*savaitës dienos, mënesiai, metø laikai, jeigu nëra paaiðkinimo: spring, may, Friday. *breakfast, diner, lunch, supper. *neskaièiuotiniai (abstraktieji medþiaginiai): music, literature, life, freedom, water, cheese, milk, coffee (jeigu be paaiðkinimo). *tikriniai *sportiniai þaidimai: golf, football *ligos *advice, behavour, information, traffic, news, weather (no a) po paaiðk, su of… - the. *dalykai: english, history.
[a]:
*sudurtinio tarinio vardine dalimi: tom is a clever boy.
*su daiktavardþio, po junginio ‘there is’: there’s a good restourant near my house. *ðaukiamuosiuose sakiniuose: what a nice day. *po ‘such’: he’s such a good boy. *daiktavardþio priedëliu: thomas, a third year student, is our friend. *skaitvardþio one reikáme (reiðkinat laikà, atstumà, svorá): I’ll come back in a minute; this path is a kilometre long; I’ll buy a kilogram of bananas. *prieð skaitvardþius: a dozen, a hundred, a thousand, a million. *posakiuose: as a rule, to be in a hurry, it’s a shame, to be at a loss, it’s a pity; ypaè posakiuose su veiksmaþodþiais: to have (a good time, a smoke, a headache), to take (a bath, a shower, a swim), to give (a hand). *profesijos *a little, a few.
[the]:
*kelintiniai skaitvardþiai: the first.
*aukðèiausio laipsnio bûdvardþiai: the shortest. *su the: following, last, next, same, only (vienintelis); išimtis: next week, last week (laikas). *kai yra paaiðkinimas (paþyminiai): the book I bought yesterday, the way to the station, the flower picked by my brother, the house where I was born. *þinomas ið kontexto ar situacijos, iš asmeninës patrities: I got a letter. The letter was very long; go to the blackboard. *vieninteliai: the sun, the moon. *kai norime atkreipti dëmesá á vienarûðiø daiktø klasæ: the whale is in danger; the rose is a beautiful flower; the dog is a friend of man (apibûdinimas be artikelio). *kai bûdvardis tampa daiktavardþiu: the rich; the blind; the disabled; the young. *muzikos instrumentai: to play the piano. *su: the theatre, the cinema, the radio (but TV), the police. *tikriniai, kur union, republic, kingdom, states. *by the window, by the door. *jûrø, vandenynø, upiø, kanalø, sàsiauriø, kalnynø, dykumø, salynø - the; eþerai - zero. *atskiros salos, kalnai - zero. *vieðbuèiai, kino teatrai, daugelis laikraðèiø ir þurnalø - the; laivai, teatrai, muziejai, kinai, restoranai - the. *pasaulio ðalys - the. *pavardës, kai kalbama apie visà ðeimà - the. *frazëse daiktavardis + of: the bank of England; the town of London; the gull of mexico; the duke of york; the north of spain. *chorai, orkestari, pop atlikëjai - the: the beatles. *home - zero: at home, go home; bet jeigu yra paaiðkinimas - the. The bride’s home; the home of our family. *bed, church, hospital, prison, school, college, university. Kaip ástaiga, vieta pagal paskirtá - zero: to go to bed - to sleep; to church - to pray; to hospital - as patients; to prison - as prisoners; to school - to study; to be: in bed - sleeping; in church - praying; in hospital - as patient. To leave school, prison; but - he is in prison. I go to the prison to visit him. *sea: to be at sea - to be on vogage; to be/live on the sea - at the seaside. *work - with (place of working) - zero: he’s at work. *office - the: he’s in the office. *vienas ið ðeimos - a: you’ll never be a Clinton. *you’re not the Tom Brown I married. *accademician: doctor; professor - zero. *giminystës ryðiai - zero: aunt Betty, uncle Tom. *gatvës, aikðtës - zero. *tautybës - the: the french. *su þmoniø vardais - be artikelio: Lloyds bank; St. Paul’s kathedral; Harrods.