu ta"; I will tell you mueh-kia"; this is a thing without sensibility,
about it, lia kfti lu cp kau hp-hp ; I will do it cu kak ii se-su khiin-kwn; am conscious of feel-
nicely for you. lu kfti ua pak lip you tie it ;
ing rather languid. cia si kak si kai fle ;
for me. ham i tleh kfti lia cu-sbi cp ; tell him these are words to enlighten the world, put
be must make it
painstakingly for me. kak cu kau ; came unexpectedly.
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. m
kak 80 Each; every; separate apart.
— kam —
t^t ;
worms.
"fx 426 8 kak nftng kak nftng khu ut ;
kara 142 Intestinal
each went by himself to bed. kak njiiig kak 262 kam-thS.ng; intestinal worms,
6
nang kai sii ;each has his own separate interests, sph SI i kai kam-thftng destroy the intestinal ;
kak nang kak nang kai hvvn-l(5 each has his ;

worms. tho cek tio kam-thftng chut lUi ;
own sorrows. ci hê kak nang m to ciah ;
at vomited up a worm. cf ie" ieh ho tl kam-
this moment every one is

eating. kak-kak thang ; this is a good vermifuge.
m sie
kak u
gift.
tang
so
;
each
chiang
ta° liii kak u cek sueh
each had his own meaning.
is
in speaking
kah chn kak
unlike the others. nang
each has his own special
;
^ kara
311
104 A disease
ing from bad treatment or
5
undigested food, kara-cek; pot-bellied, siang
of children, aris-
hp kai kara-cek-ieh ; an excellent vermifuge,

chu kai ue im; each place has its particular si kam-cek-pia", a si kam-cek-kp, a i-i kara-
dialect. kak ti-hng ia u every place has it.
cek-thng ? Is it worm medicine in lumps, ia
;
kak kok to u nilng kau ci'-kp ; every country i kai a-no" kam-cek
kak hie" to lozenges, or in powder ?
has its representatives here.
huara-ngan tSng c3,i her child has worms so
every village knows him.
;
pat i ke lai
badly as to produce indistinctness of vision,
;
kak su SI i kwn all the different sorts of i si se" cau be gd-kam ;

ge-kam ; a gum-boil.
;
affairs in the household, are under her con-

he has the galloping canker sore mouth.
trol, kak khwn kak khwn hun-piet ; dis-
tinguish between the different sorts. kak EJ-^ kara 108 A
jail ; a prison.
nang kak cip ka-ki kai i ; each held to his _lTrl^ 387 9 liah khu siu kara ;
seize and
own opinion. i si cp-pu ciah a si kak nang
imprison. How long
to kara lS.i ah jieh kii ?
kak using ciah ? Do they eat together or has he been kept in custody ? kim kam to ira-, ;
apart ? prison. ju to cp kam, cp 16 like being in a ;
dungeon. cau kara huam an escaped pri- ;
soner, pvvn kam to break out of prison,

;
>î^ kak 120 To congeal fixed to bind

thi-lp kah kim-ci si kvvn kara kai ndng ; the
; ;
/ppl 376 6 by agreement, sheriff and the turnkey are those who control
ciii kak co pia°-sng, kak kau toi° ho phau be ;
the jail. tieh u cek kai nang \6 kara i c6 ;
water freezes into ice so hard that hor.ses may there must be one person to force him to do it.
race upon it. kak sio-bak close up an ac- ;
kam lira kua"; the overseer of tlie prison.
count. Bio-bak kak cheng-chp the account is ;
settled. kak via" a hue ? Is the case closed -I-I* kara 99 Sweet; grateful; agreeable
yet ? i he has not yet finished it
hue lio-kak 310 to the taste or feelings,
;
\A
up. kak-kiie i kai se^-mia"; put an end to his ci ie" hi lokara ; this flavor is more agreeable,
life. kak-kek ho me ? Are the results good ? ciah tieh au toi 6i kam chui hue oi toa kam ; ;
kau kak-bue si cp-ui ? In the end what will it leaves a pleasant taste in the mouth. cia si
come of it ? kau-kak hiii^-lui ; leagued kam-kam kai ; this is a very sweet one. ciali
rascals. kam-kam
tieh ;
it tastes delicious. hp-hp kai
ho kie-cp kam-lim ;
a refreshing rain is called
kak 1 To to throw, to cast
a timely rain. i m kam pun nang he is not; ;
fling,
i ai° khu, lia m
909 5 away, pleased to let us have it.
k&k mak ci"; to cast a glance at; to ogle, mak- kam khut i khu ; he wants to go, but I am un-
ci" ce kak i cu cai; when she glanced at him he willing to part with him. kho cin, kara lai ;
understood, kak tio to fling aside, kak loh ;
when the bitter is exhausted, the sweetness
throw into the water. comes. soi" kho 5u kam first the bitter then
cui ;
it ;
the sweet. ku kara kit; a voluntary agree-

ment. cie"-se° i si la kam sim ; thus he is
kS,k 64 To throw at; to cast missiles. resigned to death. cia si i kam-sim cheng-
395 18 kak kau i hueh lau hueh tih; ngvvn kai ;
this is what he voluntarily does,
stoned him till the blood gushed out.
cang kam-chau ; liquorice. kara-chau hiia peh hi;
cieh khu kak kak
threw stones at
i, m tieh ; liquorice compounded with a hundred other
but did not hit him. khieh ke kp kak khu sorts of savory things, sieh kau kam phah m
kku, tu-tii kak tieh i kM thau-khak took an- ; i ; loved him so much she would not punish
other and threw it, and hit him exactly on him. i cp kam hai
nang ? How can he will-
the head. kak si; stone to death. kak ta"; ingly injure people ? i kam-ngvvn siu kho ;
miss the aim in throwing at. she is willing to undergo hardship.

218 DICTIONAET OF THE SVVATOW DIALECT.
kam
311
85
5
Water in which rice has
been scoured.
B^
nrl^
kam
387 9 to
108 To oversee; to superintend ;
inspect,
eng bi-kam-cui khii soi take rice water and
;
kam-tok to oversee.
; ka-kl td kam-tok ; he
wash it. cia ai" eng bf-kam-cui lai ci ; rice is himself superintending the job. sin-meng
water is to he used in mixing this. lu kai kam-chak the gods supervise.
; kam-seng si
sin-hun Hang, tieh ciah co bi'-kara-te, m h(5 to kok-cu-kiiin thak cu kai n&ng ; the national
ciah t$ hieh your system is depleted, and you
;
students are those who study in the National
must drink coffee made from browned rice, Academy. jip kam thak cu go to the Na- ;
you should not drink tea. tional Academy to study. khim-thien-kam si

lithien-bun kai kQ the Board of Astronomy
;
kam 61 To move the feelings ;

af-
regulates astronomical affairs. thai-kam
312 9
fectedby. si huang-ti kfti n6"-p6k ; the eunuchs are tho
kara-sia lii thank you.
;
kam lu k&i un ; ap- servants of the Emperor.
preciate your kindness. lia kai sim kftm-keh
cu ci; I am exceedingly grateful. kam-hiio kkra 167 A precedent ;
a speculum.
nftng kai sim ; stir the heart to repentance, 387 1a c6i" ku khd kam ; you can
i thia" tieh kai sim cu
kam-t6ng; when he heard see what you will come to by so doing, thoi"
it he was much moved. kam-m&n" huang kang kam consider
;
historical precedents. i
hS.ng affected by the weather.

; sie'-huang chtang thoi" thong kkm ; he considers pre-
teng kam ; his ailment relapsed. im iang kai cedents.
klu ce kau-k:im, cu hue-se" bwn miieh the ;
80 To hold inside the mouth
dual powers exerting a reciprocal influence, /^^ kilra
to hold ; to contain,
;
X—i 1C2 4
produce all things. ka,m-6ng sin sok ; bring kftm cSk chili ciii ; hold a mouthful of water
an appropriate recompense from the gods,
in the mouth, lii kai chiii k&m 8lra-mueh t6 ?
kam i k&i tek ; thankful for his goodness. What have you got in your mouth ? ci kla"
much thoi" tieh k&m ciii kftm cui ne, teng G
kam To cover to cover over.
140
t&ng; this seems to be saturated with water,
;
307 kia" kau phfle kam mi"-mi';

10
and weighs heavily. ci cek ki pit fo 6i k&m
so afraid that he hid himself under his coverlet,
b&k ; this pen holds the ink better. k&m pit
lu kS,i phue in-hd kam thiu kam hiah do not
cng bfik ka,i nftng ; one who follows literary
;
cover your head with your coverlet. kam Ho kim-kam sugar plums, chiii teng
khah hip tieh ; after covering up I was too hot. pursuits, ;
kam liap kim-k&m holding a sugar-plum in

ti cek kai kam thau
;
wore a veil, as in mourn-
his mouth.
;
ing, chin li khu kam phue if you are cold ; — kang —

go and get under the quilt.
kang 188 Toilsome; hard
Jftt difficult;
iW
-R
kam
573
32
7
To bury, without rites.
che''-uah liah khu kam;
^^ 382 if ship.
seize kang-kho distressing.
; kang-kho a boi ?
oi
and bury alive. kam to tho toi ; bury it in Is it difficult to do ? boi kang bbi kho not ;
the ground. k^m

chah ki mueli co ki-ho
li'o ; toilsome, sim
kang-lang; is very wearisome.
si
bury it, and insert something as a mark by c)e°-se" kang-kang kh6-kh6, hie"-se° cia° koi ;
which the spot may be identitied. i kai ci"- that is a very troublesome way of doing it, tho
iigun kam loh tho toi, b6 nang cai ;
buried other way would be easier, kang-siap bitter; ;
his money in the earth, where uo one knew of it. wretched, tieh oi kang-lang khak-kho cia" Si
tit ho ; if you can persevere against difficulties
^ 315
kam
;
4
32 A pit.
heng-kam; the chest, heng-
kam kut the breast bone. i teh sie" tieh
all will be well, kang-kho cph, khua"-uah ciah;
work hard and eat in comfort.
ta°; this is hard to say.
cia kang-kho
i si teng kang
tag khu
heng-kam he bore a burden so heavy as to
; chu ; he went home on account of domestic
injure his chest. a pain in sorrow. i si teng pe-kang a si teng bo-kang ?
heng-kam thia";
the chest. Is he in mourning for his father or his mother?
kam 76 To enjoy as the

gods do ; to kang 120 The large rope which binds
205 9 accept the fumes of sacrifice, 319 8 a net; a resti-aining bond;
lau-ia kam te ; the god enjoys the tea. lu pat a great principle.
th6i"-ki° iSu-ia kam ciu me ? Have you seen kang-mak a general outline.
; kang-kkm ;
the gods accept the wine ? annals. kang nia ; the leading points, sam
DlCTlONAltr OP TUE SWATOW DIALECT. 219
kang, ngo siang ;

the three duties and the five 1G9
kang AVliile ; during; in tho
relationships. co mih sfl lioh tl kang slang {
,Mj 381 i midst of.
in whatever one does the obligations of
morality siap-si-kang ;
a little while. siap-si-kang cu
must be remembered. lai in a little while he came.
;
hut-jien-kang
cu th6i''-ki"''; just then saw it.
cia" to ta" c^
48 Work labor workmen kang, i cu la.i just as wo were talking about
ikang
460
;
the day's work,

; ;
it, he came. i
;
ceng to khi-kang a in ceng?

kang-jin workmen. ; bak kang carpentery. ; Was ho there or not ? chi'a" i lai cp tong-
cieh kang ; stone-cutting, toa kang the work invite him to act as go-between,
;
kangnang;
of a master hand. soi kang ; the work of thi" kang kai mueh coi cai there are nu-
ti
;
untrained laborers. eng naiig to tok kang ; merous things in heaven and earth.
some one must superintend the work, i si siu jit-kang
li li .su, me"-kua li b6
ut, khah bua tieh attend- ;
kang-thau he is the one who bosses the job, or

;
ing to business during the day, then going
makes the contracts for the work. siu kaiig- without sleep at night, is too giinding. cek
hu lai CO take in work to do. i td co
;
kang- ni-kang, lî no hue comes twice a year. t5 ;
hu he is at work.
; co kang-hu kang-hu ; do lu lia cu kang to bp io-kin between you and ;
it in a workmanlike manner.
kang po ; me that is no great matter.
Board of Works. kang pang department ; of
works, in a yamun. hue-kang m.ason work, ;
kang-ehie"; an artizan. ceng tong kang a l\ The ten celestial cyclic

kang 51
bue ? work begun yet ? tiang-si heng
Is the I characters; to draw on one;
309
kang ? When is the work to begin ? kirn jit to offend against ;
resulting,
cia° khui kang they hare just begun the
; thien-kang phue ti-ci°; the cycle of ten accom-
work to-day. ke kai gueh cu cun kang; in panies the cycle of twelve. cap kang cii si
another month the work will be finished, kah, it, pia", teng, bo, ki, ke", sin, jim, kui :
chia" sai-pe ciah wn kang ci'u invite the mas- ;

kah sok bak, pia" teng si sok hue, bo ki si
it si
ter-workmen to drink wine on the completion sok tho, ke" sin si sok kira, jim kui si sok ciii;
of the work. klu' kang tiang-si la chi'a" i at ;
these are the names of the periods in the cycle
the commencement of the work they also of ten the first and second belong to wood,
:
receive an invitation to supper. kia" su ci the third and fourth to fire, the fifth and sixth
sim si hui kang ;
this has been a piece of work to earth, the seventh and eight to metals, and
costing a deal of labor. i si
phah kang kai the ninth and tenth to water. kah, pia", b5,
nang he is a laboring man.
; cek kai kang ke", jim, si sok iang,
it, teng, ki, sin, kui, si s6k
jieh coi ci°? What are the wages for a day's im; the third, fifth, seventh, and ninth,
first,
work ? tieh ii kiii kai kang it is a work of ; belong to the male principle in nature, and tbe
several days, kang ci"; wages, co me" kang ;
others to the female, cap kang kio cap-ji ti-ci"
do night work, si lun kang a si lun gueh ? Is phue-hah cu seng cp lak-cap kah-cu six revo- ;
the work done by the day or by the month ? lutions of the cycle of ten and five of the cycle
kang ko hired help.
; ko kang lai coh hire ;
of twelve, make the great cycle of sixty,
workmen to come and do it. kha kang ; tong-khi kang-khp to go to war. cia ciang-
;
skilled labor. co kang-hu lai tieh tong kang-khp ; this will in the future
nang a working ;
man. kang ji chut thau, bua cia" 15 u kau ;

lead to war. m
siang kang of no moment to ;
when a working man makes himself con- either of us. bp siang-kang ; of no conse-
epicuous, he gets ground down into the sem- quence, i thia" tieh bp siang bp kang he did ;
blance of an old ape. bo sim-mih kang-hu ;

not think it of any importance. cia kio lia
it is not very well put together. i kai kang- sim-mih siang kang ? What is this to me ? u
hu 10 ho his work is well put together.
; cia lia bp kang ; it does not concern me. i si to
kang-hu bo eng; this sort of work is of no use. m kang-hiu"; he will die sooner than cease, i
81 ai° CO tng
kang a si ai" co to cam ? Is the cong-kii iTi
kheng kang-hiu"; he will never stop,
situation to be a permanent or a temporary hui kang ki su mok lau sim ; it was not my
one ? ni kang an engagement by the year,
; doing and does not affect me. cek kang nang
kang-hu cp work is done in a
lai cho ;
this long-cdng lai; the whole lot of them came,
slovenly fashion. cam kang needlework. ;
cia kio ua bo kang-,siap this does not concern ;
€ng sim-mih kang thia° ? How much work is me. lu ai" jiak kang ? How much do you
it ? tieh lai cp ca kang must come to work ;
want ? ci kai si cp kang-ceng kai nang ; this
early, i ai"
cp siang kang he will do the best ;
is the witness. cia kio lia bp kang hi"; this
BOrt of work. does not affect me. ua bp kang u ci kia" su ;
do with this matter. achievement. tieh c\e°-se" eng cia" si en

kang
I have nothing to Iftng-
banisters, ui Iftng-kang; surround with huap expend your strengh thus and that w ill
kang ;
;
kak nftn g
a balusti'ade. be according to the right method.
gng kak nang kai kang; let each use his own
kang 18 Unyielding; inflexible; firm; ci le" nu kai kang-iak toa; the
strength.
y
Jll 318 now; in music, a sharp tone,
8
eOicacy of this is great. cxo"-.si khun cSi, b6
i kui Be" khah kang; his disposition is too is much exhausted and does
eng kang; very
i kai 86"-cheng sim nl kang-c\a";
unyielding. not exert himself.
i
his disposition is very resolutely upright.
kai ue u kang u jiu ; what ho says is both firm Y''T' kang 85 A river.
and gentle. d
kai 6i kang 6i jln ; this is f. 1^ 362 8 chiang kang, tfti hd ; a long
sometimes hard and sometimes flexible, kang- and great river; the Yangtse. tang cun kue
ngS inflexible, cgk nftng khah kang-ng6,
cek crossed the river in the same boat. st
; kang ;
nfing khah jin-jiak the one is too unyielding,

;
png-tl nang a si gua-kang nang?
Are they
and the other is too yielding. kang-khlang ; natives or foreigners ? cp gQa kang hi per- ;
lia kang-kang cia° kû

resolute, determined, ;
forming plays, using the dialect of another
I just now came. i t<5 hong kim kang keng; ai° cie'-se" li" le h&ang-ti kai kang
province.
he is reciting Buddhist chants in a high key. sua", mng bwn-bwn ni 16; be as you .say,
if it
then the empire is i si cau kang

everlasting.
kang
311
^
10
Exhausted; dry; all gone;
cured by drying; adopted
6 kai nAug ; he is a great traveller ; a trader
cia si iau-kang-6 ; this i»
going to all parts.
by a sworn contract. an old traveller one who knows a ruse.
;
eau kau kang-kang ceng-cSng swept out clean ;
BO that none remains. boi kang-ceng 16 all 88 Crafty ; plotting; clandestine.

;
4fi^ kang
sold out. phak kang; dried in the sun. !a\ 381 8 kang-ck; fraudulent. kang
khleh kliu jtt-teng sai-kang; put it to dry chin ; a treacherous vjis.sal. liiu-kang ; artful.
in the sun. sang kang 16i ; make a present ph5i° kang tarig; bring to trial a ti-aitorou»
of dried fruits. khah kang-chau ; too much cabal, tong i kai kang koi; fell into his snare,
dried up. i
pai i c6 kang pe ; he treats
him ngiam liah hhng kang ; strictly put under arrest
as his adopted father. 16 teng ciah kang nie ; all those who are disaffected. ci kai nang
kia
dry provisions eaten when travelling. kang kau ; this is a designing person. kang
hng lo tieh cai toa kang nie ; in making long chak; a villain, kang-kha; crafty, kang-kut ;
journeys one must take dried provisions. wily. liah tieh cek kai kang-s6i ; caught an
eaves-dropper.
88 Illicit intercourse, as adul-
kang
^^^ 381 6 tery, rape, and incest. V"l kang J22 A large star, or the god
m kang-im thou shalt not commit adultery.
h(5 ;
ll^ 319 5 who lives in it; the Buddh-
i ceng kang nang kai hu-nng; he has debauched ists reckon thirty -six large stars, including
women, si khlang kang a si hua kang ? Was those which form the bowl of the dipper, sa"-
it rape or seduction ? i si kio nang thong the thirty-six large stars,
cap-iak thien-kang ;
kang; she has held criminal intercourse with i hne-hng-teng p5 kang, tab tau ; he is in
t6
some one. kfa^-jit si'm c6k kla° kang-chdng the garden practising ueci'omancy iu order to
kai ua°, kai kang-hu phah li'o ke chut lai to- ; influence the stars.
day a case of adultery was tried, and the
criminal was beaten and put in the cangue. kang 85 A rivulet iu a gorge.
iukang; to seduce. kang-kiiai nang kai cu- _. ^ 387 12 sang p6i" si sua", tin-tang
nie ;
commit rape.
koih cek tio ciii, kie-co kang a stream that is ;
shut in between two hills is called a runnel.

T^fl kang 19 Hard work; diligence;
'i/V 460 3 efficacy; virtue. kang 149 To converse ; to speak ; to
i t<5 eng kang; he is industrious. i k&i kang- 363 10 narrate to discourse ex-
; ;
hu sun cai his labors are unintermitting.

; planation talk. ;
eng kang ai" u huang huap cia° boi sie"; in SI kang cu li a si kang much li ? Is he d is-
exerting one's self there must be method and coursing of literature or of practical affair s ?
then no harm will be done. u kai khue thia" kang sim-mih to-H ? What doctrine does ho
sun-sun lai eng kang, cu tia"-tieh u kong-hau ; preach ? ci kai siu-se° bo mih kang-kiu ; this
if when there is a job of work on hand, there teacher does not explain much. i toa"
pat
be unceasing diligence, there will certainly be kang-kitt ciah, kang-kiu cheng tia°-tla°, c ia"-
DlCtlONAR? OF TflE SwATOW DIALECT. m
keng kai io-H i chwn boi kang-kiu piia" li he ;
another. chut kang emerge from the canal, ;
can discuss only what pertains to food and jipkang enter the canal, or harbour.
; png
clothing, correct principles he cannot discourse kang cun a native boat.
; gua kang lai kfti
upon at alh i si to kang ko a lie is narrating ;
cun; a foreign boat, kak kang kai hue-miieh ;
old stories; is talking about old times, lu niai° goods from every port. cia si tl cek kdng
to kang ko do not talk irrelevantly.
;
niai" t<5 mng kai ? From what poi't is this brought r
kang ko cu do not talk about what is remote
; ngp tieh huang, me''-me" sia jip kang met ;
from the subject; do not beat about the bush, with wind and hastily ran into a harbour.
i kiu n^ng kang li, la-sl m kang li, nang cii m
kang 75 Slips of paper; visiting
su-hok he gives his reasons for it, if he did
; *^CT^
not people would not acquiesce in his ruling /TV 384 5 cards,
hua the two cu kang in a seal for stamping letters. cfek
them. jl ke clu'a" nang kang
;
;
invite some one to arbitrate between them, nS,ng to li cu-kang one of them is attending
;
to the sending of letters.

kang hua j
treat of peace; propose a settlement,
to expouiid. ci'a chia" mai" kang ;
kang-koi ;
kang 197 Soap.
do not let us talk about this. i chut ohiji
385 12 hwn-kang ; foreign soap,
cu kang cho; he talks in a coarse fashion, boi ko hwn-kang lai soi sa°; buy a piece of
m-hp kang cho, lo-cho me" nang do not use ;
soap to wash clothes with.
obscene words when scolding people. mai°
thia" i kang tang, kang sai do not heed his ;
kang 61 Affairs ;
to attend to busi-
carping at this and at that. i
kang lai sim si 313 10 ness capable, ;
thong-thiet; his speech is to the point. ii sim-mih kong kang ? Is there any public
business ? lu kai ke kau ci-kp lai u sim-mih
118 concise to
"^^ kang Terse, brief, ;
kui kang ? On what business does Your Ex-
|MJ 384 12 condense. via lai kang cek kia° su Ho
cellency come ? ;-
i kai eng-to kang-se"; his expenditures are

I'o
I have attended to one matter of business al.
less. i kiii ku ue ta" khu kang his sentences ; lia thoi" i kang m khii; I do not think
ready,
were tersely put. ia iTi-hp khah kang neither ; he can manage it. bp cek kia" su i kang tit
it is well to be too laconic. cia khah kang
lai li there is no sort of thing that he can do.
;
bwn this is too blunt and discourteous I fear

; ;
i mih su jvvn kang ; he is very careless in the
you will deem me rude. cm si kang khueh, a transaction of business. ci kai nang Idng-
si hwn khueh ? Does this require prolonged
kang; this person has fine executive ability,
labor or not ? ta" kang ce be concise.
; ci'a tieh u chai-kang hue cia" cp tit lai there ;
must be some capable person for this, then it

62 Entire
)^he kang
; complete. i bp chai bp kang; he has no
77 T ce khu cu kang ni kii if he may be done.
;
executive ability. ai" chue kai cp su, boi
goes will be gone a whole year. cp kang
ko gueh, hwn-lio hue h6 has been at it a theng kang kai cie ; as for finding some one
;
who is not careless in the transaction of busi-
whole month and it is not jêt finished. ce co
i chwn bp
ness, there are few such. theng
cQ CO kang jit if he sits down he will sit all in a loose way.
kang he never manages things
;
;
day. kai gueh thang kang choi° ngun

leng-kang kai che-hiah a clever
;
kang-che si ;
earned as much as a thousand dollars in a constable is one who has much executive ability,
month. cek cS,i u kang bwn ta"; there were
kang-wn si leng-kang kai kua°-wn a capable ;
fully ten thousand piculs in the load. i I3i

officer is one who has much executive ability,
gng kang peh nang; they employ at least a toa leng-kang ; great capacity for affairs.
hundred men.
169 A triangular truncheon, or ^^ kang 62 To join battle ;
hostilities ;
kang
387 l2^ 45 12 an affray,
heavy rapier.
i chut cien to si eng sang kang when they go ;
kang i m
tit kue a kang Did he get the kiie ?
forth to battle, they always use a pair of trun- better of him in the fray or not ? cia lai kio
cheons, i kai kang mong lai hd cSi he ;

i
kang kau teng td khu will fight with him ;
brandishes his truncheons with fine effect. tillthe tower falls will continue the quarrel
;
to the bitter end and never give in. kim-kng

Streams canals ; channels
85 sie phah, toa kang a racket like that the gods
kang ; ;
^ __ 364 in a stream,
9 of the city would make were they fighting.
kang mng ; the entrance to a channel. kang kio i tai kang cek tie"; had a tremendous battle
khau ; the point where one stream empties
into with them.
222 DICTIONARY OF tHE SWATOW DIAtECT.
kang 149 To point out the right of a

lu kSng i tk' a b6 ? Did you tell him this or
fi
to remonstrate to not kang i cp-pu ciah cO b6 keng iu eating

?
386 9 thing ; ;
;
with him there is no good fellowship.

to advise.
protest;
kang kua" kang chin counselors of state,
; ;
tl — kap —
had friends who
phSng-iu hue kui-kang
i
advised hira. i
;
tng min cu tit kang; he re-

ikfl^ kap 142 A lizard.
iHpl 428 6 a spotted lizard.
monstrated with him to his face. u n^ng kap-kai ;
a tree-toad.
kang-ci i ; some one stopped him by remon- pp-cie-kap ;
strance, i kh6-kh6 kang-cd he put a stop to ;
kap 196 Doves domestic pigeons.

it by giving unpalatable advice.
;
cang put 428 6
peh-kap pigeons, peh-kap
BU Ifti kong kang; give reproof by innuendo, ;
pie a lottery,
; teh p^h-kap pie buy a lottery
cia cu si i cia° ka° kang ; this is something
;
that he dare straightly protest against. cia

ticket, peh-kap pie kim tit c6h me ? Has the
tieh m kii sin ke cia° ka° kkng ; in order to
prohibition of lotteries been effective ?
protest against this one

must be regardless of
his personal interests. jlm kang lu thia";
,^^ kap 80 To join ;
to unit© ;
to close ;
c6i" i''-keng th&i

PI 217 8 joint.
heedless of remonstrances. tit buaa kap m
bua? Do they fit in to
kap
kue kui kai kang-chin formerly slaughtered
;
each other so as to join or not? kap ieh to ;
several of the censors.
compound medicines. kap kong to pool ;
170 To descend from a high funds; joint stock, tang ci' kap png kai; joint
US; kkng
kap cp-pfi ciah to mess together,
Pp 364 6 level to come from the
;
capital.
toi-khiah kap-bua a hue? Is the crevasse in
;
sky; to degrade, the dike closed yet ?

loh khu descended. kkng se"; to be
kang ;
born, (said of a superior being). kang si ;

167 To bind, kap cu-cheh; to
^ftrT kap
descend into the world. kang 16h tho-tl ; W-4 904 2 bind books.
descended to earth. kkng khip lau jim to ;
kap cp cek png ; bind them into one volame.
degrade in rank but retain in office, ii
seng tt
kang; some were promoted and some degraded. kap-p6 A toad.
182 kap-p6 thio hiig sIm ku;
kkng 120 Deep red. after a long leap, the toad rests a
long time.
364 6 &ng l&i k&i sek fo kkng; kap-p6 thio k&i phun; a grave with a scalloped
the red was deeper. front.
~|-|^ kang 12 Collectively ; in all ; to sum kap 87 Connected, as a side chamber

^Hh^
^^ 464 4 up; to hold in common; .y^ 366 4 or recess,
the same. kap-pang cun a ship, co kap-pang; to char-
;
kang c6ng u jieh coi ? How many are there

teraship. tah kap-pang go by ship. kia' ;
altogether ? hah kang khiam ngun cek peh kap-pang be a sailor on board a ship.
;
Bgwn ; altogether we own a hundred dollars,

kang kbi ii jieh coi kang reckoning the whole
; kap 130 Puffy swollen. ;
how many days' work are there ? ci kai chiu 24 8 i kai

mak-kha-phue cp oi
si put kang tai thien ; this enemy cannot kap-kap ? Why is it that hia eye-lids are so
remain under the same heaven with me. n6 swollen ? i kî
kha-pua" ne kap-kap, kai mih
nang sie kang kai; held in common by the two. m4u°-pe''? The top of his foot is very much
a-pe si sie kang kai; they have the same father, puffed up, what is the matter with it ?
lii kio i si sie kang cek kai a-b(5 a si kak ntlng
kak n&ng kai ? Have you and he the same, or 30 Loquacious; talkative; to
k&p
t|j^
different mothers ? sie kang co ; sit together. ÎniL 218 10 chatter,
i lai kau kih-kih
]\i co-ui bo kio
i sie
kang ? do you not Why kap-k^p, ue tk" boi tit h'o ;
share it with him ? sie kang ciah ; to mess she came and chattered away as if she would
never stop. ki" tieh, h'-kwn kap ; began to
together.
chatter as soon as she saw him. hia ue to
kang 30 And, with, in common, to- si theng kap ; that is
thoughtless talk.
1^1 kSp-
|RJ 933^
3 gether. kap-kie the noise of many persons conversing,
;
i kang tia cp-pu lai he and I came together.

;
ka-ki kap-kap-kie ; chattering away to herself,
xnai" kang i khu ; do not go with him. cia ue li-li kap ; kept right on talking rapidly.
DICTIONAllY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT, 223
— kau — bue ceng kau-hong cu soi" caa ;

retreated be-
fore having joined in battle. kau-kwn boi
y»a kau 64 To get; to grasp; to lug- boi ; exchange of commodities. nfn thin i ii
/y 328 4 along, kau-siap a bo ? Are you on intimate terras
tarn iiang kliji kau i lai ; tell some one to go with them ? kau ngo-si a biie ? Is it eleven
and bring hi in here, lia lai khu kau i lai mUg; o'clock yet? kau kue p§h-l6 cu sng co poih
I will go and fetch him here to be questioned. after the White Dew it is the eighth
giieh ;
month, kau-tai cheng-chp delivered over the ;
kau-knah Something indistinctly kau-iu sim si khuah his relation-

full tale. ;
^? 369 seen in the distance ;

ships are of wide extent, ci kia" su kau-tai Iti
perplexed and unsettled. CO hand this business over to you for accom-
kau-kuah, lii cheng-cho vague and incomplete.
;
si ua kau-khut lu kai ; it is what

;
i kio i pit si u sim-mih kau-kuah there is plishment,

;
I delivered over to you. lu Ii kau ua, ua Ii
certainly some antagonism between them, sio-
kau i you delivered it over to me, and I
bak kau-kuah, m cheng the accounts are jug- ;
;
handed it over to him. ceng kau pua" a biie ?
gled, and remain unbalanced. cie" chiu kio e
chia kau-kuah, m cheng the foregoing and the
Is the cargo delivei'ed over yet ? put hu nang
;
kau thau ciap hi"; not allow people to puti
following are inconsistent with each other, and their heads together. u no kai sim kau kai
confusion arises from the lack of clearness.
pheng-iu ; has two congenial friends. si toa"
kau-koih Scurf grime. ;

cang sira kau-chap tia", bue pat hue min have ;
630 had mental communion only, not having yet

hang soi-ek, cek sin seen each other.
ceng-ceng kau-koih he seldom bathes, and his ;
whole body is covered with grime, soi cheng-

khih Ii'o hwn-lio u kau-koih bp kue ta" nang t=| kau 189
Elevated ; eminent; of high
|Vl| 324 degree; old; tall; advanced,
si tho CO kai having washed one's self clean,
;
one can still rub up the grime, so no wonder it lu io kau kien ; your opinion is of greater
value. i kai kien-sek pi nang lo kau his
is said that man is made from clay. hi'a kau- ;
koih rn tieh chiu cheng-khih ? Why do you experience is wider than that of others. kau
not scour off all the scurf ? se" toa mia"; your name and surname, lai kio
i ki" kai kau-ti ce come and see which can get
;
^
/> f
"^V 328
kau
2
cek pit kau-sio
20
;
To mark
hook
to cancel
on.
off;
an account.
to entice; to
si i
the better of the other in a contest.
ci hue kau-heng; it happens that he is just
now much elated.
ngp tieh
kau-thai si ke raise the ;
khu kau-i'n i was he who inveigled him

lai; it current price. chong-iang coih ii teng kau
here, i to co sim-mih kau tang ? What under- kai hong-sok ; it is customary to mount to high
hand job is he at? places on the ninth of the ninth month, kau-
kau-thong hiii" lui in ;
li siam Corean ginseng. tSi huam nang ai"

league with the conspirators. bun-cie" ai" ;
kau ko tiam ku this essay is to be punctuated,

; hiang kau ni to tieh u kai ie"; whoever wishes
kau-lau tieh i kai sim su made out what he ;
to live to great age, must have a plan in living,
had in his mind. ji-ke to kau-lau sira su ;
kau CO great great grandfather.
;
kau-lau ;
each is trying to make out what the other is a restaurant. kau-lau-kwn kai chai pi ciu-
plotting.
kwn kai io h(/ the fare at the restaurant is
;
better than that at the wine shop. ci kjli
^^
^^^
kau 8 To hand over to ;
to have sin-se" sim kau mia"; this teacher has a great
367 4 dealings with; intercourse ;
to name. i ce
peh cie" kau sua" cu mo" in ki"
blend ;
to communicate with ;
to join, pe° ti as soon as he mounts to a height he
;
kau-i"; an arm chair bo kio i kau-chap .

;
is unable to behold what is on the plain, nang
does not associate with him. ci''-ngun liSn sim put cok kau the heart of man is never
;
kau chiu money passes from hand to hand.

; satisfied with what ambition has attained, lu
tia kai so-si kau t(5 i chia kai chiu-tvvn pi i io kau your strength of arm
teng my key is in ; ;
his hands. seng-li kau-ek trade and barter, ;

is greater than his.
ikio i ii kau-cheug; they hold pleasant inter-
course with each other. i"-keng kio i coh kau; kau
167 A
hook ; a barb ; a fluke to ;
has already ceased from intercourse with him. ^l^ 328

4 hook.
to ci gua kau pheng chu I'u tieh ii sin ;
in for- tie" hu kai tie°-kau a hook to catch fish with,
;
ming friendships out here one has to exercise niang-tie" kau a hook to hold up a mosquito
;
faith. kau pue iia" cua°j the wedding cup. bar. kltleh ki tah-kau kdi i tah tia"; take a
224 DICTIONARY OF THI! SWATOW DIALKCT.
liook
teng
and hook it fast.
;
ii^k khu tio-pang kau
hang the meat on the hook.
kau ho tio muoh fasten up a hook to hang
;
pak kai
hu ce ciali ji cu khut i kau kfu to

m kau
329
dog to its food.
94
5
dog. A
kho kau khu ciah; call the
kau t<5 pui ; the dog is bark-
things on, ing, sua" kau wild dogs.
; si'o kau a mad ;
kp when the fish takes the bait; he is hooked

;
dog. b6 cii kai kau ; a dog without a master,
fast on it. kau chut Ifii hook it out. kau; hai-kau ; seals. hai-kau wen hd c6 ieh the ;
hi"; dig the wax out of the ear-passages. kau kindeys of seals are good for medicine. kau
kau hu tdi-ioi ko ; dig down to the bottom with hp ci'e" mng ; dogs are good to guard the house,
the hook. sie kau
hooked together.
;
kau- l^b kau ; hunting dogs. cf ciah kiu h6 phah
kau lien-lien; interlinked. nSu kau tka soh ; l&h ; this dog is a good hunter.
set a trap of liooks and ropes to la.sso some-
i ktli jl ngia cJli, ngun kau, thih ueh "If kau 5 Nine.
thing, ;
his letters are well made, with sharp curves and / lu413 1 kau-choi" kau-poh kau-c&p-
hold strokes, chie" nfik leng tl kai kau; at the kau nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-
;
end of the spear there was a hook. khut kau nine, kau-kau poih-cs1p-c3k nine times nine ;
tall kill to ko, b6i tit chut; it is hooked ou are eighty-one. m

kwn i sa"-kau jl-cfip-chit ;
tightly so it will not come off. hl°-kau an ; pay no attention to his reckoning. kau gueh
ear-ring of a hooked shape. chiu kau kie-cp ch6ng-Sang-coih ; the ninth day
of the ninth month is called the autumnal
m^\ kau 142 kau-leng; the dragon of festival. kau kui kai sng huap ; the rules
•^5^ 3G7 6 thickets and morasses ; a of arithmetic. kau kui kau l(i kau kau poih-
salamander. kau-leng pwn tio <I-hng; a cap-it kui tu; whether you divide by nine, or
drngon overturned the land. tang thi"-si khii subtract nine times, there are nine nines in
chim sua" teng kau-lSng ung; go in
li'u tio eighty-one. co kau n&ng pun; divide it equally
winter to the recesses of the mountains and among nine persons. kua° han-cp kau pin ;
dig up dragon's eggs, kau-leng si siang ll-h&i officials are divided into nine grades. cih cp
kfti much ; the land dragon is a most destruc- kau sia"; received nine tenths of it. thdi" tSeh
tive creature. kau-leng nng toa k&i fl kio kku kau sia" chi"; it appears to me that about
cho cek n5 cleh cui k&i ang hie" toa; a large nine tenths of it is untainted. kau hun h<5 ;
sized egg of a land dmgon is as large as a jar nine parts in ten are good, kau kui"; the nin©
that will liold one or two firkins of water. districts.
kau 75 Dry; withered; desire gone.

85 A ditch; a drain a sewer \pt
yjUg kau ; ;
]p^ 325 10 cie -si ciah lai kai min sek
ifl^ 328 10 a gutter. ko-kau'; his face is very thin lately. ko-kau ;
cui kau sak khu khieh ki much khu thfig i
;
attenuated forlorn looking. sfa lai kai pit
;
thong; the drain is clogged, get something iicli khah ko-kau, the strokes in the writing
and poke it open. kau lo pe thong-thong, are too fine and thin.
loh toa ho cia" boi cie" cui rake the drain free ;
from obstructions, and then when there is a The barberry.

"iXi Jfc&l kan-kf
heavy rain it will not overflow, ci chph chang TUTHJ 320 kau-kici;theseedsof the
mua-ti-kp kai kau-khut chim, ciii Qa" to m ui ; Uerberis lycium, used as a febrifuge. kau-ki
in these fields hereabouts the ditches and
chai; a plant whose leaves are edible, and are
ponds are deep, and there is no fear of danger used as greens. li ke choi" M mai" ciah kau-
from drought. ci ko u cek tio kau thang kiie ki when a thousand miles from home, one
;
khu ; there is a ditch running through here should not eat barberry preserves.
from one side to the other. sai kau-k/a°; a
.sewer, toa sai kau; main sewer, kia" cek me" X"^ kau 94 Wily, tricky, crafty.
bp sai kau ; feet so big that she would not step
in the gutter if walking at night. am kau ;
V^ 369
ta° lie
6 kang-kau tricky, kau-k&t ;
;
to si kang-kang kau-kau he is
wily. ;
a covered drain. very cunning in his speech.
Hh*l kau 123 A lamb a kid. A revolving wind.

i>^> 325 4 o-ci-kau phue-be-kua cSk
;
i^ _
kau-ka°
kau-ka°-huang a whirl-
821 ;
kai 6ng jieh coi ngun ? How much does a wind, which carries the dust on high : the
riding jacket of naturally black lamb skin cost ? people say the gods use such for ascending and
peh kau phue white lambskin.
; o kau phue ; descending. khut cek cun kau-ka° huang l&i
black lambskin. kau, cu long-long khut i chue tio khu ; if a
whirlwind comes, it -will blow the whole away, the pill whole. khu kq, kue i khu let him ;
take the whole lump. ci pang cu kau pang

cun kau-ka''-huang lai kau tiii i kai p6 ka to
to pue a whirlwind came and took me ? Is this set of volumes a complete series ?
pua"-tlii" ;
her cloth into the air and whirled it round cia bI kau hii kai ; this is a complete set.
and round.
Îttf kku 57 Sufficient; enough; adequate.
kau To arrive at ; to reach ;
18 V-^ 331 10 ^^^ ^ '" ^^"^ ^^ there enough ''
^\\ of it ? m kau eng it is insufficient. tieh

PÛ 867 6 finished until at ; up to ; ; ;
;
kau eng you must take as much

Btill ; yet; sign of the past tense. khieh kku i ;
as he needs to use. hwn-lio bue kau-cok

ai° kau a btie ? Are we nearly there ? clah ;
still there is not enough. ci cek clioli m kaa

kau pa ; eat till the appetite is satisfied, thoi"
kau la ; to look at as much as one wishes, i ciah this is not as much as he wants to eat.
;
khut i thit-thq kau kau let him amuse himself

phah kau phua"-sie"; beat so much as to maim, ci kq m kau cq thi.s
;
thia" kau nSi m

kim ; ached so that I could not as much as he pleases. ;
bear it. kia" kau hek ; walked until tired, piece is not enough to make it of. niu ke lai
ke cek ko-kia° cu kau a little bit more will be
;
kai giieh cap-kai-ngun kau niu su-hui me ? Is
the full amount, co-ni kau ta° hwn bue kau ? ten dollars a month sufficient to meet the ex-
How is it that up to this time he has not yet penses of your household ?
arrived ? boi kau ta° u jieh ku ? How long
-/^« kau 30 To announce to a superior.
kau ti-tiang-si i cu ai"
ago did you buy it ? |_| 326 T kau-kai ti-cu warn his pu-
ke at that time she is to be married, i kau ke
;
;
pils, ua kau-su lu cai I beg to inform you
cap ni lio he came home ten years since.
;
lu
;
of it. kau si lio I am about to take my
;
ki" kau ti kq ? Whither are you going? lia ai"
leave, (said by a visitor to his host).
kau niu kq thit-thq I am going to your house
;
for recreation. ci kq ua pat kau kue kai I ; "îji kau 149 A

patent or seals ; to signify
have been here before. i sie" tit kau, ua sie° Ppl 7 326one's wishes,
ni kau he thought of it, but I did not.
;
su kau-meng ; credentials. kau-meng hu-jin ; a
kau than lai put cu iu when the thing has ; patent enobling the mother of an official, kau
happened you cannot choose concerning it. kq hong sa° to; he ennobled three genei-ations of
ko ua pat kau I have been to all those places,
;
his ancestors. hiara-hiam pi chio-theng tqh
boi tit khiie-khiie kau cannot get there soon
; tng kau-meng; came very near having his
enough. kia° kau ai° kau cu ngq-tieh i when ;
patent of nobility taken back by the govern-
nearly there we met him. cha-m-tq ai" kau ment, i kau-cang sim-mih kua" ? To what
h'o almost there.
;
kau si lu cu cai when the ; official rank is he raised ?
time arrives you will know. kia" kau lo teng
cia" sie° tieh; when I was on the way I thought yt^. kau 60When used after another
of it. si kau, hue cu khui when the time ;
1"^ 872 8 verb, expresses the poten-
kau chu cek tial mood or a form of the past tense ; to be-
comes, the flowers will blossom.
ie°; it is the same everywhere. lai kau ci kq come to attain.
; cq kau ngia; has made it
sim cia" ua"; when I arrived at this point, my very handsome. ta" kau hd thia" ho thia";
mind became calm. bq huang boi tit kku ; spoke very properly. siu-sip kau iap-thiap
if there is no wind we shall not reach there, iap-thiap arranged in the neatest manner.
;
kau chu a hue ? Has he reached home yet ? kauTo deliberate to consult to
80
kau toi si cq-ni ? What are the bottom facts ? Tyi^ ; ;
IrlJ 8739adjust by consultation,

kau-nie ; to talk over and arrange a plan, nan
JA^ kau
Entire in all its parts ; whole
11 ;
lai kau-nie let us talk it over. kau-nie kau
yHFT unbroken,
1013 T ;
ho cia" lai kia"; when we have through con-

cia si kau-kai kai ; this is a whole one. a-
sultation come to a conclusion, then we will
phien tho boi kau liap 6i io phl° me ? Is opium proceed to carry out our decision. i no
nang
cheaper if you buy a whole ball ? boi kau the two talk over and arrange
io ti kau-nie ;
Bie° keng phi"; it is cheaper when bought by matters with each other.
the whole kau
koi" chii kai ti eng jieh
Idox.
khuah ? How much
space is required for the kau 157 To bestride astride. ;
whole house ? i ai" sue kau koi", a si ai" sue 468 ~6~ kha cu kau kiie khu; threw
cek p6i° ? Does he wish to rent the whole, or his leg over it. kau to be sin teng astride of ;
only a part of it ? koi, kau ciah sie roast the ;

a horse. kau to koi''-thau ; sitting astride of
fowl whole, i" kau liap thuu Iqh khu; swallow his shoulder.
kka 94 A kwn-thai lu nS nang b6 kau poh I treat you ;

monkey.
174) 9 si kau kia° a sitoa kaa ? Is it two without partiality toward either. i ki'
kua kai td phb tieh chim cheng kau mau"; when he saw him
a monkey or an ape ? khang
klia khut ci"; one who leads a monkey about is
he received him with great cordiality and de-
before the shop begging cash. thoi" n&ng
ference, cliie" ax" ceng jieh kau ? How thick
is the wall to be made ? cfa si i cek tug kau i ;
inong kau hi ; see a play in which monkeys
this is his dominant notion.
perform. tok koi ka kSu chop up a fowl in
order to scare a monkey into better behaviour,
;
— kauh —
i sang mak cu si che° cang kilu ; he looks
around like a newly caught monkey, i
kauh 64 To roll up; to curl up; to
sang
ra9.k kau-kau iang he rolls his eyes about as a 450 8 swirl spiral. ;
;
kS,i kau khia ciah kau ; a Hani kauh khf Isli roll up the splint curtain,
monkey does. ;
monkey riding on a dog's back. wn-kau ; a phue kauh bua; roll up the coverlet. chau-
baboon. kim-si-kau ; a small gray monkey, chieh kauh khi; roll up the matting. luah c5
nf-kau ; an ape. nng kauh fry it in an omelet.
; cang ml-huo
lai kauh roll it in batter. c6 phak ta" i sang
nm
;
The common earth-worm.

kJlu-un ki° cu ai° kauh when it is dried in the sun,
;
41G 111! kui tio kSu-iin lai chl its edges curl up. khut huang chue lio kauh
ah; dig a few earth-worms to feed to the ducks. CO cek p6 after being exposed to the wind it
;
curled up into the shape of a stick. toa ki

~
^^ kJln-lA.k The chestnut, and some khut i n6 e kauh cu bua; he rolled up the large
1 |Ut
\j 539
y/TV kinds of oak. flag by two sudden jerks. kauh co cek kho
ka,u-lak chut a bue Has
the season for chest-
? cek kho i°-i°; curled up in rings. kauh li'o
nuts arrived yet? che" kau-iak; raw chest- sang-siia"; flew open after being rolled up. jii
nuts, ko-sie kSu-l&k ; steamed chestnuts. Idng kauh ciii ;

as a dragon swirls the water.
kJiu 27 Thick; substantial; liberal;

n kauh 85 Spoiled by dampness, and
JST 626 11 disuse,
/-^ 176 7 generous; intimate; well |SS
kauh kau thang tieh cQ phua; it has become so
flavored ;
rich.
u jieh kau ? How thick is it ? sa" chiin kiiu tender by long continued dampness that, if
;
three inches thick. ci khf ciia io kiu, hu khf you touch it, it tears, kauh kûchau; has laid
khah poll ; this sort of paper is thicker, that away in a damp place till it smells. kauh c6
sortis too thin. i
cheng sang kau-t6i-6i he ;
t5-puu left unused and damp till it is nothing
;
wore a pair of thick-soled shoes. ua ai° oho but rubbish, mueh kauh tio khu; the thing is
kSu kai p6 hd I want coarse, thick cloth. ci
ruined by dampness and disuse. hd-lid sa°-
;
kai ka° khah kSu the rinds of these kho tib tieh ho l<~iu, co ce kauh tio khu this ;
phue ;
oranges are too thick. i slu kue i kai kslu perfectly good clothing, having been wet by
hfli he has experienced his magnanimity he the rain leaking through upon it, is all spoiled.
;
;
has received a liberal donation from him.

kau thai i I treat him i
ua
co su
— ke —
;
courteously.
slra si kau tan ;
he acts very generously, i se°
^^^ ke 40 A family ;
a household ;
a
lai kau tang he ;
is very stout. tong-kau ; ^V 351 ^ home ; people,
honest-hearted ; faithful. min phue kau ; hue ke ;
to return home. ceng kau ke a biie ?
brazen-faced shameless. ;thi°-si chin, tieh Has he reached home yet ? ke tie"; ke ciang ;
cheng kau ce the weather is cold, you must
;
the head of the household, ke pe my father, ;
dress more warmly. Id kai pang ai" eng jieh ke b(5 ; ray mother, ke hia°; my elder brother,
kau kai ? How thick do you want your boards cek ke nang 16ng-c6ng lai ; the whole family
to be ? khieh ki kau to khu phua cha ; take a came. sai kai ke-jin khu chia" nang-kheh ;
heavy knife and go and split some wood. tieh send a domestic to invito the guests. pii-kui
kau la cha khi lai cia° ho ciah you must fry ;
ke ; a wealthy family. i to li ke su she is ;
it in plenty of lard then it will be

palatable, attending to domestic affairs, i kai ke su jieh
tg khah poh, chong kau ce ; the tea is too toa ; her domestic duties are many, ji ke hiia-
weak, make it stronger. lia ai" co hi'a kau- mok ; the two are completely reconciled, ji ke
kau kai I want a very substantial one made,
;
pe'-pe" hua°-hi; they are both equally well
pi chu bo kau poh ; there is no difference in pleased, i
ji
ke hau"; both parties are willing,
thickness between this and that. i kwn-thai liang ke to hau"; both of us consent,
no th&u
i io kia-kau ; he treated him more
liberally. ke; two families, having the same husband
and father. i kal

pun ke ; it is his own
si
"flirt
^® H8 ^^ ^^^ ^ '
^^ superadd ;
to
family. support a family.
ang ke ;hap ke //M 360 increase.
the whole is well, i ke
pheiig-ang; family eng ke kiara sui tS i ; increase or diminish accord-
jieh toa?
What are his household expenses? ing to his wish. ai" ke jieh (oi ? much How
,peh chiu seng
ke a self-made man. hin-khek
; more does he want ? ke cek pQe double the ;
T-keng cia" ke, eia° tau has now a homo of ; amount. ke it thiu; add one tenth. kku
his own. toa ke nang a member of a large ;
ci'-kp lai tieh ke sa" si ci" BU-hiii ; in getting
family. hu-kp u jih-gua ke there are over ; it here three or four mace must be added for
twenty families there. t&.i-ke; tai ceng ke ;
expenses.
all of you ; the whole of us. kok ke the ;
sovereign. si ke kai kia"-ti the children of ; ke-se A cassock, worn by Buddh-

an ancient and honorable house, chut ke iong- 350 ist priests, made of coarse,
koi, kui ke lang; to become a priest is easy, sleazy camlet,
to return to domestic life afterward is difficult, i kai hue-sie" cp-ni bp cheng ke-se ? do Why
ke-ke ho-ho to khu che go to every house and ;
not these priests wear priests' robes ? i tieh
examine, i si seng-li ke a si thak-cu ke ? Are CO hut su cia" ii cheng ke-se ; when they are
they a mercantile people or are they engaged performing priestly rites then they must wear
chiefly in literary pursuits ? to ke ; at home, their cassocks.
ke au the wife and her relatives.
;
ke lai in ;
the house the wife. ;

ke 9 False ;
fictitious ;
unreal ; to
352 9 feign ; illusory,
ke 36 More many much
to add ; ; ;
.
m cai cin ke ;
does not know the true from the
909 ^
bo ke ; no more, ci chph tia°, false, ua thoi" si cin kai, lu cp-ni thoi" cp ke ?
bo ke only this and no more.
;
ke nang ke It appears to me to be real,why do you con-
hok the more the merrier.
;
ke cai very ; sider it an imitation ? ke mia" ua" se"; tako
many. ke kiii ni cii h(5 chua bp in a few ; a false name. ke-mS,u" kua°-tie"; pretended to
years more, he may bring home a wife. ke be an oflB.cial.ke hwt a grave in which there ;
kai gueh cu siu tang in another month the ; is no coffin, i ke cp khut-ciah ; he

put on the
crops will be gathered. ke kui jit cu sek; costume and manners of a beggar. gua min
they will be ripe in a few days more. ai° ke ke cp ho nang ; put on the external appearance
cek kai want one more. ;
ke sa" jit three ; of an honest man. i ke kau sio cS,i he imi- ;
days later, ke hph coi much more, ke lang- ; tates it to perfection. lia cu pat, i ke m khu ;
1(5
;
a little more. ke bp ua not much more, ; I knew him, he could not deceive me. cia si
ke cek tng once more. ke cek e one stroke
; ; ke i kai
pit ciah kai kai ; this is an attempt to
more. ke khiin a moment more. ke cek
; imitate his penmanship. ke-ke ne cu seng ;
khun-kia°; a little while after. ta" ke sa° ta"; if the imitation be perfect it will succeed.
carry three more loads, ke siap-si presently ; ; i cp lai le-ke he has made a good counterfeit,
;
a little later, phah ke cek e hit another blow, ; sit cSi le-le ke-ke ;
is really spurious. ta" hu-
ke kvii e a few strokes more, khu ke si hang ;
; ke kai lie speak falsely.
;
i kai much to si k^
go four times more, ke chph pun ua ; give me kha ke chi'a all his things are imitations.
;
a little more of it. bp ke nang to no one else ;

I3,ng ke seng cin ; from jest to earnest to ;
was there. pun lia ke cek hue give me one ; fulfill what was begun as a joke.
more turn at it. lai ke cek ciia ; come once
naore. boi ke no bo; buy two acres more, nin ke-sek Grain cereals.
;
kp kai nang ii chua ke bo a bp ? Among your |W| 'ji^V 354 ke-sek mueh-kia" long-
people is more than one wife taken ? se° ke
cong pun cui cim tio the grain is all spoiled
;
kiii kai kia°; has borne several more children, kim ni mih
by being merged in the water.
boi ke cek koi" chu ; buy another house. ke ie" ke-sek mueh-kia" toa siu s6ng large crops ;
toa-bp-mueh sua°-ngiap; much more real estate. of all sorts of cereals have been gathered in
u ke ie° a bp ? Have you any other kind ? bp this year.
ke khi no other sort, nang u ke teng there
; ;
are different sorts of people. ciah ke chph ;

4î ke 9 A leave of absence; a furlough;
eat some more, m cai ii ke a bp do not know ; li|5v 352 9 an interim in a long session,
whether there are any more or not. chun b6 tiang-si ai"pang ke ? When will the vacation
ke no more left.
;
cai ke kui cai carry a few ; begin ? i pang ke au hwn-h'o to hu ISi thak cu;
more boatloads, khah ke too many, ;
mai ta" after the vacation had begun, he still remained
ke ku ; do not say a word more about it. there studying.
228 ftlCTlONARt OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
kh ^ The price ;
the valae of a sir,too much. hwn Iu kai ke lai cf-kp put ;
353 13 thing, you to the trouble of coming here. gu k^

kiam ke; diminish chin ceng; the Emperor himself
phu ke ;
raise the price. goes forth to
the price. h&i" kaa m ke ; paid loss than the
subdue. sia" k^ His
Majesty. i oi
theng
;
price. Bin-sien Jang llo ci" bi ke ; the gods hun ke bQ he mounts the clouds and rides the
;
even find it difficult to estiraate the rate of ex- mist, sui ke chut iu follow the chariot
(of a ;
change and tlie cost of rice. ca rang si ke god) out for an airing, tang ke bo ki"; excuse
one's self to a visitor.
put tang ; the current price varies with the
season. kc-ci" khah kui ; the price is too
high. ke cu phi"; this sort is cheaper,
cl kill T^M ke 76 An open frame on which to
xlv^ 353 6 things a rack ; a stag-
put ju ke bo nS le° ke no two prices.
; ci sa";
pl£u;e ;
81 khwn to si c6k ie° ke ing to

support ; to fend off.
these three or four ;
cio-ke m tio ; could not fond it off.

;
kinds are all the same price. lia thd si kh, Ifi cu ke ; a '
liAv" rf ci"; what I ask is the

book rack. sie" ke ; a trunk stand.
price, what you cap jl
offer is the cost. cfa si bo ke p<5 k&i mueh
ke a cross ; a frame like the character which
;
;
this is a priceless thing. c)e"-Bi cf iu" mfieh si

denotes ten. pang ko h(5 ke mueh-kia"; leave
it to lay ke cek tio pang-kie cQ
cio" ke a si loh ke ? Is the price of these things on.
articles rising or falling now ? kiam ke phi" hp kia" kue kliu ; lay down a board as a bridge
then we can cross over. lii mai" lai
boi ;
prices diminished, and selling off cheap. tia"-tp
sit ke, b6 su-nie ; the real price, with no bar- k6.ke do not you come and knock over the
;
drum-stand. i mih su to si
gaining about it. b6 tu" no false prices,
k^ ; td-pai ke-cu ; he
does everything in a stilted style, cie"
lii raai" la° ke, sit-sit jieh coi ci"; do not put on p6i" ke
a fancy price, but tell how much is to
kue hie" p6i°, eng jieh tng cia" ke tit kuj how
exactly ;
be paid for it. long need the staging be in order to extend

across from this side to that ? ham bak-kang
To marry a husband. lai c6 kai
k^ 88 po-phftog ke; call a carpenter to
354 10
b6 ke b6 chua; neither marry come and make the tent poles. phha ke ; a
nor are given in marriage. ke ang wed a ;
frame to hang a cloak on. kh sii kai ; bolster
husband. i k6 tieh cek kai
ang hi'a cia" h<5 ! up calumuious charges.
She has married such a good husband i ceng !
chut ke a biie ? Ts she married yet ? In »i" ke 75 The cangue, a wooden collar
k^ chut, iu ui" chua jip su coi cJli what with :
;
350 6 worn as a punishment,
liali khu ta" kS seized and put in the cangue.
marrying off daughters, and bringing home ;
daughters-in-law, there is niucii business on ke ho cek kai gueh sentenced to the

cangue;
hand, kc cau-kia"; marry off a daughter. k6- for a month, phi ke toa b6 carry the cangue, ;
cng coi cSi the

dowry is large.
; cau-kia" chi and wear fetters. sang phau ke a cangue ;
toa cu tieh ke when a daughter has been

;
made for two persons. ke ceh Ifo wn tia" ;
after the cangue has been worn, the case is

brought up, she must be married off. cek kai
li koi-ke, cek kai li ra done with. cek min ke a cangue. khia
kheng koi-ke one of ; ;
them married again, and the other refused to huang-lokS; put into a cangue in which one
dies from weariness and hunger.
marry a second time. ci kai chiah-kha si sui
nio ke kjii this large footed maid came with
;
her mistress when the latter entered the family, ke 9 Low below ; the standard ;
ke koi tue koi pue, ke kau tiie kau can if you ;
'^ 877 5 low-priced.
marry a cock you thereafter fly, if you marry a Cl tio lo kui°-kui" ke-ke oh kia"; this road is
dog you thereafter trot the wife takes the ; very uneven and difficult to travel.
siu-s!p
social station of her husband. kau l6 pe°-pc'', boi kui" ke ; level the road, bo
that it will have no inequalities. thnu phak
ke 187 A chariot; to drive or sit iu ke ; bend down the head. i kai ra6°-kha se"
iVJV^ 353 5 a carriage ; one who sits in a khah ke ;

her hair grows too low on her fore-
carriage ; a title of respect. head, i
sang bai khah ke ; his eyebrows are
Iu kai kin ke tiang-si kau? When did Your too lowering. to squat, chng ke
pang kau ;
Excellency arrive ? cun ke si u mill su ? ke-ke ;

lower,
let it down much
ke-ke sia" kio
What business has Your Excellency ? l&u Iu i ta°; told him in a
very low tone. i ta" khu
kai ke mua-khi lai thoi"; will trouble ke sia" ke sia", thia" ra hin; he speaks very low,
you, Res-
pected Sir, to come to-morrow and see. ci'a and is not heard distinctly. i kai khek chie
khah lau-tong kui ke ;
this is troubling you, lai ii kui" Ci ke hd thia"; he chants his ballads
in diverse notes, pleasant to the ear. ke cek ke" To stick in the throat.
195
kok si'a; write it a line lower down, i td tsiu
ke ngun he buys adulterated silver. c{ khf
322
bone in his throat,
T
ke" tieh hfi kut got a fish-
i si khut ah kut ke" tteh;
;
ngun khah ke this silver is too far below

;
the he was choked by a bit of bone from the duck,
standard. kui" m
ke neither above nor m ; ke" to tiu-leng ko, boi tit loh ; stuck in hia
below the standard. ci ie" hue lo ke ; these throat and would not go down. kut tieh cai
lau loh niu tio, m-ho khut i ke" tieh you must pick
goods are lower-priced, chin-clue" ci'ii ;
ke ;
like water running down hill. the bones out (after you have put the food in
your mouth) and not get choked by thera.
— ke" — i
kai ciah li'o ia m-iii ke" tieh ; he takes it and

does not fear its sticking in his throat ho
m
fields.
ke"
322
4
To till; to cultivate; to plow.
127
ke" chang; to cultivate the
ke" coh kai nang farm laborers, ke"
to
;
takes what he likes without regard to future
consequences.
;
gu cattle used in tilling the soil, cih ke";

;
ke" 75 The petiole ;
the midrib of a
to teach for a living.
plow with the tongue;
II
tiam
322 7
kit ke"; sweet lime stems.
leaf,
ci ie" ieh si
ke" 120 To weave.
ai° eng ke" asi ai" eng hieli ? Is the leaf or the
70 12 ke" p6; to weave cloth, ke"-
ke" khu lu" c2,i ; it is petiole made use of for this medicine ?
po kui ; a loom.
woven. ke" ix hue-jl woven in
very finely ;
>^?| ke" 60 A by-way a path a short ; ;
figui'es. ;l^ 407 cut. y

120 The warp of a web in the
ke"
khui cek tio lo-ke"; open a road, lu khu thoi",
>^^^ thdi" sim-mih ke"-lQ you go and see what soi't
^yrl ~T~ loom what runs lengthwise;
404 ;
;
the meridians of longitude. si ke" p6 hui ;

of path there is. miia-ti-kp kai lo-ke" phe-
ci'a
silk warp and linen woof. phah lai cii ho the roads about here are well
cang si lai co tit ;
kai ke", cang mi"-se lai cp hue" kai hui take ;

planned. ceng sa" ke" hue ; planted three
silk for the warp, and cotton for the woof.
rows of flowers.
16-ke"; a compass. i
pi kai lo-ke" khu thoi" — keb —
sua"; he took a compass and went to locate a
grave. keh To degrade from office; to
177
428 dismiss,
~0~
ke" 123 A thick broth; pottage ; por- keh tio mia"; strike his name off the roll, i si
322 9 ridge. ge-mng kai keh hiah, in-ui go kong su keh-tho
CO kai ke" pfig make rice porridge ; dainties
; kai ; he is a constable who has been dismissed
offered to parents on their birthdays. hoi- on account of having blundered in public busi-
ke"; crab soup. cap gueh ke" chai coi there ; ness, keh cell, hue ke ; degraded in office
are all sorts of edibles in the tenth month. and sent home. i"-keng chut keh-tio li'o ; has
already issued a notice of dismissal, keh tio i
A watch of the night, two
ke" 73 kai hiang take away his allowance.
;
in-ui
321
hours in length,
3 sim-mih su pun kua" keh iio ne ? did the Why
sa" ke" pua" me"; in the dead of night. ang magistrate dismiss him from his post ?
ke"; the first watch, beginning at dark, lii co-
ni khu kau si ngo ke" ? Why were you gone keh 120 A
step in a ladder or stairs.
till near jl ke" cu ut ; in the 394 ai" co kui keh ?
morning ? i 4 tah-po-cang
second watch, between nine and eleven o'clock, How many steps will you make in the stairs ?
he went to sleep. sia"-lau sui phiJa" ke"-k6 cek keh cek keh khua"-khua° peh, m-hp puah ;
liwn cai though the tower be dilapidated the
;
go up slowly step by step, and do not fall.
watchman is still there.
JW keh 130 The diaphragm ; inability
ke" 53 The seventh of the ten stems; 1^ 428 10 to eat.
321 6 years. nang kai sim-hui hu e cek teng keh-moh cia
i no nang tang ke"; the two are of the same to ko below the heart and lungs there is a
;
age. iii kui ke" ? How old are you ? sim- midriff stretched across. heng kek kp thia";
mih ni ke" poih ji ? What are the eight a pain in the pit of the stomach. i u kai
cyclic characters which express the time of keh ciah kai pe"; his food disagrees with him.
bis birth ? khai heng, li keh to settle the stomach.
;
280 Dictionary of tsb swatow dulkc*.
keh 75 A space bounded by Btraight JCM keh 170 To obstruct to embarrass

t#
a rule.
426 6 lines ;
a limit ; a pattern ; ITO 427 10
ko-keh ; to delay, to impede.
to hinder,
; ;
keh to hu-ko
keh gua si un bestow extra kindness, ci koi"
; jieh kii, boi tit chut ; was hindered there for
chu kai koi° keh coi this house has many ;
ever so long and could not get away. khut i
rooms. ci khi kng jieh coi keh ? How keh kin tC kp; was completely stopped by it.
many
spaces on this sheet containing lines between
which characters are to be written ? keh- keh 162 To resist to oppose con-
sek; a pattern. keh-kek soi° phah h(5 h'o m.
,
63(5 6 tumacious.
; ;
c\a" Isii kill first lay the plan and then build,
;
i mai" k6h tleh lia ; he must not
oppose me.
tieh thoi" i kai kut keh, cia" cai must watch ;
md kio i keh ;
do not put yourself in opposition
bim narrowly, then we shall know, i kai kut- to him. md keh i kdi i do not go counter to
;
keh hd the indications are that his nature is

;
his wishes. ciikeh tieh
hku"; if yon are
i m
good. ci k&i j! sfa chut lai fl kut-keh ; these refractory he will not consent. kdh hi"; to
letters are written with fine bold strokes. cia offend the ear. koh raflk displease the eye. ;
mixeh bo kut b6 keh this thing has no distinct

;
keh ciii si ; go against the current. kio t8-H
divisions and joinings. k6h co sa" keh divide ;
sie kSh ; go contrary to correct doctrine.
it into three spaces. tIeh khleh mueh teh
kin cia" boi cau keh you must set something kSh 64 To fend
off to ward off.
i^he 427
; ;
on it, then it will not get out of place. sia kai thui khu kOli khui i kiii
6 i
tie" ciia kh6-keh ; make a sheet of squares to; warded off the knife with his club,
for writing Chinese letters. pi^ng t6 tl c6k khia ki pS-th&u to kio i keh ; took a pitchfork
keh ? Which space shall I put it in ? c6 c6k and was warding it off with that. cang to
keh cek keh ; make spaces divided from each chiu khu k6h khui i k&i kun-th&a ; made use of
other by straight lines, sang p6i° nQ kai keh ;
his left hand to ward off the blows from their
a compartment on each of the two sides. fists, cek ki ke-hue kOh i ka-a ki ;
warded off
several weapons with one.
keh 170 To intervene ;
to interpose ;
427 10 separated ;
a partition ; next
to ; parted. kek
62 A
lance with two points.
sie keh piah having the same partition wall,
; 392
8 chie" to kiam kek spears, ;
keh cek liah hng a span apart. ; keh tSng knives, swords, and lances. sai kek; wield a
ch!e" tia^-tia"; separated by a wall only. keh lance. ue-kek ; a halberd with a crescent
jit cu lai came after a day had elapsed.
; keh shaped blade on the side.
ke no jit after a lapse of two days.
;
m6"; stopped there and spent the night.

keh cSk
tin-
tang keh c6k tio ciii a stream of water inter-
posed, keh-piet coi ni
;
lio ; separated for

M kek
78
393
8
repudiated him.
To leave to perish
hua" nftng kek tio i ; they all
i khut
n&ng kek tio lio boi
;
to cast off.
chwn bo no obstacle tit tng lai, to hu-ko si khu; being cast off
many years. ;
c<5-keh
interposes, keh khu hng
lying far apart. c6 ; by them, he could not return, and died there,
keh piah ; sit side by side, keh kai chring-Ie°; khut hie"-li hiie kek tio, khu kue hwn ; being
across a field. keh kai sua"; divided by a exiled by the people of his village, he went to
mountain. keh khoi th6i" cua nih mak see- ;
foreign parts.
ing a snake wink from across a river. keh
hai ; on the other side the sea. kek 164 To brew.
631 17 kek ciu ; to distill liquors,
kek ciu thang ; brewers' vats, cek tau bi kek
keh 64 To strike; to attack to ward much How made
; ii
jieh coi ciu ? whiskey is
427 a blow,
6 off from one peck of rice ?
i si iu keh-to ti
mia"; he lost his life in a brawl.
kia°-jit nang lai phiia mia" iia", si keh-suah
kai ; the case that is brought forward
is that of a man slain in a brawl.
to-day,
keh-suah
mi
beat on
kek
395
;
13
85 To rouse the
impel
feelings ; to
;
to vex ; to
;
to excite
to set back, as water; to turn a current,
kai le si kui pia"-pang, a si kui hia"
pang ? Is kek i se" khi makes him angry.
;
i m nSi
the case of a murder in a brawl carried before
nang kek he cannot bear being irritated,
;
the military tribunal or before the khut nang ce kek tieh i cii khu co if he is
provincial ;
branch of the Board of Punishment ?
urged on by anybody he will go and do it.
DICTIONARY OF THU: SWATOW DIALECT. 231
kek kka i hwn worried him about it till he

; kek 44 A
game, as of draughts or
kua" kek, m!n pien an
changed his mind. ;
. f\J 456 4 an undertaking
chess ; ;
his countenance changes, as his feelings are enterprise or a committee to oversee it; a
com-
i ta° kui ku ue, ta" kiiu kek-
wrought upon. pany, an association, or the place where their
liet cai he said a few words, speaking most
; proceedings are carried on complete to in- ; ;
vehemently, sai kaa i kai sim kam-kek ex- ;

veigle. k§k gua kai nang a neutral a looker ; ;
asperated him. m
cang ue kek, i to in kheng on; one not concerned in the plan. tng kek
khu CO ;
if he not incited to it, he well never
is cia mi",phang kwn cia tia"; the dullest are
do it. i kai cui kek cie" lau-teng eng the ; those who are playing the game, the most
water is made to ascend to the second storey clear-headed are the lookers on. khui cek k3,i
for use there. kek cui-tang pipes in which ;
kong kek; open a public office, cong kek the ;
water is forced upward. kek tai pien ; to governor's or president's office. hun kek a ;
Btrain at stool. branch office. sien au kek bureaus for the ;
kek 9 kek-chok management of subsequent proceedings, cin-

;cramped straight- ;
khah kek-chok 16; it is ci-kek; a soup-house for the poor. pd-ang-

JPJ 456 7 ened. kek ; a benevolent association, ui-kek ; a hos-
too short a time to do it in. lu ca li iii ta", ta"
pital, boi tit h'o kek cannot bring it about,
kek-kek chok-chok co cai tit chut? You did
;
sim-mih kak-kek ? What are the results ? kui

not of it beforehand, and now when there
speak kek si cp-ni ? When the end is reached, what
is no time to do it in, how can it be done?
i i"-keDg seng kek h'o he has accom-
then ? ;
hi'ati-hng lia thoi" tieh khah kek-chok ;
the
khi lai hwn-lio cia" m
much plished his purpose.
space appears to me to be too narrow.
kek-sio, lai kau-nie leng-ua" phah chii kgk; the
plan is not yet fully carried out

in the building,
kek 75 A summons to arms ;
to give
so let us consider the expediency of changing
203 13 oi'ders requiring haste,
it. ci kai keh kek khi khi lai cu ngia ; if it
chia" nfing co phien kek-bun ask some one to ;
mxia"- were built upon this plan it would be beautiful,

draw up an exciting proclamation. miii" jin kek ; a
tah kek-bun official
chu-kek ; a plan of a house.
ti-kp posted up placards
;
thoi" i siet sim-mih kSk
lure ; a stool-pigeon,
everywhere. kek kQi" che hok order the ;
chut lai ; see what plan he brings forward,

disti-ict magistrate to examine and reply.
cia si siet kek kai ;
this is a bait put out.
kek Flowers with a broad disk
140 th6i"i pai kai sim-mih kek ;
see what sort of
and numerous petals, allurement he sets forth. boi jip i kai kSk
457 8 ;
kek-hue ; the chrysanthemum, kek gueh the ;

does not fall in with his purposes, phien kek;
ninth moon, when the chysanthemum blossoms. a trick, cia si ca kek kai ; this is a stratagem,
m6"-am lai khu hu-kp, ciah cm si'e" kek-hue ;
no nang chwn-kek kai; what the two have
the
let us go there at dusk, to drink wine and leagued together for. kek-si i"-keng seng;
has succeeded. ca kek chut lai kai ; the
enjoy the beauty of the chrysanthemums. plan
outcome of the scheme, ieh kek ; a dispensary,
64 To rouse to action; to attack.
kek i
i"-keng tau-meng kek sin hue ;
he has already
13 i td cp ia-kek ; he acts as
395 reported to the gentlemen who form the com-
lieutenant-colonel. thoi" tieh sie kek ne it appears to be
pany, ;
khvvn toa kgk

very compactly arranged, i kai
"hitl kek 75 The utmost point; the verge; toa kek; it is on an extensive scale, thiig-kek;
^^ 393 8 extreme, the Sugar Company, kek teng ; the employes
kek coi ;
kek bio the
the greatest number. ; of a company. thoi" phaa i kai kek see ;
kek chim the very i kai kek khut via phah

profoundest mystery. ;
through his scheme.
deepest, lam kek the south pole, pak kek ; ;
phixa his plan was spoiled by
;
me. hua-ang
the north pole. lu ta° lai kek si; what you kek a Peace Society, i kiii hiie-ki kap-kong
;
gay is exactly so. cp kua", cp kau kek phfn ; lai khui thng-kek the several partners joined
;
became an officer, of the very highest rank. in opening a Sugar-Refinery.

i thia" tieh kek hna"-hi when he heard it
he was exceedingly pleased, m-ho khi-hti kau
;
— keng —
i
cap kek bp lo you must not drive him to
; keng To exert one's self ; to put
154
extremities. kau kek hug kai ti-hng to the ; ^«-> 675 forth strength to the utmost,
14
remotest lands, thai-kek the ^Jri'mMW mobile. ;
lai sie tau keng, keng thoi" ti-tiang ia"; let us
ue kai thai-kek draw the Chinese symbol of
; pit ourselves against each other and see
who ia
the dual powers. the strongest, liiam-hiam keng m khu; it came
near being beyond my etrengtb. keng kau keng kio kdi khin i^ng tieh phue lib kiie
ci"
ie ku-ku under tbe effort,

;
benfc miii" ciab cia" tho weight of the arrow must
hd eng;
pa, cu 1(5 keng lak; do not eat all you
can hold, correspond with that of the bow, then they are
wiien testing your strength to tho uttermost. servicable. ci ki keng kiii kai lak ? How
much is required to draw this bow ?
strength
keng 73 To alter ;
to change ;
to
keng kau mua"-niua°; diaw a bow to its
la
321 8 rearrange. utmost stretch, ci ki si be keng a si po keng ?
Ill ai" co-ni keng-koi ? What alterations are Is this such a bow as is used by the cavalry,
you going to make ? keng-ek co cie"-8e" keng or by the infantry ? khui keng i7i pang c'l";
ho to change it and make it thus would be
; stretch the bow without shooting the arrow ;
better. keng i, ua" phftu change his attire. ;

empty threats. i to ia° teng ciah keng-ci"
hiaiig; he is in camp, living on his pay as an
keng 120 To manage; to plan ;
what archer, lai clang thoi'' ci-ko jieh coi keng po
^^J^^ ;
/Jlil 404 7 is regular, orderly, or come and measure and see how many bow-shots
standard canons manuals to pass
; ; ; through, it is. eng keng-clang lii clang; measure it by
by, or across. bow-shots. keng clang keng po a wooden ; ;
i mia"-ko kong-iong; ho is apt in tho calcula- i t<5 khui
square for marking off land. keng-
tion of ways and means. i td
tng keng-sfing ;
ci" ph6 he keeps a shop for the sale of bows
;
he is the head clerk in a district yamun, keng- and arrows, keng to a quiver. keng hi"; a
;
thia"; chief secretary in a prefect's yamun. xia

a Low-string. tau cp kfii keng bend and ;
m ceng keng chfu did not go through my

;
it
fasten it in tho shape of a bow. keng pii ; tho
hands. si ua keng chfu c6 kfti ; it went
curve of a bow. cle" keng hl°; to string a bow.
through my hands. cf kla" su bo keng kiio
lia ktii chfu, lia iIi cai this affair did not come ;
^7>C keng-tTik The beginning of spring,
under my management and I do not know, from the the 20tli
/.^ G7 .5th to
keng lia kai m&k thoi'-ki"; passed under my of March. keng-t^k lui spring thunder ;
cia su lii pat keng kue me ? Have you
eye. showers. keng-t6k bOe kue lui soi° hi'ang; you
looked this matter over ? llam keng ; to
will always hear thunder before spring sets in.
chant a liturgy, thak keng ; read the standard
works. cia si thong keng 16k kfti ieh ; this
keng 40 A palace ; a mansion ; an
medicine is one that goes through all tho blood
4G2 7 ancestral temple,
vessels. i si m pat keng kue su kfti n&ng ;
the palace. keng t6i°; grand
he iswho has had no experience
one in affairs. {iang keng ;
Who buildings ; keng-bie ; a temple,

state edifices.
ci thang keng hiii ham ti-tiang chut ? is
cia" the Empress. phah
to be called meet the regular outlayto
keng huang-ho ;
upon loll ne keng sent to the palace for discarded
this time ? su si da keng-kwn kiii
cf kia° m ;
;
this matter is outside my jurisdiction. su in

concubines. keng hui ; imperial concubines,
keng ngo miii" nng; keng nng ; keng jin; maids
si pat keng kue, to iTi cai kang-kho ; not having
in the palace, oh keng ; a college.
experienced this he does not know its hardship,
ci kai nang si u tS,i keng ci ; this is a man of 72 A a fine view; a
,
keng prospect ;
deep learning. ci cek piie nang mill su to

these people have passed through
^K 405 8 good sit€ ; aspect ; circum-
keng kue ; stances.
all sorts ofexperiences. gueh keng ; the seng-keng ; picturesque. keng raiii" ;
fine
menses, tng keng ; the change of life. keng lu cie°-si
scenery, kuang-keng; the prospect,
kue hwn-lvvn, keng kue ciii-cai, keng kue toa kai kuang-keng jieh ho ? What are your pros-
ki-hng; passed through a civil war, through pects at present ? lia cie'-si bo mih ho kuang-
a flood, and througti famine. cia si cJa''-keng
keng; my prospects are not now very good,
kai su; this is what happens in the regular hii cfti ; the scenery there is
kp keng
ti ngi'a
course of things. tu hia jui cia° cu keng kjii cia ho lai pai keng ; this should bo
very fine.
gua, pat ie" ci" i m
ka*" ai"; he will not dare
displayed to view. clam jip kia keng ; gra-
ask for any more than the regular allowance. hu-k6
dually came to easy circumstances.^
—i a bow-shot.
57 A bow u sim-mih kuang-keng hp thit-thp me? Are
keng ;
there any sights there for one to go and see ?

I
'
V461 "O^ thau ho kai tSng keng jieh
a display of tableaux in a procession,
CO! kun ? How many pounds weight is required ia" keng ;
mui°-keng; fine weather and beautiful

to draw the largest of these cross-bows ? i liang-sin
mia"-ke khui nge keng he is expert in the ; scenery. ho me"-keng a fine night. poih ;
drawing of stiff bows ; he can manage people. keng the remarkable objects in a place.
;
DICTIONARY OF THB SWATOW DlALKCT. 238
^^^t 149 To -warn to caution.

•
117 To go through a matter to
keng ;
'^^y k^ng
'^^ 405 13 kdng 81 kai ue language ; îSd 406 6 the end finally, ;
tending to reform the age. keng-kai e chu m i

keng bp cek ku ue he never said a word.
;
i
ka°; warn not to do the same another time, keng-jieu m hi'o ;

after all he did not compre-
cfa si to keng-che" nang kai ue ; these are hend it.
words of wai-ning to the people. suah cek,

kgng 116
Impoverished the poor.
keng peh ; executing one deters a hundred. ;
420 si khio-keng kai n^ng;

10 i
32 A boundary ; a limit ; a
keng they are very poor people. k§ng ke nS,ng;
405 11 region, poverty stricken people. i ci 2,u
keng U'o h© ;
keng-kai the frontier, jio kau kue keng khu

; ;
has become very poor lately.
pursued him beyond the border. siu-sip kau
cu si sien-keng; have made it like fairy-land.
— ki —
i k&i
keng-ngo hd his condition in life is com-
; ki 74 A full year of twelve or thir«
fortable, lin keng kai tl-hng u mS? Are there
/VJ 344 8 teen months,
any in the adjacent places ? hah ke'ng pheng- ki ni kai ha a full year of mourning.
; i kai
ang the whole neighborhood is at peace.
;
thiap cp-ni chut cp ki-hok hu, bp chut cp ciang-
ki hu ? How is it that the notice she has issued
I
— i
ke'ng bowed arched.
57 Crescent ; ; of her husband's funeral says "mourning"
•V 461 like a bow cur-
wn-keng ; ; instead of " deep mourning ".?
ved, i kai kha
wn-ke'ng wn-keng ne he is ;
bow-legged, i sang chi'u wn-keng wn-keng ; ki 38 A handsome girl or woman.

his arms are very much curved. 336 8 ki-chiap; a concubine, cia si i
lai kai ki-chiap hiie this is one of his concu-
-
|
—
rfr\
I keng 117 Finally to go through a ; bines, i
;
lai u jieh c5i kai kp-ki ? How many

JrCd 406 6 matter to the end.
singing-girls do they keep ?
km-keng si co-nl ? Sifted to the bottom, what
does it amount to ? After all, what is it ? 75
ki Changes ; motions; the origin
Tîp.
^/^ 333
J 2 or spring of ; a principle ; a
keng 66 To honor to venerate
; ;
to natural cause.
406 9 show respect to. ki-hue; an occasion, an opportunity, a chance,
hau"-keng pe-bp reverence one's parents,
; u sim-mih ki-hue a bd ? Is there any favorable
keng sin si cek kai sim ; veneration for the opening for it or not ? seng ci kai ki-hue ;
gods of the heart.
is
keng ciu ; to respect- avail ourselves of this opportunity. ci hue u
fully offer a glass of wine, ci'a khah sit
keng ; hp ki-hue there is just now a good chance,
;
this is too disrespectful. keng sieh ji cua ; chue thoi" u ki-hue a bp ; find out whether
respect written paper ; when added to hand- thei'e isa favorable opportunity. ki-kwn ;
" 33o not
bills, it means, deface nor tear this designs, intentions, motives. ci kai ki-kwn
down." sin thau tp-to si sia keng khi cia; chien ; the design is very transparent. lia
letters generally have some respectful terras thoi" phua i kai ki-kwn ; I see through his
written at the beginning. keng-tong treat ; design, u kien-sek kai nang ki" ki ju cak ; an
to bp much ho lai keng lu have
respectfully, ; experienced person sees his chance and improves
nothing to offer you as an expression of my it at the right moment. cia sit cS,i si sin
respect for you. chio-theng hwn-li'o si keng ki mio sng ; this is indeed a marvelous con-
lau, cun hien even the high officers of govern-
; ti'ivance. sit ci kai ki-hi5e khd-sieh cai it ;
ment show respect to the aged, and veneration is a great pity that this chance should be lost.
for the wise, keng p^t nang cu si keng ka-ki; i kai nang thien-ki cS,i ; he has a natural bent
to respect others is to respect one's self. lu li toward thought and meditation. thien-ki m
keng nang, nang li keng lu; treat others respect- hp siap-lau the decrees of fate are not to be
;
fully, and others will treat you respectfully. divulged. ki-kha; dextrously, skillfully ;
shrewd, astute, clever. knn-ki-chii; the
keng 73 More ;
still more. General Council of State. eng cin sim ki ;
321 3 ci kai
keng toa this is still ; using every power of mind for its accomplish-
larger. cia sui si ho, hia
keng hp although ;
ment, sien ki to bp siap-lau destiny is not ;
this is good, that is still better. jii-keng ku ; divulged, cia si ki-cie°-peh, a si sin-hue-tiu ?
still
longer. ju-keng hng still farther,
;
cia Is this Swatow grass-cloth or Cantonese grass-
â keng ai°; this I desire yet more. cloth ? i k§.i ki-pien peh chut ; his device is
234 DICTIONXni OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
divulged. bo ki su ; not having that which ch6k thio; I saw a spirit-medium careening
would tend to the accomplishment of it. kun- along, ki sien to consult the fairy.
; hu ki ;
ki tai-chin ; the members of the Council of to wiite a charm on a table covered with dust
State, bo ki hd seng ; no opportunity to avail or ashes by allowing the hand to move itself.
one's self of. ki klu kek a machine shop. ;
ki 82 A basis ;
a foundation ;
a point
^ ki
55
75
4
pencils, spears, and needles,
A branch; a twig; a classifier of
slender things, such as knives, tl-ki
336 8
filled in ? ki-ci
the base ?
d'appui.
thun ho a hue ? Is the
Q jieh khuah broad is ?
site
How
for it yet
chlu ki a branch of a tree,

;
hue ki ; flowering
clu khi; build on the
kii ki-cf Idi
twigs. a, cek ki lui chah ;

break off a stem old foundations, chang-lip ki-ngiap to found ;
to put in the hair. chlu ccng li'o hwt siin, an estate. ci ko ti si i soi" tiang-.si kai chu-
hvvt hieh, pun a, pun ki, khui hue, kitci; after ki this is the site of his former hou.se.
; teng
a tree is planted it puts forth sprouts and ki ; ascend the throne come into power, ;
leaves, and divides into forks and branches, huang-ti khi-thau teng ki when the emperor ;
and then blossoms and bears fruit, tba cek ki first ascended the throne. tung khai-ki kai
kun khu pheng chak lead a detachment of
;
huang-ti kau ta" kui k&i huang-t\ ? How many
troops to quell the insurgents. i ki ke-hiie emperors have there been from the first of this
ngc cJli, cek ki ho thfii ia" cftp ki his weapons ;
dynasty until now ? khai-ki co the founder ;
are very hard, so that one of them will outlast of a dynasty. tftng soi" i°-keng bo sira-mih
ten other ones in a fight. ki-tl ; from the first, it has had no sound basis,
i
Ifing-ua" piet se"
ki cak chut lA,i; it has again sprouted up. ki hu kfii a-no"-kia" bo sira-mih kun-ki, cf kai a-
si a spoon, ki tek-ko a bamboo pole. ki no"-kfa° kun-ki cu kien-ku ; that child has not
; ;
si"; a fan. no ki ciap co cek ki splice the ;

much physical stamina, this one has a consti-
two together lengthwise. hiah to chlu ki tution that can stand a strain.
;
perched on the branch of a tree, ci ki pia"-be

ki 118 A hemispherical basket with
fl
jieh coi nang ? How many men are there in 336 8 ears,
this detachment of troops ? bo lu cf ki tek-
m
cia" pai And you suppose that
pua-ki a winnowing basket, pun-ki baskets
; ;
ki'a", cu pak !
for carrying earth. sa-ki ; a flat round bas-
if we do not have this little bamboo pole of
ket, tau-ki ; a peck measure, used in rice shops.
yours we cannot then make up the raft kku !
ki sam a whole stick of timber. kau ki cu ki 62 about a few mod-

;
Nearly ; ; ;
khia khu; went off with the whole stick, cek 333
erately ; the recondite parts
9
ki ku CO no kueh ; saw it in two. ciig ki co ce of a thing or subject.
uu khu the whole stick has decayed through-
; i
pe" kau ki-hu ai" si ; he is ill and at the point
out its length. cek ki kha ceng kau toa-toa of death. kia' kau ki-ki-hu jit-am th6i°-m-
ki his leg has swollen up very large,
;
i ki
phi" ki" l6, cia" kau went on till it was very nearly
;
ngia" cS,i ; he has a handsome nose. ki chia

dark, and scarcely see the road, when
we could
chun chut hu kio sam-kia" hie" toa; he stretched we arrived. bo ki cu ci", ai" kh'iam i kai mih
out an arm as large as a small log. su ? For so small a sum, why run in debt to
him ? hai" kau ta" le, khiam ki ; having m
n iN ki 25 To ask
the spirits to decide ; made payments along now, owes no great
until
r I 335 8 to seek counsel or aid of spirits, amount, huang-slang jit li bvvn ki; the emperor
ki tieh co-ni t-a"? What advice did you get
daily attends to every kind of affair.
from the spirits ? ci'a si to lau-ia ko ki ksu ;
this is what was obtained through consultation ki 184 Dearth ; scarcity ; famine ;
with the god. khu sin kp ki lai, li ta° ho ;

334hungry. T2
went and consulted the spirits, and got an hu kai ti-hng toa ki-hng there is a famine in ;
aflSrmative response. that counti'y. ki-hng kai ti-hng u jieh khuah ?

Over how wide a region does the famine ex-
f~*l ki 5 To seek counsel or aid of spirits tend ? cek kok huang ki ; lay up grain
Pl L 335 5 by a stylus ;
a stick used to against time of dearth. ki-hng kau go si;
write charms in the dust. starved to death through failure of the harvest,
lau-ia kang ki the god descends to the me-
; ki-hng si-coih kai si-hau times of scarcity, ;
dium of communication with him. phah ti- phin-khiong kai nang siu ki siu hang, cham
tiang CO tang-ki ? Of whom is he going to take cSi pu kai nang cu io koi, bue ki li cu cin ciah,
:
possession ? ua thoi"-ki'' kai tang-ki chok- bue hang li cu cin i ; the poor suffer hunger
DICTIOXARY OF TU\i SWATOW DIALECT. 235
aud cold and are distressed the rich have an

easier time, for before they are hungry food is
brought them and before they are cold tlieir
:
m
pOih trik
ki
334
se"
130
2
ki ;
The flesh
under the skin,
draw out the poison and
or firm muscle
clothes made ready for them to put on. produce firm flesh. ki-hu s6i-ji ;
of fine firm
fiber ; mu.scular; brawny.
ki 118 A
broad hair-pin laid across
ki 04
the back of the head so as
335 6 -h^ Toindicateby pointing toward.
4P9 57to ki ci ki hd
6 he is pointing
i
to bind aud support the coiffure to do up tlie ;
;
hither and thither, hi lai ki khu point back

hair in the style of a girl of marriageable age. ;
and forth. lu ki via thoi"; you point it out to

lu i"-keng kip ki she is now of a marriageable
;
me. thoi" i ki tue ti-ko khu ; see where he
age. cu-nie hue cap-ngo hiie cu kia" ki-16i,
points. theng ki point at random, ki tang
ta-po hue cu kia" k\Vn-16i ; girls of fifteen have
;
their hair dressed in the style for married

ki sai pointing indiscriminately.
; k6 llo ko
kau si, bue la sai-kong cek e ki you may
women, and boys of the same age are capped.
;
work yourself to death making paper articles,

but you can't make too many for a priest to
ki 115 To examine into by compar- dispose of at one wave of his hand.
1^ 335 10 facts, or cir-
ing documents, 49 One's self; myself; private,
cumstances.
bo ho ki-che have not the means of investi-
;
Eki 337
cfl-ki; one's self.
personal, special,
cu-ki ai" kai what I
gating, ki-che 111 chut cannot seai'ch it out. ;
; my-
cia sng si bo ki cu thara these may be reckoned ;
self desire. lu lia sng si ti ki pheng-iu you ;
as unfounded assertions. ki-chak tham kua" and I may be reckoned as friends who know
each other. ua" hun siu ki attend to one's
u-li investigate the wrong doings of covetous
;
;
officials. bo ko ho ki khan have no books own special duties, khwn put iu ki; I am not
;
wherein to hunt out the quotation. my own master, thai nang ju ki; treat others
asyou would yourself be treated. ceng ci" m
bo if you are not saving of the
sieh, ki ci" ;
ki 122 To detain in durance ;

a common fund, your own shax-e will he missing.
?^ 335 19 lockup.
i to kwn ki-sp he has charge of the lockup in
; 1 r ki 16 A bench or low table.
a yaraun.
trate seized
kua" liah i khu siu ki ; the magis-
him aud put him in jjiil.
Û 337 lia ai° co tie" ki-chiig; I want
i chi'a" a small low table made. te ki; a tea-poy.
iiilngkhu kang ki loi he has asked some one ;
khang ki a low table, placed on a divan, to
;
to go and negociate concerning the amount of lean upon, phue ki small stands used upon a ;
money to be presented to the jailor on letting couche. kha-biie-ki; a lamp-stand to set at

him out. kwn ki kai nang kah ki lai kai lau the foot of a bed.
huam htng-ui i the jailor and the crimi-
cu ai° ;
nals in the lockup try to torment him. ki

S^^ ki 120 A year; a period of twelve
kai a tablet on which verdicts are written,
; ^hLi 337 3 years annals; to write down, ;
i kim ni ii sim-mih ni-ki? What is liis

age
now ? i kai ni-ki io khin, m
ki 149 To mock to satirize to pi i si ni-ki lau ;
-^^^ ; ; laugh he is still rather young, and it is not as if he
PJ^ 334 12" at.
was aged. ki-l6k cek chii honorably record-
cang ue ki-chng i
jeered at him. ceng nang
;
;
to ki-chie i ; they are all deriding him.

ed in the Civil Office, ceng siu cek ki; added
ki-
twelve more years to his life, i si co sie keng-
chio ; to ridicule. nang to ki-chi'o i, i thia" m ki kai nang ; he is one who trades in a small
pat to khu ; when people are scoffing at him,
he does not understand what they say. way. ni ki ce lau-toa mih su cu co lai ; m
when advanced in years, one can do nothing.
ki 102 The demesne which in ancient ki partner 149 an assistant A

m it
; ;
334 10 times pertained to the Em- 338 a comrade, 2

peror it measured a thousand li on each side,
;
pho lai eng kiii kai hue-ki ? How many clerks
the court being in the centre the court. ;
are employed in the shop ? ci kai seng-li si ka-
kia"-ki ; the capital, the
region about the ki kai, a si kio nang co hvie-ki is this business ;
palace. kia"-ki kai ti-hng io ngiam-sok in the ; wholly your own, or have you a partner in it ?
vicinity of the Imperial palace, the regulations cek hiie-ki i"-keng thiah chut khu; one partner
are strict. has withdrawn from the firm.
23G DICTIONART OF TBB 8WAT0W DIALECT.
•îl|
nu
,
i
340
kai mia" ki-l6k
ki 149
~3~
To record ; to register ; to fix
in the mind.
to ko ; his name is registered.
m ki
343
similar to chess.
75
8
The game
with thirty-two
of chess,
men ;
played
games
cb kai ki-ho ;
make a written sign. sia" cu nan l&i teh ki ; let us play chess. si ki" teh
teng ki; it
tt is written in the holy books. ci chle"-k!, a teh ui-ki ? Shall we play chess or
kia" 6U kia" teng cb-ni ki ? What is written in draughts ? ui-ki a game played with 360
;
the scriptures in regard to this ? ua ia-si pieces, on a board with 361 squares. ki p6 ;
kfang ki sa" kue cu pat ; if I read it over three the moves in chess. ci pd ki toi" cfii that ;
times with my mind

firmly fixed upon it I shall was a first rate move. ci po ki kla° klm kku,
know it. mien-kiang lai ki ; force one's self cu ciah tieh i cek liap ; by this move you will
to keep a thing in mind. lia buang-ki khi ; take one of his men. phah ki-kek, kia" pO si
1 have forgotten it. ki-llam ; to bear in mind. &ng soi", o &u ; in laying out a game of chess,
the red moves first, and the black next. lia
k\ 71 An adverb of time when
pai kai ki kek lii phah ; I will lay out a problem
; ;
339 7 since already a sign of the in cbesH for you to solve. tfi" cSk
po, ki tla"-
; ;
past tense. tla" cQ su you make but one false move you
;
if
ki si cie°-8e" cu tieh cai ; since it is thus, it is will lone the i k&i ki io toi", lu k&i kt
game.
best to know it. ki-jien jii ch6, mî" ik" ; teh i m kue he is a better player than yon,
;
it being thus, say nothing about it. ki si and yon cannot win the game against him.
th6i°-ki", co-nS rn pat i ? Since you have seen Id Q ki-pAa" li b6 ki-cf, lia Q ki-cf li b6 ki-piia';
him why do you not know him ? cfa sng si ki
you have a chess-board, but no men I have :
liang k&i pu; this is something that is past and chess-men, but no board, ta" cf cSk tieh kl cu
gone, ki u ci kfi.i su Iti c6-ni ni ta"? Since this cuah t6a-b(5-m6eh ; this set of chess-men now
condition of things exists, why do you not say lacka ever so many of being complete. Id kfti
so ? ki-jien bI hku", c6-ni hwn lio td tau khie ? ki hd iile i u cSk liap cf in the game played ;
Since he assents to it, why is he still putting

you should give him a man. phk"-ki la ii sin
impediments in the way ? ki-keng kua"-hii sien po ; even in the game of fox-and-geese
sfm kue kui chu c6-ni b6i tit ? Seeing that the there are deep moves, hiia ki a drawn game. ;
magistrate has already had the case before him &i)g s^ng the red won.
;
cek hu ki ci a set of ;
several times why is it not settled ? chess-men. ki bd chiang kun ; one does not
120 ki A
line of succession in kin- repeatedly check with the same move. i k&i
ki sf lio he ia check-mated.
14 338
dred to continue on, as one ;
;
taking the duties or place of another to adopt 70 A flag, a banner, a standard.

;
"^ll^ ki
an heir ; successively; hereditary,
ki b<5 ; a step-mother, or an adopted mother.
/t^ 344 10 ki-kua"; a flag staff,
cek ki ki ; a flag. ki-jin baunnerraen. ki- ;
ki sit a second wife. si ki chu kai bo ; it is
;
kua" tau ; an ornament at the top of a flag-
the wife that was taken in addition to one
staff, seng ki ; hoist a flag, ki liu khi khu a
already married. cek ki b6 no ki ; only one
bue ? Is the flag run up yet ? lu thoi" ki ceng
can occupy the second place, i kai soi kai kfa"
loh a hue ; see whether the flag is hauled down
kue ki pun i a-hia" he passed his youngest
;
yet or not. ci ki ki toa ki, oh liu this flag ;
son over to his elder brother, to be his heir,
i hu cek being large is diflBcult to hoist, cheng tSu ki;
pang-thS,u ki in phu, kau kiii c&p ni a banner borne ahead, to clear the way for a
a,u cia° ki tit khi ; that branch of the family
procession. i k&i ki si sim-mih ho ? What is
did not increase in numbers through the
the device on his banner ? ki-chi pai-liet
adopted heir, until after several tens of years, kau chiam-chiam flags and streamers ranged
when it flourished through the young clans- ;
i kî cun chah a

at symmetrical distances.
men adopted, ci k&i ki'a" ki tit khi i a-pe kai i td khia cong
ki their boat carries a flag.
;
ci this son carries out his father's ci'a
; plans, tui ki ; he carries the regimental flag. si-
ki i a-pe kai su, ki m
khi ; this one is not able
6a''-kak ki ; triangular
to fill his father's place. pang ki oblong
; flags.
flags. ki-leng thia"; the head-quarters of the
Jdb^ 104 A
mole black or red spots
ki ;
commander, hue-ki-kok ; a common name for
yil^ on the body.
61 7 the United tates. Stai-cheng-kok kai ki-ho si
i kai min
teng cek liap ki she has a mole on ; eng sa"-kak ng ki, tin-tang ue leng kai the ;
her face, si o ki a si ang ki ? Is it a black or a Chinese flag is a yellow triangular one, with a
brown mole ? ki teng kah no tio mo" hph tng ; dragon in the centre. ngo sek ki ; a many
there are two long hairs growing from the mole. colored flag. mo°-hd° cue ai° kS, khia toa Id
DICTIONARt OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 287
k&i ; tbe tiger always falls upon the chief flag-

bearer. ki-jin si hun cp poih ki the banner- ;
men are divided into eight corps. IE

ki 64 Skill ; dexterity.
347 c§k chiu hd kl g5i ; he is very
4 i
dextrous. lai thoi" nang pliali ki fong ; come

and see these sleight of hand performances.
ta° to hSng tit th6i''-ki" nang khu cin cap ki ;
we now Seldom see one who is dextrous in all

the various sorts of physical exercises.
ki 9 Clever, talented.
yfJ^
IX. 341 4 ki-kba ingenious, thoi" i ti'en
;
sim-mih ki-li'ang chut lai see what talent he ;
displays.
ki 38 A
courtesan ; a singing-girl.
341 ki-nng; a prostitute.
4 i si to
tng ki kai nang she is one who gets her living

;
ki-kwn ; a brothel. i si to ki-kwn

by vice.
chut sin she came out of a brothel.
;
f—^j ki 61 To shun to avoid to keep ; ;
îld\ 340 T
aloof from; to dislike; a shrink-
ing from jealous antipathy,
; ;
ko-ki; envy; jealousy, i kai naug ko-kl cSi; he is

of a very jealous disposition, mih su to si ko-
ko ki-ki ; is jealous about to all sorts of things.
i siang teng ki i she has the greatest dread
;
of him. m
cai ki i mih su; do not know why
he shuns him. i sim si ki nang ii ch&i-ch^ng ;
he is very envious of other people's ability, co

mih su to bo ki-tSng ; he acts without respect
for anybody. ciie pi-ki ci kia" su; keep as
far aloof as possible from this sort of thing, ci
kia° su to ci kai ti-hng si toa pi-ki kai in this ;
region the utmost pains is taken to avoid doing

this. peh su bo kim-ki; have no superstitions
dread in doing any sort of thing. kia°-jit ki
sin, mng-khi-ca co-ni ii hi to-day is the anni- ;
versary of the emperor's death, and how was it

that there was a play this morning ? ki jit ;
to avoid doing something upon a certain day,

as the anniversary of a day when a friend died.
Q nang co cek kia" su cu ki cie° ki hie", ua Ii
long-cong bo ki ; some people, in doing things,
shun this and shun that in superstitious fear :
as for me I do not shrink from doing things at

any time whatever.
ki 61 Perturbed ; uneasy ;
a sudden
340 8 start.
kai kia'-ki kai pe"; he has lately a
i cie"-si tit
disease arising from nervous agitation.
238 DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT,
ra ki" mAeh
kai nkng ; the loser of the stolen hii ;
on the margin of the pool, fishing with
goods, rank hue, thoi" i7i ki"; ray eyes are dim, hook and line. mai" khia khah \in kl" do ;
and I cannot see. ce lS,u, hi" lang clVi, phah not stand too near the brink. i kia"
tin-tang,
kbng cheng to thia" m ki"; being old, is bo i kia"
sang ki"; one walked in the middle, and
very deaf that he would not hear if you were the other two walked on the two sides. ceng
to fire off guns beside him. i si sie" ki°; he ki"; the rim of a cup. kim ki" kai pue ; gilt
has thought it out. cfa su cfi-lai m pat bun- edged cups, si ki"; on all sides. ie khah ti",
ki"; I never heard of such a thing before, lia lau chut lia" ki"; dipped it too full and it rau
ca-rae" mang-ki" cek kia" 8U ; I dreamed some- over the edge of the bowl.
thing last night. phl° ki" u kai bi ;
sraell an
odor, sui-sl cia buo pat sie ki"; 167 Tongs.
kl"
i
ang although >fe|l
they are husband and wife they have never yet
i^H 389
5 khia thih-kt" khu koih take ;
it up with the tongs. i ki thih-ki° khah

seen each other. lu pat 6io°-ki° rae ? Have liig,
huam su to tieh ki" ki"; khah au chiu tho.se tongs are too long, and
you ever tasted it ? ;
for everything there must be a perceptible open- are unhandy.
ing. mo"-ki"; look off and see. mo" ki"; m — kia —

cannot see when gazing far off. ke cek jit cQ
ki" sua"; in another day wo shall see land. -l|rt
kia 19 To add
superadd ; to in- ;
to
ca
chut cu mOng ki", ta" c6-ni mong ki"; when m // M 350 B crease
to promote ; ;
to confer ;
to charge as interest. kia ke cek choh put

I tried before I could fuel it, why is it that I ;
in some more. kia-hong i kai kua"; promote

cannot now find it (as by feeling in the dark
him in office, ii kia bo kiam ; there is increase,
for it)? khut lia jin-ki"; was recognized by
but no diminution. si kia it thiu a s! kia jl
me. cin ki" ct'k kla" sii chii-bl cJii ; dreamed
thiu ? Is it to be increased by one tenth or by
something very funny. tiii-tiii kliut tia ngS-
ki"; was exactly hit upon by rae.

by two ? cia si kia ham kTii, m si sit ceh; this
phong ki"; is his nominal rank, not his real office. kia
to chance upon. ci tie" keh ble tit ki" me ?
un ; confer favor. kia ceng ; to superimpose.
Can you follow
the squares in this tracing
paper ? cQang him.
ki"; carao across
lia f"- 9 Beautiful and good.
kia
keng ki" kiie; 1 have seen it before, ua li phl°
m ki"; I do not smell it. chue ki" me ? Have
î
news
351
6
is there ?
sim-raih kia im ? What good
lu kai kia cak khieh lai khut
you found it ? chue m ki"; I cannot find it. lia pai thak ce bring your elegant composition
;
xia tang-csi to hien-ki" li ;
a little while ago I and let me have the reading of it. i kai bl
saw in turning over the leaves.
it ta" cp-ni Bira kia its flavor is very fine. kia-jin phue
jvvn pue, piie m
ki"; now however much I turn
;
ch&i-cu; a beautiful lady matched with a talent-

the leaves to and fro, I cannot find it again.
ed man. ciam jip kia keng gradually enter
fam-ki";'peep at, bie-ki"; to
pore over, ki" m into the beautiful scenery of the region.
;
khu to disappear gone from view. c6k ki si

; ;
m-ki"-kliu ; one spoon is missing. chio ki"; kia 80 To commend to eulogize.

;
hold audience, cliam-ki" cie"-si ; visit a super- 351 11 ci kia" su sit cS.i klid kia ; this
ior officer, hak-ki"; visit a superior, to sai-e is really praiseworthy. chio-theng ceng kia-
ta" li nila°-ke cSi, ce ki" in y cii cek kii b6i i kai kong-lû the government com-
ciang ;
ta": i 81 m pat ki" kua"; in

private he was very mended his public spirit.
glib in telling about it, but as soon has he
was brought into the presence of his superior kia 9 Supposing that; if; for in-
he could say nothing: he had never before 352 9stance; to transfer; leave of
been before a magistmte. ki" ke ki" cap gua absence ;
a furlough.
hue had audiences with the emperor more
; Id kia-ju ai" should you make
lai li soi" ta";
than ten times, cui cheng, ki" cieh ; the water up your mind come, then let us know before-
to
is so clear you can see the stones at the bottom, hand, kia-sdi i a m le cp-ni ne ? Supposing
h^n khui ki" jit ; the clouds disperse and the that he will not do it, what then ? kia chiu
sun appears. 6i tit ki" i ka-ki cii hd
;
if I khut pat nang cp; transfer it to another person,
could see him himself all would be well. that he may do it. thi" kia cu wn ; heaven
gave the chance, hu kia ho" ui ; the fox takes

162 The margin,
_^^ ki"^ edge, brink, advantage of the tiger's majesty, kp kia ; aak
kia-jiak a-sl ii lu ai" me ?
68(3 15 border, side, brim, boundary, leave of absence
/^SLr .
hai ki"; the sea-shore. ciii ki"; water side, If there should be some, do you want them ?
khoi ki"; banks of the river. to ti ki", tie" kia mua" lio ; his furlough has expired.
DICTIONARY OF THE SWAIOW DIALECT. 28d
kia 40 To hand over to another to

— kia" —
HT 339
8 carry into the ; to deliver
"i;—I kia" 8 A capital or metropolis ;
er-
charcfe of another; to remain awhile in a house,
kia sin; send a letter, cf ko sui khieh khu kia;
-^ 403 6 cellent.
kia" sia"; the capital city. pak-kia"; Peking.
take this letter and post it. lu ai" kia sin khu h\m kia"; the southern capital, Nanking. cie"
chu me ? ai" li, lia ko sin thba kia lii Are you ;
kia"; go to Peking, kia" ie°; Peking fashions,
going to send a letter home ? If so, I will send kia" su ; the metropolis, kia" cui pit ; the best
one along with it. lu cie" jit kia kai sin, lia sort of pencil. i to cp kia"-ki tia kai
gu-sii ;
cih tieh Ho; I have received the letter jôu sent be is the mayor of the city of Peking. kia°-
the other day. lu u tah kha nang ho kia me ? to ii kui kai sia" mng ; the outer wall of the
Have you given it to any one to post ? lu cle° capital has several gates, u kia" pp kau; news
jit hi kia cap nie ngun
lai a si ? You sent m from the capital has arrived. kia"-chau ; the
ten taels the other day did you not ? ua
Peking Gazette. cin kia"; go to the capital,
hwr-lio kia ti no kia" much to ko, cp-iil bo siu chut kia"; sent to perform duties outside the
tieh ? I sent two articles besides, and why were
capital.
they not also received ? ci kp sin khieh khu
kia hue-cun, ci ko kia to-cun, ci ko kia pang
sin-kek ko take this letter and put it on board
;
^^
/JDCl 404 7
kia" 120 Classics
kia" cu; the classics, i ngo-
; religious manuals.
the steam-boat to be carried, take this one and kia" si-su long-cong thak pat; he has studied
forward it by the ferry boat, and take this one so as to thoroughly understand all the Five
and put it in the post-office, i kia khau sin lai Classics and Four Books.
kang ua ta"; he sent a letter to tell me. lu ia
ai" khu li lia ai" kia-hu lu no ku iie if you are
going I want to entrust a short message to you

;
^^
^h^ 13403
To terrify; to scare; to
kia" 187
fear afraid alarmed, ; ;
to carry, xia ci kia" much kia thoh Id; I entrust lu mai" kia"; don't be frightened. mai" kia"-
this to you to carry, ci kia" mueh si pat nang tong i
;
do not alarm her. i thia°-tieh sim si
kia boi kai ; this is something some one else kia"-hai ;
when she heard
she was very much it
commissioned me to sell, nang kia lia boi chph startled. lu kia"-ui mih su ? What are you
mueh biie ceng boi some one asked me to buy
; afraid of ? kia"-ui i ce m to cu bp ho hiah; am
some things which I have not yet
for him, apprehensive lest he be away from home, and
fcought. i khu chu me ? Has he sent
ii kia ci" so we have no place in which to pass the night,
any money home ? nang kia ii kp phoi khut lu; kia" si nang scare people to death.
;
ci chph
some one has sent an epistle to you. kia kp nug khieh khu kio mong nang ak kia"; take
hwn phoi khut i a-hia"; dispatch a foreign let- these eggs and go and present them to a certain
ter to his brother, kia ui; send paper clothing person to remove disquietude, i hp-hp si-si cii
to a departed friend, by the spirit of one who kia" huang when he is just as well as usual
;
has more lately died. kia-ngp to i hang lai ; he starts suddenly. si kip-kia"-huang a si
lodge temporarily in his warehouse. i

sng si mang-kia''-huang ? Is it fits that he has, or
kia ku kai ; he is a transient visitor. convulsions? kip-kia" si kia" chu nang, mang-
kia" si kia" sin-so"; fits alarm the liousehold,
kia 46
sheer precipitous.
Steep
llj^^ ; ;
but convulsions scare the doctor. th6i"-t£eh
UlPj 342 kai sua" kia, oh peh ; this
8 ci
sim kia" ta" cien when I saw it I shook with
mountain is steep, and hard to climb. kue ;
fright. thia"-tieh kia"-i when he heard it he

kau ci kai kia-kia kfii nia cros.sed to this ;
;
was astounded. ra kia"-pha"; does not fear,

abrupt descent. kia-kham a precipice. ci
be khut i ce
;
kia" kau kong dazed by fear.
tio lo 10 kia ; this road is rather steep.
;
kia
kia" tJeh cii theng pliau the horse, when he is ;
kue piah, peh cai tit khi ? It is steeper than a
frightened, runs away. cia si to phah chaa
partition wall, and how can it be climbed ? kia" cua this is beating the grass to scare
;
^g^ kia 173 To make a crashing noise ; away the snakes. miu kia"; min-eng kia";
^^ 694 T3" a clap. there no cause for alarm.
is lia m kia"; 1 am
a-kong kia leh, m cai si ii kha si sim-mueh ;

not afraid, hai i kia" kau khiu terrified him ;
the god of thunder is making an uproar, per- so that he shook with fear. kia" kau to tong;
adventure something has been killed. hd-hp trembling with fright, kia" kau khap-cek-tiin;
si-si lui-kong kia leh when there was nothing ;
kia" kau phah-chun-lun quivering with fear, ;
to indicate its coming, there was a sudden kia" kau sim-kua"-thau piak-piak phah so ;
clap of thunder. a-kong î° kia leh lu tieh frightened that my heart throbbed violently.
cai ;
it is
going to thunder and I forewarn you. i m cai kia"; he is unconscious of fear. kia"
240 DICTIONART OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT.
kû sim-kua"-Uiaa p6k-p6k th\o ; so frightened kfa";with child. fang kjLi kia"; adopt a child,
that my heart leaped into throat.
my thoi" meng-leng kai kia"; an adopted child. chin
tieli kia" si; was ahnost frightened to death se" kia"; own child. chi kia"; rear children,
when I saw it. In oi kia° a b6i ? Are you kia" chl kau toa bring up a child.
; ho kia"; a
alarmed i c6 bu lo u kia° sira
? he sicts with ; good son. h<J kia" mien-eng ke ; if
your sons
caution. thak-cu a si b6 kia" sira, thak c5i tit are good you do not need many of them. ah
pat ? If one studies without
solicitude as to the kia"; a duckling, chng kia"; a small table. i"
result, how can he learn ? mai" i

kia"; a little chair, be kia"; a colt, ngio kia";
khi^ kia"-jio
;
do not go and disturb him. kia" ksiu au"-au"- a kitten. gu kia"; a calf, kau kia"; a puppy,
kie so frightened that I screamed,
;
kia" kau cun kia"; a small boat, chu kia"; a hut. piia"
sit hAn kia" kj\u b6 hun frightened out of
; ; kia"; a little plate, lia" kia"; a little bowl. to
his wits. kia" kh,u he"-h6-kie ; so frightened kia"; a pen knife. ka-(o kia"; scissors. ka"-
that he fainted. kia" kku lang puah 16h. kia"; small oranges. tia" kia"; a saucepan,
khu ; so frightened that she fell down in a sang kha kia" iu"-iu"; very small feet.
swoon. raki" kia" can i do not sâre him ;
away, kia" kau a-ntV che"; a-nft" khut Id kia' kia" 167 A mirror ; any reflecting
che"; you have wakened the baby. miti" kia" 4(>G IT surface; to brighten; to
che" do not startle and waken him. i bd tji",
i ;
illu.strate ;
lustrous.
lii-kia";he is easily frightened. ci kai ta" toa mak-kia"; spectacles, kiia raak-kia"; wear eye-
cSi, cng kai iTi iii-kia"; this one is very courage- glasses, iara choi"-li-kia"; to look through a
ous, and is not easily perturbed, i si 1(5 phien
spy-glass. kia"-kia"; a small mirror. tang-
kia" i he is trying to frighten her.
;
sit cSi kia" thau kia"; a small looking-glass suspended from
nang really frightful, mai" tfti kia" sfo kiiai
; ; the lapel of the tunic, chiu kia"; a hand-glass,
do not be alarmed. kia" kiu shrink through ; kia" phin ; a mirror on a stand. kia" thai; a
fear, ku kai than kia" kiu khu the tortoise ; cheval-glass. hap kia"; a mirror which folds
draws in its head when scared. mai" kia" c\e" together in the middle, chwn sin kia"; a pier-
kia" hie"; do not be disturbed by every thing. glass, tang kia"; a metalic mirror. hien-miii°-
kia"; a microscope. cie-siu kia"; a looking-
kia" 198 A large deer, described as glass, peh-hue-kia'; a kaleidoscope, hu-sirn-
404 8 having one horn and a cow's kia"; a breastplate. kia" khuang a picture ;
tail,probably referring to the nylghau. frame. kia nfik ; the picture itself. kun-
tek-kia"; the chevrotain, or mouse-deer ; a small sl kai mak-kia"; glasses for the near sighted.
antelope, tek-kia" nek ; antelope flesh. kia" o-cia" mak-kia"; colored spectacles. hue kia";
phue to ; a leather fob. glasses that are convex. iang raak kai kia";
glass screens for the eyes, cang ciii ciiu-co kia"
V^ kia" 9 Now the present. ho iara ; use water as a reflector to see it in.
^
me ? Have you any
398 2
;
ki'a'.jit;
to-day
to-day.
? kia"- jit
kia"-3tt
hue u, tieh
iS ci" to a-ma kia" toi ;
meng kia"; clear glasses.

unsubstantial wealth,
phi-ju kia" toi kai
mua-ca ; we have none to-day, and you must hue, ciii toi kai gueh ; like the reflection of a
wait till to-morrow. flower in a mirror or of the moon in a pool,
chiu kau kng-kia" kng-kia" ne ; polish it till it
.^ 1^^
89 A
child ; a son ; diminutive ;
kfa" is lustrous. kia"-mia kia°-mia ; gleaming. i
J 1030 small. kai min phiie khah kng-kia"; his skin is two
kia°-tl ; sons. toa kia" ; the eldest son. soi shiny. iam kia"; look in the mirror. biia
kia"; a young child. biie kia"; the youngest kia"; to polish, to burnish. phua kia" teng
child. kia" sun ; children and grandchildren. i"; to match the pieces of a broken looking-
kia°-sai ; son-in-law. tau-kia"; a son. cau- glass, kia" cai ; the centre of a mirror. pp.
kia"; a daughter, cu-nie kia"; a young damsel, li kia";
glass mirrors. o kia" theng ; a shell
ca-bo kia"; a female child, a nie kia"; a young window.
ladv. ta-po kia"; a male child. sun-kia";
little grandson. kia" ji children.
;
bo kia" kia" 40 kia°-se" ;
a parasitic growth ;
b6 ji ; childless. sieh ang sieh kia"; a loving Pj 339 8" fungus.

wife and mother, lu kiii kai kia" ? many How sieh-liu kia".se, sng-siii kia"-se", ho co ieh ;
children have you ? pho a-no"-kia°; carry a the fungus that grows upon pomegranate and
child in the arms. a-no"-kia" hue coi ; has mulberry trees is used in medicine. ci cang
many children. kio kia"; to take care of a chiu hwt kau ceng-ceng kia"-se"; this tree is
child. se" kia"; give birth to a child. all covered with fungus.
kang
btCttONAKt OF THE SWATOW DIALKCT. 241
k\a'104 Irregular scars on the skin.

this cannot be effected. cang cf k6 c6 kia"
th&i ; make use of this as an official lodging in
653 To i kai rain tcng pliua kai
travelling. kia" ge-mng nang a habitue of
i kTii hiah-kak
;
kia"'"; he has
a scar on his face,
the yamun. i i6 kia" tl kai ge-mng? Which
se-su kia"; there is a little scar ou
tîig phiia
his forehead. yamun does he transact business in ? kia°-ui ;
behaviour, actions. kia" ke kai jit-cf the ;
kia" 144 To walk to move along wedding day. thong kia"; make a circuit ;
^rik ; ;
kia" hue-mueh loh se"; send off

"J J 207 to go ;
to act; to do; to send to permeate.
off ;
to let. goods to the provincial city.
kia" lo lo teng to kia" kai nang
to travel. ;
;
those walking along the road. kia" ta" lo ; 9 An item or thing ;

a classifier,
went by the wrong road. kia" hii kia" kliu ;

#kia"
386 of wide application
4 ;
it often
to move to and fro. kha tlua" boi kia"; has a corresponds to the definite article,
sore foot and cannot walk. kia" ni cin-coi"; mueh-kia"; things; stuff; articles. chiii Ida";
makes no progress. kia" ho

walk properly, ;
remmants. put kue sin lang kia"; have but a
few left. ua ai" boi kau kia"; I want to buy a
lu si po kia" lai, a si co kle iai ? Did you
kia" m kau whole one. kia" tho kui ke no kai ngun ;
come on foot, or in a chair ? ;
cannot walk there. kia" hph liiig walked a opium by two dollars per ball,
balls are dearer,
hue ? How many sorts of
;
kia" bo ua-hng had not gone lai li

jieh coi kia"
great distance, ;
li ci cek kia" tia"; have
far. kia" kau kha sng; walked till tired, goods have come ?
only this sort. u kia" sim-mih su i cu kang-
khang i kia"; lead him along. chah i kia";
kho cSi if he has the least thing to do he is
support him by the arm while he walks. pho ;
OTerburdened. cek kia" su an affair. toa"

kia"; carry him along in the arras.
;
i to-kia";
kia" cun kia" hok-sek one garment. ua ai" cng kia"
to walk backward ; to retrograde. ;
ci ciah cun cek jit kia" kio lu boi I will buy the whole lot from you.
kai nang; boatmen. ;
How far does this boat go in lu ai" boi ksiu kia" li cii sng phi" ce ; ifyou are
ii jieli coi 16 ?
a day ? kia" bo no po cu hiah ;
had scarcely going to buy the whole lot I will let you have
started leng m kia"; cannot
when he stopped, them a little cheaper. eng chun bo pua" kia";
used them all up, so that there is not one left,
push it along, kia" cau hasten on. kia"-kia"
;
ke cng li jieh coi kia" ? How many articles are
cau-cau on the go. i boi kia", lu ho ia i he ;
;
there in the wedding outfit ? ua" kia"; a case in
is unable to walk, you must carry him on your
back. kia" lo kiie-uang kai nang the passers ;
law. nang mia" kai iia" kia"; a case involving
life. kia"-kia" kii chwn everything is ready,
by. a-no"-kia" cia" ip oh kia"; the child is ;
biie oh kia" soi" oh pue cek kia" cek kia" bun khui; .set each by itself.
learning to walk. ;
chut kia"; CO kiii kia" sa"-kh6 lai cheng ; make a few

learn to fly befoi-e learning to walk,
kia" thit-thp ; walk for pleasure, clothes to wear. hie" coi mueh-kia"; so many-
start on.
to 6i can do each kind,
kia" a m
kia" ne ? Can it be made to go or not ? things. kia°-kia" ;
ci kai si-ceng boi kia"; this clock does not go.

kak kia" 16ng-c6ng u-pl ho ; all things are ready.
kia" sien ; to act righteously, kia" tek to do ;

11
jieh coi kia" ? How
many of them are there ?
kia" loi-sio; to observe the rules of cho kia"; coarse ones. lu" kia"; fine ones. i
good.
kia" leng ; transmit orders. kia" kai f-u kia" coi ; he has much business, lu tieh
etiquette.
bun-tu to send off a dispatch.
;
kia" cai to ;
cai sio kia"; you must count them.
inform officially, kia" cai kak kui"; let all the
district magistrates know. kia" khui kha ; m kia" Sturdy hale vigorous.
67 ; ;
does not get started. ci kia" su chia" ti-tiang

366kia"-cang ; robust.
8 i sui-si
Whom
will you invite to take lau, hwn-lio khin-kia"; although he is old he is
chut lai kia"?
still active. ciah po ieh, ciah i kia" ce ; take
the lead in this matter ? feU rL kia"; the busi-
ness makes no progress, ua thia"-ki" ci kia" su tonics, so as to gain vigor.

Bi chia" mong kong-chin chut lai kia" iit lio ; I — kiah —
heard that this matter had been placed in the
hands of a certain middle-man and that he -f-=tt 64 To pry at sidewise, as in
kiah
had settled it. kia" haam follow dangerous ; J^^ 375 12 picking a Chinese door,
courses, m-hp kia" huang-hiam kia" un-tang : khut chak kiah rang jip khi had his door ;
cia°hp do not follow dangerous courses to go

;
:
pried open by a thief, who got in. wing li
in the path of safety is best, ci kia" su ua la" khut chak kiah khui, miieh li boi m ki"; the
ni kia" ;
I cannot talk about this matter. sai door was pried open by a thief, but nothing
m kia"; cannot send on. ci kai su kia" m khu ;
was missing.
242 RICTIONAET OP THE SWATOW DIALECT.
kiah 64 To bring to mind to make in addition. kiam li ie" bQ manages foreign

;
Jb^ ;
affairs besides. i kiam 6i cO cf he can
JF^ 378 9 known to borrow,
;
t-u i«.'° ;
kiali toa"^; a promissory note. kiah hSng ; alsoadd this to the other things which he does,
debts liabilities, kiali sio ; borrowed moneys, kiam ke cek h^ng khang-khue attends to the ;
;
u kiah liio chut lai a bue ? Has the list of work of another warehouse also. no nang
fiuccessfnl candidates been published yet? t(5
kiam eng ; the two both use it. i khi ko li'o, u
hu-ko kiah u jieh coi ngAn ? How much money kiam si'a a b6 ? After he had made the rough
did he got there ? draft, did he write out a fair copy besides ?
kiah To open up, or out; to spread

64 kiam 76 Toto examine.
assort ;
708
12 or distribute around ; to lift ; 385 18 m
kfam-tiam khu did
cai ;
to separate by a jerk. not think to look them over carefully and mark
kiah khui; to lift apart; to thrust aside; to them. Id tieh soi sira kiam-tfam you must ;
open up as to the air or to tlie light. kiah labelthem carefully. phai c<^k iii tai-chin to
khui po-liam cii th6i".ki°; lifted the curtain kam-tok sio-kiara ; depute a nobleman to over-
and saw cua kiah khui kliut i la; lift the
it. see the search of the persons of the candidates
bundles of paper out and spread them so that for admission to the examinations, che-kiam ;
they will air. kiah toa lak cQ kiah tit khui ;
to examine.
lift with force and then you can lift them apart.
kfara 15 To diminish ; to lessen ;
to
kiah 44 A
patten ; a wooden shoe or 383 9 abbreviate; to make less do ;
^^ 392 T
clog, used in rainy weather. to take away a part.
cheng sang kai &ng phue kluh ; wear a pair of ke-ci" b6 kiam ; no abatement in the price,
pattens with red upper leathers. kh6k-kh6kF kiara ke thwn raia"; sell at a reduced price in
kie, cheng sang cha-thfia kiah cu l&i came ; order to render it popular, i ki° kfam i k&i
clamping along in a pair of wooden clogs, sio bue, i li hau°; he wants him to throw off
lu
cang kiah ; pattens made from the fiber of the the balance of the account, but he will not.
liai cih kiah kha; broke the heel off
coir palm, nge-nge kiam i k&i forcibly insisted on an
;
the patten by stepping on the side of the foot, abatement, thd kiam i kai sla ngwn ; ask him
ciap kiah kha ; put a new snpport under the to let him have it for less than it cost, u kiam
patten, teng kiah pho a shop when clogs are ; a bo ? Did he take off anything from the
made. kiah kha in li'o k&i ui kAi ui ; tracks price ? cai kiara ce ; take off a little more,
made with muddy pattens. th6 teng kai kiah bo ke bo kiam ; neither more nor less. cie''-80
Oi kfii kiah ui tracks made with pattens on
; fl ke b6 kiam ; there
may be increase but not
the mud. kiuh-kia" kha cheng-khih, co i khu; diminution. h(5 kiara me ? Can you not sell it
shook the dust o£E his pattens and went. a little cheaper ? lu sng kiam ce, lia co ce kio
— kiak — lu boi ; let me have it a little cheaper, then I
will buy it from you at once. m-h6 kiam ;
kiak
85 Clean, free from defilement. cannot sell it for less, kiam c6k teng ngi ciie ;
12 soi kau kiak-kiuk peh wash
377 ;
abate somewhat from the legal punishment,
it perfectly white. cek koi" siu-sip kau kiak- i iTi kheng kiam ; he would abate nothing. ci
cu the whole place is made perfectly clean,
;
kheng io ke, ci kheng io kiam this basket has ;
i
cheng-khih-sie" cS,i, thong sin kai i-hok ne more, and that one has less. kiam cek iie ci'
kiak-kiak she is very cleanly, and all the
;
kliut lu let you have it at half the price,
;
clothes she has on are spotlessly clean. khut i kiam tio hoh coi ngun ; had a rather
— kiam — large sum of money taken off by him.
oi khah kiam a boi ? Have I retrenched too
cie-°8e"
kiam 12 Along with together with

;
much ? miig-khi cia° ciah io kiam, ci hue cu
382 8 in addition to ; equally, to khun ; ate less than usual this morning, and
keng kiara thi°-si juah ;
besides all that, the am now hungry. kiam chph; take some off
rae°
weather is kiam ii pat ie° su cp and
very hot. ;
with the hand, kiam toa-bp-mueh ue; con-
ta"
besides I have something else to do. sie kiam tracted his speech very much. kia" tiii ci kp,
kai kai ti-hng ; adjacent ground. ti-hng sie kia" kiam cek pho Io by going this way, will
;
kiam kai; the two lots have the same boundary, diminish the length of the journey by a league.
chai mau" kiam chwn; the toute ensemble; the cie°-se° kiam-kiam to m kiam ; pincliing and
mind, manners, and person. kiam niap tie- scrimping thus does not diminish it a particle,
ciu hii m; manages the Tie Ciu Department lu kiam i kui hue ? How much younger are
you than lie? kliah ki'am ; inadequate, "kinm bp kiam there are no condiments for the din-
;
(O kiii sia"; reduced to a small proportion, ner, bo kiam bo ci'a", cp-ni ciah ? There is
ki'am kau lai co ce bo kliu kept taking a little
;
neither salt nor fresh food, so what are wo to
off till it was all gone. tu-kiam ; to subtract, eat ? thi°-si juah, tieh u no ie" ho kai klara-
eng ki'am jieh coi nung ? How many less men sng cia" ciah tit Iph the weather is hot, and
;
are employed ? ta" eng I'o kfam nang fewer ;

one must have two good relishes in order to
men are now employed. niu kai nang-,s\o oi eat anything. hi6"-6e° kiara tak-tiik, ciah cSi
kiam a boi ? Do you lack any from the full tit loh ? How can one eat it when it is so very
complement of men ? ci'a si kiam-cau kiii koi- salt ? Iph khah kiam khu: ua ciah tieh kiam
cheli ; tins is a ru.se for making the enemy kau kho it is salted too much to me it tastes
;
:
believe him to be weak, si th(5 kiam cu hai" m so salt as to bo bitter, cek sin kiam c3,i rae"- :
i ki'am, thp ke cu hai" ke, c\e ko we do not ;

me" lai hia" ciii s6i-ek I am drenched with ;
sell for a low price to those who offer a low perspiration heat some water as quickly as
:
price, and sell for a higher price to those who possible for me to bathe in. sa"-kh6 c§
offer more, but we sell for the price marked on kiam tieh cai ua", mai" cheng kau o kiam jun ;
the goods. lu tieh kio lia swn ho kai, ke-ci", when your clothes are soiled change them, and
lia li rxi ki'am lu ka,i you choose a good one
;
do not wear them till they are stiff with dirt,
for me, and I shall not ask you to take a lower ua" u kiam sa"-kh6 to kp a bp ? Are there any
soiled clothes about ? thau-mo° kiam cS.i
price for
:
it.
ham i u-pi lai soi thau his hair is dirty ;
:
.^11 kiam
18 A rapier a sword a ; ;
tell to get ready to have his head washed,
him
M»J 388 13 claymore, tang ciah kiam-kiara, khu kha pliua nang kki
i
chiu teng khia ki kiam held a sword in his ; cui kng wait till he has stuffed himself with
;
hand. ci kai kiam-khak eng kii huang-hai salt and then gone and broken some-
food,
khu this scabbard is worn out by long use.
; one's water jar ; you will some day wish you
kiam nek the sword blade.
;
ua u cek ki po had restrained him in time to prevent mis-
kiam I have a trusty blade.
; chie", ip, kiam, chief, kiam ka" phue preserved orange peel,;
kek, ne chiam-chiam spears, daggers, swords,

; laa kiam siiai"; preserved mangoes. koih n5
and bill-hooks, in regular array, raong kiara ; liap kiam bue, lai phiie ciii nip up two salt ;
to brandish a sword. kiam-sut ; the art of plums and take thera as an accompaniment to
fencing. pang lai kua ki cu-kiam wore a ;
the water you drink.
student's rapier when in his room, kiam sien ;
a,
fairy stiletto, which would kill when ordered /g^ kiam ^ Frugal; sparing; economical.
i cie"-se" khah kiam ; he is
to do so. lia li tiii wn-ie" kai
sang kiam ; 1 |)?A 387 13
have a double sword, two hlades in one sheath. over frugal, i si kiam cai kai nang; she is very
ci ki kiam lai cai this sword is very sharp,
; parsimonious, kiam-siap ; stingy, close-fisted,
lien kiam a tried weapon.
; cu kiam a well- ;
"
tempered blade. lia ai" cp cp kiam-thau kjii j^^ kiam 36 To dream.

ie"; I want it made in the shape of a sword ^^ 610 ki"-kiam
dreamed that he came.
11 i tieh i lai; she
ca me" kiam-ki'
handle. phah cp ki kiam make it into a ;
lia
Bveord. to sua" tang teng tit- tieh
pia"-cu, pd kio lu cp-pu khu thit-thp I dreamed last night ;
kiam ;
when among
the caves got a book on that I went out for recreation with you.
military tactics, and a trusty blade.
— kiang —
kiam 197 Saltish, like sea-water; one X P* kiang 120 A bridle; reins made of
. _ . 198 9 of the five tastes. 363 silk or leather,
?pJS. 13
mai° loh khah kiam do not make it too salt.
;
liu-kiang; to slip the halter and run away, ce
lo kiam make salt by kiam hu; salt m cai kwn, cu khut i liu-kiang khu as soon as
;
pickling, ;
fish, kiam chai pickled cabbage, kiam nng;

; one's attention is turned away, he slips off. to
pickled eggs. kiam hu nng; pickled eggs to kp, cp-ni oi khut i khu ? As he
pak liu-kiang
wrapped in clay, kiam ciii sea water brine, ; ; was tied up, how is it that he could take him-
ci'a cui ci'a" a kiam ? Is this water fresh or
self off like that ?
salt ? iam loh khu bp hie" kiam, ui ai° ien if ;
there is not enough salt put in to make it very %^\ kiang Rigid stiff solid ; dead
78 ; ;
salt, I fear it will putrefy, i I'o toa clah kiam; /By, 363 but not corrupted,
13
he likes things very salt. kiam sng tiara ; kiang-si ; a body in a trance. kiang choi";
salt, sour, and sweet ; mixed flavors. jit-taii silkworms, stiffened as they are just before
weaving the cocoons. \\A k6 chut k&i kiang- country is suffering great calamity. pi ci kfti
si oi hai that place produces a species of
nfi.ng ; kiap 6i tit kue cu ho if we can avoid this dis-
;
corpse, which does not suffer corruption, and aster all will bo well. kiap iia"; a case of
which draws life from people. robbery. lien uang-kng i to ka°
kiap } even
the revenue he dare prey upon.
kiang 102 A limit.
363 14 kiang-kai the frontier. 64 To squeeze
;
kiap out, as liquor*
i
sng si hong kiang tSi-chin ;
he is the high 565 9 from its to drain dry.
dregs ;
officer in charge of the frontier. kiap nl, kiap kau sang-sting; is drain-
ciu-jit to
ed of her milk throughout the day and has
kiang To compel ; to oversee.
57
thus become very thin. i kai sai-khia
ngiin
366 mien-kfang i khu cp con-
8 ;
khut i kiap k.au wi\ his private funds were
strain him to go and do it.
;
si mfen-kmng kfl,i,
all e.vtorted from him by tliern. kiap khah ke
it was by
jIi si
Q-jien kui
(
compulsion, not of
;
kue kM mih khi-lak that which has been
free will, mai" khu kiang khiu; do not seek it bp ;
draitied many times has not much strength.

by underhand ways, png-png si b6i c6, mfen-
kiang CO kau h(5 though really unable to do it
;
•f fW kiap 64 To smooth out by short
he nerved himself up to the accomplishment of
jSi 497 15 strokes.
it. theng khi cu-jien, mai" khu mfen-kiang i ; i
cang siu-kia", khu:i"-khua" kiap, kiap kau Si
let it go till it
happens of itself, do not go and cie-ki" nang; she takes a small comb and combs
force it. i
png-png m hau", si lia kfang kau i it steadily, till it is so smooth you can see your
hau"; he was himself unwilling, but I prevailed face in it.
kiap i tit ;
smooth it out straight.
on him against his inclination. khf-chp si
mien-kfang cp, kau kii cu cu-jien; in the begin-
— kie —
ning it is done perforce, but afterward it goes ^^^ ^^ '^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ upon ; to cry out
j
tt^Vr ;
on as a matter of course. I
•^1 371 4 the cries or voices of animals

or birds to send for to name to command
kiang 67 To prevail on against the
; ; ; ;
j
to tell to do ; to persuade to sing, as an
366 8 inclination ; to constrain ; ;
; ;
insect ; to induce ; to cause, in which sense it is

to force ; better. I
often only a sign of the passive voice ; by, with j

kiang khf ceng-sin lui li ; rouse up your energies
and do it. named, called, termed.
i
jIm kiang, kiang iTi khf ; tried to
prevail on him, but without success. khak-
i kie-c6 sim-mih mia" ? By what name is he
called ? i kie mia° kie she called him me" i
kh6 kiang khi sin lai kio i phueh ue ; persisted jl ;
names, i bp sie kie ; they are not on speaking

in endeavoring to get up and speak with him.
terms with each other. ce kie cu lai ; as soon
ci kai kiang kue hii kai ; this is
superior to that. as you call I will come. i td ham-kie kiu
— kiap — he is calling for help. cp-ni i kie lu m thia',
;
46 The water-shed tieh lia kie ? Why is it that you pay no heed to
kiap of hills.
his calling you, so that I must call you ? 16
185 7 ci kp si kue kiap kai ti-hng ;
this is the dividing ridge of the hills. ham nang lai k\e-in ;you get some one to
guarantee it. kai si slm-mueh i6 kie ? What
m
suffering.
kiap
377
19
6
To take by
plunder; to
violence
rob openly;
;
to creature is it making that noise ? kie phiia i
kai fiu-leng, b6 nang khu chai i; though he
callsloud enough to split his throat, no one
cuang mng phah kiap ;
break in the door and pays any attention to him. bp kie b6 in, cp-n!
rob the house. liah tieh kiap-chak ;
to seize hd khut i ? With no security given, why should
robbers. chie'-kiap ; pounce upon and
peh jit you let him have it ? i kie, i m hau" in; when
carry off in broad daylight. ca-me° ti-kp pi she calls him he will not answer. thia''-ki" kiii
kiap ? What place was plundered last night ? to kie thoi ; heard the spirit of one who had
si mong kp
pun i kiap kau cheng-khih cheng- committed suicide calling on some one else
khih that was the place where a clean sweep
; to commit suicide, so that the former might be
was made. mueh khut i kiap khu boi ta-kin, born into the would again, hiam tieh, i hwn-
kua nang th6a liah; the things that they took lio ngau-ngau-kie, td pien if you reprove him ;
are not of such great importance as are the he still keeps on complaining and contradict-
people they carried off. ci si td kue kiap kio i ta° tieh, i ngau-ngau-kie, ta° toa-
; ing,
this is carrying things with a
high hand. i bd-mueh ue if you say any thing to him about
;
Iftng to ci kai kiap sio ; he cannot escape this it, he will argue and dispute, and talk on end-
fate. hii kai ti-hng td cau toa
kiap ; that lessly about it. ceng nang ngau-ngau-kie,
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALKCTi 245
m su-li6k; they all ranrrnnred at it, and would like mice, or chipper like rati?, cah-cnh-kie ; a
not submit, kie-si; on that account; says it is hubbub. tok-tok-kie ; to gabble. sQ-su-kie;
for this reason to complain of. i kiiai kie si
;
to whiz or whir, thu-ce-kie ; darting, tong-
i m thia" i kai vie she blames hira because he ; tong-kie the din of drums.
; tlie''-the°-kie; the
does not heed what she says, phah kie-si i keh- sound of a small gong. khuai°-khuai"-kie;
sek; whips him for his disobedience, i kie-sl sound of a medium sized gong. kong-kong-
i c6-ni ? What fault has he to find with it? kie; the sound of a large gong, teng-teng-kie ;
kie-si khah toa; he says it is too large, kie-si the din of gongs, kuh-kuh-kie; ku-ku-kie; a
m nai says it won't prove durable.
;
i kie-si i
rumbling, hng-hng-kie; the whining of a dog.
kai im rli-ho, leng ua" kai ho kai he says it ;
le-ce-kie li-le-kie;
the sound made by a dish
;
does not sound as if it were good, and he breaking. la-la-kie; a sound like gurgling
wants to exchange it for a good one. lia bo water. pha-pha-kie a loud gurgling sound, ;
kie-si i sim-mih su ; I did not say anything phe-phe-kie; the ripple of running water, tara-
was wrong with it. toa^-toa" si kie-si i ta" ue tSra-kie ; the splash of water falling into water,
khah toa sia"; only said he spoke too loud. i
tap-tap-kie ; the patter of falling drops. tora-
co-ni raai", si kie-si i co-ni ? Why does he not tora-kie the dashing sound of waves.
;
ka-ka-
want it, what does he say is the matter with kie ; the babble of a brook. ah-ah-kie the ;
it ? i si kie-si to ciah khah pa he says he ;

quacking of ducks, go-go kie; the quacking of
eats too much. i kai si kie-si khah khua"- chih-chih-kie ; the sound of half sup-
geese.
uah a m si ? She finds fault because things are pressed laughter, ci-ce-kie to fizzle, kiu-kia ;
too comfortable does she not ? hiam kie-si i kie; to wail and moan. sit-sap-kie ; the pat-
chi boi toa she complains that he does not
;
ter of feet. chit-chok-kie ; the clatter of feet,
i hiam kie-si co-ni ? What does he tiang-tiang kie twanging. tng-tng-kie; the
grow. ;
complain about ? cie"-se" kie-si khah poh ;

thrum of stringed instruments, chong-chong-
that is too thin, liang-liang-kie the jingling ;
kie the sound of marching feet.
; long-long-
sound made by a mender of crockery. uang- kie the tramp of many feet,
;
chok-chok-kie ;
uang-kie ; the muttering of a flame. cok-cok- the sound of scampering feet. hi-hfi-kle-kie ;
kie ;
the noise made in calling fowls to come and the rustle of leaves. ho°-ho''-kie ; the sound
eat. la-la-kie ;
the bubbling of water, hong- of loud breathing through the nose. phuh-
hong-kie the buzzing of insects. to splutter. ke-ke-kie ; to cackle,
; ngai-ngS,i- phuh-kie ;
kie; yelping. ioh-ioh-kie; the chirping of phok-phok-kie phit-phok-kie phih-pliGh-kie ;

; ;
grasshoppers, tong-ce-kie tom-ce-kie pong- ; ;

the sound of wings flapped violently, khauh-
ce-kie the splash made by something falling
; khauh-kie a craunching sound made in eating,
;
into the water. tong-tong-kie the rattle of ;

la-la-kie the crackling of a fire.
;
khih-ce-kie ;
drums, phit-phiak-kie; the sound of fluttering snickered out. thia" tieh khih-ce-kie; when he
garments. hih-hauh-kie the sound of cloth ;
heard it he snickered. ha-ha-kie ; the sound
flapping in the wind, sauh-sauh-kie; the sound of many voices. sap-sap-kie ;
to talk rapidly,
of flapping wings. sfi-sa-kie the sound of ;
to chatter, phiak-phiak-kie a clatter. phg- ;
rushing wind and driving rain, ciap-ciap-kie; phe-kie ; fluttering of wings, phe-phe-kie pue
cauh-cauh-kie; cap-cap-kie; the sound made by khu fluttered away.
; phiak-ce-kie fluttered ;
one who slobbers in eating. cit-ciap-kie ; the off. leng-leng-kie jingle like a tea-bell, ;
Bound made in slipping into the water. hu- long-long-kie ; tinkle like a sleigh-bell, huang
hu-kie the reverberation of distant thunder,
;
huh-huh-kie the wind howls. ;
ca-ca-kie to ;
cok-cok-kie the sound made in setting a dog

; quake as with fear, hng-hng-kie humming, ;
upon something. ioh°-ioli''-kie the creak of ; kheng-kheng-kie the jangle of large bells,
;
the pole of a burden bearer. nga-ce-kie ; cuh-cuh-kie; the noise made in sucking in food,
snarling, hau^-ce-kie growling, hong-hong ; ki-ki-kie ; ong-ong-kie ; a ringing in the ear.s,
kie the roar of rushing waters.
; o-a-kie ; n3e°-me"-kie; the lowing of cattle, raeh^-meh"-
cawing, or the sound made by one stretching kie the bleating of sheep.
; hng-hng-kie the ;
and yawning. koi-bp kok-kok-kxe the hen ; buzzing of insects, hom-hom kie; the murmur
clucks. sa-sa-kie ; to sough like the wind, of many voices, kauh-ce-kie ; the sound made
chiap-chiap kie ; to mutter, a perpetual clack in breaking wood. lih-ce-kie ; the sound of
of voices. sioh-sioh-kie a whir, as of an ; tearing cloth. kok-ce-kie ; the sound of chop-
arrow. siuh-siuh-kie ; the whiz of an arrow, ping something hard in two. siak-siak-kie ;
ki-ku kie lu-lu-kie li-lu kie reverberation,
; ; ;
the noise made in chopping green wood, ng-ng-
pok-pok-kie a thi-obbing. ho sap-sap-kie
; ;
kie ;
a noise like purring. ai"-ai''-kie ; a sound
the rain patters down, cip-cip-kie ; to squeak, like braying. kauh-ce-kie ; the noise made
in cracking the finger joints. au''-au°-kie ;

to no kai t(5 hu kie ;
two on each
side helping to
mewl. hpli-hph-kie grunt from satisfaction,; lift the chair. thai kie
si a chair with four ;
ki-ki-kie to squeal or neigh.

; a°-a°-kie ; the bearers. poih thai kie; a chair with eight
ci'ying of an infant. khiak-khiak-kie ; the bearers, lek ni kie; a green broadcloth chair,
sound made hy striking two bamboos together, bun kua" jl pfn, bii kua" it pin, khim-che, h(5 cp
huh-ce-kie cii b6 khu; whizzed and
disappeared, poih thai kie ;
civil officers of the second rank,
khau kau hih"-hnk-kie; cried so that he sobbed, military officers of the first rank, and imperial
i-a-kie; the sound of a sing-song. i"-{ii"-kie ; commissioners, may sit in chairs borne by eight
ai°-ai"-kie moaning.; ngi-ngau-kie mutter- ; bearers.
ing. kuh-kuh-k\e stammering. hi-hu-kie;
; — kie' —
snuffling. ki-kuai-kie warbling. ong-5ng- ;
kie" 140 Ginger, and other plants of

kie; bawling.
363 18 the same family aromatic ;
j^t klo 140 The ef^g plant. condiments,

/J\A 376 5 bdi kiii kai kie ; buy a few cho" kie"; fresh ginger. kang kie"; dried
egg-plants, ang-sai-kie ; tomatoes. ginger. kie" thoa"; baked ginger. 6i kie";
toasted ginger, kie" phue; the peel of ginger,
kie 75 A
bridge; a cross-beam to kie" phien ; sliced ginger. kio si shredded ;
IhI 374 support a frame,

12 ginger. peh cek kp kie* loh khu break up ;
cd cek tio kie hd khut nang kiie; make a bridge a piece of ginger and put it in. lam-kie"-hu ;
for people to cross upon. ci' c6k tun kie-tun p)owde red ginger. kie°-ng; tumeric. thoah
CO jieh coi ci" ? How much was the cost of cp iara-kie°-hu; grate it
up and make powdered
making this pier of the bridge ? ch& kie a ; ginger of it. ci" kie"; tender young ginger,
wooden bridge, cieh kie; a stone bridge, kie- kie" large roots of ginger,
b(5 ; lura kie" slang
nie sang poi" u lang-kang pe° t6 kp ; the sides hiam old ginger
;
is the most pungent. thiig
of the bridge are guarded by a paling. kie kie"; preserved ginger. kie" thng ; the sugar
ciu mng u jieh klmah ? What i.s the distance in which ginger has been preserved, cie' kie";
between the piers of the bridge ? i t6 kie a condiment made from ginger. cho kie"; a
teng ngp tieh ua he met me on the bridge,
;
relish containing ginger, liang-kie"; galangal
ke pang kie lay down a board to cross
;
root. kio" cho ; spiced vinegar. iam kie°-
on. lak-gueh chiu-lftk sx kui kue kie ; on the thng-cho put on some spiced and sweetened
;
sixth of the sixth month the spirits cross the vinegar. i si bile
pat ciah tieh luah kie"; he
bridge. has not yet eaten sharp ginger he has not ex- ;
perienced hardship. ceng Ifo, liu cp kie" cap

kie 159 A sedan chair. lai eng after pounding it up, squeeze out the
;
371 12 cek teng kie ; a chair. c5 juice of the ginger to use. kie" thng ginger ;
kie to go in a chair.
; loh kie to set a chair ;
tea. ngo bi kie"; mixed condiments.
down, ko kie; hire a chair, kng kie; to carry
a chair. kie kiii te'ng kie lai ; call several kie" 57 Better ;
an excess ;
a term of
chairs. kie kha; kie po chair-bearers. kie
366 8 comparison,
;
ci kai kie" kiie hu kai this is superior to that,

pho; a chair-stand, si cp toa kie a cp si'e kie ? ;
"Was he in such a chair as is used by officers, cia 10 kie" hia hph coi no This is far better
!
or in such as is used by the common than that 6i khiam ! kie" kue thang to save;
people ?
sin-se° kie ; a doctor's chair. is better than to earn. soi kai kie" kiie toa
kie kng, cek
hii jieh coi How
much does a pair of kai ; small ones are better than large ones.
nguu ?
chair-poles cost ? kie kp ; bamboo poles, sup- — kieh —
porting a chair. kie tiiu ; the body of a chair,
kie liam, kie teng, kie cab ; the curtains, roof kieh 130 A
porter; portei"age; freight;
and door of a chair. ham i kai kie phah jip 410
7 a calling,
to ci lai tell them to
;
bring the chair in here, ham kai ta'-kieh lai ta°; call a porter to carry
kie teng a ;
lamp for a sedan chair. kue sua" it. kieh-ci" jieh coi ? How much is the porter-
kie ; a palaukiu a chair in which the
;
occupant age ? kau ci kp eng jieh coi ciii kieh ? How
reclines. hue kie a bridal chair, lim cie°
; much was the freight to this point ? ci pang
kie cia° lai cak kha ; begin to dress
your feet ha jieh coi kieh ? How much luggage has this
just as you are to step into the chair; not get theatrical corps ? nge kieh ; a strong porter,
ready till you start. cp pang kie toi hip tieh kieh-sek; profession; rank ; antecedents. th6i°
juah ; sat smothering in the chair. sang poi" si slm-mih kieh-sek ; discover vrhat is his posi-
iion in life. ci'a si lid kieh this is a good ;

this absurd ? i
i°-keng kien-gi he is already;
occupation. ci kai naiig si cho kieh a si ia" suspiciou.s. no nang kai i-kien m sie tang ;
kieh ? Is this person one who does coarse or the two hold different views, lu ho-f" kien tit
fine work ? ci cek chun cie u sira-mih toa si c\e°-se"? How could you know it would be
kieh liiin ? Of what rank in the profession are so ? kak nang kak neng each kai sek-kien ;
those advertised for this season ? person has his own experience. ci khi nS.ng
— kien — bo bun b6 kien these people have learned

;
nothing by experience, ciah kau hie" iSu hwn-

^'6" lio bo kien bo sek, theng co so old and yet so
KX- £? Stable; firm; strong; resolute; ;
—Hi 380 lasting.8 inexperienced, doing things at random, ka-kl

kieu-kii ; steadfast. kien-toi"; stable. kien- m Ilio, rli tieh khu miig u kien-sek hue ? If you
sit ; solid substantial.
; kien-nge ; hardened, do not yourself know what ought to be done,
solidified. co kau kien-kien ku-ku ; make it why do you not go and ask those who have
so that it will be very durable. i kiii ci kien experience ? put kien khi ho, ia put kien khl
c5i his purpose is fixed.
; sai i kai siaiig-sin m-ho have not discovered him to be either
;
kien-ku ; strengthen his confidence, nang tieh particularly good or particularly bad. m-si u
oi kien-jim ; one must have endurance. kien ci kia" su cu m kien i kai 6i chii but for this ;
cip ka-ki kai i holds obstinately to his own

;
we should not have known his abilities, i kien
li m
idea. sim kien cieh la chwn ; unflinching meng he does not clearly perceive the
;
determination will wear away even a stone. i principle of it.
kai sim kien cai his resolution is unwavering.

;
^B kien 120 A thin, sleazy, cheap silk,

iPptx kien 61
Sparing
saving niggardly. ; ;
Jvn 451 7 used for fans, toys, lanterns
Ull 383 11 kien-lien; unwilling to spend. and pictures.
CO su mai" khah kien-lien do not be too ;
kien si"; a fan made of lutestring. ci ko tie"-
economical of force in doing things. i kien bai si kien kai a si tin kai ? Is this valance for
c3.i, m kheng chut ci"; he is very close-fisted.
the top of the bedstead made of lutestring or
of plain thin silk ?
^ kien 64 To contribute at a call from
kien 130 kien-ci-nek a muscle a
^,^ 449 7 government; to buy a title ; ;
or 390 9 tendon lean meat.

office; a benevolence levied for a state ;
exigency.
kien-toi How much money was kien 167 The hub.
ii
jieh coi cl" ?
subscribed ? kien ngun cek choi" nie con- 386 9 toa-kwn-kien ; the gist ; the
;
tributed a thou.sand taels in silver, cia si kien main point. ci kai su si toa-kwn-kien kai su;
kai khang ham, bo kien sit siu this is the leading feature of the affair. ci
this is the ;
pang cu kai toa-kwn-kien to ti-kp ? In what

purchase of an empty title, not of any real
office, i si kien sim-mih ceh-hara ? What title part of this set of books are their important
doctrines to be found ?
did he purchase ? i°-keng kien kaa" khu cp ;
has already bought an office and gone to fill it.

if^ kien 64 To buy a
title or office.
kienkek; the office where contributions are
taken. ia ho kien, hue-leng la ho 449 kien sim-mih kua°?
7 i si
lam-leng
kien a I'aven's plume may be purchased, and
;
What office has he secured by a contribution
60 may a peacock's feather, to the government? si kien cd cak, a si kien
tang ti-kai si-hau
u khui kien ? ^t what time was the subscrip- cia" tng ? Has he purchased an office that is
tion opened ? given by a magistrate, or one that is conferred

by the imperial government ?
^3 kien 147 To see ;

to observe ;
to per-
>ni^ 385 ceive by the senses a men- ;
Am^ kien 9 Strong, vigorous, robust; in-
tal an opinion.
view ; 13^ 386 9 defatigable.
kien-sek knowledge gained by experience.
;
cang-kien sturdy.
;
kun kut cang-kien ;
i kai kien-sek chim cai he has had much ex-
; sinewy. i sui-si
poih-cap hue hwn-h'o cang-
perience in it. i bun i kien kai su; something cang kien-kien although he is eighty years
;
rarely seen or heard, lu lo kau kien you are ;

old he is still very brawny, ua thoi" nin a-md
more experienced, kien chie ; it is laughable ;
kai khi-thoi hwn-h'o cang-kien I see that ;
you will smile at it; (a polite phrase), ci kia" your grandmother is still hale and strong. i
BU lu thoi" 6i kien chie me ? Do lau nang khang-kien cai the old man is very
you not think ;
vigorous, kten-eiang; able-bodied leaders, cf kiet 117 To exhaust to carry to the

;
kai ji kai pit lak klon c5i ; this letter is written 378 ~9~ utmost,
with bold strokeR. ia tieh Q klen-hau kai kiet-lak khu c6 kaa sdng ; do one's best to ac-
lai Bia cia° h(5 one should have a good tp kaa ci-ko lai, lak kiet did it
hu-pit ;
complish it. ;
stiff pen to write it with then it would be thus far when my strength gave out. ceng-
well done. sin i"-keng kiet; its vitality is gone, klet-cin
lak the energy he
used up
ph6ng..se" kai ;
all
klon erect To
to set up ; to con-
54 ; had. ciii ngwn bCi kiet; the fountain is inex-
stitute ; to confirm.
386 6 haustible, koi-chl mill seng-U to kiet; in the
kien koug ; to deserve well of one's country, markets all business is dull, hAiig-chSng kau
kai-kten pang-ok ; to erect house.s. ci kai II- ci'-ko lai kiet cili up to this time business has
;
hng h<5 klen co sia"; this would be a good place been very dull, si-chfing uiih su to kang-kiet ;
to build a city. ci kai sia" kleii kan ta", the times are dull. ta° li sua' kiet hai kiet ;
klen u jieh kii ? How long since this city was there is now no business going on, either on
built ? klen sia°, klen kau cl ko lai, Q choi" land or water. thang put kiet ; lay up money
gua ni lio from the time when this city was
; without end. ci kla' su ft-si co tit s6ng cu
founded until now is over a thousand years, ciah put kiet; if this can be done there will be
klen kai thah erect a pagoda. ;
klen to, klen a chance to earn food in abundance, tl kai ti-
to ti-ko? Where is the capital to be estab- hiig to si kang-kang kiet-kiet;

no chance to
lished ? ci kai am tiang-si chang-klen k&i ? earn money anywhere, the times are so dull.
When monastery founded?
was this cf kiii
ni klen-ti cek chph mueh-kla"; these last few
ii
One eminent for virtue or
>M^ kiet 9^
years ht) has added to his possessions consider- PI^ 377
10 prowess heroic, ;
klen-l\ u jieh coi hok-sek has bought
ably. eng-hiong hau-kiet kai
;
hau-ktet; a hero.
and laid away ever so many garments. tieh
nang ; a valiant and famous leader.
leng-ua" klen-ti kai sin k&i ; must set up a
new one. toa giieh klen ; sie gueh klen a ;
— kih —
long or short month, as fixed by the imperial
calendar. kih 112 To lay, as tiles or bricks ;
— kiet — 967 to pave,

kih chie"; to lay up a wall.
4
kih cd che"-cng
kiet 85 Clean neat. kai chie°, a si kih cp hue-thd-kak kai chie" ?
; limpid ;
377 12 cheng-kiet; clean, pure, sin- Is the wall built up with burnt bricks, or with
sip kku cheng-cheng kiet-kiet arrange every- ;

unburnt bricks made from lime and clay, kih
thing very neatly, soi kau kiet-ceng wash it ;
c€k kai hue-h6k lai ceng hue build up a ;
tut kau kiet-kiet ceng-ceng mason-work basin, to plant flowers in, kih
perfectly clean. ;
scrub it perfectly clean. soi kau kiet-kiet cieh l6 lay a stone pavement,
;
kih lai ciam-
c6ih cai well laid up, with correct angles and
pell wash it white,
; thong koi" shu kau kiet- ;
cu sweep the whole space perfectly clean,

;
vertical faces. cang chek lai kih c6 kai hue-
thong koi siu kau cheng-kiet c&i, Ing tiam na; make a flower ba.sket of nnhusked rice,
hun he cleansed throughout, and with every cia si kih su niap-khong i kai ; this is heaping
;
spot, crease and blemish removed. up false accusations against him,
-tfc kiet-ku tIJS kih 181 The jaws,

Hampered ; perplexed ;
jpt embarrassed. 376 A>^ 356 kih-kau c6; the

7 kih-kau ;
i cie^-si kiet-ku cSi ; he has

lately had more to
cheek, cang chiu khu piaug i kai kih-kau
i ;
do than he could attend to. ci hue cap hun he slapped her on the cheek. kih-kau-thau ;
kiet-ku to ko; he now has more than he can do cheek bones. buah kau no p6i° kih-kau ang-
and is greatly pi-essed. ang smeared both cheeks till they were red.
;
X3t kiet ;
120
to wheedle. i 141
pa-kiet ni^ nS- kih-kuh To stammer, kih-kfih-
/fpl 376 6
pa-pa kiet-kiet; he isId Kfl?
•^flff 632 chut; stam-
kie, ta° m
officiously helping, with selfish ends in view. mered and hesitated, and could not utter it.
i mia^-ke pa-kiet nang ; he is
expert in wheed- ai" ta°, m ka° ta°, kih-kih kuh-kuh ; wanted to
ling people. cia si to hun pa-kiet kki ; this is tell it, but dared not, and so stammered and
currying favor by service. stuttered.
— kirn — >0^ kim kind of thin brocade ;

167 A
5FnJ 8 399
kim 195 A huge fish found in the flowery,
473 10 Yellow River and reported cap kfra kai ua" tih ; painted chinaware. ta"
ii\%^\
the story
kau ju hue su kim ; speak in a very flowery
to be l^rge enough to fill a cart : is
that cannot close its eyes and never sleeps,

it style. khang kfm
pi"; trim with flowered
braid. kui ku hie", ju kfm me°
pu-kui iTi j
cek me", mfik kira-kira, cng kai boi ut did ;
not close my eyes the whole night, and was kia"; to be rich and not return to one's native
inS,k kim-kim eyes village, is like wearing brocade at night, (when
wholly unable to sleep. ;
no one sees it).
staring and unwinking.
Now
AAs - kim 113 To restrain ;
to prohibit; to
/^ kim
kim
9
hln-kim
; presently. >J> 400 8 shut up ; to keep off ; to
'^ 398 2 jit ; to-day. ;
impose restrictions.
now. cu ko kau kim from ancient times till ; liah i khu kim ; seize and imprison him. i si
now. kim Su after this, cu kim f Hu from
; ;
kim to kam a kim to ki ? Is he shut in tho
kim this year. kim up
this time forth. ni ;
si ; or in the lockup of the yamun ? kim i
jail,
the present time. mai" cie"-se" co forbid his doing thus. kim
;
nang bo cie°-se°; prohibit people from so doing,

kim
Gold, the metal par excel-
167 chut kim-tio lai tah, khut nang cai issue a ;
398 ~0~
Zewce; metal; golden; gilded; prohibitory placard to be stuck up, to let
metalic precious, chiah kim red gold,
; peh ; people know. kim sla"; the Forbidden City,
kim silver.
; ngo kim all the metals, kim ;
the Closed Citadel, His Majesty's residence,
hieh gold plate.
;
kim tio ; bars of gold, cia si huam-kim kai mueh; this is a contraband
kheng to kim khp-thau-si make it into shoes ;
article. kim tl forbidden places, i id
cp
;
of gold, gold pieces, kim poh

kim hue pi" ; ; kim-ci; he acts as turnkey, ui kim disregard ;
gold-leaf, tui co kim poh beat it into gold- ;

a prohibition, cheng put cu kim the passions ;
leaf, kim ngun wealth money, ci hu phin-

; ;
do not restrain themselves, mih su bo kim b6
tie°ai" sia lui kim kai, a si tah kim poh cu ha? ki under no restraint in any way. tiam-tiara
;
Do you want the letters on this pair of screens kim to pang iSi, bp chut lai kept constantly ;
"written with pulverized gold, or will it do to in the inner appartments, and not allowed to
make them by laying on gold-leaf ? khi tio kim come out. cia put kite kim cu-ce kim-tlam ce ;
siia"; make a gilded molding. thia° lu kai this one merely goes to school that he may be
ho kim ng&n listen to your instructive words,
; kept quiet there, ciu-jit kim to cu-ce ISi, b6 i
cok kim cap cok kai kim pure gold.
;
ci kai ;
chut lai shut him up all day in the school-
;
kim I'o ke this gold is adulterated more,

; room, and would not let him out. cie°-se"
phah tio kim lien ; make a gold chain. ]xi si- khah kim khiii, tieh than i thong khi ce ; this
pie-lien si kim kai, a si ngun khu llu kim is too close for breathing, there must be an
kai? Is your watch-chain of gold, or is it .silver aperture made for ventilation. kim-ci suang
washed with gold ? i chah ki kim
jii-i, kah jiang forbid vociferation,
;
koi liah khu kim ;
kua sang kim hi^-kau she wore a gold orna- ;

catch the hens and shut them up. leng-ua"
ment in her hair, and a pair of gold ear-rings, boi kai koi-lam ho kim koi buy another coop ;
ci'o kim to ci'o-lang 15i

ceng-ceng si kim kai it is wholly of gold. ;
to keep the fowls in. ;
kim gek gold and precious stones; valuable;

;
the bird is confined in a cage, i kai tu kim"t5
precious. i kfi,i
nang kim-kim gek-gek he ; tu-lp toi her pigs are shut up in a pen.
;
kim
is a very refined person. kim che"; the planet bo nang a cia forbid the breaking off of the
;
Venus, che" kim cieh ;

malachite, kim hue ; sugar canes no ti'espass allowed on this cane
;
brass-leaf ornaments, made like flowers, and patch, kim b6 nang tiah kue-ci prohibits the ;
used as offerings. kim sek ; golden. clioi" picking of this fruit.

kim your daughter.
;
kim kang cng ; a probe.
kira-kng, lia ia ai" khang i ko tho; though
cii si ft^^ kim 30
Unable to speak, from lock-
he were the gods that guard the temple gates ">t|> 400 jaw or other disease,
13
I would treat him as if he were clay. si min kira-khau li dysentery and difiiculty in swal-
;
kim thio, sui nang siah; a pillar having its four lowing, li-cit siang-teng ki kim-khau, kim-
sides of gold, does not mind which side is khau kai cu oh ui the dysentery which is ;
hewed at. kio kim-ho-sSn hie^-se", phi-phi most to be dreaded is that in which there is
pue ; like a green fly fluttering along a fine ; difiBculty in swallowing, as this kind is difficult
and glittering presence, and nothing besides. to cure.
hla kin to ko it was firmly withheld by him.

kim 88 The wife of a motber's or ;
J|/V teh klu-kin ; held down tightly, by a weight

J(~| 401 ^
wife's brother,
brother's wife. cbi klm ;
above. hip kin-kin closely covered in. ciu-
;
bp kim mother's
jtt lin kin to kai plio c6i°; sticks to his shop all
;
wife's brother's wife. ISa klm ; great uncle's

day long. siak ko ci°, ci" kin ce ; whittle out
wife.
— kin — a wedge, and wedge it tighter. ci kai chiu-
hwn kiia tieh khah kin this bracelet is too ;
Now the present, small for me to wear. tali kin to chie" ko ;

A^ kin
398 kin ni
;
this year. kin 81 the stuck tightly on the wall. co su tieh ii khua"
^-| ; ;
present age.
u kin ;
in doing things one must know when
to delay, and when to be prompt, kiu-kip in ;
kin 120 To press tightly; urgent; extremity.

^jft 399 prompt; strait; instant.
8
6i kliah kfn Are they too small for yon ?
a bSi ?
jfeB
kin 120 A thin sleazy silk ; lutestring.
kin-io ktli ru; urgent bnsiness. kua° kfn c6 Jvn 451 7 i khia ki k\n he carried a
si°;
co; hurry its performance.

b6 slra-mili kfn-io; silk fan. ci lui tiii-lin si pie kin kai a s! pie tiu
not very pressing. ci hue fl kin-kip su have ; kfti ? Is the mounting on this pair of matched
now urgent affairs on hand, pak k^n kin-ki'n; scrolls, of thin or of thick silk ? tieh thai
tie it very tightly. kin-kin cu ai° kai have ; kue kin thai; sift it through a lutestring sieve.
i cf-hue kai seng-H kin
immediate need of it.
cS,i ;
bis business now imperiously demands his
— kio —
luvp kin-kin, peh iIi khui ;
attention. folded 88
kio Delicate comely
I cannot get it open, "ff^ ; ; graceful ;
together so tightly tliat 3(|Pl 368 12 styli.sh; petted,

kha tham tieh lam-tho, khut i kuh k/n t6 k6 ; i ctt sbi kio-iang kui"-8i°; from childhood she
his feet sunk in the mud, and it closed tightly has been accustomed to indulgence. sia put
over them. ci sang bueh khah kfn ; these
tit kio chi ; a comely wife cannot be put away,
stockings are too small for me. ci sang 6i b<Si
ta-pang khi l&i kio-kiah very elegantly dress- ;
khua°, boi kin, tii-tu kah ; this pair of shoes is ed, kio-lim ; seductive. ISu lai kio ; beauty
neither too loose nor too tight for me, but they in old age. siu-sip kau kio tih-tih ; arranged
fit exactly. tue kin to ko, tiii m chut it ;
very elegantly.
adheres tightly, so that I cannot pull it off.
chin-cliio" ka lin kin tS ko, boi ka-lauh ; it is
as if stuck fast with glue, and will not drop
j^
Z^R^
kio
1125
8 lii cp-ni
134
With, by, to, for.
kio lia ta° cai ? m
i kai Biiu ce tau m kin cu lok-lok khiia" did you not tell me about it ?
off. ;
Why kio nang
if the tenon is not mortised in tightly it will m sie t^ng; unlike other people, lia kio lu cp-
rattle around, hara i tieb chie° kin ce li; tell u 6i°,
pu lai kliu ; I will go along with you.
him he must make haste in arranging the ai° kio 111 ta" ue ; when at leisure, I wish to
matter. tau ang, pak kin ; draw the cord
speak with you. i kio lu io
siang-hp ; he is
tightand tie it firmly. mih sii m hd tau i-ather friendly with jou. ua kio i sek m ;
khah ang, ps'ik khah kin one must not carry ; I am not intimately acquainted with him. Id
things with too high a hand. kin-kip kki h<5 khu kio i ta"; you go and tell him. kio i
biin-cu. an urgent dispatch.
;
cia cu miu-eng a-ti I'p-pu l&i ; came with his younger brother,
kin 3'ou need not be in a hurry about this.
; kio i cp-pii ciah ; mess with him. lu kio lia
ai" kin kai what will not brook delay.
;
khu boi ; you buy some for me. ua i''-keng kie i
chui kin ce go and hurry it up.
;
liah kin- kio lia CO I have already ordered him to make
;
kin seize firmly.

;
m ta-kiu of no great ; one for me. lia kio lu su-li kau hp-hp I will ;
consequence. liah m ta-kin to despise. ce ; set them all in order for you. cia kio ua bp
liu kin i cu si if you sqneeze it hard it will this is nothing to me.
;
kang-siap ;
die. cip kin-kin ; hold it fast, koih kin-kin ;

pick it up carefully with chopsticks. i kai kio 187 Proud ungovernable self-
B^^ ; ;
se" kin cai ; he is of an impatient disposition, >>^|P| 368 12 confident,

pho kin clasp tightly in the arms.
; pak m kio-ngau ; overbearing arrogant. kio-kio
;
kin, kliut i cau khii escaped because he was ; keng-keng; very presumptuous, tieh cai kwn-
not firmly fastened up. khut i thi kin to ko ; hak i, mai" khut i kio-chia, im-it you must ;
stuck tight with bird-lime, cheng kai kin sin keep him under control, and not allow him to
sa"; wear a close-fitting jacket. ™Ag kue° be proud and self-indulgent. i kai ta" tie kio
kin-kin; the door was closely shut. khut i cSi he talks in a very conceited way.
;
sien
251
DICTIONAUY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
kio da cii pit-tla" sien mi"; the hauj2fl>ty are kio 64 To raise with a lever ;
to pry
sure to be sycophantic. hia m kio-ngilu iiang ^nd up.370 12
kai, i cQ b6 mill thiara-mi" nang
he who is ; kio khi lai ; pry it up. khut i kio cih ; broken
not snperciiious toward people, is not apt to be in being pried up. khieh ki phiie-chiang khu
kio ru khi;
subservient to people. kio; take a crowbar and pry it up.
cannot pry it up. i thi khu me" cSi thoi" i :
kio exercise undue authority;

111 To kai cam li-li kio ; she sews very fast see her :
J^2R^
AIrI 370 12 obstinate, needle fly. khieh ki cam lai kio lia kio chua";
niai" kfo-kiang i ; do not force him to it.
cie"-
take a needle and pick out this sliver for me.
as the
se" sag si kio jiu cau cak ; that is acting kio dig oysters from their shells.
;
exigencies suggest; being

one's interest demands.
firm or yielding as
— kick —
kiok 177 To address.
rt-h kio 19 To assist; to help; to succor. 457 8 kiok-kiong to bow.
;
kiok-
XyJ 70 5 <I-tiang kio lu? Who helped kiong ki" loi the etiquette of salutation, i c5
;
you about it ? kio i khui hang help him to ; ki° tieh kiok-kiong kiok-kiong as soon as he ;
i ce u nang kio cu seng if he

open a store. ; saw him he bowed repeatedly.
gets help from some one he will accomplish it.
— kiong —
4<i» kio 64 To roll up the sleeves. zy\^ kiong The exhibition of respectful
61
tj N^ 821 "9" chiu-ng ra tieh kio phii ce ?
'>J»t 462 6 feeling; to treat with sedate
Why do you not your sleeves higher ?roll
courtesy; to revere; polite, kiong-kiong keng-
chia-ng kio khah phu your sleeves aiê rolled ; keng reverently very politely. Idi-sio .sim si
; ;
cia chia-ng khah to ho kio

up too high. kiong-keng; his courtesies are very respectful,
:
cek kho, iu-h(5 kio no klio these sleeves are ;

kiong hi; I wish you happy New Year, kiong
too short they may be turned up one fold but
: ho respectful congratulations.
; kiong hau
Dot two. meng-leng; I respectfully await your orders,
kiong-keng put ju chong meng obedience is ;
<6yfe kio 184 A meat dumpling. better than politeness. ki" tieh ne kiong-
py^ 372 hd khau khiak-kliiak-kie si
"6"
kiong very polite on meeting him. soi hi"
to boi hio a m
The sound of a rattle out
si ?
kiong thia"; listen
;
reverently. mih su kiong

tiiere is made by some one who is selling damp- siln yields devout obedience in everything,
;
is it not ? khu phau via" kio hli tiam-
lings kiok-kiong chia" tai ka; bow respectfully and
go and warm up a bowl of dumplings
sim for
; ask instructions, chut kiong go to the privy. ;
luncheon. ua ai" cp co kio ciah ;

I want to
make kio phiie, kio a°; the
it into dumplings,
kiong 158 The body one's person ; ;
paste, and the filling of

a dumpling, sfili kio ; 4G1 ~3~ personally,
to boil dumplings. i kai kio pan he-bi ; his
kiok-kiong; to make a bow. ta kiong; to
dumplings are stuffed with dessicated prawns. miike a bow with the hands joined and then
raised over the head. khu i min coi" ta cek e
kio 64 To excite to stir up.
;
kiong; go before him and make a very respect-
371 20 kio-jio; to disturb, i si to kio ful bow.
si kio hui he is exciting discussion.
;
i
cong-
kii lai kio-kio jio-jio he is always coming and kiong 64 To place the hands before the
;
4;4|*
annoying me. cia lai kio-jio pang lu ko, m gy'> 463 6 breast so that the thumbs
kai; T have discommoded you, as I ought not. come together, as when making a bow.
hok che" lai kiong cie may happy stars light ;
iMi kio 120 To hand over.

your way. nin ji ui chai die" lai kiong cie ;
n^L 370 13 kio leng ;

to deliver orders, will you two give us the light of your pre-
kio kng ;
to hand in an essay. kio-hai" i lio ; sence, kiong chia to bow with the hands ;
already delivered over to him. bue ceng kio ; raised as high the head.
undelivered. eng kia° kio to kua" teng; — kip —
the stolen goods are delivered to the officials,
kio phie deliver the written directions, hang 61
Hasty impatient anxious ;
;
^^V- kip ; ;
sa" jit lai ciu ai" kio cheng-cho all to be ; iLU^ 393
hurried; unea.sy 5solicitous: ;
delivered within three days. kio khoi to ; urgent zealous for ; hard up ; in extremity,
;
hand over the deeds. kio sio to band over ;

lu kai sim mai" kip do not be unea.sy in your ;
the accounts. mind. min-eng sim kip ; there is no occasion

for anxiety. i k§,i klmi kip; his breathing is when you come to regret it, it will be too late,
rapid, cf kia" su kip cSi ; this business is very r chu kip pi; get to this through that one ;
urgent, km
nung kai kip lang ; rescue people step leading to another. kip kau ciang-sSng ;
from pressing want, cek si ce tieh kip, cn^ kA,i until ho becomes of ago. kip toi"; the highest,
b6i sie"; never thought of it in the hurry of the sam kip ti the Emperor's three highest ad-
;
moTnent. hd-ko kai cui kip c5i the water ; vi.sers. put kip ; to compare me with
lia
pi i
there is
very rapid. kip-kip ju lut-lung; him will not do.
put kip thi-huang, hut-jien
impatient as Mercury. kip ceng; a virulent cQ kau; notwithstanding adverse circumstances,
disea.so. ci hue kfii-kip cSi; am just now much we reached there very quirkly. kip kau lia
pressed with business. ham i kai se" inui" lai cia" cai ; upon my coming, I become aware
khah kip; tell him not to be too impatient, of it for the first time, ni tng kip ki ; to come
cia put kue .si km ngan-coi" cu kip; this is of age, as a girl at sixteen years, huang be gd
merely for the relief of immediate necessities, put siang kip; the wild horse and wild ox do
i lui kau kip ; becomes to bring information not roam together. cQe boi kip tieh i he is ;
of need. cie" kip-pek cp cfti tit chut? How not involved in the crime. hu kia" r-kip ci
can it be done with such urgency ? kip-chiet kla° I6ng-c6ng c6 h<5 those as well as these are ;
ki" kai what there is pressing need of.

;
lieh all finished, ci k&i hok-khi 5i kip tieh lu; this
Boi" ta"mai" khah liin-kip cia" Itii ta"; you must ble.ssing will extend its influence to you. hQa
speak of it boforeliand, and not wait till you kip i kai sin the evil effects extended to him.
;
ai'e just on the point of requiring it and then toa"-toa" kip tieh i ka-kl tla"-tla"; it concerns
come to say so. 6i" bi r7i sie hie", kip si a clh no one but himself. mai" wn-kip p&t nang;
h^t ;
when at leisure burn no incense, and
chi'u do not allow your dislike to extend to other
when in extremity snatch at Buddha'H hands people. lien-kip hu kî tl-hng to 5i ; extends
and break thera. kip-si cek t/am ju kam lo; to that place also.
when in extremity a little drop is like a re- — kit —
freshing dew. To knit ; to fasten ; to set,
kit 120
jtit
K^ 398
kip 120 To supply to provide what
; /ppl 376 6
as fruit ; to tie ; to bolt ; to
^|lt 6 is necessary ; to give out. congeal ; to fix ; to bind by agreement,
i sicek khue kai kip-su-tong ? Of which
ti kit bueh to knit stockings.
;
kit mllng ; to
bureau in the Censorate is he the secretary ? make netting. mni^ khang l&i kit ; close and
cia, si
cong-tok sie°-kip kfii; it was conferred by bolt the door. khieh much khu kit; take
the Governor, si tl-tiang id keng-kip i ciah ? something and fasten it. kai cam kit pang M
Who supplies him with food
kai gfleh kip ? tl-kp ? Where have you stuck your needle ?
sa" k&i ngun khut i cp khau-nle furnishes ;
khui hue kit ci; blossom and bear fruit. ci
him a monthly allowance of three dollars for cdng chia kit ti
jieh coi kiie-ci? How much
buying food. cek jit kip nfi tang hi khut i ; fruit does this tree bear? 6i khui hue bSi
gives her a daily allowance of two measures of kit sit ;
it blossoms, but does not bear any
rice. cfa si iu tie°-pa,ng kip chut lai, a si tiii fruit. thoi" fl sim-mih kit kiie ;
see what
to hang pho ko khieh ? Is this issued from the results. kit-pai cp hia°-ti ;
entered into a
magistrate's otfice, or is it got at shops ? contract to become brothers. i si kio lia kit-
pai cp ci-mue she has bound herself to be my

;
Tt^ kip 29 To effect ;

to reach to ;
extend sister. kit-hwt hu chi ; chau thau kit hwt ;
>>^ 2 394
toward or stretch on to ; to a long married couple. i f-keng to kua°
influence at a distance; to communicate; to min coi" ku kit; he has already certified to it
connect; to implicate; effected; done; and, before a magistrate. sia kit-cng tng-tfig sia ;
with, also, at, to, about, concerning, kit-cug ; to write a certificate. tieh u hie"
kip ca ; at once, while there is time. tieh kua" kai in kit, cia" ho kia"; there must be a
khng-koi nin tieh kip- ca hue than; must exhort certificate from the village magistrate, then it
to at once change your course, lai tit kip
you
m may go on. tang i ce chin cu kit toi"; when it
a lai kip? Did he come in time ? lui-kip pfit is cold it will stiffen and become hard. chin
n&ng ; implicate other people, sneh-kip ci cak thi"-si cQ kit tang in cold weather it becomes;
tp-li in explanation of this portion of doctrine,

;
solid, kit cang ; fasten the coiffure.
tham kip si-cheng kai su conversing on pass- ;
*
ing events, lun kip ceng nang kai se"-cheng ;
•
Ikit 30 Auspicious felicitous ; indi- ;
discussing people's dispositions. ngi-eng-kai I

—391I T
eating success,
kip-si hue-koi ought to repent in season,
; kit jit ; a lucky day. kit si an auspicious ;
kau au-lai le cu sie"-siu-hvie bp kip; afterward, time. ii kit

jit ia tieh U kit si lai kah; having
DICTIONABT OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 263
found a lucky day, one njusfc have a lucky make him retreat into his hole, ka kia" Ho, ka
hour to go with it. tS.i kit U clii a good ;
thau kiu jip khu; when the tortoise is frighten-
chance for a speculation. hong hiong hue ed he draws in liis head, i al" kia loh th6 toi,
kit it happened tliat the evil omens changed
;
kiu r7i ll, khut lia llah tieh ; he was going to
to good ones. kit jin cu u thien siang pros- ;
draw himself into the ground, but before he
perous people have the help of heaven. toh did it, I caught him. th6i''-ki° i ll-hai cu kiu-
kit phok kit seek a lucky omen.
; ;
ci'a sng si thp ; saw it was dangerous and drew back,
kit slang kai mueh this may be reckoned as a
;
khut i kua° kiu khu; shrunken with cold, kiu-
thing of good omen. kit die" cie lim a ; bua ; to contract or draw up. i kai
nang kia
happy star shines upon it. khai ciang t5i bua m ka" chut lai; he stood huddled up
kit; may great prosperity attend the opening against the wall, and dared not come out, ham
(of tlie shop, at New Year), kit ti ; a favored i mai" kiu-niu, ka"-ka" ne tell him not to
;
spot, kit hwt; a good place for a grave, kit shrink back, but to come boldly forward. ua
loi ;
felicitous offerings. thoi" i CO su cp oi kiu-kiu ne si bp chî-cheng
:
a si bo ta"-liang ? I wonder why it is that he

kit 75 kit-ke"; a common medicine acts so timorously: is it because he is
incompe-
'|l| 376 6 for coughs, the root of the
tent, or because he lacks confidence in himself ?
Platycodon graudifolium. ai" kiu, kiu m tit ; wanted to draw back out of
sight, but could not.

"T^^ ît dwarf orange.
7^ '^^®
jjoj 457 12 kim
kuraquat orange,kit; the kiu 157 To walk with short steps.
cia kit SI ciap ka" a m si ? This dwarf orange
Pjj^
itIB 780 11 i kia" khu kha kiu-a-kiu, m
is grafted on the large orange is it not ? tiara kfi" kia" toa po ;
he walks mincingly, not
kit small sweet oranges. kit pi'a"; pressed
;
venturing to take long steps, i kia" khu cp-ni
oranges. si-khui kit; the nutmeg orange, kiu-kiu ne ? Why does he walk so carefully ?
kit hong dried orange peel.
;
kiara kit ;
pickled oranges. km 120 To combine for unlawful
— kiu — y;M
7\*f 414 2 purposes,
i cp-ni ka" kiu ceng hSi-to ? How dare he lead
Bent down compelled
;
ua khut i ki'u-ti" kau
If IE
Iricate one's self.
""^r to stoop ;
unable to ex-
the people into a feud ?
ui ; I have been lead by hira till I am sick of it.
mai° kiu-niu ;
do not double yourself down i
cong-ku lai kiu-kiu ti"-ti"; he is all the time
into a heap. i co-ni kiu-kiu niu-niu,
cng k§,i coming and involving us in his affairs. khut
m chun-chu chph su kiu-ti" kau boi tit khui sin; was entan-
? Why is it that he is bent down
double, and does does not straighten himself gled in an affair so that I could not get away.
up at all ?
^t2 kiu 116 To examine into judicially.
kiu 120 To shrink up to contract ; ; ]y^ 415 2 kang-kiu; to cross-examine,
780 11 to draw in to pucker up; ; kang-kiu kau meng-meng peh-peh inquired ;
to recoil. into it so as to be quite certain as to the facts,

kiu kau hu toi-toi jip khu withdrew into the ; khiong kiu ; make an exhaustive examination,
inner recesses. kiu chun bo ti'am-kia", <p- kiu keng si cp-ni ? After all, what does it
tp shrunk up so that only a little short bit
;
amount to ? mai" khu chim kiu i do not go ;
remains. i kiu lio m hau" chun chut lai ; he and make a profound search into it. tui kiu ;
draws himself in, and will not stretch out follow up the investigation. keh cap gua nl
again, lu phien i chun chut lai, ce kia° tieh, cia" lai tui kiu ci kia" su came after a lapse of
;
i cu kiu jip khang toi tiam you entice him

;
if more than ten years, and pursued the investiga-
out, as soon as he is frightened he withdraws tion, kua" cp-ni kiu ti i ? What sort of over-
and hides himself in the depths of his hole hauling did the magistrate give him ? cia
again, i tp-kiu
jip khu; he has drawn himself tieh ngiara kiu kau thiet-tdi ; this must be
back (into his shell). ce phak ta cu kiu ; as sifted to the bottom. cie"-se° kiu phoi" khu
Boon as it is dried in the sun it shrinks. cia tieh huap this prosecution has been conducted
;
p6 soi Ho oi kiu; this cloth shrinks in washing, according to law. pheng jit khau-kiu to to
kha kiu bua, khut nang kue lo ; draw in your lai ; turn it over constantly in my own mind,
feet and let people pass, i kai chiu kiu to sa"- kiu-mng i kai cheng-iu ; inquire into the cir-
ng toi; her hand was drawn up into her sleeve. cumstances which led to it. i cp mih su si ii
Id mai" kia" i kiu ; do not scare him so as to kang u kiu, bp theng cp ; in whatever he does
254 DICTIONARY OF THB SWATOW DIALKCT.
he informs himself in regard to the way it j

kiu 82 A ball;
globular; spherical.
ought to be done, and does not act heedlessly. |
417 7 phah kiu
to play ball, teng ;
ua pit ai° kun kiu kau ci kia" su mSng-p6h ; kiu ; the globe of a lamp, feng-kiu hiie-pe ; a
I shall certainly make a radical examination chandelier. siu kiu hue the Hydrangea, ;
into this affair until cleared up.

it is chia° ta" siu kiu; to throw the embroidered ball, to
kua"-hu km
tui ; ask an official investigation. choose a husband. kiu koi"; a billiard room,
kha kiu play croquet.
;
km 66 To assist to rescue ;
to save
m
;
415 Y
from evil to liberate to ; ; kiu 76 A corpse laid in a coffin ;
a
protect; to prevent from going wrong relief; ; 415 6 coffin with a corpse in it.
salvation. lu kiu ua ce you come to my ; i kiii kiu ua"-ph,ng tl-ko? Where is his coffin
deliverance. i co-ni m kheng kiu i ? Why
placed ? leng-klu ua"-pang toa thia" the ;
will he not render him any help? lii th6i" u encoffined corpse lies in the main room, i kiu;
kiu me ? Do you think there is any deliverance to remove an encoffined corpse. thSng-kla
to be hoped for ? kiu 6i tit kip may succeed ;
thfing t6 ti-kp? Where is the still unburied
in rescuing. b6i km m kip ;
the help will
corpse deposited ? pkng-klu ; an encoffined
not be too late. sai ntlng lî thd pia°; km corpse that remains nnburiod. chut kiu; carry
send some one to ask for a body of troops to out the corpse, kng kiu boar a coffin, sang ;
be dispatched kiu pia°

to their relief.
û
km kiu to accompany a funeral, tin kiu to take
; ;
liue: ce lai thd km, m^"-m6" ca tieh khu kiu ; a corpse homo. cng kiu ; to bury a corpse.
going to the relief of the troops is like going Uah lû kiu seize a body that is left too long
;
to help put ont a fire as soon as the call for

: unburied. chftk kiu ; to lacquer a coffin,
help comes, one must immediately go to the i kai kiu si chak ua'-leh his coffin is caulked ;
rescue. khf pia"-be khi kiu i ; raise troops with mortar made from pulverized rice bowls,
and go to their relief. kiu 8e°-mla°; save his kiu f"-keng kku sua", toa" si hue ceng I6h
life, kiu mia" cc km rala° ce Help Help
;
! ! !
khiiang the body has arrived at the burial-
;
km kho kiu lang save from suffering.

;
kiu
ground, but is not yet lowered into the grave.
Bi ;
deliver the world. k\u si cii ; the Saviour.
cS,u-luie i lai tap kin fortunately he came to
;
kiu 104 A fault ; an error ;
a mis-
the rescue. khu piia" lo ta kiu i went half ;
415 demeanor blame,
8 ;
way and there rescued him. mo" i lai km len; k&i kiu ai° whom is
kui phng tl-tiang kp ? On
the blame for this error to be laid ? i kui kiu
hope they will come and raise the siege, kiu-
ci khlong-kho hue; help the miserable. ceng pang i kp he laid the blame on him.
;
nin ai"
n&ng khu kiu-hii i they all went to his help.
;
kui kiu ti-tiang ? On whom are you going to
rae"-me° khu km ke haste to the rescue, kiu ci'a si ti-tiang kai kiu ?
; charge the fault ?
kip deliver when in extremity, km se° kek
; ;
Whose fault is it ? i put-leng si khi-kiu ; he
a life-saving society. khah mang kiu, kiu m cannot shift the reponsibility for this error.
tag ; the help was rendered too late to be of
sei'vice. boi tit kiu; cannot save him. oh km;
— kiuh —
difficult to render effective help. b6 kiu lio; kiuli 41 To squirt, to spurt.
no help will now avail. i bo kiu ; there is no 749 7 kiuh cek chph ciii chut lai ;
salvation for him. me"-me" eng ieh thdi" kiu spurted out some water. hia ciii kiuh kau
tit lip me hasten to apply the remedies and
; hph hng khu the water spurts ever so far.
;
see if he can be saved, theng kiu thdi" oi uah khut ciii kiuh kku cek sin the water spurted ;
a boi render aid in any way possible and see

; all over him. ciii kiuh ; a water-squirt, i kî
if his life may be saved, pheng-si u ci kai ieh cui si Iph ieh kai, hia mak khut i ce kiuh tieh
lai kiu cu. ciin-cun uah if he had had this
; ciu che°-me ; the water is medicated, and if it
remedy in the beginniug he would surely have spurts in one's eyes one becomes blind. hia
been saved. kiu phin ; succour the poor. u kia"-caug kai, ce chng tieh, i kfii hueh ciu
sim-mih sien huap ho kiu ki-hng ? What is the kiuh chut lai if you stab those who are robust,
;
best way of rendering relief in famine ? ham- the blood spurts out.
kie kiu call ont for help,
;
khng-pang e jit hd
kiu nang ; lay it away and keep it to save some kiuh 85 A syringe; to syringe.
one's life with at another time. cia si thdi'' 395 khieh ki ciii-kiuh khu kiuh;
13
khu kiu pe ; this is apparently such discomfort take a syringe and force the water from it.
as one would endure for the sake of rescuing a hia ciii kiuh kai ciii si Iph ieh kai the fluid in ;
father. ii kiu lio

; help comes. the syringe is medicated. mak khut i kiuh
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 26i
tieli cii che"-me"; if you get a spurt from it in- second gate were four images representing tho
to jour eyes, it will blind you. cia tieh eng gods who reside in the thirty six stars. i
ciii-kinh, U'li we must take

kiuh, ciii cia" u lak ;
kai nang toa cai, chin-chle" kim-kng hie"-se";
a syringe and spurt the fluid out from that, he is very large, like one of the guardians of
then it will enter with force. the gates of a Buddhist temple. kim-kng sie
phah, toa kang; a great hubbub, as if the gods
kiuh 130 Fat; gross stout. ; of the thirty six stars were fighting.
B^ T2^ pui ki\u kiuh-kiuh ;

stout
kng 121 A large, glazed, flaring jar.
to corpulence.
— kn g Ai-|*
m 1. 319 kng; a water jar. i kai
~gr cui
tang-kia" ai° khu phin i kai o kng the little ;
10 Light luster brilliant

^>Jk.. kng ; ; ;
earthen pot is going to dash itself against the
ylU 478 1[ illustrious bright : ;
naked ;
stone jar. b6i kai kng lai chi kim-li; buy a
smooth; bare; bald; to illuminate; to adorn, jar to rear gold-fish in. noi" kng ; a jar for
cai the sun is very bright.
kng hun cia lotus plants, hue kng; large flowered jars.
jit ;
lio jit kng the sun is not bright when

boi ;
obscured by clouds, thau-khak kng-kng iifig- -f f* To carry on a pole to lift at.

kng 64 ;
nfio- his head is very bald.

;
thau-khak thi *f 1 ,
^ kng kie carry a sedan chair,
319 3 ;
kau kng-nng kng-nfig ; the head shaven very nin no nang khu kng tie" cling lai you two go ;
smooth. teng thie kng ce pick up the wick ; and bring the bearing it between you on
table,
so that the lamp will give more light, ci chgh a pole. kng iTi phu cannot lift it up when
;
iu co-ni liam khu bo hie" kng ? Why is it that straining at the ends of the pole. khah tang,
this oil does not give out much light when kng m khf it is too heavy and we cannot lift
;
th6i"-klL'' hu-ko 6i han-kng; observe

lighted ? it. kng kau eh"-eh"-kie grunts in carrying;
the coruscation there. cek sin ne kng-kng; it.

ceng kau kng ie"; a pack of dogs carrying
very smooth all over. ciu sin ne kng-kng off a sheep.
kut-kut; his whole body is perfectly smooth,
biia kau kng-kng kut-kut, cie-ki"
nang ia°; n~T* kng 130 The large intestine or colon.
it so bright
until it is and smooth that /), 1^ 319
3 thut kng kai pe"; a rupture;
polish
can see yourself in it. tlii"-kng-ca; at a protuded intestine, thut kng kai pe" peh ue
you
daylight, thi" la-lang-kng at <he first streak ; kiu-cp thut tng thau; protrusion of the intes-
of dawn. tlii" hue kng cu cau-khi got up ;
tine is in common language called extruded gut.
before daylight, lu thoi" thi" 6i kng a bue; see
whether the day is yet dawning. khut i clah 118
kng A
tube, a pipe, a duct;
kau cut-cut-kng all eaten up clean by him.
;
4748 quills.
koi rao' knc the quill of a hen's feather. ka
kng-kia" kng-kia°; highly burni.shed. than-' ij^ ,
khak kng lut-sut; bald-headed; a shining pate, tio g6-mq"-kng lai khng cam ; cut off a goose-
cie kau inna"-tI-ko kng-kng ; shines so that it quill to keep needles in. au-leng kng ; the
i cham kau au-leng kng nge ; he
is light all around,
tang-tang kng gleaming. ; wind-pipe.
has a lump in his throat because he is so dis-
i kai to tang-tang kng cai ; he is very clear
lai
about it in his own mind. bo kng bo am ; no tressed, hue kng a pipe used for blowing
;
underhand dealing no two sides to the trade,

;
the fire, mo" kng chng ; the pores of the skin.
ciah lio mak-ciu kng after eating it his sight
became ci kai sua" kng-kng, bo chia
;
kng 96 A tube of stone.

perfect.
bo bak; this hill is bare, having neither trees 475 8 leng-kiig; the tube which
holds the peacock feather on an official cap.
nor shrubs on it. i kai than siu kau kng-kng;
her hair is combed very smoothly. kuah kau
thiu kau kng-kng knc Occurs in many names of
53
kng-kng reaped bare.
; ;
478 or places, but when
12 cities
planed smooth, gueh kng cai the moonlight ;
is very bright. thoi" tieh leng-ua" kng it used alone refers to Canton,
;
seems brighter. khieh hue khu chie" kng ;

kng-tang nang; the people of Canton. kng-
take a torch and throw light upon it. tang se"; the Canton province. kng ciu hii ;
the Canton Department. tba u kng hue lai

18 The gods who reside in the boi me ? Have you brought any Cantonese
kng
J\\
y T
thirty six large stars; the four
318 goods for sale ? kng-jio sui si su so-jio, hwn-
guardians put in the gateways of Buddhist tem-
lio ciang-jio ; Cantonese crape, although
ia"
inferior to Soochow crape, is still better than
ples; they have red, green, white, and black faces,
inside the Amoy crape. cia si tho tia" a sx kng tia"?
ji mng lai sai si tai-kim-kng ;
256 DICTIONABT OF THK SWATOW DIALECT.
Are these iron pans of Swatow manufacture, or 1G7 Steel ; iron hardened by fire.
kng
were they made in Canton ? chie kncf kua ; 319 8 ci ki to iS kng a bo ? Is this
sing ballads in the Canton dialect. cf kai s! knife edged with steel ? m cai kng cui jieh
kng-tang pu-c6ng a si kng-sai pu-ceng ? Is h<5 do not know how well-tempered the steel
;
this the lieutenant governor of the Canton

may be. nng kng soft steel, nge kng hard
; ;
province, or of the Kwangsi province ? steel. d ki kng ciii cu s! slang nge in this ;
20 A scroll to roll one the steel is of the hardest sort. phah ki

kiig ; manuscript ;
450 6 up as one rolls a scroll laid c6ng kng k&i make one wholly of steel.
;
on a plane books the ruled paper on which
m
; ;
essays are written. kng 75 A carrying beam ; thills ; a

khai kng Q iah to open the roll is beneficial, 669 10 classifier of loads borne
;
by
tich b6i kai kng-to lai cho, ki° ttlu kng tiang- two.
si, ngS tieh u h6, kng cia° b5i pun ho ak tio ; kaa"-cha kng; poles for bearing a coflBn. cek
must buy a satchel to put the manuscript in, tiii
kle-kiig ; a pair of carrying poles for a
then when it is to be delivered over, if there sedan chair. c6k kng ngiin ; as mach money
should be rain, it will not get wet. da, si cin as two can carry between them. kia° ng^n
kng, Ilia si 16h kng these are accepted, and ;
kng, kia" Idh se"; forwar4 silver in loads to the
those are rejected essays. thin cp cu kng ; Provincial city. khia ki kng lai kng sla"; get
essays copied out in red ink for examination, a carrying beam, to carry the box of presents
bak kng the original copy of the essay.
;
fi si
upon. sla" kng the beam of a box in which
:
ki" tio bak kng lui thdi ; the original manu-

presents are carried.
script after having been copied by another
than the composer, is sometimes called for. lii — ko —
k4i kng sia h(5 a hue ? Is your essay written ?
i kliu tau peh kng; he handed in a blank
ko 140Mushrooms; mould; fungus.
419 8 hie° ko edible mushrooms,
i kai bun-cie° th6i° tieh fo ii cu
;
manuscript.
kien ko ; Foochow mushrooms. kng ko
kng; his essay shows a greater knowledge of sam oi hwt sam ko,
;
letters. ua tit tieh i ii kiii hieh kng hieh, sfa Cantonese mushrooms.
tek kha la hwt tek ko, chau la hwt cliau ko
l&i sIm ngfa I have obtained several leaves of
;
;
his manuscript, and it is beautifully written, timber produces the fir mushroom, the bamboo
th&k cu bwn kng, ngo su c§k b6 sd eng one mushroom grows at the roots of the bamboo,
;
and the weedy mushroom springs up among
may read ten thousand books, and then find he
has some business in which nothing he has the grass. si
eng kai hie" ko fresh mush- ;
rooms, chau ko thia" ta° si cwn cp kai I

learned is of use.
kng lia ai"
cp cp cp cp cu, m have heard it said that the common mushroom
;
hue do 1 want written scrolls, not pictures,

;
is made to grow spontaneously. huam c\a'
kng cp cek kauh roll it up into a roll.
;
kng
kau ku-kak ku-kak ; roll it up in such a way as peh hwt kai ko tieh ka-kl chii kai lai ciah cia'
to keep the edges even at the ends, lin-tang, la si theng boi kai, khiong-ui u khi 6i
kng cua ;
tak kai, cu ciah hai nang it is safe to eat
ruled paper. kng ciia kho ; a writing book of mushrooms that are of spontaneous growth, if
;
ruled paper, ruled in squares.

you gather them yourself, but if you carelessly
kng 154 To run a thread through ; buy them there is danger of their being poison-
_ 475 4 to string on. ous and that you may be injured by them,
ci"-kng-sph; the string on which cash is strung. pi'a" khng kii se" ko; biscuits long kept become
cf choi" ci" bp tii kng, si cak kng kai ; this is a
mouldy. sa"-kh6 ce ip-clp-tieh kauh cu ai"
full thousand of cash, nothing being deducted se" ko ; if clothes are damp when rolled up they
on account of the value of the string, which is mould. k6 se" ko raph the paste has a layer
;
extra, u kng kha a bp ? Is there a cash taken of mould on it. phi" tieh chau ko it smells ;
out to pay for the string on which the others mouldy. hip i p6ih ko ; confine it in a close
are strung ? ci kai ci" si p6 kng kai; this cash vessel till it moulds. 6i ra phak, oi chie" ko ;
is to
pay for the string used in stringing the if the shoes are not sunned, they mould, sueh
others. kau-kwn cie" kii, clioi" gua ci° boi la tio ko ; brush off the mould. Iph kii ho mih
tu kng kai though I have traded with you so
; much kauh kau se" ko ; in long rains every
long, a thousand cash and over is not so much thing becomes mouldy from lack of airing,
but that you must deduct the value of the hwt ko moh gather a film of mould.
; gu-sai-
atring. ci chph ci" cang
ci°-kng-soh lai chng ; ko puff-balls,
;
sua" chu-ko ; wild tulips used
get a cash string and string these cash. in medicine.
ko 85 To buy liquids. ko-16 Fleshless human bones.

•^J^
'till 432 5 ko cfu to buy spirits. ko ;
436 t6i ci° lai siu ko-16; con-
c§k t^ng bo-hd kai buy a measure of the very ;
tribute to pay for burying old human
money
best, ko iu ;
to buy oil. bones. kai li-hng si cng ko-16 kai ; this is
ci
a place where old human bones are interred.
^
pecially
432
ko 38
5
youug and unmarried
A
father's or husband's sisters;
a polite term for females, es-
ones; to tolerate ;
ko 160 A
failure of duty to hold to
432 "5~
be guilty.
ko-hu i kai un; ungrateful disregardful of his
;
lenient ; for the time. ;
ko-nie ; an unmarried lady. chi'a" a-ko lai kindness. ai" i ie"-se", hue min ko-hii i ; need
ciah piig ; ask aunt to come to dinner. toa not then be guilty of ingratitude toward him.
ko, soi ko the elder and younger sisters of
;
one's father or husband. a jl ko ; the next to ApQ k6 108 A kettle a covered pot.
;
the eldest of one's father's sisters. ISu ko c6 ; rnt, 433 11 te ko ;

a large tea kettle.
ko grandfather's sistei's.
;
lau ko po one's ; siah ko a pewter kettle.
; piiî-lo k6 ; a dish
great grandfather's sisters. ko so one's ; to keep betel-nuts in.
husband's sisters. sa" ko lak phua; disrepu-
table women. ko-liam i si co huam: poh-ceh 93 The male of quadrupeds.
i ce Ho cu pang i khu tolerate his having done
VFrong reprove him slightly and let him go.
:
; ^kd
ie" ko; rams,
3588 be-ko; stallions, gu ko; bulls,
tu ko; boars, kau ko; a male dog.
ko-chia", mang-mang-lai phah-?ng let it rest ;
awhile, and after a time we will consider the ko 207 A drum ;

musical instruments
subject. ko-sek indulgent. khah ko-sek e
;
434 made of skin ; drum-shaped ;
jit cu oi khut i lui tieh if you are too easy ;

to urge ;
to rouse.
with him, you will hereafter be brought into pie ko put a head on a drum, lui kd sound
; ;
trouble by him. ko-tie"; a father's sister's a drum. cang cua phue lui pie hi°-k6 make ;
husband, i no nang si chin-chin ko

pie the ;
the head of a drum with snake-skin, ko phue;
two are own first cousins, sons of a brother the head of the drum. ko chie"; the wooden
and sister. part of a drum. ko teng ; the line where the
head is joined to the drum. phah 16 ko beat ;
ko 39 Alone; without a protector; ko thui ; a drum-stick,

jut\ gongs and drums.
4/J\ 431 5 solitary ;
fatherless. ko ke a drum -stand, pi ko carry a drum on
; ;
i kai kliwn ko-hang cSi; his nature is solitary, the back, ko tong-tong-kie ko tom-tom-kie ;
;
not gregarious. hin-khek i kai si ko h'o ; his ko 6m-om-kie the drums give forth sounds,
;
influence is now reduced. ko-hun bo i soli- ; such as are made by a small, by a medium
tary and neglected. kwn kua" ko tok kai sized, and by a very largo drum. cien ko a ;
nang cham cai bachelors, spinsters, orphans

; drum used in battle, boi-ie-kd ; a rattle used
and childless people are very desolate. ko-ai
by mongers of wares, to announce their com-
cu an afflicted ko-toa" bo phua";
; orphan. ing, phah ke° kd to beat the watches of the
;
and companionless.
ko-lo kua"-bun
solitary ;
night on a drum. tng ji kd a biie ? Has the
an unpolished scholar of limited opportunities. second watch been sounded yet ? kd-bii ;
i si ho thph ko kai
nang he is one to whom ; exert one's self, i ka-ki khu khio kd he him- ;
an orphan might be confided. self went and sounded the drum. kha kd ki°;
beat the drum on its rim ; make an ineffec-
ko 75 Rotten or dry wood dried tive hit. lia ieh lai tu-tu tui kd tin-tang I
^^ 436 5 up ;
withered,
;
guessed exactly right. i

mng-kha cek kai
;
ko-ta; dried up; withered arid ; sapless, min- ;

nang to pp kd there is a man at the door an-
;
sek cng kai ko-kau his complexion is cadaver- ;

nouncing his presence by sound of drum. lia
ous, liu tieh cek hu ko kut;
dug up a skeleton. cang lu sa° thong kd, lu cp lu ang-ang khu cp ;
i cek p6i° chi'u
phien-ko ; one of his arms is I will beat the drum for you to keep up your
withered. hueh ko his blood is thin. ci ;
courage, and you go calmly ahead and do it.
kai mau°-pe" si hueh-ko ti kai ; this ailment lui kd sa° thong ; beat three strokes on a drum,
arises from poverty of the blood, ciam-ciam cieh kd ; stone drums, placed at the entrances
ko-ta gradually dried up and withered of temples, tiak-kd a tambouinne.
;
away, kd-ki'a";
;
ko chiu hong chnn cai hwt ki at the com- a toy drum.

;
pie kai cui-koi kd khut i ; made
ing of spring the old tree again puts forth a drum with frog-skin heads, and gave it to
branches. him. 16ng-cuu kd ; the drums on board a
258 niCTlONARY Of THE SWATOW DIALECT.
dragon boat, mong hue ko ; the drnm belong- same. k6 nang c^ng ta" kue said by the ;
ing to strolling perforraera, or acrobats. cI ancients. 6h ko tell stories, oh ko a, b6 cia

;
kiii kai phali ko kai, tl-tiang kai ko pang I'o su it is a story, no such thing ever
;
happened,
bp of these drummers, which one drums best ?
;
ham i mai" t6 thslk ko cu tell him not to make ;
i kai ko tiam slang hd he keeps the best time i kai

; up yarns. nang-khwn ko-ko ne he is ;
with the beat of his drum. 16 co 16 phah, ko very old fashioned. c6 su k6-k6 kuai-kuai ;
CO ko hiang ; sound the gonga and the drums c6 su kii-kii kuai-kuai ; does things in a very
independently of each other. queer way. ci kp fl sim-mih ko ciali ? Are
there any antiquities about here ? ko bun ;
130 bloated.
0k6 433 13
cbng have dropsy.
;
ko-ceng; dropsy.
Dropsical
ti k6-
si khi k6, a si ciii ko ?
;
ancient writings. cfl ko bp kai ; what has
never been from the most ancient times, cu ko
kau kim ; from olden times till now.
Is the bloated appearance produced by air or nang
sim put k6 ; the heart of man does not grow
by water? old. ko-tdng; curiosities antiques, ko-tong ;
Mr k6 140 Off-hand; impromptu; illicit;

pho a curiosity shop.
; ci cek pak si ko uo ;
^J 329 5 if 80.
this scroll is one having an ancient style of
writing on it. ci ktli si ko ce"; this is an an-
k6-chia" li'o su doing ; to fini.sh off
;
careless in
a matter huddle up. c6 su m hd
to
cient well, chun cek chph ko-si hok-sek kept
anyhow ;
some garments as relics of the past,
;
ta" ci kii
ko-chia"; one should not do things in a hasty,
i c6 su to si k6-k6 chi'ii"-
Qe khut nftng t<5 cp k6.khwn ; this sentence is
careless fashion.
now made use of by people as a sample of
chia°; he always does things in a very off-hand
ci'a sng s! ko-chi'a" Ho su this has been
ancient writing. i cp su
k6-t6ng c&i ; he acts
style, ;
done in almost any way so as to get it finished, very queerly. mai" t<5 c6 ko ceng do not be ;
satirical ; do not draw illustrations from olden

ko-ju Id a m bi" lai khu li ua Ifti khu if it ;
cia si k6-mueh ; this is a relic.
should happen that you have not leisure to go,
times. k6-
I will go. rgwn antiquities.
; k6 gti ; old sayings, ko
k6-h6k; perchance. ko-h&h;
Idi ancient rites. k6 si kai nang t&i- khai
fornication. ;
tong-k&u ; old fashioned people are generally

9 To estimate ; to reckon ; to honest.
To 433
on value worth
think; 5 to guess; to set a price
ko 130 A quota;
a proportion; a share
; ; ; price. Hft'
61 i to ko ke he who fixes the price.
;
it is k<S f^J^ 433 4 a detatchment
in a concern ; ;
lai khah kiii ; too high a price is set upon it. a portion of a country ; a strand in a rope ; a
ci kia" ko lai cu phi"; this one is set down at a chapter a head of a sermon ; the thighs,
;
low figure. lu ko ce you make a guess at ; pun ko ; share the assets. pun ko cu fi n&ng
the value. khut lu ko khu tiii-tiii you have ;
toa k6, fl n&ng soi ko ; in apportioning the
guessed exactly what it cost. cie lia ko li tak amount which each is to pay, some are assessed
m kku cie" coi according to my reckoning, it
;
more and some less. khia cp jieh coi ko ?
isnot worth so much as that, khui ko i pho ;
How many shares is the whole sum as.sessed
keep a second hand clothing store, i kai hue- to be divided into ? lu ai" khia ko, a si sua'
mîeh ko lai tia" cSi ; his goods have a very fair toi ? Will you apportion the sum to be made
price set upon them, f-keng ko tia''-tieh kai ; up in shares for each to pay, or make it up by
those already priced. mueh-kia" cxe ko ; calling for contributions ? cek ko khui thoi"
things according to their value. ciu hin-si jieh coi" ci"; divide and see how much each
kai hang-cheng lai ko ke set down the prices, ;
one has to pay. cia seng-li si tl-tiang io toa
according to the present market rates, cm lia ko-hun ? In this business who is the chief
co-Bi ko li ko m kan ; however I reckon this I partner ? poih ko eight heads, as of an es-
;
cannot bring it out right. lu ko thoi" ci'a su say. ko sph a threefold cord.
sa° ; put lun
6i tit seng me ? Do you think this can be ai" cp sim-mih su sa° ko sph to tieh coi in ;
brought about ? lia

tang cie° jit cu soi° ko whatever you wish to do, the three strands of
chut ; I thought all that out some days ago. the rope used must be uniform. leng-ua° cai
bun tng bun ko redistribute the shares,
•—
M ko 80 Ancient ;
old antique; of old
; ;
kuah ko cut the sinews of the thigh.
;
;
i cek
FJ 432 2 to grow old ; practised in ;

ko seng-li i°-keng thiah chut khu lio he hM ;
antiquity hoar. ;
already taken out the share which he had
ko-ca ; in olden times. ko kim to s! cek ie°; invested in the business. chap ii kiii kd has ;
in ancient and modern times it has been the invested in several shares.
ko 130 The tipper part of tlie arm.

k6 119 Paste; to pa.ste glutinous ;
elbow.
460
i bo
^ dm
cliia-ko ; the arm above the
to ka-ki kni chiu-
222 9 preparations,
khu khoh chph k6 IS-i ko go and make some;
cira-thflu,
teng he has no pillow, and pillows his head
;
paste and paste it. eng k6 Ifti tah stick it on ;
on his own arm. with paste. ko li'o tang i ta cia" oi toi"; after
pasting it wait till it is dry, then it will be firm.
k6 puah a paste-pot. ko lai m kin it is not
; ;
ko 181 To patronize ;
to assist by cut-bi ko paste made from
firmly pasted. ;
..,»S 435 12 counsel or custom.

glutinous rice, ko ui; paper garments, burned
i si lau cii-ko, md chuah i he is an old patron,
;
at funerals, ko poi"; a pasting brush. k6S.p;
and you must not over-reach him. in hua" kai, a box for paste, ne k6-k6 ; very adhesive.
to si ho cii-ko they are all good customers.
;
The bosom the lap.

61
^
;
ko 38 Jealous envious. i6 i to ko teng ciah ni nurs-

;
pho ;
917 T
ko-ki; jealousy, cng kai bo ing him in her lap. pho i pang k6 teng co ;
kb-ki ; without envy. i kai sim cu se° ko-ki ;

holding her in her lap. pho i to k6 teng gut
he became jealous of him. khu holding him asleep in her arms.
;
ko 154 To procure for one's self. ko 175 To lean against to rely on ;

;
330 ko sua" to chip set one on

To ;
327 7 to depend on for support, or
for a living,
the trail of. i"-keng ko sua" liah tieh have ;
followed on his trail and seized him. ta-hwt i ua-ko

ti-tiang ? On whom does he depend for
naug khu gua chu kb-b6i start people off to ; support ? ko tleh ti-tiang kai si ? On whose
influence does he rely ? ko ti-tiang thang i
purchase in other places.
ciah ? On whom does she depend to earn her
food for her ? ko cieh thio, khut cieh thio tS"
*K1 ko ^ To
hire for a price.
tieh ; leaned against a stone pillar, and the
t/S 435 ko-kang; hire workmen, long
12
stone pillar tumbled down on him. m-hp sie
kang chie" ko kai nang one engaged as a ;
ko ta"; do not lean against each other and both
laborer. si ai" ko cun ho, a si ai" ko kie ho ?
fallbackward, chvvn ko i ; depend wholly on
Will it be best to hire a boat or to hire a him. cek ke nang to si to i-ko i the whole ;
sedan ? lia ai" ko co chia I want to hire a ;
family depend on him. ko sin hut pp-ho;
cart. cwn ko ciah cun charter a boat. ho
u lam li ko lam,
depend on the gods for aid.
;
ko kieh lai ta"; hire a porter to come and

bp lam li ko nng if you have sons depend on
;
carry it. ko bo nang no one can be hired,

them, if you have no sons then depend on your
;
ko kai lai cfe" chu hire some one to guard

bp ko hp ko nothing to depend
;
daughters. ;
the house. on for support. i mih su boi, ko ki cliui td
ta"; he can do nothing, and lives by his wits.

32 To besmear ;
to daub ;
to
^.,
blot out.
918 10 plaster on ; to fill cracks ;
to — koi —
k6-l6k khu kau cu boi thia"; after smearing it
^H koi 196
Fowls gallinaceous birds.
;
over it did not smart. khfeh no tie" cua lai y^^ 334 10 cek ciah koi ; a fowl. koi
ko theng get two sheets of paper and paste
; ang, koi bp, koi kia"; a cock, hen and chicken,
up the holes in the windows. cang ciia ko pu cek tau koi-kia"; hatch out a brood of chick-
mi"; take paper and paste over all the cracks, ens, koi nng ; hen's eggs, ju chut slu koi-
ko m kin ; it does not stick tightly when bp ke-ke-kie ; like the cackling of a hen when
plastered on. cang tho lai ko daub it over ; she comes off the nest. koi bp kok-kok-kie to
with mud. kai min ko kau ceng-ceng hiin; kho koi-kia"; the hen clucks when calling her
her face is daubed all over with powder. ko chickens. koi noa"; a pullet. koi lui ; half
cau-cau plaster it on of uniform thickness,
; grown chickens, iam koi a capon, cliie koi ;
;
cang thang-iu-hue lai ko, cia" boi lau ; take a fighting cock, koi tio a hen-roost,;
koi tio
putty and stop the cracks then it will not 10 u keh me" kau-iin; you might as well expect
leak. ko kau hue-pa-li-long ; plaster it on an earth-worm to stay all night on a hen-roost,
till it is smooth, even and beautiful. cek ui cek kai koi-lio to chi koi; make a hen-house
sin ko kau nah-sap cai ; daubed all over for rearing fowls, sie phah koi; to fight cocks,
with dirt. koi thi a bue ? Is it cock-crowing yet. koi
thi n6 sa" I6h Ho ; the cocks have crowed two fowl. peh-cam koi ; fricasseed chicken, koi
or three times, thi-koi; a pheasant, kfra-koi ; jong ; minced fowl. koi si ml ; fritters with
the golden pheasant. tek-koi ; a species of shredded fowls' flesh in them, ngo hiang koi ;
partridge,
cvii-koi ; small green frogs, chaug spiced fowl, ho-pau koi ; boned chicken.
Koi ;bull-frogs. o koi-bp se° peh koi fing;
black hens lay white eggs. cng I6h khu, i koi-thek The pied duck, a beanti-
hie°-lf cfi koi b6i thi, kau b5i pui while he
was being buried the cocks did not crow, nor
;
.. My '^^ ^"1 water bird, with a
broad and upright fan tail,
the dogs bark, in his village, koi bih loh khu; chit pin kua" kai po-sira si sin koi-thek kai ;
the hen squats, koi cling i6 kp tlie hen is
;
mandarins of the seventh grade have the pied
sitting. o kut koi ; black boned fowls, jong duck embroidered on their official gowns.
koi of the breed of white fowls.
; rig^n koi ;
pure white fowls, hai koi-b(5 sea-gulls, koi

kue the comb of a cock.
;
;
koi-kiie hue ; the yff^ koi 144 A

thoroughfare ; a street an ;
flower called Cock's Comb, thai koi ; to kill a 1^4 3o9 avenue; a place where markets
6
are held ; abroad ; out of doors in the street,
fowl. cang koi suah hueh ; take a fowl and ;
koi chl ; streets where wares are sold. i khi

dress it. pu kiin ciii lai lura koi heat some
;
water and scald the fowls, chut koi ; he has gone out. koi-thslu Imng-bue
mang tlo koi-mo°;
ph6 ; small shops. ci cek tio koi tng cSi this
pull out the feathers, khui koi pak, pak lili kiai ;
kua".ing-to khieh chut lai open the fowl and

;
street is very long. cie" poi" koi wn kiie hie"
take out the entrails. koi ji'o a hen's claws,
;
p6i" koi ; this street runs into that one. chai
koi to phah sit; the hens are flapping their koi ; to decorate the streets with banners and
koi khf-thau iii" thi cu soi" transparencies, kak koi-hng id ti'am teng kiia
wings. phit-phit
chai ; every avenue is being illuminated, and
ph6k-ph6k kie ; when a fowl begins to crow,
it first flaps its wings noisily. lu si ciah chek
decorated with banners. toa koi ; the main
koi ; it is a hen that won't eat koi-b<5
street. hue koi Hu hang ; streets where play-
paddy. actors and courtesans reside.
chua koi-kia"; an old hen and chickens. koi-b(5 che koi ; guard
a° koi-kia"; the hen covers the chickens under the streets, sun-che koi-tftu; patrol the streets,
her -wings. koi-kia" sok cfti, th6i° H eng, me°- as watchmen and policemen do. koi lo k&i
m6" tiam-pang koi-bd kfii sit S ; the chickens n&ng c5i cfti ; there are many persons in the
are very knowing, and as soon as they see a streets.
hawk, they hide under the hen's wings, koi Id

ch6i"; the hen is scratching for food.
pe° ie°, m
ch6i° cu bo ciah I am like a fowl, if
I do not scratch for it, I have
;
kio koi
nothing to eat.
m 82 Steps, especially those which
358
9
koi
lead up to a gate.
lim-koi-cieh stone door-steps.
; cia" tab cie"
koi mo" si"; a feather fan. koi mo" choi"; a lim-koi-cieh teng cu th6i"-ki"; as soon as he
feather brush. chle" koi kha hun like the ;
stepped up on the door-stone, he saw it. puah
marks on a hen's claws. kira koi ; to shut up li'o
cuang tieh lim-koi-cieh ; fell and struck on
the hens. ju kwn koi hie"-se"; like watching
the door-stone, puah loh lim-koi e fell down ;
a flock of fowls. cek khun koi a flock of ;

the door-steps.
fowls. khut-ciah than liah koi the beggar
stole a fowl.
;
chin-chie" lio-eng-p6 tio koi-

kia" hie"-se"; like a hawk carrying off a chicken,
i kiii nang si ciah che" koi hueh ciu kai
they ;
^
i
. ,
koi
307
66
T
To
rect.
alter
leng-ua" koi jit ; he has again changed the

;
to amend ;
to cor-
are the ones who have drunken raw chicken day. chiet-io tieh cai koi-kiie; it is impera-
blood they have entered into a solemn com-
; tively necessary that it should again .be
pact to do a certain thing or die in the attempt, changed. koi-ua" mng-li ; change the door,
koi tSa the tail feathers of a cock.
; si toa rise in rank. i boi
koi-pi"; it never changes,
ceng koi a si sie ceng koi ? Is it a fowl of the lu tieh hue-koi ; you must reform. i
i°-keng
large, or of the small breed ? ci° koi, sek k6i-hue li'o ; he has already reformed. tl-hng
go ; young fowls and full grown geese. thoh koi-pi"; the place has altered, leng-ua" koi-ek
koi; a big stupid fowl; the Shanghai breed, cp cie°-se"; change it and make it thus. i m
hoh koi; a crane; a fowl of a tall thin breed, ngwn koi ke ; she is unwilling to marry again,
koi kut cang ; a palm whose trunk is marked chfa" i koi-cia"; ask him to rectify it. m5°
like a hen's claws. sie koi ; roasted chicken, th6i° i oi koi me ; wait and see whether he
kau ciah ksii sie"-sien koi; a whole boiled fowl, will amend. cai kiie pit koi ; when you are
hun koi smoked fowl. ; 15 kiam koi ;
pickled aware of faults, you must correct them.
koi 148 To unloose to sever to to b6 koi b6 ka ho never has a plan about

;
; ;
359 6 release. anything. tSi-tS,i khai-khki bd mih k6i-kk ;
koi tlo toa loose the girdle. niu koi khni as a general thing, there are no plans proposed,
; ;
•nnbutton it. co-ni koi-sueh ? How is it to be cii-cip ceng nang lai koi-ngf ci kia" su get all ;
cii-koi kfii; this book has the people together and consider what can be
explained ? cia cu ii
done in the matter. ci cek kia" koi-khui leng
explanatory notes. kang-koi ; to expound,
bo ho koi-kiu there is no way of escape, sin- ua"; change this plan.
;
8e°, lu thoi" ho k\u-k6i me ? Teacher, do you

think there is any way of escape from it ? lS.i koi 148 To forward ;
to hand over ;
khu koi bun ce ; let us go and refresh our 359 6 to transmit,

koi khim-htiam send a criminal on
cie" kia";
spirits a little. piig si ai" lui thoi" koi-cho :
6u put cai thoi" Iio ju-keng oho ; what we

to Peking. chph huam ai" koi khu ti-kp ?
cf
wanted to do in coming was to see if we Where are these culprits to be delivered over?
could alleviate the suffering who would have :
phai i khu koi hiang-ngun detach him to go ;
and deliver over the money collected in duties,

thought that our consideration would have lia khu koi nie-bi ; set me
made the suffering still greater. ciah ci'u koi phai apart to go and
deliver over the rice paid as land tax.
cho drink in order to drown sorrow.
;
mo" i eng jieh
lai koi ui ; look for him to come and raise the
coi nang ah-koi ? How
many men are required
01 ie" ieh 6i koi sii ; this medicine
for the convoy ? ci no kai si koi-che ; these
siege.
soh ho koi undo the rope. koi
two are the guards appointed as escort. khu
allays heat. ;
khui cun; unloose the boat, oh koi; it is hard chii kp koi ngun lai
eng; has gone home to
remit money for use here. koi kau piia" lo
to unfasten. psik khah kin, koi lii chut; it is
tied up so tightly that I cannot untie it. su pun chak chie" khu ; when it had been taken
one half of the way to the place where it was
put khp koi ; I really cannot unloosen it. cia
to be delivered over, it was seized
ua cu m koi h'o as for this, I am not going to
;
by robbers.
undo it. 6i koi tio take off one's shoes.
; oi
kio nang pai lang koi hun has great tact in ; ^^T koi 84 Fumes ;
exhalations j noisonae
settling difficulties for people. koi tak ;
ThV 348 6 odor.
neutralize poison. koi-sua" i kai sia
i cie" toa kai, hwn-lio lau
niia", 14a kau kî sa°
gua ;
chau nua"-k6i so large, he still drools,
dispel its noxious influences. ; though
so that his clothes smell of the saliva.
phi"
koi 104 The itch. tieh chau sng-koi ; smell a sour smell. cp-ni
361 4 se° koi ;
have the itch, koi kai bi kiam-koi kiam-koi ne ? What makes
ieh a remedy for itch.
; khut i he tieh koi ;
that offensive salt smell ? i hi" chau
hi"-lang-
caught the itch from him. koi his ears smell of the matter which exudes
;
from them,
koi 149 To plan to contrive to
it
; ;
338 2 calculate; to devise a scheme; koi 72

Easy ; facile ; not difficult.
a stratagem to append to a schedule.
;
281
koi cSi; very easily done, ne
4
i CO su bo koi bo
mong he has no underhand ;
koi-koi very easy indeed.
; siang koi kai su ;
schemes in what he does. siet tio koi-mong; a very ea.sy matter. koi-koi, cu ho ; if it cau
lay a plot. kang koi cek peh ni in all it Le done without difficulty it is well.
; ju koi
amounts to a hundred years, sim se" cek koi ; ju ho the easier the better.
; koi pat easily ;
thought of an expedient. ci kai koi bio cfti ;

learned. koi hio ; easily understood. koi
this plan is a deep one. pit-cai ho koi-cheh; is ta"; easily said. koi Iph sek koi pien sek ; ;
j'eally a good plan. cin-cin si mio koi is ;

fades easily. k5i toa; easily reared, koi pi";
indeed a well laid scheme. lu u sim-mih ho fickle. koi siang-sin ; credulous. si koi a si
iDio koi ?What is your plan ? tong i kai koi oh ? Is it easy or difficult ? u si koi, u si oh ;
Ifo;has fallen into his trap, am koi sie" nang; sometimes easy and sometimes difficult. ai"
injure people by underhand measures. i si ph ho cu oh, ai" oh m-hd cu koi it is difficult ;
khut ke-koi lui tieh he was embarrassed by ;

to learn to do well, but it is easy to learn to do
his domestic circumstances, koi-khui jieh coi ill. iong-koi ; facile, iong-iong koi-koi cii tit
mia" ? How many names were appended ? bo tieh attained with the greatest ease,
; sie" ke"
koi khd si no plan to offer, mai" khu thin i
; iong-koi, cu ke" lang ; to test the pottage is
koi-ka, ce thin i kbi-ka cu ceng-ceng ue ; do easy, but to make it savory is difficult, ci kia"
not go and disturb his plans, if you do there much koi hai ;
this thing is easily injured, ci
will be no end of words about it. i mih su kai miieh koi cii ; this
thing in easily spoiled.
262 DICTIONARY OP THE SWATOW DIAtECt.
10 koi ; siang koi easiest.

easier, i koi
pi" ; getting the best, and has not yet made a selec*
rain c5i he is very easily offended.
;
mai* tion. 81 ua ka-ki k6i°-swn kai ;
it is one that
khah koi khut i do not let him get it too
;
I myself picked out. k6i"-8wn m
pat-t6 khi }
easily, co su raki" thara koi; do not covet ease, do not know how to choose. cia mng si
nkng
ai" til" to chili cu koi, ai" khut op cong oh it is ;
koi" sin kai ;
this is what is left after other
more easily said than done. via th6i° lu kia" people have picked out what they wanted,
khu koi-koi ne; I should think you could easily khut nang koi" chun cek chph hue-kha; the
walk there. garblings left by those who have selected what
— koi" — they wanted from the goods. koi" ceng kai
io ke i"; the assorted ones are
(
higher priced.
koi" 182 "^^^ shoulders. i khua"-kliua" ne t<5 koi"
380 4 koi". than ; the top of the nang-ke he is taking ;
his time in looking about among families in

shoulder. i kai
koi"-pang toa, il luk ; he is order to choose a wife. soi" k6i"-khf cek
broad shouldered and strong. phi-koi"; an choh the first pick of the goods.
official cape, laid over the robe, and made of
;
silk. hun-koi"; a mantilla worn by brides, k6i" The cocoon of the silk worm ;
120
liiah koi" ce lay down the burden for a little 38318
;
thesilky pupae of other moths.
while, ua" koi"; to shift the burden from one
ch6i"-k6i"; the silk worm's aurelia. 6ng ch6i"-
shoulder to the other. tl gA ua" koi"; an
koi" sah Ho lai thiu si ; boil the cocoon and
earthquake, supposed to result from the move- then wind off the silk, cfa si k6i"-<iu ; is pon-
ment of the ox that sustains the earth. khia kit cek kui koi" to chiu ko ; made a
gee,
koi" be to ride on one's shoulder. sie lam cocoon on a tree.
;
si-hau ce kau, i ka-kl cfi
koi"; to embrace. kio koi" thio m5ng.ek kî kfi phua koi" chut lai ; when the season for it
nang boi mueh, mai" khah cho-siap when you ;
arrives, it eats through its cocoon and comes
buy from pedlars who carry their wares about forth. ch6i"-lau ce pi" co ch6i"-ngo cii chut
on their shoulders, do not drive too close a k6i"; when the grub has changed into a moth
bargain. c6k phi" koi" cu ta" kau hu-ko khu ;
it emerges from the cocoon. ci' khf
thang 6i
carried it there without once shifting it from kit k6i" kai this caterpillar makes a cocoon.
;
one shoulder to the other. koi"-th&u kh\a-

khia very high shouldered.
;
koi" kak koi"- ; koi" 146 A
plait ; gathers tucks. ;
thSu kai piig si kut ; the shoulder blade, koi" 384 12

niap k6i"; lay plaits. cek
poi" ai" niap kiii kai koi"? How many plaits
boi thio, chi'u boi tin the shoulder can bear ;
no burden, and the hand can grasp no weight. do you wish to have on a side ? thi" lai kai
k6i" m
si-cia"; the plait is not sewn down
m rJ
ci koi"
381
koi" 169
rooms and houses,
4
A
chu hu iSi kiii koi" pS-ng ? In this house
space ; a classifier of
straight, e-tng ai" thi", khieh koi", tieh khieh
hd-h<5 ; another time when you are sewing
gathers you must sew them evenly. koi" cue
how many rooms are there ? ue koi" phang ; tieh cih tit- tit; the plait must be folded straight,
the whole place is fragrant, ue koi" chau; the min teng niap kai koi"; has a puckered scar ou
whole place smells badly. i keh co cek koi"
her face.
cek koi" long-cong u jih gua koi"; he has di-
vided it up into apartments, and there are
over twenty in all.
coi
i hu 13.i kai
p^ng koi"
la u s6i-ek koi", ia u hiie-sit koi", m pi
:
m
m koi"
381
To sunder to put obstacles
169
between,4
;
ho k6i"-sp nang kai kut-nek; one must not

set relatives at variance, koi" koi"
n^ng b6 sim-mih koi"-keh kai chu ; the apart- jit jit ciah;
ments in it are many there are bath-rooms :
take on alternate days.
it tin-tang koi" cek
and there are cook rooms, and it is not as it is khau phun there is a grave [belonging to
;
where people have a house with but few rooms, some one else] occupying the space between,
no koi" sie-thang; the rooms open into each no kai khe" keh-piah tin-tang koi" ii cek kp
other. toa cieh in the space between the two pools
;
there is a large stone obstructing the way. so

koi" 64 To select ;
to choose. put koi" chin, ein put koi" ku differences do;
383 '9 khua"-khua° ne k6i°-toh, k6i" not sunder relationship, and the new does not
cek kai ho-hd kai select without haste, so as
; separate one from the old. bo koi" bp chah ;
to get one of the very best ones. i kai m cai there are no obstacles intervening. chwn bp
cp-ni to koi": koi" kau ta" hwn-li'o koi" bo kai koi" chah, thong sin si i kai there are no ;
h6 he does not know to choose he has been

; :
intervening spaces [belonging to some one
until now looking them over with a view to else], the whole extent of it belongs to him.
DICTIOJIARY OF THE SWATOW DtALECT. 263
his arm. ciah chi'u kdih, ciah chfa khieh; some

koi" 64 To carry tinder the arm; to
kau
under one arm, and some in the other.
356 ^ clasp between the arm and and bring it along.
kai, k6ih lai; take it whole,
the trunk.
phia".li-kut khut i koih
cih squeezed him
koh-thang-e cu koi° ku-a ki tek lai he
;
i ;
under his arm so hard as to break his ribs.
brought several bamboos, holding them tightly
under his arm. koi" piig-thang lai ; bring
k6ih 80 To mimic tones to modu-
the rice-basin, holding it under the arm. hai D^
ni 633 T late the voice,
;
i koi" kau eh''-eh"-kje was squeezed so tightly

;
koih kau ki sia" soi-soi, cii si cu-nle modu-
sia";
under her arm that he could scarcely breathe, lated his voice to a squeak, like the voice of a
i
pi kia" koi° ji hii
kau ci-ko kang-kho cSi it ;
woman. i kai sia" ra cai co-ni niap, co-nl
will be very hard for her to come all this
koih, put tSng chie khek kai sia" kio cu-nie
distance carrying one child on her back, and cek ie", cu si tia"-peh kai ue, ia cu si kai cu-nie-
another under her arm. i
kia"-jit kiam-koi" kia° kai sia"-sueh do not know how he I
;
ke kai hak-seng ip co he to-day brought along
;
modulates his voice, but in singing ballads his
another student into the examinations. voice is just like a woman's, it is in a conversa-
— koih — tional style, and is also the voice of a young
girl- koih sia" jin an apt mimic of female ;
koih 37 Lined double to pick up
; ;
voices.
356 4
koih kai
between two prongs.
of a single thick-
— kok
fci toa" kai a si ? Is it
ness, or is it ai° koih slm-mih li?

lined? /j>
^/^ kok 150 A gully ;
a gulch ;
the bed
What sort of lining will you put in ? koih '^t^ 453 of a torrent,
hia°; a lined sleeveless jacket. koih bueh ; sua" -kok a ravine.;
i khia-khi to sua"-kok-
lined stockings. koih khb-thau double ;

lok toi he lives away off in a mountain wady.
;
trowsers. koih phau-thau a double-gown, ;

tiii ci sua"-kok-lok toi jip khu cu si; go in
eng tu koih ; take up with chopsticks. koih through this wady, that is the way.
m khi ; I cannot nip it up. ci'a tieh khia thih-
ki" khii koih you must pick it up with tongs,
; fs5l ^<^^ ^ A state, a kingdom, a country,
mueh phue; Ir^ 491 8 a nation, a people; national;
koih pick up the condiments,
cia m eng tu koih, tieh eng si I'e this is not ; government,
to be taken up with chopsticks, but is to be pdg kok own
country.
; giia kok ; foreign
dipped up with a spoon.
lands. pat kok tha kok other nations, ; ;
bwn kok ; all nations. kii kok fatherland ; ;
koih 64 To press between two boards; the old country. i

tng khu ku kok lie has ;
356 ~1 boards for pressing; to clasp returned to his native land. kok kun sover- ;
or carry under the arm. eign, kok bp the empress.

;
kok uang ;
koih poi" boards for pressing the sides of a

; princes, kok su royal astrologers.
;
to ti cek
thing. cu-cheh koih board covers for books,;

kok-to ? What country is in ? cheng-li bwn it
sie" koih boards used to support the sides of

;
kok cu tai-khai sie tang those usages which ;
trunks, koih kiu ce; press it somewhat tighter are founded in reason, are much alike in all
between the two. koih kin-kin; squeezed very countries. Ii-s6k bwn kok cu kak-kak rii tang;
tightly between two. koih bih flatten by ;
customs differ in all different lands, kak kok
pressing. koih kau cap lau-laa squeezed so ;
kak kok kai hong-sok each nation has its own ;
that the juice runs out. nang coi, sie ci" sie peculiar ways of doing things, hin-khek thi"-
koih; there was a great crowd of people, crowd- e u jieh coi toa kok ? How many great nations
ing and pressing upon each other. koih kha, are there now in the world ? thong thi"-e bwn
koih chi'u to torture by pressing the ankles
;
kok ;
all nations under heaven. sara kok
the ;
and wrists between boards. kliut i koih tieh ; three states which divided China from A.D.
got nipped by it. hu-jin hue siu cang kai 222 to 265. li'ang kok sie thai the two coun- ;
cang-k6ih the splints u.sed by women to hold

; tries are at war. kok huap; kok-ke kai huap-
the coiffure in place. koih to cu-cheh toi ; lut ; the laws of the country. sua" kok a ;
pressed in a book, pai thiap toi koih cek tie" mountainous country. cek kok a country of ;
loi-mueh toa"; a complimentary token folded which a large portion of the surface is watered,
within the folds of a visiting card. koih to tho kok ; a country which contains a large pro-
kph-thang-e put it under his arm.
; k6ih png portion of dry land. cu khui kok i" lai, bue
cu-cheh carrying a book under his arm. koih
; u ; from the foundation of the state until now
cek ki phoi^-ta"; carrying a bearing-pole under it has not been so. kok su si tl-tiang to cong-
264 DICTIONAUT OF THE SWATOW DULKCT.
\i ? Who is managing the national affaire ? i
k&i kok-ceng ho roc ? Are their national affaire

T^ kong
459
12 Public ; common ; open ;
•ifc^ 2 equal to
just; all; general ;
in good condition ? kok thai, roin na"; when
equitable ; the first of the five ranks of nobility;
the country is at peace, the people are comfor- a duke, a lord, a master.
table, thvvn kok jieh coi to ; handed down the
kong su; public business. kong hQe ; club,
throne to many generations. kue kok leave ;
association, or public society, kong so tl-hng;
the country. gua-kok kio tong-kok hfia-hau ; town houses or public halls. kong-lJia ; fair,
other countries are on amicable terms with
equitable. kong-kong tSu-tSu ; perfectly just.
China. t&i-mui"-kok hue-ki-kok ; the United i c6 pu ua thoi" tieh m
;
kong-tSu ; he acts in a
States. ta,i-eng-kok; Great Britain, t&i-huap- way that appears to me to bo unfair. kong-
kok France. tS,i-ng6-kok ; Russia, jit-pun- cia° kfii hie" sin
;
; upright village elders. c6ng
kok Japan.
; ang-lara kok Anam. liu-kliiu ;
n&ng lai came to make a fair all
kok Corea. Blam-16 kok Siara. p!t-lu kok ;
kong If;
; ;
settlement. tSi-ke ai" kong-ku ti-tlang ?
Pern. \n-ib kok ; thien-cok-kok ; India, Whom do you all want to put forward as a
raien-tion-kok ; Thibet. tho-ju-ki-kok ; Tar- candidate? kong-ciak; a duke, kong ia; my
key, ai-kip-kok; Egypt, iu-thai-kok ; Judea. lord, the duke, kong c6; a young gentleman ;
sio kong-cu ; a wild

^^
^^
kok
453
115
10
Corn; grains; cereals;
tuous in medicine,
vir-
fecal
gentlemen.
oflBcers,
young gentleman, hna-hua kong-cu ; a young
;
spendthrift. toa siang kong ; a term used

matter.
in addressing a clerk in a yaraun or a large
ng(5 kok ;
all kinds of grain. peh kok ; every
sort of cereal. kok tSu the fecal passage.
house. kong cu the emperor's daughter. ;
i
gt kong ke co-pd ciah a si pun khui ciah ? Do

;
kok tSu m thong; bowels are constipated. ci

the whole family take their meals together, or
kla" su si kua ci" kok, a kua hia" mia" ? Is this
business to bo referred to the clerk in the
do they eat separately ? a-kong ; a grand-
father, thki kong; great grandfather, gua
prefects ofjce, or to the legal counsel who
kong maternal grandfather.
; kong ma ;
manages criminal cases in the local court ?

grandparents. hong c6-kong; yki c6-kong ;
/VZL kok 12 To boil down to stew. ;

worship of ancestors. kong eo tJii-jin ; the
nQ kong phua hua cSi the old
JJPK 1117 10 m cai kwn, kok khu cui ta
Prefect. ;
ci'a h\ kong hSng

khu was not looking after it, and it boiled
;
couple agree very well. ;
this is a public fund. i sai-khih nftng kai

dry. kok-kok-kie the noise of rapid boiling,;
kong ci"; he embezzles the public funds. hui

kok cek kua le kha h<5 li'o ; it has boiled a half
tlo kong mueh ; waste the public property.
day and must be done.
— kong — hak ke cek chph kong ngiap ; buy some more
ti-chang ke hph coi kong
public property.
kong 19 Achievement; good service; ehang kong pho ; buy in ever so many more
^JJ 460 virtue ; meritorious.
8 fields and shops to be used in common, kong
i kfii kong-lau toa; his merit is great. cd su sim ; public spirited, kong pheng ; just ;
CO kau seng kong one must bring what one ;

equitable, kong pheng kau-ek a ;
fair bargain,
does to a successful issue, li kong kfti chin-cu; kong bu hwn cJli; public business of many kinds,
courtiers who have done meritorious deeds, kong tng a public hall.
; kong ti a common, ;
kong-chin Jlu-i the descendants of deserving

; cek ji jip kong rang, kau gu thoa m chut ;
ministers. bo kong ien kd" ciah 16k ? With- when a complaint is once entered at the yamun,
out having done anything deserving reward, nine oxen cannot draw it out, peng kong
how dare one draw his salary ? ii
kong-tek phdi" su; adjudicate in accordance
with equity,
kip min has done good works in behalf of
; soi' kong, au sai; public interests before pi-ivate
the people. kien kong, lip ngiap ; achieve business, si kong bun, a si peh tho ? Is it the
virtue, and found an estate. kong-mia" chi best quality of opium, or the worst ?
cd to u sio; merit sooner or later rewarded,
is
thu-lau bo kong ; to labor without advantage. kong 66 To attack to assault to
"iJ^ ; ;
c3,u-hue ci thiap ieh ciah loh klm u kong-hau ; V'V 461 Y fight with ;
to set to work
as it happened this dose of medicine proved at to apply to ; to rouse by reproving,
;
effective when taken. i

i"-keng kong seng, kong-phah i kai ti-hng; attacked their country,
mia° ciu h'o he has already achieved a
;
reputa- ceng nang kong-khek cek nang they all set ;
tion, i td CO kong-tek ;
he ismaking merit. upon him. kong sia"; assault a citadel, jit
ikai ha hok si sio kong a tfii
kong ? Does he me" kong cu study hard day and night.
;
i°
wear mourning for five or for nine months. t&k kong tsLk use poison as an antidote for
;
poison, korg m
pliiia ; fail to take by
assault, best sort of satin. kong tSu si iu tl-kp ? By
kong phvia i kai ia°-ce ; captured their in- what route is the tribute brought ? kien
trenehmeiit. hue-coi kong-tu i; assemble and kong those graduates who have bought their
;
withstand them in battle, pin-16 leng hia khi, degree, chut kong graduates who have tried ;
for ten years to get the next degree,

kong kien ; betel-nut will disperse wind and li
k6ng ;
reduce congestion. me"-me" tieh eng kong one who has bought an office,
tham kai ieh lai kong tio ci chph tham must

^^
;
kong 186 Odoriferous; diffused odor.

quickly take some medicine which will remove
phlegm, and clear out the throat with it. p^^ cek koi" kong-kong phang;
151 9
si un hie"-cha a in si ? The whole place is full
soi" kong-sua" ci ti'am cek khi first dissipate ;
the humors which have accumulated. ce khi, of a sweet smell it comes from burning sandal
;
hueh cu kong sim as soon as one is angry, the wood does it not ? phi" tieh kong-kong
;
blood rushes to the heart, khut chph tham ce phang smells very
; fragrant.
kong, cu hun-kong khu ; as soon as he was 112 A cannon a howitzer.
choked with mucous he became insensible. tA kong ;
667 14 ci bue kong kai se°-cu eng

48 An artisan skilled work jieh toa ? How
large a ball is required for this
Xkong
460 "O" skill ;
a job.
; ;
cannon sin cu cek mng tang kong ; a newly
?
cast brass cannon. kong choi"; a swab for
f-u
long kong siang; literary men, farmers,
artisans and merchants. i co lai ceng-kong cleaning a cannon. kong kai ieh long-cong
jip pin the cannon is already loaded.
cSi he has done it in a most workmanlike
;
;
manner. cia sit-cai iiang kha toh thien kong;

kong 108 To roil to ;
stir up and
this man has certainly seized upon the skill of
370 T4 make turbid,
nature in doing things expertly. ci'a si toa
kong kau lo-lo
by stirring. ; kong 16 i
roil ;
kong thia"; this is a big job. m

roil itup. kong n^ng kai cui 6i tit 16
tieh
'
cia" u eng, to
kong nang kai cui rn 16 cp ii eng
-
Jn^ kong 61 The exhibition of respectful ne ? Of what use is it to make a fuss, if you do
^J»T 462 '6 feeling, not make one that amounts to something ?
I respectfully wish you joy, (as at
kong-hi;
the New Tear). khu kio i kong-hi kai nang — kp —
hph coi those who went to wish him a Happy
;
kp 104 Leprosy, scrofula, and kin-
New Year were many.
156 9 dred diseases,
thai-ko thai-kp nang; a leper,
y«*» kong 118 A tube a short cylinder. leprosy.
;
thai-kp mi^-nua" kai nang one full of leprous

;
;
^^ 474cam khng to cam-kong tdi;

8
sores, thai-kp phua; a leprous woman, khia-
the needles are put away in the needle-case,
khi to thai-kp lio kp dwelling in a lazar- ;
tek kong; a small dipper or measure made from
house. khi-thau phu thai-kp; beginning to
a section of the trunk of a bamboo, cek kong show signs of leprosy. thai-kp khut-ciah a ;
l^nof the core of a boil.
cong-cok toa, thai-kp khah
;
leprous beggar.
mi"-niia"; when a claia becomes large there are
-
kong 154 To offer to a liege lord
|—I always some in it who are far gone in leprosy,
_^^ 464things for service ; presents
3
thai-kp 6i ue nang leprosy is contagious, ;
i si
from foreign nations given in homage ; fit for
tang a-no"-kia" thai-kp kai; he has been a leper
presents or tribute ; the best sort to offer ;
from his childhood. thai-kp, se"-mia°; to the
service.
cin kong
leprous, his life, phu kau cek kai
thai-kp lau
;
to bring tribute, kong sai ; tribute cek kai the leper's domes rise one by one, (on
;
bearers. si lai kong sim-mih much ? What his body).
does he bring as tribute ? kong loi presents ;
Bent to Court. toa kiie kong-l"; bigger than

"^fg kp J 96 A parrot.
an examination hall, (in which the graduates
TqI^ 423 To eng-kp ;
the green parrot,
are supposed to offer their talents for their which may be taught
lio-kp ; the minor, a bird
country's service). kong cun a ship bearing ; to speak.
tribute. u eim-mih kph ie" mueh-kia" lai
kong-hjen has some curious thing to present,
; kp 130 Grease hard fat greasy ; ;
h'am ki k6ng-hie° lai phi" phang ; light a large 324 10 substances,

white incense stick and smell its odor. i ta°
ngau cp kp make it into salve, buah kp-ieh
; ;
ci kai si kong tng ; he

says this is the very anoint with ointment. ngau ieh-kp make ;
266 brCTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALECt.
k&i gAeh fi jieh coi kp hue ? How

salve.
TtjT ko 80 An elder brother a term of ;
much allowed you per month for fat and fire
is
FIJ 42i3 7 respect,
[a scholar's stipend]? ko-liang cu-t! a rich ; a kp the Emperor's sons
; my elder brother ; ;
man's son ; a young spendthrift. ngau iu-kp ; a term used in addressing another person's
try out lard, kinp nang ci"-kp; tear out the fat servant, kp kp; toa kp; my dear elder brother.
of human entrails, llu r\kng kO-chiie ; squeeze ISu kp ; venerable Sir.
out peoples* marrow take the means of living
^
;
away from people, lu li6ng Id 16k, min kp min kp 140 Perfume ; fragrant.
ci°: hia min koi tigiak, slang-thi" Iftng khi ; 129 4 kp-kp-phang odoriferous. ;
your salary and perquisites are the people's

substance th e common people are easily op-
:
:^
i^»
kp 128 A lamb.
325
pressed, but God is not to be imposed upon, 4 ciu stewed
iang kp, raiii" ;
cleh-kp gypsum.
; kp-huang ; the space lamb and delicate wines.
between the heart and diaphragm.
k(5 115 The culm of grain ; a first
325 10 draft of a paper ; a minute
¥ kp
310
118 The culm
slender stick,
tek ko ; a bamboo polo.
8
khia ki tek kp Ifii ne
of the bamboo ;
a
[P]
proof sheet.8.
beh kd wheat straw, tiu kp-châ; rice straw,
;
chau-kd hay. i kai Qe chwn min phah kd, H-

;
;
sa"; take a bamboo pole and hang the jackets li ta"; he has no need of
writing out beforehand
out to dry. khia tek-kp-kia" l&i tio mang- what he is going to say, but speaks off-hand
tio°; take a small bamboo pole to suspend the with fluency, cek n&ng khf kd, cek nilng sfa ;
mosquito bar upon. tich khieh ki tng-tng one made tlio rough draft, and the other wrote
kui tek-kp cia" \S. tit tieh ; you must take a out a fair copy. i si sia tieh
theng-kd teng
very long pole and then you can poke it down. k&i; he got his degree through writing a tlieme.
hfth tieh i k&i theug u kd it suits his theme, ;
n&ng cheng-lm i c6 kd-koug; people addre.ss

^^
1^
kp
324 i
118 The
pole of a boat.
id tng thfiu.kp ; he is
10
him as head clerk of the office where the
records of cases are kept. phai i cp kd-iia"
bowman. cang kp the" cQ hd ; take the pole
and pole along and all will be well. ki kp mng-cie"; depute him to be the keeper of the
office where the records of cases are deposited.
pang loh cu si cie"; put your pole in and it
becomes an oar. i kai kp cio" c6i
; they work kd 145 A bundle a parcel.
in unison ; they pull together. hd m _ga ;
ci-kp kp 490
^pj^ pau-kp a bundle, pi pau- ;
the", tieh tau cfe"; we cannot pole here, we kd carry a bundle on the back.
must put on the oars.
;
pau-kd
phue the cloth wrapper in which a bundle
;
is bound, ke siang- hd, mdng pau-kd falsely ;
kp 119 Cakes; pastry dumplings. ; friendly, manipulating your bundle to find out
liiW 325 10 I'ang-p ai° ciah kp an in- ;
what is in it.
dulged child wants sweetmeats. koi nng ko ;
boi ce kp-pia" Ifii phiie t^ buy -r in kd 75

kd-png ; a plant like water-
sponge cake. ;
a few cakes to eat with tea. j |BJ 325

10 hemlock or cowbane, (Cicuta)
gueh kp, gueh
whose seeds are used as medicine, kd-piig hd
pia"; cakes with and without stuffing, of a
crescent shape. ti thau-tliia"; cowbane is good for the headache,
nng kp soft cakes, kang ;
kp hard cakes. kd-buah hah hie"-lio-buah hd cp cp hie"; pow-

; hun-phien kp cu-cheh kp ; ;
lek-tau kp dered cowbane, with incense powder, is good to

flaky cakes. cakes having a core;
of green peas, use as incense.

kp choi rice flour for making
;
pastry.
/y^ kp 30 To accuse to inform to ad- ; ;
Pt 326 4 vise of to request, ;
MV' kp 76 To sing in a recitative or ngwn-kp the plaintiff, pi kp the defendant,

; ;
423 10
PJ/y chanting style, ngwn-ko kui to tang poi", pi-ko kui to sai ppi",
kp bu ;
to chant and dance. kp-chiang ;
to kang-ceng cu kui tin-tang the plaintiff kneels ;
chant. kp-chiang lai kai sia"-im ho ;
it was on the east, the defendant on the west, and
chanted melodiously. kp sia" lio liang clear the witness in the centre,
;
php-ko si tl-tiang ?
sounds of sweet music. min kang kai ko io ; Who is to plead the case ? chut ko-si issue a ;
a popular ditty, kp-song i kai un-tek chant i ko lu mih su ? What does he

; proclamation.
praises of his goodness. charge you with ? i
pun mdng n&ng khong-
btCTtONARt OP THB SWATOW DtALttCT. 267
been accused by a certain per-

iie lias kp by the foot of the hill. t5 min-chn^ §
kp ticli ; ;
son, u ko, ua u sii he has a charge, and I

i ; ko; under the bed. to i thau-khak teng kp ;
have a refutation. cia ko m cle" cua ; this ac- above his head. to i sin-pi" kp upon his ;
cusation is not worth the paper it takes to person, i to hu teng kp, a si to ci e kp ? Is it

write it on. iTi-ho bii-ko nang ; bring no false up there or down here ? jwn ti ko hd any ;
i khu kp place will do. bp kp h(5 hiah; no place to lodge.

charges, kp ciig an indictment. ;
gu cng, tieh khu cie''-si kp, k6 Ho, cia" hah-

Bck kp gu cng if one wislies to appeal to the ;
kp 32 A classifier
a lump a piece. ; ;
supreme court, he must first bring his case 471 cek kp nek
a piece of meat.
10 ;
before the provincial courts in their order, and hu kp ti jieh khuah? How wide is that piece
then if he is not satisfied with the decision he of land ? khieh kp pfa" pun i get a biscuit ;
i hang ke to
appeals to the supreme court. and give it to her. ai° ke no kp ; I want two
sie kp ; the two are suing each other, ku-a kp pau cp cek kp several
parties lumps more. ;
kp Ho ti-tiang ia" ? Who won the suit? ci'a pieces wrapped in one bundle. Iph ko-kia" peh-
sng si ii kp bp su kiii this is to be reckoned as ; hwn put in a little bit of alum, kng kp cieh
;
a charge without any defence. kp kia cek kai lai tu ; bring a stone and brace it. cang kp
i hin-
gueh ask a month's leave of absence.
; cha lai soih stay it in place by a bit of wood.
;
khek kp pe" li'o to ke thio ui; having got leave

of absence on account of sickness, he is at home
170 kp-keh ; to hinder ; to cause
kp
nursing his health, i khu kp cong-iang, kp i7i
ciui; he went to get leave of absence on account
PI 5 88
delay; to embarrass; to impede.
of his duties to his parents, but did not get it. raua''-ti-kp kp-ko-keh-keh, kia" kang gueh cia"
kau ; was hindered everywhere, and arrived
w
to i*ow.
kp
34
i
75
oi
8
To row with an oar.
kp me" ce; row faster, kp ci'e";
ko cun a boi ? Can he row a boat?
only after a whole month's travel, cek tit kau
hd-kp khu, chvvn b6 tiara-kia" kp-keh tieh ;
went there at one stretch, and without the
least delay anywhere.
kp 141 A place ;
a point.
94 bu-kp there,
5 ci-kp ;
here. ;
''**
kp 118 A conical or cylindrical trap,
ti-kp ;
where.
mua°-ti-kp everywhere. lii
; 329 5 made of bamboo, for catching
ai° khu ti-kp ? Where are you going ? i bp fish ; dragged along the bottom,
it is
khu ti-kp he has not gone anywhere.; pang hu he kp traps for fish and for prawns,
kp, ;
to ti-kp ? Where did you put it ? pat-kp ;

ce jip kp toi cQ boi tit chut if they once get ;
elsewhere. khu pang pat-kp go and put it ; into the trap they cannot get out.
somewhere else. kp-kp to ho any place will
do. bo kp ho pang there is no place to put ;
;
— ôh. —
it. kia" bp kp khu there is no place to walk ;
in. lu lai ua kp, lia li khu lu kp you came to IaI 102 koh
Strange diverse different. ; ;
my house, and I went to yours. raai" khu i

;
^^ 281 6 kph ie" cai most extraor-

ua thoi" tieh koh ie"; to me it appears
;
kp do not go where he is.

;
lai lin kp cp ;
dinary,
odd. i kio i sng si kph se"; he is of a different
come and sit with us. lin cf khii hie" kp, bp
sim-mueh ho ciah if we go there we shall surname from him. i kai nang se" lai koh ie";
;
find nothing to eat. sia"-chi kp cii u mueh hp

he is different from Other people. i kai se"-
ciah in the market there are edibles.

;
khu cheng koh ie"; he has a queer disposition.
pheng-iu kp ta° He gone to a friend's to ;
consult with him. kp-kp u every place ; kph 30 To irritate the throat.
contains some. ci kai si eng kau ti-kp khu ? 0->^
^f 970 10 oi kph au
pi'a"
the biscuit ;
How far will this go in supplying our wants ? rasps my throat. ci kin kp ciah tieh khah
na ci kuii kp mp-ki" kau hiig-hng kp stay ; kph au ;
this sort of jam makes the throat
near here and look away off yonder. bp ti- tingle too much as it goes down. mai" khut
kp hp thit-tho ; there is no place to go for in kph tieh; do not get strangled'by the smoke,
recreation. lu khia pang ci'-kp you stand ; to hwt hue kia" khui ce, mai" khut i kph tieh;
:
here. lu khu cp pang hu-kp you go and sit ;

he is slaking lime go farther off so as not to
:
there, to hu khau kp ;
outside there. to hu be choked. khoi-sua-pa ngo tieh than huang
t<3i inside there.
kp ; gua min kp ; on the ciu oi kph tieh nang ; the sand of the river
outside, hai ki° kp ; on the sea-shore. to ci bottom, if there happens to be a wind, may
lo pi° kp here by the roadside.
;
to sua" kha choke one.
2G8 DICTIONARY OF THB SWATOW DIALECT.
koh A povoh ; an anteroom ;

169 ku 9^ Hunchbacked to stoop. ;
426 a corridor; female apart-

6 1126 dl ku ie hunchbacked.
; ie
ments ;
a council-chamber or the ofl&cers as- ku kkn phak-phak; he bent almost double, is
sembled in it. i kai ie se" lai tam-ku tara-ku ne he is very ;
lai kph Inner Council.

;
tlie iSi kph tong-su ; round shouldered. i si iu-ui
tfing miieh teii
the clerk of the Inner Council. poih jip lai tieh t\-kû ku ie ; he became hunchbacked
by
koh become a member of the Inner Council,
; carrying heavy burdens. i kai ie ku-ku ho ;
is much bent.
tang koh tfii hak-su the Premier, si kai cai-
; phak-ku 16h kliu khieh stoop ;
Biang, no kai cheng toi", no kai cheng koh ;

down and pick it up. sin ce ku ke cQ iam
of the four ministers, two are called chamber- k\°; as soon as he bent down he espied it.
lains, and two councilors.
cilors,
jtp kph
e kiii se";
;
kph lau
kph chiu coun-
cabinet ministers.
; ra6ng si
at that time entered the cabinet,
Your
Excellency. khi kua liang
kph
;
MM
times.
ku-a
Several ; many.
ku-& hue; ever so many
ku-a tng; several times.
171
ku-i kai ;
tfing ciii build summer houses and bal-

kph ;
quite a number of them, ku-ft nftng a good ;
conies. 15i kph chau chut siang ju the ; many persons.

cabinet ministers copy the imperial edicts. l\i-
k&i choi"-kira cSng chut kph a bQe ? Has your
ku 160 A
fault ; a crime ; a failure in
432 6 duty; a dereliction; sin, guilt,
daughter yet issued from the inner apart- bo ku innocent, bp ku sin lui compromised
ments ? Is she yet married ? hlu kph ; a look- ; ;
out a balcony ; a summer house.

when guiltless. suah bp ku killed the
clip ;
;
innocent, i to b6 ku a he is not at fault.
;
m kph
427
body covered by the arm.
130
G
The armpit.
kph-thang-e the part of the
nio i kSi kph-e;
;
ku
414
179 Scallions or chives.
kn-chai ;
chives, ku-chai
hugged under hi.s arm. chah i ktii kph-e; thng broth made with
; scallions.
support him by lifting at his armpit.

kii 142 The 18th diagram ;
a slow
koh 64 To hinder, to obstruct. 434
poison; to harass with doubts.
17
426 14 kph-cQ ;
to impede, to put a ua pok tieh kdi khue si kiikhne; I cast and
stop to. tam-kph ; to delay, to put difficulties threw the eighteenth diagram, referring to
in the way. mai" tam-kph khah kii ; do not kang pe cu ku ; follow a father's
occupation.
procrastinate too long. calling. cf ie° ieh hd ti kii tak ; this medi-
— ku — cine is an antidote for slow poison. i si 1<5
kii-hok ntlng sim ; he is disquieting people's

ku 218 The tortoise and terrapin ; minds.
481 some kinds of beetles,
ku pue ; arched over like a terrapin's back, ku 30 Great felicity or prosperity ;
l&ikhu pok kai ku khiie let us go and divine ; I5v 352 11 propitious,
by means of the markings on a tortoise shell, tl-tiang id thak kti— su ? Who is reading the
ku-khak h(5 pok khue the shell of the tortoise ; invocation ?
may be used in divination, eng cp ku-pang lo
cu im, cu p6 n&ng sin-teng kai im hun ; make /t kii 4 Enduring; lasting ; to continue
use of the breastplate or plastron of the tortoise
to enrich the blood, and to strengthen the
/X 413 2 a long time,
chiang-kii kai su; a protracted affair. kii-kii
body, kim ku hai mia°; the tortoise that laid lai cp come in often and sit awhile, hph ku ;
;
golden nuggets cost his owner his life, hang- a long while. mki" khah kii do not be too ;
ku tui heng ; the starry ray beating its breast; long about it. boi u jieh kii lie ? How long
unavailing regrets. kim ku thut khak an ; ago did you buy it ? lai jieh ua kii, hwn-iio
empty boi ce hang-ku-jie
tortoise shell. lai ill cai ; ago, and still did
came ever so long
l&i ciah cu im ; buy a little dried skate skin to not know it. ci ie" sek ni nSi kii ; this color
take as a strengthening medicine. hang-ku is not a durable one. ni Ing gueh kii, khua°-
phi": the snout of the skate, ciii ku; the water khua" sio-sih it gradually diminishes in size
;
beetle, chiah bi ku ; the box turtle, ku ciia ;

all the time, cieh kia" kii 6i kng-kut; the roll-
reptiles. ku cua kau-hue ; creeping things ing stone becomes smooth, tang u cek jit ku ;
affiliate with each other. ku leng hph sng ;
waited a whole day. tng-tng kii-kii ; forever,
very long lived. kii piet ho ; long parted. cie"-si kii ui ; we
have not met lately, ku ngmng toa mia"; have kix 181 To look after ; to attend to ;
long re.'^pectfd you. bo ua ku ;, not very long, ^ 435 12 to care for, to regard ; to
hiah kau sa° jit ku, mai" kbu tliSng i do ; consider ; to patronize.
not touch it for three days. kti pe" ISu ui CO su to tieh kii coi" ku Su ; in doing things
kua°; when one has long been sick he knows one must consider both what has preceded and
all about the doctors. ju kii ju keng
i the ; what will follow, cio-ku ; to bestow patronage
longer you know him the more you
will respect
upon; to get employment for; to consider the
him. huam su tieh oi sie" ku-ing; in every interests of. i ii kwn-ku i a b6 ? Is she
affair one must tliink of the ultimate results, considerate toward him ? th6i°-ku ; to look
khia-khi kii cii sek when you have lived long
; after; to attend to. ci'a
rang si cliin nang, na
in a place you become familiar with it. co cie li m
th6i"-ku i this is a relative, and how can
;
kti ? Why have you been so long about it ? we do other than show regard for him. siu
lu khu hie" kii, khu ti-ko ? Where have you biio siang ku ; the beginning and the end
been, that you have been gone so long ? cok- correspond, ham i tieh cai kwn-kii ;
tell him
cok u kai si-sin ku, h\vn m
hau" hiah ; has he must take heed. kii chu li sit pi, pi li ku
been at it for a full hour, and still will not stop. sit chu kang-kho cS,i ; if we regard this we
:
ku-kii to-ko ; is always there, eng ku cu cai ; lose that, and if we give heed to that we miss
after having used it for a long time you will this it is indeed
:
trying. i co-ni kii ka-ki, m
know. kau kii cia" cai; found itout after a toa" kii pat nang ; why does he not take care
long while. kii-kii thak
i7i
pat ;
never learns of himself, as well as of other people. ci ku
anything by study. ni'n co-ni kii-kii td sng ; kih-kau pui, m kii sin-cie" ui cares only to ;
why are you all the time playing. lia thoi" i have fat cheeks, and is indifferent about what
ciah ill ku li I do not think she will live
;
he wears. Ifiu cii kii an old patron. h(5 cli;
long. jip khu cek toa kiia kii hwn hue chut ; kii ; a good customer, phai i td kwn-ku n^ng-
has been in there fully half a day and has not kheli ; depute him to attend to the visitors,
yet come out. cia si kii ni kai much ; this is a tieh cai kwn-ku t6, kwn-ku hun you must ;
thing that is to be used for many years, kii si attend to the setting forth of the tea, and of
Bie" ceng, kii o sie" khi, kii lip sie° kuu ; pro- the tobacco, -iii si-phi"; to look around on all
tracted study injures the vital force, much sides. iu ai" ku lai, iu ai" ku giia, cia tieh u
lying down is hurtful to the constitution, stand- boh oi kai cia" li tit kbu ; the internal and the
ing too long harms the sinews. kvi iia" hong external relationships have all to be considered
kam ho have a refreshing shower after a
;
in and he must be a very able person
this,
long drought. kii ho hi sin ce°; after a long who can manage it all. kii chit peh gua phi";
rain one rejoices in a clear sky. ku bun toa looking after a thousand things. mih-mueh
mia"; have long heard about Your Excellency, kii kau
ciap-ciap coi takes perfect care of ;
su ku ki" nang sim ; when a business is long everything. khiin-kia" kvi ci, khiin-kia" kii
protracted, the true characters of people are hu, kii li m
have so many things to attend
;
revealed by it. to that T cannot look after them all. kii kau
kua" juah kau, ku kau juah lai li kua"
lai li
kii 154 A shopman; a resident or sct- kau by the time the work of the cold weather
;
F^ 434 6 tied trader, as distinguished is attended to, summer has come, and
by the
from a travelling one. time the summer's work is looked after, it is
kia" siang, co kii ; travelling traders, and cold weather again. cie"-se° da si kii tieh i ;
i to m ku
resident dealers. su long kong kii literary ; in so doing I show regard for him.
men, agriculturalists, artisans and mei'chants. miig huang; he does not regard the credit of
the hou.se and family. i
siang-teng kii ke ;
ku To cauterize to raise blisters
86 ; he has great regard for his family. kii pe
413 by burning moxa or the dried
3 bo, kii bo kia", kii hia" ti to show considera- ;
tinder of the Artemisia on the skin. tion for parents, for wife and children, or for
i 6i cam ku he understands the use of the
; brethren. kii lien careful of his reputation,
;
lancet and of cautery. eng hiie lai kii cu ho ;

i ci hiie cu ku put
n thang kii pat nang;
hia, co
it will be well to cauterize it with fire. he has at present no leisure to look after him-
cang
hia"-mi" lai ku apply moxa and cauterize it.
; self, how should he have the time to look after
ku u kui cap cang cauterized several tens of
; other people. tieh kii png ci"; must take care
times. ku kai huap si eng hia"-j6ng lai ku ;
ofyour capital. tai-ke tieh sie cio-ku you ;
the method of cauterization is by burning moxa must all render assistance to each other, iu ai"
on the skin. ku thau kii kha must look to both ends of it.
;
270 DICTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALKCT.
A i7i-hd kii cip; do not be pertinacious. c5 kii-

>t^ ku 80 plirase; a sentence; a claasi-
mthonj; when perverse one is deaf to
Hv 440 2 fier of phrases; a line in verse. cip cO ;
reason, i kai khwn mih su to si kii-kii

tliak kau u ku u tan read with attention to ;
cip-cip ;
it is his nature to be very pertinacious about
the stops, i kfii ku tan h6; his periods are well
i kai much cii-kii cSi ; his wares
arranged. cek ku cek
thak hln-hln ; read kii everything.
it plainly, sentence by sentence. ci cek cak
are very durable. jii-ku jii-kii ; lasting; firm
and durable. kii-siu hu kai ti-hng
cu u kiii ku ? How many sentences are there in fortify ;
this verse ? tfam kii kau ko punctuate and that place.

;
divide into paragraphs. m seng kii ; not a kii 169 To close or stop securely
complete sentence. ai° kfti lii ta° ku lie ; ^nPl ;
$IEJ 435 8 to interfere and prevent,

wants to speak a word with you. ta." n6 kii
kii-kin mai" khut i cak-tong;
c^kai nAng,
cu ho speak very briefly. P«ng b6 pua" kii
;
hedge this man

and not allow him to aot.
up,
hu-ngan has not an unmeaning phrase in it.
;
ku-kin; to stop up the way; to restrain; to

i n6 n&ng cfi-lai b6 kii iio the two have not ;
as good men getting into office to ;
heretofore had words with each other. i t<5
CO h(5 81 kii ; ho is making verses. llam kii si eep, as one in banishment.

Erevent,
chut l&i recited a verse of poetry. c6k jit A

; kii 104 chronic, incurable com-
thfi.k b6 kiii kii
day.
reads but very few lines a
i cek kii cu si c6k ku
;
when he says a ; or palsy,

435 X plaint, such as leprcsy, gout.
thing he adheres to it. mai" ta" ke kii do ; kii si huang ; an incurable ailment.
not talk about it any more. chwn b6 ke ku ;
there is nothing more to be said. i ta" Qe bd /H ka 9 A collective adjective of
ku sit there is not a word of truth in what
; |^> 438 8 number, placed after the
he says. kii-ku to si ho ue every word of it ; noun, and denoting things or people ; all, the
is good, cfa si sa" kii si kai ci" phiiti" lAi kai ; whole at once.
;
this is merely something that I casually heard, bwri miieh kQ pi everything is ready. ; peh
and I do not vouch for its truth. Ie° kQ chwn everything is complete.
; ceng
si-chii ku ii ;
C6
ndng kQ t5 ; they are all there.
kii Thecauseorreasonof a thing;
they are to be found in every direction. SJ-
w.
sion
434)
the pretext.
5 what is purposed; the occa- kbiii-kit, si khiii k>i 6i se"; the four season
;
orange is produced in all the four seasons,
u kii there is a reason for b6 kii ; cause- ku si
nang-nang kQ cai ; everyone knows.
;
it.
bo wn bo kii it is wholly without

lessly, ; c6k le"; it is all the same. pi chu ku cheng-
cause. u sim-mih wn-kii ? What led to it ?
ngvvn both are willing. n5-chu ku hau°;both
;
kii-chu therefore for this reason. i lu si kii

; ;
assent, liang-ke ku hua°-hi; both are satisfied.
cie"-se'' co ; he did not do it intentionally.
n^ng ku si siang-sin kai all these
i
ci ciia" ;
b6 cu me" nang, phah nang reviles and

kii, ; are believers in it. mih mueh ku bd ;
people
beats people without any reason for it. ci'a there is nothing whatever. cek chiet ku ii ;
sng si sio kii kai su this is a trifling matter, ; have all of them, cf c§k png cu kai to-li lia kQ
bo sim-mih toa wu-kii this is no great matter, ;
pat ; I know all the doctrines in this book.
si se-su kai sbi ku; is but a slight pretext, ku
huam kai cu bo sia a willful offense is unpar- ; ku To stand in awe of; fearful.
61
donable, i si ui sira-raih su-kii lai ? What 440
18 kia°-ku afraid. sim si ;
was the occasion for his coming ? bo su b6 kii-pha" i is in great dread of him.
;
bo kia"
ku, ai" lai raih su ? What do you come for, if bo ku ; in no fear of. iii-ku, kiie sim over- ;
you have no occasion for coming ? lia mng si mastering awe.

ui lu cu ku cia° cie^-se"; it was on your account
that I did thus. -fcj^ lt\lrll ku-ku The turtle-dove, the wood-
/H^ -t^ 412 pigeon,
kii 31
; strengthened;
to Firm ;
fixed ku-ku the wood-dove is calling.
to kie
;
ku-
435impervious. 5 fortify ; ku u kie ce°, u si kie ho
SI si the turtle-dove ;
kii-tS,u si cie°-se"; it is
surely so. kien-kii c5i ; sometimes utters its note when it is going to
very stable. co kau kien-kien kii-kii make it ; clear, and sometimes when it is going to rain,
so that it will be very firm and substantial. ku-ku ku the calling of wood-doves.
;
kQ-kn
ciig kai m
kien la kii ; it is not at all firmly ciciah ce kie, hu ciah cu tue i kie ; among the
made. ci kii ue ho kien-kii i kai sim ; his wood-doves, when this one calls, that one
mind may be fortified by this remark. co su echoes the note.
very old. b6 sin c6 kfl ? If I have never

li
El kti 12
Utensils; implements ; prepai'-
440 ed
well arranged to furnish,
6
had new ones how can I have old ones ? ke-
'J^>^ ; ;
khi-ku ; a utensil a tool. kuu ku kiii ie" loi- ci" cie kQ the
price is
;
the same as before, cXa
;
follow the same old pattern,
kii ie"; eng-teng
mueli sang i ; carefully prepare a number of
presents to offer him. te-ku ; a set of tea- eng kau kii-ku it was dusty, with dust that
;
dishes, hun-ku the articles used in smoking made appear very old.
it cia si ngwn-kil kA,i
x\i lai m hd,
;
ki-ci; this is the old foundation.

opium. eng ku-co kai thiap khu chi'a" i a soi bo no kue cu kii it is not well dyed, and
min ? Should we write a formal note and go ;
will look old before it has been twice washed,

and invite him thereby, or not ? sai cSn herig
ku ; privately invent instruments of torture, cheng hii pua"-ku-Ioh kai sa"-kho ; wear a suit
thoi" CO ku bun; he regarded it as a mere form,
of halfworn clothes, pua" sin pua" ku; neither
ku pin nang; the one who gets out a warrant. new nor old. ku cii old master. kii cu ;
put iam peh hiie thak ; one does not tire of old
ku 134 The brothei's of one's mother books in reading them a hundred times. un
ku cu ; well conned books. boi tio ciah ku
_ _ 414 7 or wife,
bo ku mother's brother. chi ku wife's
cun ; sold an old boat, chia sin hai" kQ take ;
;
;
ku on credit in order to pay off an old score, khu

brother. toa ku,the eldest, ji kii,
sbi ;
next to the eldest, and the youngest of one's kau, thoi" tieh min ku-kii; went near enough to
mother's or wife's brothers, ua kai a ku my see his face, and saw it was a familiar one. m
maternal uncle; my wife's brother, a kti kia";
;
khah ku, khah kii m
cia" Ie"; not what is too
long kept, that which has been standing too

my wife's little brother. gua ku my wife's ;
father. ku seng my sister's grown up male ;

long, is not up to the mark, sin kii ; does not
children, a gu ku a constable of the infernal

show age. ku chii ; an old house.
regions, having a cow's head.
;
— kua —
ku 66 Out of use former old. .wfy kua 76 A ballad; a song; a rhapsody.
Wi 434 5 ku kau a former
ku kau he
;
; ;
associate. Rj/V 423 10 chie kua sing ballads. cSk

tio kua; a ballad. chie c§k chat kua; sing
;
i kio lia si an old acquaintance

is
one song, kua cheh a song-book, i kai kua
;
of mine. si ua kai ku nang it is an old ;

;
sia" chie lai hd tliia"; his song is well sung,

employe of mine. cia si lia kai ku-nang-sai ;
kha kua; play on the "bones" and recite
this is one of my old customers. ku hie";
ballads, chai te kua ballads sung by the tea
native village, from which one has been long ;
pickers. kua kliek ditties. cia bo kua bo

absent, ku kok fatherland ;
the old country, ;
kui tng ku hie"; returned to

;
khek ; this has no poetry about it.
his old home,
ku iu; an old friend. kua 77 To revert to ; terminate in ;
tl 480 14 to betake to; to be in.

ku 134 Old ;
worn out ;
defunct ;
of khwn kua i cek chin ;
the authority is in his
414 12 yore long kept, hands, mih k.ai kua i; everything goes
; fiii
cng
ku si ; olden times. m liam i ku jit kai ak ;
through his hands. ci" ngun Idng-cdng kua to
not call to mind his former sin. ku nt last ; i money is all in his hands, si phi" kai
ko; the
year. jeng ku; as aforetime. ]*eng ku si i to ciiiIdng-cdng kua loh hai the water from all ;
CO ; it was he who made them before, kii much, sides runs into the sea. to tieh kua cek nang li
relics. bdi kii hue buy second hand goods. ; cia" tia"; the management must be in the hands
boi kii i sell second hand clothing.
; to koi-lo of a single individual, then it will be firm.
p kii tang siah lai boi kai ;
hawk old brass and
pewter wares in the street in order to sell them,
^^^ kua 120 To pass by or through to ;
lia thdi"-ki" i
pai kai ku te-kvVn chin-chle" lu J\bC 404 7
go through,
kai I observed that he set out an ancient tea-
; lia kua tiie i ko khu I went along by his
;
pot, ranch like yours, kii thih-teng; old nails, house. kua tue i hie"-li coi" kue passed ;
lu cng kai ai° eng sin kai, a ai" cang kii e" sai, mih su to tieh
along in front of their village,
ku hia ? Are you going to use what is altoge- kua i kai chiu ; everything must go through
ther new, or are you going to use the old his hands. tieh tang kua chiu kai nang lai ;
timbers and old tiles ? ci kai sa" co-ni cheng must wait until those who have the matter in
bo kiii jit cii kii ? "Why is it that this gown is hand shall arrive, cia bo kua ; this is .some- i
worn out, since you have worn it but a few thing that he has nothing to do with, mih su
days ? lia thoi" i
cheng kia" hok-sek, ne ku- kua kau thau have gone through with all the
;
ku ne ; I see that she wears a garment that is different sorts of business.

272 DICTIONARY OF THK SWATOW DIALKCT.
kua 64 To suspend ;
to hang tip or kiia 85
kan-kiia; to be concerned in.
467 8 npon. 750
i kio ua bo kau-kiia ;
7 he has
kua pai a bue ? Is the bnletin board hung out nothing to do with me. lia kio i bo kau bd
yet ? lia tli6i"-ki° wn mng teng kua ko pai, b! kiia ;

1 am
in no way concerned in what affects
raong jit, ai° chut kah-tie" tlioi" chau ; I saw him. b6 kaa-kiia piia" ii not the least con- ;
a buletin hung out at tlje side door, announc- nection between them. i kio i u sim-mih
ing that on a certain day there would be a kau-kiia ? What are the relations between
grand review of troops, kiia mak-k\a°; weai-s them ? Bira-mih su to tieh kau-kiia tiii i chia
spectacles. ftm kua chio ca wears a string ;
kue ; everything must pass through his hands.
of official beads on the neck. sd-sl kua
t6 ie-lo-iba; had his key attached to his Mn kiia 169 Daring; an interval of time.
khf-thak kua tS tftng-thû t^ng had |f»J 381 4 jit-kiia; day time. me"-kiia;
girdle. ;
his tooth-pick hung on the lapel of his tunic, in the night. i ci kiia fi l&i mS ? Did be
kak koi-chi ciang teng kiia chai si (ii raih come awhile ago ?
su
out,
?
everywhere ?
Why is it that there are lanterns hung
and banners displayed in the streets
ning-klia teng kua chai-bfti
di-ape the space above the door with variegated
;
m 468
145 A short wide jacket with
8
kiia
sleeves,
be-kua; a riding jacket, kun ki kiin; a jacket
which opens at the side.
cloth. kua chfu-hwn wear bracelets. kiia ;
cheng phaa kiia;
kua chiu-cak wear wear a long robe and a short tunic, lu thoi' i
hi"-kau; wear ear-rings. ;
k&i ho kua si tl Ie"? What uniform do you think
a finger-ring. sin teng kiia kai khiara wear ;
it is that he wears ? si ng be-kiia confer a
a necklace with pendants. ie t^ng kua ki ;
kiara wear a sword at the belt.

;
kiia ki ie-tp; yellow robe, phfie b^-kiii a fur jacket, p Ii ;
th&h kua; got the inner garment outside.

wear a dagger. i sin teng kiia iS lau-Ia" h& ;
he wears an amulet. kua cie-pdi hang out ^"*

a sign board. kua m!a°; hang out one's sign,
;
AtL ?i -^ Î'^^f ft
day.
I 1061 2 forenoon, e-kiia
cle"-kiia ; ;
kua to chSe" k6 hung out against the wall, ;
afternoon. cie" pua" kiia; the middle of the
sang pdi" kua no kai kia"; two pictures hung forenoon. S piia" kiia ; the middle of the after-
one on either side. sin t^tig kua kai 8!-pie ;
noon, tdng k.â cek kiia; waited half a day.
wore a watch, be kiia kili hilm-long; the horse cS c§k kiia bd kii Qe ; sat half a day without
•wore a little roxind bell. kiia ko hun-pai t<S
kd a black board was hanging there. kiia
speaking.
;
kha-hwn wear ankle-rings.;

ki\a chfu-soh ; ^rt kiia 80 Together with ; altogether ;
wear a chain on the wrist, kua kha-llo, chfu- ^V* 254 "6
jointly.
khuu wear fetters on the feet and hands,
I
kOa sa° kfla hiu" ham sin ut ; slept with all his
kua fim-ui wear a collar. kiia jiin-ki
; wear ;
clothes on. klm ut went to bed
kua sa" loh ;
bangles. in his clothes. kQa ua co-pu khu go along ;
with me. kiia a-no"-kia° hue cp ce lai come ;
along with the children, kua i a-ce cp-pu lai

kiia 140 A cover ;
a lid.
came with his elder sister. kiia hu kai cp cek
;
307
iL ai" kham tia'-khkm kiia, a
10 e khieh kliu ; take it along with that. 1° ktla
kliara leng-sng kua ? Shall I cover it with bak c6 c6 kio i cieh ; borrow both his inkstone
the pan cover or the steamer cover ? ci kui and his ink. mai" kiia chi'u ka tieh ; do not
kai-au kiia khk tio khut the cover of this ; cut your fingers as well, cia kua hi'a ua long-
covered cup is broken. sie''-kua the lid of a
cong ai°; I want both this and that.
;
ta-po
trunk. io° khui sie^-kua khut i
phak ; lift kiia cu-nie cng kai t6 the ;
men and the women
the lid of the trunk, and let it sun. te-kwn are all at home.
ill kah kua the lid of the tea-pot does not fit.
m
;
te-k\Vn kiia io" khui, thdi" te hieh kau ni6 ; ktla 1 A copulative particle ; altoge-
raise the lid of the tea-pot, and see if enough 700 7 ther, and, also, even, with,
tea has been put in. te-bi-k\Vu ksii kiia ai" moreover.
phah oi him huang kai as to the cover of the ; khieh kiia ki tp lai ; brought even a knife along
tea canister, I want that made air-tight. ue too. pak kua chio kiin ; wore a court petticoat
kua klm io" khui, pflg kiin lio;
go and raise the as well. lah kiia sa'-kho lai brought also ;
cover of the rice pot, the rice is some clothes over her arm. siu kiia ke-si lah-
boiling over,
j"
ap kua the cover of an ink-stone box.
;
teng buah, cp c§ khu ; made ready her household
kiia a lamp-shade,
;
gear and sundries, to be taken away at the
DICTIONART OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT. 273
same time. kua min !a in soi does not wash ;

•tp kua" 75 A
staff; a post ; a shaft.
even his face. i kua lia to )7i-ui he does not ;
'T I 310 3 ui kua"; masts. ki kua';
fear even me. kua i a-pe to b6 tang i he ;
flag-staff. ci ki ki-kua" jieh kui"? high How
does not wait for his father even. kua me"- is this flag-staff ?
kua to CO works even in the night.
;
kiSa ci'a
co-ni 111 pat? Why do you not understand so
nP^^ kua" 75 A shaft ;
a bar ;
a beam a;
much as this even ? kua keng khui cih khu

broke his bow also in drawing it.
;
TT 310
pole. 9
ci"-kua"; the shaft of an arrow. chin kua";
— kua" — the bar of a steelyard. cp ki tie" kua"; make
a fishing-pole. teng ki toa kua" chin ; set the
kua° 12
7^
'•t^ 459 2
Equitable.
kua"-cia"; fair just, i raih
;
marks upon a large steelyard bar.
Ru kua°-cia" cJli he is very just in his dealings.

;
"&>^ kua" 5 Cured by drying, dried.
i"-keng chi'a" u kua"-tia" kai sin-su chut lai
thio-chiihave already asked honorable gentle-
-^Ld 311 10 phak cp kua"; dry them in
;
the sun. phu-tho kua"; raisins. c6 kua";
men to come and
settle the matter by arbitra-
dried dates, pia" kua"; biscuits.
tion. kua°-cia" kue hut more equitable than ;
Buddha himself, cie^-se" si kua"-kua° cia"-cia'' kua" 75 A coffin.

kai that is perfectly fair.
472kua°-bak; kua"-cha; a coffin,
8
;
kua" 40 An kua" kin a coffin and its contents. kua"-cha

*|—!•* officer of government; the ;
^1 472 6 magistrates ;
the authorities ; kham, kua"-cha toi, kua"-cha chie", kua-cha
rulers official sin ; the lid, the bottom, the sides, and the
; ; public.
kua" hii kua" \vn officials magistrates, cp
; ; ;
bulk of the coffin. kua"-cha than, kua-cha
kua" kai nang those in authority, kua" bue; ;
biie the head and the foot of a coffin.
; mong
an official match-maker. oh kua" ue learn ;
biie tieh kua"-cha than cu khau he began to ;
the mandarin dialect. i si to

cheng kua", in cry before he had touched the coffin, (too soon).
pi si tham kua"; he is a clean handed official, kua"-cha phue a pall. kua"-cha pang, kua"-
;
and it is not as if he were a covetous one. cha p6i"; slabs for making coffins. kua"-cha
kua" lo a government road a highway,
;
ci'a ;
i"; supports for a coffin to rest on. kua"-cha
lam si kua" iam ; this salt is salt that has pass- kng a bier.;
kua"-cha chii a house to shel- ;
ed through the hands of government officers. ter a coffin. kua"-cha pho a shop where ;
phah-kua"-si to enter npon a lawsuit ;

to ;
coffins are sold. kuu"-cli& phng an adz used ;
carry a case before the authorities, mueh-kia" in making coffins.

kui kua"; things confiscated. ii kai kua"-
thoi has dignity ; is stately. ii kai kua" ie";

kua" 156 To hasten ;
chase ; pursue.
;
is of dignified bearing. kua" 313 3 lia ca-ca ai" khi lai kiia" lo;
tie"; rulers,
bun kua", bii kua"; civil and military officers,
I shall rise very early and pursue my journey,
tea kua", soi kua"; one filling an important lu tiii ciii kp khu, ua kiia" tui h3,ng lo lai
lo
office, and one whose office is petty. cia" in khu; you follow the water course, and I will go
on by land. kiia" khue ce hurry up. lia ai"
kua"; the magistrate who holds the seals of ;
office. c5 cap kua"; subordinate officers. kua" kau kau, cia" lai hiah I will press on to ;
kui pin kua" ? Of what grade is he ? i kai myjourney's end and then stop, i khu jieh kli
kua" che" hien ; he will soon be in office. cia ne, m cai kua" i tit tieh, a kiia" tieh he has m ;
kua" been gone some time, I do not know whether

si ; trusting to official influence.
we can overtake him or not. kiia" kin khu cp;
tal kua" 130 The liver. went and did it in the utmost haste. kiia"
fj I 310
kua" hue seng; inflamraalion
8 me-"me" hwn-lio kiia" hii m
hurried on, but ;
still failed to reach there in time. tieh kiia"

of the liver. tng kua" chun lih (grieved so ;
that) the liver and intestines are splintered. sok ce cia" kiia" tit kip must hasten some-;
i sieh ju sim-kua"; dear to him as his life. i what, and then we shall be in time. kiia" ci
kai sim-kua" in-hp he has a bad disposition. ;
hue ktxi lau-ciii ; take advantage of the tide,
Bim-kua"-thau liang-liang; his chest is cool. ai" kiia" khu hu chi kai; will hasten on to
cia, si kua°-ta" kai tie ; these are his real senti- be in time for the market. tieh kiia" kau
ments, kua" bak khak pi tho; the woody liver c5m cia" u ho ciah ; must go on till we reach
neutralizes the earthy stomach, (therefore I the post station then we shall have something
have no appetite). koi kua" sua"; desiccated to eat. kiia" ca, khi lai Ii su; get up early and
hens' livers, attend to business. ju kua" ah cek ie"; liko
driven ducks. kua* chut khii; drove

k&i i
[^ kiia" 104 Remittent or intermittent
him out. klmt i kua' tie
in-Ai sim-rnih su
638 9 fever febrile complaints
chut lai ? On what accouut was he expelled ? ; ;
ague.
ti kua" ksii
pe"; has fever and ague. kiam
kiia" 156 To avail of to improve. ;
kua"; chills, with but little or no fever. keh
21 5 kiia" ci kai si-hau; improve
jit kiia"; a chill every other day. sa" jit kua";
tliis leisure time. ktia" ci hue kai ki-huo ;
a chill once in three days.
embrace this opportunity. kiia" ci kai si cfl
i
kia'-jit tiii kiia"
CO tit hd take advantage oi this circumstance pai ; this is his day to have a chill, u c6k khi
;
sa" jit pai kai kua"; there is one sort of fever
to complete the thing. kiia" tieh ci h\ie u
which comes on once in three days.
huang lai khui ciiu ; take advantage of the
wind that is now blowing and start the boat, kSa* 64 To pull upward, to lift by
kua" sng, kua" chie took the opportunity when
; 882 4 pulling.
others were joking. cSu-huo kua" tieh i kai pi"; happily
caught him
75 by his queue and dragged him upward, tiii i
J kiia" Really ; truly ; indeed ;
re-
kai pi" cQ kaa" khi lai;
489 4 liable ; determined. pulled him out by the
queue. mai" kua" khah lip biie, iii î"
kua"-iien si cio"-se°; it is
really so. lu ju-kiia" phia
ai" lai thoa-cah lai ; if you should be coming,
li chiu; do not take hold too near the end in
lifting it, lest it slip out of your hand. n6
bring it along with you. i kai
nang cp su fl ciah chiu sie-hu kQa"; drag it
kiia"-twn he acts with decision.
;
i sIm si up with both
hands. mSng kQa" khi lai hu-toi u miia°.hA
kua"-ka"; he is very daring. kua".ciii lid ;
;
kiia" si cfa nang; indeed it is he.

wheu the not was hauled up there was an eel
truly good,
in it. kQa" t5a l&k; haul it up with force.
jiak-kua" si cJe"-se" ua li lu suppose it should ;
be thus, I shall not do it. i cp su

cng k&i i7i kQa" 64 To carry with the hand at
kua"-kwt; he acts without decision, i mih su
179 10 one's side.
cu kua°.kwt ; he has his mind made up before
he does things. si ai", si i7i-ai", kiia'-kiia* kua"-chl-na; carry a market basket. kQa" ciii-
kwt-kwt; whether you want it, or whether thang ; carry a water-bucket. kua" ciii ; to
carry water in a bailed bucket by one's side.
you don't want it, be decided about it.
kua" 40 friendless
kQa" 61 To carry in the womb.
Solitary ; ; alone;
467 11 little moderate,
243 16 kua" Q a-no" to-kp; is with
;
child. ci ciah ngio kua"-kQi'' t5-kp ; this cat
slu-kua" htl-jin ; a widow. i t<5
siu-kiia"; she
is
is a widow. ka cu sin-se", si'u-kua" ta-ke ; pregnant.
a school teacher has a lot like that of an old
vlll kua" 85 Sweat ; perspiration.
widower, kiia" put tek ceng; one cannot stand
1 I 165 3 se" kiia"; to perspire. laa
alone against many. ko-ji, kua°-hu; orphan
kua"; to sweat freely, hwt kua"; produces per-
and widow. i khi-hil i ko-lo kua"-buu he
spiration, hwt kua" ieh; a sudoritic. pio kua";
;
imposes upon him because he is solitary and of to sweat visibly. chut chin kua"; lau chin
little experience.
kua"; has cold sweats. Iû kau cek sin kQa";
kua" 40 Wintry cold shivering. perspired at every pore. thoih kia"; absorbs
; ;
163 thi"-si kua"-chin; the weather

sweat, cheng kai sa" to cu kua"; wear a jacket
9
to absorb the perspiration. pia" kau cek sin
is very cold, kha kua"-tung the feet chilled, ;
ca me" ii nang kua" si khu; some one was frozen kua"; worked so hard as to be wet with per-
to death last night. spiration. tSu kiia"; night-sweats. cu kua";
cia" gueh kua" sf gu, ji
gueh kua" si be, sa" gueh kua" si le-ke ce the ;
sweating, without exertion. bo kiia" cJii ;
first month was so cold it killed the cattle, the
inactive. lu mai" bp kua" b6 kua" ne ; do not
second so cold it killed the horses, and the
be lazy about it. ci kai nang cp su cin bp
third so cold it froze Miss Lake herself, kua"; this persons does things very moderately.
pak
kiia"; hwt kiia"; to have ague. sie°-huang tng
cp kua"; the cold taken has produced ague, u
— kuah —
kua" li jiiah ; has chills and fever; is cold and kuah 18 To cut out to chisel
^\\ ; ; to
hot. kiia" juah sa"-kh6
clothing for hot and
cold weather, mai" khut i kua" tieh, tieh cai
; Û
kuah
430 6 carve.
in ; engrave a seal. kuah cp cie-pai ;
cheng must put on plenty

; of clothing, and not engrave a sign board. kuah cp hue-cio ;
get chilled. engrave in representation of natural scenery.

PICTIONAIIY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 275
kuah CO nang-kia"; carve representations of — kuai —

human figures. i 6i kuah lam-hut lie knows ;
knai 4 Perverse ; sulky ; cunning ;
kuah co pe" toi kia [rj
how to carve olive pits. 470
ki" kai carve a flat center and raised border,
J" 7 crafty.
i kai
nang kuai-kha cJli ; he is very wily, soi-
;
kuah kang a wood-carver.

;
soi cu kuai-knai kha-kha; though very young
he is very artful. ci kai a-no''-kia" khah
kuah 140 An edible creeper ;
rela-
428 9 tives. kuai-ciang ;
this child is too intractable. ua
huu-kuah sweet potatoes. hun-kuah hiin th6i"-tieh khah kuai ; he appears to me to be
; ;
hun-kuah 1°; pellets made from too cross grained. i

pi pat nang leng-ua"
pototo flour.
kuai ; he is more difficult to get along with
potato flour, pu hun-kuah tling make potato ;
than other people. sim si kuai-khio ; is very
Boup. lak-gueh hun-kuah sang si in the ;
sixth month the sweet potatoes ai'e extremely cunning.

mealy. hip sek hun-kuah cook potatoes in a ;
kuai 195 A of of
species sunfish,
closely covered dish with little water. cii
482 which it is said that " it
11
W}JU
chph hun-kaah hieh lai ciah ; boil some sweet can inflate its belly and float it has no gills
potato leaves to eat. kuah-po ; a coarse sleazy
;
or gall-bladder, and when it hits against any-

cloth, kio i sim-mih kue-kuah ? Is there any
hun-kuah tin ; thing it makes a noise."
relationship between them ? kuai hu; the sunfish.
sweet potato vines. hun-kuah thfiu ho khut kuaipo; dried sunfish.
tu ciah the parings of the potatoes may be
;
given to the pigs. hun-kuah phue mai" peh

cek koi"; do not scatter the potato peel all
around. hun-kuah nek the fleshy part of ;
m
sang
kiiai
470
kiiai ;
75
5
go on crutches.
A staff for old
kuai-ciang ;
a cane.
ku
men.
phah
kiiai-ciang ;
leans on a crutch. kuai-thui ; a staff. chut

the tuber.
jip tieh ku kiiai-thui ; wherever she goes has
kuah 18 To cut to gash to divide ;
; ;
to lean on a staff.
428
10 to deduct ; to take off to ;
cede ; to turn a debt over to a creditor, kiiai 157 Halt, lame, crippled.
kuah tic ; cut off. kuah m
iSg can't cut it in ;
703 6 kiiai-kha; lame of leg. kuai-
two. kuah CO no kueh; cut it in two. sio-bak kha both feet and hands,
kiiai chiu; crippled in
kuah clieng-cho; the accounts have been settled kia" khu kiiai-a-kuai walks very lamely;
limps
;
as he goes. kiiai-kha hue, che°-me° hiie ; the

by a transfer of bills, kuah sio, kuah tit lio ; to
take off from one account, and transfer to halt and the blind.
another till one is settled. i kuah to
mong kuai C4 To deceive to swindle to
nang ko hai° lia ngo-cap ngun ; he turned ; ;
over to me a portion of a certain person's debt 470 decoy; to entrap,

5
to him, and by so doing paid me fifty dollars. kuai-phien nang to swindle people.;
kiiai-to
i kuah cek tio sio he turned over an account
;
nang kai cu-nie seduce other men's wives,
;
io me. ko nang lai kuah tiu hire people to a-no^-kia" khufc i kiiai-phien khu boi ; children
;
nin kai tiu ho kuah a hue ? Is were decoyed away and sold by him. kang
reap grain.
kuah khu u sia" a kuai tftu to kai cue-huara the crime of kidnap-
your grain ready to cut ? ;
bo ? Did the harvest yield above the average ? ping, kiiai boi tu-kia"; entrap and sell coolies.
kuah tieh chi'u; have cut my hand, phi" chau-

chau, m cia" kuah tio one does not cut off his To blame to find fault with ;
kiiai 61
; >|»5^ ;
nose for smelling a stink. khut cdi kuah tio [ •- 470 5 to deem strange ; strange ;
;
worn away by water, kuah-sia m khui could ;

marvellous ; portentous ; supernatural,
kiiai-i ka,i su; a very surprising thing. sira si
not sever. cang sua" kuah kue use a thread ;
to cut cake. khi-kiiai it is exceedingly queer. i kai

; nang
ie° se" lai khi-khi kuai-kuai he has a very ;
kuah 85 Thirst to thirst after.

;
wierd appearance, kiiai mueh an apparition ; ;
430 9 au ta soh kuah my throat ;

a monster. io-cia", kiii-kiiai elves and ;
is parched. mo"* biie ci kuah ; looking at the spooks. kii ni cu seng co cia°-kuai ; after a
plums to quench his thirst. khau kuah ; lapse of many years, becomes a goblin. i cp.
thirsty. to li kliun, an li kuah both ;

ni tin-to lai kiiai lu ? Why does he turn about
hungry and thirsty. koi kuah ; allays thirst. and blame you ? lu mai° kiiai ; do not deem
01 ie° ieh 6i ci kuah ; this medicine alleviates it
surprising. lia bo kiiai lu I do not find ;
thirst. fault with you therefor. i kiiai i bo

pat su,
kiiai kie si i rn thia* i kî ue ; she does not — knang —

find fault with him
for anything else, but
blames liira simply for not heeding what she
^ kuang
~ \l
|
10 Honor ; glory eclat ; lus-
;
kiiai put tit i hku°; it is not sur- m ylU 478 4 ter ; light; bare; smooth,
says.
u kuang-chai has great brilliancy. jit kai
prising that he is unwilling. kuai tSng k&i ;
BU ; it passes belief ; it is incredibly strange. kuang 6i sia m&k ; the brilliancy of the sun
dazzles the eyes. i me"-kiia oi huu-kuang it
b6 kuai i cio"-se° c6 I do not blame him for
;
;
corruscates in the night.

doing 80. mok kiiai i cie'-se"; it is no fault ti-hng kuang-ke'ng
lid cfii ; the outlook from the
of his that ho is thus. place is very fine,
ngan coi" kai kuang-keng cfii-se" ? What are
A^
IB
kuai
485
9
13
One who
keep up or
acts as broker
settle the price
; to the immediate prospects ? ciara lu kai kuang ;
get the benefit of your light. Q thang ho
of goods. khut nA.ng ciam kuang eg cia" h<$ ; it is well if
chi kiiai ; one who studies the markets, and you have anything wherewith to benefit others,
acts as agent in sales ; a bull or a bear in the khut i ciah kau ceng kuang, ro&u" kuang all ;
stock market. ci pang chi-kiiai hiie, sim pi eaten up clean by him. i hI Ifiu
kuang-kim ;
nftng to m
t&ng ; these stock brokers have not he is a swindler, i si cang c6k tfing phue, tie"
liearts like other people. t<5 c6
kuang-kiin png; he makes use of a layer
of fur, in order to ap]>ear to be something
2^^3 kuai 120 To paint ;
to draw ;
to limn.
which he is not.
Wb 2G5 cck pak sie"; paint a por-
18 kiiai
kuang-mfing cia'-tSi open
and above board, kuang-im sfi ci", jit gfieh jik
;
trait, kiiai tl-t6; draw a map. kiiai t6; to draw

so; time flies like an arrow, and the days and
a plan, kiiai tie" sua" t6 ; sketch a landscape. months like shuttles. khut lia cia knang eg
— kiiai" — grant the luster of your presence at my table,
;
kiiai" 112 The ore of metals ;

a bed kuang c6, lo cong; renders his ancestors illust-
rious and his clan glorious. Song-kuang
463 16 or vein of ore. ;
thill kuai", in kiiai", ngAu kiiai"; iron, lead and honor, glory.
silver ore. liu kiiai" kai n&ng ; miners, miii"
jit eng hoh coi nftng 1(5 khui kiiai"; they daily
employ a great many men in digging out the
ore. hfa kiiai" Kii khang, khang u sim-mih
sia" cang ? When that ore is smelted, what
M
lu inai
kuang
kuang lia; do not deceive me.

149
i si ai"
khu boi, lii lu hd thia" i he wants

lu
To befool ;
to mislead ; to
kuang ;
pi'oportion of pure metal is there in it ?

to delude you into going off where he can sell
kiiai" 75 Fruit. you, do not you listen to him. lu mai" khut
489 4 che"-kuai"; fresh fruit. Q n&ng kuang khu do not let people mislead ;
has freshly gathered fruit, you by delusive promises. i kS.i uo to si

phin kiiai"; che'-
kuai" rTi-h(5 to ciah ; one must not eat freely of kuang-kuang phien; his talk is all very mislead-
fruit, che°-kuai° si mashed I
ing. cia si to kuang a-no"-kia" hiie kiu this ;

unripe ; pickled
olives. peh kiiai"; all sorts of fruits.
is to fool children with, i id
kuang iii hio hiie
— kuak — k&i he deceives the ignorant.
;
b6 kuang i
nftng kai ci**, bo kuang nang kai nguu: lu ai" li

^1^ kuak 163 The second
wall, enclosing sin i, m li hiah ;
he does not fool people out of
'^l-* 492 the gate of a large city,
8 their trust hira if you choose to, if not
money :
sia" kuak the outer defenses of the city gates,

; let it alone. i si to kuang-lau nang he is ;
hi" kai lun-kuak ngia; the rim of the ear is lia si lu k&i I was
swindling people. kuang ;
well shaped.
hoaxing you.
•T rt kuak 75 The outer coffin ;
the case
T"^ 492 8 which encloses the coffin,
kiiang 53 Extensive; wide; broad;
ii kna" bo kuak has a coffin but no case.
; ISi
, 478
12 enlarged.
kua", gua kuak the inner and outer coffins.
kiiang kia" si ci distribute alms widely, i I'o
;
kuak 80 To gulp down ;

to swallow. kiiang kau ; he has a more extensive acquaint-
1090
6 khieh khi lai li-li kuak loh ance, lai khu kiiang kien-sek ce let us ;
khu ; up and gulped it down without

took it enlarge our sphere of observation, lu I'o kiiang
pause. au ta cfii, khu kuak no chui chin ciii ; kion; you have had a wider experience, li'ang
was very thirsty, and went and drank two swal- kiiang cong-tok viceroy over the two Pro-;
lows of cold water, kuak m loh; can'tswallow it. vinces of Canton and Kwangsi.
DICTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 277
^B kuang 85 To Bport out ;

to gush kiie 75
T
The fruit of trees ; seeds with
a covering and pulp; results;
/@ r>82 9 tlirough.
effects.
489
cui kuang chut lui the water keeps ppnrt-
li-li ;
iug through. kuang tui khaiig chut kai lfi.i ;

i hng lai peh le" kiie-ci to u ; there was every
in to sort of fruit tree in the garden. kiie-cf tng
what spurts out through the aperture.
hii-ko kuang chut lai the steam gushes out ;
sek kai si-hau ; when the fruit is ripe. a,u-l§,i
there! toi kuang; the dike has sprung aleak, kui-seng cia" kiie ; afterward the fruit comes
to perfection. che" kue ; fresh fruit. che"
hueh li-li kuang chut lai the hlood gushed ;
kiie pho ; a fruit shop. ci ie" chin 6i kit kiie-

forth continuall}'.
ci a boi ? Does this sort of tree bear fruit ?
— kue — •
kiie-cf kit m
sSng ; the fruit does not come to
perfection. S,u-lai sim-mih kak-kue ;
what
|tT kue 97 A generic term for ciacurbi- will be the consequences hereafter ? se° kiie-
/W^ 466 taceous plants, such as the ci ; bear fruit. cek hu ngo kiie tih ;
a set of
cucumbei*, melon and squash, fruit dishes, kin nl kak chii kui kiie-ci se° lai
tiokue cucumbers. si kue water-melons, ; kau fruit is plenty everywhere this year,
; ;
tang kue squashes. ;

bak kue the papaya, ; i sim siang-sxn in kue kai su she is one who ;
hun kue a small yellow squash.

;
kho kue; believes very firmly in the doctrine that con-
the bitter gourd. se" lai tang-kue-min tang- duct in a previous life produces results in this.
kue-min ne has a long oval face, kim kue a
;
;
gilded wooden bludgeon, with a

head like a _ kiie 140 To bolster up ;
to use as a
melon. kua sang bak-kue-liam kai hi"-kau ; .
,»Q 973 14 cushion,
wore a pair of ear-rings, with conical drops and khieh kp mueh lui kiie get something and put ;
long hooks. khoi-kue ci sweet melon seeds, ;

under it to raise it. bp kp tien lai kue, cp
tang-kue jin squash seeds. tang-kue cheh
; ; tieh ngan-ngan have no cushion to put under
;
lu kio i u sim-mih kue- me, and it is very cold to sit upon. pun e-
preserved squash.
kuah pWhat is your relationship to him ? he jit kia"-sun-hue hd kue kha chiu for his ;
kue a small hairy cucumber.

;
tek-kue ho co descendants to avail themselves of hereafter as
cie°-kue young cucumbers are made into
;
a help to attain a higher position. cang nng-
pickles. nng kai mueh lai kiie get something very soft ;
and put under it.
u kue
490
119
^
ci kai coih nin ceng fi jieh coi kiie ? How many
cakes did you make for this festival ? lin cp no
Steamed cakes, made from
rice flour, ^P\
lH^^-
pass ;
kue
490
162
9
time to transgress to vio-
to spend, as
To pass by to go beyond or
up to to exceed to over-
;
;
;
late propriety ; an error, a fault ; a sign of

sa" tau bi kiie we made two or three pecks of
past time, or of the perfect tense an adverb
;
;
rice into cakes. hia" kiie heat up the cakes,

then, more ; too, rather, exces-
;
of comparison ;
in kiie mould the cakes. chue tiam kue to

; ;
sive to approach ; to send to.
steam sweet cakes, nak kiie tieh nuk cau-cau;
;
in mixing the cakes with the hands, you must

kh^g-koi i tieh cai koi khe ; exhort him to re-
form, i
i"-keng kiie si lio he has already de- ;
mix them thoroughly. io" khi leng-s-iig cu si

parted this life, tang tiang-si kite sin ? When
kue lift up the steamer and there is the cake,
;
did he die ? i kiie-kliu kii h'o; he passed away
op choh kiie-cap lai tiam-sim make some
long since, i kiie khu a hue? Has he passed by
;
porridge from a piece of cake, to lunch npon. yet ? ii tiii ci-kp kiie a bp ? Did they pass by
cek sng kue one whole steamed cake ; one
;
here ? mih nang to tui ci-kp keng kue every ;
steamerful of the cake. nang lai he cek kie lia kia° tiii nin pho kha
body goes by here.
kiie, ho khu coih cp cek hue cek hue lio lai kiie walked past your shop, hu kp eng kiie
I
;
luah some one has brought and presented us
;
kie a min ? Need we cross a bridge there ?
an oblong section of cake, cut it into slices tieh kiie cek teng kie, kah no teng to, lio piia"
transversely and fry them brown. kiie a";
kue sua" cii to kp you must cross one bridge
;
the stuffing in a steamed cake. ka" kue thp ;

and two ferries, then traverse the mountain
round raised cakes. and you will be there, put kiie nothing more ;
than. put kiie no sa" kai 1ia''-tia''; only two

kiie 184 Cakes made from wbeaten or three. i thia" tieh kiie khii he could m ;
490 8 flour ;
biscuits, not endure hearing it. kiie-sit a peccadillo ; ;
te kiie ;
tea biscuits, thug kiie ; sweet cakes. a fault, cek kia° toa kue-sit; a great blunder.
278 DICTIONABT OP TflE 8WAT0W DIAtECT.
c^k ta toa kue sua"; a heap bigger tlian a hue-pe b(5 phah kiie put out the torch by
;
mountain. kai kbang cliirn kiie hai ; a hole knocking it. km hiie k\u kau ta" cia" kiie ;
deeper than the sea. se" 13,i ngfa kiie kiii is ; they have been striving to extinguish the fire,
handsomer than an irap. i kai 6i kue kiii ; and have only just now succeeded, kiu kbu
his abilities are surpassing. cie"-se° khah kue kie a biie ? Have they yet got the fire extin-
eie, hie"-se° khah kue coi ;
this is too little, guished ? cang cui lam kiie ; dash on water
and that is over much, i 6i cai kue-khu, bQe- to quench the fire.
l&i kai su; he can discover what has passed and
what has not yet happened, kiie bun oflScious; ;
kiie 190 A false coiffure, made of
to exceed one's functions, lii iIi lid kue hun; do 338 7 cloth and metal, worn by
not meddle in what does not pertain to your women of middle age.
office. ueb kiie bun set a mark beyond the
; phah cek kai kim kiie make a gilded coiffure,
;
crease, b6 khut niing ueb kiie, ia bo (ieh kue

ia i ti cSk kfii
ngua kiie liu kim tak-tak-chiah; she
iiang kai neither give nor take more than is
;
wears a silver coiffure, washed with gold till
due. hu-ko via pat kbu kue lai; I have been it gleams, i kai kiie
pak lio, kbng loh kiie up;
there, ua pat thoi" kiie ku-a chu; I have seen having taken off her coiffure she put it in its
it several times, cia cu lia ihSik kue kai this ;
box. th&u-m6"sia hd ti kiii kiie 16h khu hav- ;
book is one that I have read. thia" kiie m jii ing combed her hair, she put on her head-dress.
thoi" kiio, thoi" kue m ju co kue ; to have
beard about a thing is not so good as to have kiie To make a circuit; to go
162
seen it, and to have seen it is not so good as
>î
^Jl® 689 around the whole,
9 ;
to have made it. i li thai kue, i li khah ua i".keng thak cek kiie; I have already read
put
kip the one is excessive, and the other is im-
; it through once. kia" kiie sa" b\ kiie ; have
practicable, ci kui kio° kue hii kai this is ; been over the whole ground three or four
superior to that, ua cung tau kue i toa r.ang ; times. thak bo kiii kiie cQ pat by reading it ;
I have informed his superior. ci kfii toa kiie

through only a few times he knows it.
hd kai ; this is larger tiian that. kui" kiie i ;
taller than he. i sieh lu coi kite lu sich i ; he | ktle 140 Large leaved plants.
loves you more than you love him. to kiie ciii
\
487 "9" kQe-hieh; palm leaves, kue-
b6 bun ; a knife drawn across water leaves no palm leaf fans.
mark. i si cau kiie si
liang kai nang ; he is
one who has been everywhere. ai" lau i na ci kAe To be in the way; to be an im-
120
ko kue me", i m
wanted him to stay here all
; 652 pediment to stumble upon,
6 ;
night but he would not. kiie ke no jit cu si kha kue tieh cu puab loh kbu; if one stumbles
kiie ni after two days more, we pass from one mai" pang ko
;
against it, he will fall down.
year to the next. miig i iii" tng kbu chii kiie kue kha, kue chiu do not leave it there to be
;
coih me ask him if be is going home to spend

; in the way. khut i kue-cu to.k6 has been ;
the holidays. Q kiie is at fault. bo kiie kue loh kliu,

; ;
stopped by stumbling upon it.
has not erred, ci'a si i kai cue-kiie ; this is his td kau li-li stumbled and fell flat, khut to-lf
;
fault. bo cue bo kiie blameless. lia si cbi

; kue kin, boi tit khu cannot go because the
;
kue kS,i I have tried it.

; lang kiie i cie"-se"; rules of etiquette stand in the way. mai" kue
it is difficult to get over his acting thus, ex tieh 16 don't block up the way.
;
kia" su kiie i c3.i ; this far surpasses my expec-
tations. i°-keng kiie khi lio ; passing strange. — kue" —
Bia" kiie ku ;
infallible as fate.
kue" To close a door to shut.
169 ;
472 kue" mng shut the door,

11
^kH To extinguish to quench.
kiie 86 ;
;
khu kau, i kM mng kue" mi"-mi"; when I got
^ll> 804 10 \m kiie hue put out the fire
nang kue"
;
there his door was tightly closed.
by raking the ashes over it. pun kiie teng ;
blow out the lamp. cek pun huang chue kixe

hd the house is closed for the night.
;
kbu the candle has been blown out by the

wind.
;
ci ki ciia-ang-teng, toa ki,

— kneh —
cong pun
huang chue kiie, bwn-lio but oi toh ; this paper 18 To abrade ; to scrape.
kueh
torch is a large one, and although it should ^1] 469 6 kueh tio mo"; scrape off the
be blown out by the wind, it may still be set fuzz. kueh tio pbue scraped off the rind.
;
blazing by blowing it. lu bo tia" kiie teng; m kueh lio, cek teng cek teng chut lai scrape it, ;
do not put out the lamp by touching it. and then take it off layer by layer, kueh tio i
blCTlONARt OF TUB SWATOW DIALECT. 279
kki moll scrape off the thin skin,

cek tSiig o To return send
; kui 77 5
to go or
khi'u tieh kueh tio you milst scrape off the
; 480 14 back; to revert to the origin-
layer of scurf.
ci cek ueh kueh tio, leng-ua" al place or state; to betake one's self to, as for
chia"; erase this stroke by scraping, and then help or shelter ; to end ; to terminate; a refuge;
write it in correctly, kueh phua kliu ; scraped to divide by one figure.
so hard as to make a hole through it. kueh hieh loh kui kun the leaves fall back to the
;
tio tek che°; scrape off the green surface of the roots. i hua" nang Ifii kui lulng; they have
bamboo, kueh scrape it down thin.

poh-poh ; all returned to their allegiance. cia rii hd kai
kueh khu m kng ;
it is not scraped bare. kiu pang i ko you must not lay the blame
;
upon him. i-ku kui hai" i he gave back to ;
Jt\^"
"
kueh 24 A half ;
a large part of. him what he got at first, miieh-kia'' kui kua";
I
3 tok CO no kueh chop it in
651 ; the things are confiscated. kui tng khu png
two chun cek kueh to ko; have half
pieces. kok ; return to one's own country, kak n&ng
of it left. kia" cek kueh lo went half way. ; kak nang kui ke ; each has gone to his own
cek toa kueh the greater part of. pun i cek
; house, nang si cu tieh rae"-me" kui tho; when
toa kueh gave him the larger part.
;
men die they must quickly return to dust. i
kai chang kui i kai hia"-ti ; his land reverts to
— kuh — his brothers, i
pat kui tu kai huap; he knows
into the mouth, as
the rules of arithmetic. nang kai sim long-
kuh 30 To draw
cong kui i the hearts of all turn toward him.
,^^ 203 T smoke.
;
much kui ngvvn cii the article reverts to tho

kuh hun, kuh in inhale smoke or vapor, kuh ;
water, original owner. eng co poih kui kau tu, a si

cek chili ciii draw in a mouthful of
;
eng CO poih kau seng ? Will you do it by divi-
ki hun-tang lu kuh thoi" 6i thong a boi you ;
sion or by multiplication ? §.u-lai co-ni kui
draw upon the tobacco pipe and see whether kak ? What will be the upshot of the affair ?
the stem is stopped up or uot. ua kuh tieh
tang-kui spikenard.;
kui kun eventually ; ;
boi thong; I tried to draw the air through it in the end. khi m
kui ngwn ; could not
and found T could not. ci kai nang phi-nua
catch his breath. ci''-bo kui sin ; the capital
cSi, coug jit to si ut to kp
kuh hun ; this per-
returns to him.
son is very indolent, he lies down and smokes
all day loug. The crop of a fowl.
— kui — H^
/JZLI
kui
63
130
koi kui a hen's crop.
6 kui ;
pa-pa its crop is full.

;
thoi" ci ciah koi ii
kui 147 To rule by law ;
to line out ;
kwn kui kai a bo see whether this fowl has
;
482 4 to a regulation ;
__ regulate ;
had its crop stuffed with sand to make it
a by-law custom usage ; a fee ; a rate for koi-kui khu pun thit-tho
weigh heavier.
; ;
:
taking a farm. blow up a fowl's crop to make a toy of. kui

? What is the usage ?
eng sim-mih kui-kii
rji
io-io, hue ceng ciah kai ie"; its crop is flabby
pat kui-ku does not understand the rules of had not eaten.
;
as if it
ci ka,i nang kui-ku cai ; this person
etiquette,
is very well bred, co mih su to si kui-kui ku-
ku he does everything in a very proper way. x^^ kui 75 A loom; a machine with cora-
liii
;
ci-ko ii ci kai kui-li ; usage we have this 1)% 333 12 plicated parts. ^
kai hie° kui si cie^-se"; such are their cit p6 kai kui hu-ko pang cek tie"
a loom.
here. i ;
village customs, siu gueh kui ; siu mui° gueh p6-kuitpko; a loom had been placed there.
i to kui teng ke° p6 she was at the loom,
kai kui-ku ci"; receive the customary monthly ;
stipend. cia si tia° kui kai this is the fixed ;

weaving. thi° sa" kui a sewing machine. ;
pheiig-iu hue cang cheng-li

i-ate. kui-cia° i ;
friends admonished him, setting forth correct
cia sng si 15 kui these
^^ kui
481
169 The door which separates
the public rooms of a house
6
principles of action. ;
I^J
are illegal fees. from the private ones; the women's apartments;
unmarried girls feminine, ;
J^^ kui 72 A dial ;

to use a dial. kui nng a young lady, kui pang; the private
;
^r'T 484 8 jit kui ; khieh a sun-dial. apartments. m pat tab chut kui mng has ;
kai jit-kui lai kui thoi" si sim-mih si-hau take ; never stepped beyond the door of the ladies'
a sun-dial and thereby find out what time of apartments. chim kui-tie" irii ;
within a
day it is. lady's chamber.
kni 116 To peep a uioua.

iiruugu a,
tlirongh crack Or *£^^ kiii 75 A contrivance ;
the moving
,,^ 487 „
11 hole ;
to spy ; (o look fur-
i\ ^}% 333 12
power.
leh kui the motive power, as in a machine.
tively at.
;
kui-iliam ;
to pry ;
to go about looking into. i k&i
mftg Q kai ieh kui ; his door has a spring-
kui-si to peer at. lock, leh kdi ce tin-t5ng cQ li-kwn kia"; as
;
goon as the spring is in motion it moves on.

kni 52 An interrogation implying tie" k&i ieh-kiii invented a machine.
;
333 9 quantity; how much little ; ;
several kiii 149 Deceitful ;

to cheat.
nearly ;
.
ni'nkui ns'ing p.pu kliu cii (

; go you h6 all of 483 ~6~ kang-kiii ; crafty; fraudulent;
i mih su to si kang-kang kiii-kiii,
together, khu kau h^-ko kiii H lo ; it is a few cunning.
miles travel. kiii jit ia.i cek hfte come-s once ;
chwn b6 cin-sit; he is very tricky about every-
in every few days. keh kiii ni m cfing Ifti ; thing, and wholly untruthful.
has not come for several years past. lu kiii
kiii 40 Schemers villains.
hue How old are ci kfti a-no"-kia° \if^
W
;
y
i
?
kiii
?
kai giieh ? How many
you
months old is this 483 T is! td co sua" tho kiii ; he ia
a despoiler of graves.
child ? lu khu kiii tng ? How many times
did you go ? i ke kiii si ai" lui; he is coming
kui 75 The tree which produces cin-
after a while. ci khi u kiii le"? How many
484 ~6 namon and cassia, and similar
varieties are there in this species ? hun c6
trees.
kiii tcng; divided into several species. kiii
nfik-kiii phiie ;
cinnamon bark. n6k-kui iu ;
kii lie ; a few phrases. chiln Q kiii kp ; have
cinnamon oil. kui hue the Olea fragrans.
hi t6ng tieh kiii kun ? How
;
a few pieces left,
many were there when you weighed it?

catties 106 The last of the ten stems,
kiii
ka,i mng b6 kiii i\ie tSng; one is but a few ~4~ which belongs to the north
483
ounces in weight, hi î" kui chim Ing? How and to water. jim kiii si sok cui ; the ninth
many inches long do you want it ? i ai' hiah and tenth stems belong to water.
ke kiii me"; he is going to stay a few nights
longer. lai u kiii ui nfmg-kheh ; several kiii 89 The close of a peiiod or season.
guests have arrived, i hii lai kiii kai lia", kiii 339 6 kui chun si sa" gueh ;
tbe
sang tu, i to cai; he has a minute
acquaintance third month is the end of spring, kiii he ;
the
witli tiieir domestic arrangements. last month of summer.
kiii 194 The spirit of a dead man >^K* kni 154 Honorable, noble, exalted,
Mj
hall the
482
manes
before it is enshrined in the
that which the soul turns to
^^^ 484 5
and hence in a direct address used as an ap-
illustrious, dignified, good,
; ;
at death a ghost, a goblin, an apparition, a

;
pellative, you, your; dear, high priced, pre-
specter, a devil, a horrid repulsive object, a cious, valuable honor to give dignity to to
; ; ;
sordid wretch. esteem, to value.

i sith6i°-ki" kiii a he sees a ghost. si'o kiii ; ; pii
kiii rich and honored.
;
kui cua"; noble
a crazy man. kliut kiii mi" tieh ; possessed by and base ; patricians and plebeians ; yours and
a devil, thia^-ki" kiii to kliau ; heard demons mine. cnn-kiii kai nang honored men. kui ;
•wailing. kai su lung cai ; the affairs

kiii sin hii tl-ko ? Where is your mansion ? cun ke kui
of demons and angels are not to be known. i se"? What is your surname, honored Sir ? kui
si to ta" kiii ue he is whispering false words,
; ngo ; your family residence. nan kiii se'° u ci
wn kiii khi" cek toa tu ; an unavenged spirit cek ie° much a bo ? Is this sort of article found
raises a great troop who come to take vengeance, in your native province ? to ni'n kiii kok lai
ham i mai" kiii than kiii nau; tell him not to kau lin ci-ko jieh hng ? How far is it from your
go about sticking his head in here and there, country here ? kui kui" si sok ti cek hii ? To
kiii te" tieh a demon has grappled him.
;
kiii which department does your district belong?
liah iieh an imp has seized him.
5
kiii hue a ; cia kui-tong kai mueh-kia"; these are rare
si
•will-o-the-wisp. si un kui a si vVn kiii ? Is it a articles. nang kha m si kui-tong kiie mueh ?
satisfied or a dissatisfied spirit ? bo hd ke sin Are not human beings to be held in higher
thau gua kiii a bad family god gives infor-
; esteem than are things ? k.û ci-kp Q sim-mih
mation to outside demons. mo"-kui ; demons, kiiikang ? What business had you in coming
to kiang kiii an echo, to kiang kiii tiii nang
; here ? i kai siang-mau" si kiii siang ; he has
ta"; the echo responds. a physiognomy which promises future honor

DtCTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 281
for Liro. ci Ie° mueh sim kui ;

this article is i, i c6-ni hwn-li'o
m hû" hiah he has already ;
very dear. phi", hia I'o kui

ci'a I'o this is ;
been and acknowledged his sin and besought
cheaper, that is dearer, cie" jit khut ua boi lai forgiveness, so why is he yet unwilling to
khah kui ; I paid too high a price for it the forbear. ki"-tieh, kui kau tak-tak when he ;
other day. sin-se" ta" cia huang-cui mong saw him, he knelt down so that his legs from
Bi 6i chut kui ; the interpreter of the results the knee downward rested on the ground.
of geomaiitic influences, says that these will
at a certain time produce family agrandize- y-ffl»
kui 85 A
rout a defeat ; dispersed.
;
ment. kui thdi si cp-ni thio-hua ? What is m 1^^ 265 12

kui-pai
defeated, kui-sua";;
the ailraent which your Excellency has ? b(5 completely routed. kui-lvvn put to flight. ;
i" cu kui ; the mother is ennobled through her

kui 157 To
stumble, to slip.
son. sang se" kui cu ; twin sons, kiii khi kai 446
ci cek ui phah-cek-kiSi to miss one's
12
nang a person of rare excellence.
;
si ni'n kai kui chin this is a relative of yours.

;
footing, to stumble and nearly fall. cau li'o
ci ie° mueh u jieh kui ? What is the value of this phah-cek-kui Iph khu ran and tumbled down.
;
article ? kui boi li kiii boi ; what is bought — kiii" —

for a high price must sell for a high price. 61 Accustomed; used to; inured to.
kill"
476 11 eng tieh kui"-si"; he is notm
Jh(L kui 9Able to bear; to allow to be accustomed to the use of it. iang-p li'o lo
I jI 289 4 done to undergo, ;
kui"-si"; accustomed to indulgence. i
tang
kui i kliu ; let it go never mind let it pass,
; ; soi" ciah kui"; he was accustomed to eating it
kui hiia" n&ng kliu ji'ang, i tng-kue thia" rli kit"; before, cheng kui"; used to wearing it. ci-kp
underwent the hooting of the whole crowd, and khia-khi kui" lio, pat kp iii khia-khi m kiii";
acted as though he did not hear it at all. i
have lived here till I am habituated to the
ka-ki cai m
tieh, kui i liiam he himself knew ;
place and fear I should not feel at home else-
that he was in the wrong, and submitted to where, ta" i CO khu ne kui°-kui" ne ; he has
her reproof. kui i me", m ka" in ; took the now practised it till he is very familiar with
scolding and said nothing, to-ni rli tok-ceh i,
the way of doing it.
kui i khu 15ng-lang n6 ? Why do you not
reprimand him, instead of allowing him to be
so heedless ?
1^ kui" 189 High ;
tall.
I HI 324 kai ci-khi kui"; his aspira-

i
tions are high. ta" cu cie" kui" toa lio How !
kiii 157 To kneel ;

to bow down in much he has grown i sui si cie" kui" cie" toa
!
484 6 reverence. hv\n-lio si a-no"-kia" khi; although he is so

kui loll khu ;
to kneel down. pai kui kai loi-
large, he is still a child in his ways. cie°-si
Bio, nin kok u ci kai loi a bo ? In the
kiii kai ke kui"; the present price is high. ci ie"
honorable kingdom to which you belong, is the kai ke lo kAi"; this sort is of still higher price,
ceremony of kneeling in obeisance practiced ? u i'o kui" kai a bo ? Have you any taller ones ?
lin kp bp pai kui kai loi-sio we do not practice ; bp, cii si ci ho siang kui" li'o this sort is the ;
this form of obeisance. kui thih-.'p liah i Ip ; tallest we have. nin no nang phit thoi" ti-
made him kneel on chains (a form of punish- tiang kui"; you two stand up here and see
ment), i kai kha tieh kui Iph khu cxa" ho cp; which is the taller, ii kai kui", u kai 6i some ;
he must kneel and then he can do it. ceng and some are short.
are tall cek ing kui",
-Bang Iph khu kiii-sang all made their parting ; kau chieh bp eng for reaching
;
to a height of
obeisance. cia si eng cck kui sa° khau-thau ten feet, a nine foot pole is useless, i kai
n§.ng
kai loi, hia si eng no kiii lak khau-thau kai kui"-tio kiii"-tio he is tall and slender.
; Id
loi ; for this the ceremony of once kneeling and kai chi'u khieh-khi kî"; lift your arm high,
three times touching the ground wuth the the" kui" ce ; prop it up higher. i i'o kui°
forehead is used ; for that the ceremony of mia"; his name stands higher on the list. i
kneeling twice, and touching the forehead to kai sin-hang bp hie" kui", ngo-tiin ngo-tun ne;
the ground six times is customary. ta-chiam he is not very tall, but is
sturdy and well built,
si kiii cek ciah kha to half kneel is to kneel
; cikai u jieh kui" ? How tall is this ? ai" cp
on one knee, i kai bo lai kau pai-pai kui-kiii, kui Ing kui" ? How many tens of feet high are
li-kwn khiu nang his wife came and kept ;
you going to make it ? i
nang kui" toa he is ;
kneeling down and vehemently pleading, kiii a large man. kan si ngo chun kui"; it is four
Iph khu cu peh m
cau-khi; having knelt down or five inches high, i 6i
cheng kui" kiah-thp ;
could not rise. i
i"-keng kheug khu kiii-hue she wears high heels. cia ia-si ti" sang kha,
282 DICTIONAET OF THE SWATOW DIALECr<
«ia kai th&a 16h khu to kio toa nftng pS'-pe" |

ia kun-kong seng kau c6 c6ng-tok; rise by mi-
kui° 16; if she were to bind her feet, and !
litary merit to the office of governor. ngi tia"

arrange a coiffure, slie would be as tall as a j
CO chong kun kai cue; sentenced to banishment
grown person. peh cie" kui''-kui'' kai sua" \
to a garrison on the frontier. to kun c6i"
teng; climb a high hill, tah kai pe° kui°-kui''; ^
ku-a ui ;
in the van of the army for several
make a high platform. jit chut hph kui° lio ; years. liang kun tui t^k;two armies in op-
the sun is already high. kui° sua" kui" chio position, kun leng nglam-sok; military orders
tui high hills have high hills to face them,
;
are stringent. thun kun to mong kui ti-hng;
uang-uang kui"; tall and personable. intrenched forces in a certain spot. eng kun
sie ki"; practise military etiquette in saluta-
kui" 120 A political division an- tion, kau-seng co thi-tok-kun-mng ; became
/|Vj> 201 10 swering to a district ; the the general-in-chief. cie kun boi be; raise
fifth order of territorial divisions, sometimes and equip kun cuang kek depot of
troops. ;
called a county. hue tii-tu u kun bu have
military stores, ci ;
i kfa" t(5 CO kui" kua"; his son is district military business on hand just now. kun khi ;
magistrate. hin jim raong ko kai ti-kQi"; is
weapons of war. pun cek chut ciang-kun-
now filling the office of district magistrate in a leng; sound a victorious pean. hin-khek kui
certain place. kQi" s!a"; district cities. kau se" sim-mueh What
is the sur-
?
ciang-kun
kui"; the nine districts. nfn si tl cek kQi" name the present victorious commander ?
of
kwn ka.i ? In which district are you ? kQi"
kun-su; a strategist in war. ci cek ki kun-b^
cii ; kui" thai-ia; the district magistrate. kQi" thoi" tieh hiong-cang cfti ; these troops appear
oh the district examinations. keh kQi"; the
;
very powerful, meng n&ng toa ki kun khu siu
district. lin kui";
adjoining neighboring sia"; order some one to take a body of troops
districts. n5 kui" kiam kki ; the two districts and go and guard the city. p[li kun cu ciang ;
are contiguous. sua" kiii"; a mountainous a defeated general, ci ki kun si td moug ko
district, si toa kQi" a si sfe kui"? Is it a large
tit seng tng lai ; tiiis division of the army has
or a small district ? ci-k6 si s6k tl c6k kui" returned from a victory in a certain place.
bun k\vn ? What district magistrate holds this kun-sQ hue hua"-hi clu luk ; the soldiers are
place under his jurisdiction ? siu kQi"; the
willing to do their utmost, choi" kun koi tit,
chief district. kui" ge-mng the district ;
cSk ciang lang khiu ; a thousand men may be
yamun. kui" sdng the deputy magistrate of; had easily, but one leader for them is hard to
the district. kiii"-khau khau wn a bQe ? Ai-e find. cQ si i l6 thio kun; it is he who directs
the district examinations through with yet ? the movements of the troops. chui kun coi"
kia"; urge the troops forward. in kun tui-
•rt^ kui" 75 A case with drawers or a door;
kun cin
kua"; lead the troops in pursuit.
t |M 486 14 a press ; a locker a chest, ;
kau tl-kp ? How far have the troops advanced,
toa kui", kiii" ki'a"; large and small lockers,
thp kun; withdraw the troops. kun huap;
chng-kui"; a sideboard, tph-kui"; a side table kun-ui ; martial ; war-
with drawers. kQi°-tliai; a counter in a shop, military regulations.
like. tJii-ciang-knn, poih min ui-hong; a
ciii kui"; large covered wat«r-jars. lo kui";
water jars kept along the street, as a precaution great commander is majestic, no matter on
what side you approach him. chue-sua" kun
against fires.
sim demoralize the array. kun-su long-iak;
— kun — ;
soldiers eager for battle. kun b6 cien sim ;
kun 159 An army ; troops ; a legion the troops have no mind to fight. kun leng
419 2 of 12500 men; the head- m kia"; the orders are not obeyed. chau-lien
quarters ; military ;
warlike ;
what pertains to kun-su drill the troops.
;
kun m ceng ciii ;
an army, kun bo mih ceng-llen ; the army is not well
tai kun a legion.; kun-ia"kai su-bii hwn; the disciplined, kun nie soldiers' rations, kun
;
affairs of the army are numerous and vexations, tang khueh nie the army lacks supplies.
;
toi
itue uang khu chut kun; he is a camp follower. kun su lai pang-cp kun hiang; contribute means
mia"-ke kia" kun ; skilled in military tactics, for aiding in the equipment of the army.
kun-min a military sub-prefect, placed
hii ;
at an important point with civil jurisdiction, * 30 One who is honored as a

kun
~-
/\
kun thia"; the office of the sub-deputy district /^Zf 4 prince or chief ruler ; a
418
magistrate. iong kvVn sam kun ; the bravest soverign ; exalted ; superior,
of the brave, tong kun ; the main body of the lu thoi" i kai naug si kun-cji a si sio-jin ? Do
troops. khu tau kun to enlist as a soldier. ; you consider him a cultivated person, or a
boor thoi" i kai hok-sek li si kun-cu TiA,tig

? kiin 145 A petticoat.
cheng iTi cai i kai
kai, nang 6i kun-cu a boi ? 420 7 i
c«5ng pak kun a in ceng ?
I see that bis clothes are such as are worn by Has she begun to wear a petticoat yet ? i p8,k
refined people, but 1 do not know whether he cek ie ang kun she wore a red petticoat.
; ci
is a refined person or not. i kai
gQa min nia kun ti-tiang kai ? Whose petticoat is this ?
th6i°-k\" li kun-kun c\i-cti, i kai sira lai kio li
chio kun ; an apron worn by courtiers in court
ch^k cek Ie°, chwn bo kai kun-cu bi ;
he is a dress. kun-ui ; a child's apron or petticoat,
perfect gentleman, so far as external appear- kun toa ;
the waistband of a petticoat.
ance is concerned, but in mind he is like a
brigand, utterly lacking refinement, kok kun;
the sovereign. hii kun ; in epitaphs denotes kiin 163 An old political division,
a parent, soi" kuTi to jit .sira keng i ; when my ^|5 419whose extent has varied at
7
different times from a province or
deceased father was alive I was most respectful principality
toward him. sio kun your son. ngiam kun down to a district.
; ;
the head of the house. kun m cia°, chin kun sia"; a shire-town. kun uang a prince. ;
cu Iwn when the prince is not upright, the kun cii daughters of a prince of the first
;
;
ministers rebel. cia sng si bun kun this a rank.

;
stupid ruler. kak kok kai kun-uang mia^-ho

m tang the sovereigns of different countries
;
have unlike designations, ke kun ray father, ;

^^
-^^ 452
kiin
6
64 The
kuu-thau the fist; to double
fist.
soi kun my wife.

;
sia° kun the monarch, ; up the hand boxing, pii, ngia, gan, pat kun-
;
bien kun a wise ruler. to si u tau kai meng thau rich, handsome, learned, and skilled in
;
;
hia kun-thau chun chut lai kio puah-

kun; is a reasonable and clear headed ruler, i boxing,
kai CO su si bo pe-bo kun hiie kai co su his ki'a" hie" toa; when he sti-etched out his fist it
;
conduct is that of one who has no ruler. was as big as a small rice pot.
kiin
494
85
11
To
roll
to bubble np
boil
;
about or over,
to ; — kut —
pu ue kiin ciii lai chong te heat a kettle of
;
>^y kut 188 A bone ; anything hard in-
water and infuse some tea.
till it boils ciii r3 454
closed in or connected with
kiin a biie ? Does the water boil yet ? ciii something soft, as the rib of a leaf or an
cua" li-li kun khi lai the fountain bubbles ;
umbrella.
perpetually. sie kiie kiin thng; hotter than kha kut, chiu kut; bones of the feet and hands.
boiling soup. tang i kiin kau mi^-mi"; wait phia°-li kut ; old humaa
the ribs. ku-kut ;
for it to boil soft. cek kiiu cu khia khi; as bones. hun jip kut chiie ; his hatred goes to
soon as it boils, take it off the fire. the marrow of his bones; invincible repugnance,
phu kun, lo kut; become emaciated, pvvn kut
kun 159 To explode to blast to chak a renegade. ngau ho" kut ka ; make
; ;
;
234 14 blow,
glue from tiger's bones. chun cp cek pe kut;
kiin-ti-lui dynamite, tl khut i kiin thap khu left but a handful of bones, i kai kut keh hd
; ;
;
the ground was blown out and made concave he is well built. thong sin kai kut-cak ; the
by it. kiin plma i kai sia°; blew up their city, bones of the whole body. ciah nang kai knt-
ciii toi kai ti-lui hp kun tio nang kai cun ;
thau cia" sua"; preys upon people. ciia" kut-
torpedoes blow up ships. kun tio cieh blast thau ; base, low-live. sin-teng u ko kiii kut ;
;
rocks, hu-ko kai ti-lui kiin khi lai, hu pi" kai has innate refinement. si i kai kut nek is of ;
nang u kai khut i kiin si khu, u kai khut i kai his own flesh and blood. cia jl thoi" tieh u
in heh puah khu; when the dynamite exploded
kut lak this letter is vigorously written.
;
there, some of those standing by were killed by

the explosion and some were stunned.
kut 64 To pound
to maul to hit. ; ;
"Tg^ kun 75 A quarter-staff; a sharper; >^> 267 cang cha-ci kut tieh i kai
b i
^J^ 495 ~8 a knave. ka-ciah he took a round stick of wood and

;
chiu teng khia ki kun held a fencing stick in ;

hit him on his back. khieh ki tek-kp tui i
li-li kilt; got a bamboo
his hand. tang phali si-cap kun beaten ; pole and kept hitting
forty blows with a club. toa kun toa pang li- him with it. kiin-thau tiii i kit kau cek sin
li
phah ; kept sti'iking him with great clubs tak-cak o-che"; mauled him with his fist till
and sticks, kuang-kun ;
a blackleg, lau song his whole body was covered with black and
kiin ;
a pettifogger, kun-hui"; a rascal. blue spots.
284 DICTIONAET OF THE BWATOW DIALECT,
kut 85 Smooth, slippery, polished ;

children this is the eldest. khi hue kh<5 kU;
242 10 wet and sludgy ; soapy, glas- keep back goods to raise the price. i si ku ti-
sy, glairyjoily and shining; cunning, flattering. tiang kai hok ? For whom is he in mourning ?
6i li kui", lo li kut, hfam-hiam puah ku-a hue; tS ku a tea-shop.
; ku sla" ho a si ku hie" hd ?
what with my shoes being high, and the road Which is the better, to dwell in a city or in a
sludgy, I came near falling down several times. village? ku kua° cu tieh cheng ceh ; the
kut liu-liu; slushy. hu tio lo liu-liu kut; incumbent mu.st magnify his oflSoe. hu-ko ku
that road is very slippery, thau-khak thi kau min coi there are many inhabitants there.
;
mai" giii tieh min ku; do not interfere with the

kng-kut kng-kut the head shaved very smooth,
;
mong tieh lin-liu kut it feels soapy. thong ;

people's dwellings.
sin ne kut-kut; the whole body smooth. bua
Ho peh kut khjx rubbed it so hard as to take ku 146 The tail of a coat the flap,
off the gloss, chui kut-kut
;
has a good appe- ;

IS 438
i kai sa" ku
8
held on
skirt, or hem
;
of a robe,
to the skirt of her
tite, chui kat-kut li-kwn llara had it on the ;
khang ;
end of his tongue and repeated it off without a robe. khang sa" ku p6 ka-ciah ; take the flap
of a robe to mend the seat. khi" sa" ku ;
pause. ia tieh thftk kau chui kut cia" hd ;
must also study it till you can recite it easily, clings to her skirts. m8ng i kii sa" ku ;
touched tho hem of his garment.
ca-jit chili io siap, kia"-jit chiii io kfit ; yester-
day I had scarcely any appetite, to-day I feel
more like taking food. chiu lai k(it ; it is m f^^ ku 40 To store property ; to lay by
not scoured bright. kut ki\u cQ si bAah lil /Pt 4)38 8 property, as in a guarded
smooth as if it were oiled, khah siap, gng room.
kfii;
iu buah i kut; if there is too much friction, ku in tit hie" cOi
;
ifc will not hold so much,
take oil and smear it till it runs smoothly, hu thoi" mchut ku fi hk" coi" ; I should not have
k(5 chie" che°-tl li'o, kut cfii moss has formed ;
thought there was room to store so much in it.
there and it is very slippery. hAi" tieh to m ci kpi" ckng-pftng ku tit
jieh coi hiie ? How
kut tiah c6 6i siap-siap ne ; he never pays
:
much merchandise can be stored in this go-
down ? ctah loh khii i6 l&i ku eats
willingly how is it that is it 80 hard to get
:
rn tit ;
more than be can hold.

anything from him.
kut
To dig into the ground ; to
64 ku 184 To elevate ;
to promote ; to
448
excavate, 8 439 11 raiso iu public esteem ; to
kut kili khe°; dig a pit. kut chim-chim ; dig praise.
deep, kut klii khut dig a hole. kut cek tio ;
tai-ke kongku cek kai lai H su ; the
nAng chut
kau ; dig a ditch. img tho chim kit j soft people put forward a man
take charge of to
earth is deeply dug. kut-p6 a pickax. ;
affairs. tSi-miii" kok kfii huang-ti si c6ng
nang kong-ku kai ; the ruler of the United
kAt 46 Rising abruptly like a lofty States is elected by the people. kong-ku c€k
448
8 peak ; eminent, nang lai li cia su ; let a man be put forward by
i si ka-ki kut-klii kai, iIi si s6ng soi"
nung k&i; the public to attend to this matter. ku-cin ;
he is a self-made man, not one
inherited a who to recommend, to bring forward, to nominate,
si lia ku-cln i kai it was I who recommended
high position. chong peh-se° kut-khf co ;
huang-ti ; rose from among the common people him. ci kai nang si put sek thai ku kui nang;
to the throne. this man is one who is unworthy of the
nomination, ku chiu to raise the hand, as in
;
kut 94 Canning. voting. ku ci toa pang; a good deportment.

242 10 i kai nang kaa-kut ; he is ku-t5ng to ii kui-ku ; in all actions there are
very tricky, kang-kut ; traitorous. usages to be considered. cek ku cek tong to
Q Idi-sio ; for all movements of the body there
— ku — are rules of etiquette to be observed. ku-jin ;
a promoted man, a graduate of the second
ku 44 To dwell to en-
; dwellings ; degree. teng ku-jin ; get the second literary
437 6 gross as a market
. . . ; to consist degree. ngS tieh kai ku-cu ai" kliu cie" kia";
ill ;
to be in ;
to fulfill a condition. met a graduate on his way to Peking. si ku-
6i''-ku kai si-hnu ; when at leisure, i k4i kna" jin a si bii-kii ? Is it a civil graduate of the
ku kek pin ; he has reached the
highest rank, second degree or a military gi-aduate of the
ua ngo kai kia" el ci kai ku toa
;
of my five second degree ?
ku 111 A usage, a law, a custom,

a ku Evidence; warranty; to have
64
439 con- 442 form or substance to occupy
18
5 pattern strict, exact,
;
;
a place; to maintain; to fend off; according to;

stant, as a law.
kui ku established usages.
;
b6 kni-ku ; un- conformably to.
civil, impolite,rude. bo kui bo ku ; lawless, u sim-mih peng-ku? What proof is there of it ?
tich u kui-ku ; one ci kai cu si ceng-ku this is the evidence of it.
pat kui-ku; well-bred. ;
must act in accordance with correct customs. ciam-ku i k§,i ti-hng encroach on his ground,
;
ui ku make a contract as evidence, ku

lip ieh ;
AjW ku 167 A saw ;

to saw. i ta" si cie°-se''; from what he says it appears
^^^ 441 ~8 si ku-kia" a si toa ku? Is it to be thus. ku ci kia" su lai thoi" cu si i m

a hand-saw, or a wood-saw ? ku co no kueh ; tieh ;judging from this, it appears to be he
saw it in tn-o. ci ki ku ho ku tek ili ho ku who is in the wrong. ku to-li lai lun li, hd
sam; this saw is good to saw bamboo with but cia su ; taking correct principles as the ground
not to saw pine. ku khi; the teeth of a saw. for argument, the thing cannot be done. ku
to ku to file a saw.
;
ku ci-hue cia° to kau pin si cie"-se"; according to
the warrant, it is
lai-lai ; the saw has just been sharpened, hieh so. bp peng bp ku, ham ua c6-ni twn ? With
ki" kio ku-khi hie"-se"; the edges of the leaf are no proof nor evidence, how would you have me
seri-ated. ku au ; to cut one's own throat, decide the case ? cia si u ceng ii ku kai su ;
jwn ku, ku 111

tng however much I saw upon; this is a thing about which there is testimony
it, cannot sever it.
I ku-sut sawdust. ku ; to be had. ku i kai cii-i li ai° cie°-se" cp; con-
cgk kua kai ke-ci", hwn-lio ku bue loh ; has formably to his will, let it be thus done.
ku-
a day's wages at tin i kai pho, ih kheng pua"; took possession
spent time enough to get half
sawing, and has not yet sawed into it.
ku of his shop, and would not move out. iu-ku
Dek the blade of the saw.
; bo hai° i kai co ci"; and furthermore withheld
his rent from him.
ku 157 To occnpy forcibly.
441 ku-tin to hu kai tl-hng;
~8~ ku 162 Rapid; spurred on; suddenly.
took up their quarters there. hu-ko si i ku- to kip-ku kai si-hau cu ai° m
^ 442 l3^
tin to kp that is where they have planted
; when in a hurry one does not take
cai-huang ;
themselves. i h6".ku to hu-kp, bp nang ka" kia"-
ku.jien cii kia°, ai° cie"-se"
precaution.
khu thin i ; they have forcibly taken possession iii kia" m
khu if you want to do that on the
;
of the place, and no one dare go and oust them. it cannot be done.
spur of the moment, I fear
ject
ku-cph,
;
ku
441
to stop
m kio
64
T
;
i
To ward off
obstruct; to withstand
to oppose a plan,
kau-chap; broke
with the hand; to
;
to re-
off intercourse,
M ku
441 8
9
assuming,
i kai nang kfi-ngSu cS,i
A free
and easy way; haughty;
he is very domineer-
when you call him
;
ing, ham tieh i ku-ku ne ;

and would not associate with him. ce chia li'o
he pays no attention to it. chph no°-kia°
cu ku-coh bp hai"; as soon as he had got some-
chwn bo kui-ku, to si ku-ngSn, sien-tien those ;
thing from him on credit, he ceased from

inter-
children are wholly destitute of correct train-
course with him, and would not pay him. i cp- and impudent.
nl ka" khaiig-ku i ? How dare he oppose him ing, and are insolent
by force ? i ci-kp m Tea" ku kua"; those living ku 48 The chief great; vast.
chak ku- T-| ;
here, dare not resist the magistrates, ^ 4ib ke-cu ku-bvvn; a vast estate,
"2
hu-ko sng i si kQ-phek he is the great man

ti-kau sie" tieh kua°-pia°; the rebels resisted
pii ;
to the extent of wounding the regular troops, of the place. ku rang tho in geomancy, a
ku-tek; to stand out against, ku i m cu; could two hills.
;
khut i ku symmetrical hollow between

not successfully stand out against.
CO, ku no sa° nij he stood out against paying ku 30 To gulp down.
his rent for two or three years. 929 T khut i cp cek chiii ku loh khu;
ku 30 A choking which hinders he gulped it down at one mouthful. toa-toa
D^
i3. 1080 12 swallowing.
tu kept gulping
chili li-li ;
mouthf uls. ku m loh could not swallow

it down in great
it.
lau nang khut png ku tieh the old man was ;
;
choked by the rice. ciah png, ciah lio ku-ku

ne after eating the rice, it produces a choking
;
sensation by stopping in the passage to the

fitomach.
^
from the
ku
441
157
"X
city is it?
Distance between.
ku Bia" jieh hng ? How far
— kuh — cSk sin tau kun, p&k knt a sharp pain in the ;
joints over the whole body, ca-jit liut-jiun cu

kuh 30 To stammer in talking, be- thiu kha kun was taken suddenly with a;
322 7 cause of a stoppage in the
cramp in the leg yesterday. min-teng tio
throat, caused by fear, rage or grief, che"-kun phd-phu a swollen vein on the face, ;
i kui la" Oe la"
au-lSiig-kiig nge, kuli-kfth-kie, i kai
phue khah poh, hia kun cek tio cek tio,
rn chut; his tonsils were stiffened, so that her complexion too trans-
thoi" hin-hln ;
is
(having a lump in his throat,) he could only parent, and the veins can be plainly seen,
sob out some words, and could not talk con- ham i l&i kio lia liah pue kun t«ll him to come ;
tk" ue ill tieh ta" hd-hd, mki" kfth-
nectedly, and knead my back for me, to ease the pain,
k^h-k\e ; if you are going to speak, why don't ci k6 si cong kun thAu ; this is a nerve centre,
and
you speak properly, and not stammer toa kun sinews. ; &ng kun arteries. ji sia ;
stutter, no ku ue kuh-kiih-kie, ta° c6k kiia; in chut lai fi kun kut the letters are written ;
saying two sentences he stammers and

stutters
with bold strokes. knah tio i no tio kha
BO that it takes him half a day to get it out. kun to cut the tendons of the legs, (a terrible
;
khua"-khua° t(5 kiih gradually stammered

punishment), ml" kun; tough strings of dried
;
forth.
— knn — dough.
tleh
huph kun ; blood vessels.
kuah mai"
gu-n6k
so" kun kai ; you must get beef
4*tt kun 75 The roots of plants; origin, which has no tendons in it. hia kun jiin c5i,
^JK 317 6 beginning, cause, foundation; p5 m loh ; very tough, 1 cannot
that tendon is
fundamental, radical. chew iib.

phukunlokut; become
emaciated,
chiu kun ; the roots of trees. cek tio kun i k&i kha kun c6 sek nge, tOa n&ng ta" i cQ ra
chwn kau hiig-ling ko khi; a root has made thia"; as soon as he gets upon his own legs, he
its way to a long distance. h(5 kun toi ; the will give no heed to what his elders say to
bottom of a thing; the cause, or origin of a him. i
jtang kau ftm kun phong-pliong ; he
thing, i ksli slin-mih kun-ti? What is at the shrieked until his throat was ready to burst.
bottom of it all ?kun-piin si cl'.6ng tl-
i kfii c{ le" ieh 6i cang kun kut ; this medicine will
ko lai kai ? Whence comes
the original c;iuse ? impart muscular strength.
ci kai ue tiv" chut lai b6 kun ; there is no foun-
dation for this story. kui kun, si co-ni ? To kun 69 The Chinese pound its
IT^ ;
go back to its origin, what does it amount to ? J I 397 ^ weight differs in different
soi mug i kui kun-iu ; carefully inquire into localities :
by treaty a catty is fixed at 1J
its origin. bo kun ciii-lau-phie ; a rootless
pounds averdupois.
weed that floats on the surface of the water ; a cek kun no kun ii I have perhaps a catty or ;
vagrant. u sim-raih kun-ku me ? Is there two. kun tui poih nie a half a catty is ;
piia**
any well based evidence of it ? kun chim, lib as good as eight onnces. cek ta" cek peh kun;
kii ;
roots deep and
rootlets tough, cam chau, a picul is a hundred catties, u kiii kun tSng ?
tu kun ;
cut down
the weeds and destroy their How many catties does it weigh ? ta" choi"
roots utterly eradicate,
; lu thdi" ci kai a-no°- kun ta"; carrying a burden of a thousand cat-
kia° u kun-ki a bo ? Do you think this child ties, i kai chin kun-nie siam ; this steelyard
has much vigor ? a pit cheng-chiu kun ; split short weight. ci ki chin, nie cie" toa,
gives
a banyan root by argument. ngwn kun si ti- kun cie" Piam ; on this steelyard, the ounces
tiang kai ? Whose was the original foundation ? are over weight and the catties under weight,
ciapho lia si kio i b6i tSg kun kai as to this ; cek kun si cap-lak nie a si c&p-poih nie ? Is the
shop, I have bought him out altogether, i ce
pound one of sixteen ounces, or one
of eighteen
bo ci°, cu t<5 hwn chiing kun, chu kun ; being ounces? pha bo kun tau; to turn somersaults.
out of money, he is selling off his fields and
houses, without reservation, to i chii si td k5
kun 157 To follow at one's heels.
hun-kuah kun in his house they live on sweet
;
kun-sui; to follow, as au
317 ~6~
hu choh n&ng cu si i kai kun-raio";
potatoes. attendant. cap nang kun, poih nang sui ; a
those people are his offspring. pang kau number of persons followed as attendants,
chin-chie" se" kun tue tl h\e''-se°; if you set it
i si to kun kua" kai nang ; he is one who acts
down, it is as if it produced roots and adhered as attendant on a magisti-ate. i pat kun kue
to the earth. attendant on the
tXu-thai; he has been an
kun 118 The tendons
the sinews Prefect. ci no kai chiah-kha si ciu-jit kun-
•^^ ; ;
sui i kai; these two large footed women attend

M/J applied also to the veins and
397 ~6~
nerves; sinewy, strong. upon her all day.
Irt
•
I'*
kun
d{)7
50 A napkin
kua° kun; a hand-
clu'rt kuti ;
;
a kerchief. Q
J^
kun
317
138 The
grams.
third of the eight dia-
kerchief, ihau kun a head-cloth, thau-teng; pok tieh kî kin khue ;
cast the eighth diagram
ta cek ko o kun wore a bhvck head-cloth,
;
when divining.
jio-se teng tue kua cek liap o kun kho-hne on ;
kun 15 To congeal to coagulate to
the crape was fixed such an ornament as elderly ; ;
G37 14 curdle; to stiffen to freeze,

women usually wear on a black head-cloth, ;
ce la chin cu kun as soon as it cools it will

so kun tang-ie" kuu ; a
;
a plain herchief.
f"-keng kun rain
;
stiffen. ;
has already stiffened
foreign kerchief. on the surface. la. kun kau ko the fat has ;
stiffened and formed a single lump, chin kaa

•h^ kun 32 To equalize; to adjust; even; lu kun-tang so cold that the oil has become
;
•'r/ 418 4 level.

solid. thi"-si juah, nek-thng phu li'o, boi kun-
pun lai iTi
kun-pe"; they are not impartially
distributed. t3,i-ke lai kun hun come all of tang when the weather is hot, the soup does
;
;
not stiffen after being cooked.
you and take equal shai-es. kun si u iah kai
Bu; impartial adjustment is
kun
399
9
11
beneficial.
Nothing over; hardly enough;

little short
M kun
65
6
The gizzard.
130
koi kun, ah kun, go kun;
the gizzards of chickens, ducks, and geese,
cha kua" kun ; fried gibblets.
scarcely ; ; only ;
nothing more.
i kun 61 cie°-se" ta" tia"-t!a°; he said
just this
>W^ kuQ Near in time or place; to
162
and nothing more. lia kun lai cek hue ; I lA^^ 401 draw close to adjoining,
4 ;
kuii-kun ne close at hand, i kun

came but once. kun-kun kio i co-pu ciah cek ; jib cia° lai ;
he came not long since. lia kun si cia" lai I

tng tia°; ate with him only once. put kue ;
kun-kun kau eng have no more than barely

;
came lately, ciang kun ai" li(5 li'o it will very ;
kun si i cai tia", pat nang m cai ; he soon be finished, kun hai kai ti-hng regions ;
enough,
near the sea. kuu-lai ii sini-mih sin bun ?
only knows, no one else knows.
What news is there of late ? ci'a si to ci kfln
kun 149 ni cia° sin khi li these are the new regula-
^S^ Diligent; careful; vigilant;
;
tions, established within the last few years,

HÊ. 399 11 serious; attentive; respectful.
tui ci tio lo 10 kun ; it is nearer to go by
lu tieh kun sim
you must give your whole
;
mind this road. eg kua i sit close to

to cang loi-mueh khu kun ku i
it. ;
sin-pi°;
take offerings and respectfully present them to him. kia" kun lo ;
i kai
go the nearest way.
him. kun cun i kai meng-leng sedulously mak kuii-si ; she is near sighted. ci kii ue
;
ta" lai io kun li; this is nearer the truth, ling
attend to his orders.
kun thwn mia"; spread its fame far and near,
lin-kun hie"; neighboring villages. ai" kia"
ÎS. The nuptial wine cup.
ktin 26
lÛ 399
kia" hah-kuti kai loi; perform
6 hng; wanted to go by the nearest
kuii, tin-tp
the rite of partaking of the nuptial wine. route, and went by the farthest instead. hii-
kun kai ti-hng adjacent land. ;
kun to the ;
present generation. i m
ka° kun coi"; he
kun 184 A dearth of vegetables. dare not approach. cia kai nang, ho kio i
400
ke°-chai bo siu-s6ng kie-co
11
one we
chin-kun this person is may affiliate
kun when vegetables do not come
to perfection
;
;
with, ci kia" kai se° io kun this is some-
su i ;
there is said to be a vegetable famine, ki-kun
kai si-hau ; a time of dearth. thing that he would learn more easily, having
a natural bent toward it. th6i°-ki" li kjin, kia"
tieh cia" cai hng ; it appeared to be close at
kun 44 To exert all one's strength; hand, but on walking there we found it far
182 21 to struggle on. off.
hng chio in ju kun phiih ; a strong friend
i kai lak soi, si khak-kho kun kai, si cp tit m far away is not so good as a weak one near by.
lai she has little strength, and it is done with
;
ien ciii kiu put tit kun hiie ; water that is dis-
great effort, it is not what she is really able to tant cannot put out a fire close at hand.
jit kun kau cham cSi ; I
do. lia thoi" i ciu
see that he exerts himself
painfully all day.
— kut —
ta" li li bo, khak-si-kho to kun
tang, lak the 115
; kiit Thick, stiff, viscid ; close,
burden heavy, the strength gone, and he is
is
'RJ 51 8 compact,
Btruggling on as if for life. nang-mueh ne kut-kut, coi c2,i ;
the crowd is
very dense. koi-h3,ng kai nang sak kaa kufc Sju kwn 14 A covering for the head.
;
the crowd in the streets is so dense as to 473 i-kwn chi-ceng

Jild 7 clothing ;
obstruct travel. k6 kbok lai khah kut tlie ; rich and elegant. i ce cai i lai thoi" cu chut
paste is made too thick. mue" pu chieh a pii lai thio kia-kwn; as soon as she knew
kut? Is the congee made thin or thick ? khah they
had come and were observing her, she came
chieh, 16h ke choh nal-hun khut i kfit c6 if it ; out and paraded around in a high cap. kia-
is too thin put in some more flour and make it kwn ; the head-gear of actors.
stiffer.
kwn 147 To look at carefully;
m
to
kut 109 To look at out of the comer of 474 18 observe,
2 8 the eye to look askance at. ;
kwn-thdi"; to contemplate thoughtfully, kwn-
i kai mftk td kiit he
i, t7j cai si hSng i raih su; mo°; to look abroad attentively. kwn hong ;
looks askance at him, but I do not know what one's first entrance into the exatuinations.
reason he has for disliking him. kwn chak sai the style of an address to the
;
— kwn — Intendant of Circuit.
169 A custom or excise house; a

kwn kwn 75 To encoffin.
WMi
IPFJ 472 10 frontier pass to bar a door; ;
tl 472
what time is
8 tl-kai si ai' siu kwn? At
the body to be pat in the coffin ?
to guard ; to place a post at to bear upon, to ;
effect; to belong to a concern; involving; kwn 195 Unattended alone.;
consequences results. IjJJJ

;
«w|v 473 10 kwn kiia" ko tok kai nftng;
hiang kwn sue kwn the custom-house.
; ; hai alone and solitary.
kwn maritime customs.
;
kwn khau a place ;
where duties are kwn Board of

Revenue.
paid.
kwn to pass the
po ;
custom- «î kwn

451
184
kwn-cien ;
Flap-jacks; wafers.
pî'ig ; pîU 8 flap-jacks, or
house, kwn-sim tiolio; look carefully after wafers, in which hash is rolled. i kki kwn-
the stuff. bI Be", si &i, kwn-hl t6 vi kla" su ; cien hu tdi si kauh mih kfti ? What is rolled
whether he lives or dies depends on this. i
up in his flap-jacks ?
kio ua b6 kwn-siap; he has nothing to do with
me. m
kwn {in. k&i su ; it is none of my kwn To control ; to dominate; to
118
business, ci ko Q kai kwn-li ble; there is here 474 8
rule; to influence primarily,
a temple of the god of war. to bo kwn sim eng i idcpkwn-ke; employ him as steward,
kio lia CO ; he docs not do it for me with any ci lai si tl-tiang to kvvn su ? has the Who
interest, kwn huang; the official seal, lu têh control of things in here? bI i i6 kwn-H; it
cai kwn i ; you must beware of him. is he who has the lii ho
ning management of it.
cai kwn take heed to the door.
; lu kfii ning siu kwn ; you may take ciiarge of it. i td
tieh kwn hp-hd you must guard the doorway

; Clang kwn sio-b&k ; he is keeping the books,
carefully, khai kwn sua"; a sneezing powder, pho lai kai su to si i td kvvn ; he controls
lia sek phua i kai ki-kwn I brought his real ; everything connected with the shop. cSk
motives to light. cf kai su kwn-hi toa; this i.angkwn gua, cek nang kwn ISi ; one takes
affair has important results. phai i td p6° charge of what goes on outside, and the other
kwn ; depute him to close and command the of what is done inside. i kwn-hak nang ra
kwn; pass the custom house, kwn-
kiie thia"; people will not be ruled by him. lu ci-
Eass.
lang ;
custom house dues, khieh kvvu-hiang; kwn ta°; go on talking as long as you like,
collect duties. cek-kwn cp kau hd ; go on and finish it up.
li'-kwn fa"; gave himself wholly up to
talking,
kwn 18 A bond, agreement, or con- lu raai" kwn p&t nang, kvvn ka-kl cu ho yoa ;
4^3 6 tract, need not look after other people, if you keep
ii^-keng sang kwn ho; he has already pre- yourself in order that will be sufficient, ra ku
sented his papers. i kwn hii si kiii
nang ? pat nang, ka-ki li-kv\n ta°; paid no attention to
How many names appear in the document ? others, but went on talking himself. lu thia'
kwn ]&.{ si irik nang, kwn gua .si si n^ng ; there lia ta°, lu mai" li-kvvn khau ; listen to what I
are six who are mentioned in the contract, and am saying to you and do not give yourself
four besides, cu kwn ngun T-keng sang i m kvvn su he does
wholly up to crying. ;
cheng-chd lio ; the amount agreed upon in the not control matters. bp khu kvvn i ; did not
contract with the school-teacher, baa
already pay any attention to him. m cai kvvn-kii cQ
been paid over to him in full. kh^t i cau-khu ; did not look after him, and so
he ran away, lu lleh cai-kwn ; you must look "Where does your family reside ? hu l5i c6ng
out. ]u a-si m
cai-kwn, m-ki°-mueh eu si lu ciikwn a m ceng? Has he a family living in
kai su if you are not on the lookout, and any- there ? i bue u ke-kwn he has not yet a ;
;
thing is carried off, you will be held responsible family of his own. i siang-te'ng kwn-kix i he ;
for the loss. lak ngio kwu sa" ke a diligent ; regards him very affectionately, cf kai nang i
cat exerts an influence in her own and two kwn-ku cS,i ; he loves this person very much,
other houses, i kwn loh u jieh coi nS,ng ? How i kai \
cng kai kvVn-ku to ci'-ko ; his heart is
many persons does he oversee ? sd kwn kai tl- wholly set upon this. 13,i
gua kai chin k\Vn
hng jieh khuah ? How large a country does he long-cong lai the relatives of the same and of
;
rule over? i boi tit kwn ua ho cannot sway ;

other surnames all came. thi° i kwn to i kd ;
me. lu mai" kwn lia kai su: kak nang kwn kak Heaven graciously protects him. i k&i sim si
nSing cu ho do not yon undertake to manage

;
kvVn to ci kai, m
si kwn to hu kai his heart ;
my affairs if each person attends to his own

: inclines to this not to that.
business all will go well. si i kai-kwn kai
nang; it is one of those whom he has charge of. V*P ^^^ ^ To force a liquid into to ;
hiu° kwn 6i° su put a stop to idle dalliance.

; l"^^ 476 18 pour into holes to fill them ;
to run or flow together; to discharge; to dis-
kwn 135 An
a caravansary, a inn, emboge.
^
f^ 475 To^ lodging place or club-house;
a council room or assembly hall a room for ;
cia gu-nek u kwn cui a bo ? Has this beef had
water forced into it, (to make it appear fat)?
public use ; an exchange an office or counting ; eng cia kwn i ciii force him to drink liquor
;
room a saloon a restaurant ; a school-room,

; ;
till he is drunk. kwn lang, kwn kau pa; has
kong kwn ; a government hall ; a public room. filled up with pus till it is full. ieh i a-si m
cu kwn a school-building.
;
hue kwn ; club- kheng ciah cu liah lai kwn if he will not take ;
rooms, cia kwn a saloon, where liquors are

;
the medicine, then seize him and force him to
sold. te kwn ; a tea-house, or restaurant, swallow it. kiii jit cii kwn cie"; perfected his
ui kvvn; a hospital, or dispensary. to kwn ;
small pox pustules, in a few day's time. ci
tio cui oi kwn kau nin kai chang ko kha a boi?
puah ci" kwn ; a gambling hall, ki kwn sau- ;
phua kwn ; brothels, bagnios, kin-ni kai kwn- Does this stream of water flow through into
tl fo ho ; the openings for employment are your fields or not ?
better this year. chi kwn ; lodgings in an
examination hall, owned and kept for the use kwn 61 Experienced in; pi'acticed in;
of one's descendants. sue khut nang co bii- 476 11 addicted to habitual, ;
kwn rent to people to use as lodgings during

;
cia SI kwn-sek co kai this is done by an ex-
;
the military examinations, kau-laa kwn res- ; perienced hand. cia ke-hiie lia eng m kwn ;
taurants, tea gardens. kwn co ; the rent of a I am not skilled in the use of these weapons,
kwn cii ; the owner of the hall. co-jien, cS,i tit kwn ? At first, how
hall. khui can one be
kwn ; the beginning of a session or term. accustomed to it ? leng-ceng kwn cien ; a
veteran in war. sip kwn seng cu.jien; practice
kwn 76 To treat well ;
to show res- renders one perfect. ci ie" si kwn-lien kî,
1^ 477
i kwn-thai ua I'o ho
pect to. T
he shows me much respect,
;
this is what he is practiced in.
kwn-thai pat nang bo cie°-se''; did not show kwn 64 To push away from one
such courtesy to other people. i lai kau lia ^^^ 476 11 violently,
hd kwn ho thai i upon his coming I enter- ;
khut i kwn. puahto tho-ti-e was pushed over ;
tained him very courteously. mih su kwn- on to the ground by him. i c& khi, khieh khi
thai i kau ciu-tau ciu-tau treated him with ;

lai cu kwn loh khu when he gets angry, he
;
the completest politeness. i ce lai da cu hd takes it up and then dashes it down. oi khut
cin hd chai kwn-thSi i whenever he comes I ;
i kwn phua khu a boi? Did he break it in
entertain him with the best food and drink, throwing it down ? khut i kwn kau chap-
boi kwn-thai i m-hd ; never show any lack of chap-chui; was broken in pieces by his dashing
it down.
courtesy toward him,
kwn
109 Family kindred; to regard ;
;^ U kwn 14 To cap a youth when he comes
_ 450 6 kindly, JxAd 473 7
kwn
of age ;
kwn ? Has he been capped

the chief or head,
pd-kwn ceng co-pu lai me ? Did your family a si biie
si i"
come with you ? ke-kwn khia-kM to ti-ko ? yet ? bun-cie" kwn tie"; the chief of the essays.
"Mil*'
kwn 154 To connect ;
to traverse ; y^fe kwu 9 Tired ;
fntigned.
_^^ 475 7 to permeate linked with.
; ptlT' 450 8 nang kliiiii-kwn am tired, ;
Bi'a m^ng t6-td cia-kwn ;

write out plainly the kai Tang phi-kwa cfti am very languid. bftft
;
residence and parentage. cia ue ta° lai m kku hu liue kai ceng-sin kvvn cii had drudged ;
kwn-cbwn ; this is not spoken with continuity till at that time I was quite
fagged out.
«,nd relevancy. i u bvvn ke chS.i ; he is very
rich, cf ku cu k&i i-su kwn kJiu thong phien ;

kwn 64 To break away ;
to jerk one's
the meaning of this sentence is connected with 30 8
away, self
all that is on this page. i kau cf-k6 lai cue-

kwn cau ; to jerk away and escape. kwn
ak kwn-iong khui ; to jjrk off. kwn chut khu jerk out.
having reached this point, bis
;
;
iniquity is full. phd kin kk\i b5i kwn ; hold him tightly so that
he cannot break nway. khut i kwn hit khu ;
kwn-pien Paralysis, or stiffness it was jerked off by hira. khut i ce kwn cla
854 of the tendons. pfiah loh khu; having jerked away he fell
1
kvvn-piun kku ci-k6 l&i ku-a ni lio ;
he has down.
been paralyzed for many years.
^1 kwn 78 To wave to and fro; to shake;
kwn 18 Legal documents. lJ<i 282 2 to sway.
453 6" tio cie^jit kai iia'-kiVn lai i kai biio i<5 kwn; his tiiil is wagging, ki-bua
documents relating to the
th6i"; call for the li to kwu ; the twigs flutter in the wind.
case and see. tio kwn l&i hek tieli m hu
called for the documents and found by ex-
;
— kwt —
amining them that they did not agree. chau
kwn copy deeds. yft^ kwt 15 To
decide; to settle; decidedly.
;
1/V 447 i"-keng kwt-i ki" co ; he has
4 i
181
k\Vn The cheek bones. already decided that he will do it. hu kia" su
452 tt cCk kwt a hue fi ? Is that matter decided
f^\ 18 no kai kvVn-kut toa-t5a ;
very high cheek bones. kwn-kut toa, kai yet or not ? i kai nang cp hU in kua''-kwt he ;
acts in an undecided way. i a-b<5 co ku keng

Dang 10 ii suah khi people with high cheek ;
bones ai"e rather savage looking. kwt-twn ; his motlier acts with greater decision,
i hwn-li'o bQe kwt; he still delays and
c!)i gi,
^Rg kwn 121 A gallipot ;

a pot with a doubts, and not yet decided about it.
is kwt-
r*^B 476 18 cover and spout. kwt ill hu ieh cu si ; certainly will not fail to
tS-kwn a tea-pot.
; ciii kvVn a water-pot. ; carry out the contract. kwt put ciah ngan ;
hui kwn an earthen pot. k\Vn kua; the cover
;
will positively not retract. kwt-tia" 6i tit
of a pot. kvVn lih, kwn pe°; the handle, kwn seng certaiuly may succeed.
;
sui ; kwn chui ; the spout.
m kwn
451
109
8
m kam
To turn the
fondly,
eyes back upon m abstruse.
kwt
447
Parting or dying words ; an
149
a rule; a mystery, occult
4 art,
doctrines, a trick in legerdemain ; hidden ;
kwn-lvvn-lvvn, sia tio ;

looked back to it
with longing eyes, and was unwilling to part tit tieh i kai pi-kwt ; got the secret of it, (as
from it. i kai cheng cng kai kvVn-hvn to i ko ;
of a trade). kliaukwt; gibberish. i kai
his whole heart turns fondly toward it. kwt-sut coi ; they have many superstitious
observances. mih ie° su a-si tit kwt cu koi
kwn To pour out libations before
113
cp anything is easily done if you can get at
;
476 8 the dead. the art of doing it.

kia° kwn ciu kai loi; to offer a libation of spirits.
305
earth-worm
kwn 142
14 cek
To squirm to wriggle.
;
tio kau-un to kwn ; an

^
prehend.
kwt
469
64
6
To
envelop
inclose in a bundle; to
; to include ; to com-
to embrace.
is squirming there. i ce sph tieh kai-kwt ; to contain ; pau-kwt ;
i li-li kwn ;
as soon as it smarts, it keeps squir- to include. ci kii ue pau-kwt thong cie° kai
ming, a cek
thang to ciii toi td kwn, ai°
Ie° i-su ; this sentence contains the gist of the
liah khf lai sim-mueh ? There is a sort
li bo: kai whole chapter. pat nang ta° coi-coi hwn-lfo
of worm wriggling at the bottom of the water, iTi
cheng-chp, khut i ta° cp no ku cu kai-kwt
if you try to seize it and
bring it out it proves khu; other people talk a great deal and still do
to be nothing what can it be ?: not express what he will say in two sentences.
— kha — khiS the socket in which a door is set.

; pang
chu-kha ko; put it down beside the house,
kha 130 The foot; the leg; the shank;
ti-kha thiiii h<fa hue? Is the foundation filled
410 7 the base ; the pedestal,
in yet ? cia, thong ti kha e to u this is to be
kha mak the ankle bone. kha ciih ; stocks, he
;
i kai kha tau toa c3.i

;
from found everywhere. ;

for the feet. thcng-cu kha to rest
pang hu
;
has cliie" klia pat
kha Ing-to the calf of the leg. many protectors, ;
walking. ;
it there by the wall. cliui kha e Hang;
Ifi
kha pua"; the instep, kha toi the sole of the ;
kha sng
under a tree enjoying the coolness.
foot, kha cng tluiu; the toes, kha Su te"; the ti k&i
chiu nng; tired as witli very hard work,
heel, kha to; the sole, in a line from the little thiu
toe to the heel. kha liara the shin. kha nng kha pe°; has paralysis of the legs.
;
kha kun a cramp in the leg. kha thia" b6i
than u the knee. tah i kai kha ciah tread ;
kia" kaa
;
kia"; has a sore leg and cannot walk,

;
in his footsteps. kha thiii the thigh kha ; ;
kha thiii ngan kha

kha phok phS walked till my feet blistered,
wt the knee joint. ;
;
kha pi"; the groin. kha tah liu slipped after stepping.
;
sit kha;
thui thau the hip joint. ;
lost his footing. thak tieh kha; stubbed his
kha kut chnt khu kha thiii ngan kai kut chut
;
kha-thaa- toe. uai tiehkha wrenched his foot. pe°

;
khu dislocation of the hip joint. uai tieh kha kut ;
;
kha drag by the feet.
u kai kut chut khu dislocation of the bones ;
sprained his ankle, mau kha;

;
to bind the feet
of the knee. i
puah kau kha kut chut thng ;
nih kha kia"; walk with
he fell and dislocated the bones of his leg. loosely in bandages,
a stealthy gliding step. nih kha nih klia; a
tng i bo tlo kha mo"; in comparison with him ta° kha; set foot
I am as a hair from his leg. i kai kha lak stealthy, tortuous motion.
on another's shoulder. kha-tah a foot-stool.
toa kha toa chiu kai
;
toa he is influential,
;
nang a man of influence and ability.

;
i ho
"Tjl klia 48 Dextrous; adroit; apt; skillful;
*^
kha chiu he is clever at his trade, pak-chiah-
; V 374 ~2 subtle wily ; ;
shrewd ; equal
kha bare footed.
; ti° kha to bind the feet. ; to an emergency genius. ;
u kha kia" bo lo; have no recourse, kiiai kha ; khi-kha ;

i kuai-kha cai
ingenious.
he is ;
lame. khue kha; weak in the knees. kha knai-kuai kha-kha very clever,
very adroit. ;
khue chiu klme weak in the limbs. ;

i kai
i to si hue-ngan kha-gu, bo ku sit; his talk is
kha kia" lo kuai-a-kuai he limps in walking. ; altogether specious, and without a word of
i kai kha kia" lo hien-a-hien he walks as if he ; truth in it. cia si chiah kha-kang lai co kai ;
had St. Vitus's dance, kha wn-keng wn-keng ; this was made by clever workmen called from
he is bandy-legged.
tiig to kha; one leg abroad. ie" co lai kha of curious workman- ;
shorter than the other. ah toi kha ; splay i kai sim-su kha cai he is very shrewd,
ship, ;
footed, cang kha-to lai kia"; walk on the sides ci kai sim-khio ju-keng leng-kha ;
this one is
of the feet, si ciah kha kai
much; quadrupeds. still more astute. lai kau tii-tii cho kha ;
Ba° kha i"; a three legged stool, tok ciah kha; kha-kha ne,
just in the nick
came of time.
having but one leg. phwn khi kha to co ; bo sim-mih toa; intricate in its workmanship,
sitting cross legged. phwn thui co si no ciah and not very large, i kai naug se" lai soi-kha
kha lotig-cong phvvn khi lai to kha thui teng, soi-kha she is small and shapely, i si ta"kbd
;
chin-chie" hiit to co ; to sit Turk fashion, is to ue ki-chio nang ; he is uttering witioisms, in

double both feet upon the thighs, in the way to si td kek-kha;
ridicule, ciu-jit bq su, ciah pa
in which Buddha sits. ut pang ko khio khi has nothing to do all day, and when he has eat-
kha lie down and then raise the legs higher
; en all he wants he goes to devising mischief,
than the head. khek kha bend the knee, to be a genius and
;
lang kha, h\vn cwt tries ;
eng cek ciah kha kui a eng no ciah kha kui ? turns out a simpleton, kbl-mong siet lai kha;
Are we to kneel on one knee or on both ? thi the scheme is a subtle one. kha chi sie" phua"
kha be ; having sprawling legs. kha si khia cwt hu min a clever woman usually gets a
;
tit ho, can me" khut kha coih, si chit

phah ia° koi ; with the feet fool for her husband.
firmly set, one may run fast enough to catch a the festival at which wo-
giieh chiu chit me";
fowl ; with a firm stand men pray for skill in their handiwork is the
point, one may con-
quer, toa kha pang; a much swollen leg. kio night of the seventh day of the seventh
month.
bo kha kiii cek le", huh-ce-kie cu lai ; came
suddenly like a ghost with no sound of foot-
>M> kha 151 How? What? How can?
steps. c6i°,kha; fore legs. Su kha hind legs, ; _S» 346 3 Can it be ?
khut mang kha nek tieh ; was tread upon by a kha si me ? Can it be ? ua kha m pat i ? Can
be that I do not know him ? kha ho cie"-
chiig kha ; the legs of a table,
mosquito. it
thio kha ; the of a mng-kha-
pedestal se°? How can that be desirable ? i kha si
pillar.
g&n kue lili ? How can ifc be that he is wiser — khah —

than you ? kha fi chu If? Whence such a
lu th6i" kha wl^ khah 87 Too excessive extreme.
rule si sie tang; you consider
? i7i ; ;
whether they can be otherwise than identical, y»V 848 1 khah kui"; too high, khah
ke too low. la boi khah toa la boi khah soi,
i kha ka° r7i l&i ? How could he dare do other-
;
wise than come ? kha jiak cie"-se° keng hd ? tu-tiihd; neither too large nor too small,
is
but exactly the right size, mai" Iph khah coi;
How can that be the better way ? hie°-se'' h<5
kliachin-chie" c"ie°-Re° h(5 ? that way is good, H do not put in too much. mai" khah t5a lak ;
do not exert too much force. mai" op khah

why should not this be still better ?
tng ; do not make it too long. mki" ku khah
64 To strike t<5 ; do not saw it off too short. ci hue khah
J^^s^ klia to beat upon ; to ;
-=J^ 395 18 rap hard, cd; it is now too early, hd la khah ngkn; dom
lui khk ni ciah g{i a cow was struck by light-
;
not let it stand till it becomes too cold, khah
ning jind killed. khieh ki tek-kp khk i kfti siap ; so tight as to move with too great
thau took a baraboo pole and struck hira on friction.
;
the head, kh^ k6 ki"; beat the rim of a drum,

tu li khk iTi tieli, khk phua cek kai koi cd ;
khah 85 To about or over.
roll
struck at and did not hit the pig, but broke 494 11 khah; rolling on
Id thd S t6
the fowls' trough instead. the ground. hwn Iki, khah khu to wallow, ;
cSk kki i"-i" li-li khah a round object con-

;
^ri khk 64 To rap on ;

to knock against ; tinually rolling, kiu lin-lin khah ; the ball
^M 332 8 to discount ;
to reckon on the rolls over and over. k!u khah kkn i sin pi";
pfti cu khah-bua khu ;
abacus. roll the ball to him.
khk mng ;
to knock at a door. khk i k/n ;
their shields rolled together, khah kliiin ; to
drive it khk phua"; break .roll a hexagonal cylinder and see which face is
tight. by hitting,
lia" kliut i khk pliua" khu; the bowl was broken upward when it stops.
by his knocking it against something. khk
phua koi-niig break an egg by hitting it upon
;
— khai —
something when holding it in the hand. c€k
ciah chiu khk sng-pua", cek
reckoning on the abacus with one hand, and
writing with the other.
ciah chfu sia jl ;
m khai
308
169
4
To open ; to liberate
enact, as rites,
tiang-si ki" khai-ciang ? When will you display
; to
tii tlo
jieh c6i your wares? khai kaang; vivify an idol,
khk than? How much is to be deducted for
by putting a white dot on its eyes, khai-sek
discount? khk-tA strike off cancel reckon ;
khut i khi liberate hira and let him go.
; ;
; b6i
off. kha tlo ngiin clii deduct the amount tit khai khio
;
cannot finish it up.
; i cp-nl
allowed for dollars above standard weight. i
khai khau ? What does he say about it ? keng
to oh khk-sng he is learning to reckon on the
i chfu khai hwt; paid it over into his own
;
abacus. ex kp sio lii khk thoi" tiii m6 you

;
hands. m kku khai-hwt hki" nang have not ;
reckon over this account (on the abacus) and sufficient to pay people with. khai-hwt kku
see if it is correct.
cheng-chd; paid up in full, ti-hng khai phek;
khk 29 Used only with a negative an open country with a wide view.
^Jt^
/y^ 394 and denotes that the action
2
referred to was impracticable had not time for.
i b6 khk ciah cix khu
ping to eat.
he went off without stop-
me" kau m khk ciah t§ in such
a hurry that he could not wait to take tea. i
;
;
;
^
81
want
ai"
khai 75 A model a pattern
362 9 ample ; regular.
sfa khai cu a si ki" sia hang cu ?
written in the square characters or in
it
; ;
an ex-
Do you
ill khk thai i,
cp i khu ; he could not wait for the running hand ? i kai soi khai sia khu
her, and went off without her. cp-ni bp khk ngi'a; his small square characters are woU
taug i cp-pu lai ? Why could you not wait for written. ji
tieh sia twn-khai ce you must ;
her to come along with you ? ce hiong-huh, write your characters more regularly, ci chph
bp kha khia h6-cia cu khut ; was in such a flurry ji sia kku khai-khai ; these characters are
that he went off without stopping to get his written very precisely,
umbrella. bp khk siu thku ua' kha had not ;
time to comb her hair and dress her feet.

ki" me", via h6 khk sin-sip cu lai ; if
lu
you are in
^M
iKSL 308
167
khai
10
Armor.
khai-kah mailed armor. ;
a hurry I will come without stopping to put ta-(^)an kku bti-khai bii-khai ; dressed in coats
things in order. of mail, cheng cp bii-khai wearing armor. ;
DICTIONART OF THB SWATOW DIALECT, 293
khdi 16 A victory ; the triumphant cu twn ; adjudicate till trustworthy evidence

i?l|t
^W 808 10 return of an array,
cau kbai inp; Ifii celebrate a victorious return,
is obtained, and then decide the case. sui si
sira kui hue biie sira chut u khak-khak cbak-
;
when we return chak kai ch^ng-beng ; although the case has

ii-tiang-si cia° hd kbai-swn ;
been tried several tiroes, reliable evidence has

in triumph.
not yet been brought out in the trial.
kbai 18
Assiduously; diligently ; fully.
Jfi|| khak 79 The shell of mollusks ; the
Û 307 10 kbai-cbiet ; with assiduity, ^Hi
ko-si ta" lai kbai-cbiet cSi ; tbe proclamation ,/lt^ 412 8 husk or covering of fruits ;
khai-kbai chiet-chiet exuviae of snakes ; a hard outer covering,

sets it forth very fully,
ku khak tortoise shell, khang-khak kai; hol-
hio-ju peh-se"; let all the people clearly under-
;
low; empty, tbau-khak the cranium, thau-

stand this (a phrase common in edicts). ;
khak tbia"; headache. tbau-khak bin

dizzy, ;
g^H SH kbai-ju To covet ; to envy to ;

lo-khak ; spiral shells. ham-khak ; scallop
bau-khak ; shell of the king crab. g6-
H>yL ^/U 1124 desire to obtain, though shells,
by foul means.
ci khak; cocoa-nut shell. tSu khak pea-pods, ;
n&ng Ip kbai-ju i kai ti-hng ; people envy him

cia si khak hue a pi sap hue ? Is this lime made
the possession of bis place, ceng nang rii ka" from whole or from broken sea shells ? koi-
kbai-ju others dare not aspire to tbe posses-

; nng khak; egg shells. khang-khak chin a ;
sion of it. i ce c}e°-se" narg cu se" kbai-ju hollow tree, ke kau khang-khak consists ;
kai sira if he acts thus, people will have their

; wholly of pretence. io, kai min rh tieh khieh
kfi,i sio-kui-khak lai ti then you better get a
envy aroused. ;
mask to cover your face. cua pak khak the
m
;
kbai 75 To sum up ;
a resume. cast skin of a serpent, ci kS.i roin-khak tie lS.i
307 tai-kbai ; in general gener-

11 ;
sio this face is made very lifelike,
;
ally speaking ; on the whole, tSi-kbai si

cie°-se° kai \-fu ; in a general way, that is the iJ5S khak 120 A knot,
'l^fj^ 194 15 tbam kai khak tie a knot,
meaning of it. ua put kue ta° kai tS,i-khai ; I ;
tell you only what it is in a general way. cek ai" tbam iiah khak a tham si khak ? Shall I
kbai u jieh coi ? When summed how much tie a slip-knot or a fixed knot ? ai" toi", tieh
Tip,
is there altogether ?
tbam ke no kai khak if you want it to be
;
firm, you must tie two knots more, lu k§.i

tliî ^ Generous honorable, khak co-ni pak, lia koi ili chut ? How have
mPT* ;
\Mi 309kbai tbang! What a pity!

11 you tied this knot, that I cannot untie it?
How sad ci kai nang kbang kbai this man
!
;
khak tham m kin cu ai" lut if the knot is not
;
is disinterested. i si kbang-khang khai-kbai tightly tied will slip,

it bo kiie bo khak; no
kai nang cp u cie°-se ? If be is disinterested bunches nor knots in it.
how does it happen that this has come to pass?
kbai" 107
— kbai" —
Blackness of the skin,
m*^
from
khak chut
khak
429 9
the throat.
30 To cough and hawk
der to remove something
in or-
lai kai nua" thi-thi ;

raised some
392 min kbai"-kbai"-o
6 i kai ; viscid phlegm,
his face is very black. i si se° lai kai min
khai-kbai-o, a si ko kai min khai-kbai-o ? Is

his face naturally black, or has he blackened it?
^^
'TT^
khak
267
The Asiatic cholera.
173
kbak-lvvn cholera, vi cek
8 ;
ie" ceng kie-cp kang-kbak-lvvn, ia boi tbo ia

— khak — boi sia, pi bu khi kbak-lvvn keng li-bai; there is
a disease called the dry cholera, in which there
khak 112 Solid; firm; in truth; really;
is neither vomiting nor purging, and which
411 11 verily.
is still moi'o dangerous than the other sort.
ii tek-khak kai sin a bo there reliable
? Is
news or not ? lia su hwn-lio hue
thia" tieh ci'a khak 199 Barm.
tek-khak ;
I judge from the hearing, that there 458 sin-khah te; a medicine for
6
is as yet no trustworthy evidence concerning colds, brought from Cbincbew near Amoy.
this affair, cia si tek-tek khak-khak kai ceng- ua kia lu khu chwn-ciu kp boi ce sin-khak lai ;
ku ; this is substantial proof, khak-sit si cie - I send by you to Cbincbew to buy some medi-
se" me ? Is it really so ? khak-khak sit-sit cine for colds, ang khak upland rice, which ;
kai ; what ia verily so. sim kau khak chak. reddens the dishes in which it is cooked.
294 DICTIONART OP THE SWATOW DIALECT.
khak 140 The leaves of a legume compare the evidence, the case cannot be
257 16 used for fodder. decided. khut gu-su bua kham chut lai; it
khak-hio° leng pheli tlo ue-kh^ was ferreted out by the censor. no nang lai
; blsliopwort
will drive off iufection. im-Ie°-kliak ; the tiii khara cu cfe ta"; both come U)gether
if
and cotnpare the texts there will be fewer
spinous leaved aspen.
— khara — mistakes.
the extent of the
ciang-khiim chang-bo remeasure
field.
;
4fHl kham 82 Adequate ;

worthy ;
fib for.
*^k 314 9 kham cie"-se°; not worthy
r7i khkra 140 to To cover; to roof in a ;
of it. cfa put kham cai very nnwortliy of ;

307 10 cover,
this, m khara tit tieh i kfti si'e"; undeserving khara-au a large covered bowl.
; si ai" khkm-
of his rewards, kham eng co kaa"; fit to make au-kia° a si ai" toa khara-au ? Is it a small or
use of as an officer. slu kho l&ng kham; have a large covered bowl that is wanted ? lai h6
greater suffering than can be borne. kham- c6k toa kharn-au cnt-bf pn^ go and offer (to
;
kai p-l<5; worthy of praise, kham-kai cie"-8e"; the gods) a large bowl of boiled glutinons rice
deserving of this. (as a gift after the birth of a son). chu-teng
c€ng kham hia a bue ? Are the tiles laid in the
kham 212 A shrine to hold ancestral roof yet? khut chlu hiuh kham kaa nii"-mi°;
314 6 tablets, or images,
wholly concealed by the overhanging foliage.
kham ai" ua°-pang tl-ko ? Where will you set thi"-si juah cii, tieh lai khkra p6-phang; the
up the shrine ? mn^j ; the two
no kham
plii" weather is very hot, and we mast have an awn-
doors of a large cupboard in which the ancestral
ing put up. ci kai khara khah soi, khkm m
tablets are kept. i kai
c6-kong sai tu kham rai°; this conical cover is too small, it does no(>
teng; his ancestral tablets are set up in the fit tightly, khieh tia"-kham khu kham; put the
shrine. cwn c6 cek kai kham lai sai lau-ia"; cover on the iron pan. ciii kng tieh cai kham
make to order a shrine to set gods in. ci ktli
mi"; be sure and cover the water jar closely.
Bin-kham tieh leng-ua° siu-s!p ; this shriue for b6i kai ciii-kng kham ; buy a water-j vr cover,
idols must be renovated. ci kai kh^m si pin b<5i kai, a si cwn co kai ?
-Vr*" kham 82 A pit ; a snare ; a critical Was this cover a ready made one, or was it
-yV 315 4 time ;
the second of the made to order ? ISng-sn^-kham khara khu cu
eight diagrams. slang mi"; if you cover it with the st«amer
i cie"-si khiim-kho he is now not at all well. cover, it will exactly fit. boi kai tang-thaa
cie"-si kham-kham khd-khp to t7i ju-i; now puah lai klikra tang-thau buy a pot cover to
;
in the midst of difficulties, with everything cover the pickle pot. tum-puah, la si iTi khkra,
adverse to his wishes. kut kai kham ; dig a pd cXi tit sek? If you do not cover the wide
kliara kliiie si sok ciii ; the mouthed pot, how can the things cooking in it
dangerous pit.
second of the eight diagrams pertains to water. be thoroughly cooked ? khan phue toa"; cover
with the coverlet cover, hu-kp u kham-phang
m kham
112 To fell to chop.
315
4 khara chlu liah ci'o ; fell a
tree in order to catch the bird that is in it.
kai to cii kham khu, khara sie" tieh i kai
i
; a bo ? Is there any awning there ? kham lio
khah km; when it was roofed in it was too dark.
khara 146 To cover, as with a concave
chiu; in bringing down his knife it slipped 151 12 vessel to overshadow,
;
and wounded his hand, kham 16h cannot m ;

thi" khara ti ; the heavens cover the earth.,
chop with it. khieh kai t«-au lai khara ; take a covered cup
and cover it. tin-to khara; invert it and use
khkm 19 To compare evidence ; to it for covering. khieh kai ua° khu to-kham ;
315personally examine,
9
cover it with an inverted bowl, kham to i sit
thek che khii khara dispatch an officer to ex-
;
e sheltered under its wings.
;
amine into the case. ch6-kham raeng-peh lio ;
have investigated the case thoroughly. chi'a" kham 82 A dangerous bank a pre- ;
kua° kham-thoi"; invite an official examina-

lai 316 11 cipitous ledge; a cliff,
tion, si ui lii-vva lai khara a si
cia"-tn? ka-ki biie kau khara kha has not yet reached the
;
lai khara ? Was a bank, hu-kp si kia khara; there is a steep bank
deputy sent to take the
evidence, or did the magistmte himself come there, khia to kham kha to tang stood wait- ;
to personally examine into the case ? kham ing on the bank, chang khara a ledge beside ;
mng; cross question. m kau ti-hng ko khara a field. t(5 khoi khara-kha teng tie°liu on the ;
to m h<5 twn ; without going to the place to bank of the river fishing with hook and line.
make an aperture for ventilation. .sic thio

^ 167 Large brass cymbals.
kliSra
chak khang; reckon the number of pillars and
)l^ 616 12 toa lo-k6 si p6ih 16, si khara;
then chisel out the mortises. mak khang
in a large brass band there are eight gongs,
and four pairs of cymbals. khuah has large eyes. sua" khang a cave,
phah toa khSm, ; ;
cua khang a serpent's hole. nio-chu khang ;

phah h'o khom-khom-kie sound the great ;
;
cymbals, and hear their clash.

rat-holes. m6ng tioh b6 khang b6 uh could ;
feel no crevices. khang stin tau lai m kfn ;
khara The
noise of shutting or
169 the mortise and tenon are not tightly joined,
pj^ bun
jZpJ j,Qj^ g opening a door, j!p khang ; wriggled into his hole.
raai" khara mng; do not bang the door. t\-kp
kai rang khain-khSm-kie ? What door is it khang 93 To haul along, to pull, to
that is banging ?
388 7 lead, to lug in, to induce,
no nang sie khang chi'u to kia"; the two were
— khang — pulling each other along by the hand. khang
i kia";
pull him along by the hand, khang guj
JK l" khang-khue Labor;
work. lead a buffalo by a rope, ci kia" su khang-lien
ly\. i ^ 460 i to CO khang-khue ;
kau toa bp mueh n3,ng ; this affair compromises
he is at work. i kai khang-khiie lo tng cfti ;
a great number of people. lia kio i bo khang
he is able to do a vast amount of work. ciu
bo khua; I am in no way connected with him.
jitgiap-giap to si CO khang-khue is at work ;
khang-mang; haul along, khang-khieh kau i
i to to mih khang-
incessantly all day long. seng jin help him on till he is of age.
khiie ? What sort of work is he doing ? ci kfii,
; khang
ciah kaa lead a monkey about.
;
cu si khang
chii i kai khang-khiie lo ho ;
take this one on kau loll iu thng it is leading a dog to the
;
account of his ability to work. cho khang- cu si i to it is he who
frying pan. khang-in;
khue ; coarse work.
brings it upon us.
^r\^ khang 116 Empty; vacant; unoccupied. Jt^^ 64 To lead by the hand.
khang
1*'^ 464 3 khang chu an empty ;
47^ 179 10 khang i kai chi'a lead ;
house. pho i"-keng pua" khang hai" lia h'o ;
him by the hand. no nang sie khang chi'u ;
everything is moved out from the shop, and it the two took hold of hands. khang i cp-pu
is delivered over to me. iTi h6 sai i
khang khu lead him along with you.
; khang a-no°-
chfu tng khu do not send him back empty
;
kia"; to lead a child. khang- thoa i lai pull ;
handed, ham ke nang cau kau khang-khang ;
him along by the hand.
the whole family have run away. khang-
khak ; hollow. ci kai ge-ci khang-khang 120 To tow
XJ^ khang ;
to connect by a
khak-khak, bo nek ; this cocoa-nut is perfectly /p^ 388 11 cord.
hollow, and has no meat in it. tang mng- khieh tio sua" lai khang i tiie ;
take a thread
khi-ca ciah kau ta" tiig khang to khang and join khieh tio soh-kia"
it on. lai
;
khang;
since breakfast this morning my stomach has take a cord and tow it after.
remained unfilled. cek sie" mueh khut chak
thau kau khang-khang ; the whole trunkf ul khang 53 A healthy body and quiet
of things was taken by the thief, and nothing 320 8 mind,
left. ti
unoccupied land.
khang ; khang i laa n&ng jieh khang-kien ! What a hale old
chui bo thoi" cheh
ta", say it ofiE without ; man he is !
nang kai khi-thoi khang-
lu lS,u
looking at your book. khang pak ; an empty kien cSi ;

venei-able sir, you are very hale and
boi kau
khang-khang all sold off.
belly. ;
hearty. khang-hi ji-tfen ii sa-cap gua png, u
sai i td khang sie"; set him to vainly wishing, sa° sibwn ji. Khang Hi's dictionary is iu
chi'a m khang have no unemployed hand
; ; over thirty volumes and contains thirty or forty-
am busy. thousand chai-acters.
jT.! khang 39 A hole an orifice an ; ;

khang 61 Magnanimous ;
decided in
-J^W 465 1 aperture. 320 11 a good cause generous, ;
cam khang the eye of a needle.

; uai phl"- ci kai nang c9,p-huu khang-khai this person
;
khang mo"; dig the hairs from the nostrils, isvery public-spirited. i kwn-thS,i nang to si
hi" khang the ear passages. khang kia"; a he always treats one
;
khang-khang khai-khai ;
very small orifice. dig a hole,

liu kai khang ; with great liberality. kai li khah khang- ci
hu kai khang u jieh chim ? How deep is that khai, hu kai li khah nioh-sioh this one is too ;
hole ? khui kai khang khut i thong khi; liberal, and that one is too narrow minded.
29G DICTIONABT OF THE SWATOW DIALKCT.
109 The depression in the face khang 64 To resist ;

to oppose ;
to
at kliang
J5 480 6 where the eye is.
dark circles around the
_
kijsuig ku
321
4 rebel against,
Rtand in opposition. khang ci ;
mAk khang o-o ; eyes, ;
i khang nie
the eyes sunken. resist the will of the emperor.
rank khang ehim-chira ;
jieh kii li'o how long has he refused to pay

;
the land tax. i co-ni kii" khang kiia"? How-

116 Blank to leave a Bpace;
'ptr khang ;
dare he resist the magistrate ? i la si khang
'^CT 4G4 ~8~ an interval; a deficit un- ;
twn 111 cun cu tieh phah ; if he resists and

employed. refuses to obey he must be beaten.
u in khang pSh previously stamped in blank,
;
ci cek kai gueh b6 cek jit 6i khang;

this month To examine to take a.
109
khang ;
there is not a day unoccupied. sim khu i c6 31G careful view of.
4
16h khang cu toah phah continued the trial ce soi sim
;
khkng-8ie"; take a careful view.
till there was an interim and then
threatened
khhng-Rie" cu cai ; if you consider
it carefully
and beat him. cio"-si cQ khang ku-a jit b6 co; you will know. i7i
khhng-sie" to m cai ;
with-
lately there was
an interval of sevei-al days out examination of it, I cannot know.
when nothing was done. klihng kili keh Ho,
cia° \ix\ sfa; leave one space empty and To hold
then khllng 64 in both hands, as
write. i lâi ue ta" lai boi I6h khang ; he 159 in offering to a superior,
8
talked on without any pause, khi chun u cek khu kku, i cQ khftng td lai ciah when we ar- ;
ko khang ti after building, a piece of unused rived she brought tea for us to diink. cho c6
;
thorn all on a
ground was left. cfik thaiig-piia" khang lai put ;
salver and bring them.

pEi khkng 22 A wide couch a divan. ;
To engrave blocks
|/H 320 T khang-ki, tie" c6 jieh c6i ci'?
18 for print-
:^^ khang
How much did you pay apiece for the divan y fj 314 8 ing.
khftng a p6i" a bo? Are there
blocks for
tables ? lia hi" co tie toa khang-chng; I wish
to make a divan. khkng-chng teng pai tie" printing it ? klulng-kheh buu-ji to engrave ;
characters on wood.
khang-kf ; on the divan was a divan table.
i
la i c5 khang, i m
kii" c6 ; he pressed him to — khap —
sit on the divan, but he would not presume
iJi. khap To lie with the face down-
9
do so.
to
^\ 152 4 wards.
nH khang 109 To look at with displeasure.
lu ai" At iTi h<5 khap loh khu if you are going
to lie down do not lie on your face, i

khap td
;
PpJ 449 ~f m&k khang-khang t6 thoi"

lu thoi" i kai mak khang- ut he is lying face downward.
glared at him.
i ;
;
khang, i si heng i k&i ie"; see how he looks at To hang the head.
181
khap
him askance, as if he hated him.
f^K 16 thau khap-khap, i7i ka° tie"
"i2
phu ; hung his head, and would not look up.

khkng 8 Excessive violent strong. kia" 15, than khap-khap ; going along with his
"|5r^ ;
JU
;
320 2 thi"-6i khah khang ua"; the head hung down, i ki° tieh cu-nie hue than cu
one of excessive drought. kai
khap-loh; if he sees a woman he hangs
season is ci tl- his head.
hng khah khang iang ;
this placo is excessively
bare and destitute of shade. i kai meh khah •^y^ khap 140 To impress; to set a seal.
khang iang ;
his pulse is very high. i co lai jnL 307 lo" khieh khu khap in take it ;
put put khang, khap-khap hah loi; he was

pui, and set a seal on it, or have it printed. nie
neither obsequious nor arrogant, but simply lio, ci min teng khap kai in when you have ;
polite. measured it set a seal on the upper surface,

in ai" co-ni khap ? What sort of an impression
86 To dry by a fire to toast
khang do you want to set upon it ? khap kai in to
l^-Jl* ; ;
pj\j 320 a brick bed. T i sin teng set a mark on his person.
;
khieh khu hue teng khang ; put it by the fire

and dry it. ci'a
khang lai m so this is not ;
4-^j^ khap 64 To cover with the hand,
toasted enough to make it crisp. khang "jJIlL 430 lO khap kiii kai kap-kiu lai
kau chiah-pauh chiah-pauh toast it till it is ;
ciah ; caught under the hand a few frogs to
brown, phah h ue khang ; make a brick bed, eat. khap chau-rae" chi koi ;
catch grass-
under which a slow fire may be made, to keep I
hoppers to feed the fowls. khap tieh kai hd>
the bed warm. I
bin; caught a fly by putting the hand over it.
DICTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALKCT. 297
iM^ 61 Opportnnelj ; to the pur-

-I
^^ khau 64
scratch to claw; to rake To
IP
klinp
357 "6" pose; fitly. 1 ^
khau
with the nails or claws,
726 io
;
c\e°-se'' CO cu kljnp lang; that is jnst the thing phiia phue; clawed so as to tear the skin,
khut i khau kau no sa" tio hun ; was scratched
to do. khap lip ngp t!eh moiig na.ng lai cia"
cai it happened very opportunely that a cer- by him so as to leave two or three marks of
;
tain person just then came and made the thing the nails. khan kau ku-a leh ; scratched him
known to us. co kaa khap hd kai ui-chu ;
and left several scratches. khau ko thftu-
khiu kai i sak loh khu ; scratch off a fleck of
prepared a suitable place.
dandruff and stop the orifice with it. khan
169 The whole the entire thau-khak; to scratch the head.
khap ;
218 10 body of.

khau
140 The hollow culm of a species
khap kun kong khi; the whole department
unites in this public notice. khap ip kai sin ?t 331
meh khau
4 of onion,
a medical term for an irregular
iu long-cong khu lau jiru ; all the gentry and ;
literati of the place have gone to perform the pulse, which is thought to be hollow like an
onion stalk. i kai meh khau, cia°-cia° si sit
duties of their offices.
hueh k&i meh her pulse is irregular, and is
;
kl)fip
112 To hit against. plainly like the pulse of one who has lost blood.
WSBSL 430 To khap thau khSp thau
;
30 The mouth an opening a
khap hiah; bumped their heads together, khap ; ;
sa" e thau ; lay the forehead on the floor Pkhau

331 pass ;
a gap ; verbally ; by
word a classifier.
three times. puah loh khu khap tieh min ;
;
fell and hit his face, oi khap hueh lau a boi ? u jieh coi nang khau ? How many persons
Did the concuFsion cause bleeding ? i kai
are there? che nang-terg ho-khau ; take a
thau khap kan kai a°; he bumped his head so census. ho khau-chai fluent in speech, ;
hard as to make a bruise. khau ciah; food, khau si, sim hui ; the mouth
assents, while the heart dissents. phai i khu
10 To fear ; to forbear from khia khau cu ; depute him to attend to affairs
khap ;
at that port. toa" si ciah no khau hun tia",
406 1*2cautious,
kau pat su m smoke two pipes of opium,
ka"; only
kia" khap-khap-sih ; in an agony of fear. and would do no other [unlawful]
dare
"T/k^ 64 To strike, to knock. thing. pak khnu gua beyond the Great ;
khap Wall, hai ciii khau an estuary, kangkhau;
7/V 315 T no nang khap thoi" tl-tiang
a harbour. khau ho a vocal signal, a pass-
;
they are seeing which of the two can out-

;
Ia°;
word, kio i khau kak disputed with him.
do the other in a fight.
;
khau nle rations. ;

khau bit, pak kiam with ;
— khan — honeyed words, and harmful de.signs.

khau-sin lai ta"; he sent a verbal message.
i kia
khan 191 A lot, made of wood or nang kai ke-khau khuah they have a large ;
412 J7 paper. family. ang chiii-khau the mouth of a jar. ;
sia CO kui liap khau lai khieh cu ho tu-phi°; ham khang-khau the mouth of a sewer. ;
cu
write a few lots and draw from them, then to mng kha khau stopped just outside the ;
there will be no partiality shown, liam khau ; door, hang khau the end of the lane, phak ;
draw lots.khau ; make lots by twisting

jue to i hi"-khang-khau kp ta"; bent over whisper-
koih khau pick out a lot with
slips of paper, ; ing in his ear. khau leng oratory. kang ;
chopsticks. lu kai khau si khieh tieh sim- khau articulation, i kai tun au khau cih ta"
;
mueh ? What did you draw, as your lot ? khu hun-meng his articulation is very dis-
;
khau thau-khui lai thoi" si khieh tieh ti-kp ? tinct, cek khau phfjn a grave. khau gu ; ;
When tore open

you your lot and saw what was brogue mode of speaking.
; ke cek khau, na-
written therein, to what place did it assign na cau with another mouth in the family,
;
you ? khieh khau, khieh tieh lia lai khu; there are many more steps to be taken, khua-
drew lots, and in the drawing I got the one khau to boast, i hau" khua toa khau; he is
;
which indicated who was to go. hu kai ti- very boastful, ci'a si khua-khau kai ue; this is
hng kai khau khieh tieh tl-tiang ? To whom braggadocio. cp cek khau ti, cp tio cek choi"
did the lot which had the name of that place ^gV" spent a thousand dollars in making a
5
written on it, fall. khu lau-Ia" k6 lok khau ; burial place, hai-lp siu khau seal skin cuffs, ;
go before the god and shake the lots. ng-khau the bottom of a sleeve a cuff.
;
io ;
298 DlCTlOKARr OF TfiE SWaTOW DIAtECt.
kliau ;
an important pass. t6a pia" khu t& thu" khau ; mourn. kh^n a bo iah j it is at
kliau ;
lead troops to defend the pass. cbara- no use to cry about it. khaa-thi"; thi°-kh<\u :
che 16 khau ;
c ros.s- roads ;
the point where thi°-thi° khku-khku; cry and sob. t*afig sia
several roads meet. ui khau ;
the pyloru.s. tai khau began to cry aloud.
; raong boi tieh
khiii ui-khau kai mueh ; aids to digestion, kua"-clia-thaa cu khau; began to wail before
ciah klidahun ce take a smoke. ; ua ka-ki he touched the coffin. plio id li-k\vn khau ;
mng-kha hu-khau ko co stay and ; sit by one's php tieh li-li khau; clasped it and gave himself
own door. se°-khau ; a carcass. ngu se"- up to moaning, thia" tieh si khau sia"; heard
khau c6i the five carcasses are all prepared,
;
the sound of weeping, khau m chut sia"; weep
khan im pronunciation. c{a si tl-ko kai khaa
; noiselessly. kiii phaa sin hau demons moan ;
im ? In what place do they pronounce their and spirits clamor, hai i khaa kau a"-a"-kie;
words in this way ? khda kak h6 clear ; made him cry and scream. mai" pin-tng i
enunciation. khau p3h ho has a pleasant ; khaa do not tease him and make him cry.
;
mode of telling things ; eloquent. khau ktiu iQi ; crying with many tears, khau
khau 125 To question, as candidates
m co"; will not stop the noise of his crying.
327 6' at a competitive examina- To depend upon; to rely on.

khku 175
tioTi ancestors, 327
;
kbku-ciang 1^ kai lak; trust
7
khau mng i k&i cu ;
examine hira in his to your strength. thong ke to si kliku-
lessons. sue khau ;
an examination at which ciang cf kai kfa"; the whole family depend on
candidates for both literary and military this son. ci kai uang khau m cu this person ;
degrees are examined. khue khau ; an ex- is not to be depended upon. chwn khiu cia
amination of candidates for literary degrees.
pho td hua" ke, b6 pat le' chut suk depends ;
tS,i khau ; the triennial examination. i'-keng wholly on this shop for the support of the
khau-ngiam kue ; already examined, do" sla family, and has no other source of income, ifi
khau-chi ; go to the city to the examination. chu c'U gua b6 kai nang h<5 khau besides thia ;
kui° khau the examinations at the District

; one, there is no person to depend upon.
city. hu kliau; the examinations at the De-
•^W 64 To deduct; to discount; a
khiu
partmental city. cong-su khau ; examination
by the Imperial Commissioner. soi" khau ;
IM
khau
332 8 skein.
khau ngS
ray deceased father. leh 16 kai c6 kluiu pf ; p6 narrow cotton cloth.
;
remote ancestors. che-khau to .search out. khau take off five per cent discount.
;
khau-
;
b6 h(5 ki khau; there is no good evidence for it. tA to subtract,

;
soi'-soi" cu khut i khau khi ;
it was deducted by him beforehand, kliau jieh

'JH khau 93 Bounty money to reward khau jieh coi kieh ? How much is to
M 327 10
khuu-sfe" sam kun ; to confer bounties on the
with a treat,
; coi long,
be deducted for commission, and for freight?
cek khku sua"; a skein of thread.
army. raeng khim-che toa much lai khau-
si'e" kuu-sQ command an ambassador to take khau 86 To dry by a fire.
articles
;
and confer largess upon the soldiery. '^

and
327
it.
6 khau
by the fire
hue khua-khna khan
tieh raaug
i ta"; lay it
dry ;
khdu 64 To extort a confession, as

dry it gradually by a slow fire. khau lai ju
327 6
by torture, ta jii h(5 the more thoroughly you dry it the
;
liah khau- miig ; seize and examine hira

pang huang-16 bue cia" h(5 khau put
i lai better. ;
by torture. eng heng khau-phah ko i sai i ; it over the earthen stove when the fire is
charged him with having used private means nearly out, and then it will dry. khau so m ;
of torturing hira to make him confess. sai- it is not dried crisp.

khia-e liah khu khau-phah privately seized
and beat hira to make him confess.
;
^ |~| khau 167 A clasp ;

to clasp.
$ J-l 332 3 cang tang khau lai khû ;
H\*^ khau 80 To cry ;

to wail ;
to weep ; use brass clasps and clasp it.
^'^ 455 7 to bemoan,
i khau mih su ? What is she crying about?
to ttrt khau 30 To strike the bead on the
than kia" than khau crying as he went, mai" ; "I"* 333 ground as in worship,
'2
khau don't cry.
; lu khau cp-ni ? Why do khau than; khau si'u; the ceremony of kneeling
you weep ? khau kau choih cried so hard as ;
and putting the forehead on the ground. sa
to sob. khau kau cham cS,i weeping bitterly, ;
kui kau khau tliau thrice kneeling and nine
;
khku in kheng hiah; would not stop crying. times knocking the head. khau-ki°j to visit
t6" khau; pretend to weep, ai-khau; lament. a superior.
DICTION ART OF THK SWATOW DIALECt. 2if9
— khe" — — khek —
32
khe" A pit ; a giilcb ; a quarry. To attack; to rush upon.
khek 64
323
4 khe" khiun a pit. sua"
;
ceng nang hue c6i kong
395 13
khe"; a ravine. ham khe"; a pitfall. ci tio khek they all met in a body and charged
i
;
khe" ciii chong <i ko lai ? Where does the lu-khek a lieutenant-colonel.
upon him. ;
water of this creek come from ? si chii kS.i
khe" kau ciii long-cong mua"; the creeks and khek 18To carve ; to chisel ; to
ditches are everywhere full to overflowing,
^'J 430 6 sculpture; the eighth part of
cek poi" si kia sua", cek poi" si chim khe"; on a CiiinesG hour, or fifteen minutes ; a little
one hand is a steep hillside, and on the other
while; oppressive; griping,
a deep gorge. lau khe" i"; an ink stone made tio-khek to carve. khek ngo-siang ; carve
;
from a water-worn pebble. hfara-hi'am piiah khek ji engrave letters, khieh khu
images, ;
loll khe"; come near falling into the trench.
khek-in-pho kp khek take it to the engraver ;
cI"-ngU!i chut kho khe"; hardly earned money, and get it engraved, khek kai mia" phien; en-
puah loll ngun khe", toh bo ngun me"; tumbled grave a stamp for stamping the name on visit-
into a silver mine, and did not pick up a bit khek lai in hin is not so cut as to
ing cards. ;
of silver. ju ip khfig khe" cek ie"; a game give a clear impression, si ai" khek cp cha-p6i°,
"
like magic music." thunlihe"; fill
up a pit. a si eng in-p6i" ? Will you use wooden blocks
khe" ciii ki-ki lau ;
the brook gurgles on. for printing it, or will yon use lead type ?
— kheh — ci-hue si sira-mih si-kliek ? What time is ifc
now ? ha,ng si hang khek cu ai" kai want ifc ;
^pL kheh 196 The pie, jackdaw and at exactly the set time. khek e kai kuang-
P»^ 998 8 similar birds,
keng hp me? Are the immediate prospects
kheh-ci'o; the magpie, klieh-cio lai po hi; the
good ? 61-khek bo hiah; incessant, put kue ke
magpie comes to bring good tidings; is a bird cek khek kai kang-hu; there remains only what
of good omen. kheh-ci'o mia"-ke coli tau; the
can be done in a very little while longer, cie"
magpie is skillful in the construction of a nest.
si khek, e si khek the first four quarters, in a
;
kheh 40 A Chinese hour, or the last four. khek-p6h ;

^>|»^ guest a stranger an ; ;
-"^^ 429 alien 6a customer. ;

harrassing. i
khek-poli cS,i ; he is very cross.
u nUng-kheh lai ; a visitor has come. ai" khu
CO nang-kheh
hiah kheh tiara
ho kheh-cheng
am going out to pay a visit,
put
;
he is very hospitable.
;
up, at
te-
an inn. i sim si m
i
kliek
kfii ji sia lai

458
73
2
Crooked
ditties,
in-wn khit-khek
;
tortuous
;
; lyrics
he has written
;
the characters all out of khek lai khek

line.
kheh; a tea-buyer or a guest who is fond of tea.
kheh-hiie ; goods belonging to another person khu winding
; to and khek hph coi khek
fro.
cia" kau after many turns this way and that
placed here on sale, kheh-pang; guest-room, ;
we arrived there. wn-kliek crooked. i kai

nang kheh thia"; a reception room. kheh-
sim cap wn poili khek, m tit; he is very dis-
;
nang; kheh-ke; Hakkas. kheh ue; the Hakka

dialect, kheh cun; a Hakka boat, chia" nang- ingenuous, and not at all straight-forward. i
kheh ; invite company. chui kheh to hasten khek-khek <p iit ; he sleeps all doubled up.
;
a guest in coming. khek chi'a khek kha a deformed arm or foot,

sang kheh accompany a ;
;
mo" khek-khek curly hair. i <p chie khek

guest a short distance when he departs. pue
; ;
he is singing ballads. i kai khek pang h<5

kheh entertain a guest,
; siang kheh ;
traders, ;
kheh ti a trading post. he sings his songs in a pleasant tune. hd

; p tng ciah kheh ; i f
he is a hanger on, mai" .se° kheh than; do not thia" kiie lang-thang khek pleasanter to hear ;
stand upon ceremony make your.self at home, than songs in a provincial dialect.
;
pai kheh; make a call, to si kia" kheh soi" pai

CO kheh ; the latest comer pays the first visit,
— kheng —
ci-hue to hue kheh ; is just now receiving a kheng To assay; to smelt; to test.
9_
guest, sin kheh; a new comer, lau kheh; one 408 11 ci kai si kheng ngun kai
who has been in the place for a long time. iSu 16 ;
this is a furnace for smelting silver. i t(5
hwn kheh one who has long been in foreign

; khui kheng-si-phb; he keeps an assayer's office,
parts, cih kheh ; to welcome a guest. i to si chwn to kheng uang pd kai it is one where ;
cih-tah nang-kheh she is receiving visitors.

; nothing but silver shoes are smelted. kheng-
i kai
hang mien-eng tieh kheh ci"; that firm tieh cap-cok ascertained by assaying it that
;
has no need to borrow money from outsiders. it was wholly pure.

kheng chut lai sa" sia"
300 DICTIONART OP THE STVATOW DIALECT.
ngun t&ng; found by assaying it that

cliifc fita" a time as a half day that he was gone ; he was
it was parts silver to seven of copper,
tlit-ee ce gone more than half a day. cie" coi co-ni cia"
16h 16 khukhengcil raeng-peh; if you put it in kheng cie" tfing ? How can so much as that
the crucible and assay it, you will know just weigh no more than that ? ua thoi" li m
what it is. kheng; I think there is more than that. co
kheng hie" tng? How can it be of only that
26 A noble a lord a high
kheng ; ;
length ? c&i tit kheng no peh k&i ? How caa
407 9' officer, there be so few as two hundred.
peh ok chut kong-kheng; a house of unstained
reputation sends forth noblemen, put hak cfa kb^ng 112 A hemispherical bell.
kong-kheng cu cd ui bu mln, to hAk cia sii mln 409 11 kha kheng; to sound a
(U cd ui kong-kheng; the sons of noblemen, if bell by rapping on it with a stick. kheng-
thoy do not study, become common people, pai a musical triangle, kha kheng-pai play
; ;
while the sons of common

diligent in people, if on a triangle. thia"-ki" kh6ng kheng-kheng-
learning, become noblemen. kheng siang; a kic; heard the sound of bells, ci k6 kheng k4i
grandee, cia" kheng, bio kheng; the president im hd cfti, tiang-tiang-kie this dulcimer gives ;
and the vice president of the four lower courts. forth a very sweet sound, as it twangs. Id ii
khteh ci" kak kheng a b6 ? Did you throw
kheng 118 A round basket with a down some cash by the bell (for the keeper of
479 6 flat bottom and vertical the temple, after worshiping there) ?
sides ;
basket-work.
i pI
kheng.kia° kai nung he is one who
ta" ;
kheng 61 To congratulate ;
to rejoice
does odd jobs. khieh kha kheng Ifti cho ; 409 with,
il^
tfike a basket to put it in. cang ta°-kheng peh kua" hue khu kh^ng-ho all the officials ;
ta° l&i take carrying baskets, and bring it.

; have gone to present their congratulations,
kheng thfiu ; a fish basket. pal t6 kheng- kheng Dgwn-sio to express good wishes on
;
pua" ko boi ; spread out on a basket-work the fifteenth day of the first month, hu jit a-
stall for snle. coi kheng a basket to hold ; si
hdng-tleh chio-thdng kl sin cu b6 c6 hi-kheng
hempen fibers. 6 kheng; a large round basket. k&i 8U if it happen that the day is the an-
;
niversary of an emperor's decease, there are no

180 Willing; voluntary; to
-^»
t~4
kht?ng
324 4 to assent.
rejoicings.
acquiesce ;
m kheng hiah ;
won't cease. m kheng ]&i ; khgng 75 A bracket for a wall lamp.
won't corae. m kheng khut ua ; will not let 408 18 ieng kheng ;
a wall lamp.
me have it. ni cai i kh(^ng m6 do not know ;
whether he is willing. i a-si

kheng lia cu ki" kheng 142 The rainbow.
l&i khui; if he is willing then I will go.
m kheng thia° ua kfii Qe; he never heeds what
i to M.
^ __ 235
khu
"3~ cek
rainbow has disappeared,
tio kheng; a rainbow,
kheng sio lio; the

I say. r)in a-si
kheng siang-sin lia cii hp; it is chut klieng rainbow stays the tem-
toi oh ; a
all right provided you are willing to trust me. pest, kheng cie ; a second rainbow. kheng
i siang kheng ciah
kheng ta"; he is always thang thi"; the rainbow spans the heavens.
ready to eat and to talk. cf ku ue ta' lai cu — khi —
t6ng kheng what you just said is agreeable to
;
my mind. phah si m kheng cio tliough yon ; khi 157 khi-khio ; strange queer ; ;
beat him to death, he will not own it. kheng ^^ ^ 178 10 odd. ci kia" 6U cu khi-khio
CO gu, kia° ui bo loi thua if you are willing ; lio, kti-kiiai lio ;
this is a strange affair, i kai
to do the work of an ox, there is no reason to Qe ta" chut l&i, thia" tieh khi-khi khio-khio ;
fear that you won't have a plow to draw. he speaks very strangely. thoi" tieh khi-
hS.u-se°-kia° ia-si kheng glap-lak kia'-ui b6 khio ; looked very strange.
clah bo cheng if a young fellow is willing to
;
woik hard, there is no reason to fear that he khi 76 To impose upon ; to abuse
will not have food and clothing. 342 ^ when in power,
toa hie" khi-hii sie hie"; a large village op-
kheng 77 To stop at
to rest in ; to be presses a small one. i to kbi-hii lia ; he is
|Lk ;
JiA 66 still ;
only, but. always imposing upon me. cie-se" sit-cSi khi
m kheng; not merely that, kheng poih k&i; m nang thai sIm ; this is certainly a very great
not eight only there were more than eight,
;
imposition. i to si si-si khi-iap nang ; he
kliu m kheng cek kua ku it was not so short ; makes use of his power in intimidating and
DlCTlONARt OP THE SWATOW DlAtECT. 301
pntUng down other people. c\e"-se" cQ si cfa si cf cek khi

they are that sort
ktli ning ;
khi knn ;
this isfailing in duty toward the of people. si ;
it was he who
i soi° khi-hian
khi-lCng; to blackguard. b6 ai- i cu-lai klii t(5 un its luck
sovereign. began the strife. ;
sieh hia-"ti, io bue ta-kfii, hwn ai° khi-leng has been fluctuating. khi pia"; raise troops.
hia'-ti ; does not love his brothers, and what is tng in khi; am not adequate to the task. sle"
still worse, ho wants to dispofisess his brothers khi lai cii khi ; whenever I think of it I am
of their rights, khi-phien ; to cheat. vexed. ko kieh khu khf hue hire porters to ;
take out the cargo. pin cf-kp sia khi; begin

'J-£--k khi 65 Tipped tilted ; not standing ;
here and write on. ciu kia°-jit cp khi; begin
PJX 342 8 evenly on its base. with to-day, and reckon on. iia" cau-khi;
got
i kia" lo than khi-khi he walks with his head i hue
ceng cau-khi; she has not yet
; up late.
on one side. iTi-hp pang khi, tieh pang si- risen. khi lai khia stand up. siu-khf; ;
cia°; do not set it down with the base tilted gather them up and put thera away. khieh
up, set it down squarely. sai kau hie° khi, khi Ifii take it up.
;
hu i khi; help him up.
ii-ko ce tia°, rang phah \6 khu 16 ; if you set it kng m khi cannot carry it.; peh khi khu ;
down tilted in that way, it will tumble over clambered up. kha khio khi lai raise your ;
at the least touch, hin-khek ci khi ciu pue cu foot, kio m khi; cannot pry it up. ci kai ta"
Bi hau-huap ko-ca khi khi kai i-su ; at present khah tTing, lia ta° iTi khi; this burden is too
this sort of wine cup is made on the same heavy, I cannot lift it. cia su .si tl-tiang khi
design as were the tilted vessels of ancient kai ? Who started this ? ham hu kai khi
times. ci kai sie" m-ho pho khi ; do not tip su kai nting lai tell the originator of the dis-
;
this box in lifting it. ai" ta" ia m-hd khi ; turbance to come here, nin ui sim-mih su khi
and do not tilt it sidewise in carrying it. sit vrn-ke ? What is the occasion for your being at
khi-klii, koi"-thaa khi-khi; wing.s and shoulders variance with each other? jih Iph ciii toi i
tilted, ready for a fight. hwn oi phii khi lai; when pres.sed down into
the water, it will again rise to the top. peh khi
khi-khu Irregular, a stony
as khu chiu cang teng; climbed to the top of a
Il^^
U^fJ 342 road uneven tree, ci ki tluo lu sph tit khi a sph r7i khi ? Can
; rough,
;
ham nang khu i kai ki liu khf khu

lo khi-khu tieh pho pe"; the you climb this pillar ?
road very rough, we must call a man to mend
is a bue ? Has he run up his fllag yet ? 16 teng h(5
it. khi-khi khu-khu ; very uneven. khi-khu khi hiie; build a fire in the grate, i to khi chii;
nap-uh full of knolls and holes, as after an
;
he is building a house, ai" khi lau Are am?
inundation. yon going to add a second storey ? i kai chiu
khieh m khi he cannot raise his hand, i kai
;
khi 156 To rise ;

to lift ;
to start; to kha cio"-si nng, cai sin khi; his legs are very m
347 3 begin ;
to build ;
a classifier, weak lately so that they cannot bear his weight,
khi sin ; on a journey, khi be a bue ?
to start cp-ni ci-kai thdi" tit khi, hu-kai thoi" rli khi?
Has the cavalcade set out yet ? khi chi'u Why is it that you esteem that, and despise
phah i ; raised his hand and struck her. ti- this? tie" khi mak khu mo"; lift up your
tiang soi° khi chiu ? began the fray? si Who eyes and look. hi" khio khi lai ; pricked up
ti koi° pho khi hiie ? In what khu
shop did the fire his ears. ai° li tah khi cii ;
if you want
first break out ? khia khi hli ;
and stand,
rise it rush ci-kp khi kau hu-kp ci ;
off at once.
khi lai; get up. khi-siia°; a corrugated mould- from this point to that ; beginning here and
ta" tieh cii nau khi lai
as soon as I
ing, ; ending there, khi-fcoi" khi-soi" si tl-tiang lai?
spoke of he became angry.
it thia" tieh cu Who was the very first one that came ? khi
chie khi lai as soon as he heard it he began to
; cek cp thah ; rear a pagoda. kha b6 lak, ciig
laugh. hai teng hut-jlen cii khi huang eng ;
kai peh m
khi sin my legs have no strength ;
the sea suddenly became tempestuous. khf- and I cannot get upon my feet at all. khi-
chp kai gi-hau in the beginning. ; khi-th&u thau kai si-hau ; in the beginning, khi kang ;
lai vphen he first came.

;
ci kia" su si ti-tiang begin the work. tph jit khi kang ; choose
khi-i ? Who
first stai'ted the idea of doing a lucky day for commencing the work. thio
this ? thoi" tieh cu khi put liang cu sim ; as khi khu ;
thah khi khu
jump up on
it. ;
soon as he saw it his coveteous desires were piled up. khi chii-tdng kp khu the
tin toa ;
excited. khi ku im ciah cue ai" ii cak under ;

creeper has clambered up to the roof. thi-khi
all circumstances moderation in eating and ci kia sti introduce this subject.
; mang khi
drinking is most desirable. ui sim-mih fu lai
pull it up, using both hands.
; kau khi
khi-kien ? By what means was this set going ? khu climb up, using hands and feet.
; thek
khf khu ; go np by treading. p6ih klif lai ; khf toi", bSi en ; sound, it is not
the tooth is
pull it out. thoa klii lai haul ;

it out. che"- decayed at all. khi thak
lang phang ; Ifo ai"
pie kill l&i ; dart up. ; sprout hwt khi lai if you pick your teeth there will be wide spaces
forth. piuh khf cek ki siiu chut lai ; sent between them. khf-ieh ; tooth-powder, khf-
forth a shoot. che''-kliia khi lai ; revive, as sueh ; a tooth-brush. chiu khi; to brush the
after drought. tha," kin' lai ; lay them up. teeth, se" khi pau; has a gum-boil, khi phii-
tio kill Ifii; toss it up. tie kbi lai to rebound, ; phu ; carious gums. khf Ie.l6 ; his teeth are
chin m
khi ; cannot heft it. phbng khf lai ; loose. bo khf lang; lisps. kia° kau hu-hu-
rise, as yeast does. cui khi l&i ; protrude, kie, khf td tie; so frightened that he shook
ceng khf lai ; swell up. tie" khi h\i ; to bloat and his teeth chattered. cwn mn^ ui khf ; a
up. ba khf t;Q kliu bounded up and off. ;
dentist, phah ka-lauh i kai khf ; knocked his
eng ce so cu khi khu when the wave rose we ;
tooth out. ngoih khf ; grate the teeth, khf
rose, piiah tieh i kai sSt, i pue khf ; if you m sng-nng; the teeth set on edge. m cai thivu,
shoot him in the wing, he cannot soar, liii t5 ktli khf thun loh khu; unwittingly swallowed
Lii-kp klif the thunder originates there.

;
i a tooth.
kai cun id khf tcng ; tliat ship is getting up
its anchor. ph&ng mai" liu khah khf do not
hoist the sail too high.
sail
ua sek khf khu khut
throw it up for you to catch.
I will
;
m khf
347
80 To report ; to state ; to make
8 known,
cf k&i n&ng mta'-ke cu-khf ; this person is an
adept in the making out of written reports

liji ;
Iti tio ua cih you toss it up hero and I

khf lai ;
and statements. i kai cu-khi co lai hd c&i ;
will catch it. tui cf-ko lang khf lai poke it ;
bis report is well made out. i si
pat cd kue
here. lA khf lai it up and
up through poke ;
cu-khf su-!a he has been a recording clerk.
;
out. cheng khf lai mount upon, by putting;
Id kai sin min teng kio lia sia "m6ng nang ua"
the hands upon and then springing. pha khf ;" write for me on the outside the letter,
khf be sin ;
mount a horse. i to kQa" ni khf "
the superscription, may you open it in peace."
tOa nfing ka,i rain phue he will never attain
;
khf-m§ng-che' chut Ho ; the morning star has
to anything like his father's reputation. i
risen. l^ng T khf khau ; difficult to speak
chin iiang co-ni khang-kliioh, khang-khieh i in
about. sin th^n teng kio lia s/a keng-khf-cia
khf ; however much his relatives train him,
cii li<5; if you will write the complimentary
they cannot bring him to any good. ce thi-
as it was phrases at the beginning of the letter for me,
phii khf lai lia cu it-tit ; as soon that will do.
spoken of I remembered it. cfa si lu ta° khf
le, via cia" ta"; since you have spoken of it, 9 To dwell ;
to live in.
I will. i khia-khf to tl-k6 ? Where
g
i ai" na
khf 211 The teeth notches.
does she live ? pkng cf-ko khia- '
;
khf he is going to stay here permanently.
;
i
65 hwt khf; to teeth, buo hwt khia-khf to sia° lai ; he lives in the city. hii
khf has not cut his teeth yet. b^khf; the
;
kai tl-hng m(5 khia-khi ; that place is not
teeth of a horse, mang be-khi; to make edging habitable.
be-khi pi°; be-khi hoi"; purslane,
edging.
khi-thia" cia° cai khi-thia" nang ; those who khf 161 How can ? How ? Implying
have toothache can sympathize with one whose %r.> 8~ a negative.
3-46
tooth aches, ku khi the teeth of a saw. khf
; khf ka°; khf ka° khf ka° ? How dare I pre-
ba-ba; khf sa-sa; his teeth project. bk khf; sume to do so ? khf u chu li ? Whence such
tushes, i thau-raln-c6i° bo kai
khf; he has no a rule ?
teeth in front. iSu nang hiie to bo ge-thau-khf;
old people are frequently destitute of grinding
teeth. khieh tio khf; to take out a tooth,
^
^^^ khi349
80
13
Vessels
implements,
;
dishes ;
utensils ;
mang tio khf to extract a tooth. ;

p6 khf ; gekkhi vessels of precious stone,
;
siak khi ;
false teeth. cf choh hue sng cSi, ciah cek

liap pewter ware, chu khi porcelain. hui khi
; ;
khi ciu nng these plums set the teeth on edge,

; earthenware. jio khi ; crockery
made in the
thak khi; to pick the teeth. khi-thak ; a Poyang Lake district. po-li khi glass ware, ;
tooth-pick. sieh-liu khi ; the seeds of the bak khi ; wooden ware. ngH^ ^^^ > silver
pomegranate, khi-ngun; the gums, ci kai khi ware. kim khi ; golden vessels. tang khi ;
khieh chut lai sa" kai kha this tooth which ; brass ware. khi-ku; a utensil. khi-kii coi-
was taken out has three prongs. cii khi se° cia°; the utensils are all in order. kun-cuang
khi thfing decayed teeth have worms in them.
; khi-hai cau ho a hue ? Are the soldiers' equip-
nients all made ready yet ? i rnia°-ke

eng khi-khi tng khu; went off in high dudgeon,
sitn-mih pia" khi; he is expert in the use of all ci-ko krii klii-sip m-hp ; the customs iu vogue
tSii khi rang seng ; a great here are bad. cia" khi ; rectitude. ci le" ieh
military weapons.
vessel is slowly made ; a talented man slowly kui khi-lak toa ; this medicine has great effi-
matures. ci kai nang si'e klii cS,i this person ; cacy, ciah tieh sit c3,i u khi on eating it you ;
has little capacity. mai" khah si'o khi ; do will certainly feel the effect. hueh-khi thio-
not be petty. ci'a si kui khi kai this is one ; hiia, bo pe"; when the circulation i>i as it should
that is of fine capacity. hi'a si m seng khi ; be, there is no ailment. iin hie"-cha lai phek
that one is unfit for the place. ka kau i sgiig tio ue khi ; burn sandal wood as a disinfectant,
jin seng khi teach him till he becomes a man

;
ciah ce liang-ieh lai cheng tio juah khi ; take
and good for something, chang khi ; farming cooling medicine as an antidote to fever, tieh
implements. cie" khi kai raueh ; a complete sia tio i kai u khi cek khi cia° hd the system ;
titeusil ; a valuable object, or refined person. must be depleted and all will then be well,
ci ie" miieh kai khi-bi sim ho the flavour of ;
^^
>Hm<
khi
348
84
^
Fumes or
vapor ascending
from heat acting on mois-
this is delicious. ciah tieh bo khi bo bi ; it
has neither savor nor flavor. ci hue bo mih
ture exhalation
; ;
ether ; breath air ; the vital; sin-khi have not now much vigor,
;
sui si hu-
force or fluid spirit, courage, temper, or feel-
;
jin u kai ciang-hu khi-khai; though she is a
ings of men and animals; influence ; aspect, air; woman, she has a man's strength of will. i
a semi-lunar period. kai khi ngek-phu: ho khu clme sun khi, kang
mai" se° khi do not get vexed, ;
i kai khi-sek khi kai ieh lai ciah ; this does not agree with
ho he has a pleasant countenance. u kai him
;
get some sort of soothing medicine for
:
kaa"-hu kai khi-siang has the air of an official, ; him to take. i kai min thoi" tieh wn khi
;
im iang no khi sun-h\vn bo hiah the primor- ; he looks vexed. ira-khi thai seng too deep ;
dial aura in the dual powers, incessantly circu- darkness, chin thi°-si kai hue bo mih khi-lak ;
lates, ui pe" ia tieh hio ngo un lak khi in ; the fire in cold weather has not much force,
treating diseases one must understand the five khi cheng kin pent up force. i td
; iiang khi
indications of luck, and the six climatic agen- kai st-hau when he is prospering,
;
ci hiie tii-
cies, huang khi climate ; air. hang khi ; ; tii tit tieh se" uang kai khi opportunely hit ;
coldness. su khi heat. sip khi dampness, hau-se" tiang-si, hueh

; ;
upon a favorable time,
chau khi dryness, hue khi caloric,
;
ci hue ; khi cu cang, ni 15u hueh khi cii sue; iu youth
61 sim-mih coih-khi ? What time of the moon the vital forces are strong, in old age they are
is this ? mai" khut tho-khi chong tieh ; weak. ci'-hue kai si-khi, nang coi-coi u ci khi
do not imbibe the miasma. ci kai nang
pe"; at this season this disease prevails. i fl
u ci-khi this is a man of nerve.
;
i kai ci- kai thi-khi kai pe"; he has constipation. loh
khi ngan-ngan he is very resolute. khi si
; ko kie" phek tio i kai cho khi put in a ;
ua siu khi cai I

nang exasperates people.
; ;
piece of ginger-root to obviate the fishy smell,
have been much blamed, siu i kai khi siu ra sia ilo i kaitakkhi; to disinfect. phua i
khu I am not going to allow him to scold, me.
; kai cek khi; disperse the dank odors. khi
mai" kill tieh i do not anger him. liah i lai
; kau hili-hm chwn so angry that he gasps for
;
chut khi take him to vent his spite on. chut

; breath.
khi bo ko khu no way of venting hi.i spite.
;
ci-ko kai khi-hau ca, pi pat ko soi" u cek kai

-ryy^
khi 75 To reject ; to discard to ;
coih-khi the seasons here are early they come

;
:
^^^TV 349 8 renounce; to relinquish; to
a full half month sooner than in other places. abandon to throw off.
;
i kai nang khiin cS,i, thoi" tieh crig kai bo khi khi tio bo ;
to forsake one's mother.
khi tio
meh ; very feeble, and seems to have no
he is kia"; khi tio ke, khu co
abandon one's children,
vitality. lu sit-cS,i ho un khi you are indeed ; hue-sie"; renounce one's domestic relationships,
lucky. khut i khi si khu caused him to die ;
and become a priest. mai" cu pSu cu khi do ;
of vexation. lu sie° oi khi a boi ? Do you not go and throw yourself away. i
i"-keng
think he is vexed about it ? tliia" tieh cii khi ;
khi sia kui cia"; he has already departed from
on hearing it he was vexed, khut i ce khi cii evil and returned to correct ways. khi ku
tho hueh ; as soon as he is vexed, his gorge ngeng sin discard the old and welcome the
;
rises. ce khi hueh cii bu as soon as he is ;

new. khi si leave the world ; to die. phau
;
angry he blurts out his wrath. i kai

ngwn khi; fling away, pun nang khi tio ; cast away,
khi cok cai; his constitution is very strong. sia-khi tio to discard. ;leng-ko sia-khi tio ;
i id iang khi ; he is putting on airs, iang-iang rather fling off the whole thing.
304 DICTIONART Of THB SWATOW DIALECT.
•U*- khi 12 A relative and perRonal pro-

i^
IwiL fabulous animal, like
^^^^"'^" -^
"^V 342 6 noun referring to the person, 't /"^V 344 a piebald horse, with one
place or filing spoken of. horn and a cow's tail.
khi-^ Jhe surplus; what is over; the rest,
;
it phi'n kai bu kua°, i kai
p6-sira cQ si s\u
khi-u kai nang m/n-eng Ifli ; the rest of you khi-lin kaimilitary officials of the first grade
;
need not eome. l^l'i-H ^^'*'' *^*° P^"Pr 'i-^ô; have a unicorn embroidered on the square
whore is tlie surplus to be put? klu-u hwn u patch which ornaments the breast and back
jieh coi ? How much is there of what is left? of their official robes.
khi-lin sfam folding ;
khi-<i kA,i, b6 ta"; he did not speak of any

i doors having carved unicorns as their orna-
besides, khi (I-hnu slm cheng-chdi the place ;
mentation.
is in the best possible order, lu u to khi tang,
lia bo chnp tQ khi tang; you have l)een among
khi 87
Extraordinary; rare ; strange.
them, while I am not of them, khi tang pit ft ^^^
PJ 344 ; marvellous.
6 khl-kiiai
khi-I;
pslt lo"; there
is
certainly an other sort among unusual. cfa cu chut khi Ho ; this is extra-
them. miig khi slang Foi, khi-sit i bo vix ku; cfa sng si kill hdng k&i su this
ordinary, ;
inquired into it very carefully, and found that

he had really done no such thing. khl-sit i si
may be considered an nnusual occurrence, cfa
cfl si khi su this is very strange.
; i kai kht
cie"-se'', pong b6 hie"-se"; in truth it is thus a very odd person.
and not so. cai khi it m cai khi jl; knows the naug; be is
one but not the other. cio'-se" lu khi chu;

that will be the next best way. jht^ khi 118 To pray ;
to invoke aid ; to
345 4 in treat.
)\y\
Tr|J kh! 74 A set time ;
a fixed period ;
a khi-tan ;
to pray. khi h5 ; pray for rain, via
/vj 314 sim kbi-mo" lii ;

si I earnestly hope for your
day agreed on; times, seasons,
8
khi-khiu to beseech.
ieh li-kai jit khi ? What day was agreed u|X)n ? coming, ;
khi i^-kt'i g niiia" li'o the time is up. kau khi

;
a bun? Has the time fixed upon yet arrived ? 125 khi man of sixty ; one who A
kue khi ku-H jit Ho the set time is past by
;
346
should advise others.
. ^ 4
severol days. i ta" hwn-lio bue ki\u khi ; he
jQ kak hie" k&i sin-khl advise the elders in ;
says the time has not yet come. bo tia" khi ; ci kiii hie" u kiii kai khi.Iau
every village.
no fixed time, u kai hftng khi; there is a limit lai ki" kua ; several of the elders from these
tiii khi tiii khi ;
set to the time. just at the
villages came to see the magistrate.
set time. khi ieb cek kai gneh agreed to fix ;
the time at one month. khi boi kue lu kai ;
am not behind time. chut u si-khi to ko; 4i-\Y

khi 142 A small land crab.
notices of the time are issued. put khi ju UtJ^ 343 8 bna-khi pe-khl land crabs,
; ;
hOe met without previous arrangemeiit ; an

;
ci chph pg-khi kfti bl sIm h6; these crabs are of
unexpected interview. i kai ke-khi

jieh kii ? a very fine flavour.
How long is he to wear the cangue ? i < o mih
eu to tt kai tla" khi ; he has a set time for 140 khi cua the horned snake.
khi ;
everything he does. ni-khi kau lio ; the year 346 "16^ khi ilia", a sjMJcies of Ar-
fixed upon is at hand. chun-khi si'a jieh coi ?
temi.sia, from which Chinese moxa, used in
How many years are recorded ? is obtained.
cautery,
khi 113 The god or spirit which
JOi^ 345 4 animates the earth, J-^j khi 61 The dreaded day, when a
buam sok thi" kai sin kie-cp sin, sok tl kai sin iUi> 340 8 friend died ;
the anniversary
kie-co khi, kii-chn kie-cp siu-khi, ia kie-co thi°- of a death.
Bin tl-khi ; all spirits pertaining to the heavens i
kia°-jit cp khi; they keep the anniversary of
are called gods, and all pertaining to the earth a death to-day. si i a-kong kai khi, a i a-
are called divinities; therefore they are called ma kai khi ? Is it the anniversary of their
deities, and are also called gods and goddesses, grandfather's or of their grandmother's death?
tong-kok k&i ci hua|» u sa" khi: c^k klii si thi"- khui i kp pai khi ; go to their house to keep
sin, cek khi si tl-khi, cek khi si nang-kiii the ;
the anniversary of their friend's death. cek
Chinese have three sorts of sacrificial rites, one ni u jieh coi kai khi ? How many annivers-
for the gods of heaven, one for gods of the aries of the deaths of Emperors are there in
land, and one for the spirits of the dead. a year ?
DICTIONARY OF THK 8WAT0W DIALECT. 305
— khi" — khia 128

Elevated; high.
kill" 64 To assail ;
to attack ;
to lay 832 koi"-thau khia-khia; high
"^11
1105
17 hands on. shouldered. koi"-than k{ii°-khia kui"-khia ;
i ku-a nang m ka" khu khi" i he is

li-hiii cSi, ;
chuckle-headed. hi"khia-khm; ears attent ;
very malignant, and even several persons in a to prick up the ears, i hi" khia-khia id
thia";
body dare not go and attack him. hti kai I'ong he is listening with his ears alert, ci ciah kau
cSi lai kau, toa" nang tui i kai hong-coi" cii
: cek me" hi" kliia-khia, leng-ceng cS,i this dog ;
khi" khu; that one is very daring: he came and, keeps his ears pricked up all night, and is very
rushing in single handed, seized him by th» watchful.
breast. sa° nang hvvn-h'o khi" i rn to even ;
three men cannot successfully grapple with him. 187 To bestride ; to ride on to
khia ;
bo nsing ka" khi" i no one dares attack him.

; >^Pj 345
8 sit astride,
toa" nang kia"-ui khi" i tio being alone, m ;
si khia be lai a cp kio lai ? Did
you come on
feared that he could not overcome hira in an horseback or in a sedan chair ? khia cie" be
attack. i oi khut
nang khi" khu a boi ? Was sin cu tieh phau ; if you mount a horse
you
he overpowered by those who fell upon him ? must ride him. i mia"-ke khia sla
;
he is
khi" 64 To expert in shooting at a mark from on horse-
cling to to hang upon. ;
back, khia gu bestride an ox. khia be
;
653 khi" kfn i kai kie-kng ; she
16 i
CO sit astride,
; khia koi be ; ride on one's
clung to the poles of his sedan chair, khi" kie shoulder.
jip tia"; clung to the chair and thus entered
the court, khi" tin holding fast to a creeper,
;
khi" chiu ki grasping a branch and hanging •5t. khia 117 To erect; to set up; to
;
777 8 establish,
on thereby. a-n6" khi" sa"-ku, khi" chiu-ng ;
khia ki to plant khia ki-kua"; to raise
a flag,
children cling to the flaps and sleeves of one's ;
a flag staff. to set up a mast in a

khia ui
tunic. wn kui khi" cek toa tu ; a troup of ;
vessel. khia no ki cieh cek to phun-mo" c6i°;

avenging spirits hang about him. un kiii, wn set two stone candles in front of the grave,
kiii khi" cia" tu a swarm of appeased and
;
khia sim-mih ki ho ? What flag do they fly ?
unappeased ghosts cling around. khia thio ; erect a pillar. khia teng ; raise
ÎX. khi"
167 Forceps; to gripe as with a portal. i khia ko cieh
pi to hu-ko cp ti-
iKll 389 5 forceps. kai ; he set a slab of stone there to mark the
cwn phah cek ki khi°-kia"; had a pair of for- boundary.
ceps made to order. cia tieh khia khi"-kia°
lai koih this must be taken up with forceps,
; khia 32 To hold in the hand, as one
i kai hoi kha khi" boi tit
khi; the crab cannot 47 ¥ holds a rod, or carries an
seize hold on it. m-ho khut hoi kbi" khi lai ;
umbrella.
do not let the crab gripe you. pit tieh khia si-cia° si-cia"; thepen must be
— khia — held straight. cek nang khia to, cek nang
khia chie"; one carried a knife and the other a
khia 37 An odd number.
I^V spear. khia si"; carry a fan. khia kiiai-
nj 344 5 si
sang a si khia ? Is it an ciang carry a cane.
;
even or an odd number ? khia jit mai" thp,

sang jit mai" hai", theng-thSi lia hwt chai li,
cek kai hai" no kai on the odd days of the
month you do not dun, on the even days I do
;
not pay wait till I get rich and then I will

:
m
susceptible of
khia
345
46
4
two
Ambiguous.
sang-khia-be' iie ; language
different interpretations,
i to bp tit-tit ta", to si ta" sang-khia-be ue he ;
pay you double, khia jit a common designa- ;

never speaks in a straight forward way, but
tion of the seventh day after death, when the
always uses language having two meanings.
spirit is supposed to leave the body.
khia 40 meager.
khia-poh ; scrawny ;
khia 117 To stand ; to stop.
163 9 khia-poh, m kSu-
i a-ti se° lai iîS 13 6 khia khui ce ; stand further
tSng ; his younger brother is very scrawny, off. khia khi lai ; get up and stand still,
not plump. i kai
phi" khah khia-poh his ;
khia tit-tit ; stand up straight. khia si-cia"
nose is too peaked. ang-cia no nang se° l&i si-cia"; stand erect. tiam-tiam khia; stand
l<3ng-c6ng khia-khia poh-poh husband and ; perfectly still. khia to cek p6i"; stand on one
wife are both very thin. side. khia to sang poi"; ranged on the two
306 DICTIONARY OF THB EWATOW DIALECT.
Bides. sang poi" kbia ; a

hpli coi nftng 13
— khiak —
great many people were standing on
each side, nirf khiak 26 To decline doing or accept-
kia" si kia", kliia si kh!a if you walk, walk, ^\^ 411
; 5 ing; as an interjection, be-
and if you stand, stand behave properly, ; hold ! oh as an adverb, then.
!
khia m liii it does not stand firmly.

;
khia m i sia ta° "bwn mai° chui-khiak"; he writes
tiie; it won't stand up. khia kau kha sng;
saying, "do not on any account decline". lia
stood till tired, khia iang khf lui stand erect ; kfiu-k\e si cie°-se°, khiak si hie°-se°; 1 thought
and hold up your head. kha thia" boi khia ; it was thus, but behold it was so. khiak m tit
his foot is 80 sore he cannot stand upon it.
n&ng-chSng could not refuse the favour, sxii-
;
b5i khia kii cannot stand long, khia to sua" si lau-t5ng lieh, khiak si cak seng
;
nang cSk
rao" stood on the hill top and
teng si-phi"; kia" ho Ku; although it makes trouble, it really
looked all around. boi c6 b<5i khia can ; forwards a commendable object. khiak-sueh
neither sit nor stand. khia liam 1(5 tang; k6-ca Q cfik kai nftiig —
once upon a time there
stood still and waited. khia liam ce stop a ; was a man — ;
kliiak si iii h6 ? Why so, pray ?

.
moment. khia t5 mng kha 1(5 th6i" nftng ; m kau ci-kp khiak m khu Ho; since the business
stood at the door looking at people. has arrived at this stage, it cannot be put off.
khia 44 To
reside to live in a placê ; ;
— khiam —
437 remain stationary,
6 to Ar* khiam ;
76 To owe
to be ohort of »
i b6 BU, khia-khf t6 chii he has no business ;
y\. 391 deficient in.
requiring his attention and he stays at home. i khiara lia k&i ci"; he is in debt to roe for bor-
m cai i khia-khi t5 ti k6 I do not know where
; rowed money. kh\am lu jieh c5i ? much How
he is staying. i ai° khi mong kd kbia-khi ; does he owe yon ? khiam Q hJlng, put kiie
he is going to a certain place to live. i u tQ
khiam lia kai sio-biie tia"-tia°; owes but little,
hu khia ke a bo ? Has he settled his family nothing more than the balance left after the
there ? i soi"-tiang-8i khia-khf to h6-k6 he ; settlement of my account. khiam kau ci-kp
resided there. b6 kp khia-khi; has lUi kii c&i ; has owed for a long time,
formerly jl-ke b6
no place of abode, to hu-^P kUin, Q ni gua Ho; khueh-khiam no indebtedne.ss on either sid(}.
;
has been there over a year already.

gua khau khiam n6 peh ngun se" sio, cek peh
nguii pho CO have outside (lebts of two hund-
;
[X. khia Upright perpendicular.

1^17 ; red dollars in current accounts, and one hund-
777 8 p^'ig khia, mtii" p^ng sia ; red dollars for rent of shop, cang ci tlo sio lai
set it upright, not inclining, niai" pang khia, tu, cQ b5i khiam i kai ; if this account be taken
pang i ut loh khu ; do not set it upright, lay it as an offset, I owe him nothing. bp thua
down. khiam piia" li; have no outstanding debts what-
khiah — ever, da. si c6i" se" coi" si khiam i kai ce ;
this is a debt that was due in a previous state
khiah 170 A fissure ;
a chink ; a cleft; of existence. ua cek se" nang siang ui khiam
1^ 396 10 a gap ;
an occaiîon or cause nfing kfii ci"; I have all my life had the utmost
for dislike. aversion to getting in debt. cia khiam hp ;
chie" pit Ho l^ng kai khiah t5a-toa kî ; the this is not quite complete. khiam hSng, b6
wall cracked, leaving a wide chink. hu-kp ii thang hai" nang; has liabilities which he ia
cek kai kau khiah to kp, boi tit kue ; there is a unable to meet. si'a khiam no cue tia°-tia";
ditch between, so that we cannot cross over have it all written except two lines, ue la" lai
there, i kio i Q khiah; the two are at variance. khiam raeng-pgh ; the statement lacks clearness,
ua kio i bp chiu bo khiah I have no occasion
; ua bo khiam i kai, a cp ii khiam I do not owe ;
for a quarrel with him. ua cai lu soi°-c6i" kio him, and he on the contrary says that I do.
i u k&i khiah to kp I know that formerly you
;
khiam i no
peh ngun, cang tie" pho-khoi ang t6
were not on good terms with him. thi° kai i kp gave him the deed of a shop as collateral
;
hun Iang khiah there is a rift in the clouds.

; security for a debt of two hundred dollars,
b(5
khang bp khiah no crack nor crevice.
; bp khiam lu u sio-bak ne ? Have you any account
kp Iang khiah there is no opening anywhere, i khiam lio u ni bo gueh
; against him ? he ;
ta' kai nang hu-leng ci'o-cia" cia" ti kai khang-

pays his debts once a year, but no oftener.
khiah cu toa-bp-mueh nang lai to him the ;
ni'n si khiam phah a You need whipping ! !
people of the present time are like dragon fish c^k 61 huang-huh cu khiam-khiam ti'am; in the
and fairy birds, whorever there is a chink they flurry of the moment failed to give the neces-
come in swarms boring their way through, sary attention.
PICTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 307
kliiam 120 To close to seal.

— khiang —
1^
;
383 ~9~ huang khau cu khiara pnt HtC khiang 130 Tlie patois or brogue of a
hu tan tl; it is not allowable to send private aJU^ 365 8 place; affected; pretentious,
i thoi" h'o khiam khaa
letters to the yamun. li
hiang put li khiang ; when one leaves his
bo ngan; after seeing it, he shut his mouth and village he does not leave its mode of speech
never said a word, behind him. ham i mai° i6 cuang khiang;
tell him not to
khiam An official stamp.
167 adopt an affected stylo of speak-
390 khiam-ki a wooden seal,
4 ing, i si td
cuang khiang kai ; he has au
f^!^
~| ;
affected manner of speaking,
nsed by inferior magistrates, such as inspectors
of boats. i kai in si cia° in a si khiam-ki?
-pT* khiang 32 To ring, as a whole dish
Is his seal an official seal conferred by the */ V 315 4 does when tapped,
government, or is it a stamp such as is given kha khiang to sound anything which rings,
;
to subordinate officers ? kha thoi" oi khiang a boi tap it and see whe- ;
ther it will ring. kha tieh khiang-khiang

khiam 167 A necklace.
389 5 khieh ke cek khiam hi'ang, cong boi pit it rings
loudly when ;
il^P IsAi
it is not cracked at all.
loh khu chb poih sek; put in a necklace besides tapped,
to make up a variety in the presents. nge khiang 57 Sturdy brawny; forcible; ;
khiam ; a ring for the neck. i kua kua k?ii
366 8 overbearing,
khiara ; she wore a necklace, also, nng khiam ; i ci-hue
khiang-cang cSi he is now very ;
a lady's necklace. robust. in pi lin keng khiang; they are more
khiam 140 A
viâter plant allied to powerful than we, ci-ko bo lun khiang jiak ;
391 the water lily, here we do not consider whether one is strong
4
khiam-sit the stems, seeds and roots of the or weak. si khiang- t5u a si chiap-chak ? Ia
;
it a highwayman or a thief ? i kai kun-su
Euryale ferox, used in medicine.
hue mkii
khiang boi khiang boi; their soldiery
khiara 9 Sparing ; frugal.
do not resort to intimidation in buying or in
\7*)^ 387 13 m-hp khah khiara ;
do not selling. i cie"-se'' si si-khiang khi-hu naug ;
be too sparing. khiam-siap close- he thus relies on force regardle.'^s of right in
; stingy ;
khiam eng use sparingly, dominating people. i kai
fisted, ; hui-eng se''-cheug kang-
to tieh cak-khiam the expenses must be kept
; khiang, boi jiu-jiak his disposition is arbi-
;
within a moderate limit, i mih su to khiam- trary, not yielding. khiang chxe"; take by
se"; he is very saving in everything. khiam- force. khiang kang rape. khiang khut to
; ;
khiara ne eng u cek kai gueh by using it very ; beg, with threats of violence, a-ti khiang kue
sparingly it will last a month. ci'a su to iTi-ho a-hia"; the younger brother overbears the elder.
khiam, ai° khiam tieh khiara pat su in this it ; — khiap —

will not do to try to save, if retrenchment is
Jf-1 khiap 78
Bad, vicious, evil ; vice.
necessary let it be in something else. i kai
ciah eng to si kbiain-iak khiara-iak ue his ;

^^ 84.4 nang u
ho, u khiap there ;
are both good and bad people. i to in

pat h<5
outlays for food and other necessaries are
always kept at the very lowest figure. ai° khiap he does not know good from evil.
;
hd
khiam tieh khiam tit khi ngi if you would be ;
khiap su, to m chap does not mix himself up
;
in affairs whether proper or disreputable. i

economical, it must be at proper times and in
a reasonable degree. i cu-lai
eng ke kvii°-si°, siang cai hd khiap he clearly discriminates
;
to boi khiam he has been accustomed to between virtue and vice.

;
expend more, and cannot reduce the amount. At khiap Timorous fearful,
61 ;
ai° liab khiara, liah ra loh as for retrenching,
kai sim ui-khiap he is
;
,- , 379 5 i
it is not feasible, i ka-ki ia khiam khu ; he m i sim
;
faint-hearted, khiap, rii ka" cin-coi"; he

cannot stint himself. khiam ciah, tng thang is timorous, and dare not go forward.
ke ; get a household of one's own, by frugality
in the style of living, khiam ciah, pai toa tu ;
— khie —
eat sparingly, in order to lay down big wagers khie To detain illegally.
64
in oi khiam kie° kue thang
-f-^
gambling. to ;
1 RJ 324
8 cu si i td khie lek ; he is
save is better than to earn, khiam khd co levying black-mail. ko i khie sok charge ;
liam ; being frugal enables one to be decent, him with detaining by force what belongs to
khiam phok ; simple in one's habits. another when redeemed. c6-c6 khie-khie,
308 DICTIONART OF THE 8WAT0W DIALECT.
tl'kb c<5 m Reng obstructing the taking away

;
~p/» 64 To gather to pick up.
khieh ;
of this and of but in each case unsuc-

that, tjpl 768
6 khieh raueh-hia'; gather
cessfnl. khie b6 i ch{a ; retain by force, not fuel. i si t<5 th6 § khieh tieh kai, si thau- m
allowing him to redeem his own. khut i khie- khieh nftng kSi ; he picked it up from the
cu to k6 ; illegally held in detention by him. ground, he did not steal it from anybody,
— khie" — tho e khieh tieh p<5, ki" kua" bo thd a treasure ;
picked up from the ground, cannot be demand-

H^ khie" 130 The tnne or air of a ballad ;
ed by the owner even through a magistrate.
dul 365 8 the patois or brogue of a
place,
64
a foreign accent, i bI ta kia" khieh 'J'o take ill one or both
gua kang khie";
khie"; his brogue is that of a Pekingese, i ksli 610
6 hands ; to lay hold of ; to
khie"-tio h(5 cSi he chants admirably.
;
kfti hold in the hand,
khek chie chut lai b6 khie" bo tio ; he sings his mfieh-kia" hhm i khieh lai ; tell him to bring
ballad without tune or time. i 6i chie khnn the things here. khieh khu to take away in ;
khie"; he knows how to chant, lia thia" tieh si the hand. nfn kai pit co-ni khieh ? How do
ji-uang kfii khie", rii st sl-phi k&i khie";

it you hold the pen ? khieh in khi; cannot take
sounded to me like the low and slow, not like it up. khieh khh pun i ; take it and go and
the high, quick style of chanting, i kai khie" give it to him. khieh p^ng ci-ko; bring it
khuii h(5; his tone is good and his diction clear. and put it down here. kliieh chut khu; take
it out. khieh si-cia'; carry it straight, miii'
khie" 62 To beware of ;
to refrain khieh phah td ; don't spill it. nid khieh ka-
3G0 8 from ;
to abstain, l&nh ; don't drop it. cQ-s6i khieh ; take it
sin-se" ta" tieh khie" pui-jQ the doctor says he ; carefully. khieh phiu chiu it sli|)ped out of ;
must abstain from rich food. chiet-io tieh his hand just as he was taking it. khieh phm
khie" huang; it is important that he keep out cQ kha-tio let it fall and broke it. khah toa,
;
of the wind. khie" cfu abstain from wine, ;

khieh bdi tit jtp ;
it is too large and I can't
khie" lah ; refrain from making any noise in put it in. khieh khi khu lau-teng ; carry it
the house during the six days succeeding the up stairs. khieh i cih ; hand it to him. nd
birth of a child. ciah chiu khieh ; take it with both hands, cek
— khieh — ciah ciu khieh c€k kai take one in each hand,
khut nang thau-khieh ; it was slyly taken,
;
•^f-*
khieh 64 To take up in the fingera; mueli 6i khut i khieh khu a b6i? Was anything
4\-§ 034 5 to pick out ;to pick up. taken by him ? lia chin chiu to lu ko khieh ;
tiehkhieh khau; to draw lots; khau khieh tieh I took it from you in my own hands. khieh
tl-tlang? Who was drafted by lot ? i kin-ni sa" lai cheng ; get your jacket and put it on.
khieh tieh ti liap khau ? To what post was he kliic'li te lai ciah ; bring some tea to drink,
assigned by the lot which he drew this year ? chiu khieh-khi; remove your hand. khieh
khi lai ; pick it up. i kai chiu khieh sih-
AjjlL. khieh 9 khieh-si; to adapt one's self mueh ? What has she got in her hand ?
a
IQ 973 8 to the circumstances; to turn
— khien —
thing so that it may pass an obstacle ; to
adjust to the situation. cf tie" chng cie" toa,
K>^khien-khwn Cordisl; hospitable;
tieh khieh-si cia" 6i tit jip since this table ;
rAg, 391 friêndly.
is so large it must be turned according to the khu kau, i slm si khien-khwn on our arrival ;
aperture it has to be carried through, and then he gave us a cordial reception, mai" td khien-
it can be brought in. tieh khieh-si khieh-si kia" khwn don't be ceremonious.
;
i kwn-thSi lu
cia" boi puah must set your steps where the

;
jieh lia kai khfen-khwn, lu kwn- th&i i co-ni
ground offers foothold, then you will not fall. hie" b6 cheng he treats you with great cor-
;
diality, so why do you show

him so little kind-
"j^^ khieh 64 To gather up from different
ness, i kai
chin-chSng sim si hd: khu kau i to
4^^ 913 8 places ;
to collect,
si khien-khien khwn-khwn his ;
friendliness
khieh-sip to
gather together. khieh-sip toa-
b(5 muoh
;
is very delightful when you go
: there he is
collected a great quantity.
; khieh-
hospitality itself.
sip CO cek e gather into one heap.
; i I'o lak,
mTia"-tI-kp khieh-sip he is more diligent, and

; khien 162 To commission ;
to send,
goes everywhere gathering it up. khiep-sip 390 away. 10
pat nang kai, lai co ka-ki kai gather other ; hong chio-thdng che-khfen lai kai one sent
;
people's and make it one's own. by order of the government. khien-sai i khu
tl-ko cu tieh klm he must go wherever he is

i
lu tieh cang hiang-pui-cSa s6i cia" cheng-khih;
;
Bent. khien ke-jin kliu raiig-hau i send a ;

use scented soap to wash it with then it will
servant to inquire after liim. ngi tia" co be clean. cheng-khih sie"; clean looking,
khi'en cue adjudged to be a crime that should
;
piia" ill cheng-khih you have not dusted ib ;
be punished by exile. ciiih ciu sio-khien ce ; clean. ci khi tieh soi" cim-pho tia" soi tit
drink wine to di.ssipato care. cheng-khih ;
this must first be soaked up, then
it will wash off.
khien 149 To blame angrily.

S>^
Pt^ 891 14 a-si ka" jwn co cu pit can
jj^ —1 khih 7 A very little ;
a bit.
thien khfen if one dare act recklessly, he will
; .
796 5 chun cek khih-kia" have
tia°;
surely piovoke the displeasure of Heaveu. only a bo khih-kia"-ni ai" hie°-
little bit left.
coi ci" Wants so much money for that small
!
—1^ kln'en 94 A dog, especially a large khih-kia" much cp hie" kui ? How-
^ V 452
wickedness and
"O
treason.
one it is a metaphor for
;
quantity !
can that little bit of a thing be so

costly ?
be gu ie" koi khien si kie-co lak-thiok ; horses,

khih 121
Defective ; chipped notch-
cows, sheep, fowls, dogs and swine are called ;
the six sorts of domestic animals. 4 448

ed ; broken ; jagged,
khih chui; a hair lip. puah khih khu; the
— khiet — pot has a bit chipped out of it. m-hd kha
khiet 94 Insolent on the rampage. khih do not knock out a bit,
;
;
by hitting it
446 12 chiang-khiet ; unruly fero- ; against something. kbut i cuang khih kp-
cious, i cu cien su mong kok au cu ka° m kia"-ni; he hit and knocked out a little piece,
it
chiang-khiet ; since they were defeated in

a-ce kang lu kS gueh khih, a-ce kang lu kS
battle with that country, they have not been gueh i"; your sister will take you out and amuse
so insolent. tang thai la" hu-ko hue 5u jii- you. kia"-j]t si cap-ngo, gueh hwn-lio c6-ni
khih cek kp-kia° ? To-day is the fifteenth,
keng chiang-khiet since they gained a victory
; vehy
over those people, they have been more obstrep- is it that the moon still lacks a little of being
erous than ever. full ? m-hd tok khih do not splinter it in ;
cutting. no to sie pia", pit u cek to khih ;

khiet 104 A disagreement in the hu- when two knives clash, one of them is sure to
446 10 mors of the system, be nicked, i hia si tok khih to kai; it is hard
i ti u kai khiet pe", m cai si hang khiet, a si enough to turn the edge of a knife. khih
jiet khiet, a si tham khiet, a tio cek kak khu
si khi khiet he ; broke off a corner. ko tl-
;
has spasms, I do not know whether they are hng khih-khih kak-kak the outline of the ;
those caused by cold, or by heat, or whether ground is very irregular, all ins and outs,
they are accompanied by foaming at the mouth, mai" ka kau khih-nih khih-nih do not make ;
or by convulsions. a jagged edge in cutting it.
i/^ khiet 39 One ; only ; orphan-like ;

— khim
""X 377 alone,
76khira
By or from the emperor ;
khiet-jien cek sin left quite alone and friend-
less, i ci hue
;
khiet-jien cek sin chara khu to

^k 401 8 respectfully,
61 le, CO u thang ho hai° nang he is now the khim-che; an imperial commissioner. khim
;
su hang-lim made a member of the Imperial
only one left, friendless and moneyless, and
;
how can he have the wherewith to pay ? Academy by royal grant, pang khim-che khu
che-phoi"; send an ambassador to examine into
khiet 149 and adjudicate. cle"-jit si khim hong kue
Si^C Wily; time-serving; hypo-
pfSJ 446 12 critical, siang ju kai; lately respectfully received the
ci kai nang khui-khiet cS,i ; this is a very imperial mandate. khang-hi ji-tien si khim
treacherous person, i cp su sim si khui-khiet; tia" kai cu Khang Hi's dictionary is one of
;
he acts iu such a way as to gain his ends the books printed by order of the government,
cia bi khim meng
kai kua"; this is one raised
by guile.
rank by imperial command.
— khih — to official nang-
nang to si khim-khim keng-keng i every one ;
khih 85 Clean, clear, pure. honors him. khim cun huang-siang kai ci
l\ 377 12 cheng-khih clean, soi kau ;
khu kia"; act in accordance with the imperial
cheng-cheng khih-khih ; wash it very clean. wishes, khim huam ;
a state prisoner.
\\6 this lute has a finer tone. thia" khim

145 The lapel of a coat,
which ;
^ts kliirn
to distinguish the td-pi; heard the sound of his lute, and fled,
^~J 398 ~T u.sed
had all his
the bosom the kiiim, kiain, cu, sie', siu-sip h<5-hd ;
gentry as the gowned class ; ;

accoutrements ready.
feelings.
kai ai° ka co toa tang a si ka cp khih khitn?
\<x
i)o you want yours cut so as to button under

— khin —
the arm, or half way between the front and khin 169 Light; not heavy; levity;
the left shoulder ? i kio ua si khim hia°-ti ;
407 ~7 lightly; to think lightly of ;
be and I are brothers-in-law. o, lii kio i si
to disesteem ; paltry.
lien-khim Oh, you and he are the husbands of
!
ci kai io khin ;
this is the lighter, ue ta" khin
two sisters are you i kai heng-khim khuah-
lu thoi" nang ta" iie khin sia" soi gu no
!
ce :
:
tak ; he is very large-hearted. ju kak hio"-li khin-khin c6 ; speak lower: you see that other
kai khim-khi kak iiang kak nang iak-sok kia°-
and the elders in each people speak low and gently: be gentle yourself.
ti; order the learned tia b5 th6i"-khini; 1 do not disregard him.
village to keep the young men in subjection.
pkng miieh khin-khin pkng 16h khu,
kia° p6
la tieh khin cf) put iQu c6 slra-mih su 6i khin
:
4?^ khim 64 To clutch to grasp

; by the kha khoih chia li jii-keng h(5, cxi boi, la tieh
jp^ 402 13 collar; to seize, mai" hang-hang tSng-tang plu-pong-kle when ;
khut khim lai ho was seized and brought them down lightly:
you set things down, set
i i ;
here by him. lu a kI kia°-ui khim i ra lai, ham and in walking set your feet down lightly in :
ke cek nftng sie-liu khim ; if you fear that you whatever you do it is better to so move your
cannot seize and bring him, call another man hands and feet that they make no noise, and
to help in arresting him. khim i kili pi°;
still better, if yon do not clatter and bang the
caught him by the queue. khim i kai heng- khin-khin c6 ta" tieh, i cU
things you touch.
kua°-c6i''; seize him by the lapel of
his tutiic.
m hau°; if you speak about it, though ever so
khim soh ; caught hold on a rope. he is displeased, hi" m \\6 khah khin,
gently,
i cu si hi" khah
khin tria" 6i ti-kau go su one ;
\^
4P^
khim
402 13
64 To seize as a hawk does ;
to grasp; to clutch,
should not bo too ready to believe all he hears
if he gives too ready credence to what
he hears
:
liah mua°-ciah su engkhiin ho" lak; in catching it will lead to grave mistakes in
what he does,
a sparrow the skill that would catch a tiger i kai c6-su khah khin-phio plm-chau ; his con-
must be used. khim chak su khlm 6ang in ;
duct is too frivolous and volatile. tieh pua"
seizing rebels, their leador

must be caught, khin cai ce cia" 6i tit kue ; must lade in a i-ather
khim liah ; khim liak ; to arrest. light cargo and
then we can cross. i kai ni
hwn-lio io khin ; he is still rather young, mai"

llf Flying and
khim feathered crea- khin-hut i ; do not treat him with disrespect,
~4~ tures.
402 cia snc si khin khp kai ku; this i.s
a trivial
khim siu ; birds and beasts. khim-cio ; the matter" khin-khio; portable, khin-khin khio-
ci khi nang kio khim siu, it is very light and
feathered tribes. khio, chut raii^ io k5i toa;
bo i such people are not in any way different will be easy to carry when going
and
; portable,
from wild animals. ci khi kia°-ui sx khim-siu khin-hun ; calomel. ci kla" su kwn-hl
out.
kai kia°-ui, m si nang kai kia°-ui this conduct ;
hui khin the;
of this afi"air are of
consequences
is that of a beast, not that of a human being. no slight importance, lu m-hp khah khin siu
chut fai; you should not come abroad with too
khim 96 A Chinese lute; a harpsicord. few extraneous supports to your dignity, kha
g^^ khin, chiu sang agile and
nimble. khin-
^^
thrum
402 8' toa"
the strings of a lute.
khim ;
khim toa" lai h(5

thang khim ;
to
khin phah, mai" phah khah
;
toa lak beat very ;
khim sua"; do not beat with too much force. i

thia° cai ; the lute is well played. lightly,
kai ngiin khah khin his dollars are too light,
khim sua" soi° hua hp lio cia° lai ;
harp-stvings. io khin found by weighing
toa"; first atune the strings of the lute
and then teng tieh ci kia" ;
lu oi phah io-khim a boi ? Do you play that this one is still lighter, ci ta" slang khm;
play, ua kai ceh-jlm
burden is the lightest.
pat cp kue khi m-tng kai
the zithern ? i si this
are rather light,
nang; he is one who has sat on the judge's
io khin; ray responsibilities
choi" li kia teng-sira, mueh khin i tSng
a
poih im khim a music box.
;
bench. ; thang
a thousand miles, is a paltry
khim putjip gu ju ; it is useless to thrum the lamp-wick sent
lute to a bufialo." ci cek ke" khim kai im io thing with a grave meaning.
— kliio — -/f/b khio 88 Pretty; handsome.

khio 154 Destitute, poor, impov- y>>C 369 6 i su'' lui kliio
c?ii; she is
very
697 "4~ erished. pretty. ta-pang khi lai 8it-c3,i khio ;
really
i
cS.p-hHn khio cJli ; he is very destitute, khio very prettily dressed. hi thoi" ci-kî khio a
ke poor people,
;
to nfu kiii kok kliio hue coi, hu-kai khio ? Do you think this or that the
a pii hue coi ? In your honorable country, prettier ? ci-kfii cu khio no This is pretty ! !
which are more numerous, the poor or the se° lai khio-khio ; very pretty.
rich ? i ci-hue khio kue chit sph he is now ;
poorer than the jack of spades.

tieh i poih khio
chit khio tak
the very poor man stumbles
;
^K
;5K^.
An orifice an aperture a
khio
375
116
pore; a hollow ; a cavity;
13
; ;
the heart as the physical organ of thought,

upon one still poorer, khio-khiong kai nang ;
one in extreme poverty, ci pha° khio, m kau khio the nine passages of the body, chit
pha° ;
tio fear poverty only, not difficulty.

;
khio ; the seven orifices of the head. i io soi,
boi khui khio he is rather young, and his

;
|:|^ khio 66 To
tap ; to rap. perceptions are not yet awakened. ci kai sui-
(nlX 373
10 khio ceng, lui ko to rap on ;
si soi, i kai sim-khio ho cSi though this one ;
bells and beat drums. i thai si

nang lio ka- is small his
of comprehension is ex-
power
ki khu khio ko after he had committed the
; cellent, ci ie" ieh oi thong khio kai ieh this ;
murder, he himself went and sounded the sort of medicine is sudorific and sternutatory,
drum. lu ho khu chui khio i ; you go and mak ce thoi" i cu toiig khio; as soon as he sees
hurry hira up by rapping. it he takes in the meaning. ho khio thau ;
having quick perceptions. khi kau chit khio
khio 157 The feet raised, as when chut in so angry that the fumes issued from
;
]^Ci 373 12 all the orifices in his head. i kua si cek khio
sitting.
kha khio-khio; the legs bent up. kliio kha m thong it has one aperture not stopped up
; ;
sai a lame dog.

; he is not altogether stupid, ci cu-ce lai tl kai
a-no°-kia" io u khio ? In this school which of
t=$ khio 189 The position of a steelyard the children is the quickest to understand ?
|pjj 324 beam when the end of the ci kai hua"-hi cie" toa kai, cng kai bo khio bo
short arm is somewhat lower than the end of mio this one who is happily so large, is
;
the long arm. wholly destitute of wit.

chin teng khio ce ; give good weight. teng
khu put kue khio bi ce, cuah li boi; the weight j-njT
khio 29 To act contrai*y to; to oppose.
differs only in that it inclines the beam a little />^ 12t3khio discordant.
2 i cwn
sie ;
more or less, the steelyard weight being at the to kio i sie khio he is intentionally acting
;
in opposition to him. i no
Bame notch, it is not short weight. ci kai nang co su sie-sie
ngun teng tieh chit it pua" li lo khio, chit jl li khio-khio, co cS,i tit seng ; the two are always
10 bi ;
this dollar when weighed inclines the pulling against each other and how can the
beam downward a little at seven mace one and thing be brought to an accomplishment.
a half candareeiis, and inclines the beam up-
ward a little at seven mace two candareens ; it I III khio 32 Turned up at the end; raised
'
is a little over seven mace one and a half '/i^jl2 375 21 or curled above the level ;
candareens, and a little under seven mace two recurved.

candareens. sang than li khio khi lai, tin-tang li nap 16h
khu; the ends turn upward, and the middle is
depressed, like a crescent with the curve down-
khfo 48 Clever handy ingenious
'tjfZ ; ;
^J
;
374 2 skillfully made portable. ; ward, to ce tang, pi° cu khio as soon as his ;
CO chut lai khio cai very ingeniously con-

; belly is full his queue flops (and he is ready
structed, mai" to khio co do not make it ; for anything). cek ki pi" khio cie" thi"; his
too complex. i sim si kiiai-khio
sui si soi, ; queue stands straight upward. i kai
phi" ia
although he is small he is very shrewd. ci Id ie" cai, to-khio khi lai his nose is very savage ;
ho-sua° khin-khfo khin-khio ; this umbrella is looking, and turns up. ce tah cii khio khi
light and well made. s6i-s6i khio-khio ne ;
lai as soon as I stepped on it the other end
;
delicate work showing great mechanical skill. tilted upwai'd. kheh-ciin kai cun-thau ne
ta° kai hok-sek khio cSi, pi soi° m tang ; khio-khio khi lai ; the prow of a Hakka boat
garments are now made with great mechanical is much recurved, i cek ki b'.ie ne khio-khio;
skill, uulike what they were in former times. its tail turns up at the end.
khio 167 To lift up the leg, as when

• — khi'ong —
p^'fFTj 373 T2^ climbing; to raise a limb, ^Pf^ khfoug 61
Apprehensive ; anxious; if it
ciah pa bo su, khio khf kha a bi" ue; after eat- il*i> 422 should be; doubtful whether,
6
ing lie has nothing to do but put his feet up khfong-iii i bo l&i; anxious lest he fail to come,
khfong-pha" ua ai° phah i ; he fears I am
and talk idly. lu kai kha khio-phu ua tlioi"; i
up your foot and let me look at it.

lift i kai
going to give him a whipping. i cp su to
kha-kun tau kau b6i khio-phu; the cords of his si huang-huang khiong-khiong, kia"-ui co ta°;
legs are so stiff that he cannot
raise his feet. she does things in a flurry, fearful that she
c§k ciah kha khio-phu, c6k ciah kha Ip chlang; will do them wrongly. i tliia" tieh sira Ifti
lift one foot, and jump along on the other, cu kia"-khfong; when he heard it he was
lu kai kha m tieh khio-phu i cia" h<5 la ; why frightened, thoi' tSeh i cii khi'ong-ku ; whea
don't you bend up your legs so that he can he saw it be was afraid.
i kai chiu hwn-lio
carry you on his back ?
6i khio-phu ; he can still raise his hands. lu 116 poor ; at
khlong Impoverished ;
kai cSh khio-ph{i; cih tie khio; raise your 420 10 one's wit's end; exhausted;
tongue. chui-lim-phue khio-khf l&i ; pursed to the last degree.
his lips.
up i si
phin-khiong kfti n&ng ; he is a very poor
man. i t6 khiong-kh6 kili sl-hau to bp nang
^W^ khio Bullion paper money.

167 ;
pat i ; when he was needy
and suffering no
^/Js 489 khio-th&u-si ; a small ingot
8 one knew him. i ci-hue khiong k6k he is ;
with a coil on its top. khio-thau-si cang ; a now in the utmost poverty, kh! bi b6 khiong;
Btyle of coiffure, resembling an ingot with a its 6avor is perpetual. b6 khiong-cin; inex-
coil on its top. haustible, khiong kiu t6-li; an exhaustive ex-
lu tieh khiong thoi'
position of the doctrine.
I^Jj khto Elevated ; high
124 to raise ; i kai H si cie"-se" a m si you must make a ;
Tul 374 the head,

"liT
thorough examination whether its principle is
khio sfu phkng mo"; raise the head and gaze thus. i t6 khiong-thii kai si-hau, i ceng kin-
attent. ci kai nang t5 i ko 6ng-c6 khio-chd, ci i when he was in extremity, he rescued
;
to cf-ko cii sng bue tIeh there they consider

; him. cf kai tQ-H cQ khiong m chut; cannot
this man eminent, here we have not yet con- senrch to the botton of this principle, khiong-
sidered him. pf ceng n&ng io chut thoh kai khiin; utterly exhausted, sua" khiong, ciii cin,
kie-co khio-ch(5 ; those who excel others are gi bo l5; headed off on all sides, and with no
called eminent. path open anywhere, khiong hie" phiah ji'ang
the remotest village and most un-
— khiok — kai tl-hng
frequented place.
;
khiong kho, mok tni ; do

mi khiok 78 Distorted; scheming; false; not follow a thief to bay.
Pll 458 ¥ bent.
i kai li khiok; his doctrine is perverted, khiong 142 A
cricket which sings in the
421 ~6^ walls; a species of locust.
hun-plen khiok tit; discriminate between the
crooked and the straight. si hui, khiok tit, jit ce km hang-khiong cu ki-ki-kie ; at dusk,
hereafter you will under- the crickets chirp.
e-jit cu meng-peh ;
stand what is so and what is not so, what is — khip —

wi'ong and what is right, i khi tang pit fi ui-
khiok they certainly have some scheme on
;
khip 120 A grade
a degree in office. ;
hand. khut khiok pressed down so as to be

; 394 4 sim-mih pin khip ? Of
i si
awry. khut-khut khiok-khiok meandering ; ; what grade is he ? kia ke sa° khip promoted ;
distorted .
three grades, cek khip cek khip khua°-khua'
a time,
seng gradually advanced a grade at
;
V5^ khiok 10 To
prevail over; subduing. in-ui go kong su kang khip; degraded on
y^LU 430
6 ua ceng toa pia" khu khiok- account of mistakes in public business, kang
h6k ku-a kai ti-hng ; I have lead troops and khip, thio eng degrade in rank
;
and send else-
recaptured several places. hu kai sia° si where for use.
khi-thau-e khiok-hok kai, bo sim-mih peh se°
hue; that city is newly recovered, and there khip 30 To inhale.
are but few of the people in it. khiok-ke ; 203 4 i kai khi breathe its
khip ;
thrifty. exhalations, khip cek kai khiii tng-tng draw ;

DICTIONAET OF THE SWATOW DIALKCT. 313
in a very lonsf brentli. cek e khip-jip clu

k]\ui things strive for self-mastery and that which
ai" tliia"; when I my breath it hurts
draw in is most important will be attained. pu-kui m
me. cek u cek khip; one exhalation of breath h(5 biiang khiu seek not to gain honor and
;
to one inhalation. riches by unworthy means. mua"-ti-ko khiu,

sin rang hut; entreating the gods everywhere,
m khip 85
T
To draw
head, as doctrine or example.
394
i eong jit huang-huang khip-khip, to si eng
forth; to imbibe ;
to pin-khiu to petition, nang Ip-lo u khiu kau
;
hwn ti, khiu long hwn jok kai ; people often

seek for a high position and get a low one
kang; he gives earnest heed the whole day long, instead, they seek for glory and on the con-
and is very diligent. i co su huang-huang
trary are disgraced. thph nang khu khia
khip-khip, khun-kun cSi he does things heed- ;
chin ; commission some one to intercede with
fully, and is very earnest and attentive. his relations. khiu nang ju thun sa'-chiin-
k'lam ; to entreat people is like swallowing ft
khip 10 Cautious wary solicitous ; ; three inch blade. tho min koi ng, nang min
405 12 le.st a thing miscarry. lang khiu ; to depend on the face of the earth
ki°-tieh ne khip-khip became very apprehen-; for support is easy, to supplicate before the face
sive on seeing it. kia° kau khip-khip; wary of man is hard. put khiu jin need not ask;
through dread. khip-khip, rli ka" tin-tfing ;

anybody for it ; a back-scratcher, i mih su 6i,
dare do nothing, for fear of results. min eng khiu-si n&ng ; he can do all sorts of
— — things and need ask help from none. khiu
khi'u cu khiu sin
pray for the gift of offspring.
; ;
. khi'a 32 Dandruff; scurf; dirt grimed in. pray for long life, cia su m
ho kiang-khiu it ;
is not well to pray for this too importunately.

J^ 330 6 kueh tio i kui o khi'u scrape ;
off <he black scurf, nah-sap kau ci teng chie"

khiu 61 Afraid ; pale and trembling.
teng khiu so dirty^ as to have a layer of scurf
;
formed upon it. thau-khi'u coi cS.i his head ;

539 10 kia" kau khap-khap-khiu ;
ifl covered with dandruff. tieh u sie-sie kdi so frightened that he was white and trembling,
kia" kau khiu boi tit hiah ; quaking with
ciii, hd teng khi'u cia° chiu tit khu; you must
have very hot water and then the layer of dirt fright. chin kau khiu ; shivering with cold,
sieh kau khiu tremblingly careful of.
may be scrubbed off. cia tieh u hwn-kan cia° ;
soi i kai khi'u, tit cheng-khih; in order to wash

this grime off clean, soap must be used. khiu 112 Hard from being underdone.
1108 T^ png khah
khiu, ciah loh ; m
4tt khi 64 To grasp ;
to clutch ;
to the rice too little cooked, I cannot eat it.
is
iV\ 99 9 pinch up. mi tieh sah khiu ce, m

ho" khah ml"; the ver-
khi'n cia ; gather up in a lump by grasping, micelli must be but slightly boiled, do not boil
khi'u kin; clutch tightly, khi'u i kai pi"; clutch it too soft.
his queue,
on his chest.
khiu i kai heng-coi"; clutched him
khiu kin-kin m
— khng —
kheng pang;
clutched him tightly "and would not let go. 119 Chaff; blasted grain; broken
khng
khiu kau lau; i hueh nabbed him so as to make 320 11 grain,
the blood start out. cho-khng the chaff.;
chio ce khng-png khut
koi ciah mix up some food for the fowls,
;
%I^* khiu 85 To
implore, to seek, to aim at. khng-kia"; finely broken grain mingled with
^V 416 2
ai khiu; sadly beg.
khiu earnestly beseech, huam su m-h(5 khah
khun chaff, tu khng; the refuse left after pounding
; rice for the last time.
kho khiu ; nothing should be too peremptorily
demanded. khi-khiu ho-cek pray for rain. ; khng 140 To lay away for safe keep-
Q khiu pit eng the demand brings the supply.
;
950 14 ing ; to store up to put by
;
Bi-sok kai nkng m si khiq mia" cu si khiu carefully ;

to conceal.
II ; common
people, if they are not seeking khng mi"-mi"; put away out of sight. t(5
jfl.
fame are seeking gain. khiu chai ; endeavor khng chang pho khbi cek Ie°; as carefully as
to gain wealth. khia chai boi pit cu tit chai: you would put away the title deeds of fields
khiu kong-mia" boi pit cu tit koug-mia": huam and shops. Iti thoi"
khng u sira-mueh to ;
BU si khiu ka-kl cia" chiet-io if you strive for ; you look and see what there is put away there.
wealth, you are not certain to gain it: if you am-ce° khng ki to to sin teng secretly con- ;
strive for fame you may fail to get it : in all cealed a knife upon his person. khng-pkng
su DICTIONAHT OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
ti-ko ? Where
is it. laid away ? kling u ku-S j
phah n5 kai kho sie lap t5 kp wrought out ;
cun ; put away several bottles of it.

lie lias i
'
two rings interlinked. ci kai kun ai" kiin cek
khng u (oa-bd-raueh ci"; he has a large amount I

kho; am going to trim this skirt all around,
of money laid away. khng to cang teng ;
i kai
ng-kho kiin lio, kiin ke cek kho pi"; hav-
stored in the go-down. lu hd kio lia khng ing trimmed the bottom of her sleeve she laid
hd yon keep it carefully for me.
;
bo kp h<5 on still another circle of braid. hue kho cd° ;
khng I have no place to keep it. hu ciah id

; kho; chunam circles, used in laying up the
Ichhg sim-mueh ? What is ia that cupboard ? sides of wells. kai m/ik-kho &ng-2Lng, si to
i
khau a m
si ? Her
eyes are red, she is crying
khng To exhort; to expostnlate
19 is she not ? i kî mak-kho o-o si sd se" kai,
453with to urge,
18 ; a si ii j)6"? Are the dark circles around his eyes
khng kbi kku i hQo sim tng \ plead with him ; natural, or are they caused by sickness ?
till he clianges his mind, khng \ hua exhort ;
to peace. ci& si klmg si bun these are moral ;

kho 85 Dregs lees ; grounds. ;
exhortations. khng nang toi ci"; urge people 1031 10 t6-kho; te-cl-kho ; a calcB
to contribute money, khng ciu ; urge to take made from tea-seeds from which the oil has
wine. been extracted, used as soap. ceng t(i-c{-kho
— kho — biiafa hd s6i thfiu-m6°; use some pulverized tea-
seed cake for washing the hair, tau-kho the ;
ttj^ kho 80 To call animals.

refuse left after the oil has been expressed from
•J 6221 kho koi call the fowls, kho ;
beans ; (it is used as a fertilizer), hiang-kho ;
kau, kho ngio call the dog and the cat. kho
;
a kind of soap made from fragrant seeds from
i lui ciah; call it to come and
get its food. which the oil has been pressed.
1^ kho 81 A small circle ; a full stop ;

Zlfi^ khd 140
Bitter ; distressing ; hard ;
1^ 451 '8 to punctuate ; to encircle ; a
f^ 436 '5
painful,
hoop, a ring. siu-khd cSi ; very distressing. i cp khu
c&p-
ci ku vie hd phah cak kho ;
mark this sentence hun lau-kho ; he has done it in the most pains-
as a nfn n5 nfing kai ciia-kho
complete verse, taking manner. hd khd, la ? take so Why
tl-tiang ke kho ? Which of you two has the much trouble about it? lu ho khd cie°-se°?
greater number of marks indicating approval, Why do you take so much trouble ? khak-
in his copy-book ? lia thdi" lu kai jl cek khd khak-khd lun hold out
; persevei'O. ;
phien kui k&i kho I see that one page of your

;
against difficulties. khd-lang ; hardship;
writing has several lettera marked as well sin khd slu lang endure trouble and afiliction.
;
written. ci ku ue sit-cSi hd phah pang kho ; i hue

pat slu kiie khd ; he has not yet suffered
this sentence should indeed be marked for its ce slu tieh khd cu cai cue ; when
hardship.
importance. cgng kho ti'am hd a hue have ; he is once in trouble, he will then be aware of
you finished punctuating it ? kho tlo to ; his error. khd mia° kai nang ; one who has
erase, by drawing a circle ai'ound it. ue ksii a hard lot. wn khd mla°; complains of his bit-
kho; draw a circle. ai" kho kau ku a .si ai" ter fate, cia khd mla" kui
this is a miserable
;
tlam kau ku ? Are you going to put a circle or devil. mla° hd boi tiii mia" khd using; one
a dot at the end of each sentence ? cek with a happy lot cannot pair with one whose
kho ne i°-i"; a very perfect circle. i khau fate is hard, ciah tieh khd ; found it bitter in
to thau kho kp after examination his name
; the eating. kai bi khd; it has a bitter taste,
i
was written into the circle with those who khd kau khieh m that I can-
jip chili ; so bitter
stood highest. 16ng-c6ng chut u jieh coi kho? not take it. cf hue kai keug-ngp khd cSi ; his
How many lists of names, written in circles, present circumstances are very grievous,
cia
were issued ? ham kai kho-thang-kai lai kho ;
khd-keng lang tng; this trouble is hard to bear.
call a cooper to come and hoop it. khieh tio
kho lai kho ; take a hoop and hoop it. boi kai kho 145
Trowsers.
chau-kho lai kue cia" boi sie" tieh mueh buy ;
437 cek ie kho; a pair of trowsers.
iO^
a straw hoop for it to stand on, then it won't sa°-kho; clothes, kho-thui ; kho-thau; leggins.
injure other things. i kai
n^ng-ie° toa-toa kho-thiii kho ; trowsers that are tied at the
kho ; he is of immense girth. ai° tok c6 kiii ankle, kho-kueh ; very short trowsers. kha-
kho ; will cut it into several disks, boi i kai kho; pantalets, kha-kho toa; the garters used
tin-tang kho; buy its middle portion, (as of a by bound-footed women. lang tdi khd ; trow-
i kua chiu kho si toa worn by children.
fish). ti-tiang kai ha ? sers open in the seat, lang
For whom does he wear mourning bracelets ? kho ;
overalls. kho klam, ua' khu sdi your ;
trowsers are soiled by long wearing, change small branch to flow on the hither side, khoi
and wash thera. ci kai kho c^ng cliie" kho- cui khfiu the mouth of a stream,
;
ci tio khoi
th&u a boi ? Have these trowsers had the waist- kai ngwn-thfl,ii si to ti-ko ? Where does this
band put on? kho-thau toa a girdle worn to ;
river have its source ? i k3,i cui-sli si lS,i tue
keep the trowsers in place. kho-than long; a khoi cie" poi" ko lai the strongest current;
kua kho kha flows along down this side the river.
girdle attached to trowsers, ; cie"-si
trim the legs of the trowsers. kai khoi bi lai coi cSi there is lately a great
;
quantity of inland rice coming in. khoi

kh6 53 A storehouse, arsenal, raaga- kham ; the banks of the river. bi loh khoi
436 7 zine, or depot, toi dive to the bottom of the river.
;
khoi
ngun kho ;
kho pang a counting
a treasury, ;
teng to phah sua pe ; dredging out a passage
room. chng-kho khang-hu the granaries are ; in the river. ci-ko kai khoi-min io khuah ;
empty, tho kho go-downs, si kho chwn cu
; ; the river is wider here.
a magazine of useful knowledge; a thesaurus,
ngun hwt khu tiu kho he has put his money
;
khoi 18 To shave ;
to trim and dress
into the bank, gu kho; the imperial treasuiy. 884 7 hair,
kun-khi kho; an armory, c\-khi kho a store- ;
ham kai thi-thau-kai lai khoi chiu ; call a bar-
house for sacrificial vessels. hue-ieh kho ; a ber to trim the beard. khoi mak-bai trim ;
powder magazine. ci pang cu khut huang-ti the eyebrows. mai" to khoi, khoi lio jiet-
tui jip kho khii ; this set of books has been thia"; do not shave in a direction contrary to
that in which the hair naturally grows, if yoa
suppressed by order of the emperor.
do it will smart after being shaved. khoi
ijj> kho 140 Cardamom and other spicy thau-mo cut the hair.;
7i2j. 332 11 seeds.

tau kho nek tau-kho nutmegs. chau tau- '^Jj khoi 37 A covenant ; an agreement
kho
;
round cardamoms.
;
;
peh tau-kho white ;

>^ 349 6 intended to be enduring to ;
cardamoms. join ; adopted.

khoi ku documentary evidence. §.ng khoi a
; ;
itr^ kho40 Robbers ; banditti. stamped deed, peh khoi an unstamped deed, ;
~jiSi 332 8 cia sng si chau-kho this one ; sue khoi the official fee for stamping a docu-
;
may be considered a Robin Hood. liu-kho ; ment, chang khoi, chii khoi; the deed for the
an outlaw. hai-kho pirates. ;
hai-kho cu si field, and for the house. lai khu i ko sii khoi
hai-chak ; pirates are sea-robbers. khuah ce going to his house to chat about
;
what happened while we were separated, khoi

kho167 The pivot on which a door
it^^ pe an adopted father, in sie-khoi co ci-mue ;
;
5>C 372 IT turns.

^ they have entered into a compact with each
thih kha-kho tieh kah mng-kha-khu the iron ; other that they v^'ill be sisters. i khoi i co a
pivot on which the door swings must fit the hia°; he is bound to stand in the place of elder
socket in the door sill. brother to him. khoi kai cau-kia"; a daughter
— khoi — adopted by a compact. cia si i kit khoi kai
hia"-ti; this is his brother, adopted by a
khoi 85 ;
A river
a creek ; a rivulet.
covenant. (Relationships thus entered into
3il khoi-ho ; rivers.
10 khoi kaa unwholesome ones)
are frequently .
ci'-ko pun CO no a the stream here branches

;
off into two forks. khoi cui ti", im kau b6 khoi 211 To gnaw.
khoi sua-pa; when the river rises the sand 1080 6 i to khoi he is
tu-kha-pg ;
banks are wholly submerged. i to khoi-ki"

gnawing a pig's foot, kak ko kut khut i khoi;
tie" hu, ngo tieh kai nang khu thio khoi, khut throw him a bone to gnaw.
he was on the margin of the river
i kin tieh
;
fishing with hook and line, when a man came

— khoi" —
along and jumped into the river, and was **H ffl^ khoi" To beat with a hammer
rescued by him. khoi chien cai the stream 102
khoi ciii jieh chim ? How
;
yU,y:t: Hghtiy.
is very shallow. ito khoi"
cp 6i-hue kai khang-khiie he is em- ;
i 6i siu kiie khoi; he can

deep is the river? ployed in making the ornaments that are used
swim across the stream. lu ciah tieh khoi hu upon silk shoes. 6a''-si choli choi-thau co cek
ho a hai hu ho ? Which do you like best, the e khieh khu khu ko khoi"; take the three or
fish from fresh or from salt waters ? four lumps of dough and pound them up to-
pun cek
tio khoi-kia" tiii cie°
p6i° khu sends off a ; gether in the mortar.
— khoili — tIam thia" thdi" kha kui khok yon listen in- ;
and see how many raps there are on the

B^
P^
khoih
600 To
109 The eyes
to perceive,
closed so as not tently
watchman's board.
hfi SI, raSk m
khoih; dead fish do not have khok Inhuman ; tyrannical.
164
their eyes shut, i liie" ca cu khu sf-khoih ;
Ipt 456 7 ci kai kua" tham khok; this

he is thus early abed and asleep he has his ;
ofiicer is avaricious and tyrannical. khok-
eyes shut as if he were dead.
ngiak inhuman, heng-huap cham-khok tlie
^
; ;
khoih 87 Hard pressed between two ; punishment is cruelly severe.

356 4 violently pressed upon,
chi'u khoih tieh got his hand pinched, ni-hd
; ll ^*tV Î'ok-sok To start, to tremble, as an
823 ox at the sight of a lion,
khut mng khoih tieh do not get pinched in
;
kku
J^L
ai" liah khu phoi" cue, thoi" tieh kai ie" cu
the door, khoih kku hueh lau pinched so as ;
to bring the blood, khoih phiu phue; pinched khok-sok ; when he was to be seized and taken
80 as to abrade the skin, raai" sie khoih tieh ;
to trial, he appeared dreadfully frightened,
do not crowd upon each other. khoih bih ; kia" kaa khok-khok sok-sok; livid with fear,
flattened by violent pressure.

pressed olives.
khoih ka''-na
khoih bue p6 dried pressed ;
;
— khong —
plums. ka cia s! khoih i kai cap chut lai to ; y^ 464
I 8
Void vacant.
khong 116 ;
press sugar-cane is to squeeze out its juices. khong-khong ju; entirely

Khoih tlo i k&i siap cap express its acrid juice.
; empty, pue t5 khong tang; soar in the heavens,
kia kku i k&i hun pue t5 pua" khong teng so ;
khoih The pods of legaminoas

140 frightened that he lost all presence of mind,
356 7 plants, pheng khong bo kii, co-ni phah i ? Having no
tftu khoih bean-pods.
;
kin.n! k&i tSu h(5 c&i, reason for so doing, why did you strike him ?
khoih ne pii-pa; the beans are very fine this phah khong khun kai bu oh co; fighting empty
year, the pods are quite full, tau-khoih-khak banded is hard work, chi'e" kku khong-khong;
phak ta Ho hd hia° hiie; pea-pods when dried seized and carried off everything that was
in the sun are good for fuel. b6i pe Ing- there. khong mng; the abstracted class,
khoih-tau buy a handful of string beans.
; Buddhist priests.
h6-lang tau ai" peh jin cha a si kku khoih cha?
Do you want the French beans shelled before /llrtl ny*^ khong-thong Rude; doltish; clown-
frying, or fried in the pod ? ||HJ \X^ 465 ish.
i sui si c\e° toa hwn-Ho mih su khong-khong
khoih 159
Gentle; lightly; gently. th6ng-th6ng although he is large, he is still
ijg^ ;
*tbtl 407 i CO mih su to si khin kha

7 awkward and
ver}' ignorant.
kh6ih chi'u, cQ-s6i cJii; he does everything very
gently, and is exceedingly careful. cfa tieh jti khdng 89 An orifice ; great.
khin kha kh6ih chiu cia" hd cp this can only ;
J Li 465 1 khdng-chich khui phin ;
be done by one who is very gentle and careful. the peacock spreads its tail, i kai mak-khdng
c{a si soi-sfe k(ii mueh, ce m khin kha khoih khnah cSi ; his eyes Ave very large. i iS that
chiu cu miieh tio khu this is a delicate thing,

; khong-cu cu a bd ? Has he read Confucius ?
and any rough handling will spoil it. i khii chue
khdng huang hia"; he has gone in
— khok — search of the brother with the square hole, i.e.
cash, phah kku i chit khong lau hueh ; beat
^
blood,
khok
80 To clear the throat.
5536 khok fl hueh chut lai ; spat
i ce khok-ce-k\e i cu cai ; as soon as he
made the sound of clearing his throat he under-

him till the blood ran from the seven orifices
of his head, khj kku i chit khdng chut in ; so
angry that smoke issued from all the orifices of
his head. i kai min chit khdng se° co cek
stood (the signal agreed upon). phdng ; his features are all huddled together.
m khok
915
A
board with a hole and
75
short handle, used by watch-
5
men to strike the hours.
jjj^ khong
JJC
khu
465
64
~S
To accuse
rulers.
kua^-hxi kp khong-kp; go before the magis-
;
to inform the
khk khok, tng jl khok a bOe ? Has the watch- ti'ate and accuse him. cia sng si bu khong i ;
men sounded the second watch yet ? lia thia°- this probably a false charge against him.
is
ki" sa" khok h^n-lio hue ut I had not yet been ;
niap-khong to trump up a charge against,
;
asleep when the third watch struck, lii tiam-

tl-hng kua" twn m
tit, ciang-lai tieh ti-kka
Bian^-khbng ; if the local magistrate

does not
J^ khp 62 A javelin.
decide the case rightly, it must in the future --^Ni 489 kang khp; shields and spears,
be appealed to a higher court, hi" siang-kliotig kang-klip si khi; civil war ensued. tong
tieh in ci e cek cfing cuk cang khong khi khu, kang-khp ; begin war.
one must
put leng ho wt-khong; in appealing,
carry the case step by step from
the lower to
the higher courts, one cannot appeal directly
to the high officers.
M 149 khp-ci
khp an astringent nut,
~5~ used for the toothache, and
other ailments,
216
tieh eng kho-ci, sia cia" oi tit
cu must take this nut, and then the purging
;
^^ khbng
^^rt 464
116
3
Unoccupied; vacant empty;
void.
;
will cease.
XXnt khp 80 The sound of laughter.

bo kai si-hau khong have no time tin-
oi tit ;
'^'^J 215 ^ chie kau khp-khp-kie, chie
i sai khui khong jieh coi ngun
employed, ;
hp-hp ;
to laugh boisterously.
expended a large amount of money, kho-pang
kai ngun khut i sai kliui-khong khu the ;
~|-| I*
khd 30
May; able; proper; competent.
treasury was emptied by him. khut i sai "J 425
khp u detestable, khphun;
2 ;
khong sa° SJ chng-ngau chek; he used up three abominable. khd nau hatefuh khd iii ; ;
or four bins of paddy, from the public granary. dreadful. khp keng; venerable. khp chie ;
laughable. khp sieh pitiable, khd-lien to ; ;
J^ khong 130 A big forehead. compassionate. khd-i"; allowable. khp-i" cd

651 4^ lai thoi" kai a-khong-than; tit ;
it will do ;
it may be done. sit-cSi khp-
come and see the jester. i se° lai si
a-khong lien ;
it is indeed pitiable, sim si khp-u ;
it is
peh he is a natural clown. se° lai thau ci kai cin-cin klid u

; very disgusting. nang ;
khong-khong is big headed, like one who has

;
this man is
truly despicable. hui tang sio
the rickets. khp ; it is by no means a little thing. ia sX
sie khp kai su ; it is no trifling matter. lia
^^ khong
j^^\ 114
64
24 i
Stupid ; doltish simple. ;
kai nang, thoi" tleh kliong-

li bo klip bp put khp ;
it does not matter to me
which way it is. ua thoi" li kh(5-i° put pit ;
I
khi khong-khi he appears to be but half
;
do not consider it to be absolutely neces.sary.
witted. khong-khoug; very stupid, i
khong khp ho" li hue sin ; whether so or not send a
cai he is very dull,
;
written reply. put khp unsuitable. u put
— khp — khp, bo put kh(5; whether you do or not is not
;
-
khp 140 To annoy by to of much consequence.
^'^ interfering ;
PJ
by criticism.
i mih su khp-khek
215
cSi
5 molest needlessly
he is very exacting
about everything, i kvvn-thai nang to si khp-
;
;
to vex
m^
falling yet ?
To dry up; to run out; to ebb.
85
cui kli(5 a bue ? Is the tide
8
cui khi-thau khp ; the tide has
kho khek-khek he treats people with needless begun to ebb. khp kau tah-tah ; ebb so as to
;
leave the ground bare, lau toa a lau khp ? Is
severity, huam vSU to m ho khp khiu; whatever the tide rising or falling ? khd kau ta lio ; it
be the subject, it is not well to tire people by
is all run out. khd hue li ; not yet run dry.
repeated petitions. khq-ceng me" i ho"; an khp ku-a chieh lio; it has abated by several
inquisitive government is more savage than feet in height. ti" lau a si khd lau ? Is it
a tiger.
flood tide or ebb tide ? sin kam ciu, ciu to cfa-
m
che" khi
khp
423
lai io si
75
6
A large branch
handle,
lara-khp cek mang I awoke
;
a helve
;
;
a ceng toi oi ti" oi khp ; when the gods partake
of the wine, the wine rises and falls in the cup.
khd 82 Unfortunate; not getting on.

and behold it was a dream. hwn lau cun ke +r|f
lai cip khp will still trouble Tour Excellency »^'
J 425 5 kham-khd; a valetudinarian ;
;
to act as middle-man. one always in trouble ; a ne'er-do-well. i ci
kui ni kham-kham khd-khd, b6 cek ni svin ; he

khp a saucepan.
167 A skillet ; has for several years been very unfortunate,
|PJ 489 9 kun
tang khp, jit- coi" kai without a single year of prosperity.
kua ho cu pug, me"-kua ho kha ke", cek mueh
op no mueh eng ; the soldier's brass kettle may khd 181 A classifier of small round
be used in the day time for cooking rice, and _ . 425 8 objects,
in the night for
sounding the watch, one article i tit tiehcek khd me" meng cu he gained a ;
answering two purposes. a gem that sparkles in the dark.

318 nCTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
^ ro^ klio 167 Bullion paper representing khu 158 The body, the
person.
;
jn
J/^C 489 8 bullion, IM 443 kai sin-khu lo kui'-toa;
11 i
boi cbph ngiin-cua lai cih kbo buy some gilt ;

he is rather tall and stout. i kai sin-khu I'o
paper and fold it so as to represent bullion, 6i 86i ; he is rather short and small.
khp-tbau-si a small ingot witb a coil on
;
its top.
khu 23 To assign a place for.
— kbob — 442 9 lia cu u kbu-chu ; I have a
good plan for it.
khu-piet m§ng-peh ; dis-
khph 80 To cough
order to get in
criminate clearly.
nt 429 9 something out of the throat.
jwn klipb, khoh m chut ; however much I
Pro* khu 167 To sit on the heels to squat.
cough, I can't cough it up. ;
Jr-^ 1021 12 khu Iph khu, t6h khi lai;

kbph 10 Solicitous lest a thing mis- s(|uat
down and pick it up. i khu id hii-
405 cautious ; fearful,

12 carry ; kp, tang i ; he is squatting there waiting
cek kia" su khoh-kbph-sih ; is very solicitous for him.
about this matter. kia° kkn khph-kh6h-8ih ;
in an agony of fear. Lit 184 A mortar a socket.
khu ;
— kha — |—I 414 cfa bi si ceng hue khfl k&i

a si ceng cieh khQ kai was this rice pounded ;
fi||p
khu 187 To drive on; to urge; to in a chunan mortar or in a stone mortar ?
i»^|HH 443 11 force; to lash on. khQ 66i cheng-kliih Ho khut i la ua° ce ai" :
khu tok mut ; to dispel noxious influences,

sia" ceng kue ; wash the mortar clean and let it dry
li-tiang khu-sai Hi lai ? Who urged you into in the air after a little while I am going to
:
coming ? khu pia" coi°-ein ; urge the troops pound up the ingredients for a cake. khtt-
forward. khu kau i m ka" lfl.i ; worked upon ki'a"; a small mortar. ieh-khQ a mortar for ;
his fears so that he did not come. i Qi khu

triturating medicines. ci kai mng-kha-khti
sin blah kiii he can animate the gods, and
;
lleh Qa°; the socket in which this door turns
detain the demons. khu cek kai kui chut lai must be renewed, hu ki kbu-kiV-thui lu-ki"-
tong-tiiei; forced a demon to come out and khu the pestle to this little mortar is missing,
;
attend upon him. khu huang; expel the kha kut puah chut khu he fell and dislocated ;
wind, khu sip ; expel bad humors. his thigh bone, i kdi chiu cp-ni 6i chut khu ?
How did he dislocate his shoulder joint ? nin

J-LL kha 82 A classi6er of parcels of land. cek u jieh coi kha bi ? How many mor-
jit sio
JJL 416 ~5 cek khu chang ; a field. ci tars full of rice do you consume in a day ?
cek khu bng cu khuah ; this garden plot is
thang-iu-hue khu a mortar used in making
;
wide, ci khu ti tng nang u no sa° khu khuah;

putty. su to m kui khu ; the matter does not
this piece of ground is three or four times as take a manageable shape. ci kSi tui in kah ci
wide as theirs, in ci-kp kai chang-khu io oih; kai khu this pounder does not fit this mortar,
;
their fields here are narrower, kek piah khu ; cp cek khu khah ti", tieh cp n6 khu ceng there ;
the adjoining lot. i no

nang i6 teh kha-khu ; is too much for one pounding, you must make
the two are playing draughts. two of it. mng-t6i° khu sockets in a door- ;
sill, for bars to stand in.
m
detain.
khu
438
64
5
To
bigoted
restrain ; to moderate ;
; to grasp so as to
,
— khua —
put khu ke cie to bp whether more or less is
;
khua
149 To boast to brag con- ; ;
no matter. lii khu toa soi ua 468 6 ceited.

long-cong ai";
whether large or small I want all of them, khua-kbau boastful. mih su m-bp khah cu
;
raien khu tia° ti cek jit need not fix any ;

khua one should not laud himself too much in
;
particular day. mai" khu loi-sio do not be ; anything, i khua-ciang i kau hi'a cia° 6i ; he
formal. i kai
nang khab kbu-cip he is too ;
extoled his being so upright and able. tie
set in bis own way. cp su khah kbu-ni acts ;
ta° chut lai khah khua ; the style in which he
too willfully. ce bp nang khu-sok cu theng talks is too grandiloquent. lia tbia" tieh i
cp whenever be is without some one to restain

;
kai ue khiam-khua khiam-khua ne ; I thought
him he acts recklessly. thek cbe khu kiu ;
bis manner of speaking both modest and self-
send constables to seize and examine. respectful.
DICTIONART OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 319
— khua' —
B^
J}^ 468
kbua 130 The
khia be cu tieh fi khna lak
6
thigliH.
;
khua" 40 Slowly; leisurely; gently;
in riding on horseback one needs strength of 477 12 easy,
thigh. ai" lien kau u khua lak si co-ni lien ? tsiug lu khua"-khua° cp; await your leisurely
If one wishes to develop strength of thigh, in action. khua"-khua° kia" walk quietly on. ;
what way should he exercise ? khua" se-su ease off a little.

; li khua" ce,
mai" li khah me"; do it gently, do not be too

/sl khua 9 To depend upon for safety hasty in setting it right. khua"- khua" ta";
IRJ 279 or help. 8 tell it slowly. m tieh khua"-khua" ta", mai"
i si khua ti-tiang kai si ? On whose influence li-kwn Jiang why don't you say what yoa
;
does he rely ? khua pat nang kai si 11 bo eng; have to say in an easy way, and not keep
it is of no use to trust to the influence of any screaming ? i kai
nang khua" sim khua" se",
one else. khua i kai si to ci gua j\vn co ;
un-jiu cai; she is a person of very easy disposi-
relying on his influence, he acts in a disorderly tion, and exceedingly gentle. h(5 khua" kai cu
manner when out here. ua bo lak ho khut khua", ho kin kai cu kin; let that go which may
nang khua ; I have no power for people to well be deferred, and press forward that which
ni'n ai'' khiia lia kai si li
take advantage of. ought to be hastened on. i kai khek chie lai ii
mai" lai ; if you are going to depend upon my khua" u kin he sings some parts of the ballad
;
influence then do not come. slowly, and some parts rapidly, lu khua"-khua°
sie"; you think it over at your leisure. khua"-
JHp?l
khua
J37 To run aground. khua" oh, kii cu pat keep on at a slow steady
;
'Jj^C 1022 7 cun khua sua; the boat

pace in learning it, and after awhile you will
grounded on a sandbank, cun kia" kau hu-ko know it. khua"-khua° ciah take your time ;
khua chien having gone thus far, the boat

; in eating. m
khua" ce, mai" hiong-hiong
tieh
grounded in the shallows, khua to cieh teng; huh -huh why should you not take your time
;
ran upon the rocks. cun khua tieh the boat ; for it, and not be iu such a flurry.
is aground. ci'-ko khah chi'en, klu'ong-ai
khua; it is too shallow here, there is danger khua" 40 Lax; loose; large; spacious;
of running aground. oi khua tieh, tieh loh 477 12 too relax; to widen,
khu leng if aground, wo must get overboard
;
pak khua" ce, mai" pak khah kin tie it loosely, ;
and push. do not tie it too tightly. ci sang 6i khah

khua"; these shoes are too large for me. juah
m
.
l^
khua
467 a snare
122
6
An impediment;
khua-go to hinder, as a snag stops a sailing

;
;
to fall into
to hinder.
thi"-si bueh tieh khua" ce cia" koi cheng
hot weather the hose must be rather large,
then they are easily put on. khut lu kua li io
in ;
boat, in-ni kong su khua-go ti-kau sia jIm it hangs more

khiia", khut lia kiia li io kin
i ;
;
he was so ill at ease in his public work that he
loosely upon you than upon me. ci kai giia
resigned his office. khua-gai; impeded by lia" khua" cSi, ho phak chek ; this outer area
obstacles. cie"-se" ti-kau khua-gai tieh ; was is very roomy, and suitable for drying paddy,
in this way biought to a standstill.
pak khah khua" khut i cau khu tied him too ;
loosel}^ and he escaped. cie"-se" khah khiia",

,^|±r khua 16 To lean on heavily for snp- tieh lai ci" i kin ce that is too loose, it must
;
JXj. 700 6 made cek e kii cii lok-

port. be tighter by a wedge,
khua to chng teng lean on the table. ;
bo-ko lok khua"; as time passes, it gradually becomes
ho khua chiu have nothing to rest the hand
; looser, cheng kii cu khiia"; it grows looser in
upon. i kai chi'u khua to lang-kang ko he ; the wearing. ci sang ia boi khah khiia", ia
was leaning on the balustrade. ci ko lang- boi khah kin, tii-tii kah this pair is neither;
kang lauh-hauh, m ho ham sin khiia loh khu ; too loo.se nor too tight, but exactly the right
this railing is old and shaky, you must not size. hu kai ti-hng io khua"-cheng that ;
lean your whole weight upon it.

space is the more roomy. sob pang khiia" ce ;
pay out a little more rope.

^fcl-
khua Anxious64 in suspense to ; ;
J^5 467 hang upon, 8 khiia" To discover by divination.

109
khua-lu anxious and ti'oubled.
;
lia khiia sim 316 4
khiia" mia"; to tell for-
cai;
I am very anxious about it. khiia ho a ; tunes, kai mia" eng khiia" jieh coi ci"P How
label attached, ci ki kun si ti-tiang khua-siie ? much must one pay for having his fortune
Who acts as commander-in-chief of this army ? told ? khiia" su ; to find ont things by divina-
tioH. kliua" tleh rn hd ; discovered by divina- klmai-i c5i ;

this affair has come about in a
tion that it was unlucky, i kai niia" khua" \ki very satisfactory way. ci kai ui-cliu sira si
tieli cSi ; his fate was very accurately foretold, liang-khiiai; this place is delightfully cool,
i khua" tit chut i soi-soi cQ b6 a-pe a khua" m song-khuai ; comfortable; easy and contented,
chut? Did he divine that she was fatherless i mih-su to si
song-song khiiai-khtiai, boi khu-
from infancy, or not ? hwn lau sin-se" lu kio thi ; everything goes smootlily with him, and
lia cai khua*" ce ;
will trouble you, Sir, to make he has nothing to bother hhn. sin-cie" ili
another effort to divine my
fate ? song-khuai; is quite unwell, cek si cu khiiai;
a moment's pleasuie. i id tng be-kliiiai he ;
idt khna" 61 Pleasure. is a thief detector in a magistrate's office,

471 ~4 kliua"-uah ; at ease, com- khiiai-pang; thief-catchers. khuai cun; a
fortable. khua"-khua'' uah-uah without ; fast boat, khuai hia; military boots, thiang
hardship of any sort, kang-kho co, khua"-uah khuai ; keen. ik" lai thiang- khiiai c&i ; very
ciah work hard, and eat comfortably.
;
tu-hd
sharply said.
tham khua"-uah one should not covet ;
ease.
— khuah — khiiai
485
18 To cut off, to amputate, to
18 decollate ; to cut in two.
169 Wide ; largo khiiai-cu-sfu an executioner, i si siang mia°-
R^
|<pj
khuah
493 9 extensive,
; broad ; liberal j
;
ke kai khijai-cu-sin, cek hue 5i thai kui peh

ai" CO jieh khuah ? How wide do you want it nftng, c6k nfing cek e Ip he is a very expert
;
made ? cia khuah kue hi'a;

this is wider than headsman, and can decapitate several hundred
that, khah khuah too wide. ai co io khnah ;
men at one time, with one stroke of the knife
se-su want it made a little wider.
I ci kai to each.
;
khuah this one is the widest.

;
khuah-khuah — kbnak —
toa-toa capacious. i kai chij lu chim lu
; khuak 64 To stretch a thing till it
khuah his house is both wide and long,
; 493 15 becomes large,
khuah chili a big mouth, chiii khuah-khuah,
; to expand. chui-khuak to
kliuak-chong ; ;
chiu no phuah a large mouth with two tufts ; dilate upon.
of moustache over it. chiii peh khuah open ; — khuang —
your mouth wide, i kai sim-heng khui-khuah; 169 A
Lis ideas are liberal. cf-k5 fo khui-khuah, khnang frame, or casing.
hu-ko khak ak-sak it more 479 6
miig-khuang tlie casing
airy here, there
;
;
is
of a door. kia° khuang; a picture fmme. cieh
one is too closely shut in. i kai mak-khang
khuah c5i ;
his eyes are very large. khwn- mng-tau-khuang; a stone door-frame.
khuah cfa ue ta" khu khah u-
; spacious. /kS khuang 9^
To subvert ;
to waste.
khuah khuah si
;
this language is too vague.
jieh coi chieh, Ing si jieh coi chieh ? What is
1^ 408 11 ti-kku khuang ke; to bring
about the overthrow of a family, i kliut ci kai
its width and length, reckoned in feet ? khia
kia"-tl, jd kau khuang ke tong sang; the family
ki chieh khu nie thoi" jiuh khuah ; take a foot-
was impoverished by this son's squandering of
rule and go and measure it and see how wide its substance. i kai ke cu si khut i hai kaa
it is. khuah ng sa"; a wide sleeved gown,
fim-nia tieh leng-ua" lie khuah ce cut the col- khuang khu; their family has been impover-
;
ished by him. chii khuang-td khu; the house
lar a little wider than before, khuah kue kak- has fallen in ruins, khuang sia" khuang kok ;
tie"-po broader than a parade ground. nS,ng-
;
subvert the city and overturn the empire.
min khuah, kho-kha lib ; with an extensive
acquaintance, one wears split trowsers. su

1^1 khnang 81 A pen ;
a coop; a circle ; a
khoi khuah talk about what happened while 451
;
|J^ 8 ring-
we were separated. sim-heng khuah-tak; a liah tieh no
a quail pen.
ang-cun khuang;
noble and generous nature. ciah peh-mak-khuang caught two of the birds
;
— khiiai — which have a ring of white around their eyes,

lai khu cio khuang teng thoi" nang phah cio ;
khuai 61 Glad ;
cheerful ; pleasure ; let us go to the cock-pit and see the fighting,
*jît.
I^V 4 471
alacrity; rapid prompt, ; thio m chut khuang; cannot jump over the
klmai-lak; in good spirits, ciu-jit to si khuai- boundary of the cock-pit. phah su kai cii pue
khuai lak-lak, mien hwn-ld ; is as happy as the chut khuang; the one beaten in the fight flies
day is long, and has no occasion for sorrow, out of the pen. cek khuang ang-aug ceng khi
khuai-i ; delightsome. ci kla° su co khu lai ; a red circle swelled up.
khiiarg 181 An instant; a moment; kbuang 72 Vacant ; empty; waste; ex-

422 ~2 just now. Rro
(M 480 15 tensive,
khuang-khek bo li ; were not separated for a kbong-kbong kbuang-kbuang; waste and void,
moment, khuang-kbek cu kang cu 6i bwt ge u-gua bwn chun cek ko khuang tl kbuah-
bwt bieb, kbui bue, kit ci; in an instant of kbuah; there remains besides an extensive piece
time it buds, puts fortb leaves, blossoms and of unoccupied ground. hang l&i tl cdk k9.i
bears fruit. kbiiang tia"; in this alley there is a wide vacant
area, kbuang tia" ciu ui u it ji cap ke around ;
Bt| kbuang 154 To confer, as a largess or this waste space are ten or twenty houses,
^/L 254 6 bounty,

with families dwelling in them.
tbien kbuang; the airing clothes festival, on
)x khuang 94
Mad; insane; raving; wild.
the 6tb of the 6tb moon. ai° eng co kbuang |t
Bgi, a si ai" lob co kau kbuang? Shall I ngp tieh cek ciah kbuang
4
speak of it as "a suitable present" or as

kfiu jvvn pui came across a rabid dog barking
;
"a ? furiously. i cp su
khuang-biiang c5i ; he acts
generous gift" in a very eccentric manner. ta" ue mai"
"pCI kbijang 7 Furthermore ;

moreover ; a kbuang-kbuang buang-buang tbeng ta"; do not
talk in that extravagant and incoherent way.
îj 2u4 5 time ;
a period,
ciu ce lob to cu kbuang as soon as he swallows
ho kbuang si lu How ! much the more since it ;
i si bwt
liquor he becomes crazed. kbuang,
is you kbuang kiam
! i iu i7i to and besides
;
m-bd kbu cbai i be is out of bis head, pay no
all that, be is not at home, kbuang-cbia" tbi"
;
attention to him. i kai su-se°

kbuang cS,i ho
Iu lob bo, co-ni bo kbu ? And in addition to all ;
is very rash and headstrong, kbuang-kbuang

that, it rains, so bow can we go ? kbuang-iu li-li eng; go ahead and use without
nl lau ; moreover be is advanced in years, bo judgment,
kbuang si cie°-se°; and bow much the more khuang huang me" ho furious gusts and driv-
;
ing rain.
since it is thus, keng kbuang cai-se"? How go
the times with you ? cie^-si kai keng-kbiiang
ho me ? Do the times go well with you lately ?
/^B kbiiang _9^
Aslant ; falling ;
inclined.
I ^>> 408 11 kbuang-kbuang-lp; upset;
cfi-lai ksii keng kbuang to m h(5, ta° cia" ciam-
subverted. i kui nang pe° kau kbiiang-
ciam bp heretofore the times have gone ill
kbiiang-tp; they are all prostrated with disease,
;
with me, now they are gradually improving.

in-ui CO ku bo, cbpb cbii eng kai khiiang-
kbiiang-tp ; on account of the long continued
^kbuang The vault or pit under a
32
rain, tbe houses are all tumbling down.
480 tomb a solitude,
15
liu cek kai khiaang dig a grave. ;
chwn
;
— khue —
kbuang make a vault for a coflBn.
;
ci khau
khue 82 A clay crucible used by
Xin^
phun bu toi si sang kbiiang kai this grave ;
XWi 489 goldsmiths,
has within it two vaults for coffins. ku ni bo 9^
khue-ki'a" eng wn ho, tieh kbu boi ke cbpb
siu-sip, kai kbuang thap lob kbu it has not ;
khue-kia" pang-kp tbe crucibles are all used
;
been repaired for many years, and the vault
up, we must go and buy some more of them to
bas caved in. kbuang toi kai mueb f-Q-li bp, have on band. bii cbpb ngun mng khut ua
kiu cia" bp lob kbuang after all things are ;
kbieb lob khue-kia" ie° kliu I have put that ;
arranged in the vault, the coffin may then be silver into the crucible and melted it up.
lowered into it. khuang-ia ; a desert; a
wilderness. khue 115 Rank
gradation, series ; to
;
424 4 estimate to prac-

class, to ;
kbiiang 94 Imprudent; extravagant; tice, as in medicine ; literary examinations,

479 4 rasb. for the two lower degrees,
i kai cbiu-th9,a cSi ; he is very free-
kbuang khue-kbau khau wn cii hue se khau khue-ku,
banded, i kai chiu-tbau kbuang kui°-s]°, khue-k^ siu wn en, cie" kia" hok-ci ; the exam-
mib su to si kbuang-kbuang h'-kwn eai ; he is inations for the fiist degree having been passed
accustomed to be free-handed, and on all through in their order, one repairs to the pro-
occasions he spends rashly and extravagantly, vincial city for examination for the second
ci kai eng ci° li khab
kbuang, ci kai eng ci" li degree, and having passed that he goes to the
khab siap; the one uses money too imprudently, capital to return thanks for the imperial favor,
^bile the other is too close-fisted. thau ni si site khau, toi" ji ni si khue-khaa ;
thefirst year is the examination for both civil khue 149 ;

To play with
to laugh at ;
and military candidates, and the second year f*^ 487 to ridicule,
6
is the examination for civil degrees only. hii cia si id ta" khue-hai kai ue ; this is a jest.
kiii nl in-ui kak chu hwn-lwu bo khui klme ; mai° id khue-hai ; do not jibe and jeer. i cb
daring those years, no examinations wore held, to m
tiain-tlam cO, to u hua" kai khue-kai ; he
on account of there being revolts everywhere, does not keep steadily at his work, but is all
pang-khue the business department of the
; the time making sport. ta" ue to si khue-
yamun. i si khue mak chut sin he rose ; khue ha,i-hai, hai nSng chie boi tit hiali he
;
si cia" khue teng

through his scholarship. i is always jesting, and making people laugh.
kai a si un khue teng kai ? Did ho get his
at an extra
degree of kî-jln at the regular, or khne 61 To enlarge; to magnify.
examination ? i si khue kah chut sin, a d 487 ^
khue-hok ti-e recovered ;
kien pang chut sin ? Did he get his office by the whole land (as from rebels). lia ceng toa
hu k&i si tl cek khue
merit or by purchase ? pia" kio cliio-tljeng khue-hok coi 8ia°-ti ; I
kai ne? At what examination did ho get his have lead the troops and recovered many cities
degree? cIo" khue the late examination,
; for the government.
lak khue ; the six bureaus which manage in-
ternal affairs in the Imperial city, khue nil; a khue A
helmet, a casque, a
103
hamper carried by students into the examina- 487 defense for the head,
"cT
tions, khue-tio" kuu 16 the examinations are
; cheng kQa khue kah wear both helmet and ;
khue tSi"; grades of scholar- i to khui thû-khae

near at hand. cuirass. pho ; he keeps
ci kai .si ui iSi-khue, a shop for the sale of helmets. tin-thai cek
ship; literary degrees.
hii kai si ui gua-khue ; this one treats internal kii thû-khue cien-kak ngia c&i the brigadier
diseases, and that one treats skin diseases, ci general's helmet and armor are very beautiful,
k9.i si sin khue c6-ngwn ; this is the senior khue-kah chi°-mdDg armor newly burnished. ;
wrangler of the late examination. i li ceng
Dgan khue, i li ceng hu khue; this one is an 149 An exercise a task what
khue ; ;
eye doctor, and that one treats female disoasea. i*

p/^ 425
8 comes in order to essay ; ;
hu kai li mia°.ke ui sio ji khne ; that one is to see what the issue will be ; literary pursuita^
skillful in the treatment of children's diseases, to levy taxes.
ci kai toa° ui cek ie° cu khue this one is a ;
kia'-jit tiii khue khi, da ki' l&i co khue;
treating only small pox. u cSk is time for writing essays,
the set
specialist, to-day
khue c\u-iu khue, nang k\e-cp cok-iu khue kai: and I am going to prepare one. nan cua*
ci-ko u nftng oi a b6 ? There is a medical nftng lai hue khiie let us all compete in
;
practice which consists in writing

and burning writing essays. hQe khiie lio, kai khue bua
charms, and people call it the practice of hi" tl-tiang th6i° ? After completing the
khut
cursing or blessing: is there such a practitioner essays, to whom shall we present them for
about here anywhere ? ai" c6-ni lai khue i examination ? khiie tî ;
the subject of the
kai cue? Where should his crime be classed ? essay. ph6ng tieh theng e khue; chanced
fi no ie" ciie cu si chong tSng kai khue-tvVn ;
upon a theme already written upon. cia si
where there are too sorts of crimes for which cu-i° k&i gueh khue this is the monthly trial
;
the same person is to be punished the greater in compo.sing essays at the college. i cfi-lai
crime is the one for which he is tried. kai theng khue chau cp cek png ; the composi-
tions he has heretofore written are copied into
khue 194 The chief, the highest; the one volume. lak jim khiie ; the book of rules
486 first of a class. luck. ci kai jit si k6
4 for deducing good or ill
khue-che°.ia cu si khue-tau-che"-kan the God ; chii kai kit khue ;

this day is a fortunate one
of Literature is the one who resides in the con- for marrying or giving in marriage. cia sng
stellation of the Dipper, ngwn khue ; the first sichio-theng kok khue this is a tax levied by ;
on the list; the head, (as of a band), kham-kai the government throughout its dominions.
ho teng ngo kia° khue ; worthy of being placed
among the five who head the list of cin-su ; khiie 25 To divine; to forecast events;
graduates, bun khue a literary chief,
;
i kai 467 6 a sign ; divining marks,
iong-mSu" khue-ngo he has an imposing pre- si ai" pok ku khiie a
;
pok khue to divine.
;
sence, kong cu siu cia, cue cu khue; the leader chiam khue? Will you in divining make use of
is held to be guiltiest of all. hue ciam peh hue the tortoise shell or of the splints ? i kai khue
khue ; the plum blossom is the first to appear. cin cSi; the indication of luck proved true.
Dictionary of the swatow DiAtEct. 823
hu kliui kliufc i
pok kai kliue; let us go and have text. ci phien bfin-cie" i°-keng khueh mla"
hiiu forecast for us. cf kai kliue ciin cfti ;
this khu, ih cai ti-tiang kili this essay wants the
;
sign was verified. pien khue the luck ; signature and I do not know whoso it is. ci
changed. poih khue ; the divining lines or kii cu kai ngi khueh; the
meaiuiig of this
diagrams said to have been invented by Fuh- passage is lost, clip kaii jim cu ai" sia khueh ;
hi. khien khvie, tue khiie, li khue, cin khue, on arriving at one's post, one makes obeisance
sun khue, kham khue, kun khiie, khnn khue ; (toward the Imperial Palace).
the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth,
seventh, and eighth of the diagrams. khien Mjr khueh 121 The duties of an office ; a
ui pe, khun ui bp, cin ui ciang-lam, kham ui 448 ~4 post to lack,
[y\, ;
tong-lam, kun ui sio-lara, sixn ui ciang-nng, li hu kai ti-hng si kang khueh a si hwn khueh ?
ui tong-nng, tue ili sio nug the first diagram Is that station reckoned as an easy or as a
;
denotes the father, the eighth the mother, the hard post? m si, si tong khueh it is neither, ;
fourth the eldest son, the sixth the middle son, it is an

ordinary post, m pi cukp si io khueh,
the seventh the youngest son, tlie fifth the ia si toa khueh it is not so
; important a post
eldest daughter, the third the middle daughter, as this, but it is an important one. lu si p6
the second the youngest daughter. khien ui tl-tiang kai khueh
? Whose
place are you sup-
thi", khun ui tl, cin ui lui, kham ui ciii, kun plying ? khui khueh to resign, to leave a ;
fii sua", sun ui bak, li ui hiie, tQe ui cSk

;
the vacancy. tang ti kp u chut khueh cia° hp ui
first diagram denotes the heavens, the
eighth su wait
;
till there is a
vacancy, then take the
earth, the fourth thunder, the sixth water, the cia sng si hp khueh this is a
place. good ;
seventh mountains, the fifth wood, the third situation. ci kai khueh-hun hp cai; this is a
fire, the second vapor. lucrative office. klio khueh a difficult
place ;
to fill. sie khueh an unimportant office.

;
khiîe 61 Speedy; hasty; quick; prompt. i hiiam ii khueh-hwt to si i to c\o-kii i iu

i^Xt ;
l/V 471 4 khue-khue khuco; go quickly whatever he is deficient, he is always aiding

and do it. khiie cai ; very speedy, cau thoi" him. che thoi" oi khueh cie sim mueh ex- ;
ti-tiang khue run and see who will be quick-

;
amine and see whether anything is licking,
est, thak thoi" ti-tiang khije pat study and ; seng-li oi khueh png a Do you lack
boi ?
see who will learn it soonest. khue ce; hurry capital for your business. khueh khiam to ;
up a little. cp khue se-su do it a little more

;
be short of. i hwn-lio khueh ua cek choi*
rapidly. mai" khah khiie ; do not be in too ngun ;

he still owes me a thousand dollars,
great haste, khiie khu li khiie lai ; the sooner boi khueh-khiara ; there is no deficiency. bd
you go the sooner you will get back. co Q khueh bp khiam li bp cp pe kia", bp un bp wn
cle° khue? How is it that li bo cp
ang cia without some short comings
you have done it so ;
soon ? cia si mang ce'ng kai a si khiie there is notopportunity for the exercise of
full
ceng
kai ? Is this a species that grows
slowly, or one parental and filial love, without grievance and
that grows rapidly ? cx-kp ti-tho ho, ngp tieh forgiveness there is not true conjugal devotion.
thi°-si iu h(5 cia" cie" khiie hwt ; the soil here
is good and when the season is also
good it
— klmh —
comes up very early. i kai kha chfu
khue; khiih 12 To stew ;
to boil in water
she is quick in her motions. khiie kiie ie ZjjZt
; //Hi5 1117 10 with a noise.
swifter than a kite, ci ciah fo khiie kau this khuh kau
; mi^-mi"; boil it soft. khieh khu
one will reach there soonest, khiie khui khio ;
huang-16 khuh kau lok-lok thue-thue take ;
become discerning when still very young. ai° it to the
portable furnace and stew it to a
khue, tin-tp mang; the more haste the less
porridge.
mueh
speed.
quicker.
ci ie° fo khtie s^kj this cooks — khui —
— khueh — n^^ khui 72 In opposition, as the sun and
ry\ 487 9 moon; distant from; separated;
khueh 169 A blank ; a deficiency ; to absent.
448 10 exercise reserve; defective; khui ui jit kii ; our stars have been in opposif
wanting in. tion many days ; we have long been
separated.
khueh-gi a mental reservation.
; ci kia° sii n9 nftng kai sira cng kai khui-keh, sie hah ; m
chia" khueh-gi
pang kp do not giye this full
; their hearts are estranged from each other, and
credence at once. ci phien cu
khiong-iii si u not in unison, i kai sim li-khui ; his affectionB
khueh-bun; I fear this leaf has" a hiatus in the are sundered* pok tieh khui khiie, khioug-iit
324 DICTIONART OF THB 8WAT0W DIALECT.
ng5 i m tieli; I have divined, and

kliu kh.u hî-kp ikhui ta" khu the bill was made out wrongly
;
have thus gotten an omen denoting absence, so by hira. khui heng sa°; a jacket open in front,
I fear that on going there I shall not find hira. lu hd khui tliu i thia'^; you give him directions
as to the way. li rn khui ; cannot
manage it.
khui 169 To open ;
to unfold ;
to un-
tang khai thi" ti i" lai since the creation of
;
308 4 loose ;
to particalarize ;
to the world. (Q khui thi"-tl kau ta"; from the
initiate ; to start. creation till now. hun khui ki" jit; there is
khui mng
; open
the door, khui cun to loose ; a rift in the clouds and the sun appears, khui
the boat from moorings and start. li m khui khui pho keep a
h&ng; open a warehouse. ;
sin ; could not get away (on account of business), i kai ue ta" ra khui kau he keeps
shop. ;
i bue
pat khui kiie ngan he has not yet got ;
talking about it. si" thi khui lio co-ni h&p m
his eyes open he has not had experience.
;
el bua? Why is it thafc I cannot shut the fan
kai ngan sin khui lai hd cfti these eyes (of an ; after opening it ?
idol) are made so as to be very expressive,
khui ni cu iS; in the beginning of the year there khui 141 Lacking; a deficiency; a griev-
are some, khui cek fio 16; make a road, khui 486 11 ance to injure to annoy.; ;
hue to blossom. lfi,i khu khui sim khui sim

bSi khui-kh\ara c6k kla"; lacks nothing. se'-
;
ce ; let us go and divert ourselves somewliat. phtMig b6 CO khui sim su, me'-kua phah mng
lia i7j kia"; in all my life I have never done a
khui mang lo ; to clear the way for a spirit,
khui lo sien hong ; to lend the van. lu h(5 dishonest act, and when any one knocks at the
khui-koi i thia"; you explain it to hira. door in the night, I am not afmid. ci'a khah
pi"
thiah khui; unbraid the queue, sin tliiah khui; khui tieh lii this is putting you to too much
;
to open a letter. i k&i sa°-nfu koi-khui ; un-

trouble. mih-su m-hd khui nang do not ;
button his m khui, khah troublo other people about anything whatever,
jiicket. po" siap I ;
da bo khui lu I have done you no harrn.

can't pull open, it is too tight (as a door),
it ;
ci khi keng tSeh lak toa hue cia° thi tit khui; liang ke a si kheng ciah khui, su cu tit, bd nSi
this bow must bo drawn by some one who has cC*k poi" kheng slu khui, cek p6i° in kh^ng sla
great strength then it can be stretched. ni&k khui; if each would take back what he said,
the matter could be settled, but nothing can be
siap cfii, tie" i7i khui I am so sleepy I cannot
;
hold my eyes open, i c6-ni tiam-tlam, i7i khui done so long as one party will own his mistake
chili? Why does he remain silent, and not and the other will not. ci kia" su sng si khui-
hQ tieh i this is treating hira ungratefully,
open his mouth ? khta khui ce stand farther ;
;
ua mih su m khui nang; I never injure any-

off. ning PI khui t5 ko a si kue" to ko ? Is the
door open or shut? khui theng lai lara ; open body, chwn boi khui-sun tieh ; received no
the window and peep out. kha khieh khui ;
injury whatever. seng-li cp khu khui png ;
lost capital in the business. lia sui-si ai boi

take your feet off it. kui i khui pang ko Ifi,
fnai" kham ; leave it open to the air, and do phi", la bp ai" khui tieh lu kai png ; although
I wish to buy it cheap, I do not want to have
not put a cover over it. nmg pang i khui lo.se on it. i ci jim kua" cp khui-khbng
pang ko cii hd, mai" kue"; leave the door open, you
do not close it. tie" tieh toa hu tieh pang i
u cek bwn ngun ; he drew on his own funds to
khui h'o cia" chiu i hua ; when you catch a large the extent of ten thousand dollars, in fulfilling
fish on your hook, let him run off and after- the duties of his office. seng-li cp khu khui-
khong lost in business.
ward draw him in. break open peh khui f
;
with the fingers. kha i khui; open it by khiii 64 To consider to guess to

rapping it. cf kai sd-th&u co-nS khui m khui ? fVj!^ ; ;
l9> 488 9" calculate,

What is the reason that this lock will not un-
lock ? khui fd-thau ; unlock a lock.
khui-tak ; to weigh in the mind to examine ;
pb-to
chili tiehthe khui, cla" jih tit loh you must
i
and conclude. c&ng ch6ng-li lai khui-tak ;
;
determine in accordance with just principles
it
stretch open the mouth of the wallet, then you
of action, htlam sii to tieh khiii-t^k cheng-li;
can stuff them in.
leug khui push open. ;
in all things the correct principles of action
p6ih khui pull open.
; buah khui shove ;
must be considered.
aside. cau khui run off. ham i can khui
; ;
tell him to stand aside. kia" khui ce

kie i ; khui 159 An orbit a rut ; a path ; ;
tell hira to khui mia"; make
go further off. 483 2 a law.
out a list of names. phah m khui sin ; does put khdi iinconformable aberant irregular,
; ; ;
not box hard enough to drive
away the sand i c6 nS ka" mong-ui put khiii how dare he ;
bag. khui toa"; make out an order sio khut scheme for what is treasonable ?
co c6 jieh coi khui kue ? In how many install-

khui 149 To deceive;
to cheat; to
1^ ments is the annual rent of this shop paid?
'cd 483
"6~ defraud ; malicious,
c6i° si CO no khui kue, ci kui ni le fi co sa"
khui-kliiet ; crafty. co su to si
khiii-khî
i k&i
khui kiie formerly it was paid twice a year,
;
khiet-khiet ; acts in a very crafty way.
schemes and but of late years it is paid once in four months,
kluii koi to twn ; he is full of
the first install-
cie" klmi hai" bue cheng-cho ;
tricks. kiiiii-ca tricky. ment is not paid in full. juah khui the hot
;
;
season. cek ni s\ khui kiie-ci, ti cek klmi kfti

<—I khui 84 The breath ; animal vigor ;
kue-ci hd ? Of the fruits of the four seasons,

^^ 348 ~6 the seasons,
thau-khui to sigh to breathe to draw a long ;
which season has the best ?
; ;
breath.
closely that
hip kau i boi thau-khiii shut
he cannot breathe. pang
khut i thau-khui; leave a place for him to
breathe through.
in so
cgk ko
khiii thau-chut thau-jip

;
;
M
'5§"
khui 140 The sun-flower; malvaceoua
487 9 plants,
khui-hue hiang jit the sun-flower turns to-
;
khui draw in the breath, ward the sun. tang-khiii ci seeds of the ;
khip
pu-khui si"; a fan made from a
respiration. ;
Hibiscus.
m ka" thau-khui dared not breathe. ;
khah
certain large leaf. khui-chieh ;
a mat made
kim khui too little space to breathe in.
; tng
of leaves.
khui; cease to breathe. thia° tieh cng kai bo
I could not hear
khui-sip, Foh co bo nang to ;
4/^ khui 64 To examine and conclude.
the slightest sound, and supposed there was
4J^ 488 9 peh khui a general super-
bo kui e kai khui cu chwn m
;
no one there. visor, hu hue si to co peh-khui was at that ;
li after a few strokes was out of breath,

;
time acting as general supervisor.
mai" tho khui khut nang sin do not exact all ;
that is due from people. hau-se"-kia" u khiii- khui 61 Abashed ;

ashamed ;
dis-
lak, mih su to ho co
ous and can do anything.
young people are vigor-
;
m pi hia bo khui- fl 484 10 concerted,

thoi" tieh ka-ki cu khui; when he saw it he
lak hue it is not the same with them as with
; was ashamed of himself. mng sira ii khui cu
those who have no physical strength. coih bo ta"; being conscience stricken he had no
tieh chut khui chut lak
khijti the seasons.
;
courage. mng sim bo khui cu mien kia"; if
cia° CO tit seng you must exert yourself, then
; unconscious of guilt one need not be afraid,
you will accomplish it. cek khui-thau kia" sim lai .sie" tieh cham-khui ; felt remorseful
kku hfi-ko khu walked there at one breath.
; when thinking of it. siu khui mua" min ;
shamefaced, i ka-kl cng kai m cai cham-khui ;

tB. khui 80 Vessels utensils. ;
he is wholly destitute of a sense of shame.
1^ 349 l3 kim khui, ngun khui, gek
khiii, siah khui; gold, silver, jade, and pewter
— khun —
vessels. jio khui ua"; porcelain bowls. khun 195 A
sea-monster, like a kraken
494 or sea-serpent,
8
'
^^^ khui 39 A quarter of a year ; the
^
pak hai teng ti ie" khun-hu toa cSi, oi pien co
~
j^ 339 5 end of a time or the close
toa phang-cio ; in the northern seas there is a
of a period. into a roc.
species of sea-monster that changes
c§k ni hun co sikhui ; the year is divided into khun pheng pion-hiie the transformations of
;
four seasons. cek khui sa° kai gueh ; each
the leviathan into the roc.
season includes three months. thi"-si ce jiiah
chun-khui kai hok-sek cu ua° co he khiii kai ; -t*rft khun 32 What is inferior and should be
as soon as the weather becomes warm, spring
'*'T^ 495 T
obedient; the eighth diagram,
garments are exchanged for summer ones. khun cS,u a
girl's horoscope.
;
se" tieh kia" u
thi"-si ce chin, chiu-khui kai hok-sek cu khng- khien-khun co pe-bp cu thi-min ; a son of re-
khi, khieh tang-khui kai hok-sek lai cheng ; markable talent is the distinction of his parents.
when the weather becomes cold autumn gar-
ments are put away, and winter ones are taken ^^ khiin 169 A gateway; inner apart-
out and worn. ti-tiang-si iia" khui? When |PJ 496 7 meJits.
does the official change of court dress occur ? i hin-khek to cp to-khii n-hii ;
he is now acting
lu si ra cai ua" khui, he" ? f-keng ua" khiii as commander mai" ta" nang
of the garrison,
no sa" jit 16 you did not know that the change
;
kui khiin kai am-ce° su do not talk about ;
of court dresses had taken place did you ? It what people do when they have returned to
took place two or three days ago. nin cia pho- the inner apartments.
326 DICTIONAET OP THE 8WAT0W DIALECT.
159 A faint from lack of food and still cannot eat.

jQ kliiin cylinder that is rolled
to khiin, mak li siap hungry and sleepy.
, J^
li
495 8 in divination, ;
khu kliah khun, kliali ti( h hd a m(5 go and t6 khiin sf ; almost starved, to ce khim cii b6
;
divine by rolling the cylinder, and thus see l^k; as soon as one's stomach is his empty
whether it is well to do so or not. strength departs.
khiin 120 To cord up to tie a 1^5^

khim 181 An instant, a moment;
; up ;
496 .,>\ 422 2

7 bundle; a bale, presently,
khiin CO cek toa khun tie them up in a big khiin-kfa"; in a moment, ke khun i cii \ki ; be
;
will come presently. u khim a
bundle. ci cSk khiin p6 jleh coi phit ? How ;
little while.
many pieces arc there in this bale of cloth ? 64

kai nung ta" no khiin; a man carries two bales,
khfln (Also called kQn). The fist ;
452 6 to double up the hand

khiin kau ne toi"-t6i"; bind it up very firmly. ;
khSeh t!o spU la,i khiin take a rope and cord it boxing; fisticuffs,
;
kai i liah lai khiin ; seize him and bind khun-thau; the fist, llm kh^n-thfta; to double
up. the
up fist.
phah khun-thAu
to box. cfa
khiin-pak kau kin-kin ; tied up very
;
him.
cfa tieh khiin, lai this one jl-ke t(5 so khun-thau, khuu-thau-b<5 toa kai
tightly. phah ;
cii ia"; the two were
must be tied up and whipped. Khun Ho l&i tio sparring, and the one that
had the largest fist beat. i si kk khiiu-than
pang chlu teng; bind him and hang him on kai su-hQ he is a boxing-master, ciu-jit kia"
;
a tree, khiin Ho, phit-phah ce Ho, pang i khu,
khun hue, khut hla lai oh khun kai nang
mai" Hah khu sang kua°; bind him and then
thoi"; ho performs all day with his fists, that
beat hi'U a little and let him go, without deliv-
those who are learning boxing may see how it
ering him over to the magistrate. khun k&i
chiik khu sh,ng; bind a thief and take him into
is done. p( ce khun-si khut nang thoi"; ex-
hibit some feats of skill iu boxing, i kai khun
custody. kna° tieh i khiin-siing Iftng-cai the ;
chim cfti; his knowledge of boxing is profound,
magistrate called him a rascal and a villain.
i kai khun-c6ng si nng-si-khun a si nge-si-
m khun
496
81
4
Exhausted; weak, weary;
render subject to ; to
to
victimize; to impoverish to distress, ;
khiin ? Does his strength as a boxer lie in
defen.se or in assault? i thu-thu
cang sang
chfu td phah khang khun co hie" koi phah ;
nang khim-kwn am wenry. khiin-khiin kwn-
;
he has nothing but empty hands with which
kvvn jaded out. ci kiii jit kai nSng khiin-toa"
;
to fight, and it is not so easy to gain a victory,
cS,i; the.se last few days I have felt very languid,
khiin kwn ; a boxing school.
nnng ce khiin-khiin t6a"-t6a" to cu boi H su ;
when one is fagged out he cannot attend to khiin 123 A flock ;
a herd ;
a con*
business. cie"-si i k&i nrmg thoi" tieh khun- 420 course.
7
c§k khiin ie"; a flock of sheep.
khiin, si ii pe" a m .si ? He appears very feeble
cj° cek khiin
iii-khiin i kai te°-khun si tl-tiang to cfe" ne ? Who takes

lately, he is ill is he not ?
Bia"-ti surrounded and hemmed in their care of this flock of sheep ? cek khun be a ;
; city,
khiin kau sia" IRi eng kai bo bi nie; pent them stud of horses, hiia" kai gu co cek khun tng-
lai ; all the cows came back in one herd, cik
up there till the city was utterly destitute of
khun to pue ; flying in one flock, ci khiin ah
provisions. pi chak khun cek kai gueh, iii
ki" jlo khu tl-ko ? Where are you going to
cia" koi ; were hemmed in by the rebels for
a month, and then the siege was raised. i drive this drove of ducks ? ui cek khun
c§k e td khun un, su cu cO bo kia" seng if the ; nang td thoi" slm-nmeh ? What are all those
luck once turns against him, he will not people gathered in a circle, looking at ? cek
khiin sia° khim klmn hia td cng; a multitude of ants are
accomplish a single thing.
ku-a kai gueh ; surrounded and afflicted the eating it. cek khun cek khiin tiii ci-ko kiie,
city for several months. un-khi khiin cJli ;
coi c5i ;they passed by here in companies,
the luck is bad. un kau ce khim le, lien hia making many in all. khun chin hiie bo cek
kai ka" kkng of the whole crowd of courtiers,
sdng-seng kai su to ju tio khu when the luck ;
;
turns against one, even that which has been not one dared remonstrate. sit khun kai
cio a bird that has lost the rest of the flock.
fully brought to a consummation is destroyed. ;
ko cio jip nang khiin a solitary bird seeking

;
khun 184
Empty; hungry; famished. companionship among men. to si hu hiia" kai
^rt
^ L 334 2 to 6i khun a boi ? Are you
ci-hue to khim c5i I am now very
hii khiin, kau tang; it is that same rascally
hungry ? ; set of fellows. cia" khiin, cia" tin ; in regular
hungry. id la 6i khim, iu ciah m 16h ;
I feel squads and files. cii-nie hiie la kku khun
DiCTlOItABY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. 327
kau kliun klm women folk go in

thoi" hi; the
to see the play. i^ngkhun kai ah ioa
y^ khut 85 To finish one's course not
know what to do; at bay;
;
eqnads iJ^ 6U6 4

soicuah toa-bd-mueh of the same drove
ducks in
;
extremity.
differ greatly in size, kai chai-cheng bu-goi
i kau jio kau khut thdn-lo, i cu ai" hue-tng lai
thio khun his talent ;
and military skill excel ka a dog driven to bay will turn around and
;
those of the others. nin kau khun kjiu i ce kau

lo-miij^-khut cii raih su to khu
all bite.
tang ai" khu ti-ko ? Where are you all going CO ;
when driven to desperation he will do any
in troops and bands ? cek khun a-no°-kia"; sort of thing. i hie" si kai lo khut cai his
;
cek toa khun nang; a
a group of children. way was then very much hedged in. i ci no
great throng of people. cng khun long-cong kai gueh cng kai khut lo, chwn bo ci°-miig h(5
lai; the whole gang came. chap m loh khun ;
thang he has not known what to do these
;
could not work his way into the clique. ni'n

past two months, having no chance whatever
kak nang m thak cu, sa" ui khuii, si ui tang to earn anything.
tosng you do not study each at his book, but
;
form parties of three and four for play.

— khii —
khut — — dkl To go; to proceed; to remove;
khu 28
khut 44 To bend ;
to crouch ;
to put
\^ 445
quit ; discard
3 following a ;
verb it signifies completion,

458
upon to wrong; grievance,
5 ;
ai" kliu ti-ko ? Where are you going ? ai" khii
wn-khut; to oppi'ess. wn-khnt si nang; kill by
siu khut si; killed by oppression. a hue ? Are you going yet or not ? khu kau
oppression.
Piu khut, siu m khu; will not suffer oppression,
hie" hng kang-kho cai, nan mai" khu ho to ;
khut chek bend the knee,

;
cu-lai m pat khut go so far is very tiresome, it is better for u.si
chek khiu nang has never before bent the not to go. nan lai co-pii khu thit-tho let us ;
;
knee to plead with anybody. ham wn siu go out together for a stroll, hu-ko lu pat khu
khut endure wrong and suffer outrage, tai-
;
me ? Have you ever been there ? lia khu kiie
ku-a chu I have been many times. lai-lM
clang-hu leng khut, leng sin ; a great man can
;
either stoop or stand. khut coi"; bend the khu-khu ku-a hue Went to and fro, ever so
;
many times. lia kiie i m khu T cannot suffi-

fingers, khutkha; bend the knee, kha chun ;
tit, mai" khut stretch your leg out straight,

;
ciently thank you. i cie-°se" co, lu kiie tit khu
don't bend it. i hu iSi kai lo-ke" khut-

me ? When he acts thus, can you get along
khut khiok-khiok the paths in there are very
;
with it ? peh tio phiie, khu tio hut peel off ;
miia-khi khut ke ca ce lai demean the skin and take out the pits. khu tio mo",
devious. ;
kliu kau cheng-khih remove all the feathers
yourself so far as to come early to-morrow,
;
khut cek rae°; sat in a crouching position all from it. boi m khu; can't sell it. boi lai, boi
khu buy and sell. ci kia" su lia thoi" i co m
night, to cun teng khut cek jit was cramped ;
;
khu I do not think he can do this, i bo khu;

np in the boat all day. ciam chia° khut sin to ;
he is not going. i ta" i m khu he says he

i ko temporarily submit to suffer in his em- ;
lu ai" khu am? Are you

;
won't go.
ploy, na ci-ko ciam khut ce stay cramped up ;
going
or not ? i khu li su he has gone to attend to
here temporarily, rh-ho khut suah phgng jin ;
;
some business. lu khu kio lia co hd-hp you

do not wrongfully kill an innocent man. ci'a ;
khah khut tieh lu this is putting too much ;

go and do it nicely for me. kio lia khieh
khu; take it there for me. bo i khu will not
upon you. i m khut nang he wrongs nobody. ;
allow him to go.
;
ci ci,ng hue khut co cek ciah cio bend this ;

bq nang ai" khu no one is ;
shrub into the shape of a bird. ci cang chiu going. u nang khii a bo ? Did anyone go ?
khut CO cek ciah cliie"; force this tree into the i
i"-keug khu ku lio he went a long time;
likeness of an elephant. ago. i khu u

jieh kii lio ? How long has
he been gone ? i tui hti-ko li-li khu he ;
khut 116 Holes in the ground. went on past there. co i khu he went on i
;
455 8 liu cek kai khut dig a pit. ; his way. cp lu khu go you along, lu ai"
;
loh khu khut t6i s6i-ek go down into a pool tiie ti cek tio lo khu ?
;
By which road are
to bathe. khu khut-teng liah hu go to the you going ? i tiii ti-ko khu ? Which
;
way
hollows among the rocks to catch fish, hu-ko did he go ? hp-h<5 si-si cu bp khu when all ;
si si nang khut that is a beastly hole,
;
miia"- was just as usual, it disappeared, i si khu 16;
ti-ko kfii kau-khut long-cong ciii Diua-''mua''; he has gone, khut wn khu; has all been
i ciah
the ditches everywhere are full of water. ci eaten up by him. bp ti-kp ho khu has ;
choh iieh-chu si to khut-teng liah kai these ; nowhere to go. i ku ni kiie khu; he departed
bull-heads were caught in a pool. this life last year. ili-hp khi-hii lai khi-hu
kliu ;
do not impose upon each other. kliut i
kliii 144 A highway.
liah khu was seized by him. pun i I'n-iu 444
; 18 ci-ko si thong-khu k&i tl-
khu was misled by him. kliu hwn poi"; go a public thoroughfare.
;
hng; this is thong-
to foreign parts. ta° ]ki ta° khu to debate ; khu toa 15 a main street.
;
about. lu ai" khu jieh linj? ? How far are you

going? i khu kau ta" u
jieh kii ? How long
i khu ni cia° lai ho
— khin —
is it since he went ? ;
came the past year, sueh rli khu cannot ex- ;

khiin
19 Laborious; diligent; seda-
plain it. i
i°-keng khu si li'o he has shuffled ;
402 11 Ions,
off this mortal coil, sfa m khu cannot cast it ;
i thak cu tbak kau kliun c&i he studies very ;
off. K6i rri khu cannot wash it out. ;

cie"-8i diligently. oi khun khiara kai nang one ;
ciah m khu could not eat, ce khu cu jieh

;
who industrious and frugal.
is cheng, sin,
kii when gone, how long you stay.
;
cf kai jl khfin, sa" jl cp kua° kai nftng ra-hp khueh
:
hi khu sia" a slang sia"? Is this word in the cSk jl clean-handed, scrupulous, diligent the
;
:
departing tone or in the high tone ? 16 khu mngistrate must lack neither of these thi'ee
ki" i you go and see him.
;
khu th(5i" i c6-nl ;
characteristics, kang-hu kh6n cfti ; sedulous,
i m work. sim si khAn-lan is very pains-
go and see what is the matter with him.
in his ;
ceng khu he has not gone, ;

i bQe
c6ng khu ; tnking. si chu khun uang k&i pfa"-be long-
he has not yet gone, khut i cau kliu let him ; cong lili; the troops, zealous in serving their
run off. i
pne khu Ho it has flown away, ; prince, came from every side. toa pu lu
i cau khu tl-kp tiara ? Where has he hidden ? pii lu khfin; great wealth comes by
thi", si'e the
i leng cai kiie-kliu, bQe-lai kai su; he knows will of Heaven, a competence comes through
the past and the future. b6i, cio"-se° kiie tit toil. kwn-thSi nilng-kheh sim si hun-khfin ;
khu no matter, that will do as it is.
; siap- in the entertainment of guests she is most
lau khu oozed out. ;
mai" khu thJtng do i
;
attentive. mih su hun-hun kl\un-khun in all ;
not touch it. hhm i chut khu; tell him to go things serving faithfully. u\-h6 khah kliAn,
khi'ong-iii sin-hun bua m khu do not too
tng khu chu return home, ciin f-keng
out. ;
toil
;
khu hiig the boat has already gone a long

; hard, for fear your strength is not equal to
pun huang chue khu blown away by such close application. ku ke kai nang tieh
way. ;
the wind. khut i mueh tio khu; has spoiled 6i khiin-khlam khak-kh6 ; those who stay at
it. cui-kau sak khil ;
the drain is obstructed, home, must toil and save and endure hardship,
lu a sikhu lia cQ vain ;
if you go I need not. theng c6i" khfin-kho th&k ; sat by the window
cie" khu ;
ascend. Iqh khu ;
descend. thug reading with painful exertion.
loh khu, ill cSi cannot touch bottom by ;
reaching down with a pole. jip khu i hli kp, khun

61 To beg to ask earnestly, ;
chue i go into his private apartments in

; >iiiv 318 18 khun khiu to supplicate, ;
search of him. ciin khui khu h'o the boat ; khun khiu khu i hau"; importunately entreat
has started. i che"-me° khii ; he has become till he consents. i thph nang lai khun hfta ;
blind. khut i tu h'o, e khu; after being he commissioned some one to come and beg for
withstood by him, he became mute. li h'o reconciliation. jwn khun i iTi huu"; however
kongkhu; after settling the affair he became much yon plead he will not consent. i"-keng
dazed. cui h'o ut khu ; after he had become khun tit lio he has begged for a settlement,
;
drunk he went to sleep. kui loh khu kneel ; khun un sek-pang beg the favor of being set
;
down. nngkhu; become weak. chie" pit at liberty.

khu ; the wall has cracked. sa° lih khu ; the
tnnic is torn. phua khu ; broken. mai° khu 82 To open new land to com-
khdu ;
khi i do not be vexed about it.

;
ci kai cho 318 l3 mence tillage.
tit khu; this will hold it. khu 16 m it-tit !
khui-khun chang-ti break up new soil. ;
cie
khu ; There I have forgotten it. !
nang lai khui khun; advertise for laborers in
breaking new soil.
9^g. khu-kok
kliu-kok-ngan ; greasy
"pEt^ 443 white spots seen in ar-
lia ci ko i" u khu-kok-ngan
-TT^ khun 180 khie°-khun; brogue. cia
gelite inkstones.
si ti-kp kai khie°-khun ?
kai this inkstone of mine is one that has
; p^ 1100
Of what place is this the brogue ? tho im si
white spots in it, ii
khu-kok-ngan kai ho, a
si u cie peh kî hd ? Which are the better, kak elm kak chu k&i khie°-khun the local ;
pronunciation is the manner

of speaking in
those that have white spots in them, or those
that are yellowish white all over ? each particular locality.
DICTIONAET OF THK 8WAT0W DIALECT. S29
'
^J^^ kliiin 140 Celery, parsley, and similar

— khwn —
Ap 403 1" plants,
iam kh^n-chki
khwn
477
40 Ample clement ; to forgive;
;
to bear with; to indulge; lax.

kliun-chai ; celery, ; put dress- 12
i kai
ing upon celery. naiig khwn-hong tai-llang ; he is a very
easy tempered and liberal minded man. chfa'
Irt.|
kliun 81 A stack; to stack np; to pile. khwn-iong i I beg you to bear with hira. ti-
;
1^ kliun kau cek koi" chek ti"-

420 ~5 ling khwn-khuah cJS,i
the purpose.
the space is ample for
chia" khwn i cek chu please
;
ti"; Iieaped full of paddy. ci cek kliun chau ;
t5a khun cfli ; this stack of weeds is a big one. let him ofF this once. chii lai khwn-khwn
thia° pi° khun cek kliun hun-kuah ; on one side khuah-khuah, sui lu khia-khf; the house is
of the main room a pile of sweet potatoes roomy, abide wherever you please in it. khwn-
was cgk khun tau-khoih; a pile of iu i kai cue
overlook his fault, i kai co kui
;
piled.
khah khwn the discipline of the school is too
;
pea-pods.
— khut — lax. i kai se"-ch6ng sim si khwn-hua; his dis-
position is very forgiving, i kai kui-ku cu ho,
iu boi kue ngiam, iu boi kue khwn ; their rules
/^
f ^
kliut
396
intreat humbly,
5
2
To beg ;
to ask alms ;
to
are just right, being neither too strict nor too
khut ciah; to beg for food, cek khun khut-kai lenient, cang khwn-sii lî thai nang; treat peo-
i a-si mp, lia cu bo khwn-
laikhut ci°; a swarm of medicants came asking ple with clemency,
alms. in koi khiu-khut to beg in the streets, ;
iong i; if he is bad, I shall not be lenient toward
hok khut un cun ; prostrate one's self and him. khwn-6i"; leisurely, khwn h&ng ke cap
for mercy, chit sek khut kha on jit; allow ten days beyond the time alloted.
humbly beg ;
the seventh night of the seventh month beg

the weaver goddess for skill in needlework.
khwnAn enclosure ; a large circle.
81
8451kia" cek toa khwn walked ;
a long distance ai'ound. cie"-se° cu 16h i kM

khut 120 To allow one the oppor- khwn-thau; thus fell into his snare. tiki"
393
jr| ~G' tunity ;
to give ;
to aftord. cek khwn long-cong ai" kit cp cieh kai ; the
khut ua lai khu ;
khu ce, kp
let me go. co enclosure is to be built wholly of stones. ui
kliub lia CO sit along a little and make room
; cek toa khwn nang, to thoi ; a great circle of
for me. ai" khieh khut iam? Are you going
spectators stood around.
to give it to him or not ? mai" khut jlp lai i ;
do not let him come in. khut i khii sie" ce ; khwn 181 The largest of Chinese land
let him go and think it over. si ua chin chi'u "^ 422 2 measures, equal to a hundred
khieh khut i kai it is the one I gave him ; Chinese acres.
with my own hand. ai" sang khut ti-iiang ? chang ti ;
bwn khwn
a vast extent of arrable
To whom are you going to give it ? i m hau land. kai chang-hng bwn khwn he owns
i ;
khut tia thoi"; he will not let me see it. ham an immeasurable stretch of land.
i tieh khut ua thoi" kau hah i, cia" ai"; tell
him he must look at it till I am satisfied
let me H/fr* khwn Kind, sort; a style or fashion;
76
that it suits me, then I will take it. i bp khut ^^/V 477 7 inscriptions, such as are on
ua cai ; he did not let me know. khut i jars, showing the date of manufacture ; a proof
chi-thdi" ho me ;
let him try it and see if
stamp.
it is good. lu ta" ho khut ua khu, e jit ua ai" ti cek khwn kai ? Which sort do you want ?
cu lai let ;
me go now and I will come an- lia ai" ci khwn, hu khwn ua mai**; I want this
other day. sort, not that. cie" coi khwn sui lu thoi"; of
these many sorts, wîichever you see fit. tl
khut a stanchion; a peg.

75 A stake ;
cek khwn io hah si ? Which sort is the more
446 teng cek ki khut drive a
12 ;
suitable for the occasion ? kak khwn sie m
stake, ceng-se" khu pak pang hu khut kp go ; tang ; each kind is different from all the others,
and tether the animal to that stake. ci ki mih su to fl kai khwn sek ; there is a fixed
khut khah soi ki m ho pak ; this post is too style for doing everything. lu cie°-se° cp b6
small to tie to. teng ki khut to toi-kha ho khwn bp sek, khut nang chie in doing it thus, ;
p&k cun ;
drive a stake in the bank to fasten not in accordance with any established fashion,
the boat to. chie"-teng teng ki khut ho pak you will be laughed at. bp khwn cai ; not
xnueh ; drive a large peg in the wall to fasten after any known pattern, sit-cai kah khwn to
things to. bp ; really of no style at all. chwn b6 kai

•330 DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
r&ng kliwn cie"-se"; no one ever does it in that afraid of him. chio-theng si i td lam khwn ;
i kai kbwn si m-lid cSi ; his way of he it is that holds the balance of power in the
way.
doing things is very bad. h<5 kfti khwn liji to government. eSk cio kbwn t5 cbiu cu jwn
boi 6b, au kai kbwn lu cu kia°-kla° 6h ; what cO as soon baa he has a little temporary power
;
is good you never can learn, what is bad you in his bands, he acts without regard to other
learn all about in every instance. eia kbwn people's rights. ci ciah ngio io u kbwn, i eg
io ti-ko oh lai kai ? Wbere did you learn this k\n-kie ce nio.°chu cQ ra ka° lai ; this cat is
manner of doing it ? sfa bp, hue ceng lob quite influential in her sphere, if she but mews
khwn; have written it but have not yet added tbe rats dare not come about. tai liQam kwn-
the inscription. kbwn ; lie is very
i td tie" kut toa kai nang tp-tp u khwn ; most people
pompous, si lob toa" kbwn
a lob sang khwn ? who have high cheek bones are influential in
Has it the autograph of the sender only, or their spheres. keng kbwn sie" pien la-si 6i
both bis name and that of the one for whom it cai, cp su cu b6i ta"; if we understand what is
is written ? ci tui tui-lin li loh toa" khwn, ci regular and necessary in morals we shall not
pak Oe li lob sang khwn this pair of matched
;
make mistakes.
scrolls has only the autograph of the donor on
them, the written scroll has the name of the khwn 120 To coil around ;
to wind
donor upon it, and also the name of the one 1^ 529 12 in a closed spiral ;
a coil,
forwhom it was written. cang tl cdk
ai" khwn khi wind tbe queue around the
pi"; to
khwu ci" lai 6iig? Wbich sort of coin do you head, lu kai pi" kbwn t6 kp, tieh cai pkng 16h
want to use ? kak kak kbieb lai kui kbwn ;
lai your queue is wound around your head,
;
sortthem all out. khwu-tong hue dried ; you must remember and let it down, khwn cp
flowers of the loquat. cSk khuang; coiled it in one large coil. cua
kbwn i"-l° a snake coiled upon itself in circles,
kbwn The weight or balance on
75 ci cbph spb kbwn khi; coil up these ropes,
462 a steelyard direction ; au-
18 ;
kbwn thau p6; a head cloth, used by meu.
thority ; power ; to balance ; to equalize,
khwu ka-ft khwn ; coiled in several coils.
h^ lai si tl-tiang a kbwn ? Who among them
has authority ? si bu kai io iS kbwn,
— khwt —
pftt nftng
khwt 169 Terminated.
16ng-c6ng bd kbwn ; that is the one who is the
most influential, the otbers are all powerless, 449 9 h6k khwt
khwt;; to lay aside
kh^n kui cek nang ; the authority is relegated mourning. i kai hok khwt a hue ? Is he out
to one individual, of mourning yet P
cu si i td pe" khwn ; it is
he who exercises control. i kai
nftng sfe" lai
— —la
ii khwn kbi be has naturally an authoritative
; la pull64 To
to drag along or up ;
manner. kbwn chi'a" na kp the exigency ; 497 6 to one to tug at to force ; ; ;
requires that we stay. cie°-se" si cbdng khwn to borrow to buy on credit

;
to get out in any ;
kai ; it is thus by force of circumstances. of way where effort is implied, as coal from a mine,
k&i si kbwn chin ; this is a
powerful officer, i pun i la-la che-che, che kau bu-kpkbu; was
kai kbwn.s\ toa cili; his power is
great. pia° lugged along by him, to that point. cia si t6
khwn 16ng-c6ng t6 i cbiu the military power ;
pat nang kp la-che lai kai this is something ;
is altogether in bis hands. that has been borrowed with difficulty from
kbwn-p^"; power,
influence, authority, kbwn-lak; force, kbwn- another. hin-kbek i kai mla°.sek m-bd, giia
l^ng potency.
; tieh eng khwn cia" cai kbin kbau la m tSng bis reputation is now bad,
;
tang; by use of weigbts we learn the weight. and he cannot get things on credit. la keng ;
BU i bd kbwn-ngi kia" su ; allow him to act as to bend a bow. la kui pang keng; bend the
may be expedient, mih su tieh 6i thong khwn bow several times. me°-me"-kbu la cu i kai
tak pien cia" bd" in matters one must be thau
; all
quickly seize bis horse by the head
;
act as the occasion requires. ci kai biie-ki to and stop him. la ki tp lai tok seize a knife ;
pbb lai u kua-kbwn a bp ? Has this partner and chop it. la ki ku lai ku catch up a saw ;
authority to act in the affairs of the firm ? ii and saw it off. bo kp sa-la, tb6 e mong kp
a, pbo lai cu si i cek nSng td ciang kbvvn ; yes, cieb-p6 kbu kak i ; there was nothing else that
indeed, it is he who has the management of I could get bold of, and so I caught up a stone
i no
everything, nang to ce" kbwn ; the two from the ground and threw it at him. i cia
are wrangling as to wbich shall rule. hii kai ci" si to chin pbeng kp la-16ng kai; this money
io u ui-khwn cbua
nang ui that one has a ; is what be has borrowed with
difficulty from
more authoritative manner, making his relations and friends.
people
la 80 A
final particle denoting
^ la 4 To avail one's self of; to enjoy.
611 ~T certainty. 772 9 la liang; enjoy the coolnesa.
ci k&i lic5 la ;
this is a good one. hfa ngfa la, ciah pa la liang huang ;
dine and then enjoy
cfoi ru ngia ;
that is pretty bat this is not. the cool breeze.
phi" la ;
it is cheap.
85
Warm; tepid; soothing;
la-lun
YJ3
m
498
lama; the yellow priests.
la-raa
pak-tlian kai hue-sie" u
A iJni bland; lukewarm,
1040 10
tieh tang i la-lun cia" hd ciah ; wait till it is
khi ai la-ina-ceng ; of the priests at the north, only slightly warm then it may be eaten. la-
Bome arc Thibetian monks. lun la-lun, H-kvvn kuak 16h khu; it is of just a
pleasant warmth, so gulp it down. ia-lun-sie
]^ 130
hard fat the caul.
Tallow ; ; cui tepid water.
; kiie hwn-Ho oi la-lun-sie ;
528 10 cia" kai ho ciah, peh kai hd the cake is still slightly warm.
luah 16,; can eat the lean, and make the fat into
lard. coih lio jiet co la; cut it up and try it — lah —
out into lard. cang-pie 1^ the fat part of ;
lah 64 To carry between the arm and
pork. paug la; fat taken from the entrails of 356
the body; to carry over the arm.
7
hogs. ne iam-Iara, kio iara-koi IS. cek le";
i chiu lah he had a subscription
png wn-pho
very sleek and oily, like the fat of a capon.
;
list in his hand, lah cu-cheh ; carry a book in

cie°-si ce kim 16, to pang lai bo la bo sa since ;
the hand against the side. sa°-kh6 lah khu
the slaughter of animals was prohibited lately,
soi take the clothes to the wash.
; chau-
there is neither fat nor meat in the butchers'
chieh lah khu chu take the mat and spread
shops. suah la put in some lard. cia si
;
;
it down.
phu in kai, a phu la kai ? Is this fried in oil
or in lard ? la se the caul, cah la kai mer- ; ; lah-buah Heterogeneous; all sorts
ged in tallow. gu-la;suet. tu-la; lard. /ftix. 939 together.
i kai ke-si lah-buah long-cong pua° lai ; she
,_ .^^^ la-pha The opposite of compact ; moved all her household stuff with her.
cheng
/i^y ^^r 660 loose and disheveled; fluffy, ke-si lah-buah cu hak hoh coi ci"; their house-
mi" pha-plia ktii mueh-kia"; raw-cotton
61 jji-la hold gear alone amounts to a large sum of
is
very light in proportion to its bulk. chph money.
chau la-la pha-pha, tieh thiap-bua the m ;
straw not compactly arranged, and you should lah 195 A fresh water fish, the dace
pack it together. HC^ 544 8 or tench,
lali-li ;
the pangolin, which the Chinese regard
la67 Adequate ; sufficient; enough. as a carp made to go on dry land, lah-li khak;
^|t^
yPi^ 331 10 ut m
la; did not sleep enough, the scales of the pangolin, used in medicine.
clah m la; does not take sufficient food, 15 m
clah ;
has not enough to eat. sieh boi IS, ; can- lah 94 To hunt wild animals ; the
not be kind enough to hira. eng kau i
la; 532 15 chase ;
field sports; to hunt up.
use as much as is needed. 13, biie ? Is that phah lah to go hunting.;
lah ho sportsmen, ;
sufficient ? la U'o ;
that is enough. lah kau a hunting dog.
; ngo tieh cek khun
nang jip sua" khu phah lah; met a body of meu
la 64 To stir up, with a stick.
jpjî going into the mountains to hunt. mua°-ti-
iMd 371 20 lu kai chiu tieh cong-ku la, kp lah, lah in tieh hunted everywhere for it
;
ni la i cu ai" tue ue ; you must keep stirring it and could not find it.
up from the bottom with your hand, if you
don't it will stick to the pot. lu ra hd li-li la, To sacrifice to the gods three
lah 130
la U'o se° huang; you must not keep stirring it, 497
days after the winter solstice;
15
if you do it will (when eaten) produce wind to dry flesh in the north wind,
(in the stomach), khieh sang tu la kau i cau- lah bi cured meats.
;
14h gfleh ; the twelfth
cau ; take a pair of chopsticks and stir it up month, lah nek; to jerk meats, lah ah dried ;
from the bottom till it is evenly mixed. la ducks, i to sie° ciah lah bl ; he is thinking of
thong cui-kau stir open the sewer.
;
la i the delicacies of the twelfth month ; he is long-
thong open communication by stirring.
;
la ing for the impossible. tieh eng sim-mih llo-
tieh phang-tau stir up a wasps' nest.
;
la but lah lai cia" ho ? What spices should be used
khui poke it open.
;
in the curing in order to make it good ?
Ifth 142 War waxy or later ? cbia" i l&i c5 ask him to come and
;
; ; glazed.
497 "15" n<5-lah ;
bees-wax. bit lab ;
sit down. lia ki" lai khu cp n&ng-klieh I am ;
fossil copal, l^b cek ; wax candles. Iftli cua ; going out to pay a visit. cp in lai cannot ;
lab i°; pills encased in wax; do it. CO tit lai it is feasible. i

; kio i Q lai
glazed paper.
pdb lah insect wax deposited by tbe Coccus
;
liang a b6? Does he exchange visits with him ?
pe-la, on tbe Fraxinus chinensis. l&h oieh ; ciu-jit lai-lai uaug-uang kai nftug sira coi ;
yellow or greasy qaartz. many persons are coming and going all day
long, lai jit; in there is
tbe future, fl lai jit;
Jtbi Is^Ji 1S7 To stride over ;

to overstep. a future for it. ciang-lai Su- ;
in tbe future.
532 15 afterward, i& slm-mib lai-tbau ?
k&i si
|t|p\^ siap-lab si-bti kiii nang ; ouo lai ;
i
wbo bas bad experience in worldly aifairs. What brought it about ? i kai lai-in is co-ul ?
pnt iDn ob sim-mib su to m \\6 lab teng ; in What are tbe causes wbicb load to it ? cia
wbatevcr one is learning, be sbould not over- tla'-tieb bI Q slm-mib tda lî-tbau ; this bas
step anytbing wbicb is in tbe regular order. certainly some important cause. ngwn-lai si
cie'-se"; it was so originally. lia f'-keng rang
72 Tbe course and cbanges of tbe cbut i k&i lai-!n ; I have already found out by
Miab
537 spberes. 12
inquiry what is tbe reason for it. l&i-leb tbe ;
an almanac.
laii-jit ;
gin l&b-jit cbut a bue ? circumstances in the past. b<5, bp, b(5, lu lu-tii
Are Ibe new almanacs issued yet? kua" lab ; l&i How fortunate it is that you have come
!
an nimanc sent to officials by tbe emperor. i 80 opportunely tng lai; to return, i tl-tiang
!
ka-ki td sai co lab jit be is making almanacs ; si tng l&i ? Wben did be come back ? l&i hue
privately, without otHcial permit. jieb coi cun co ?

What is tbe boat fare for tbe
round trip ? cbia" i Ifti ciah invite biin
Jftb 160
;
png
Pungent; sbarp. io dinner. it-lai s! ui-tieb cia su, ji-lai si ui-
498 7 ;
red pepi>er8.
lab-cie lab- tSeb hfa su; firstly it is on this account, and
cie-cie" lai suab; season with red pepper catsup. it is on
chdng-lai ; heretofore.
tliat.
secondly
— lAi — 16i-siang tiang l&i courtesy i-equires to bo re-
i ta° lai tieb ; be
;
ciprocated, speaks rightly,

l&i 76 Pears or apples. i cp Ifti bd; be bas done it well, i kai lai sin
^lj[
615 cbe° pbuo lai
7 large green ;
bd toi p6-nl ta" ? What was said in his letter
pears. sua" tang Ifti ; northern pears. bwn- which ba.^ just arrived ? cek-ki-liu, l&i-lî
lai ; pine-apples, hwn-lui kp pine-apple pre- ;
kbu-kbu kai sio-bak sim coi; their correspond-
serves, cio-lai ; dwarf pears. ang pbue lai; ence with each other is always going to and
russet pears or apples. cio-lSi p6; dried pears, fro, with no intermission. put kip lai m
lai ;
liii cba cp
in-p6i° slang h<5 tbe wood of tbe ;
hCi did not arrive in time.
;
khieb lai ; bring
pear tree is excellent for making blocks to it here, lai kau ci-kp fl sa" ni lio; we arrived
here three years ago. lai kau ta" h. jieb kii ?
print upon.
How long is it since you arrived ? lia chu lai
lai 9 To come ;
to reacb ;
to get ; bo pslt in for this journey I bad no other rea-
;
, 498. 6 to bring about; to induce; son, phab lai pbab khu striking repeatedly. ;
coming, and tbus making a form of tbe future ; me° lai me" khu ; bandying harsh words. bSi
coming times prosperity after other verbs it
; ; lai ngan khu winked at each other.
; Q cab
often indicates a present action. lai a Come ! lai me ? Did you bring it with you ? 6i"
lia lai li'o I am i m here, wben you have leisure come
along ceng l&i ; tiang-sl l&i c5
!
; ;
lie bas not come. biie lai bas not yet come,
; and sit here. nan lai phueb ce ; let us talk it
lii tiii tl-k(5 lai ? By wbicb route did you come ? over. îa" Ifti kia" khu walk to and fro. i
H chong
;
ti-kp l&i ? lu to ti-kp lai ? Whence sueb lai cSi-se° ? How did he explain it ? i li
came you ? bam i inai" lai ; tell him not to ham i cie° lai, i li bam i 16b lai ; the one
come, ke bp Ifing-tSng cu, kua° chong hd chu told him to come up, and tbe other told him to
lai ? If the
family bad no truant sons, where come down. cau-kbi lai cu soi min ; when
would tbe ofiBcials come from ?
cbi-mng i kî you get up, wash your face, kang-kiu lai hd ;
sin cbong-bp cbii lai; ask him where bis it is well explained. i cp mih su kha lai chiu
body
came from ; suggest that be bas duties toward lai ;
in whatever he does, be makes bis baffds
bis parents, in-chua i lai ; conduct him here. and kbia khf lai stand up.
feet fly. i kha ;
ai° lai cp-ni ne ? What object have

you in com- tbia", boi lai he has a sore foot and cannot
;
ing ? lia kia" »7i l&i I cannot walk that dis-

; come, kbut ua tboi" lai li m-bp as it appears ;
tance. ai° lî khu a bfle ? Are

you going now to me, it is not good. sie" m lai I cannot ;
think it out. i sie" lai si cie''-se"; he thouglit thoi" tieh i kai min-tie" se" lai to hph leng-l5,i»
it so. i poll lai tieh ;
his criticism is correct, cp-ni to lai hie" u-cu ? His face looks very in-
boi lai kai ;
what was bought. i se" lai chin- telligent, bow is it that he is reallv so stupid ?
chie° i ai ;
he is like his mother. cfa ue lai leng-long lai-lai, kuai-kuai khio-khio; bright
khali cho; this too coarsely drawn,
is ci'a in lai and knowing.
cu bin no 5 this imprint is very distinctly made.
— lak —
jr^
V\} 618
lai 11
inside ; inter-
^
nal in distinction from exter-
nal ; interior ; in the court or palace ; that
which is enclosed or within near to personal ;
Within ; inner
;
;
;
m 411
lak kau ne
ran back,
lak
;
26
6
withdrew entirely.
li-li
To retire
lak thp ce
lak cau j
lak tng; walked off in the direction
;
j
togo away from.
draw back a little,
among ; in the midst of the internal organs ;

from which he came. m
or viscera; the inner rooms of a house. ti-hng oih, lak li ;
the space was narrow and I could not get out

lai ti in the interior ; in the country,
;
chira
of the way.
jip lai ti ; gone far into the interior. ke
lai ; the family the wife. lai cwt my wife.; ;
I2,i tiet my own nephew, i u lai chai he has lak-thak

Slovenly ; careless.
;
natural ability, but is not learned. lai tang u

kiii kai ? How many are there on the inside ?
;
M\l^
1-^ 843
CO su to Bi lak-lak
thak-thak ; she does things in a very slovenly
i
Bi lai sie", a si gua kam ? Is it an internal way. i li su tieh

ceng-ceng sin-sin soi-sim If,
injury or an external wound ? sin lai cp-ni m ho lak-thak he must manage affairs very
;
ta" ? What was said in the letter ? i to

pang cautiously and carefully, and not be negligent
lai ; she is in her room. bo to hu lai ; he is in anything. lak-thak lak-thak, ciig kai bp
not in thei*e. i
tang s6i-s6i cu u to lai ;
from sim khu ku-kwn ; is very negligent, having
his infancy he has been thoughtful, ciah kau no mind to attend to it.
hie" toa kai bo to bo lai is so well grown, and ;
yet has so little judgment. cp cai i to lai cp- ^ni^ IS'k 75 Pleasure ; enjoyment.
ni sie" ? How
can you know what his thoughts ITTV 654 11 hi-lak ; pleased, khuai-lak j
are ? it-tit to sim lai ; keep it in mind, i lai- happy. hi-hi lak-lak; jubilant. ua"-lak j
toi u sim-mih vvn-ku me ? Has he any personal comfortable. kua" mia teng lak ; rulers and
reason for so doing ? cia si i hun lai eng-kai subjects rejoice together, ui sien cue lak ; the
kai ; this is what properly belongs to his func- greatest joy is that of right doing. ka-ki cu;
tions, i ti kai lai-siang pe"; he has au internal lak ; tok lak solitary enjoyment.
;
disease. i si ui lai khue, a si ui

gua khue ?
Does he treat internal or skin diseases ? lak
Six. 12
lai 18 acute interest on

^> 2 662
lak gueh chiu l^k ; the sixth
Sharp ; ;
day of the sixth month. si-lak chii kai nang
ÎJ &21 6 money. long-cong lai ; the people came from
every
i kai to his knife is very sharp ; he is
lili cai ; lak kak hexagonal, lia thoi" tieh i
quarter, ;
very eager for gain. ua ca-jit cia" bua kau kai lak meh 16ng-c6ng thio-hua ; I see that his
ne lai-lai, cp-ni cu tun khu ; I ground it very
pulse is regular. kwn i si-lak su ; have m
sharp yesterday, why has it become dull, sio nothing to do with his affairs.
thoi" i sin teng ii lai khi a bp ; search his per-
son to see if he carries concealed weapons,
eSk kai gueh jieh coi lai-sek ? How much does
/-rt lak 9 Diligent industrious. ;
the interest amount to per month ? // 609 2 kai naug lak cai she is very
i
ham lai I
lak thang cSi he keeps steadily
;
industrious, i
ci" the amount of the interest. ni-ni to lap ;
lai
;
is interest yearly, at stated times.

at work. i ham
giap-lak khu cp, ua cu-jien
; paying him
lai khi bp, bp khi lai intei'est increases p6 i
;
tellgo and do it with diligence,
to
; capi- and I will of course compensate him,
tal, and capital increases interest, kau tang e giap-
cu giap lak-lak; very diligently.
sia lai ; during the
quarter of the year, last
the rate of interest diminishes. i ki chiii lai
cSi ; he is very sharp in repartee. lak-kie 140 The shalote or scallion ;

188 13 it is forbidden to those
4*ll ^^^ - ^l^^®'' ; talented. who fast.
|j U 621 7 i kai nang lai cai ; he is very lak-kie-thau u nang lo kiam boi some people
;
shrewd, leng-lai; astute; quick witted; clever. pickle scallions to sell.
334 DICTIONAET OF THR 8WAT0W DIALECT.
•-f^
lak 19 Muscular prowess ;
brawn ;
— lam —
yj 636 strength force
mental en- ; ;
lam To spread over loosely to
87
orgy ; spirit nerve ; the actuating power ; ;
;
671 cover lightly,
7
divine succor full use of an organ assiduous
; ; ; khieh kai sa° kai i lam Iph khu ; throw a tunic
the properties or strength of a
thing as the , over him. khieh kp p6 lai lam cover it with
stiffness of a bow, vigor of a ;
style, severity of a cloth. ci kp ciia khah soi, lam m

a disease, or tenacity of a wire, mi"; this
paper is too small and does not cover it perfectly.
englak; exert yourself; be spry; work hard.
Irik chut toa ce;
put forth greater exertion, lam A
basket, used as a cover.
1^8
bp lak nerveless ; without energy.
; c6 lia 34 8
boi kai koi-lam hli kira koi ;
cC'k pi cu lak ; lend rae a
helping hand. i kai
buy a coop to keep the fowls in. koi-lam
nguii lAk h(5 ho has good eyesight.
; i sIm kh&m kai teng; a lamp having an openwork
sS u mfik lak; he is cfa
very sharp-sighted. convex shade.
keng u kui kfii lak ? How much strength is
required to draw this bow ? lieh Q \\ix ^^™ The black olive.
khi lak liang cia° co tit lai ; there must be J^S
IJ^ 603 21
"^^
lam lam to scald olives,
;
^
such a measure of strength in order to do it. lam charred olive pits.
hilt thiia"; lam ])hiie
mih sii tieh liang Iftk jA kia"; you must act kp; a conserve of black olives. 1dm jiu the;
according to your strengtli in whatever you do. meat from black olive pits.
i kui huk htk \\6 he has great aptitude in
;
learning. c6ng nslng pia" lak khu cp; all him 64 To grasp; to carry with a
join your forces and go and do it. cio'-se" 502 hand or in both arms; to
21 firm
cia" tit Ink thus it may be made effective,
; engross ; to monopolize to hug close grasping,
; ;
mfon lak khu kia"; go and do it by main pau lam sii-s5ng; an attorney who takes the
strength. i kili chfu lak toa
;
ho has great whole management of affairs for his client, i
strength of arm. lien lai Q lak; strengthened kui hiie-miieh Q lam-cai a bp ? Is there a bill of
by exercise. lak jii tien ju t5a ; the more lading for his goods ? sie him koi"; embrace
each other. i no
strength is exercised the greater it becomes, nang td lam-ka-piiah ; the
ci'a lak to kut toi k6; he is
reserving his
two are wrestling, lam-kau, lam thoi" tl-tiang
strength. via to b6 ie lak, cp m lai ; I have ia"; wrestle and see who is the stronger, tiii i
not the muscular vigor necessary to do it. Idm kin-kin hugged him close.
; lam lio m
i no nang t(5 to lak ; the two are measur- hau" pang; clasped him in both arms and
ing their sti'ength with each other. i would not let him go. lii tieh nie lia lam e ie ;
kai cp su giap-ljlk cai ; he acts with great you must give me the grasp under the arms,
energy. khang-khue tieh lak cp, cu tieh lak in wrestling. cia hph IS lam this is a whole ;
thuk work must be done with vigor, and study

;
armful. ci cang chin, ti no nang lam this ;
must be pursued with zeal. G lak m ho cin tree is so large that it would take two persons
chut ; one should not expend all his strength, with outstretched arms to compass it.
ko sin lak rely on supernatural help.
; cin
nang lak, theng thien kong ; exert human lam147 To take a view of, to inspect.
strength to the uttermost, and then depend on 602 14 cek lam cin cai understood ;
lielp from heaven. ki mueh u bwn kun

ci the whole thing at a glance, lam ko, cai kim ;
lak ;
this will bear a strain of a thousand review the past in order to comprehend the
pounds weight upon it without breaking. b6 present. phak lam khun cu ; has read a host
Lia kha lak, kia" khu have not the re- m ;
of books. kiong thia" gu lam I respectfully ;
quisite strength of limb to enable me to walk send this up for Your Majesty's. inspection.
there, ci kui kua" io lak li sii this
magistrate ;
attends to his business with considerable

v'l^ 1^°^ ?^ Mire ; miry ; mud, slush ;
assiduity, bp hie" lak ; I am not called upon 1/L 630 5

slushy,
to exert myself in such fashion. mai" khah hai phia" kai lam thp ; the the seamud from
lS,k thang ; do not be too lam ie"; mud-flats. tho lam-lam, tah
eager to earn money. shore.
Liin lak pia" cp ; redouble your exertions, Iph khu cu bit pin kha-liam ; the mud is very
and get it done the sooner. khua lak ; soft, and if you step on it you sink up to your
strength of thigh, acquired in riding. i k§.i shins, tho lam, tham Iph khu, lop-ce-kie the ;
hak-miig si to ti-tiang ko tit lak kai ? From mud is slushy, and when you step into it there
whom did he acquire his aptitude for learn- is a splashing sound. cia si phien i khu loh
ing ? lam ; this is leading him into the slough.
M
\km
lam
640 splash.
85
8^
kiiu cek sin tap-tap-tih
To drench
drenched so that ;
;
to souse ;
to lfi.m
502
46
"9^ ;
Vapor or
malarious
mist.
sua" -lam ciang-khi
vapor among mountains, nang a si chok tieh
sua"-h1m ciang-khi cu ai" se° pe"; if people
he was dripping wet. eng kun ciii hu lam
i nng sonse it with hot water to soften it.
;
imbibe malaria they become ill.
fe chpli ci'ii Isii Isim koi dip out some water ;
and scald the fowl. lam thfiu him hi" cu ^Fl=f lam 173 Long continued rain.
502 ir hia ho che"-iam What tor-
lam loh khu pour it over him, head and ears,
;
7(vtC !
him pug-am rents of rain ho toa cS.i li-k\vn lam ; a

(as water from a shower-bath),
!
;
torrent of rain pouring incessantly.

drench it with rice water, lu kfii sa" lam tieh
iu your tunic is splashed with oil.
;
khut kiin
was splashed by the hot lam-lii
Ragged ; shabby.
ciii lam ksiu kai pliH, ; T^"ffl* T^KS
water so as to have a blister raised, i khut la i^t TJuL ^02 sa" lam-lu garments ;
lam kan hi'am-hiam si he came very near be- shabby. cek sin cheng kau lam-lam lii-lu ;
;
he was clothed in rags.

ing scalded to death by the lard splashing
over him.
"^^
Iriitl
lam
602 lA
140
Blue indigo blue.
lam sek blue. ji
liim
;
; ;
^ lam 75 An even grained, yellowish,
614 9 fine wood, used for furniture;
it grows in Kiang-si.
navy blue. sa" lam dark blue. giieh lam; ;

cia° nng-lam; the real, elastic, yellow-wood.
it-pi'n lam blue black, chili lam khi-irim a fragrant wood brought from Anam,
pale blue, ; ; ;
a greenish blue. gek lam a bluish green, ;

and used for beads.
thien lam azure. ;
i si sia tleh lam piig kai ;
he is writing out essays on thin paper for the /Tvjv lam 38 Covetous; greedy.
use of lazy students. po-lam siia" dark blue ;
^^S 602 8 tham-lam ;
avaricious.
thread. lam po sa" a jacket of dai'k blue
cotton cloth.
;
>iK5 ISm 85 A
freshet; profuse; excessive;
^ML ^03
14 lawless ; irregular ; beyond
lam The male of the human
102 bounds ; unsettled.
614 species ; a baron; the lowest
2 cui hiiam-lam ; the water surges, huam-huam
of the five ranks of nobility. lam-lam chwn bo tia" ke" surging to and fro, ;
lam-ct^ ;
a son ;
a man. l&m-cu hang manly. ; with no fixed channel. co kua"-hu kai nang
lam-jiii men. ;
lam nng male and female. ; m hd lS,m h§ng ; magistrates must not inflict
lam hu lau lu"; those of both sexes and of all excessive punishments. iie mai" iSm ta", su
ages, lam ke ;
the men folk. thau tho si se° mai" lam co do not speak heedlessly, and do
;
lam a se° nng ? "Was her first born a boy or a not act lawlessly, lam-sam ; heedless, lawless,
girl ? lam-ciak ;
a baron. careless, wanton. ci"-ngun mai" lam eng ; do
not spend your money thoughtlessly. mai"
hxm 24 South southern austral.
; ;
lam kau-chap pheng-iu ; do not heedlessly
614 7 lam hng the southern re- ;
enter into friendships. ISra po ; give a
gions, lam poi" kai tl-hng juah southern
security carelessly to recommend without full
;
;
countries are warm. ci koi" chu hiang lam,
knowledge. co ti hie" 15m ? How could you
hu koi" si CO lam this house fronts the south,
;
be so heedless ?
that one has its back to the south. huang-
ihai tbau kau hu biie cu ai" a hue lam ; when — lang —
the typhoon has blown itself out it veers to the
south. ci lam cam ; a magnetic needle, lam "jlfcfe* lang Wide apart open ; having
103 ;
a warehouse where northern and J5/IL 775 7 interstices,

pak hang ;
southern goods are exchanged. mai" pai khah lang ; do not set them too far
apart. thoi" tieh lang-lang ne ; it appears as
lam 1G7 To wash over with metal ;
if the spaces between were very wide. cie"-
1065 7 to plate, se° khah hi-lang, tieh cp bak-cak ce ; that is
naug bOe si lam se"-thih kai, cong-kii to men ; too open, it must be made closer.
are not plated with iron that they last forever.
10, i m tieh lam se"-thih kai and moreover, 130
thick indurate skin on A
;
lang
he is not invulnerable. hu toi tang kai, ci 65 the hands and feet,
5
gua si lam ngun kai ; the inside is brass, and phoi kha-lang; pare off the indurate skin on
the outside is overlaid with silver. the feet.
lang 61 Lazy; remiss; disinclined to. lang-chiii kai p6 ; remnants of cloth. lang«
603 16 chili kai ngun-nie ; the residue of the funds,
lang-toa°; lazy;
languid,
sa" ni'e lang no hun three taels, no mace and
ciu-jit to si lang-lang t6a°-toa°, chwn jIi co ;
two candareens. choi" lang si a thousand

kang-hu; loafs around all day and does no ;
work, lang-lang tbang-thang ; very listless. and forty, peh lang ngo ; a hundred and five,
no peh bo lang; two hundred and nothing
lang 118 bag; a sack. A over. kiii-u kai put kue lang-che"-chui.tiam;
G15 22 khang lang tng-lSi ; came the surplus consists of nothing more than a few
back with an empty bag. sie" lang ; a haver- odds and ends. lang-lang chui-chui jvvn boi ;
sack, tek lang ; a splint bag. sin cp cek lang ;
sell off as may chance to be possible in bits and
kept them and put them all into one bag. pieces. lang-ld ; a little, a small quantity or
a short piece. ai" ka lang-lp, i liku"; he is m
lang 98 The female of beasts. not willing to cut off a short piece for one.
41: 697 lu lang ; a young sow.
2 si chun lang-l<5 tia"-tla°; have only a little left,
ko a si lang ; is it male or female ? ngio h&i" ke lang-lp thoi" i hau" m5 offer him a ;
lang ;
a female kitten, gu-hing ; a heifer. little more and see if he will consent. lang-
An interim ; to leave a lang \6-]6 mileh, chin-chai ce; it is a very
jTST Ij^ng 11^
slight thing, do not be exacting about it. ci
__~l*^ 464 8 Space between ; an inter- hfie bp lang- 1(5 cl"; have at present scarcely any
stice to omit a portion.
;
cash. ci hue kiiu cjip tiam lang ;
it is now
lang kui kai ji ; left out several letters, lang ua pang u lang-kia" much
sa" kai ; omit three. past ton o'clock.
IKng cek hieh li'o cla' to i kp ; 1 left a few things in his care. iieh
h(5 si'a leave one blank page and then write,
;
ke Iftng jit cia" u ; there will be some in a few
mng e ai" lang jieh kui" ? How wide a space cfa siig si lang-sang much ; this is a
is to be left at the bottom of tlie door ? tin- days.
thing of littlevalue, i ii lang boi a bp ? Does
tang lang ii k6 tl an open space is left in the
;
he sell any at retail ? tih lang tiam Iph khu ;
middle of the grounds. Ikng tio nQ h6 chftng
m ho cph ; not reckoning two acres which are drop in a few drops. l^ng peb ci* su, mai°
pph khah thfam ; do not bicker too much about
unfit for cultivation. miia'-ti-kp khui theng a matter of a few hundred cash, cuah u lang-
}hng o vent holes opening in
;
all directions.
li lo lacks a few miles of it. cek kia" kaa
;
lang 130 Pus. l&ng kai ngun one of them costs but a few
;
Hg
J^ 643 13 Be" lung; to produce pus.
dollars, lang-lftug sn-su ; a very little.
tie" liing; puffed up witli pus. khi-tliau-e 172 Hard; difficult; grievous;
Itlng
chut cek kc)ng lang, ta" si lua lung-cui tia°;
614 11 neither easy nor pleasant;
at the first a hard lump of pus came out of it,
seldom attained ; to harass,
and now it exudes only wateiy pus. k^n
lang cp ; hard to do. lang seng ; difficult of
14ng bring to a head, make ripe for opening,
accomplishment, lang tit; not easily attained
;
.
liu kau laug-thau chut lai ; squeeze out the

core (of a boil). thie i chut lang; open it
lang tSu i m lai? Can you think he wou'c
come ? Id mki" Iflng-ui i do not you vex him.
and let out the pus. i s6 phiii kai si lang, si m Iftng thoi"; repulsive. unspeakable,
lang
;
ta°;
th^m what he expectorates is pus, not mucous, know.
lang Tcai; difficult to
;
lang thia";
tang i khu tho lang tho hueh, mai° chai i ; let
liim go and spue out his bile, and pay no
unpleasant to hear about. lAng siang-sin ;
incredible. i cl hue kang-lang-khiin-kho kai
attention to him. ko lang; to form pus.
si-hau ; he is now in distress. lang thang ;
kam-lang kam-lang raw and mattery.

hardly earned.
;
•Jblll "iRfl lang-kang

^ A balustrade ;
a rail- lang 140 A general name for or-
tttli loi iug. 501 Tf chideous plants,
ui cek teug lang-kang ;
inclose with a railing, cu-lang ; an orchid. me''-lang the white
lily, ;
si cieh lang-kang a si cha lang-kang ? Has it koi-

ngo-hieh-lang ; the five leaved orchid.
a stone or a wooden baluster ? i chap u
lang-kang kha-lang ; the fowl's foot orchid.
mag ; a grated door. cek pang gueh-lang hue ; he has become a
member of a loan association.
1^ l^ng 173 What exceeds a round num-
645 5 ber ; a fraction ; a residue ; lang 128 Deaf hard;
of hearing.
a remainder in numeration, a cypher showing
; 668 16 hi" lang ;
deaf. te° lang
that one denomination is not used.. e ; pretend to be deaf and dumb. hi° lang,
kau sie"; made deaf by having the ear-wax dug /A^ lang 9 To stretch forth to thrust ;
out too forcibly. hi" cek pua" king hie"-se°; 736 5 out; to project,
|fp
hi" cek p6i" lung ; deaf in chiu lang chut lai khut sin-se" thoi"; hold out
partially deaf.
one ear. your arm that the doctor may look at it. sa"-
lung 195 The scales of fish scaly.
ng khah oih, chiu lang Iph khu cu tck tieh ;
'^3^ ;
the sleeve of ray tunic is too tight, and when

^WtT 541 12 hu lang ; fish scales, phah
I thrust in my arm it pinches. kha lang t5
tlo lang take off the scales. hu-la,ng sie ciap ;
;
a mack- liam giia khut i thoi"; put her foot out from
overlap like fish scales, hu-lang hun ;
behind the screen that he might look at it.
erel sky. chiu teng se° liap hu-lang cue has ;
lu kui phoi-ta" lang jip lai khut i cih reach

a wart on his hand. bo lang hu ; scaleless ;
fish, sin teng chie" lang-kak has scurvy. your carrying pole in and let her take it. sam
;
khah tiig m
hp lang jip khu the timber is too ;
lang 112 A mill used in hulling paddy. long, and cannot be projected in. lang kai
Tg" lang pi; the shaft of the mill
568 thau chut lai I'am ; thrust out her head and
lung hi"; the sides of the mill, oi lang; to turn scrutinized it. i kî cua-cam lang-a-lang ;
the mill. darts out his forked tongue.
^K lang 118 A
cage an open basket for
;
lang 172 Calamity; trouble; difficulty.
fi^ 568 16 carrying birds or animals, 614 11
cai-lang ; adversity. kho-
cio-lung a bird-cage.
; teng-lang ; a lantern. lang; distress, toa lang great affliction. ;
i
^ 504 "7~
lang 163 A term of respect for officers
and others a gentleman,
koh-e u kui ui leng-lang ? How many sons
i kai kfa" to
;
si to lang kau ci-kp lai kui
escape from trouble.

perience hardship.
trouble. k\u
he came here to
siu kho siu lang
kho km lang rescue from

ex-
;
cau lang ;
;
encounter
have you remaining near you ? ;
CO ll-po lang-tong ; his sou is a clerk in the distress. lang jit ce kite cu hd ; when these
Board of Civil Office. troublous days are passed, all will be well.
lang 94 A cruel wild beast.

— lap —
505 7 chai-lang ; wolves. lang lap 37 A case ;
a wrapper ;
to encase ;
sim, kau heng ;

unmerciful and savage. 871 7 to snare,
A porch. cek hii chiu-lap a pair of gloves. khah toa,
lang 53
;
504 10 li'ang lS,ng; side porches; lap mloh ; it is too large and will not go into
vestibules on either side.
the case. khieh kai p6-tp
lai lap ; take a bag
and slip this into lap Iph khu kin-km ;
it.
m lang 85 Waves, billows, surges pro-

505 7 fligate, dissipated, wasteful;
the mind not settled.
; it goes into the case with no room to spare,
tang lia lap sang bueh lio ; wait till I put on

ray stockings. cia sng si lap tieh kui, si m
ci kai kia" si lang-tang cai this son is very
; hau" kai ; this was something that circum-
unsteady. pp lang thau thi"; the billows rise stances forced him into, not something that he
to heaven. laug-tang kia"-ti a spendthrift. ; did willingly. lap tieh cu pak lut ; if you m
i to si
lang-lang tang-tang, m
kheng ua"-ce" cp get involved in it, you cannot afterward free
cia"-keng su-ngiap; he is always drifting about yourself. i kai ue ta'" Ifo lap sin, ka-ki lap
from one thing to another, and will never ka-kl ; he implicated himself by his own talk,
quietly follow any fixed occupation, i cia" lap to lap, to si to kuang nang ;
he casts
74 his noose hither and
thither, everywhere
lang Clear, as moonlight.
i cia ue si to
505 when ensnaring people. lap i k3.i ;
7 gueh I5ng, che" hi ; in saying this he is laying a snare for her.
the moon is bright the stars are sparse.
i hua"-hi
nang lap kau to ; he is delighted
lang 55 To use badinage to trifle ; when he can get anyone to be his lackey, cia
569
4 and toy with, silap tieh chi-tek khut ; this is being caught
lang ke, seug cin began in jest and ended in
; on the spikes of the thorny bamboo. sa° si
earnest. lang kha, hwn cwt the pretended ; khut kheng-ki" lap lih the jacket was rent
;
expert turned out to be a fool ; he thought he by catching upon the rim of the basket, i lap
would do a smart thing and got into trouble, nang kai ce, lap kau bit-bit he is over head ;
ce bo nang tit i ui i cu ka" ISng khwn as ; and ears in debt, ce lap pin mak in debt up ;
soon as there is no one at hand of whom he is to his eyes. lap kau i ce jin cii phoi" i ;
afraid, he ventures to abuse his liberty. entrap him into confessing and then bring him
to trial, kua kliieh 14i lap loh khu; bring the

cover and slip
}/aJ^ lap 75
it on.
To inoculate or infect witli

m lau
629
9
6 ;
A
person a fellow ; one of a
a demeaning term not
class
infrequently added to the name of a calling,
;
^T^ 286a disease. 6 hiang-pa lau ; a boor, a clod-hopper. cuang

i
lap tak, lap kau cek sin lok-lok ; he has taken CO gua-kiing lau; pretended to be a fellow
a vile disease and has it so badly that he is from some distant place. ki-e lau ; a Tartar.
rotten with it.
Isia 118 A basket woven of withes
/^
p^ 1076
184 To bale out; to dip out.
7
lap
cun toi kui cui kliii lap
514
cek kha iu-lau
11
;
and made water
an oil hamper.
tight,
cheng-khih bale out all the water from the

;
bottom of the boat. lap lia" ciii Ifti khut ua ;

lau 187 To swindle ; to take ad van-
dip up a bowlful of water and give it to me. I^WW 601 9 tage of.
i to kuang-liin iiftng; ho swindles people,
lap 120 To pay at stated times ; to lau-kla"; a swindler.
Gil 4 pay or present to govern-
ment. lau 140 The siri used with betel.
lap hiang pay duties,
; lap Aang-nle pay the ;
608 6 lau-hieh ; siri leaf. phah
land tax. b6 chang (jug hip jieh coi nie ? khau lau-hleh ; roll up a mouthful of siri leaf.
What tax is paid on each acre of arable land,
cfa pho cek ni lap i jieh coi ? How much do ^ffib
lû6^ To girdle with ; to wear
you pay him per year for the use of this shop ? fW 846 8 lû thih-s(5 ; to wear fetters,
lau chau-soh ; be led by a straw
si lA,p nge kai a si cie
shg ? Is it paid in money rope, as are
at a fixed time, or is it reckoned in account? women who are rejected and sent back to their
kui-ll si soi" lap 5u ke", a si soi" ke° ftu lap ? father's house from a husband's home, i chia
Which the local usage, to pay the reut and

is teng Iku cek pak hio"-cu he wore a string of ;
then the ground, or to first till the ground

till
scented beads on his wrist. lau chiu-eoh;
and then pay the reut ? wear chain bracelets.
lap co pay rent, ;
ci kai kua si kicn-lap kai kua"; this

magistrate
is one who got his office by purchase. y^ ^^^
797
—
14
"^^ purge ; to flow off.
iûy lan-siii ; diarrhea. i si
cng
162 mixed kai lau sdi-cui, r7i
seng pun he has none but
lllp unassorted,
lap-cap ; ;
;
497 15 confused ; sweepings rub- watery stools, lau hiia" kfii o-lo hueh chut lai;
;
bish, boi chun kai ci" boi co lap-cap much the ;

passed dark murky blood several times.
money that I had left after making my pur-
chases, I spent in buying various little things,
vJW lau 162 To linger ; to delay ; to saun-
eng i td H liip-cap kai su employ him to do ;

JS
cdk
548^
To ter.
hu-kd tau-lau kdi
16 ci-kp tau-lau kiii
odd jobs. ci choh cap-cup kfii mtieh jit,
Ifip-ldp
siu CO cek ta°; put these various articles all jit, ciig kai m on the way lingered
cin-coi";
into one carry, i ci khi lap-cap j! bo mih pat ;
here a few days and there a few days, and
he is not well acquainted with these unclassi- made no progress at all.
fied characters.
— lau — Iftu
507
19 To
toil, to labor, to fag at ;
to exert one's self for another;
10
to trouble one, as with a commission ; to dis-
lau 125 Aged ; venerable ; a term of
608 tress ; careworn, burdened ; services to the
respect, resembling Sire; old ;
out of date ;
inert. state ;
meritorious deeds.
lau honored Sir.
£-u ;
lau iu° cng klii lai ; old lau-tong lu; I am putting you to trouble on my
and young all came. lau-jiak feeble from ;
account. lau-tong kui-ke ; I wish to engage
age. keng lau, cun hien ; revere the aged, and your valuable help. ho khah lau sin ; m
honor the learned, lau-sit ; harmless witless ; ;
do not take too much anxious thought about
simple ; gullible ; gentle ; tractable, cp su lau- it. lau sim thai kue ; overburdened with
lien versed in affairs, sio ni lau sdng ; an old
;
care, i co su khun-lau c&i; he does things in a
head on young shoulders. lau-kun ; lau-cii i cek se° lau-kho; hers

; veiy painstaking way.
names of the founder of the sect of Rationalists, is a life of toil. lau-lau I6k-16k kue c€k si ;
or Tauists. hut lau no ka ; the two sects, toil and moil through life, cai i kai kong-lau ;
Buddhists and Tauists. know bis merit, lau ke ; excuse my troubling

yon. cia khali u lau this is making you too

; cau-be-hiu a verandah ; a corridor, mo" lau;
;
lunch trouble. cie"-se" si tliu lau bo iah ; this an observatoi'y a balcony ; a lookout.
; I4u
is laboi'iiig in vain, lau lak kai nang; a toiler, thai ; a staging for performances. lilu c^"; a
tieh Ham pe-bo kii lau kai un must recollect ; skylight. lau thui a stairway. ;
Iftu pang ;
the gracious kindness of our parents in their the floor of a chamber. lau e"; floor beams,
former labors for us. lau kim jieh coi ? What ci koi" chii ngo in Iftu ; this house has five
was the amount given as a reward for his stories.
services ? cang ci kai hli chlu i kai lau take ;
this and present it to him in recognition of J^l lau 102 To detain ;

to stop a guest ;
services kindly rendered, ra ho khah kue bua- P-l 547 keep back to delay,
5 to ;
kue iu-
khut i lau-cu to ko has been retained by him.
lau do not drudge too incessantly. ;
jvvu lau, i m kheng na ko

;
lau cu ai" se" pc"; moiling too much will bring however much I ;
exerted myself to keep her, she would not stay,

on illness, i ci kai pe" si hu-lau kai pe"; this
ci kia" mueh
sickness is the I'esult of overwork. lau-pang-ko cp ceng-ku keep ;
this to use as a proof of it. lau pang mua-ca
m hiu
37
85
12
rising or falling ?
The
\Cm ti"
tide.
hlu-cui oi kau ci a
a khp ? Is the tide
boi ?
ciah set it aside to eat to-morrow.
;
sie phua"; kept her to be

I2,u i to
company for me.

hvvn-lio lau u ti ; there is still some empty
Does the tide reach to this point or not ? l&u space left, bp lau i ; did not urge her to stay,
lau kho kau tau-lau i na kp ; forcibly detain him. tau-l&a
pe"; the tide is motionless. tah-
i kai mueh-kia", mai" i khu
tah ; the tide is at its lowest ebb. kiia" lau ; ; forcibly detained
follow the tide, ngek lau ; go against the tide. her things to keep her from going. mill su
bp lau cheng is not accommodating in any-
;
wS^t lau 85 The flowing of water ;

to thing, khut i lau to ciah ; kept him to dinner,
ViLf 549 7 circulate ; to diffuse itself to lau jim ; press to remain in office. ceng nang
;
shed; to flow out; fluid. khu lau jim ; all went to protest against his
lau ciii me"; the current is swift, sun lû to ;
removal from office,
go with the tide. ngek lau ; the" lau to ;

lau 104 Wasting away from toil or
go against the current. ci ko kai cun
61 kia" lau ciii kai ; the boats hereabouts are 509 12 atrophy of the viscera ; con-
made to go with the current. ho huang m sumption of the bowels marasmus, ;
hu-lau kai pe"; a wasting disease a pining

pha" lau ; with a fair wind there is no fear of ;
the tide. ci ko si lau sim ; the centre of the away, lau pe"; phthisis emaciated and con- ;
current is here. hueh lau, hueh tih ; the sumptive, lau sie", hu siin injured so as to ;
blood runs, lau mak-cap ; to shed tears,

tng
produce a chronic atrophy, as by immoderate
lau khoi ciii ; an ever flowing stream, ciii lau lifting.
bo ko khu; the water has no outlet. thek si-
lau 125 Aged venerable a term of
kang-kfa" lau ; to float on the tide.
; ;
ci tlo
kau lau loh khoi, khoi cu lau Iqh hai ; this 608 respect,
drain flows into the river, and the river flows
lau n^ng ; iSu nang ke ; venerable sir an old ;
person, lau nang hok-sek ; garments suitable

into the sea. thog thong khut i lau poke ;
for the aged. lau uang ; the old king. la.u
it open and let it flow sak kin boi
along.
lau ; tightly obstructed so that it cannot flow. sin-se"; the venerable teacher. lS,u tai-jin ;
lau phi".cui ; mucous running from the nose.

Your Excellency. lau ia; Your Worship; a
lau hi" l^ng koi pus running from the ear. god. hu kai si i kai lau kong-phua ; those
;
are his grandparents.
75 A loft a staging
X^ lau a tower ;
; ;
J^ l:S!^
lau-ien An adulterer.
l:^C
house ;
513 11 the upper floor or storey of a
a chamber a large fine shop; a porch
;
^ V 30*%
sim-mih
381 hu kai
What
did the one who
?
ai" cp lau-ien kai,
or raised portal ; storied. khau-keng

was tried for adultery say in his own defense ?
lau teng, lau e ; up stairs and down stairs, no
cang lau ; two storied. kau-lan ; go to
cie" ^^1 To drip ; to leak to ooze out;
85
an eating room. ji in lau; the second storey.
YJS ;
ISu cie" ke lau; storey above

\/m 514 11 to lose, to disclose, to blab, to
let slip ; to lose
storey. che"-lau; sight of ; to let in, as light ; a
a brothel. sia" lau te'ng; a tower above the
clepsydra.
city gate. ceng lau a belfry. ; ko lû a ; p6 lau ; to mend a leak, chu-teng oi lau a
drum tower. ke" lau ; a watchman's loft. boi ? Does the roof leak ? ho ce toa lau kau
lok-lok; whenever it rains Lard ifc leaks so kui-ku when he is larger he will without
;
that everything is dripping wet. i kai cun doubt know how to behave himself, ta* le ciu
tiam lau khu ; his boat was made to leak by m 81 cie°-Be°; now-a-days, it is not so. i ta"
hitting upon a stone. siap-lau to ooze out. ;

ho le ;
he says it is finished. mai" le ; I do
cau laa ; run out. tling-hu tih-lau a clepsy- ;
not want it.
dra. 6i jui-lau mueh-kia" a boi ? Did he leave
any property ? c\ kai lai cho cui boi lau ; this le-ke 65 A sham ; pretence ; false.
will not leak if water is put in it. khieh khu 569 le-ke ; made showily
4 cp khu
kek, th6i° oi lau a b6i take it and go and ;
and not substantially. ci ciah chng cp lai le-
press it down on the water and sec whether

it ke, rli toi", m
cin tie"; this table is shabbily put
leaks or not. khut i lau raJlng khu; let him together, it is neither strong nor well joined.
slip out of the net. cun kau kang tang p6 lau ua thia" tieh lo-le ke-ke, cp-ni cu cin-sit c'ie°-
chi } it is rather late to stop the leak when the se"; it sounds to me like a trumped up story,
boat is in mid channel, ci ksli kha-thftng ISu ; how is it that it can be true.
this wash-tub leaks, i kai ciah si tih tieh h6
lau kai ; the marks have been made by the — leh —

rain dripping on it. thJli lau wait for an
ci kla" su m
h(5 lau-hnang ; do not
;
leh 178 A
sharp report of thunder ;
opening. ^ 537 a clap. 16
breathe a word concerning this matter.
lui leh-leh-kie; the thunder sounds in short
lau 191 Hum bustle tumult. sharp claps. tAng-ca lui kong kia leh, si khu
P^l ; ;
si G slm-mueh kai le"; a little while ago there
IrpJ 617 6 lau-jlet; much commotion;
to and hii ko khah was a sudden sharp clap of thunder, it sounded
many going fro. lau-jiet ;
as if it might have struck and killed something.

there is too much bustle there. mua°-tI-ko
h(5-h<5 si-si lui leh-ce-kie ; it thundered unex-
lau-lau jiet-jiet ; a great stir everywhere.
pectedly.
M lau
514
104
11
A purient tumor.
thi-lau
— laub —
; bleeding piles.
Pi
he
537
leh
speaks in a very
30
16
A
i kfti
noise of splitting.
ue tu" lai h'o-h'o leh-leh
shrill voice, ci kfii soi
;
kai
ta"khu keng kai t5a kai ta" khu
lio-leh, hii
lauh 184 To
lap up with the tongue. kong hu-thu the
fellow speaks very
; little
899 6 thia" ki" tu to lauh phun ;
shrilly, while his elder brother speaks more
heard the swine eating their swill. ci ciah iu
softly.
tho ciah cSi, lauh kau co cheng-khih cheng-
khih this hog is very eager for food, he has 18 To cut open ; to slash.
;
leh
eaten his trough quite clean. kdu ip lauh tu-thau leh cp no p6i"; cut the
cui, ngio to lauh nek-thng ; the dog is lapping
ilj 637 16
pig's head in two. klie ai" leh cp kui liam ?
water and the cat is lapping soup. How many pieces shall I cut the cake into ?
khut to leh tieh was cut by the knife when I
;
_ lauh 53 Dilapidated and ready to was cutting up something. leh cp si kak ;

'M. 6 tumble down,
11
i leh to, khu tui i si he cut open
bo mih ci°; this house is quarter it. ;
cia chii lauh cSi, tiik hisown bowels, in order to convict the other
very dilapidated and is not worth much, hfa man of crime, leh peh ah, khu tu tlo i killed ;
chii lauh-lauh, put kii tieh to ; that house is
one of their own party, in order to use the
very shaky, and will tumble down before long. death as a counter charge against the enemy,
— — le
ci ciah koi leh-khui hu-toi ceng-ceng \k when
this fowl was cut open the inside was full
;
% le
5 -A- particle used to arrest the
1079 2 attention, and not usually
needing to be translated.
i le to m cai ho khiah
of fat.
other.
sie thai sie leh ; cut and slash each
as for him, he knows

; l^h 104 A scratch ; a trace left by
not good from evil, cp ua le cu ai"; if it were ,. ^ 167 6 claws,
I, I should want it. c6i° le mih- much to ii ;
chiu khut ngio jio kau cek Idh cek l^h ; his
formerly, everything was to be had. jiak si hand has been scratched by the cat. lu
lia le, ciu m cie"-se" cp ; if it were I, indeed I khut khau kau hie" coi leh ? "Who has
ti-tiang
would not do so. kip kau i toa le ciu hio scratched you like that ?
leli 77 To pass throngb ;

to oxpe- lek 77 To pass through or over ; to
537 12 Hence ; passing away ;
to 537 12 experience arrayed in order, ;
pass over, by oi' to; successive. lek iii kai tang h(5 the crops have been good
;
Ich cliio m pat u kai su soiuetliing that has

;
for successive years. ua lek lai th6i"-ki'' sa"
not happened during several dynasties, leh-lai hue ; I have seen it three times in succession,
bue u; hitherto it has not happened, naiig meng ci'a su i
pat keng-lek kiie; he has had experience
i hu-leh ;
inform one's self concerning his an- in such matters. bo keug bo lek m ka" khin
tecedents, leh i\i hu-ko cau ciii cai ; year after eng ; having no previous experience in it, I
ycnY that place has suffered from floods, leli- dare not lightly make use of it.
leh kbo khau every particular can be proven,

;
170
High, dry land ; land in
lek
leh cin chi-llen khd-cho; I have passed through j^^
all trials, i Ian nang I'o ii Iwt-leh; this aged man I ~KX 8 distinction from water,
562
i si kia" ISk lo, a si kia" cui l6 ? Did he
has had experience. i raih su to Iwt-leh kue ;
go by
he has passed through all sorts of experiences. land or by water ? i si lek lo kai thi-tok ; he
b6 Iwt bo leh co hie" koi pat with no experi- is the Commander-in-Chief of the Provincial
;
ence in it, how can you so easily understand it. troops.
^jWk
^'^^^
— ^ ^''°p-
104
16
Scrofulous swellings
evil,
kin sa
VJti 537 16 tek leh
the sap of the ; bam-
boo, regarded as a febrifuge.
lek ;
he has king's evil.
— lek — — leng —
lek 19 To
rein in, to restrain to
167
small bell with a clapper. A
;
509 leng-leng-kie si ti-tiang to

5
9 require of; to oblige to do; ie long ? Who is it that is ringing a bell and.
to exact unjustly ; to bind ; to cut in stone,
making that jangling sound ? be' am e kua
lek-cu be ; rein in a horse. ci kia" su si i to
kai leng ; the horse wore a bell under his neck.
khie-lek he is taking an unlawful advantage
;
in this. lek-sok ; to extort to compel assent, ;

To push.
le'ng 64
lek-sok nfing kai ci"; extort money from people, 926 8
leng to pushed it over, ;
pek-lek; to ill use; harsh requirements. pek- khut i leng puah loh khu was pushed by ;
lek ksiu i si'; kill her by harsh treatment, mia" him so that I fell down, nang-mueh coi oi-oi
lek to pho teng ; his name is cai'ved in the list,
leng-leng there were a great number of peo-
;
mia" long-cong lek to pi teng the names ai'e ;

ple, crowding and pushing. i
leng i puah
all graven on the tablet, sio-bak lek tit; the loll hai he pushed her into the sea. lia mang
;
account is adjusted, be-lek-to ; a saddle girth, X bua, Iti
leng i khui when I was pulling it ;
be-lek-to tieh lek ho, lek m-ho cii ui puah tieh; toward me, you pushed it away. leng m tin-
the saddle girth must be carefully fastened, if it
tang it does not budge when pushed.
; thoi"
is not, there is
danger of falling off. chue tio like pushing and crowding
ke'ng sie le'ng ;
soil lai'lek tia"; get a rope and gird it up

kin each other at a show.
tightly, kliut i lek toa-bo-miieh ci" khu; had a
large amount of money exacted from me by him. y/^ leng 9 To stand on tiptoe.
Ill 349 4 leng khi kha cu th6i"-ki"; if
lek 120 The hue of leaves a
bright ;
you stand up straight you will see it. leng
A|*rIV 563 8 green, kui" ce cu khieh tieh stretch up a little higher ;
lek jong green baize. ang lek p6 red and and you will reach it.
; ; ce leng kui" cu m6ng
green stuffs, cheng kau hue-a,ng lia-lek gor- ; tieh as soon as I stretched up I got hold of it.
;
geously attired. lek-sek ; bright green. lek

leng khi kha to mo"; drawn up to his utmost
hwn ; green vitriol. 16k.ni kle ; a sedan chair kai kia"-lo long-kha-biio
height gazing at it. i
covered with green broadcloth. lek lim cu he walks on
leng-kha-biie ; tiptoe.
tang ia ii eng-hiong kai nang khut sin to hu-
ko in the forests also braves are crouched, 173 The spirit or
;
^^* leng energy of a
chaii sek, lek-lek green as grass,
;
ah sai lek ; "^tK 543 16 being ;
that which acts on
a dull mottled green. cinnamon
lek ciii kui ; others to produce effects spiritual, cthcrial ; ;
which makes a green infusion when steeped, intelligent; that which is eflScacious ; the
chi'en lek a pale green.
;
chim lek chim lek ; majesty of a god; felicitous; effective; powerful;
deep green. lek ia° kai pia''-be ; Chinese mysterious unseen ; obscure ; a disembodied
;
cavalry, lek-tau che"; apple green. agency } divine sapernatural aid ; whatever
;
can bold converse with the nnseen ; a coffin, as incapable, toa l6ng-&i
mighty. Id leng-tit
;
it contains the departed spirit the highest ;

cie"-se" me ? Can yon dothus ? put leng-tit ;
type of a class, as man is of created beings ;
cannot, leng-tit cp can do it. bp so put
;
lucky, opportune; subtile; ingenious; marvel- leng ; omnipotent. kla"-kia" leng, bo kia"
ous ; showing genius ; astute. ceng can do all sorts of things, but can do
;
ISng-ngiara effectual. ; leng-hiin ; the human nothing perfectly a jack-at-all- trades and
;
soul, including its intelligence and its substance. master of none. long nang fo put leng can ;
I6ng eng; a divine response, an effectual do what others cannot do. put leng cai un- ;
answer, ceng-leng ; clever, apt. sii-lai slm si knowable, leng sueh, put 16ng heng can dis- ;
16ng ihas heretofore manifested his superna-

;
course about it but cannot act up to it.
tural wonders. kiu bvvn se^-leng ; rescue all
living beings. Bia"-leng; the Holy Spirit (a "tin T*^ leng-l6ng Finely carved or cut
foreign term). Bxa"-leng kam-tong ; the Holy ÎJl^ •îJ 544 like grottoes; bright,
Spirit moves him. thiu cek ki leng chiara ; witty, ornate.
draw a lot from the box of splints shaken gek sek leng-ldng bright like jade. ;
i kai
before an idol. i k&,i khue sim-heng pi p&fc n&ng keng leng-long he is
pok lili Icng cfti ; ;
i kai sim
his cast in divination was very accumtely made, sharper witted than other people.
i si Jlu u leng cHi he manifested himself very
; leng-lOng long-long ; he is very bright.
intelligently after his death, hii k&i si li'o cng
kai b6 leng ; that one gave no spiritual mani- SH l«5ng
212 A dragon, the chief of scaly
festation of himself after he died.
ante-burial tablet.
leng-Oi; the
chiii cek kai leng-teng ;
nw 567 beings, and invested with
supernatural powers to change its shape ; used
make a canopy and platform for a body to lie as an emblem of imperial power and awe ; the
in state. pai hfte-lcng worship the ante- ;
emperor's person ; imperial dragon like by ; ;
burial tablet which is brought back from the Buddhists, used for nagas or snake gods ; in
grave. ti
long set the coffin in place, where
; matters relating to betrothals it is often used
it lies in stato. leng chng the platform, with ; for a man much used by georaancers to em-
;
the dead to be worshipped. sin-leng hii-co ; body those terrestrial and occult influences and
the gods and spirits lend their aid. l6ng-tong positions which act on and determine human
cSi; very quick of apprehension. leng-khi ; prosperity ; figured with dragons ; to pervade ;
the spirit or energy of a being. sua" chwn to bud.

kai Icng-kh} se° kfii ; what is produced by the phe leng-cun to paddlo a dragon boat long
; ;
indwelling power of the mountains and streams. narrow fast boats having a dragon's head at
the prow, and moved by many paddles, leng-
leng 128 A deer like a sheep, hav-
nau-hie"; Baroos camphor. leng-hie"; leng-
645 5 ing small horns which are ien-hie"; ambergris. 15ng ki the Chinese ;
prized as a medicine. flag, having a dragon on it. leng kia", ho" po ;

leng-iang an antelope.
; leng-Iang kak ; ante- a majestic bearing. ni'n khu ti-kp liah leng ?
lope's horns. Where did you go to obtain a site whose in-
^
iSng-gua
leng
546
2
80
more ; apart.
Besides
leng-ua"; still, again, besides, in ad-

;
;
another ;
f urther-
fluences would produce prosperity ? hai leng
uang; the sea-dragon king, or the Neptune of
the Chinese he is a naga whose glorious palace
:
is at the bottom of the ocean, north of Mount

dition to. leng-giia u jieh coi ? How many
more are there ? lu kio ua leng-ua" cp kai
Mern. 16ng pai the imperial tablet reverenced
;
;
you make another for me. l§ng-gua hwn-lio u by officers. tin-tang sai kp leng pai ; an im-
me ? Are there others beside ? perial tablet was set up in the centre. leng
l^ng boi c§k
chph bought some beside, i ai° leng-giia lai
meh the dragon's pulse, the subtle geomantic
;
;
am? Is he coming again ? mia" leng ku tokens and influences of a locality. ti-leng ;
;
my name is written elsewhere, (a phrase at the earth-worms. leng hong loi thiap betrothal ;
end of a note). i kui hia"-ti

cards. chim leng, tiam hwt ; search for the
Idng-cong leng
ku leng chwn the brothers all live separately
;
dragon and point out his den to fix on a lucky ;
and take their meals apart. spot. ISng to ngia cSi the site is a very fine
;
one. h'-hu thio leng mng ; the carp has vaulted

leng 130 Power, ability, skill; apt, over the dragon's gate ; rapid promotion.
'p^
Pu 616 6 capable, skillful, competent, leng-hui°-bue ; a water-spout, leng-chiu-chau ;
chai-leng ; talent.
leng-kang ; executive a species of bulrush, used for weaving mat-
ability, u l§ng-ui ;
is competent, bo leng-ui ; ting, ngo ji'o leng ; the five clawed dragon.
cheng leng phau wear a cloak which has the Pendant

I6ng 124 tail feathers.
;
figure of a dragon embroidered on it. hue-ge * 546 5 ti

hue-lSng; wear a peacock's
kuah CO chi"-leng kai ; the ornamentation is feather, as an official badge, lfi,m leng; a
that of a dragon cai'ved in bas-relief. kau- raven's plume. sa" ngan hue 16ng a three ;
leng p\vn tio ti-hng; a mountain dragon eyed feather, worn by high nobles, l^ng kng ;
despoiled the place, ue cp sang leng chie" p(5 the tube to hold the feather. poih tio i k&i
;
draw the figures of two dragons one on either leng ; deprived him of his feather, a mark of
side of a ball which they seem to be struggling official disapprobation. sfe" cek tio 16ng; to
for. long thau, hong biie the head of a ;
confer a feather as a reward.
dragon and the tail of a phenix. leng lang ;
the scales of a dragon. leng kauh cui ; a A

dr&gon wallowing in the water. leng-chiu
^H
V»^
J6ng
5455
196
general name for birds of
the wagtail and lark families,
ciii ; a steady pouring rain, li kau
leng-khang peh-leng ; the lark, i ki chui cu peh-leng ; he
thang h6"-khang ; tear it till the dragon's has a lark's mouth ; he is an eloquent
den trenches upon the tiger's ; rip it in pieces. speaker,
sai thoi"
ti-tiang kai peh-leng kie coi ie" sia";
find out by a match which lark can
\^S 15 To insult to treat vilely. singing
16ng ;
sing the best.
%^^^ 643 8 16ng-j6k to put to shame ; ;
to humble. siu i leng-jok was insulted by

him. mai" leng-ngiak i do not maltreat him.
;
/A. leng 9 Clever; sprightly.
;
IT* 544 5 leng-lai ; astute, shrewd,
si s\ khi-16ng nang makes use of his power to
;
quick-witted.
humble other people.
118 Tendrils.
^^* 173 The
drops of a shower.
last 'l^ Igng
"^Ti
leng
545 5 leng-loh stripped of leaves; ;
^^
chiu
864 kue thiu tio leng toa to
15
standing alone scattered, as a population, i ci

;
teng the melon has put forth a tendril
;
iiu kfii ke leng-loh li'o ; the family is now all

and is climbing the tree. tau kî leng ; the
scattered, ta" co-ni cu pai kau l^ng-leng loh-
tendrils of the bean-stalk.
loh ? How is it that they are now driven to
such straits as to be all scattered apart ? toa"
ktii kia°
mj|
ft 4
^^
5^^
leng-chi
64
The ignominious slow
punishment of quarter-
sap-sap lu", sit-cai si
leng-teng, ko-kho;
has only one miserable little child, and is in- ing a criminal, or cutting him in pieces,
deed solitary and forlorn. toa leng-chi ; cutting in many pieces. soi
leng-chi cutting in a few pieces (the skin of
;
30 The throat, the gullet. the forehead is first cut and is laid over the
leng
568 16 i kai an-leng thia"; she has eyes).
a sore throat. au-leug dih, thun m loh ; his
throat is small and he cannot swallow it. ke" S^^ leng-siig A steamer used for
to au-leng ko stuck in his throat.
;
3e< 961 steaming or boiling
rice and cakes; it has wooden sides and a
leng 40 Serenity of mind ; to bring splint bottom.
^fe^
"^p* 637 8 repose to rather ; better.
;
io" khi leng-sng cu si kue ;
lift the steamer
tia°.leng tranquil.
; hap ke ua"-16ng ;
the and there is the cake.
family are all well. leng-ko ; leng-kho ;
the
rather ;
I pi'cfer. leng-ko si keng ho ;
cie°-se ^/^^ leng 9 A
law, a rule, an order; to
it is better to die than to do that. leng si ~P 546 enjoin upon, to command, to
3
m kheng siu jok ; rather die than bear insult, warn ; to oblige to do to occasion, to cause
; ;
leng khp sin khi u, mo sin khi b6 it is better ;

a period of time, or that which marks it ; in
to believe that it exists than that it does not. direct address used for you or your,
leng cun to me ? Is your father at home ?
Igng 170 A tumulus over a grave, now leng thang jieh khin-kia" ? Is your mother
643 cie°-si u si-leng pe"; has lately had
~8~ applied to the mausolea of well ?
emperors. ailments such as are common at this season,
thi''-e hwn-lwn, kiia uang-leng khufc n^ng meng-leng an order or command.
;
cun toa
thau Im khu the whole empire is in anarchy,
; nang kai meng-leng ; obey the orders of his
and even the imperial tombs are secretly dag superior. kun-leng ngiam cSi ; the military
open, phai nang khu cie° uang-leng ; depute orders are very strict. ho-leng siam-ngiam ;
persons to guard the imperial tombs. the written orders are exceedingly strict, sit-
cS,i leng iiiing se" klii ; does indeed make one 30 An adverbial particle indicat-
angry. Iciig ci"; a dart with a triangular flag
ou it, given to a messenger to express urgency,
m.i
ta" khi lui,
)18 7 ing certainty,
ue tng li to tell about
it will take
;
leng ki; a flag having written orders upon it, a long time. ci khi coi ci° li ; this sort is
hwt ki o leng, ah khii thai issue an order on ; ho li hd, kui li kui ; as for the quality
costly,
black paper, for hira to be taken to execution, it is indeed good, and as for the
price it is
uang leng p^ng ; tlio office from which the very dear, phi" li phi", cuah ce bo eng as for ;
orders ai"e issued. IC-ng-c'ia"; your wife. cheapness, it is cheap, and if it were a little
less good it would be good for nothing, ci kai
leng 9 Eloquent; persuasive; insinua- khah soi, hu kai li khah toa this is too
i^ho 087 5 ting.
li
small and that too large. la si kio ci kai cia"

;
1 io
khau-leng ho is the more ready of
;
hd kai li ua cQ ai°; if it be as good a one as
Bpeech. hu kai cng kai bo khuu-leng ; that want
this, I it. lo li
hng, to li khiin; the road
one has no gift of utterance. and
is long, my belly is empty.
"ySC ^^^S li2 -^ tuber or underground
"j^ 545fungus, 5
^*
}^ ^ place of residence ; a neigh-
518 borhood, a village of twenty-
hok-leng ; tho-hok-leng ; a ppecies of under-
five or fifty familie.«; the Chinese mile, reckoned
ground fungus used in medicine. to be 300 paces.
leng 40 Lax, slack, loose, flacid. t&ng hio"-li; fellow villagers. cap li cu sX cek
477ko phue khah leng, phah boi
12 pho ten Chinese miles are one Chinese
;
league,
hiang tlie head of the drum is too slack, and
; (equal to 3|^ English miles), cek If lo ; a mile,
li u sa" li
docs not sound when it is struck. pang leng ling; it is three miles away, choi" li
ce, mni" khah kin; relax it a little, do not draw be ; a courier or post-boy. a kua" keng, a kui
it too soil tiii ang cG, mai" khah leng si, a li-tie" 5ng ke bi; if you argue with the
tight, ;
draw the rope rather taut, do not leave it too magistrate you will become poor, if you argue
slack. with a demon you will die, and if yon argue
with the head of your village you will use up
y^
TJPt^
ISng
553
To tie up, with spare rope
120
between the knots to foi-m
6 ;
a good deal of rice.
a line of 118 Rites ceremonies.

things by binding them continuously ffjm li ;
on a rope. ;|!a 620 13 p6 the Board of Rites,

li ; li
be-leng-thiiu ;
a halter for a horse. khieh tio khne ;
the district bureau having charge of
fcohkhu leng co c6k e take a rope and go and ;
state ceremonies. li
pang ; the provincial
join them thereby, leng cek leng ti"-(i"; slung department of rites.
up a whole string of them, leng u kui peh ki

to-ko there are several hundreds of them
;
li 96 To govern, to manage, to look
619 7
after, to regulate, to rectify, to
joined by a string.
adjust according to principle ; the governing
*^R l<^ng 75 A sleeper on which a board principle ; that which is felt to be right and
t^ 606 8 rests, suitable, and depends not on force ; reason ;
cek ki hiu-leng ;
a sleeper under a floor. right doctrine ; rule of action ; among Chinese
— — li
philosophers, the principle of organization by
which matter is preserved, or the power that
li-la
Slovenly. inheres in it ; to depend on ; to think of, to
n 521
CO su li-la cî; she does
i regard.
thinga in a very slovenly way. ham i mai" to to-li; tSu-li; right doctrine; correct reason,
li-la tell him not to slur the
;
thing over. jii
thwn to-li; to set forth the truth, sueh to-li ;
ta" jii li-la ; the more
you talk to him about it to expound the correct principles of the thing,
the more untidy he is. li-li la-la kju a thi" Heaven's reason, a letributive overi'uling
; nang li;
slovenly lout. Providence. ti li ;

the principle of organiza-
tion which inheres in terrestrial nature, u thi"
li 182 Driving, as wind or rain. li cia" u ti since there is an overruling
li;
539 7 chue tieh ho cSi;
huang also an underlying principle in
li-li, power there is
there is a strong breeze, pleasant to feel, nature. sui si chak ii u thien-li liang-sim ;
gueh
li
kng-kng, huang li, li-li bright moonlight, ;
although he is a rebel, he has a conscience,
and a steady breeze. tieh thi"-li liang-sim cG ; you must have some
conscience in regard to it. lulli If reasonable, ; chSng-li si ii ci" ii si hiae chi k&i ;
the better
i u cheng-li' ; lie has reason on his side. b6 reason is with him who has wealth and power,
cheng-li unreasonable not according to com-
; ; au-lf; perverse; pig-headed. khiu kua" siu-
mon sense, sia-li kau iap-thiap iap-thiap; put If beseech the magistrate to rectify a wrong.
;
it in complete order. sfl-li ;

to set in order ; If khut in the wrong proved to be on tho
; ;
to regulate. cia"-li ; put in good repair, li

su; wrong side the question. i kai If i6 he has •
attend to affairs, regulate matters. li ke su ;

not many arguments to sustain his views, ta"
attend to domestic concerns. ai° khu li kia° lai cheng-lf the reasons set forth are
trig ;
fiU is going to attend to an affair requiring ad-

;
numerous. If tit, khi cang
in a good cause, ;
justment, lu kio via li ho you rectify it for me. ;

there is inherent strength, li khut, su khiong ;
seng-li ; trade, u seng-li a bo ? Is trade brisk in a bad cause there is inherent weakness,
with you ? seng-li ho me ? Is your business toa-toa tp-lf important principles.
;
ngi li
prosperous ? bo mih seng-li does not sell oft ; chim-au; right principles are profound and
much. poi°-li kau cheng-cho ;
have it all com- subtle, im iang cek If; forwhat is hidden and
pletly adjusted. lio-li; to arrange with care, what is appai'ent, there is but one rule of action,
thio-li to cure.
;
ce oi" cii li kau cia su ; m m i kai cu-lf chira, nang-cheng mfieh-li, hfo khu
if I have not leisure, I cannot manage to attend thang; he has a profound understanding of
to this. cie" mng, khu kio i li-lun; go to the principles of literature, and thoroughly
his door, and reason with him about it. li'-hue; comprehends both human nature and physics,
to manage kindly. mih su to tieh kang-li ;
hfo If understand the eternal fitness of things,
;
in every affair the rights of the case must be cang If lai chui-chek think it out on the basis ;
regarded. i co su io ciu li he is regardful of ;

of principle. cf kai li khfong rn chut this ;
the right in what he does. khiang su, toh principle cannot be fully expounded. chiii
cia" li talk speciously and distort reasons,
; cheng, taklf; to reason from first pi'inciples.
bo a kau vi If
If ;
make the worse appear the siin follow the dictates of reason.
If ; iigek
better reason. khiang su toh If kai ue
cfa si ;
If ; go contrary to the dictates of reason.
this is w^'estiug words in such a way as to per- m6ng If clear up a point in ethics.
; pue
vert the truth. ta" ue bo cheng bo If talk ;
If ; disregard the right. ta" lai tieh If ;
f" li lai luu, i m-ho
unreasonably. cie"-se''; rightly argued. kang-kiQ tp-li ; expound the
putting it on the ground of equity, he is in the doctrine.
wrong. cfa si sim-mih to-lf ;
what sort
of is this. ra If he will not 44 That on which the foot rests;
If
argument i i ;
take it in hand. kwn-li ;

to control ; take 12 a leather shoo ; to walk ; to
620
si ti-tiang to kwn-li? act ; action, conduct.
charge of; govern.
Who has charge of it ? bun-lf ; the literary lf-16h a record of conduct.
; thia" cie" h'-ldh j
kng, m If am regard w^hat is evident,

If to send a record of one's proceedings up to
style. ;
not what is behind the scenes. i If m khu ; court. chiang If-leh one's own verbal state- ;
he cannot manage it. i li m lai ; ho cannot ment of one's proceedings. ju li pph pia"; as
kak naug If kak nang kai if treading on thin ice. khong If 6i ; strong
adjust matters.
su ; let each attend to his own business, plain shoes for men's wear. peh kui" sua" ju
mai" li khah hug, lu li lu ka-ki cu h<5 ; do not If
pe" ti ; climbs a mountain as if walking on
extend your management of affairs too far, if level ground.
you keep yourself in order you will do well,
cie If lai ta", tieh cie''-se" cia" tieh; speaking If 195 The carp, bream, sucker and
simply of how it ought to be, it must be iViOI 619 7 similar fish.
thus in order to be right, i co su to m cio li ;
If hu ; the carp. kim If goldfish. ; kie kha
he always acts contrary to reason. If lo m si If; suckers. ang kp If; trout. mong If-hfi
cie"-se";that is not the right way to do. i si teng ; an amusing performance with a lantern
pang-lf kai he acts as assistant in the manage-
;
made to imitate a carp.
ment of the affair. cfa tp-lf cii sie° phiia ; m
I had not thought out this principle. cie"- ^p^^ If 75 A prune or gage a plum of ;
se" ta" ia ii If ; there is reason in that also, •^^k 520 3 a red or yellow color ; to get
kakcipceklf; each holds to his own view, ready for a journey.
cgk tong, peh If thiet ; one principle extends
If tho If nai ; peaches plums and apricots, ham
throughout all principles. tp-lf cu si cek ie ; nang lai ta" heng-li ; call some one to carry the
correct doctrine is always the same. ch§ug-li luggage, heng-li soi" siu-sip ho first get your ;
si sie-kang kai ; pure reason is common to all. baggage ready.

145 Tbe littJefarther off. m

kam li-khui pe-bd un-
lining, the inner face of
;
1{
619 7 a garment, willing to be separated from his parents, ceng
iii" kah sim-mih li ? What lining will
you put nang li-sua" khu ; they all dispersed. thut-li
in ? chiara li chiam bue hd ; have not yet kho-lang; escape from trouble, li u kiii ni kii ;
finished stitching in the lining. hiu° U ; the
remote from the time by several years. ci kai
lia ksli li min ai° ti-hng pat li nang ; there is always some one
lining of a wadded jacket. hun-li ; divide
CO tilng sek; I want the lining and the outside
here, pun-li ; to distribute.
into shares. li ui hue ; the fifth of the
of the garment to match in color. eight
diagrams belongs to fire.
If 70 Forces; troops; a regiment of
669 6 500 men ; a visitor, a guest,
11 96 A
vitreous, translucent sub-
615 11 stance which resembles strass.
a sojourner, an immigrant.
kun-Ii kui su pp-1! ; glass, po-li khi glassware, po-li theng
; ;
; military affairs. hfing-H liang cek tie" pp-li; a pane of glass,
glass windows,
lai ; travellers going and coming ;
constant
traffic. kak kok kai siang-li lai liang mer- po-li can ; a glass bottle. pp-li ciia"; a glass
;
chants from every country go and come, i kai goblet, pp-li pue ; a glass tumbler, cfa pp-li
se" ciii phî ; this glass has bubbles in it. cia
kun sit-cS,i hd chcng-co nge-li ; their troops
pp-li ceng cfti ; this glass is very clear. pp-li
may well bo called sturdy braves, h'-kwn, chi- ciii-cia' oi thang; glass and crystal are trans-
liang a stranger in a strange land.
;
parent. P^-IS si nge-se", tia" cuang tieh cii

172
retire; to disperse; to
li To phiia; glass is brittle, and if you hit it whether
617
dismiss; to go from ; to part ;
11 lightly or heavily, it breaks. iing pp-li hie"
parted; absent; to cut in two; to arrange or thang ; transparent as glass. ngo sek pp-li ;
iridescent glass, liu-li; strass. liu-li teng; a
divide off ; scattered ; the 5th of the 8 and
the 30th of the Gi diagrams, referring to stress lamp, pun liu-li ; to blow strass. ngfia
elegant things and to brightness, pp-li ; make glass.
li-khui to withdraw from, li-piet; to separate
;
li 160 The third term in fractions ;
from. hum i mai" li-koi" nang kai kut-nek ;
516 11 a hundredth; the thousandth
tell him not to sow dissension
among relatives, nominally equal to a copper mill,
wander from home.
liu-li sit-s<5 li ii
part of a tael,
; jieh or the native coin called by foreigners a casJi;
hiig ? How
it ? eai kau nung li sim ;
far off is
a very little; a gi-ain ; a hair's breadth; an
wean people from j-ou. be put li ua", nang
extra tax of one tenth per cent on a quantity
put li
kah; the horses were never out of their of goods or on the property in a place, accord-
saddles, nor the men out of their armor. pek
ing to an assessment.
i si'a li-cu spur him up to writing a bill of
;
thiu li kira ; to levy the tax of one tenth per
separation. li ke leave home. li hie"
plet ;
cent. likek assessors, who collect this tax.
;
ce"; leave one's native place. li-khui cek
bo cek li hd eng not a particle of it is service-
;
chieh withdraw to a distance of one foot.
; li
aisle, bo pua" li u C*ng not of the least use.
;
hng; far separated. ci kai li I'o kun ; this is

hslu-li to boi cha-chp ; there is not the slightest
not so far away. lia li chu cek jit lo ; I
error in it. kau li hau si hut reckon to
am a day's journey from home. sii-bu coi, li
siig ;
the last chun bo cek li-kia"; h.ave

m khui sin ;
I am very busy and cannot get
farthing.
but the least bit left. i cie° si ciah bo io li ;
away. np"-kia" soi, li khui ; the children m she eats almost nothing lately. cuah li-li, cu
are small and I cannot be away from them,
chah tieh m&k; came within a hair's breadth of
khek put li khau, khiln put li chiu ; the ballads
piercing his eye. hin-khek kai chang to hak,
are never away from his mouth, and
boxing u kui li ci ? In buying farm land now, what
never out of his hand ; he is always
practising
percentage of its value is the income from it
singing and boxing. siang li ku-a li ; several reckoned at ?
miles apart. li kau cek
pho lo kai-pang-bd ;
at a distance of about a
league away, li bo koli 118 A fence or wattle of bamboo;
kia°; hardly any distance away, kiii nang sie 617 To a light inclosure.
thoi teng-tue, jit me" bo li; several ci gua-khau ui tek li; surround the outside
persons take
turns in attending with a bamboo fence, chai li a low fence
upon him, and leave him ;
neither day nor night. ci tio lo, li ko-ki'a" cu around a vegetable patch. cia li a straw or ;
ceng cek cfing chiu ; at a little distance from splint wattle around a cane
field, hng li the ;
this road a tree was

planted. put li si to ci garden fence. phah be-kaug-li; make lattice
coi" au ; it can't be far off. li khu ce work, ci klu' nang si nang-li; this is an outcast.
get a ;
l«l li 1G9 A habitation. li 104 Dysentery ; dian'hea.

]rj 558 ~T~ mo" i oi k6i-\ia"rDng-li; hope , . . 521 7 li-ci t
dysentery. ;
si pSh 11
he may iirprove the fortunes of the family. a si chiah li ? Are the discharges white or red
in color ? li hueh
ang li bloody flux.
; ;
k\m
li 202 Early. khau li ; diarrhea with loss of appetite, tng-
515 3 li-meng; early dawn, ll-meng tng li-cit ;
chronic dysentery.
cu cau-khi; got up at the first streak of dawn.
Wi 509 2
li 130 The
side of the body.
phia"-li kut ; the ribs.
tieh phia"-li ; struck him in the side.
phah
n , ,
li 9
521 6 range to compare ; to make a
precedent of; laws which are less stringent
than statutes; rules, regulations, by-laws,
To classify; to
;
adjust; to ar-
khang
kau phia"-li teng oi thia"; made my side ache. directions; custom, usage; the order or dis-
position of things.
^^ useful ta" cia" sin khi li kai ; that which comes under
7k)| 1§ Advantageous ; ; gains j
^ J 521 profit ; shrewdness ; greedy for

5 the new regulation. ci'a bo ll kai ; there
is no fixed rule about this. i hio lut-li he
gain slippery ; to benefit ; to oblige,
; ;
tit It ; to gain, li-chi ciii very profitable, tai ;

understands the law. cie li phoi" su; adjudi-
kit li-chi a very lucky stroke of fortune. cate the affair in accordance with the
; i usages,
c6k ni siu u jieh coi li-sek ? What income does kii cu cia" li ; in the course of time it becomes
he get from it annually ? mia" li liang tit ; a usage nearly equivalent to a law. e tng cu
fame and wealth both attained. kin ni kai seng CO li ; another time it will be used as
seng-li suu-li c3,i business is a precedent. u tia" ll kai ; there is a settled
; very prosperous
this year. li-ci" ke
kiie bp-ci"; the profit is usage in regard to it. hah li ; in accordance
greater than the capital. li-hai malicious ; ;
with established usage. li kim
ngiam cai ;
harmful. li lo the prohibitory rule is very strict, che cek-li;
heng thong everything ; is
prosperous. ii sim-mih li-iah ne ? What ad- examine the rules. ho cang ci kai ui li; m
vantage is there in it ? bo li bo iah of no do not make this a precedent. kak chu kak
;
benefit whatever. ciii li marine revenue, ;

chu kfii li each place has its peculiar customs,
;
iam li ; revenue from a bo ? salt. cie"-si u li

ni'n k-ai hie" li co-ni ? What is the usage
Have you made anything lately in your bus- in your village ? lin kai kui-li ho our ;
iness ? cia mng toa li cni ; this is practise is an excellent one. bo li mo khi, li ll
anything
but profitable. m li ; put li ; unprofitable ;
mp ci; if there is no rule it is not well to
unprosperous. ii li ho chii me ? Is there any make one, if there is a rule it is not well to
abolish
profit to be made ? it.
27
li
li 85 To enter upon, as office.
Harsh, stern, severe. 522 7 tang ci kai kua" li Su ti-
.
, , 522 13
ngiam-li awfully stern. li ;
jlra
sia"; a harsh voice, li sia", tai toah shouted

hng 10 plieng .since this magistrate entered ;
;
out very loudly to him in a upon his office, the country has been more
threatening voice.
li kiii hai quiet.
nang a discontented ghost injures
;
people. su sek ngiam-li words harsh, and ;

li 60 From first to last ; thoroughly,
aspect austere. 42 2 completely,
to kau li-li ; fallen flat. cui khp kau li-li
li 19 To animate, to inoite. the water has all ebbed out.
;
ke kiiiit i phiia
523 15 mien-li i kliu co ; impel him kau li-li ; the family has been completely ruined
to go and do it,
ko-li^ kun-.su rouse the sie khu hwn-lio boi li ; it is not
;
by him. yet
troops. all burned up.
li 198 Elegant, beautiful, ornament- li 80 An officer ; magistrates ; a

524 8 ed, flou'ery. 522 3
kau iam-iam deputy, or a secretary in au
siu.sip li-li ;
arranged very office ;
to rule.
elegantly, sek-cui iam-li cai its color is li khue
;
very li
po, li the Board of Civil Office
pang, ;
fine. i se" lai siu-li cai she is
; very finely in Peking, and its departments in each province
proportioned. thoi" tieh li siu-siu li-li, c6 su and district, where it superintends the
Sim si cho-mang; looks appoint-
elegant and refiriedj ment, salaries and movements of officials. i
but acts in a very boorish
way. miia" li a bue ? Has he
completed his term of
office ? tfen li ;
Lead-writers, ibam kua", xl li ;
— Ham —
clerk in the ^^^
corrupt officials. ll
psing a-piin ;
#f rt —
'^^ ^^^^ "P ^^ *^^® fingers.
department of Civil Office. li
pSng c6ng-8u ;
the head clerk in the provincial branch of the
jM 634 6 liam khau ; to draw lots.
Ham hie"; to set incense sticks.
Board of Civil Office. li kbue kip-su-tong ;
a secretary in the district branch of the Board

of Civil Office.
^nf l^m
^34
66
18
To enshroud ;
in medicine, to
Ii-p5 sle" cu, ll-p6 c(5 si nng, /(v% neutralize, to repress,
]i-p5 in si-nng; the President and the Vice jiiah thi"-si kfii si me"-me'' siu li'am bua; in hot
Presidents of the Board of Civil Office. Il-p5 weather a corpse must bo quickly enshrouded,
wn gua nng ; a deputy official in the Board of tie" ham to prepare a corpse for the coffin,
;
Civil Office. U-p5 cii-su ; directors in the jip liam to enshroud,

; bl sng k&i, i kai se" cU
Board of Civil Office. Ham; it is in the nature of what is acid to
repress heat. la m h(S ciah khah liam neither
— Hah — should ono take too mach of what represses
;
heat.
liah 64 To
lay hold of ; to seize to ;
610 6 apprehend ; to take,

liah tieh me ? Did you get hold of it ? liah m JA
tX\
liam
535
18
145
into the sleeve,
To withdraw. The hands
tieh ; cannot lay hold of it. khut ua liah ; was liam jim pui ; I sleeve my hands, and pay
seized by me. liah m
cu could not keep hold
my
;
respects ; (a phrase on a lady's card . The
of it after I laid hands on it. kio ko no nftng bands are put one above the other).
sie-pang liah ; call two more persons to assist
in tbe seizure, cfie kliin kui, liah khu ke, ci5o liam 64 To pinch
^- ;
to pinch up or off
tSng kai liah khu thili ; those whose offense is iU*! 633 8 e tng ra h<5 liam i ; do not
slight ai'e arrested and put in the cangae, pinch him again, i liam kau i o-che° tah-tang;
those whose crimes are great are arrested and he pinched him till he was black and blue in
beheaded. kui nang liah kha, liah chû spots. i khu liam i kfti kih-kau pi thin i
;
sng;
several held him by his hands and feet, kai i when she pinched his cheek it was merely in
liah lai cio-c6 seize and punish him.
;
liah sport. Ham ko choi Isli cp ; pinch off a piece
chak apprehend thieves.
; ju liah mua'-lia of dough to make it with, liam in khi ; cannot
hie°-se°j like catching an eel. pinch it up. liam lio kai cng-th&u-ui stii-sl
cii sio ; the marks made
by pinching with the
To rob to plunder; to take
liah 64 fingers immediately disappeared.
;
1"% openly and by force,

547 8
liam The sections of an orange ;
97
kau chii, to si chau liah ; has seized and con-
652 the scales of an onion.
14
fiscated everything even to his house. i kai
ci kai ka° lu thoi" jieh coi liam sec how many ;
kun-leng ngiam cJli, kun-su hue b6 cek nftng

kii" chie -liah; their military discipline U very carpehs this orange has. lu si peh cek liam cek
liam td boi shaddocks are divided into carpels
strict, and not a man among the soldiers dare
;
and thus sold. sng-thau cek liam cek liam

take things by force.
peh tlo moh ; pick the film off the garlic, scale
— liak — by scale.
liak 102 A resume, a sketch, a gene-

liam 167 A reaping hook ;
a bill hook.
534 13 liam-tp; a sickle or bill hook,
547 6 ral outline, a digest; a little;
in general ;
khia liam-tp lai kuah chau ; take a reaping
rather.
hook and cut the grass, kau-liam ; a pruning
liak-liak ta° ce cu ho to give a resume will be
;
hook. kau-liam-chic° ho phua lien-hwn-kah-
sufficient. put kue ta" kCii t5i-liak ; give only be a hooked spear is useful in breaking the
a general outline. cho-liak ; somewhat ; in ;
ranks of armored horses chained together.

general slightly; rather, chp-liak pat; under-
;
stand it in some small degree. chd-liak Qe ; liam 202 Viscid, sticky, glutinous,
draw a slight sketch.
a little about it.
liak cai cek no ; know
iak-liak ; about ; somewhere
M
fJc 634 5 adhesive,
ne liam-liam ; very adhesive. mak lio chiu
near that amount, iak-liak u jieh coi ? About liam-liam ; got his hands all stuck up with it.
how much is there ? iak-liak sa" jit kii ; about chiu ju kau liam-ni-tha-thi daubed his hands ;
three days. iak-liak si cie".so"; it is about with it till they were all stuck up as if with
that.
bird lime. thdi° tieh bo ka-liam it appears ;
DICTIONARY OF THE SWATOW DIALECT. SiO
to have no adhesive quality. i kai ue la lt\i

grow, 3'ou will have a moustache. chiu ce ili
bo ka bo liam ;
what he- saj's has no coherence, kue liam tUoi" tieh ia le"; if the moustache doe^
bo la" bo ciah kfii sii kliut i ta" kau ka-ka liam- not extend aoroas tihe lip it naakes'-one loi>k '
liam tilings for which there is not a particle

; feroicious. . ; ;
; : i .-
'
of evidence, are made to appear as facts by his '
ciah loh khu bo

well connected statenierits.
liam bo siaiu ib leaves no taste in the naouth
;
n^
/j^R 534 13
liam 130.'; The
kha-liam-kut the shin bone,
ahin.
;
after it is eaten. tfi" kau liani-nt-tha-thi ; i se" kha-liam chu he has sore shins. kueh
;
stated: very coherently. i no nang siang-hp tieh kha-liam ; abraded the shin. pang-kha-
kau liani-ni-tha-thi the two are inseparable ; liam J a slpugjiiflg of the shin,
friends. tieh eng sie ciii lai soi cia" boi
liam ; must wash it with warm water, and then A lady's dressing case,
not be sticky. cng-liam ;a bride's trousseau.
' '
it will
' '
'!
liam 118
ecreen, of cloth, matting A liam 195. liam hu ;
a species of mud-
534
or splints ; curtains,
13
,(vyi|v
534 13 fish, of a dull green color
miig liam ; a splint door-screen. p6 liam ; and with stout jagged spines. liam hu, thau
a curtain. tek liam ; a bamboo screen, liam toa-toa bih-bih the head pf ike paud-fish is
;
"
kauh khi; the screen is rolled up. liam pang lai'ge and flat. .'". ." ,
,-
loh lai the screen is let down.

; pang Ham ;
let down the screen. kua liam a hanging ;

^^^ liam
'
,61 To .reflect pn, to ponder over,
screen. t\o liam hang up a screen, liam lai;
;
ilii^ 635 4 to remember and consider,
behind the screen secluded retired, pak tio ;
to regard.
;
liam ; remove the screen. ci pak liam cp jieh ki"-liam tieh lu ; holds you in kind remem-
coi ci" ? How much did the making of this brance, liam-liam, put buang ; keep in mind,
screen cost ? hien liam, jip ltd ; turn aside and not forget, jit me" su-liam tieh i think ;
the screen and enter. kie liam the curtains ;

of hev day and night. liam tieh i kai un ;
of a sedan chair. lai liam kua"; deputies recall her kindness to me. sai i cph-ing liara-
thau send him to check the first thought of it.
appointed by the chancellor to read the essays ;
at an examination, tio liam S,u hue jim ; after liam-kip ke-hie'"; think fondly of one's native
the examination they return to their posts, place. lia khfja liam tieh i ; I am anxiously
cah-liam a partitioning screen.
;
iii-liam ; an thinking of him. mih su to sio-liam tieh i ;
enclosing screen. ;
everythingcalls her to mind, i tl sio-llam tieh
me PDoes he recollect ils ?
liam 53 Moderate; economical, frugal;
;
534
disinterested pure,
liam-clu decency, modesty.
;
10
u liam-chi kai
nang a modest person, hu kai nang bp liam-.
chi that person is brazen.
;
M
siu liam
liam
534
;
to wrap
66
13
To enshroud.
tie"Ham; a wijiding-sheet.
in. a winding-sheet.
-
; bpliambpchi;
indecent, i to m
pat liara-chi he has no sense ;
^^^ liam 61 To recite from memory ; to
of decency. i lo ku liam-chi he is regardful ; i|*^V 635 4 learn by heart; to chant or
of decency, iang liam nguu; an anti-extortion drone.
allowance, a legal addition to the salary of liam cu I'cpeat passages from .books. Id liam
;
officials, ci kai khueh toa"-toa° khau-cu iang- lia thia"; you recite it to me. liam keng ;
liam tia"-tia°; in this post one depends solely chant Buddhist chants, liam hut ; repeat the
upon the anti-extortion allowance. kua°-hu name of Buddh. liam siku; recite verses,
liam-meug ; magisti'ates that are incorruptible, liam kua, liam khek to drone out songs and ;
ci kai kua" cheng-liam cSi this magistrate ;

ballads, liam sek-sck ; memorize it perfectly,
judges equitably. ke-liam, kang so ;
costs thfik kau pat liam read it till you know it ;
lessened, liam-liam ne ; very

and work saved, well enough to repeat it from memory, ua cek
economical, ke-ci" thp khu liam cS,i ; the price si liam m
chut ; I cannot just at this moment
that he asks is very moderate, i oi liam-khiam it.
repeat
khak-kho ; he is frugal and persevering.
tx^ ham 115 An angle, a corner.
^j^ liam 190
Beard on the upper lip. '1^5^ ^^^ 8 sa" liam pp a weapon with ;
JS^ 1029 4 i kai chiu m kue liam his ;

a triangular blade ; a three-cornered iron club,
beard does not cross his upper lip. lu kai chia ai" CO kui liam kai ? How
many angles will
laa khi lai, oi kvie liam if you let your beard ; you have made in it ?
350 DICTIOHART OP THE SWATOW DIALECT.
— Ifang — food, just as it happens. i kai sin-hGn

cangi
liang-liang to ka" ciah he is robust and can
;
1 Two a pair ; daal ; doubled; ci kai si tSi liang
safely take refrigerant food,
;
Mlxang 526 6 both twice ; again, ;

ksli mueh-kla°; this is a thing that is very
liang chu pg'-pe ie"; the two places are just ciah lio liang jip kun
cooling in its effects.
alike. Hang put biang jip the two do not ;
kut ; as soon as I had taken it, I was cool all
coincide. su kai to li'ang kh<5 cu kang ; the ciah kau liang jip li partook of
through me. ;
affair has come to a standstill between two

it till its coolness entered his vitals. Iiang-l6k;
difficulties; there is a dilemma. Hang p6i" u phlegmatic, stolid, hfiu-thai chiu liang ; wait
Ikng khiah a b6 ? Is there a crevice on both for cool autumn weather, mai" lam khah liang;
sides ? liang pi" kQ m hiiu"; both parties refuse do not gulp down too much cold drink, tham
consent, liang p6i" kai nang-mueh coi there
liang ; long for coolness ; sit in a draught when
;
was a crowd on either liang phftng li si side,

warm, i cp i to liang sio sui he takes things ;
sua", tni-tang li si cdi ; on either side was a

very comfortably he does not disturb himself
;
mountain, and between these was water, liang about it. pat nang t(5 sio liang, i id kang-kho ;
16 hiap-kong; the two roads run into each
what other people would do easily, he finds
other. thwn c6i liang cSu k&i nftng Ifti sim ;
great difficulty in. ciah pa, chie liang-lo-khek ;
summon the two opposing clients to the trial, eats all he wants, and then sings merry songs,
liang kok hiia-hau both nations agree, ;liang
nang liang-liang lo-lo, i cp-ni hie" iu-cho ?
ke i -keng hua-mok; both parties are reconciled. When others are mirthful, why is he so
9 melancholy ? i Ip ciah
liang leh he is taking ;
liang Clever; skilled.

520 8 th<5i' i tien slm-mih kl-liang cooling medicines. Iph lai tl teng cim liang
c6 ; put it down in the well and cool it off.
chut lai see what aptness he displays.
;
bnah 16h khu liang-liang it feels very cool ;
169 A classifier of wheeled when it is rubbed on it cases the pain when

;
[7F| liang
520 it is smeared on. kdn si khiu su c€k g liang
i
PH 8 vehicles,
chia liang cek liang chia a cart Ip begged only for one stroke of the knife,
;
i
; carriages. ;
or barrow. kai tham 5i che", si liang th&m a iIi si the ;
mucous from his throat is greenish, it is the

y-i* liang 15 Cool, fresh, refreshing; effect of a cold is it not ? chi liang uncom- ;
•iy% 525 8 cooling, as refrigerant fortably cold.

medicines; distant, cool towards,
liang cui ;
cold water. la liang ; enjoy the liang 166 To take counsel upon ; to
coolness. huang than lai liang-liang the ; 520 5 think over ; to deliberate,
wind blows cool. ho Su, kfti thi -khi liang- siang-liang ;
to hold counsel, siang-liang thoi"
liang ;
it is cool after the shower. jiiah thi
- u slm-mih huap me talk it over together and
;
81thong sin liang cu bo pe"; in hot weather, if see whether thei*e is any way of accomplishing
the whole person is cool, there is no ailment, it. 16 da Ifti siang-liang come let us reason;
liang cliieh ;
summerliang i"; sum-
matting. together. siang-liang m Iph ; cannot reach
mer chairs. to gua tia° lit liang ; lying for any conclusion, nin siang-liang-lieh ai" cp-nl
coolness in the outer court, chlu e c6 liang ; cu-i ? What do you all think we should decide
sitting nnder a tree enjoying the coolness. upon ?
thi"-si im-liang; the weather is cloudy and
cool. lai ci liang-teng hiah liang ce ; come to "Bp liang 138 Good, gentle, considerate,
this summer-house and rest awhile. cheng- Ji^ 524 1 mild, not vicious ; loyal ;
chlu kha siam liang khvin-kia"; take shelter free bom.

fi'om the heat a little while under a banyan u liang sim ; conscientious, desirous of doing
tree. ci kp io liang ; it is cooler here. ci ko right ; devout, bp liang-sim heartless, hard- ;
ti-hng liang khiiai cSi ; this spot is very cool hearted, ungrateful. liang-sien peh-se"; the
and comfortable, ci ie° miieh, i kai se" cheng- loyal people. khi put liang cu sim became ;
liang ; this is of a cooling nature, ham i mo disloyal to the right. bp ciie kai liang min ;
ciah liang ; tell her not to eat what is of a cool- the freeborn people who are guiltless of crime,
ing nature, i tieh cai than liang ; he must use liang sin, kit jit ; a lucky hour ;
now is the
cooling food. i kai to lai
liang-liang ; he is time for it. tieh hun-piet liang thai ; must
indifferent in regard to it. i hwn-lio to
liang; discriminate between the good and the vicious,
he is still unconcerned i ciah
liang ciah . tu pSu, ua° liang ; exterminate the cruel, and
jftah, theng ciah she takes cooling or heating
; tranquilize the gentle.
liang 119 The tall millet, a species

— Hap —
525 7 of sorglinra. A
classifier of small round
kau-liaiig ci'u strong spirits made from sor-
; TlL 539 5
objects like grain, beads,
ghum, kau-liang ko sorghum stalks. ; and buttons; a kernel; grains of wheat or rice,
bi cek liap tii kam tak-iing ; would not waste
166 To estimate to measure a single grain of rice. bo liap ttiu hie" toa ;
«^^ liang ;
a measure, a
;
not so large as a pea. ci liap cu cu ngia

j=tf, 526 6 to judge ; ;
limit this pearl is a fine one. cek liap kiii kai ci°?
capacity, calibi*e.
;
bo hSing-lIang; boundless, illimitable, mea- How many cash apiece are they ? cSk kun Q
sureless, mih su to tieh u kai hang-liang ; all jieh coi liap ? How many of them does it take
to make a pound ?
things must be kept within fixed limits. cfu i se"
liap thue ; he has a
liang ; capacity to drink wine without going boil. no liap mak kim-kim ; two unwinking
beyond the limits where intoxication super- eyes. kai mak, liap toa liap soi ; he has
i
venes, i chwn ( m
u.liang he has no self- ;
one eye larger than the other. min se" hXi
soi liap soi liap ; her face is very small.
esteem, cu-liang cSi ; has great self-esteem, ni'n
m cu m
liang ; no conceit of self. liang-to ;
ko ti-tiang ai" cp toa liap ? Who is the big man
capacity. m
pi ciig kai bo liang-to ; not like of your place ? png liap cold boiled rice, ;
one who is wholly destitute of capacity, nang cek liap beh a kernel of wheat.
;
tieh u liang ; one must keep himself within

bounds, u hia liang cfa u hia hok ; one's bliss
— lie —
is according to one's capacity. liang toa, hok •j^;f
lie 18 To trim off ; to clip.
toa; where there are great powers, there is 17^ 978 9 ai'-
pin ti
kp lie ? From what
great enjoyment, hai-liang; immense capacity, point shall I shear it off ? khieh khu lie c6i
to-liang khuah ; broad-minded, liberal. bo ce take it and trim it off even. lie
;
pe".pe"
liang ; illiberal. lu liang-tak-thoi" ju ho ? tng; clip them so as to make them of the same
What do you make it, in your estimate of it ? length.
ciak-liang ; to deliberate upon.
thereabouts.
iak-liang ;
— lieh —
iak-liang si cie"-se°; that is
about it. lieh 126 To endure ;
to forbear ; to
613 3 suffer.
149 To accredit to believe to liin-Heh to bear with. i mih su to si hin-lun
liang ; ;
;
P§> 527 8 suppose ;

to know certain- lieh-lieh ; she puts up with all sorts of dis-
ly ; to aid. comfort.
huam su tieh thi'-liaug nang ; iu all things one
must be considerate of others. 102 In general
lieh
liang-pit si slightly. ;
cie"-se"; I am pretty certain that is the case,

547 6 i
put kue lieh-lieh pat; he
knows nothing more than the general outlines
liang i ra ka"; do not think he will dare,
of it. lieh-lieh hio l^ng-lp
liang i co tit lai, cia° ho khut i cp; supposing compi'ehend it but ;
that he can do it then let him. slightly.
lieh 15 Cold, as the north wind.

JF*-p. liang 8 Clear, brilliant, transparent, yjPB
^ 539
/TW 10 cap-it gueh lieh-lieh the
J\U 526
7 illumined,
eleventh month is bitter cold.
;
liang se lustrous gauze, i kai sek to m

;
its color is not clear, i kai min-sek

liang;
liang cSi ;
— lien —
her complexion is very clear. sia''-im ta" lai
lien 130 Reputation honor char-
hiang-liang; his voice
liang-liang; resonant.
is very sonorous, ne
thang-thang liano*-
3tkau 535 13
dignity, acter ;
; ;
sai i
bp lien ; cause him to lose his stand-
liang; luminous.
ing in the respect of others, bp h'en c5i ; very
inglorious, tiu lien to humiliate, to
64 ;
mortify,
liang Stmight stiff and straight. to put down,
tng min tiu i kai lien openly
;
908 7 ut kau llang-llang-tit ; bend ;
it till put him to shame, kbut ua toa tiu lien ; was

you get it perfectly straight. puah loh
khu greatly disconcerted by what I said, mai" sie"
liang-llang-tit ; down flat, co kau si-
fell
tieh i kai lien-min do not
pi° chwn boi chua "sut-kia°; injure his reputation,
;
hang-liang-tit, mp tng min cu sit nang kai lien; it is not well to

make the four sides
and
perfectly straight humble people. i khut
nang sit lieu to m-iii
without the least cant either ;
way. he does not care who casts discredit

upon him.
852 IxrcTlONAET OF TUE SWATOW DIALECT.
SI m ku nang; is one who cares little

lien kai sion of ; following, attaclied ; even, also, witl(;
for his own dignity. Blt-cSi chwn b6 kii lien- lien jit 16h ho ; mined continuously for days',
min; has really no regard at all for populanty.. kak-lien liui°-lui ; banded outlaws. chu-thaa
i tieli CO kau lien u sek-eek bo, ciV kheng hiah; sie lien adjoining houses.
; mai" lien-lui pat
he will go on until his fame is tarnished before nang; do not involve other people in it. chu-
he will consent to stop. c\e°-8e" via thoi" li b6 pi" hue khut i lien-lui tieh ; his neighbours
sira-mih li'en-mln; as I view the case, that will were implicated by him. ci-kla° su khang-lien
not bring us much esteem. i to hu ko
sug s! toa-bp-inueh nang this affair has compromised
;
toa thi-lien kai nfing he is reckoned a dis-

; many people. lieu-lien cu ce° kai
gueh fair ;
tinguished man there, hkm i mui" t(5 thi-lion; weather for a month continuously. cck lien
tell him not to put on stately airs, i khu kau fl kai gfieh bd ho no rain for a whole month,
;
elm-mill Ifen-sek ne ? In how great re.spect is lien khue kau teng

; gained his degrees at suc-
he held where he is gone ? cio"-se" cb sit-cfti i cessive examinations. lien cih sa° tie" mu ;
kili li'en-cle" kue iTi khu indeed, his reputation
;
I'eceived three letters, one after another. lieu
cannot safely stand that. sfo" lien cC ; confer cTo' sio, khiam jieh coi ? With the former bills
some little credit upon keep in countenance. ; joined on, how ranch
due ? is lien mlii ia m
sle° kai pph Hen khut lia; confer upon me the soi ;
he h&R not washed even his face. i lien
honor of a visit from yon. i sui-jicn si cio°-se" pS-lx5 to i7i pat, c6 pat pat nang ; since ho does
latieh lau kai lien khut i hd ki" nfing ; although not know even his parents, how can he know
he has done thus, still some credit must be other jxiople. lien hwn, koi-cheh a
plan that ;
left to him, that he may look people in the face, effects two objects. kau-Iien kin to-ko; closely
lia cie"-se" cu siig si lau lien-iuin khut i ; thus int«rlinked. cang thili sd hli lien cp cCk ;
I may be reckoned to have allowed hira to take a chain and connect tbera.
maintain some dignity. Ifli khut lia cp Hen ;
iXft lion 128
give me moral support; keep me in counte- Connected, joined, united ;
533 11 associated ; a term for ten
nance; assist me in gaining respect, i khu khu ]*
khut nftng tng min shu lien ; on arriving he householders acting as a neighborhood ; to
was treated with open disrespect. cO hC> nslng combine with ; to make alliance with ; to join
chiin lien khut i ; very soon no one will main- in regular order.
tain any show of respect toward hira. lien cp cek e link them lien-lok
sit- ;
together.
cJli mo siu lien ; is indeed discreditable, i cC'k-
cp cek tio ; join thera in one chain, ceng nung
lien mla" khu pp all united and went
Be"-narig hau" co b6 lien su he has all his life
;
i; they
been a party to disreputable transactions, as bail for hira, soi" ni j^p-kah lien-lpk kai
ua
thoi" li niu tieh khut i kue lien ce cia" tJeli ;
huap sira hd ; the usage in former years of five
I consider that it would be or ten households to form a uniting
right for yon to neighbour-
show him some honor. cia phtMig bo s6 ui,
hood was excellent.
put kiie si chie" kai lien tia° ; this is of no

]^5C Stingy, covetous, sordid, par-
?2
great account, it is
nothing more than taking Fl
^J^"
542 4
of an opportunity
to get popularity, simonious, sparing, close,
advantage i kai
su iiang, rli su tin, to si ui kai lien ; to be nang lien cSi he is a very clo.se raan. ;
inferior to some, but not to the mass of kang.jin li Hen khang, cii-nang li lien ci"; ji-ke
people, kien-lien ; the workmen are
is to be in good repute, sparing of work,
i kai
nang hau" lien ; and the employer is .«?j)aring of both
he has great regard for his own glory. money,
parties being equally unwilling to part with
what they might give. lu thara in lien avari-
lien 61 To commiserate tohave ;
;
cious and parsiraouious. lien-sieh ci" nguii ;
534 12 charity for to
.
; sympathize m
with. very loth to part with raoney. i mill sii to
lien ; he is sparing of i to bp lien ;

lia lien-tieh i ;
I pity him. sim bI lien-mien i ;
nothing.
has the utmost he is never niggardly.
compassion for hira. tSng pe"
siang lien ; those similarly afflicted sympathize lien 120 To practise; to drill in ;
to
with each other, khd-lien tieh i ; have 536
pity on ri-i.» 9 experiment upon.
him. nang-ii^ng to lien i; every one is sorry kua"-hA ai* ja kak hie" thvvn-lleu the magis- ;
for him. trate is going to issue orders for drill in

every
village. kak chh to u thwn-lien-kwn ; each
lien 162 To connect
^j^ 632
; to continue ;
to place has headquarters for its militia, lien-sip
?^^ 7 join, to unite; to
compromise; kau s§k-sek; learn it perfectly by long con-
contiguous, annexed, reaching to; a succes- tinued practise, i kai bii-goi lien kau sek cai;
lie lias practised Ins handicraft till very famil- hue the peduncle of a flower.
lih ;
kue sek,
iar with
it. chau-llen pia" be; drill troops, lih Iph ;
when
the melon is ripe the calyx falls
ke-hiie lien lai kau kang exercised in the use
;
off. tiie u lih to-kpa bo? Has it a stem ? sai
of his weapons till very skillful. chi:i" nung lih the persistent calyx on a persimmon, ka'
;
lai lien khun ; invite some one to teach boxing. tieh swn li lih kai select oranges that have ;
i kai khiin lien lai kau chim cJli ; he has by stems on them.
practise become deeply versed in the art of
i kai kvvn-lien cai ; he is a
practised
lih 145 To split, to crack open to
boxing. ;
hand. lien sai sang to ; practise fencing with 531 6 slit, to tear,
the double sword. lien khun, lien kaa 6i pue li i lib khut ;
tore a slit in it. kue lih cek
siam cau piah ; to exercise in gymnastics till pak out a strip by catching it on a
; tore
one can fly over partitions. nail or other projection. tah lih sa" ku tore ;
off the hem of her robe

by stepping on it.
^^ lien 167 A chain.
thng lih khu ; tore it by poking at it. tie"
î^ 533 11 kua"-hu liah i khu tiin lien; lih because of internal pressure. lih
; split
the magistrate seized him and put him in khui cp no poi"; cracked in two. peh lih ;
chains. tang lien brass chains. ;
thih lien ; tore by pulling at with the two hands. ci"
iron chains, used as fetters. i kua tio ngun
lih; split by a wedge, pek lih ; split by heat-
Sra lien ; she wore a silver necklace, pie lien ; lih cp ku-a kp ; split into several
ing, pieces,
a watch chain. loh lien ; to put in chains or lihkau chap-chap-chiii; shivered in fragments,
fetters. tdi lih tear by pulling downward
; upon, khut
lien 86 To smelt ores ;
to refine ;
to huang khau lih ; torn by the wind. chie" lih
536 9 cue phang ; the wall has cracked, jit ce phak
forge.
lien thih ; smelt iron ore. lien ieh ; chemicals
cu lih ;
if exposed to the sun it will crack,
used in smelting ores, tang lien seng lio ; the tek lih ; tear by stretching too severely, phiia
dross is wholly separated.
lih ; riven, fissured, split up. i
cheng kaa
phua-phua lih-lih her clothes are in ; tatters,
Jtill lien 18 To mince ;
to hash up j
to boi phua boi lih; cannot be fractured,
pit lih;
7|CU 910
chop very 6 fine. lih-mak a fissured eye-lid.
cracked; chiii ;
cang to lien kau mi^-rai"; chop it very fine lih-lih;

a very wide mouth. chui lih kau hi"
with a knife. lien cp nek-cie"; chop it into
pi"; his mouth extends to his ears. siia" cue
mince-meat.
— liet — lih khu, tieh cai p6 ; the seam is
must sew it
ripped, you
up.
n
rule ;
liet
531
18
4
To arrange or state in order ;
to place according to rank or
regularly ; seriatim ; a rank, a series, a npt Hm 131
—
Regarding
lira —
or visiting an
as of soldiers a class, as of officials ; each,
file, ;
P^fl 540 11 inferior; to look down on
ieverally. sympathizingly ;
to bless or curse by coming
khui-liet meng-p§h ; write out the particulars to at the point of, about; during,
; commencing,
clearly, (as in a bill). liet cp no tin ; range
whilst; time of meeting, and it thus sometimes
them in two files, liet seng tin si ; drawn out makes the present participle ; like ; to imitate ;
in a line. pai cd cek liet ; place them in a the 19th diagram, meaning great,
row, at regular distances apart, hang-liet coi- kang-lira ; to descend, (as a god from the
cia"; ranged methodically, liang poi pai liet; heavens to the earth). khiong-ui si sin-sien
placed in regular order on either side. liet lira huam perhaps
it is an angel come down
;
ui ; sirs, all you gentlemen (used in direct
among men. lim cong hun-hii; when at the
address) .
point of death gave these commands. lim

sf, hok se°; when at the point of death was
^\\ ^^^^ ^
Burning ; ardent ; violent j
resuscitated. lim khu kai si-hau kia-hu cie"-
"j^W 531 6 impetuous ; fierce chaste, ;
se" ju liet hue ; a nature like a se" ta°; just as he was departing he entrusted
raging flame.
se° liet cai ; very impetuous. this message to me. lim chai bp ko-tit when
liet-nng put ke ;
no hu a chaste woman does not marry twice.

;
getting rich, do not become unscrupulous,
— lih — lu thoi" cia jl si lim sim-mih thiap kai ? "What
copy do you think has been followed in these
lib 140 The peduncle or
footstalk of ji miii jit lim thiap ; in writing
letters ? i si'a
881 9 a flower or fruit ; the per- he daily writes more like the copy. lim lang
sistent calyx ; the stem of a melon ; a rootlet. bp ko mien ; when entering upon difficulties
354 ©ICTIONAET OF THE SWATOW PIALECT.
struck some one. lira ki (p cu tok khu ; took

do not inconsidei*ately avoid them, i lira
ceng
u Iwt-leh be Las great experience, Laving his knife and chopped it off. cp-ngwn lira
coi, ;
been near many diseased people. liun-liu i tieh chfu ; the sen ior-w rangier of the empire
md lim si go su; charge him not to let the is held ill a close grasp. chi'u teng lira ki
business fail of accomplishment through delay chie"; took a spear in his hand.
at the moment for action, lira-kip, sic" bo koi ;
82 To hold in the hand; to
lira
BO near it that I thought there was no help jfejj
-p^V C7 8 maintain hold.
for it.
b6 kp hd lira chiu ; there is no place where one
^
company.
chlu lim
ira
64
340
75
4
A
clump
sua" lira
forest,
wooded
of trees
a wood, a grovo, a
;
a group or
can get a hold on it.
rect manner of holding it ?

lira pit tieh cp-ni lira
cia" ho ? In holding the pen what is the cor-
lira h<5-hp, mhi"
ka-luuh ; hold it carefully and don't drop it.
groves, copses.
; ;
tek lira ; a bamboo copse, gu lira ; the lira kin-kiu gmsp it firmly, nfi ciah chiu lira
glens, ;
hang-lira ; the Imperial

ni bfia; cannot reach around it with both
imperial guard.
tok bftk put seng lim a single hands. n<3 nang sie lim chiu the two gra.<;ped
Academy. ; ;
tree does not make a forest. bun-lira the each other's hands.
literary body. chim lim ; the depths of the
;
— lin -
forest. The
M h W *-f
l'»-''^"g solitary wasp or
85
Full to the brim ; replete. Bm\. %^^ 490
pphex, which irapiisons
^^^ lira
1m3 ^'^ 11 ^ c^ ''' ^^ ^^ ^'^° lira-lim ; caterpillars in its cell to feed its young,
when he does dip it up, he dips it full to the lin-liang ie ; wasp waisted. lin-liang-phang
cho kiiu no lira-lira, mug In co-ni ka" be-l<"ng-khia khu khng to khang toi, h'o
very brim.
khieh ? If you fill it to the very brim, then cang th6 k6 mi", ciu-jit C-c pue t6 hu kui
bow will you manngo to carry it ? in tieh khang khau, hng-hng-kie, chin-chlu" liam ciu
cho knu khah lira ? How is
luai" it that you c£k Ie", chit jit iiu cu pi" cp lin-liang-phang
know no better than to fill it too full ? kiu"; tlie solitar}' waftp carries spidei-s in its
mouth and hides them away in its cell, then it
The eaves.
takes clay and seals them up tight, and all day
lim-ci"; the eaves of a roof. it flies repeatedly to the mouth of the cell and
standing under the eaves. ;
buzzes, as if it were reciting incantations, and
lim-koi-cieh the stone underneath the eaves,
;
then after seven days they are tmnsformed
bordering the open court. lim-cS° kha ; close into young wasps.
to the eaves.
h'n 159 A wheel to wheel.
lira 104
disease of the bladder orA 635 8 cilia lin ;
;
the wheel of a car-

.5-10 8 ureter, wheeled vehicles to wheel a
lin chia
nage, ; ;
sua lim ; gmvel in the bladder. cieh lim ; wheeled vehicle. i k&i chia lin si sie" thih
;
stone in the bladder, hueh lira bloody urine, ;
his wagon wheels are tired with iron, lin tieh
kp lim ; stringy or ropy urine. peh lim ;
toa, kia" me" ; the wheels must be large and
white deposits in the urine. jle lira ; stran- then it will go faster. lin iTi tin-tSng; the
gury, ngo lim; five sorts of urinary ailraents. wheels will not move. lin ce kue cu boi kia";
lim 173 A continuous rain of three when the wheel is blocked it does not move,
^fc=f khah much friction at the
?|y|C 640 8 days.
lin siap; there is too
chiu thi"-si kui kii ho, kie°-cp chiu-lim ; the
hub. bue toa phau ai" h'n khu ti kp ? Where
ci
is this large cannon being wheeled to ? li'u tp-
long rains of autumn are called the rainy sea- h'n khui wheel it off.
son, kam lim ; a timely rain. tng wheel backward,
; ;
chia-liu to tie, lin tieh kang-kho the wheels ;
lira-li The pattering of rain or jolt, and it is hai-d wheeling it.
616 hail.
toa ho
lin 163 Near, contiguous, connected
lira-li
pours steadily down,
; the rain
541 12 with; neighboring; a neigh-
sia kau lim-lim-li-li ; writing steadily and borhood a group of five families,
rapidly, the letters dropping from his pen like
;
lin-kuii kai nang long-cong lai ; those living

falling rain .
near all came, choi" kim boi chii, bvvn kim boi
•J/^ lira 64 To pick up or out ; to take lin ; a thousand ducats paid for the house, and
JItU 665 8 up. ten thousand paid in consideration of the neigh-
lim khun-thaa phah nang ; lifted his fist and boi-hood. lin kok ; conterminous states, lin
DICTIOXART OF THE SWATOW DIALECT,
lilu"; adjacent towns, cliu liu chu pi"; neigh-

;
finished up one job. k\" ki'ie li'o ; have met
bors. pho Hn ; pho pi"; adjoining shops. c6 him before. thoi" m
ki" h'o it is already out ;
in lin ; neighbors on either side, hua-mok lin- of sight, cia hwn Ifo-tit This shall not be the !
a friendly commnnity. last he will hear of it i hwn -h'o u

! he still
li; ;
has some, ia cu pS h'o ; that is enough ; let be ;

y^ lin ;
120
thin silk with oneDamask
stay it now. hai su h'o tiresome It is
! How !
Jfi^ 54-i 8 glossy surface. all spoiled cuu pak

! ki'n khut i laa khu m
Bi lin ksii a si tng kfii ? Is it of damask or of lio ; the boat was not tied up tightl}'-, and has
satin ? ai" pie lin a in ? Are you going to floated away. khiia"-uah h'o ; it is now ea.sy
mount it on damask? kunlinkui; trimmed of completion ; the diffioultios are past. ]A kio
with damask, pang lin thick glossy damask. ;
via ta" h'o, lia cia" kio lu ta" ; you tell me, and
128
Parallel sentences or dis-
lin then I will tell you. koi-kia" ce chut h'o fing-
tiches ; they are written on
533 11 khak, cu oi thd ciah ; as soon as a chicken is
scrolls, or enclosed in frames, to hang upon
out of the shell, it seeks a living, phua lio, m
walls. m kheng hiah kept on breaking things and
;
tio cek till tui-lin ; hang up a pair of matched would not stop. se" u, si boi tit h'o have got ;
he came and pre- this child, and now it is a pity it don't die.
scrolls. i lui sang lin si";
sented scrolls and a fan. khi That is strange indeed
h'o ! sie" h'o sle"; !
— lie — thought and thought

looked repeatedly.
again. thai" lio thoi";
ciah kau lio-lio ate it all ;
7
time ;
1io
529 T done
6
between two verbs

To bring
is denotes that the

;
to an end ; finished,
after a verb it forms past
up. soi-sbi thak cu, h'o-h'o-kie, oi cai went
school when very young, and recites glibly,
showing great ability.
to
ia" h'o kua°-si,

;
su h'o
firstaction is completed before the second is ci"; gained a lawsuit, and lost money by it.
begun, or a repetition of the act. eng lio jieh coi ci"-ngUM, hui h'o jieh coi ceng-
sa" CO ho a hue ? ho lio. Is my jacket finished ? sin, cia" oi tit seng ; used up a deal of money
Yes, it is done. te-bi vvn h'o the tea is all ; and expended a deal of vigor, before it was
used up. chie li'o chie, cong-ku chie ; laughed, accomplished. kong when he had
i siu" lio ;
and laughed, and kept on laughing. ta" h'o

pondered it was confused in his wits,
over, he
ta", ta" m hiah ; spoke of it again and again sie" lio si'o thouglit about it till he was crazed,
;
and would not stop talking about kai uo it. i

ciah lio kui"; got accustomed to eating it.
ce ta" cu ta" ni if she once begins to talk comes trouble,
iang-o h'o hai su after petting
li'o ; ;
she never stops. ciah h'o phah, phah h'o ciah, h'o, c6-ni ? After that, what happens
? khut
to cek ie"; whether you take in a card and then had his things
i kiap kau h'o-lio khien ;
play out one, or whether you play out a card taken by them till he had nothing whatever
and then take in one, it is all the same in the left.
end. 01 kia" su put leng h'o there is no end
to this affair, boi tit lio-kak There is no end !
;
h'o 30 A clear note as of a bird at

B\)^
!^ 527 12 night the wailing cry of
to it soi lau-pang lio klm s6i sa"; wash the
!
;
floor and then go and wash the clothes. i lai pain.

shrill, ue ta" lai h'o-h'o liang-llang
h'o, tin cu ai" khu when he shall have come, ;
;
lio-liang;
we are then going. speaks very shrilly, i sui si soi, kui

ku ue ta"
lai h'o She has come ! !
khu h'o he lias gone. th6i"-ki" h'o it is

chut lai lio-lio-leh-leh ; although he is small he
; ;
now in sight. tieh I have got it. ciah articulates very clearly.
li'o;
i khu
pa h'o ; they have finished their meal. lio 40 Vacant ; silent ; solitary.
ut h'o ;
he has already gone to bed. thi" kng 528sim si lio-lio, b5i jiet ; is very
ll
h'o already dawn.
it is sa" thi" ho h'o, ho and drear, with nothing going on. sok-
; still
siu-khi when you have finished the garment,
; sok lio-lio deserted and solitary.
;
put it away. hue ceng h'o, tieh cai ak ciii ;
when you have planted the shrub, remember "jfcjfe

To search for with the hand
lio 64
and water it. eng h'o all used up. eng m ; J^^ 12 in water ; to take hold of and
627
li'o an inexhaustible supply.
;
cek mak h'o lift up as one's skirts or as clothing from a tub.
.
jien one may fully understand it at a glance,
;
toa lio-phu, soih pang ie-toa ko ; lift the scarf
li'o m tit cannot be brought to completion,
;
and tuck it into the girdle. thang toi kai
au-lai sim-mih lio-kek ? What will be the up- h'ang-hun lio-khi pang thang-nie teng la take ;
shot hereafter ? li'o, sim-mih

su ? In the end, the vermicelli from the bottom of the tub and
what happens ? lay it over the cross-piece, to dry in the
wn-h'o cek kia" gu have air.
;
lio lai ; got bold of it and pulled it out.

khf lio 68 Materials
provender ; stuff
^JI^L ; ;
liokau chim-chim Idh khu ; felt around for it ^l 530 6 to estimate,

judge of, to to
to a great depth. ]^n lio, lio b6 liowever ; reckon ; sti'ass, a vitreous substance used for
much I feel around in the water for it, I can't making rings and cups.
kai ngfin ka-lauh kliut
get hold of it. i ciii, ieh lio; drugs. sek lio; dye-staffs. p6 lio;
lia kau peh-p6h his money fell into the
lio ; dried meats. be lio ; provender for horses,
water, and was taken right up from the bottom chau lio ; hay and straw for provender. ciah
by me. thaa-chak m ki" khi\, lio tieh si t6 lio breadstuff ; that which is made into food,
;
kng t6i her head ornament was missing, and

; tiam lio the sugar and other ingredients used
;
was found in the bottom of the water jar. in making sweetmeats, tu-llo paste or prim- ;
ing made of pig's blood. soi' cie" llo-hue, &a

-p^K lio 64 To drag, scoop or grapple up c\a" hd chak ; first put on the priming of pig's
$^khi 507
lio
from a deep place,
to scoop out.
12
i ko nfmg khu lio si
blood and lime, then it may be lacquered. lio
;
;
mêh the raw product, the materials that are
;
they hired people to go and dredge for the

to be used in manufacturing something, chai
cia tieh ko bi-ciii kfti cia° lio tit tieh ;
corpse, lio ; stock on hand, ready to be made up. sam
divers must be employed and then it can be lio ; timber, lumber for building.
chfmg lio ;
brought up. fertilizers, ph6 a shop where one may
ko lio ;
lio J 28 To depend on ;
to look to for bay the imitated cloth used for making the
528 ~5~ help or support; to trust to. garments burned at funerals. si lio kai it is ;
t6k b6 lio solitary, and with none to de- made of strass. cfu lio cakes and other edi- ;
CO, ;
bles that are generally set forth with wine,

pend on. Bok-m6k, b6 lio lonely and with no ;
resources. clo-llo ; to oversee and direct. lio-li to man- ;
age, hard to say exactly,

lilng lio tit tieh; it is
lio 167 Fetters. lia 8(5 lio ; it is no more than I expect-
put chut
lio m kku kfti sQ ; an unforeseen event,
I> 528 12 kha-lio ; iron chains for the ed,
legs of criminals, tieh 6ng kha-lio chfa-khau m chut ; however much one thought
jvvn lio, lio
kA,i i khau kin tia"; must take fetters and it over, he would not have thought that out.
manacles and shackle him strongly.
— lioh —
lio 40
a hovel, a shanty. A hut, lioh 157 to walk slipshod;
527 12 chau lio ; a straw hut. cfe" dT^ Slipshod ;
jt/^ 722 4 lioh 6i; open heeled slippers.

lio ; a watchman's hut. thai-ko lio a lazar- ;
6i lioh wear shoes that are down at the
ch5ng ;
house, khut ciah lio ; beggars' hovels. sua" heel. chgng sang 6i lioh-Hoh-kie ; go about
lio; a cabin for
woodmen, phang lio; a canvas thia" tieh si 6i lioh sia" heard the
slipshod. ;
tent. thiig lio, cia lio ; a shed under which sound of some one walking shipshod. lioh cek
is made.
BUgar sang kiah ciu lai came shuffling along on a
;
mai" lioh khah toa lak do not

lio ^ A companion ;
a colleague ; pair of clogs.
make too much noise in walking in your open-
;
\y 527 12 an official associate,

kua" lio; fellow officers, heeled shoes. lioh cang kiah walk as one ;
tang lio; compeers.
does when wearing clogs, lioh-a-lioh ; shuffles
t&ng lio kua"; officials of the same rank enter-
ing office at the same time. along.
-lip-
lio-si The heron, a wader, com- 184
drink. To
^^8 ^0° thi*oughout China, /^^ lip
1102
^
i ci hue ip lip ci'u he is now
'k'S^ >'sv^
it is em-
^/V 4 ;
peh llo-si the white egret heron

;
:
taking his wine, i lip bo cek ceng cu cui ; one
broidered on the court robes of officers of the
cup intoxicates him.
sixth grade. llo-si pang a ;
tall slim pitcher,
lio-si kha ; long legged ; spindle-shanked. K^ lip
540
131 Close upon
hue close to the end ;
11 lip
;
at the point of.
PflJI ;
lio 157 To prance, to gallop, to run near the tip. khu kau h<i lip-bxie kp went to ;
_ 667 6 fast,
lio khu he ran off with all his might,
the very end.
cu
mai° khieh khah lip biie, khah
iii ai° phiu chi'u ; do not take it too
i li-kwn ;
lip biie
li-li Ho, m^° cai cantered off at great speed.
; near the end, if you do there is danger that it
CI ciah be lio khu I'o me"; this horse gallops will slip out of your hand, mai" khia khah lip-
faster, tu lio huang a breeze that makes the
; biie; do not stand too close to the end. i sph
pigs scamper ;
a squall. kau lip-biie lip-bue; he clambei*ed to the tip top.
^ Poised ; set, established, fix-

117 20 To hook out, as by drawing
^^
*/a
lip ^rt 111
- 538 ed; upright; to I'ear, to found, ^^/ 328 2 a thing diagonally through a
to institute ; to be settled in principle ; to suc- small aperture.
ceed to or to seat one's self on the throne in cang chiu loh khu khang t6i kp Ifu chut l&i ;
place of the legitimate heir to appoint ; to ; put your hand down into the hole and gather
agree on ; to settle terms, as when drawing up it up and lift it out. chixi li 6ih, hii toi H
a contract ; to fix reached arrived, as the
; ; khuah, jvvn li'u, liu m tieh the mouth is ;
seasons to place in order, to arrange ; just

; narrow, and the space below is broad, howso-
now, soon, presently, at the time of. ever I turn and twist it, I cannot get it out.
lip ieh ; make a compact. lip khoi ; settle the khieh ki si Iph pang pp-li cun toi kp li'u, cia" liu
terras of a contract ; make a deed. lip pho ; tit chut take a spoon and put it down into
;
open an account, lip tia" tieh lio it is wholly ;

the glass bottle, and then you can lift it out.
settled upon, chang-lip cu-i"; found a college, liu 75 The willow; slender, arched,
lip i CO uang ; made him king, kien kong, lip
549 5 crescent-like, in allusion to
ngiap gain a position for one's self get fame
; ;
the shape of the leaf.
and wealth, lip au su adopt an heir. i"-keng ;
liu chiu ; willows. hue ung, li'u 16k ; the red
ni toa, seng lip lio already grown up and ;
of flowers and the green of willows ;
established in life. ko lip, bo nfing pang-co ;
gay ;
stand alone and uncountenanced having no ;
resplendent variegated. Hu hieh bai arched
; ;
backer, i no eye-brows. lang li'u ie ; a slender waist lithe,

nang si put liang lip ; they can- hue liu ti-hng hue koi liu hang ;
;
not both maintain themselves in position, graceful. ;

lip
ki° kong-hau at once see* the eflScacy.
haunts of gaiety and dissipation. khng-koi i
;
lip
tia" kha-kun ; he has agreed to stay.
mai" hau" liue-liu exhort him not to cherish
lip sim
;
a fondness for gaiety, tang-liu the aspen.

lip i ; has his mind made up ; has a settled
;
purpose, i kni lip sim ho ; his resolve is good, 18 To .scoop out, to

li'u
gouge out.
lip-khek cu ai°; want it instantly.
fij'J 436 G ci kp cha toi" cJii, ho lai li'u c5
— — lit
cha-khu this block of wood is very solid, it
;
will be well to scoop it out and make a mortar

lit 64 Stretched at full length.
i kp kai chu si
908 7 stretched
of it. cang tek phiia lio, li'u tlo
lit-titlit-tit; stiffly
mak, lai khara cp chu hia; in making their
at full length, khia pang ko lit-lit tit-tit
houses, they take a bamboo, split it, dig out the
;
standing and upright.

stiff khah lit-tit, bo
mih ke-si two straight up and down, with knots, and lay on the half cylinders thus made,
;
in the place of tiles. li'u tio i kai mak-ciu
;
nothing to break the stiffness, ut pang kp lit-
gouge out his eyes. liu i kai sim-kua" chut
lit tit-tit ; lying at full length. lai tear out his vitals.
;
— liu — -A. small

JKX5 li'i
1^ skein, consisting of
d^
ItA^ 844
liu
13
157 To
lo li kut, kia" lio liu puah
slip or slide on the feet. Tl=l 549
8 a few threads,
cek liu jong ; a skein of floss. ci liu siia" jieh
lollkhu; the road was slippery, and he slipped coi tio ? How
many threads in this skein of
and fell when walking, i liu puah Iqh khu tng silk ? nan kai sua" kau liu, tio-sia" si tia°-
tieh ie-ciah-kut he slipped down and struck
;
tiehkai; our thread is in skeins, having an
upon the end of his spine. liu-puah kau exact number of threads in each.
cek sin ceng-ceng tho slipped and fell down, ;
thereby covering himself all over with mud.

ce liu cu tiig co loh khu slipped up, and sat
"^JmL
I'm ^ A whirlpool,
i kai cun sai loh liu
a maelstrom.
;
M^4 1056 9 khu;
down with a thud. kha tah hp-ho boi liu ;
their vessel sailed into the whirlpool and went
set your feet down carefully and tlien you will down, liu kai cui si li-li
ka-cng loh khu, sp-i°
not slip, kha tieh liu his foot slipped. ; chut the water of the whirl-
6i tit loh boi tit ;
pool goes round and round and eddies down-

85 Slippery and miry.
liu
v/»^ ward, therefore there it no getting out of it.
ABC 844 13 liu-liu-kut ; muddy and slip-
pery, ho 16h li'o, cek lo liu-liu-kut ; since the liu 85 To slide to glide.
^Jl^ ;
rain, the road is very slippery. ti-ki" kp lP3 550 10 liu piiah loh khu; slipped
kut-liu-Iiu, tieh kia" hp-hp the margin of ; down, liu-liu kut; glairy. t^ng hu t6ng
the pool is very slippery,
you must step care- khut i liu kau ci e loh Ifii ; slid from up there
fnlly. down to this point at one stretch.
i kai am
lia 96 lia-li ;
a vitreous, strass-like t6ng se" kai liu ; she has a tumor on
t>48 ^ used for cups, her neck, hueh liu ; a vascular tumor. nek
coraposition,
liu ; a fleshy tumor, khi liu ; a purient tumor.
bangles and colored glaze.
lia 70 Strings of pearls, which an- lia 64 To separate the dregs from a
IL 548 9 ciently hung before and behind 5G5 liquid, 9
crowns, their length and number indicating ceng mi"-mi", cia° hd liu cap
pound it to a ;
the wearer's rank ; they are now seen only on pomace, then squeeze out the juice, khieh ieh-
idols. phph khu liu cap take the settlings of the ;
cu-pua" kai cu ai" co jieh coi lia ? Of the beads medicine, and go and squeeze out the liquid
on the coronet, how many strings do you want that remains in them.
put on ? 198
llii Biu-lla; graceful, elegant, as
liu-ng Brimstone. 524 8 the step of a stately stag ;
IL 549 ngoi co liu-ng buah ; trit- fair and beautiful. ci kai a-no"-kia° se" h'li
urate it and make flour of sulphar of it. Biu-llu cSi ;
this child is beaatifully propor-
tioned, se" kau siu-sia lia-lla, kio cu-nio
To go from place to place to
lia 85 ; k&i h\e"-se"; is very finely moulded, with a
IILf 649
abscond to transport crimi-
7 ;
feminine delicacy of proportion.
nals; roving, vngrant, shifting; a class, a set.
liu min migratory tribes.
; chiang lia cui ;
Hu 16J To gild ;
to adorn with gold.
an overflowing stream, to si hu cOk liu nAng; 917 kim wash with gold,
9 liu ;
si kim kai a si liu kim kai ? Is it solid

they are that sort of people, kiu liu ; all sorts gold
of employments, nng liu ; womankind, phoi" or is it merely washed with gold ? lln kim
co liu cue; sentenced to transportation. liu sai-pe ;
a goldsmith.
loh gua hng transported to distant lands,
;
4^3 lia 64 To strangle, as with a cord.

hia liu the vulgar.
;
si hai kTii h»ie-miieh
liu-thong ; the goods of all countries are in

1^ 413 11
kiii lln
liu Bi;
kai an
to put to death by
a demon
hanging, i throttles
general circulation. khui liu-kia° tig; i 1(5
;
bim.
he keeps a pawn shop where vagabonds may
lun liu to take turns at.
— — lo
dispose of goods. ;
kui nang cie lun-liu ; several persons spell each VfW ^^ ®^ ^ ^^^^ preparation ;
to pickle.
other at it. "i^ 556 iam-16 brine.
11 ci kp iu-nek ;
khieh khu 16 take this pork and pickle it.
n
;
liu 75 sieh-liu
pomegranate. ;
the 16 nng ; to pickle eggs ; pickled
eggs, i kfii 16
. , 647 10 c6ng cang sieh-liu plant a ;

hd cSi ; the pickle is very nice. lam ( e 16-
pomegranate, sieh-liu khi; pomegranate seeds, thng loh khu; put on a little of the pickle.
ci kai sieh-liu pit kau chie-chiii chie-chui ; 16-mi°; a spiced salt meat stew. go 16 ; the
this pomegranate has burst, and thus displays brine in which a goose has been pickled. ci'a
a smiling mouth. nftm-o liu I'o hd the ;
16 khu khah kiam this has been kept in the
;
Namoa pomegranates are best. brine till it is too salt. phfik iam 16 ; to eva-
porate brine in making salt, tih tio 16 ; drain
lia 102 To hold on ;
to detain ; to out the brine from salt.
647 6 keep back,
i CO su bo liu
what he is doing.
sim he does not
;
i
siang
fix
liu
his
sim li
mind on
su ; he
7 16
529
6
1
Barely done
just finished.
just about done.
h<5,
khiia°-uah 16 ; just reached the easy part of the
16 ;
it is
;
manages matters in a very thoughtful way.

work. kau 16 ; just about to arrive.
i chwn m liu-l\vn ke-hie"; he cannot tear him-
i
mng
khu 16 ;
he was barely gone. khah mang 16
away from home.
;
self
just too late. tng lai 16 ; just turned to come
back.
liu-lo The braves
among banditti ;
,.. 651 rebel troops; outlaws; ruffians. 16 61 Hate, dislike.

chiu e u jieh coi liu-lo ? How
many braves ^\iji\ 1063 8 ua siang 16 i ;
I dislike him
has he under his command ? chi cek khun lia- 16-hun ; aversion. chua nang 16 ;
intensely.
lo keeps a band of miscreants in his employ.
; leads to hatred. ci kai su lia 16 cai ; I detest
this business, ceng ndng 16 i everybody dis-
l/^ liu 104 A tumor, a wen, an ex- likes him. ci kai si nang so 16 kai ; this is
;
P^ 648 10 crescence or swelling. what people hate.

The kiam hu pickle them and make salt fish of

75 propelling scull on Chinese
;
16
557 15 boats, worked on a pivot on
them. ni'n kim ang chai ? How
ni 16 jieh coi
the taffrail ;
to scull. many jars of cabbage have you pickled this
to Clin biie teng ie 16 on the stern of the boat
;
year?
sculling. 16 cun ;
to scull a boat. jaa ^1^ lo-thun A quail.
16 173 To disclose ;
to expose ;
to ^>^ 'fi/^ G21 phah lo-thun; a quail
557 13 show through ;

to exhibit ;
fight. si-heng kS lo-thun ; quail-fighting is
fashionable.
apparent; naked.
chun thau, 16 niin stretched forth his head ;
JM^ lo 167 A
path, a road, a way where
and showed his face. kau Su i kai sii pai-16 ;
i*^ 557 6 people go a way of action ;;
his case was afterward ruined by being an opportunity ;

a space a journey ; the course
;
divulged. 16 chut be kha the hoi'se's hoof ; pursued.

shows the thing is divulged.
; phu kun, 16 hu ko si sa"-pun lo-thau that is a point where ;
kut much emaciated, so as to show the sinews

; three roads join. cham-che lo-thau c^p-jl ;
and bones, chiah-sin 16-th6i stark naked. ; lo-thaa cross-roads.

;
16 thong kia"; no m
thoroughfare, kua" lo the king's highway ;
86
16 A stove, grate, furnace, chafing- an official route, sai-khia lo by-paths, private
;
655 IG dish or other place for holding roads, ciii lo water communications, si kia"
;
a fire. ciii lo a si kia" lek lo ? Did he

go by water or
hue-16 ; a stove, grate or fire-place, huang-16 ;
by land ? hang kai lo lanes, tdng kai nang ;
a portable earthen stove. phuah huang-16 ; some one comes along,

lo wait
lai mng ;
till
fau the fire in the earthen stove. p6 huang-16 and then inquire the way. kong-ceng lo a ;
theng ; mend the ventilator of an earthen public road. toa kua"-lo ; great highways,
stove. t6 16-kia"; a small earthen stove used
pe" to lo khau blocked in at the end of the
;
to boil water for tea. hie" -16 a censer, siah ; street. sak lo block up the way. lo teng ;
16 pewter
;
vases in which insense sticks are ktii nang sak kau kut-kut, bo lo ho kue ; the
burned. cek 16 hue me"-me°; a stove full of road is closely blocked by the number of
hot coals, ngun ce loh 16 cu ai" sio-sih when
people in it, and there is no space for one to
;
silver is put in the crucible it loses weight, cia si put kue cieh lo keng kue ;
get though,
kua" tio-16 carry a swinging censer, as is is nothing more than
; this seeking room to
done in processions. 16-kui"; bellows, khi ci tio lo-tau io h(5 this is a better way.
pass, ;
16 build a fire.
;
ci" 16-tia"; a furnace for lo kut-kiit; the road is slippery. lo ta a hue ?
burning spirit-money. ji-cua 16 a furnace ; Is the road dry yet ? lo wn-khek ; the road is
for burning manuscripts or printed paper, croaked. lo khek lai khek khu ; the road
bue-thoo." 16 ; a furnace in which hard coal is winds hither and thither. ngo tieh, cii wn lo
burned, chi'u 16 a brazier, carried to keep;
cau if he meets him he turns off into another
;
the hands warm. lwn-16 a foot stove, jwn ;

path and gets away from him. be lo ; a race-
16 a chafing-dish,
;
thih 16 ; an iron stove, course a road for horses, chia lo a carriage
; ;
oh khu khi 16-cau it is hai'd to start the fire.

; road. cun lo passage for boats, sua" lo ; a
;
mountain road. pe"-pe" lo a level road, lo

The perch.
16 195
khi-khu the road is rough.
;
; bo mng lo ;
16 kua o, juah 16 ; in cold weather
555
there are black fish, in hot weather perch. nothing to do ; out of work ; lacking oppor-
tunity for action or advancement. boi lo ci";
lo 170 Low, vulgar ; ill-looking ;
un- spirit-money scattered along the road by which
514 6 informed sordid,
a corpse is carried. cah lo ; to barricade a
;
ko 16 alone and ignorant.

kua° bun road. c6ih lo chie"-kiap ; to waylay and rob.
; se° lai
cho-16 ; naturally very ugly, phah lio lo kui ; cob tng lo-thau ; intercept on the way ; cut o£E
abolish vicious usages. khu tio 16 sip do their passage. kau chu cii chiia kai l6-thS,a
;
away with debasing customs, min-mau" chi'u- po; took a wife from the women of the country
lo ill-favored.
where he was sojourning, in lo chua 16 kang ; ;
;
lo to guide.
;
khui lo to open a new road, ;
lo 164 To
pickle to steep in brine ; thun lo mend holes in the road.
;
phah tio
1083
or vinegar. 8 hue lo make a chunam walk.
; kia" hue lo ;
15 iam lay down in salt.
;
cang si-iu sio- walk the fiery road, as do demoniacs. kap-
ciu lai 16 ; pickle it in soy and much
spirits pang-ciin kai sph-lo coi; there is rigging
from Shau-hing-fu in Cheh-kiang. 16 co on a ship. kia" kau piia" lo ;
went half way.
360 DICTIONARY OF THE BWATOW DIALECT.
kia" t5 lo tm-tang walk in the middle of the

;
the way. cie" lo ; guard the passage, siu kie,
road, lo pi"; lo ph^ng ; lo ki"; the roadside, cp lo ; repair bridges and make roads, sua" 16,
lo thau, lo bue ; the ends of a path. koi lo ; tho 16, cieh l6 a road which is sandy, clayey
;
streets. i c\e"-si b6 lo cii ; he is greatly or stony. 16 se" chi ; the path is thorny, khui
i ka,i lo-rang khuah ; he
hedged in of late. mang lo ; to open the dark road, to cheer the
has fine openings before him. ti tio lo-mng
spirit of the departed as it starts on its way to
i to 6i tit kku ho has plenty of opportunities
;
another world. thoi" chak l6 ; look into the
for making a living, se" lo ; uah 16 ; ways of way by which the thief entered. h<5 kia" m
earning a living, si 16; a course that leads to kut lo ; do not go in slippery paths. hok l6 ;
death. i si to chue si 16 ; he willfully incurs lie in ambush by the way. kia" hiig 16 ; take
danger. kau jlo kuu khxit-thfiu-lo, i cQ tii" a long journey, l6-ke°; the path, thau cau lo ;
bue-tng Isii kS. a dog driven to bay will turn
;
take flight, sun 16 ; patrol the streets, sun 16,
around and attack his pursuer, chuah lo cau; m siSn lo ; on or off the route. 16 tp-ka ; took
escaped by a side path ; turned off the road an indirect route, i m ciu l6; he did not follow
and ran away. ci-k6 tiii sfo-lo khu h6 kQu the road. kua"-cia° 16 the correct way. ; i
c6k plib lo by taking the by-path from hero

;
kai li-l6 tng; he has many reasons to set forth,
the journey is shortened by a league. i ii i k&i hue-l6 hd his appliances for heating and
;
film-mih tiu-lo cp a bo ? ft si b6 ua chue kla"

lighting are in good order. ke-hiie l6 clii-pl ;
BU-lo i CO ? Has he any opportunity now for the tools are all ready, thdi" i kfl,i pit l6 cp-ni
earning anything? If not I will find somewhat way he moves his pen.
kia"; see in kiii
thing for him to do. lia kai kang-

cai i cfie 16, 16 p6" ? Of these several roads,
tl cue
liu chfu-lo h(5 ;
I know that what ho does which is most level ? ci tio l6 lin this is a ;
is well done. kiie lo kfii nang ; passers safe way. miii" kLi" hiam 16 do not walk in ;
by. lia ai" kiia" lo, kiia" kau kau I wish to ; dangerous paths. hiam-ai ; this is a
ci tio 16
hasten on till I reach
destination. kia"
my perilous path. the road is very
l6 kla-kia ;
kQn lo; go by the nearest route. kla" phien steep. 16 php-lp-sia ; the road is a descent,
lo ; go by an indirect route. kia" chuah l5 ; nan tftng lo ; we are going the same way. lo
go by a short cut. cia° lo ; the right way. tit- pun a ; tho road divided. kku hfi kp pun 16 ;
lo the direct route. l5 phia"; the bank beside
;
at that point the roads diverge. 8ua"-l6 Hah
the road, toa lo kha ; near the highway, kau tit-tit ;
make your seam perfectly straight,
lo ; the sewer, hai lo ; routes at sea. khoi lo; cek 16 kft jieh coi ci" ? How much do you get
river communication. ho-lo ; water-courses, for sawing ono cut lengthwise ?
siam l5 khut i kue ; draw back off the road
and let them pass. i kai seng-li lo sSk ; he is 16 The dew ; mist that forms in
173
accustomed to his business. b\o lo coi cSi he ;
l6-ciii
557
dew.
W
drops of rain ; to bedew.
cek tiam l6 ; a dew drop, hue
has numerous accounts. lo tio cho-siap it ;
;
is hard travelling. l5 oih a narrow way. lo ;

16 ; fluid perfumes. bun-kui l6 ; rose-water,
khuah a wide passage.
;
16 cAp an intricate ;
me" jit tang l6 ; hot sun makes heavy dew.
kia" ta" lo ; took the wrong road. ki" tieh l6 ciii ; get tiie dew on it. khieh khu
passage.
16 che"; a strange road. l6 sek ; a familiar l6 lo-ciii take it and put it where the dew will
;
mi"-sit l6-thu ; lost his way. ku lo ; fall on it. cek sin khut i l6 kau lok-lok ;
path.
the old road. sin lo a new road. oih 16 drenched with dew. l6 cek Hap cek liap chiu-
;
chie" cu ; dew in drops like pearls.

siang hdng ; met each other in a narrow
passage. kia" 16 ciu kuu, boi mueh ciu — loi —
phi"; in travelling one takes tho nearest road,
in purchasing articles one takes the cheapest, Tfi^ Idi 113 A step or act, particularly
cie" thi" bo
l6, jip b6 rang would have ti ; /|ls 5-0 13 acts of worship, which will
mounted into the heavens had there been a bring happiness; propriety, etiquette, ceremony,
road or would have sunk into the earth had rites ;
the decent and decorous in worship
there been a door. thi°-tng vi l6, lu m khu and in social life decorum, manners ; official
;
ti-gek bp mug, lu cin hli though there were ; obeisance, worship, courtesy; offerings, gifts
a road to heaven you would not travel it, and required by usage, vails,
though hell had no door you would draw near loi huap loi sio ; etiquette, the rules of good
;
nua ceremonies courtesies,

to it. tp-l6 coih lai ho it is well sliced, ; society ; politeness ; ;
16 close the passage. io lo an important loi mSu"; good mannei-s. loi ngi ; a gift which
; ;
route. ci" l6 ; the circulation of money. lo custom requires one to offer. eng sim-mueh
the road is safe. ah lo to convoy on lai h6k i kai loi ? What would be a suitable
plieng ; ;
DICTIOXAKY OF THE SW.VTOW DIALECT. 3G1
return for his courtesy ? poi" loi mfteli ;

— loih —
kui loh khu A
prepare the customary offerings. loih 118 rain hat.
hoi" loi kneel in respectful homage.
;
loi Ip, 538 5 ;
a splint hat.
cek teng loih
no one is offended by much mua"
nuiig put kiiai ;
cang-sui, kue-loih; wear a rain-cloak,
ti
politeness. ke bo sie" loi in domestic life ; and a leaf hat. hai loih a boatman's hat. ;
one is not formal. kio i ki" loi salute him ;

tek loili; a hat made of bamboo, toa kCio 16ih,
on meeting him. sang loi make a present, ; kue loih kia"; large and small hats made of
hA,h
sla loi gifts returned for gifts received.
;
palm leaves. hue-sie" loi

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ilj ^tintrr.

PRONOUNCING AND DEFINING

THE SWATOW DIALECT,

THOSE WHO ARE TO COME

AMEEICAN BAPTIST MISSION AT 8WAT0W

AS BKABERS OP THE GOSPEL OP CHRIST TO THE TIE-CHIU PEOPLE

THIS BOOK 18 AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED.

2p± cie° phe", upper even. e phe", lower even,

cie° siang, upper high, ±T e Biang, lower high,

cie" khu, upper going, e khu, lower going,

cie" jip, upper entering. XT e jlp, lower entering.

EXERCISES IN THE TONES.

sih till hut bak

til) t6li pfik buk

tang iam bam 4^^ sirn

THE CHINESE CHARACTERS.

Where words of two always found in the same com-

SOUNDS OP THE LETTERS.

h hat, hfl ah tham

EXERCISE IN THE ASPIRATES.

EXERCISE IN NASAL SOUNDS.

Yj^ :^ sa" pe pe"

NASAL AND ASPIRATED.

phe" thiia" "" che"

che° plua" kbua"

7^ 3v^ io-cia°, fairies. W^ kia'.sia', the capital.

"j Qm ngio-kfa", kittens. S^ 46 sie-liu, to help.

^J ^f ua"-uo, to solace. PH Wi iu-bun, sorrowful.

^ ff^ kfn-kip, urgent.

^^ tin-tang, the centre. Sk. ^ phau-th^i, a fort.

ft ^J khak-kh6, to persevere. ^P ?^ ah-iing, duck's eggs.

mm khek-khek, crooked. jjL 13! siet-lip, to institute.

ti-hng, a place, WL ^ i'-pua", writing-tray.

pe"-ceng, disease, f^ f^ mang-mang, slowly.

toa-pit, coarse hand.

thak-cu, to read. ^ H m^k-bai, eyebrow.

gauh-khi, musical instruments ^^ ciah-png, eat rice.

THE RADICALS. — JI-W.

. 1095 it. ... c6k; c6khfte''iieh. One ;

^ .. 494... kiin.... cek tit tieh. . . . A perpendicular stroke.

3 ^ .. 87 ... ciS. ... cek tfam. A dot.

.. 1096 it. ... kah it k^i it. Bent.

« .. 447... khiet. c^k tit kioh. A barb.

.. 876... than. c€k txam cSk hue"ueh A dot and a dash.

khek kha nang.

4 >—> .. 696... mek.... khap-bo bo c^k tiam To cover.

« .. 698... pang. pia° ;

20 ... 663... pan. ... ciak jl bo tiam. .. To wrap.

21 ... 674... pf. ... pi thiang k^i pi., A ladle.

]23 ... 1072 ... ling.... ie' Sliecp.

124 ... 1124 ... d. ... li Plumes.

125 ... 508 Ua. ... iSu Aged.

128 ... 720 ... Ill" The ear.

129 ... 1138 ... lut. ... mt A stile.

133 ... 60 ci. ... c\ chu k&i cL To reach to.

134 ... 414 kia. ... kl.Q A mortar.

135 ... 749 elet. ... cih The tongue.

136 ... 120 chuu. cliun.cli6 kfti cbda. Contradictory.

137 ..• 48 cia. ... ciu A vessel.

138 ... 317 ku.n. ... ku,n Perverse.

139 ... 727... .». sek. ...

140 ... 956 cliau. cliau than Grass. Herbs.

141 ... 221 n. ... Ii6° ji than. A tiger's stripes.