requirement for the award of the Degree of Master of Civil Engineering
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
APRIL 2015 ABSTRACT
Common stabilization techniques for soils to improve strength and durability
properties often rely on cement, lime, fly ash, and asphalt emulsion. Stabilization of soil with terrazyme and lignin is a very new method to improve the geotechnical properties of the soil. Terrazyme are liquid additives, which act on the soil to reduce the voids between soil particles and to minimize the absorbance of water to the soil particles to maximize compaction. The effectiveness of terrazyme and lignin depends on the types of soil and the amount of stabilizer used. In this present study, the effectiveness of terrazyme and lignin in stabilizing the different types of soils was investigated through laboratory investigations. Each of the additives tested were designed to mix with the soil to improve the texture, increase strength and reduce swell characteristic. Laterite, kaolin and peat were used as the base soil to investigate the geotechnical properties and treated with variable enzyme dosages. The results presented herein were analyzed in terms of Unconfmed Compressive Strength (UCS) testing. The strength parameter of the stabilized soil has been evaluated after curing periods of 0,7, 15,21 and 30 days. Changes in California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value were monitored after mixing the soil with 2% and 5% additives. The laboratory tests showed, for laterite the higher dosage of both lignin and terrazyme gave higher maximum dry density (MDD) and decreased the optimum moisture content (OMC). Meanwhile for kaolin and peat, both additives did not produced significant effect on both the MDD and the OMC. Then for strength properties, 2% lignin and terrazyrne showed the best improvement in strength tests over a 30-day curing period. The CBR value for stabilized laterite were founded that terrazyme gave a higher CBR value than lignin. Meanwhile for kaolin, 2% terrazyme gave the higher CBR value among other treated kaolin. Lastly for peat, 2% dosage of lignin and terrazyme were found effective, after gave a higher CBR value. But, after comparing stabilized peat and kaolin with the control sample, it can be concluded that lignin and terrazyme is not suitable to use for stabilizing peat and kaolin.
Teknik penstabilan tanah menggunakan bahan tambah seperti simen, kapur,
fly ash, dan asfalt emulsi sering digunakan untuk kaedah penstabilan tanah. Penstabilan tanah dengan terrazyme dan lignin adalah satu kaedah yang sangat baru dan dapat meningkatkan ciri-ciri geoteknik tanah. Terrazyme adalah bahan tambah cecair, yang bertindak ke atas tanah untuk mengurangkan lompang di antara zarah- zarah tanah dan mengurangkan kadar serapan air pada zarah tanah untuk memaksimumkan pemadatan. Keberkesanan Terrazyme dan Lignin bergantung kepada jumlah bahan tarnbah yang digunakan. Di daIam kajian ini, keberkesanan dua bahan tambah dalam menstabilkan tanah telah diuji melalui ujian makmal. Dua jenis bahan tambah yang digunakan daIam kajian ini ialah Terrazyme dan Lignin. Setiap satu daripada bahan tambahan diuji dengan mencampurkan bahan tambah tersebut bersama dengan tanah untuk meningkatkan tekstur, meningkatkan kekuatan. Laterite, kaolin dan tanah gambut telah digunakan sebagai tanah asas untuk mengkaji ciri geoteknikal. Keputusan yang dibentangkan di sini dianalisis dari segi Ujian Terkurung Mampatan (UCT). Kekuatan parameter tanah yang stabil telah dinilai selepas pengawetan tempoh 0, 7, 15, 21 dan 30 hari. Perubahan Nisbah Galas California (CBR) juga dinilai selepas mencampurkan tanah dengan 2% dan 5% bahan tambah. Keputusan ujian pemadatan menunjukkan untuk tanah laterite, dos yang lebih tinggi daripada lignin dan terrazyme memberikan keturnpatan kering maksimum yang lebih tinggi (MDD) dan kandungan lembapan optimum telah berkurang (OMC). Sementara itu, bagi kaolin dan tanah gambut, kedua-dua bahan tambahan tidak menghasilkan kesan yang besar ke atas MDD dan OMC. Kemudian untuk sifat-sifat kekuatan , 2 % lignin dan terrazyme menunjukkan peningkatan terbaik dalarn ujian kekuatan untuk tempoh 30 hari tempoh pengawetan. Nilai CBR untuk laterit yang di stabilkan oleh terrazyme memberikan nilai CBR yang lebih tinggi daripada lignin. Sementara itu, bagi kaolin , 2 % terrazyme memberikan nilai CBR yang lebih tinggi daripada 2% lignin,2% terrazyme dan 5% terrazyme. Akhir sekali untuk tanah gambut ,2 % dos lignin dan terrazyme didapati berkesan , selepas memberikan nilai CBR yang tinggi. Tetapi, selepas membandingkan keputusan ujian CBR tanah gambut dan kaolin dengan sarnpel kawalan, dapat disimpulkan bahawa lignin dan terrazyme tidak sesuai digunakan untuk menstabilkan tanah gambut dan kaolin . REFERENCES
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