ORAL PRESENTATION

Oral communication with customers, colleagues, associates, supervisors, employees, and others.

Strategies for Effective Oral Communication

 Strategies for improving oral presentation

 Strategies for reducing stage fright
 Strategies for improving listening

1. Strategies For Improving Oral Presentation

 Steps for preparing effective oral presentation

 Kinds of oral presentation
 Ways of delivering the oral message
 Strategies for using an effective oral delivery
 Strategies for effective nonverbal delivery

i. Steps For Preparing Effective Oral Presentation

 Determine the purpose

 Analyze the audience and occasion
 Select the main ideas for the message
 Research the topic
 Organize the data and write the draft
 Create visual aids
 Rehearse the talk

a. Determine The Purpose

We communicate to produce a result.

 To inform or instruct: to clarify, secure understanding, explain a process

 To persuade: gain willing acceptance
 To entertain: social occasions like promotion parties, retirement or anniversaries

b. Analyze The Audience And Occasion

The message must be adapted to the audience. Seek out information such as size of the group, age
range, interests, goals, occupations etc.

c. Select the main ideas for the message

Select main theme or core ideas. Then gather additional information in support of main ideas.

d. Research the topic

Collect facts, data, information

e. Organize the data and write the draft

 Introduction: Porch – Aim – Layout

 Body (Text, Discussion)
 Summary or Conclusion

f. Create visual aids

Pictures, videos, tables, graphs

g. Rehearse the talk

Three rehearsals are recommended. If you rehearse too much, the statements sound memorized.

ii. Kinds Of Oral Presentation

The longer the presentation, the higher is the risk of losing the attention of the audience.

iii. Ways Of Delivering The Oral Message/Types of Oral Presentation

 Extemporaneous: Use notes or an outline. Eye contact. Movement with ease

 Reading: read a manuscript
 Memorization: Risk of forgetting
 Impromptu: without preparation, delivering on the spot

iv. Strategies For Using An Effective Oral Delivery/Paralanguage

 Pitch: highness of lowness of voice

o Monotone: no variation in pitch
o High or low voice
o Same word value: Mary, don’t do that!
 Rate: number of words spoken; pauses
 Volume: loudness or softness of voice
o Contrast in Emphasis: louder or softer volume on certain words
o Controlled breathing
 Vocal quality: husky, whispering, loud, vibrant, sad, shrill, effeminate
 Pronunciation
o Jargon
o Varied regional accents
o Added or omitted sounds

v. Strategies For Effective Nonverbal Delivery/Physical Requirements/Kinesics

 Posture
 Movement
o Move to hold attention
o Move to get rid of nervousness
o Move to suggest transition
o Move to increase emphasis
 Gestures
 Facial expressions
 Appearance

2. Strategies For Reducing Stage Fright

 Signs of discomfort
 Strategies for decreasing speaking fears

3. Strategies For Improving Listening

 Faults in listening
o Prejudice against the speaker
o External distractions
o Thinking speed
o Premature evaluation
o Semantic stereotypes
 o Delivery
 Purposes for listening
o To gain new information and ideas
o To question and test evidence and assumptions
o To be inspired
o To improve your own communication
 Results of good listening