Name ______________________________ Class___________________Date__________________

Assessment

Chapter Test B
Heredity
USING KEY TERMS
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. Each term
maybe used only once. Some terms may not be used.
heredity genotype dominant traits
recessive traits probability sex chromosomes
phenotype pedigree allele
1. In the second generation, ______________________ reappear after
disappearing in the first generation. ______________________
2. The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called
______________________.
3. An organism’s appearance is its ______________________.
4. An organism’s inherited alleles together form its ______________________.
5. If each parent has the same recessive trait, the ______________________ of
the offspring having the trait goes up.
6. To trace a trait through generations of a family, you can use a(n)
______________________.

UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS

Write the letter of the correct answer in the space provided.

_____ 7. What kind of plant produces offspring with the same traits as the
parent?
a. self-pollinating
b. cross-pollinating
c. true-breeding
d. nonbreeding
_____ 8. What do you call one set of instructions for an inherited trait?
a. alleles
b. phenotype
c. albinism
d. genes

Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Science and Technology 48 Heredity
Name ______________________________ Class___________________Date__________________

Chapter Test B continued

_____ 9. Two forms of a gene, one from each parent, are called
a. alleles.
b. phenotypes.
c. albinism.
d. genes.
_____ 10. Offspring that are different from both parents are produced by
a. asexual reproduction.
b. something going wrong.
c. sexual reproduction.
d. mitosis.
_____ 11. What are chromosomes that carry the same sets of genes?
a. twin chromosomes
b. homologous chromosomes
c. ordinary chromosomes
d. asexual chromosomes
12. In humans, what are the sex chromosomes of females?
_______________________________________________________________
13. In humans, what are the sex chromosomes of males?
_______________________________________________________________
14. What is incomplete dominance?
_______________________________________________________________

CRITICAL THINKING
15. Peas can both cross-pollinate and self-pollinate. Why was this a key factor in
Mendel’s work?
____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Science and Technology 49 Heredity
Name ______________________________ Class___________________Date__________________

Chapter Test B continued

16. How is a new cell at the end of meiosis different from the parent cell at the
start of meiosis?
____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________
17. Explain how a chromatid in the first step of meiosis is different from a
chromatid in the seventh step of meiosis.
____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Science and Technology 50 Heredity
Name ______________________________ Class___________________Date__________________

Chapter Test B continued

INTERPRETING GRAPHICS
Use the Punnett square below to answer questions 18–20. Write the letter of the
correct answer in the space provided.

_____ 18. In which box is Pp?

_____ 19. In which box is PP?
_____ 20. In which box is pp?

Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Science and Technology 51 Heredity