DATA COMMUNICATIONS

Crash-survivable Event Data Retrieval

(CD-R) System for Taxi Cabs

NEC518 – 1ECM

PRESENTED BY:

Pulayan, John Eric R.

Fernandez, Erica Mae H.
Quitco, Kimberly F.
Ruiz, Ralph Renzo M.

Perdio, Lejan Daniel I.

De Leon, Lyssa Joy L.
Go, Mark Adrian C.
Marasigan, Marlon Berndt R.
 Crash-survivable Event Data Retrieval (CD-R) System for Taxi Cabs

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The design of the project will include the inputs, process, and outputs. The
processor used is the Arduino Microcontroller. The main input of the project is the GPS
shield and the wireless sensor network. The WSN includes the following sensors: speed
sensor, seatbelt sensor, shock sensor, and steering wheel sensor. These sensors send
data to the processor through RF communication using RF modules. The GPS shield is
connected to the GPS satellite to acquire the location of the CD-R system in terms of
latitude and longitude. The output consists of the GSM shield where the necessary data
are transmitted and sent to the taxi operator’s mobile phone, and memory storage that
stores all the data from WSN and GPS. Other inputs include voice recorder and on-board
camera. The parts inside the red broken lines are the devices placed inside the main
blackbox while others are placed on the different parts of the taxi cab.

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 Crash-survivable Event Data Retrieval (CD-R) System for Taxi Cabs

ELECTRONIC DEVICE/TECHNOLOGY

 Arduino Mega Microcontroller

This is the main controller of the CD-R system. It is responsible for interfacing the
inputs and output devices. It writes commands on the output devices based on the
sensor readings from the inputs.

 GPS Module
This will provide the necessary information about the location of the taxi cab. The
Global Positioning System (GPS) is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that
provides location in terms of longitude and latitude, as well as time information in all
weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed
line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.

 GSM Module
This will be responsible for the communication between the user and the
microcontroller. The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard
used in digital cellular networks by mobile phones. It will transmit the data such as
the location and speed of the taxi cab. It will also transmit an alert message for the
taxi operator when the taxi cab crashes.

 Speed Sensor
This is responsible for detection of speed of the vehicle.

 Shock Sensor
This is responsible for impact/collision detection. This triggers the black box to send
alert messages to the taxi operator’s mobile phone whenever an accident or collision
happens.

 Seatbelt Sensor (Reed Switch)

This is responsible for indicating the status of seatbelt, whether it is intact.

 Steering Wheel Sensor

This is responsible for acquiring the angular position of the steering wheel.

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 Crash-survivable Event Data Retrieval (CD-R) System for Taxi Cabs

 Onboard cameras
This will provide video information inside the taxi cab.

 Voice recorder
This will provide information about the conversations, and sounds happening inside
the taxi cab.

FRAME FORMAT & DESCRIPTION

Fig.1 Data Transmission Protocol

The frame format used in the project is shown in Fig.1 where blocks with black
color indicate the Start and End of Transmission while Blue blocks indicate the Start and
End of data payload. Orange blocks are for protection and error checking. And violet
block is the data command. The Source address serves as the IP address of the sender
while the destination address serves as the receivers IP address. Each address, source
and destination, is composed of 3 bytes each. The password provides security for data
transmission which prohibited unauthorized users to access the information and
composed of 4 bytes. Next is the data command, where different sensors send data
bytes which correspond to the following: the seatbelt sensor uses 1 byte, steering wheel
sensor uses 2 bytes, speed sensor uses 2 bytes and shock sensor uses 2 bytes. For
data payload to be checked, a Cyclic Redundant Checking(CRC) is used which is only 1
byte.

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 Crash-survivable Event Data Retrieval (CD-R) System for Taxi Cabs

COMMUNICATION PROCESSES
HANDSHAKING

FLOW CHART

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 Crash-survivable Event Data Retrieval (CD-R) System for Taxi Cabs

Flow Chart of Transmitter(remote sensors) PartA

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 Crash-survivable Event Data Retrieval (CD-R) System for Taxi Cabs

Flow Chart of Transmitter(remote sensors) PartB

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 Crash-survivable Event Data Retrieval (CD-R) System for Taxi Cabs

Flow Chart of Transmitter(remote sensors) PartC

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Crash-survivable Event Data Retrieval (CD-R) System for Taxi Cabs

Flow Chart of Receiver (Arduino) PartA

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Crash-survivable Event Data Retrieval (CD-R) System for Taxi Cabs

Flow Chart of Receiver (Arduino) PartB

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