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Egypt
1127,681
4,263,020 Syrian refugees registered
in 3RP countries: Egypt, Iraq, Jordan,Lebanon
and Turkey (as of 30 November 2015).
Registered Syrian Refugees and Asylum Seekers
1 - 1000
1,001 - 5,000
5,001 - 10,000
10,001 - 25,000
25,001 - 50,000
50,001 - 100,000
100,001 - 250,000
250,001 - 500,000
500,001 - 1,000,000
> 1,000,001
CONTENTS
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGIC 5 REGIONAL SECTOR 27
DIRECTIONS STRATEGIES
Introduction 6 Protection 28
No Lost Generation 22
Partnerships 24
3
“The Secretary-General underscores the importance of fully funding both efforts to care for refugees
and asylum seekers in host countries as well as longer-term development efforts. Resources for one
area should not come at the expense of another.”
“In the UN system, we have championed a resilience-based approach to the Syria crisis – with de-
velopment support complementing humanitarian support. It’s not a question of either/or – both are
needed. All partners see the need to provide refugees with increased access to livelihoods, but more
livelihoods are needed for host communities too. National and international partners need to look at
job creation initiatives, strategies, policies and public-private partnerships…It is critical that the inter-
national community look at new, multi-year financial commitments to support neighbouring countries
to address the challenge of hosting very large numbers of refugees. Widening our partnerships to IFIs
and the private sector is imperative.”
United Nations Development Group Chairperson and United Nations Development Programme Ad-
ministrator Helen Clark. Address to the Resilience Development Forum, 9 November 2015.
“One key element in ensuring the world effectively responds to humanitarian crises is a much closer
link between humanitarian and development interventions, one which goes beyond the traditional
concept of ‘bridging the gap’. Development actors – supported by development budgets – have to
work side by side with humanitarians from the very beginning of each crisis, to help us prevent further
conflict, to support host communities and to pave the way for durable solutions for refugees.”
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees António Guterres. Address to the United Nations
General Assembly, 3 November 2015.
1 registered Syrian
refugees - projected by
December 2016 6 members of host
communities - direct
beneficiaries targeted � required - total
government, UN and NGO
programmatic response
4
Overview and
Strategic Directions
Lebanon/UNHCR/A. McConnell
INTRODUCTION
Since the Regional Refugee and return of displaced people in safety and among the triggers for the large-scale
Resilience Plan (3RP) for the Syria crisis with dignity. movement of refugees further afield, in-
was first launched in December 2014, the cluding more than 440,000 Syrians who
humanitarian and development situation INCREASING VULNERABILITIES AND have arrived in Europe by sea in 2015.
has deteriorated or continues to be under IMPACTS
threat both inside Syria and in neighbour- THE RESPONSE: 3RP 2016-2017
ing countries. After almost five years, refugees from
Syria are losing hope that a political solu- The 2016-2017 3RP brings together more
Over the last 12 months, the number of tion will soon be found to end the con- than 200 partners in a coordinated re-
registered Syrian refugees in the Republic flict in their homeland. They have limited gion-wide response to the Syria crisis. In
of Turkey, the Lebanese Republic, the livelihood and education opportunities, 2016, the 3RP appeal is USD 5.78 billion
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the and living conditions in exile are steadi- for the total programmatic response of
Republic of Iraq, and the Arab Republic of ly deteriorating. Savings have been de- Governments, United Nations agencies,
Egypt has increased by more than 1 mil- pleted and valuables have been sold to inter-governmental organizations (IGOs),
lion, bringing the overall total to almost 4.3 cover rent, food and other basic needs. and non-governmental organizations
million. Based on the most recent trends Refugees have become increasingly vul- (NGOs). This represents an overall in-
in displacement and population growth, nerable to protection risks, and many re- crease of 10 per cent in the appeal com-
and with access to safety in some coun- sort to negative coping mechanisms such pared to the corresponding 2015 figure,
tries becoming increasingly managed, it as child labour and early marriage. reflecting a rise in the number of refugees
is expected that some 4.7 million Syrian in the region, their increased vulnerabili-
refugees will be registered in the region The crisis continues to have an enormous ties, an increase in host Government re-
by the end of 2016. social and economic impact on the host quirements, and a greater focus on ser-
countries, with many local, municipal and vice delivery through local and municipal
Fighting has intensified in almost all national services such as health, edu- systems to reduce duplication and build
Syrian governorates, driving thousands cation and water under severe strain. resilience.
more people from their homes. The 2016 Vulnerable host community populations
Syria Humanitarian Response Plan esti- have reported decreases in wages and Within the USD 5.78 billion programmatic
mates that there are 13.5 million people in deteriorating working conditions due to requirements of the national plans, United
need, of whom 6 million are children and increased competition for low- and un- Nations agencies, IGOs and NGO part-
6.5 million are internally displaced per- skilled jobs. ners are appealing for up to USD 4.55
sons (IDPs). billion to support those national plans, an
With the 3RP only 50 per cent funded in increase of 5 per cent compared to the
A political solution is urgently needed to 2015, the shortfall in funding for human- revised 2015 appeal. This small increase
end the conflict in Syria and bring about itarian and resilience-building activities reflects continued efforts to make the
peace, stability and eventual voluntary is exacerbating these problems and is response more effective, targeted and
Jordan/WFP/Shada Moghraby
6
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
efficient, including through cash-based IGOs and NGOs is USD 2.99 billion (ex- resilience-planning must be embedded
interventions to provide assistance for cluding Lebanon which does not have an in the process in order to provide support
food and other basic needs such as rent indicative budget for 2017), although this to nationals, local authorities and state
and household items. Agencies are un- will be subject to change in line with the institutions as well as to prevent any fur-
dertaking improved targeting of resourc- evolving situation. The 3RP, with its linked ther deterioration of development gains.
es and assistance to the most vulnerable. refugee and resilience components, is Simultaneously, the national response
After large investments in establishing designed to encourage donors to support plans are more integrated and designed
camp infrastructure in Jordan and Iraq a new aid architecture by significantly ex- to respond to the impact of the Syria crisis
in recent years, the Shelter Sector is ap- panding and harmonizing funding alloca- on host communities.
pealing for a reduced amount in 2016 as tions from their different funding streams.
it moves towards a maintenance phase in Greater support needs to be provided to
camps. INTERNATIONAL SOLIDARITY AND Governments in the region, which contin-
RESPONSIBILITY-SHARING ue to generously host significant numbers
There are significant increases compared of refugees and are struggling to address
to 2015 in the Education Sector and in the The Syria regional crisis is an increasing- the magnitude of the needs. In 2016, the
Livelihoods and Social Cohesion sector, ly global one, and greater international 3RP will continue and expand the ap-
reflecting key strategic directions of the solidarity and responsibility-sharing are proach of providing protection and assis-
response in 2016-2017. Agencies aim to needed. Refugees need international tance for refugees fleeing the conflict in
help the more than 700,000 out-of-school protection and require access to safety, Syria and other vulnerable communities
refugee children to access learning, as including protection from refoulement. (the Refugee Component), while building
well as make significant investments to While many countries around the world the resilience of individuals, families, com-
support the capacity of national systems have responded in 2015 with additional munities and institutions in impacted host
to cope with the increased number of resettlement places, there is still a need countries (the Resilience Component).
students. The increase in the Livelihoods for additional opportunities for resettle-
and Social Cohesion Sector reflects a ment and other forms of admission, such Taking stock of progress in 2015, and
desire by 3RP partners to further poli- as humanitarian visas, private sponsor- looking forward to the key policy and pro-
cy change, offer life-skill and vocational ship, scholarships for tertiary education grammatic challenges and opportunities
training as well as support small and me- and facilitated access to family reunion. in the coming years, 3RP partners have
dium initiatives that offer refugees and un- It is vital that the international communi- outlined a number of strategic directions
or under-employed nationals livelihood ty provides adequate funding to address for 2016-2017. These key focus areas are
opportunities. the needs of refugees and asylum seek- listed below, and outlined in the following
ers in host countries. At the same time, pages.
The requirements reflect an overall in-
crease in the Resilience Component which
is aimed at providing a more sustainable
response. Of the USD 4.55 billion intera-
gency appeal, USD 2.82 billion (62 per
cent) is to address immediate protection
3RP 2016-2017 KEY STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS
and assistance needs within the Refugee
Component while USD 1.73 billion (38 • Strong national leadership of response planning and implementation through the
per cent) is in support of the Resilience Lebanon Crisis Response Plan (LCRP), Jordan Response Plan (JRP), and 3RP
Component, including investments in country chapters in Turkey, Iraq and Egypt.
livelihoods and support to national knowl-
edge, capacities and systems. This repre- • Enhanced accountability mechanisms, including through coordination, monitor-
sents a greater share (38 per cent in 2016 ing and evaluation, and two-way communication.
versus 29 per cent in 2015) of resources
in the Resilience Component. Some 4 mil- • A regional protection framework operationalized and protection principles main-
lion members of impacted host communi- streamed across all sectors.
ties will be directly targeted for assistance
under the 3RP in 2016. • Building on the Dead Sea Resilience Agenda’s principles and actions to inform a
more robust resilience-based response to the protracted crisis.
The 3RP partners emphasize and reiter-
ate the importance of donors disbursing • Investing in livelihoods and employment opportunities to better equip refugees
funds earlier in the year, and request mul- and host community members to provide for themselves and their families.
ti-year funding to assist in better planning,
predictability, and delivery of longer-term, • Promoting educational opportunities for children and young people in line with
resilience-based interventions. With this the No Lost Generation initiative.
in mind the total indicative requirements
for the 2017 programmatic response of • Continued outreach and partnerships for an innovative and inclusive response.
Governments, United Nations agencies,
7
REGIONAL RESPONSE SUMMARY
Explanatory Notes Table A:
Turkey 2,181,293 2,750,000 2,750,000 565,000 **** Members of Impacted Communities (Targeted
Direct Beneficiaries) represents the members of im-
Total 4,289,792* 6,160,000 4,687,000 3,957,000 pacted host communities who will be directly targeted
for assistance under the 3RP.
Jordan (JRP) 1,644,342,371 1,076,205,560 2,720,547,931 2,613,167,236 *** Lebanon does not have an indicative budget for
2017 as it intends to establish a multi-year framework
Lebanon (LCRP) *** - - - from 2017 onwards.
8
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
D. Inter-Agency Funding Requirements (USD) in support of Country Plans 2016* Explanatory Notes Table D:
Resilience
$1.73b
Refugee Refugee 38% Resilience
$2.82b
Others Regional 62% Regional
1% 6% Protection
0.55% 8%
Livelihoods
2% Food
Security
WASH Protection Others 6%
5% 13% 9%
Shelter Education
4% Food 14%
Basic Security Livelihoods
Needs 24% 37%
23% Health
5%
Education WASH Basic
14% 13% Needs
Shelter 6%
Health 2%
8%
9
REGIONAL RESPONSE TARGETS 2016
Targets include refugees and members of impacted communities unless specified
Protection
Food Security
Education
999,700 targeted children (boys and girls, 5-17) enrolled in formal education (primary or secondary)
1,121 educational facilities constructed, renovated or rehabilitated
Basic Needs
Shelter
18,100 households in camps receiving assistance for shelter and shelter upgrades
438,700 households outside camps receiving assistance for shelter and shelter upgrades
WASH
4,468,300 individuals benefiting from improved access to adequate quantity of safe water
4,417,600 beneficiaries who have experienced a hygiene promotion session
10
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
11
NATIONAL LEADERSHIP IN RESPONSE PLANNING
The global public good being provided and country chapters in Turkey, Iraq and the national Governments. These struc-
by the Governments of Turkey, Lebanon, Egypt. tures are outlined in each of the respec-
Jordan, Iraq and Egypt is recognized by tive country plans.
the international community, which works Within these plans, needs, targets, ap-
in support of their national response proaches and resources are identified A brief summary of each of the country
plans. and implemented at country level to en- response plans, including sectoral budg-
sure alignment with national planning pro- ets, is outlined on the following pages.
The 3RP is composed of country chap- cesses and frameworks. Thus, the centre
ters developed under the leadership of of gravity for implementation and deci-
national authorities with support from sion-making remains at the country level,
the United Nations and NGOs in each with coordination structures determined
country. It draws together the LCRP, JRP in each country under the leadership of
TURKEY
12
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
LEBANON
Lebanon LCRP 2016 -
Total Appeal (USD)
The Lebanon Crisis Response Plan 2016
(LCRP) in its entirety is the 3RP country Sector Total 2016
chapter for Lebanon. The LCRP is a joint
Government of Lebanon, UN and NGO Basic Assistance 356,604,240
plan to ensure that the humanitarian re-
sponse to the Syria crisis tangibly ben- Child Protection 48,123,110
efits Lebanon and helps to stabilize the
Education 388,183,390
country during this challenging period.
It continues the necessary work of deliv- Food Security 473,506,846
ering humanitarian assistance to the dis-
placed from Syria and other vulnerable Health 290,931,134
groups, while expanding plans to invest
Livelihoods 143,286,003
in Lebanese services, economies and
institutions. The Plan is a crucial channel Protection 98,500,000
through which the international commu-
nity can support Lebanon to address the SGBV 31,750,000
needs of both its own people and the dis-
placed from Syria. The LCRP represents Shelter 138,729,222
The Jordan Response Plan to the Syria Shelter 32,157,984 32,080,853 25,056,207 89,295,044
Crisis 2016-2018 (JRP 2016-18) in its Social Protection 420,385,331 374,365,034 323,477,528 1,118,227,893
entirety is the 3RP country chapter for
Jordan. The JRP 2016-18 represents a Transport 28,300,000 33,600,000 16,300,000 78,200,000
three-year programme of high priority WASH 238,800,000 263,520,000 246,560,000 748,880,000
interventions to enable the Kingdom of
Jordan to respond to the effects of the Management 1,420,000 1,140,000 740,000 3,300,000
Syria crisis without jeopardizing its devel- Sub Total: JRP Programatic
1,611,393,281 1,644,342,371 1,533,818,050 4,789,553,702
opment trajectory. The JRP 2016-18 is a Response
call for collective action to better support
Subsidies for Syrian Refugees 213,214,431 222,409,642 232,725,266 668,349,339
Syrian refugees and Jordanian people,
communities and institutions, ensuring Security Support 448,216,824 454,082,611 430,294,742 1,332,594,177
that critical humanitarian measures and Accelerated Infrastructure
medium-term interventions are better in- 258,640,000 274,158,400 290,607,904 823,406,304
Depreciation
tegrated, sequenced and complement-
Income Loss 125,702,797 125,554,907 125,721,274 376,978,978
ed. The implementation of the Plan will be
guided by the Jordan Response Platform Sub Total: Direct Budget
1,045,774,052 1,076,205,560 1,079,349,186 3,201,328,798
for the Syria Crisis (JRPSC), under the Support
leadership of the Government of Jordan.
Total 2,657,167,333 2,720,547,931 2,613,167,236 7,990,882,500
13
IRAQ
The Iraq 3RP plan has been designed reinforce resilience will be prioritized. The
as a joint and comprehensive exercise management of refugee camps and the
in collaboration with all stakeholders, in- provision of basic services will be consol-
cluding the Government of Iraq and the idated in coordination with the local au-
Kurdistan Regional Government. As 62 thorities to achieve further sustainability.
per cent of the refugees reside in the In Iraq, it is important to note that there
urban and peri-urban areas, additional is a mixed situation and that efforts have
efforts will be made to reach out to this been made to align the refugee response
dispersed population and their hosts. with the IDP programme as presented in
Multi-purpose cash assistance and liveli- the Iraq Humanitarian Response Plan.
hood projects linked with local markets to
EGYPT
The Government of Egypt, represented vulnerable among impacted communi-
by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, remains ties, targeted assistance will be focused
the main UN counterpart for policy and in the areas of protection, food, health,
coordination of the 3RP Country Plan education, livelihoods and basic needs,
for Egypt. The plan aims to strengthen along with community-based interven-
protection and support for Syrian refu- tions to enhance outreach and strengthen
gees and host communities. To address service delivery systems in the most im-
the needs of refugees and the most pacted governorates.
14
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
15
A REGIONAL PROTECTION FRAMEWORK
3RP partners work in close collabora-
tion with host Governments to maintain
access to safety and non-refoulement,
support national protection systems and
integrated services, and to strengthen
specialized protection responses for sur-
vivors of sexual and gender-based vio-
lence (SGBV), refugees with disabilities,
children, and other individuals with specif-
ic needs or at particular risk.
16
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
Lebanon/UNRWA/Kate Brooks
1. Outside UNRWA’s areas of operation, the Agency liaises with UNHCR and other partners to ensure that Palestine refugees have access to the services they need.
17
OPERATIONALIZING THE RESILIENCE AGENDA
18
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
For the countries that chose to apply the Contribute to social cohesion
resilience lens (Turkey, Iraq and Egypt),
project outputs were rated using a five- the highest scores, reflecting the ongo- The application of the Resilience Lens
point self-assessment scale on the ex- ing programming situation. On the oth- proved to be a useful exercise to iden-
tent to which they: (i) strengthen nation- er hand, an analysis by sector indicates tify the level of integration of resilience
al/local capacities and institutions; (ii) that the highest scores were achieved in activities in both the refugee and re-
contribute to sustainable benefits; and the Education Sector because projects silience components. This approach
(iii) contribute to social cohesion. These often work with national systems, focus will be further refined in the course of
ratings can be found in the sector re- on sustainable benefits and emphasize 2016 to generate periodic reports on
sponse matrices in each of those three social cohesion. Overall, the resilience further progress on the adoption of
country plans. component rated only slightly higher resilience-based programming and to
than the refugee component, indicating document best practices that could be
A preliminary analysis indicates that of that humanitarian activities also have scaled up or replicated elsewhere.
the three countries, Turkey achieved strong resilience programming.
How these principles and recommenda- present to further enhance their resil- forging new pathways of decentralized
tions apply practically will require illustra- ience-building potential with simple ad- governance. In addition, innovative mod-
tions to further stimulate thinking as well justments becomes evident. els of community engagement focusing
as the adoption of an improved common
on the assessment of risks and resourc-
monitoring and evaluation framework and For example, agencies in Turkey are sup- es have been adopted and modified by
learning processes. porting a strong nationally led and owned government agencies and have led to a
response by adapting the nature of their restructuring of these agencies to better
Many current initiatives under the 3RP intervention towards innovation and respond.
have strong resilience-building features, knowledge-sharing.
in their focus on strengthening national
In Jordan, opportunities for synergies
ownership, leadership and systems, in In Lebanon, in the context of develop- between responses to urgent municipal
their orientation to generating sustaina- ing the capacities of municipalities to re- needs, creation of new livelihood op-
ble benefits and developing absorptive, spond to the immediate challenges they tions and developing more environmen-
adaptive and transformative capaci- are facing, opportunities are being seized tally sustainable processes are being
ties and in their attention to social co- to devise new mechanisms to bring tech- seized through integrated programming,
hesion. When they are viewed through nical assistance and coordination of line inter-agency collaboration and adaptive
a Resilience Lens, these features are ministries to the sub-national level, thus planning and implementation.
heightened, and the opportunities they
19
LIVELIHOODS AND JOBS
The livelihood situation for Syrian refu- emphatically in the Dead Sea Resilience host countries. This fear can be removed
gees is worsening as a result of the cumu- Agenda, is the full involvement of the pri- by taking an incremental and adaptive
lative effects of prolonged displacement, vate sector in large scale investment that approach to policy development, as is
including the depletion of their assets and can make use of both Syrian and host increasingly advocated in the resilience
savings, a reduction in humanitarian aid, community manpower. The region is en- discourse in the context of complex so-
increases in cost of living, and no formal dowed with a very strong private sector. cial-ecological systems. The response of
access to livelihood and employment op- The main obstacle for investment in sup- the system to a policy cannot be deter-
portunities in most host countries. port of the Syrian crisis by businesses is mined ahead of time. A limited initiative,
the fear that comes from uncertainty. allowing certain groups to do certain work
At the same time, with the Syrian refugees in certain areas under certain conditions,
competing informally for low skilled jobs Many have shared their willingness to supplemented by private sector job crea-
at lower rates and the impact on host participate fully in the development of tion, would inform and guide further poli-
country businesses of loss of trade with innovative business responses, but they cy development in this area.
Syria, the unemployment rate across host perceive the risk to be too high. Anything
countries, which was already high before that can be done to reduce that perceived In terms of the approaches to employ-
the crisis, has worsened dramatically, es- risk, and there are many examples of such ment creation undertaken by various
pecially among the youth, reaching 25-30 policies, would accelerate investment partners in the 3RP, what is needed is a
per cent in some countries, which is much that can absorb a significant number of much larger scale and a more systematic
higher than the global youth unemploy- unemployed youth, reduce the need for effort to livelihood development, with var-
ment rate of 13 per cent reported by ILO. humanitarian support, reduce tensions, ious partners taking on specialized roles
The unemployment rate of young women and spur on a cycle of economic growth. within a collaborative whole, for example
is particularly high in the region, as it ex- for market analysis, for vocational and life
ceeds that of young men by as much as The third requirement is to adopt creative skills curriculum development, for the pro-
22 percentage points. labour policies for Syrian refugees to al- motion of innovative technologies, green
low for these investments to operate. Here business, alternative energy solutions
The increasing distress and vulnerability again the main policy block is a fear of and the expansion of the Making Markets
of Syrian refugees and the increasing per- the potential consequences of allowing Work for the Poor (M4P) approach advo-
ception in host communities across the Syrians to work on the unemployment in cated in Lebanon, for example.
region that refugees are a threat to their
own livelihood are causes for alarm and
constitute one of the most important risks
to stability in the region, which must be ad-
dressed vigorously and comprehensively.
20
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
Priorities
A fundamental enabler in the new sus- significant labour force that can be used of the constantly changing situation on
tainable development agenda – that is, for economic growth; (b) their skills capital the ground requiring flexibility and an
reforming growth and development mod- should be preserved for future reconstruc- adaptive capacity for situation-sensitive
els, will be progress in demonstrating how tion of Syria; and (c) promoting livelihoods programming.
livelihoods and jobs can be generated at for refugees and host communities repre-
a pace, scope and quality that satisfy ex- sents a win-win deal where host countries Policy and Institutional Environment: In
pectations for rising incomes, declining are required to establish required policy each country affected by the crisis the
poverty and inequality while meeting the conditions for investment and the interna- policy and institutional environment re-
objectives of environmental sustainability tional community the needed resources. garding working, owning and operating
and inclusiveness. This is consistent with businesses, travel, rights, etc. is different.
the United Nations Development Group During 2016-2017, the employment and The policy and institutional framework
(UNDG) Resilience Based Development sustainable livelihoods response will ad- needs to be analysed and articulated so
Response position paper. Countries that dress challenges faced by refugees (in that an open and transparent conversa-
are in crisis should form a major focus of and out of camps) and host communi- tion on opportunities and constraints to
this agenda, hence the need for new inno- ties. The following elements will define sustainable livelihoods can take place. A
vative models of jobs and livelihoods gen- interventions: first step has been taken with the adop-
eration that address the needs of crisis af- tion of the Dead Sea Resilience Agenda.
fected people in particular refugees and Approach: A comprehensive approach, It is recognised that national governments
refugee hosting communities at large. implemented in an iterative manner, will determine the national policy and institu-
include the following interactive compo- tional space for dialogue on what could
The livelihoods and jobs agenda needs nents: (1) analysis and monitoring and be done differently and they will be sup-
to leave no one behind. In the Syria cri- (2) program design and implementation. ported in doing this.
sis and beyond: (a) refugees represent a This approach is necessary because
In 2016-2017 a consolidated effort will be required from 3RP partners, in conjunction with host governments and the donor
community, consistent with national legal frameworks, to focus on the following:
1. Stabilize livelihoods and employment through income generation and emergency job creation for host community mem-
bers and refugees.
2. Support local economic revitalization for strengthening maximum absorption capacity of hosting communities for refugees.
3. Support host communities through development and scale up of sustainable employment and inclusive economic growth.
4. Implementation of private sector partnerships on livelihoods and employment, for the sub-region, promote inter regional
trade, explore options for employment and jobs creation, youth employment. Explore further linkages on areas around green
jobs, information technology, and services making use of the younger and higher educated youth in the countries affected
by the Syria crisis.
5. Develop knowledge products and instruments that reinforce a resilience response through sustainable livelihood strate-
gies and stabilization where focus is on host communities and refugees.
These funds will be managed regionally, and allocated to countries based on their request pursuant to set criteria. A regional
team will monitor the disbursement of the funds and provide technical oversight on their implementation.
21
NO LOST GENERATION
The No Lost Generation (NLG) initiative crisis means more needs to be done to The NLG initiative works because of its
was launched in 2013 to focus attention expand quality services for refugee and alignment to existing processes and
on the plight of children affected by the other vulnerable children. Increased in- mechanisms, including the 2016 Syria
Syria crisis. By articulating real concerns vestment in capacity-building of national Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) and
about the possible ‘loss’ of a whole gen- services and systems is crucial so that the 2015-2016 Regional Refugee and
eration of children, adolescents and communities are better served in the me- Resilience Plan (3RP), all of which are in-
youth to the effects of violence and dis- dium to long-term. formed by national plans and strategies.
placement, the initiative puts education For clarity, NLG targets and indicators are
and child protection at the centre of the Access to education and communi- clearly marked within these plans to en-
response inside Syria, and across the five ty-based approaches remain key priori- sure that results are more easily tracked.
refugee host countries (Turkey, Lebanon, ties to mitigate and respond to protection
Jordan, Iraq and Egypt). risks, including through engaging adoles- The key priorities are to ensure longer-
cents and youths and scaling up appro- term, more predictable financing from
The NLG initiative is informed by and in- priate livelihood opportunities. development and humanitarian budgets,
tegrated in the 3RP, reflecting the vision while working with the public and private
for protecting and educating all children Partnerships have been key in driving the sectors, and promoting investments in
affected by the Syria conflict. NLG initiative. As it moves into the new cost-efficient and innovative programmes
phase, further emphasis will be placed on for education, child protection and ado-
Despite all efforts, the situation for refugee ensuring that children and young people lescents and youth.
children from Syria across the sub-region themselves are the true advocates and
is desperate. The protracted nature of the ‘Champions’ of the NLG.
UNICEFMENA/Phazou
22
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
In addition, livelihoods and social protection programmes are crucial to mitigate the impact of increasing poverty on negative coping
strategies, such as child labour, school drop-out and early marriage.
Pillar 1: Education
This new phase of the NLG aims to improve quality formal and non-formal learning opportunities for children in the refugee
host countries. This will be achieved by:
1. Scaling up access to quality community-based child protection, including but not limited to psychosocial support.
2. Providing specialized child protection services including where appropriate linking with livelihood support to families and
children.
3. Strengthening national formal child protection systems, including through legal and policy reform.
23
PARTNERSHIPS
The host Governments of Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq and Egypt remain the leaders and key partners of the United Nations and
national and international NGOs in delivering the 3RP response across the region.
In 2016-2017, one of the key objectives of the 3RP is to build upon the existing partnership platform to expand engagement and
coordination with a range of different actors, several of whom are highlighted in the following sections.
24
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
Donor Partnerships
3RP partners would like to thank donors for their key role in advocating on behalf of refugees and host Governments. Donors have
been instrumental in national, regional and international forums in strengthening the 3RP response. The 3RP partners are committed
to maintaining and further strengthening these strategic partnerships in 2016 and 2017.
3RP partners acknowledge the generosity of Governments, private donors, international funds and other institutions and organiza-
tions, which have contributed USD 2.2 billion to the 3RP in 2015. Since 2012, when the first Regional Refugee Response Plan was
issued, more than USD 6.9 billion have been mobilized by donors. In the absense of a political solution in Syria, increasing these
funding levels in 2016-2017 will be essential in responding to the needs of refugees and hosting communities through both humani-
tarian and resilience/development programming. Donors are also encouraged to consider more multi-year funding to assist in better
planning, predictability, and delivery of longer-term, resilience-based interventions.
The following Governments have provided funding to asist refugees, members of host communities and others under the 3RP in
2015. Funding to the 3RP has also been recieved from private donors and other institutions, while contributions made outside of the
3RP framework by governments, charities and other organizations are also acknowledged. Agencies are also grateful for unear-
marked funds provided by donors to their global operations.
Contingency Planning
The situation in Syria continues to generate displacement within the country as well as externally, with significant numbers of
people continuing to seek safety in the Middle East and North Africa region. For the first time, however, the movements show
different trends, with an increasing number of departures from the host countries including returns to Syria undertaken primarily
to reunite with family members and for medical reasons.
Contingency plans are in place to for partners to respond to the situation in Syria as it continues to evolve. The existing 3RP
plan would cover further refugee outflows of up to 4.7 million refugees. Should return trends increase, 3RP partners and in par-
ticular the protection actors would rapidly scale up existing responses, including monitoring and counselling to allow refugees
to make an informed and voluntary decision. While these activities could be accommodated to a certain degree within existing
programmes, further support would be needed to expand them rapidly together with 3RP partners. These efforts can also help
to avoid situations where refugees may return to situations that would lead to further displacement.
25
GCC Contributions
Since the beginning of the Syria crisis, the refugees. The IICO is active in Jordan, of Saudi Arabia (IIROSA) is working
Kingdom of Bahrain, Kingdom of Saudi Lebanon and Turkey. In 2016 it will con- across the region with direct implemen-
Arabia (KSA), State of Kuwait, State of tinue its focus on resilience programmes tation in all programmatic sectors with a
Qatar, Sultanate of Oman, United Arab in education, microfinance, economic specific focus on the food sector and sea-
Emirates (UAE) and organizations from empowerment and employment. IICO sonal programmes.
those Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) has also established refugee villages in
countries have responded by provid- Jordan and Turkey which include shelter, The Bahrain Royal Charity (BRC) has
ing much-needed aid and assistance to schools and health clinics. funded shelter, infrastructure and health
Syrian refugees and host communities facilities for Syrian refugees residing in
alike in the 3RP countries. Governments and charities are work- Azraq camp in Jordan, and is exploring
ing closely to synergize the United Arab the possibility of providing further assis-
In addition to the financial support given Emirates response to the Syria refugee cri- tance in the form of kitchen facilities and
by the GCC States to the 3RP appeal, sis. For 2016, the Ministry of International internal transportation within the camp.
it is important to recognize the role that Cooperation and Development (MICAD)
GCC organizations have played in the re- has developed priority themes of food, The Sultanate of Oman, through the Oman
sponse to the Syria refugee crisis. While shelter, WASH and education. The UAE Charitable Organization (OCO), contin-
some of this support has been in the form Red Crescent Association continues to ues to be an important humanitarian con-
of contributions within the formal 3RP provide large-scale humanitarian relief tributor and supporter of Syrian refugees
process, the majority of the aid is being and livelihood programmes to Syrian refu- in Jordan through the provision of various
provided in the form of assistance to local gees in Jordan, Iraq, Egypt and Lebanon. forms of relief and shelter assistance.
NGOs, through direct implementation or Its largest operation is in Jordan where it
bilaterally. is managing and funding the ‘Mrajeeb Al Qatari Charities such as Sheikh Thani Bin
Fhood’ camp, with the capacity to take in Abdullah Foundation for Humanitarian
To ensure coordination between 3RP 10,000 refugees. Services (RAF), Reach out to Asia (ROTA),
partners and GCC organizations and to Qatar Charity and Qatar Red Crescent,
minimize duplication and fill gaps in the The Big Heart Foundation has been a invest in and implement a diverse set of
assistance delivered, efforts to build an staunch supporter of Syrian refugees humanitarian and resilience programmes
effective process of engagement and since the beginning of the crisis. Under when responding to the Syria refugee cri-
coordination are undertaken at both re- the auspices of Her Highness Sheikha sis. In 2015, RAF began the construction
gional and country levels. For example, in Jawaher Al Qasimi, Wife of the Ruler of of a city for Syrian orphans and their rela-
Lebanon, GCC partners have been more Sharjah and UNHCR Eminent Advocate, tives in Reyhanli, Turkey, and this project
engaged this year in the 3RP interagen- the Foundation has supported a multitude will continue in 2016. RAF will continue
cy coordination processes through more of initiatives that have had a lifesaving education programmes from primary to
meetings, exchange of information and impact in providing protection and assis- university level, economic empowerment
data sharing. tance to the millions of Syrian refugees and food security in Lebanon and Jordan.
in neighbouring countries. Programmes Qatar Charity is allocating funds for its
At the regional level, progress also has funded have included cash assistance, 2016 Syrian refugee programmes in six
been made in establishing an under- baby and children’s support, health, shel- key sectors (basic needs, education, pro-
standing of the 3RP planning and report- ter and education. tection, livelihoods, food security and shel-
ing mechanisms. Most recently, building ter) in Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey and Iraq.
on similar meetings in 2014, a planning In Saudi Arabia, charities and founda- As part of its regional Syrian refugee pro-
meeting was held between 3RP regional tions responding to the crisis include gramme, Qatar Red Crescent in Lebanon
partners and organizations from Kuwait, the King Salman Humanitarian Aid and will provide large-scale medical relief to
Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Relief Centre (KS relief), which is new- refugees and continue its winterization
Emirates in November 2015. The meeting ly-established and plans to serve as the programme, particularly looking at sus-
served as an opportunity for GCC part- coordinating mechanism for all of KSA’s tainable solutions such as plastic sheets
ners to provide an overview of their work, international humanitarian relief response with a five-year guarantee and thermal
programmes delivered in 2015 and 2016 programing and funds. The Saudi Fund insulation. Meanwhile, ROTA continues
plans. for Development (SFD) has invested in to support and fund long-term education
large infrastructure programmes such and vocational training programmes for
Kuwaiti organizations such as the as construction of water reservoirs and Syrian refugees in the region.
Kuwait Red Crescent Society (KRCS) WASH-related activities in Lebanon and
and the International Islamic Charitable Jordan. Providing an effective process of en-
Organization (IICO) have extensive pro- gagement of GCC partners in the 3RP
grammes across various sectors in the The Alwaleed Bin Talal Foundation, planning, implementation and reporting
3RP countries. The KRCS delivers core re- through its partnership with several hu- cycles will remain a priority in 2016.
lief items to Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey and manitarian organizations, is in the pro-
Iraq, and also focuses on health and live- cess of establishing a humanitarian
lihood projects. In Lebanon and Jordan, academy which aims to build capacities
KRCS established bakeries and oper- of local NGOs in host communities. The
ates several health clinics serving Syrian International Islamic Relief Organization
26
Regional Sector
Strategies
Turkey/UNICEF/Yurtsever
Regional Inter-Agency
PROTECTION Sector Budget
USD 504 million
28
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
situations of child labour and early mar- obtain a medical birth notification, which SGBV, and those who have been affected
riage as negative coping mechanisms is needed to register new births. by it, through multi-sectorial prevention
in response to the depletion of their sav- and response programming, along with
ings and resources, and the difficulties of Collectively, these efforts help to ensure specialized services. Support is provided
meeting basic needs as their displace- that every refugee child begins life with a to government and civil society partners
ment becomes more protracted. In re- birth certificate that provides evidence of to establish safe reporting, referral and
sponse, the No Lost Generation initiative his or her identity, family composition and follow-up mechanisms, and to promote
within the 3RP prioritizes the strengthen- nationality, measures which are critical community awareness.
ing of national child protection services; in addressing the risks of statelessness
expanding quality specialized child pro- arising from conflict, displacement, family The SGBV prevention and response strat-
tection services including psychosocial separation and the loss or destruction of egy emphasizes the strengthening of
support; enhancing the capacity of com- documents. Improving access to identity national systems and capacity, communi-
munities to protect children; and advo- documentation also enhances freedom of ty-based prevention and response initia-
cating for appropriate laws and policies movement, and thus improves access to tives, the promotion of gender equality in
which ensure family unity. Alternative, services. national laws and policies, improved data
family-based, care arrangements are also collection and analysis, and the provision
sought for unaccompanied or separated To harness the aspirations of young ref- of medical and legal assistance for survi-
children, in line with their best interests. ugees to have a sense of agency and vors. Protection actors also engage men
Child-sensitive policies and procedures purpose and to develop and contribute to and boys as agents of positive change
are mainstreamed in all sectors, includ- their communities, the 3RP expands op- in addressing unequal power dynamics,
ing with government and civil society portunities for engaging with young peo- while seeking to ensure services are ac-
partners, as well as within United Nations ple as partners through adolescent- and cessible to them in situations where they
agencies. youth-led civic engagement initiatives. may be SGBV survivors. Collectively,
Efforts also focus on scaling up second- these efforts support the goal of establish-
Increasing access to civil status docu- ary and tertiary education, including for- ing safe, confidential and quality preven-
mentation is also a key element of the mal and non-formal education such as tion and response services for all refugee
protection response. Refugee Outreach accelerated learning and linkages to rele- women, girls, men and boys.
Volunteers counsel and accompany new vant vocational training. These measures
mothers to hospital and civil registration are complemented by initiatives to im-
offices. Religious courts and leaders prove the ability of young refugees to ac- Sector Innovation
counsel refugees on the procedures to cess safety, receive documentation and
obtain official birth and marriage certifi- benefit from child protection and SGBV With the large inflow of Syrian ref-
cates, and help to deter early marriage - a services. Targeting both refugee and im- ugees in the region, UNHCR intro-
protection issue which can also impede pacted communities, such initiatives have duced iris-scan biometric technology
the registration of any subsequent births. also been proven to enhance social cohe- to ensure the efficient registration of
sion and peaceful coexistence. refugees upon arrival in the countries
Multi-media materials, including print, vid- of asylum. As of November 2015,
eo and photography, are shared in all op- Even as refugees escape from the imme- 97 per cent of Syrian refugees aged
erations to raise community awareness. diate dangers of armed conflict, the risk above 7 years registered with UNHCR
Partnerships with civil society and host of SGBV remains and may escalate as in Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq and Egypt
Governments also seek to improve ac- displacement becomes protracted. While had been registered using biometric
cess to marriage registration, a measure under-reporting remains a concern, do- technology, a faster, more secure and
which increases the protection of women’s mestic violence is the most prevalent form durable method to protect people and
security and rights and also facilitates the of SGBV identified, with forced and child target assistance. This technology
registration of their children. Partnerships marriage an issue of particular concern. provides real-time, high-confidence
with hospitals ensure that pregnant ref- The 3RP seeks to institutionalize effective recognition of a person’s identity and
ugee women can deliver in safety and protection for persons of concern against in turn prevents fraud.
29
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
Lebanon/UNHCR/E.Dorfman
Since 2013, over 45,741 Syrian refugees have been submitted for resettlement or other forms of admission to third countries,
with an estimated 15,000-16,000 departures by the end of 2015. With the exception of Turkey, where the Government conducts
registration, Syrian refugees in all 3RP countries are registered and have their biometrics taken by UNHCR following their reg-
istration interview. In these operations, prior to a resettlement interview with UNHCR, Syrian refugees identified for resettlement
consideration would have to first undergo biometrics verification.
While the resettlement programme is designed specifically for the most vulnerable refugees, there are other forms of admission,
often based on existing links such as family and community links, and the skills and academic qualifications of refugees. 3RP
partners advocate that States provide additional legal avenues to allow refugees to access safety in third countries. Additional
avenues protect vulnerable refugees and help them to re-establish their lives. They represent important gestures of internation-
al solidarity and responsibility sharing with host countries neighbouring Syria. Such legal pathways, including sponsorships,
labour mobility schemes with protection safeguards, and extended family reunification programmes, provide additional oppor-
tunities to greater numbers of Syrian refugees.
30
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
Regional Inter-Agency
FOOD SECURITY Sector Budget
USD 787 million
31
In areas bordering Syria, where farming
systems are characterized by pastoral-
ism, crop and horticulture production,
the collapse of field veterinary and plant
protection services inside Syria has in-
creased the risks of trans-boundary an-
imal and crop diseases, compounding
challenges related to land and water
scarcity, climate changes, low productiv-
ity and limited market participation. In ar-
eas with large refugee populations, there
is evidence of environmental and natural
resource depletion, water pollution, land
degradation and destruction of the habi-
tat of indigenous fauna and flora.
3. Strengthen the capacities of food and refugee and resident vulnerable popula- of natural resources, efforts will be made
agricultural production systems to bet- tions. To mitigate the impact of negative to promote ‘climate smart’ and innovative
ter respond to the food and livelihood coping mechanisms such as withdrawing agricultural technologies and practic-
needs of the populations affected by children from school, food sector actors es in areas with large numbers of Syrian
the crisis. will work to improve enrolment through refugees. Surveillance and early warning
school-feeding programmes in selected systems to control trans-boundary animal
The Food Security Sector strategy will countries. and crop pests and diseases to protect
pursue a combination of direct food as- the assets and the health of Syrian ref-
sistance through cash-based transfers Opportunities to support sustainable pro- ugees and vulnerable communities will
and other mechanisms to respond to im- duction and creation of agriculture-relat- also be established.
mediate short-term humanitarian needs. ed temporary-income generating oppor-
The strategy will promote and support tunities will be sought, in addition to those The Sector will advocate for a coordinat-
access, availability and consumption of aiming to protect agricultural assets in ed and evidence-based food security re-
safe, nutritious and diversified food for promoting an efficient animal health con- sponse in accordance with proper food
targeted vulnerable households through trol strategy and pest management. To security and livelihoods assessments and
food assistance, and support national increase food availability and address the needs-based delivery.
safety net programmes for both targeted structural problems related to the scarcity
32
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
Sector Innovation
The WFP cash-based transfer programme allows beneficiaries to spend their entitlements in multiple visits to shops, which
is more discreet and less stigmatizing. As the cards are recharged automatically through the partner bank, beneficiaries are
no longer required to travel for monthly distributions to receive their food assistance. When making a purchase in the super-
market, refugees present their e-card together with their matching UNHCR refugee identification card and input their four digit
security code. Another recent innovation in the delivery of WFP assistance has been the iris-scan payment system which allows
beneficiaries to pay for their purchases through an iris scan. This has been successfully tested in Jordan.
Turkey/WFP/Berna Cetin
33
Regional Inter-Agency
EDUCATION Sector Budget
USD 638 million
2. Out-of-school children estimations based on Syrian refugee population data from UNHCR and enrolment figures from 3RP Country Education Sector Dashboards. All
data for children 5-17 years as of August 2015.
34
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
In line with the No Lost Generation (NLG) children, fostering social cohesion, ad- prefabricated schools to house tempo-
initiative, the education sectors in the five dressing risks of radicalization, and pre- rary education centres for Syrian children,
3RP countries will implement programmes paring children and young people to en- expanding national capacity establishing
aimed at: gage in potential transitions to peace and second shifts and supporting teacher
reconstruction. incentives and training will contribute to
1. Scaling up opportunities for equita- the aim of MONE and partners to double
ble access to formal and non-formal At the systemic level, policy development, current levels of enrolment. In Lebanon,
education. planning and sector coordination capaci- the budget of the resilience component
2. Promoting the quality and relevance of ties of education systems will be strength- has almost doubled compared to the
education. ened to increase the resilience of educa- 2015 3RP, with critical support provided
3. Strengthening education systems at tion systems in the region. Programmes to the Ministry of Education and Higher
national and sub-national levels. will be developed to strengthen the ca- Education in expanding absorption ca-
pacity of schools to collect data, plan and pacity and to families in overcoming some
Scaling up opportunities for equitable act in contexts of emergencies to reach of the key barriers to education.
access include the rehabilitation of for- out to the excluded and improve effec-
mal public schools and establishment of tiveness and efficiency. Partners will work Education programme outcomes will con-
other safe temporary/alternative learning to develop accreditation frameworks for tribute to the reduction in the number of
spaces, the provision of gender-sensitive alternative education, such as non-for- out-of-school Syrian children and children
WASH facilities and adequate quantities mal and informal education, together with in vulnerable host communities in the re-
of water and the procurement and distri- pathways to formal schooling. gion, increased access to technical and
bution of school furniture and material to vocational education and training and
ensure safety in school. Double shifts will There is increasing national leadership tertiary education opportunities for young
continue to be supported and expanded to in the education sector, with partners people, strengthened capacity of teach-
widen access to formal education. Quality working closely with national ministries ing staff (including increased financial
non-formal learning initiatives such as ac- of education to provide formal educa- support), and strengthened education
celerated learning programmes (ALP) and tion and scale up informal and non-for- systems. If the education sector is fully
catch-up classes, remedial education, lit- mal education opportunities. Examples funded in 2016, almost one million chil-
eracy and numeracy classes, language of reinforced national leadership include dren will be able to access formal edu-
courses, and e-learning programmes will the Reaching All Children with Education cation and 705,000 children non-formal
be expanded and linked to child protec- (RACE) initiative in Lebanon, the Jordan education.
tion programmes where relevant. Early Ministry of Education planning for the sec-
Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) tor until 2018, and the Ministry of National
services and tertiary education for youth Education (MONE) in Turkey enhancing Sector Innovation
will be supported by partners. Access education planning capacity through pro-
strategies include a focus on back-to- vincial action plans. In Lebanon, UNICEF piloted the
learning campaigns and the mobilization Raspberry Pi for Learning project,
and engagement of parents, families and The 3RP in 2016 calls for significant bud- which offered a low-cost computer
communities. Necessary social protection get increases for the education sector to solution to deliver content in human-
services will be expanded through school scale up the response in all areas of ed- itarian situations. The Raspberry Pi is
transportation, school feeding, school ucation, including pre-primary education, a low-cost (USD 25) credit card-sized
grants and scholarships, and assistance formal and non-formal basic education, computer that plugs into a monitor or
to families for school costs. technical and vocational training, teacher TV and uses a standard keyboard and
incentives and professional development. mouse. It is a capable device that en-
To absorb the number of Syrian students In countries such as Turkey, providing ables children to explore computing.
and increase response capacities, the
public education systems in some of the
countries have re-introduced or expand-
ed double shifts in overcrowded schools,
thus affecting the quality of education
and slowing public education reform. The
quality and relevance of education will be
improved through professional develop-
ment for teachers, facilitators and school
staff on child-centred, protective and in-
teractive methodologies, classroom man-
agement and psychosocial support. Part
of ensuring quality education is the pro-
curement and distribution of textbooks,
teaching and learning materials, and
school supplies. Life-skills education will
be strengthened to improving learning,
employability and school-to-work transi-
Iraq/UNICEF/Chris Niles
tions. Citizenship education is a means of
preventing violence and bullying among
35
HEALTH AND Regional Inter-Agency
Sector Budget
36
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
In Iraq, Syrians accommodated in camps have free access to health care services. For refugees outside of camps in the
Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI), PHC centers and public hospitals are accessible at a very low cost and Syrians can access sim-
ilar health services as provided to Iraqis. In the Centre and South, Syrians can benefit from free access to public health facilities.
In Jordan, refugees living in camps have access to free health care services. Outside camps, Syrian refugees pay the non-in-
sured Jordanian rate for all Ministry of Health services. Immunization, ante-natal/post-natal care and family planning are offered
free of charge.
In Lebanon, services are provided against nominal fees for both Lebanese and Syrians. Hospital services are covered partially
by UNHCR.
In Turkey, PHC services are free for Syrians registered with the Government.
health care for refugees and impacted positive steps in addressing the language
local populations, both through direct barrier for Syrian patients.
interventions and through strengthening
national systems and capacities. Health The Health Sector’s priorities for 2016
partners in all 3RP countries will provide include boosting routine immunization
direct health services for Syrian refugees coverage for measles, polio and oth-
and impacted host communities, and er vaccine-preventable diseases and
build the technical expertise of local ac- strengthening disease early warning and
tors, enhancing their resilience to poten- surveillance systems. Building more ro-
tial future shocks. bust health information systems to inform
health response action is a priority. A proj-
A full transition and ownership of health ect successfully piloted and rolled-out in
services by the national Government is Jordan utilizing mobile technology to aid
successfully underway in Iraq. This is be- in the collection and reporting of public
ing demonstrated with the integration of health data is being expanded to other
all PHC services in the refugee camps countries. Measures to expand the exist-
with the national health system. It is an- ing health information system to register
ticipated that the remainder of PHC ser- and record data on Syrian refugees and
vice provision in Arbat and Gawilan ref- to enable better planning is a priority in
ugee camps will be gradually handed Turkey where SMS texts will be used and
over to the Ministry of Health/Directorate a hotline established to strengthen infor-
of Health by December 2016. Egypt is mation outreach to Syrians. Adequate
looking at building the capacities of the management of noncommunicable dis-
national health care services to provide eases and mental health cases at the pri-
Iraq/UNHCR/Chloe
quality and non-discriminatory health care mary level and the continuity of care are
in the most affected governorates in 2016. key priorities.
This is in line with the mainstreaming strat-
egy of integrating Syrian refugees into the Improving access to reproductive health
public health system, which has driven a care services for refugees, which in-
rise in attendance of refugees at public cludes clinical management of rape ser- Sector Innovation
health facilities in Alexandria and Cairo, vices and referral mechanisms for SGBV
as well as support and understanding psychosocial services is another key con- WHO introduced pioneering tech-
of health care staff in relation to Syrians. cern. The Health and Protection Sectors nology for routine public health sur-
This strategy enabled Syrian refugees to will work closely to ensure that all medical veillance, utilizing mobile technology
receive similar PHC services provided to and non-medical personnel are trained to and an online platform. The roll-out
Egyptians. In Turkey, where the Ministry apply confidentiality, safety and respect of this technology started in Jordan in
of Health has ensured that emergency for survivors receiving treatment as well April 2014. The application introduced
health care is provided to both registered as safe identification and referrals. Safe clinical-decision support as well as
and unregistered Syrians, WHO and the spaces for women and girls are being es- real-time reporting to clinicians, which
University of Gaziantep have developed tablished to serve as the entry point for disseminated automated SMS and
a training curriculm to allow Syrian doc- the provision of sexual and reproductive email alerts, mapping support and re-
tors and nurses to be trained to provide health services and services for SGBV porting - for access at all levels of the
health services to Syrian refugees within survivors. Ministry of Health.
the Turkish health system. This will make
37
Regional Inter-Agency
BASIC NEEDS Sector Budget
USD 763 million
38
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
Monitoring Exercise. The Sector in Jordan the minimum survival expenditure basket 775,000 Syrians including new arrivals,
aims to reduce exposure to negative cop- (MSEB), a steep increase from 29 per camp residents in need of replenishments,
ing mechanisms through a social pro- cent in 2014; while 100 per cent of Syrian and Syrians living in locations where cash
tection response which includes 55,000 refugees cannot meet their basic needs schemes are not able to be implemented
Syrian refugees with protection concerns without engaging in severe coping strat- due to operational constraints.
receiving urgent or emergency cash as- egies. With current vulnerability trends,
sistance and through continued invest- the number of people in need in 2016 will An integral part of the resilience strate-
ment in CRIs for all new arrivals. be approximately twice that of 2015 and gy across the region sees the continued
therefore 624,000 Syrian refugees will be coordination with the affected displaced
In Lebanon, the 2015 Vulnerability targeted for multi-purpose/sector cash population through their self-manage-
Assessment of Syrian Refugees indicates transfers in 2016. ment structures to ensure decreasing de-
that the proportion of Syrian refugee pendency on direct assistance, as well as
households living below the national pov- In 2016, assistance in Turkey will be pri- expanding the capacity of central and lo-
erty line (USD 3.84/person/day) has in- marily for 485,000 vulnerable Syrians in cal social safety nets for the identification
creased by 20 percentage points from the camps and host communities support- of needs and vulnerabilities.
previous year (50 per cent in 2014 to 70 ed with multipurpose cash or emergen-
per cent in 2015). The majority of refugee cy non-cash assistance. The provision
households (52 per cent) are living below of non-food items will be prioritized for
Sector Innovation
To distribute cash assistance to thousands of Syrian refugees living in urban settings in Jordan, UNHCR partnered with Cairo
Amman Bank, which pioneered the use of biometrics in its banking system by introducing iris-scan technology in various
branches and ATM machines. This gives refugees the flexibility to retrieve UNHCR cash assistance from any Cairo Amman
Bank ATM without having to remember the PIN associated with traditional bank cards. It also ensures that allocated funds
reach only the intended recipients and has eliminated the need for UNHCR to carry out ‘presence of checks’ with individual
households.
Iraq/UNHCR/N. Colt
39
SHELTER
Regional Inter-Agency
Sector Budget
USD 152 million
The large majority of Syrian refugees live yet responded to the existing urban chal- and cooperation with local municipalities
in urban, peri-urban and rural settings. lenges, where substandard shelter condi- and national authorities will be sought
The high demand for shelter, to which tions have often been compounded by a throughout 2016.
the local and national housing markets decrease in the quality of basic services
have not been able to adjust, has led to provided by local municipalities. In urban, peri-urban and rural areas, sub-
housing shortages and an increase in standard shelters will be upgraded by sus-
rental prices, affecting host communities In Turkey, 13 per cent of the refugee popu- taining weatherproofing and other shelter
and refugees alike. In Jordan alone, it is lation lives in camps, while the figure is 18 enhancement activities such as raising of
now estimated that 91,000 housing units per cent in Jordan and 39 per cent in Iraq. floors and fire protection. In order to en-
are required, 184 per cent more than the Refugees living in camps need protection hance the availability of adequate and af-
estimated average annual domestic need against the elements, sufficient housing fordable housing, unoccupied structures
of 32,000 units. Such pressure on the space for families and a sense of priva- such as unfinished houses, worksites and
housing market has triggered tensions cy and security. More durable shelter op- other structures will be rehabilitated and
between communities. tions continue to be required to adjust to upgraded where possible. The value of
the protracted nature of the displacement. the rehabilitation will be exchanged for
With vulnerability levels on the rise, many accommodation free of charge or for a
refugees cannot pay for adequate ac- Targeting of beneficiaries of the shelter negotiated rental fee during a fixed peri-
commodation and live in substandard interventions will be based on vulnerabil- od, guaranteed by lease agreements in
shelter conditions, in informal settlements ity assessments, both in terms of overall compliance with national laws. This will
or unfinished structures. These include economic vulnerability and shelter-spe- provide adequate and secure shelter
homes with leaking roofs or plastic sheets cific vulnerabilities. Priority households for Syrian refugees while also benefit-
in place of windows or with no running wa- will be identified at field level, in coordi- ing landlords. As the inability to pay rent
ter or toilet. More than 50 per cent of the nation with local authorities and other continues to be one of the major issues
displaced Syrian population in Lebanon sectors’ partners to ensure synergies and faced by refugees, which ties into the risk
are estimated to need support so that complementarities. of eviction, negative coping mechanisms
their dwellings meet minimum standards. and SGBV, conditional cash for rent will
Moreover, refugees often have difficul- The Shelter Sector, which is active in be provided to vulnerable refugees who
ties securing tenure and have no written Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq, aims at ensur- are unable to pay their rent.
rental agreements, which put them at risk ing sustainable and appropriate access
of eviction or exploitation by landlords. to shelter and infrastructure for refugees Resilience will be encouraged at two
Urban planning at the local level has not and host community members. Sector different levels in urban, peri-urban and
partners will focus on the availability, af- rural areas: by integrating energy and
fordability and quality of shelter and on water-saving components into the shelter
Over half of displaced improving security of tenure in a holistic
manner, addressing both the short- and
response when possible, and by having
a more institutional approach through
Syrians in Lebanon need long-term shelter needs of the most vul- which local and national authorities are
shelter assistance nerable refugees and members of the closely involved in the design and im-
host communities. Close coordination plementation of the shelter response and
40
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
capacitated to assist the shelter needs standards. In some camps, additional technical advice to build their own hous-
of their constituencies. In Jordan, shelter construction work (cooking area, water es. Replacement of tents will nonetheless
partners’ interventions will complement and sanitation facilities, etc.) will be car- still be required pending the full transi-
and support the Jordan Housing Sector ried out. In Iraq, durable shelter options tion to durable solutions. To the extent
Reform programme to address the struc- will continue to be implemented as part possible, water and sanitation facilities in
tural issues affecting the housing sector. of the long-term plan to make camps camps will continue to be handed over to
‘tent free’ and turn them into settlements the relevant government departments.
In camps, maintenance and upgrading where refugees will have access to all
of infrastructure will take place to con- basic facilities. Vulnerable households
tinue upholding international SPHERE will be supported with materials and
Sector Innovation
An innovative shelter project of the Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) in Lebanon and Jordan provides financial incentives and
technical support to landlords to finish their semi-constructed housing. In return, vulnerable Syrian refugees identified by NRC
benefit from rent-free accommodation for a period of 12 to 24 months. NRC selects its shelter beneficiaries based on vulnerabil-
ity criteria which include currently living in sub-standard conditions, an inability to find adequate shelter, female or child-headed
households, persons with a disability and people with other special needs.
Lebanon/UNICEF/Ramzi Haidar
41
WASH
Regional Inter-Agency
Sector Budget
USD 361 million
42
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
The enahnced support provided by host in Iraq in 2015. In both cases, the lessons partners will continue reinforcing capacity
Governments to WASH services across from the collaboration between the WASH of national partners and local communi-
the region in response to the crisis, in- and Health sectors have been drawn and ties to promote sustainable and resilient
cluding through water subsidies, has will be used for 2016 preparedness. All systems. Across the region, sector part-
placed significant burdens on public fi- countries are ensuring that contingency ners will scale up support on environ-
nances. While there has been an increase capacities and plans are in place to re- mental issues including through water
in support to services in host communi- spond to high risk scenarios including conservation campaigns, community
ties, further support is needed to increase disease outbreaks and new influxes of ref- mobilization and improved management
capacities for water pumping, solid waste ugees. Across the region, WASH partners of water resources such as studies on
management and reinforcing municipal will continue to support basic needs by groundwater abstraction and sustainable
services. Considerably more structural providing hygiene items, and cash grants waste disposal.
and long-term investment is needed. including to newly arriving refugees and
vulnerable populations. WASH sector partners will work with other
The 3RP partners will continue to focus sectors including Basic Needs, Shelter,
WASH interventions on Lebanon, Jordan The WASH sector is reinforcing efforts to Health, Education and Protection to deliv-
and Iraq. Existing services available in ensure national leadership of sector inter- er services and raise community aware-
Turkey and Egypt mean that there is less ventions, including building resilient sys- ness for the most vulnerable groups.
need for specific international assistance tems in host communities, and capacity Inter-sector programming will promote
from the WASH Sector, and instead other building of national systems on tariffs and safe services to reduce risks, reduce dis-
sectors provide support for target groups regulatory frameworks. In Lebanon WASH ease incidence and ensure vulnerable
to live in adequate shelters with satisfac- interventions are now under the Energy populations have access to basic assis-
tory conditions of sanitation and hygiene, and Water sector, while an increasing tance items. WASH services in schools
and to rehabilitate WASH systems in number of national partners are engaged will include water conservation and hy-
schools alongside provision of hygiene in Jordan and Iraq. In host communities giene promotion.
promotion.
43
LIVELIHOODS AND Regional Inter-Agency
Sector Budget
SOCIAL COHESION USD 687 million
44
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
delivery systems, increasing insecurity sector is key to creating income-gener- between municipalities and their constitu-
and loss of social cohesion, municipalities ating opportunities and improving work ents while enhancing social cohesion. The
are trying their best to meet the growing conditions. With adequate financing, a methodology has been adopted by the
challenges while facing critical limitations multi-year plan will include increased Ministry of Social Affairs, which has mod-
linked to their mandates and legal frame- access to the financial system (espe- ified and adapted it to its needs and lon-
works, capacities and fiscal situations. cially for affordable credit and sav- ger-term priorities, and also modified its
Municipalities face budgetary constraints ings), access to appropriate technolo- own organizational structure (through the
due to a lack of fiscal decentralization, a gy for MSMEs and access to physical appointment of area coordinators to facil-
limited revenue base and weak data col- capital including spaces for manufac- itate and oversee the process). Because
lection and enforcement mechanisms. turing, retailing and vending. the municipal plans are multisectoral, they
In Turkey and Jordan, for example, the require a coordinated central response.
large number of refugees overwhelmed 3. Enhancing the capacities of munici- Efforts are now under way for a formal
municipal capacities to collect and pro- palities by continuously training their integration and coordination of services
cess waste. In the Alakedir site in Jordan, staff in service delivery, project man- of four line ministries in support of these
the amount of solid waste has increased agement and dispute resolution as well municipal plans. This requires changes in
by 50 per cent, from 800 tons in 2010 to as by providing hardware necessary policy, institutional structures and delivery
1,200 tons in 2014, as a result of the Syria for planning, information management mechanisms at the subnational level. The
refugee crisis. and service delivery. This will lead to response to the crisis is thus fostering
the further development of the role and transformational capacities within the sys-
Overall objectives for the livelihoods and level of empowerment of municipalities tem at many levels.
social cohesion/stabilization sector in the within their current legal framework
five 3RP countries include creating the while securing and strengthening the Promoting labour-intensive public works
necessary conditions and environment resilience of the central State. targeted to restore and maintain critical
for job creation while enhancing existing infrastructure is a key element of sup-
systems and promoting social cohesion 4. Promoting social cohesion/stability at porting incomes and livelihoods at scale,
and community integration initiatives at the local level by engaging communi- and is a first step towards revived eco-
the community and municipal levels. ties in planning and other governance nomic growth. An environment conducive
processes, encouraging collective ac- to attracting investments is required, in
In the context of a rapidly evolving refu- tion in responding to needs and in the which host Governments can manage
gee and resilience landscape, with dis- creation of safe public spaces that can their labour markets to protect the digni-
placement within and beyond the region, be used by all. ty and well-being of all affected popula-
sector partners will focus on: tions and promote decent work. Partners
Innovative interventions are emerging and in Lebanon will continue working in the
1. Increased livelihood opportunities for being rapidly scaled up. In Lebanon, for ‘Making markets work for the poor’ (‘M4P’)
both Syrian refugees and vulnerable example, through the Host Communities approach which promotes the sustainabil-
host community members (especial- Support Programme, a methodology for ity of economic gains. The approach aims
ly youth and women) by scaling up risk and resource assessment, leading to change the way market systems work
successful projects, while advocating to the collective development of munici- so they operate more effectively and sus-
for access to livelihoods for refugees. pal plans and the implementation of rapid tainably, allowing vulnerable Lebanese to
Livelihoods will make a significant responses by municipalities, is not only improve their livelihoods and also benefit-
contribution to the No Lost Generation helping to identify priority interventions ing those displaced from Syria.
initiative. The sector partners will con- but is also improving the relationships
tinue providing job training (according
to local needs) and language training
(in Turkey) and establish job-referral
mechanisms to improve employment
opportunities. Vulnerable refugees and
host populations (including youth and Sector Innovation
women) will benefit from cash-for-work
schemes to create an enabling envi- In Jordan, UNDP has adapted the ‘3x6 approach’, an approach that adds to emer-
ronment for sustainable livelihoods, gency employment through cash for work for rapid improvement of community
with possible links to midterm employ- infrastructure, the innovative dimensions of promoting savings and supporting
ment or self-employment for both host emerging entrepreneurs with sustainable microbusiness development.
communities and refugees.
The 3x6 approach is a good example of building a bridge from the short-term to
2. Stimulating local economic develop- the longer term, with a clear view on increasing resilience by widening the range of
ment by improving the capacities of opportunities available to vulnerable people.
the MSME sector and upgrading /
strengthening the value chain to gen- In the process, the training also has an important effect on attitudes, perceptions
erate employment opportunities for and life skills, and since it is implemented with the full participation of the munic-
affected populations and refugees, ipality to address priority needs, it contributes to alleviation of tensions and so-
including support to all productive as- cial cohesion and establishes a new relationship between the municipality and its
sets required to improve livelihood op- constituency.
portunities. Partnership with the private
45
Financial Tables
Jordan/UNHCR/Ed Ou
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
The following tables present the total pro- The regional figures refer to funding ap- countries. UNOCHA’s regional require-
grammatic response being appealed for pealed for to support regional activities ments support the work of the Humanitarian
by United Nations agencies and NGOs including activities in multiple countries, Coordinators in Lebanon and Jordan in
under the 3RP framework in the five and activities in support of regional stan- the implementation and coordination of
countries in 2016. Details of appeal bud- dards, monitoring and evaluation, co- the LCRP and JRP, respectively. UNHCR’s
gets are available in the relevant country ordination and reporting. It includes a regional requirements support protection
chapter. Regional Livelihoods Initiative to further and assistance to smaller caseloads of
policy change, offer life-skill and voca- Syrian refugees further afield, including in
The Jordan figures refer to the United tional training as well as support small countries in Eastern and Western Europe
Nations and NGO Inter-Agency appeal and medium initiatives that offer refugees and North Africa.
in areas where they can leverage funding and un- or under-employed nationals live-
sources not available to the government, lihood opportunities. Other agencies appealing for regional
and where these agencies have a com- activities, coordination and support are
parative advantage. FAO’s regional requirements refer to the UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNRWA and
strengthening of the evidence base for WHO.
The Lebanon figure is an estimate of programming and policy through the
United Nations and NGO appeal targets Regional Food Security Analysis Network
in support of the LCRP. (RFSAN) for the Syria crisis-affected
Food & Agricultural Organization (FAO) 9,200,000 7,150,000 7,000,000 1,500,000 24,850,000
International Organization for Migration (IOM) 3,550,000 20,434,591 7,518,000 28,060,000 59,562,591
47
Partners Egypt Iraq Jordan Lebanon Turkey Regional Grand Total
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) 17,033,882 39,984,396 192,681,612 112,340,000 6,000,000 368,039,890
48
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
Grand
Partners Egypt Iraq Jordan Lebanon Turkey Regional
Total
United Nations Educational, Scientific and
9,381,582 7,080,472 16,462,054
Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations High Commissioner for
61,294,178 104,561,220 229,964,286 294,614,200 146,370,783 836,804,667
Refugees (UNHCR)
United Nations Industrial Development
2,000,000 15,000,000 17,000,000
Organization (UNIDO)
United Nations Office for Project Services
65,303,500 65,303,500
(UNOPS)
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) 1,546,600 5,260,000 21,066,600 17,198,900 1,100,000 46,172,100
World Health Organization (WHO) 2,180,000 3,550,000 1,715,000 5,425,000 1,500,000 14,370,000
49
REGIONAL STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Regional Refugee & Resilience Plan 2016-2017
Design Credit:
- UNHCR/Samar Fayed
51