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Digestive System
Diseases
Ch 22
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11/17/2017
Common Symptoms
each fig
= 5 cases
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11/17/2017
“temperature abuse”
– keep hot foods hot and cold foods cold!
(symptoms:
– within 1-6 hrs.
– vomit, cramp, diarrhea
– recovery within 24 hours)
3
11/17/2017
Salmonellosis
Salmonella sp.
intestines of humans/animals
– (pet reptiles ~ 90% +)
Salmonellosis
4
11/17/2017
Salmonellosis
Salmonellosis
treatment: rehydration
Salmonellosis
notifiable disease
~50,000 cases annually
(est. <1 million actual)
~100 deaths/yr
(infants & elderly – septicemia)
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11/17/2017
Salmonellosis
prevention:
– stop contamination
– pasteurize eggs or cook well
*(newest info: problem due to lack of normal flora in chicks raised in incubators
rather than with their moms)
E. coli
E. coli
pathogenic strains:
1. enterotoxigenic strain
– enterotoxin
– “traveler’s diarrhea”
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11/17/2017
E. coli
pathogenic strains:
2. enteroinvasive strain
– invade intestine
inflam., fever, dysentery possible
E. coli
pathogenic strains:
3. enterohemorrhagic strains
ex. E.coli strain 0157:H7
E. coli
pathogenic strains:
3. enterohemorrhagic strains
ex. E.coli type 0157:H7
~1% beef (cattle show no illness)
– actually more seen in sprouts
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11/17/2017
E. coli
• mostly self-limiting
• complication: HUS (hemolytic uremic
syndrome)
E. coli
Viral Gastroenteritis
1. Rotavirus
– most common (3 million cases/yr)
– (rota = “wheel”)
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11/17/2017
Viral Gastroenteritis
1. Rotavirus
– >90% infected by age 3
• rare in adults = immune
Viral Gastroenteritis
1. Rotavirus
– (2-3 day incubation, low fever, diarrhea,
vomiting, lasts ~ 1 week)
– rehydration therapy (< 100 deaths in U.S.)
Viral Gastroenteritis
1. Rotavirus
Vaccine
– since 2006
– previously: 55,000 to 70,000 hospitalized
and 20-60 deaths in US
– still ~450,000 deaths worldwide
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11/17/2017
Viral Gastroenteritis
2. Noroviruses
(old name: Norwalk-like viruses)
(illness aka: “winter vomiting disease”)
– local epidemics (cruise ships, daycare,
nursing homes etc)
Viral Gastroenteritis
2. Noroviruses
– by school-age most have been infected
(but not common in infants)
– poor immunity (few years)
Viral Gastroenteritis
2. Noroviruses
– (1-2 day inc., nausea, cramps, diarrhea)
– shed virus in stool for 10-14 days
– hardy in environment
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